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Li Q, Feng Y, Wang R, Liu R, Ba Y, Huang H. Recent insights into autophagy and metals/nanoparticles exposure. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:355-372. [PMID: 37398566 PMCID: PMC10313637 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Some anthropogenic pollutants, such as heavy metals and nanoparticles (NPs), are widely distributed and a major threat to environmental safety and public health. In particular, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) have systemic toxicity even at extremely low concentrations, so they are listed as priority metals in relation to their significant public health burden. Aluminum (Al) is also toxic to multiple organs and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. As the utilization of many metal nanoparticles (MNPs) gradually gain traction in industrial and medical applications, they are increasingly being investigated to address potential toxicity by impairing certain biological barriers. The dominant toxic mechanism of these metals and MNPs is the induction of oxidative stress, which subsequently triggers lipid peroxidation, protein modification, and DNA damage. Notably, a growing body of research has revealed the linkage between dysregulated autophagy and some diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Among them, some metals or metal mixtures can act as environmental stimuli and disturb basal autophagic activity, which has an underlying adverse health effect. Some studies also revealed that specific autophagy inhibitors or activators could modify the abnormal autophagic flux attributed to continuous exposure to metals. In this review, we have gathered recent data about the contribution of the autophagy/mitophagy mediated toxic effects and focused on the involvement of some key regulatory factors of autophagic signaling during exposure to selected metals, metal mixtures, as well as MNPs in the real world. Besides this, we summarized the potential significance of interactions between autophagy and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage in the regulation of cell survival response to metals/NPs. A critical view is given on the application of autophagy activators/inhibitors to modulate the systematic toxicity of various metals/MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajing Feng
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruike Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
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Elgazzar FM, Shama MA, Shoeib O, Hafez ASAF. The Role of Echocardiographic Findings in Estimating Survival Probability of Intensive Care Unit Admitted Aluminum Phosphide Poisoned Patients. J Med Toxicol 2022; 18:128-138. [PMID: 35083735 PMCID: PMC8938530 DOI: 10.1007/s13181-021-00868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiotoxicity represents the primary cause of death in acute aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning. Prompt supportive care can improve patient survival. This study assessed the role of echocardiography in estimating the survival probability of AlP-poisoned patients admitted to the intensive care unit. METHODS A prospective cohort study of symptomatic acute AlP poisoned patients was conducted between September 2019 and December 2020. Patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, To be included, patient evaluation needed to include electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic studies. The statistical analysis assessed the association between patient survival and relevant factors. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS A total of 90 patients met inclusion criteria. Electrocardiographic abnormalities were detected in 38.1% of survivors and 82.6% of non-survivors (p < 0.001). Survivors had a higher mean left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) (50.86 ± 6.30% vs. 26.52 ± 7.64%, respectively, p < 0.001) and a lower percentage of global LV hypokinesia (4.8% vs. 94.2%, p < 0.001). The mean survival time was higher among patients with LVEF ≥ 50% than those with LVEF = 41-49% and ≤ 40% (p = 0.014 and 0.001, respectively). The hazard of death was 4.42 and 5.40 times greater in patients with LVEF ≤ 40% or with global LV hypokinesia, respectively. Regression revealed that the global LV hypokinesia, ECG abnormalities, and decreased LVEF and oxygen saturation were significantly associated with the risk of death (hazard ratios: 4.382, 3.348, 0.957, and 0.971, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Echocardiography represents a valuable diagnostic tool to assess cardiac function in acute AlP poisoning. Both LVEF and global LV hypokinesia significantly impact the survival of AlP-poisoned patients. Echocardiography was superior to ECG changes in terms of accuracy for the prediction of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M. Elgazzar
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Collages Complex, Tanta University, Al-Geesh Street, Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Shama
- Emergency Medicine and Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Osama Shoeib
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amal S. A. F. Hafez
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Collages Complex, Tanta University, Al-Geesh Street, Tanta, 31527 Egypt
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Di Cerbo A, Mescola A, Rosace G, Trovato V, Canton R, Iseppi R, Stocchi R, Ghazanfar S, Rea S, Loschi AR, Sabia C. A Time-Course Study on a Food Contact Material (FCM)-Certified Coating Based on Titanium Oxide Deposited onto Aluminum. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:97. [PMID: 35053094 PMCID: PMC8772801 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum is the second most widely used metal worldwide. It is present as an additive in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, and food contact materials (FCM). In this study, we confirm the bactericidal effect of a special anodizing method, based on TiO2 nanoparticles (DURALTI®) deposited on aluminum disks with different roughness and subjected to two sanitizing treatments: UV and alcohol 70%. Consequently, we perform a time-course evaluation against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to better frame the time required to achieve the best result. Approximately 106 CFU/mL of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922; Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 1402; Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 9610; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27588; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212; Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and Listeria monocytogenes NCTT 10888 were inoculated onto each aluminum surface and challenged with UV and alcohol 70% at 0, 15", 30", 1', 5', 15', 30', 1, 2, 4 and 6 h. DURALTI® coating already confirmed its ability to induce a 4-logarithmic decrease (from 106 to 102 CFU/mL) after 6 h. Once each sanitizing treatment was applied, an overall bacterial inhibition occurred in a time ranging from 15'' to 1'. The results are innovative in terms of preventing microbial adhesion and growth in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (R.S.); (S.R.); (A.R.L.)
| | | | - Giuseppe Rosace
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (G.R.); (V.T.)
| | - Valentina Trovato
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24044 Dalmine, Italy; (G.R.); (V.T.)
| | | | - Ramona Iseppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.I.); (C.S.)
| | - Roberta Stocchi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (R.S.); (S.R.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Shakira Ghazanfar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, National Institute of Genomics and Agriculture Biotechnology (NIGAB), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
| | - Stefano Rea
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (R.S.); (S.R.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Anna Rita Loschi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (R.S.); (S.R.); (A.R.L.)
| | - Carla Sabia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.I.); (C.S.)
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Cui Y, Song M, Xiao B, Huang W, Zhang J, Zhang X, Shao B, Han Y, Li Y. PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy Plays a Protective Role in the Bone Impairment Caused by Aluminum Exposure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6054-6063. [PMID: 34018397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of aluminum (Al) in agricultural production and its wide application in food processing greatly increase the chance of human and animal exposure. Al can accumulate in bone and cause bone diseases by inducing oxidative stress. Mitophagy can maintain normal cell function by degrading damaged mitochondria and scavenging reactive oxygen species. However, the role of mitophagy in the bone impairment caused by Al is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/ E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2 (Parkin)-mediated mitophagy was activated in the bone impairment caused by Al in vivo. Then, the Al-induced mitophagy in Parkin-deficient mice and MC3T3-E1 cells were decreased. Meanwhile, Parkin deficiency exacerbated the bone impairment, mitochondrial damage, and oxidative stress under Al exposure, both in vivo and in vitro. In general, the results reveal that Al exposure can activate PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, and the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays a protective role in the bone impairment caused by Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bonan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wanyue Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Hamade H, Sahin A, Sukhn C, El Tawil C, Rizk J, Kazzi Z, El Zahran T. Human Zinc Phosphide Exposure in Lebanon: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2021; 5:50-57. [PMID: 33560952 PMCID: PMC7872605 DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2020.10.47397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Toxicity from rodenticides such as metal phosphides is common worldwide, particularly in developing countries where consumers have access to unlabeled and uncontrolled insecticides and pesticides. Case Report We present the first documentation of a metal phosphide exposure in Lebanon. A middle-aged woman presented to the emergency department following the ingestion of an unknown rodenticide. Spectroscopy analysis of the sample brought by the patient was used and helped identify zinc phosphide. The patient developed mild gastrointestinal symptoms and was admitted to the intensive care unit for observation without further complications. Review We subsequently conducted a literature review to understand the diagnosis, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of metal phosphide toxicity. Multiple searches were conducted on MEDLINE and PubMed, and articles related to the topics under discussion were included in the review. Metal phosphide is associated with significant morbidity and mortality involving all body systems. Patients presenting with metal phosphide intoxication need extensive workup including blood testing, electrocardiogram, and chest radiography. To date there is no antidote for metal phosphide toxicity, and management is mostly supportive. Many treatment modalities have been investigated to improve outcomes in patients presenting with metal phosphide toxicities. Conclusion Emergency physicians and toxicologists in developing countries need to consider zinc and aluminum phosphides on their differential when dealing with unlabeled rodenticide ingestion. Treatment is mostly supportive with close monitoring for sick patients. Further research is needed to better understand metal phosphide toxicity and to develop better treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Hamade
- American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aynur Sahin
- Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Carol Sukhn
- American University of Beirut, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chady El Tawil
- American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jennifer Rizk
- American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Kazzi
- American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon.,Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tharwat El Zahran
- American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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Mehrpour O, Asadi S, Yaghoubi MA, Azdaki N, Mahmoodabadi N, Javadmoosavi S. Cardiogenic Shock Due to Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning Treated with Intra-aortic Balloon Pump: A Report of Two Cases. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 19:474-481. [PMID: 30949845 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The mortality rate from aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning is as high as 70-100%, with refractory hypotension and severe metabolic acidosis being the two most common presentations in this poisoning. As this poisoning has no specific antidote, treatments revolve around supportive care. Cardiogenic shock created by toxic myocarditis is considered the main cause of mortality in these patients. Meanwhile, the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been suggested for the treatment of cardiogenic shock. This article reports the successful treatment of cardiogenic shock caused by AlP poisoning in a 17-year-old man and a 21-year-old woman using the IABP procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mehrpour
- Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Sadegh Asadi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand, 9717853577, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Yaghoubi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nahid Azdaki
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nastaran Mahmoodabadi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand, 9717853577, Iran
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Igbokwe IO, Igwenagu E, Igbokwe NA. Aluminium toxicosis: a review of toxic actions and effects. Interdiscip Toxicol 2019; 12:45-70. [PMID: 32206026 PMCID: PMC7071840 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2019-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is frequently accessible to animal and human populations to the extent that intoxications may occur. Intake of Al is by inhalation of aerosols or particles, ingestion of food, water and medicaments, skin contact, vaccination, dialysis and infusions. Toxic actions of Al induce oxidative stress, immunologic alterations, genotoxicity, pro-inflammatory effect, peptide denaturation or transformation, enzymatic dysfunction, metabolic derangement, amyloidogenesis, membrane perturbation, iron dyshomeostasis, apoptosis, necrosis and dysplasia. The pathological conditions associated with Al toxicosis are desquamative interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, granulomas, granulomatosis and fibrosis, toxic myocarditis, thrombosis and ischemic stroke, granulomatous enteritis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, anemia, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, sclerosis, autism, macrophagic myofasciitis, osteomalacia, oligospermia and infertility, hepatorenal disease, breast cancer and cyst, pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis and diabetes mellitus. The review provides a broad overview of Al toxicosis as a background for sustained investigations of the toxicology of Al compounds of public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikechukwu Onyebuchi Igbokwe
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Ephraim Igwenagu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Nanacha Afifi Igbokwe
- Department Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is an insecticide and rodenticide used to protect stored grains from rodents and other household pests. This substance is highly toxic to humans and has been the cause of many accidental and intentional deaths due in part to poor regulation of sales and distribution in many countries. OBJECTIVES Describe poisonings reported to the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia in terms of demographic variables and by time and geographic distribution. DESIGN Retrospective medical record review. SETTING Ministry of Health hospitals nationwide. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using a semi-structured checklist, data was collected from patient records that contained sociodemographic variables and the outcome (died or discharged). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Aggregated data, summary statistics and statistical comparisons. SAMPLE SIZE 68 patients. RESULTS Thirty-eight (56%) were female and the mean (SD) age of patients was 18.6 (1.86) years. Eighteen of 22 (82%) patients who died were younger than 20 years old. Mortality in patients younger than 20 years of age was greater than in adults (P=.043). Mortality was highest in patients younger than 7 years of age (P=.006). The cases were reported by the Islamic years 1427-1435, corresponding approximately to Gregorian years 2006 to 2017. Fifty-six cases (83%) were reported from Jeddah. Most cases were due to accidental exposure to phosphine gas during fumigation. CONCLUSION Mortality due to AlP poisoning was highest in children and most commonly occurred during fumigation of households. Delays in medical attention and diagnosis may have contributed to mortality. LIMITATIONS Retrospective data collection and relatively small sample size. Data on exact amount and route of phosphide ingestion or exposure not available. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shalam M Hussain
- Dr. Shalam M. Hussain, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University,, PO Box 5888, Unaizah 51911, Qassim, Saudi Arabia, , ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2398-5485
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