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Li J, Huang Z, Jin Y, Liang L, Li Y, Xu K, Zhou W, Li X. Neuroprotective Effect of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) on In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Retinal Disorders: A Systematic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1374-1390. [PMID: 37691227 PMCID: PMC11092919 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230907152207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a naturally produced hydrophilic bile acid that has been used for centuries in Chinese medicine. Numerous recent in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that TUDCA has neuroprotective action in various models of retinal disorders. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the scientific literature and provide a comprehensive summary on the neuroprotective action and the mechanisms involved in the cytoprotective effects of TUDCA. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Systematic literature search of United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library was performed, which covered all original articles published up to July 2022. The terms, "TUDCA" in combination with "retina", "retinal protection", "neuroprotection" were searched. Possible biases were identified with the adopted SYRCLE's tool. RESULTS Of the 423 initially gathered studies, 24 articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria for full-text review. Six of them were in vitro experiments, 17 studies reported in vivo data and one study described both in vitro and in vivo data. The results revealed the effect of TUDCA on different retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal degeneration (RD), retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and retinal detachment (RDT). The quality scores of the in vivo studies were ranged from 5 to 7 points (total 10 points), according to SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Both in vitro and in vivo data suggested that TUDCA could effectively delay degeneration and apoptosis of retinal neurons, preserve retinal structure and function, and its mechanism of actions might be related with inhibiting apoptosis, decreasing inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, suppressing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and reducing angiogenesis. CONCLUSION This systematic review demonstrated that TUDCA has neuroprotective effect on in vivo and in vitro models of retinal disorders, reinforcing the currently available evidence that TUDCA could be a promising therapeutic agent in retinal diseases treatment. However, well designed clinical trials are necessary to appraise the efficacy of TUDCA in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxian Li
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Ziyang Huang
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Lina Liang
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Eye Function Laboratory, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China
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Oshitari T. Neurovascular Cell Death and Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12919. [PMID: 37629100 PMCID: PMC10454228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness worldwide. DR was recently defined as a neurovascular disease associated with tissue-specific neurovascular impairment of the retina in patients with diabetes. Neurovascular cell death is the main cause of neurovascular impairment in DR. Thus, neurovascular cell protection is a potential therapy for preventing the progression of DR. Growing evidence indicates that a variety of cell death pathways, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, are associated with neurovascular cell death in DR. These forms of regulated cell death may serve as therapeutic targets for ameliorating the pathogenesis of DR. This review focuses on these cell death mechanisms and describes potential therapies for the treatment of DR that protect against neurovascular cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Oshitari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-43-226-2124; Fax: +81-43-224-4162
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita 286-8686, Japan
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Advanced Glycation End-Products and Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032927. [PMID: 36769249 PMCID: PMC9917392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a tissue-specific neurovascular impairment of the retina in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Several pathological factors are involved in the progressive impairment of the interdependence between cells that consist of the neurovascular units (NVUs). The advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are one of the major pathological factors that cause the impairments of neurovascular coupling in diabetic retinopathy. Although the exact mechanisms for the toxicities of the AGEs in diabetic retinopathy have not been definitively determined, the AGE-receptor of the AGE (RAGE) axis, production of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory reactions, and the activation of the cell death pathways are associated with the impairment of the NVUs in diabetic retinopathy. More specifically, neuronal cell death is an irreversible change that is directly associated with vision reduction in diabetic patients. Thus, neuroprotective therapies must be established for diabetic retinopathy. The AGEs are one of the therapeutic targets to examine to ameliorate the pathological changes in the NVUs in diabetic retinopathy. This review focuses on the basic and pathological findings of AGE-induced neurovascular abnormalities and the potential therapeutic approaches, including the use of anti-glycated drugs to protect the AGE-induced impairments of the NVUs in diabetic retinopathy.
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Chen F, Ge Z, Li N, Yu Z, Wu R, Zhao Y, He X, Cai G. TUDCA protects against tunicamycin-induced apoptosis of dorsal root ganglion neurons by suppressing activation of ER stress. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:509. [PMID: 35837048 PMCID: PMC9257946 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in neurodegenerative diseases has been well established. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursodeoxycholic acid, which has been reported to exert cytoprotective effects on several types of cells by inhibiting ER stress. The present study explored the effects of TUDCA on primary cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Cell viability and apoptosis of DRG neurons treated with TUDCA and tunicamycin were detected by CellTiter-Blue assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. The protein levels and phosphorylation of apoptosis and ERS-related signaling pathway molecules were detected by western blot, and the mRNA levels of related genes were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Notably, TUDCA had no significant cytotoxic effect on DRG neurons at concentrations ≤250 µM. In addition, the apoptosis induced by tunicamycin exposure was markedly suppressed by TUDCA, as indicated by the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells, the activities of caspases and the changes in expression levels of critical apoptosis factors. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of tunicamycin in DRG neurons was accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production, and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels. The changes in oxidative stress-related factors (ROS, LDH, MDA and GSH) were reversed by TUDCA. Furthermore, as determined by western blotting, the increase in C/EBP homologous protein, glucose-regulated protein 78 and cleaved caspase-12 expression following tunicamycin treatment suggested the activation of ER stress. Downregulation of ER stress components and unfolded protein response sensors by TUDCA confirmed the implication of ER stress in the effects of TUDCA on DRG neurons. In conclusion, the present study indicated that TUDCA may protect against tunicamycin-induced DRG apoptosis by suppressing the activation of ER stress. The protective effect and the therapeutic value of TUDCA in nervous system injury require further study in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zuochong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Rongbo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Xianwei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
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Mastropasqua L, Agnifili L, Ferrante C, Sacchi M, Figus M, Rossi GCM, Brescia L, Aloia R, Orlando G. Citicoline/Coenzyme Q10/Vitamin B3 Fixed Combination Exerts Synergistic Protective Effects on Neuronal Cells Exposed to Oxidative Stress. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142963. [PMID: 35889920 PMCID: PMC9316190 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the rationale and efficacy of using a citicoline, coenzyme Q10 (CAVAQ10) and vitamin B3 fixed combination in combating inflammation and oxidation in neuronal cells exposed to oxidative stress. Methods: HypoE22 cells and isolated hypothalamic specimens were selected as in vitro models to conduct the experiments. The efficacy of citicoline, CAVAQ10, and vitamin B3, with their fixed combination, were assayed after the exposure of hypothalamic cells to hydrogen peroxide (concentration range 1 nM–10 µM), in order to evaluate the biocompatibility of treatments. The activity of neuroprotective and pro-inflammatory factors, namely, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), involved in the neuronal cell damage in neurodegenerative diseases, were assayed in isolated hypothalamus. Results: Neither citicoline, CAVAQ10, nor vitamin B3 significantly altered hypothalamic cell viability, thus suggesting the biocompatibility of single ingredients and fixed combination in the concentration range considered for the study. In the same condition, citicoline and CAVAQ10 were also effective in reducing the gene expression of monoaminoxidase-B, involved in dopamine degradation. However, only citicoline demonstrated an ability to reduce dopamine levels. Conversely, all compounds were effective in reducing the gene expression of IL-6, and TNFα, and in inducing the gene expression of BDNF, with the co-administration of citicoline/CAVAQ10/vitamin B3 being generally more effective than single ingredients. Conclusions: The present findings support the beneficial and synergistic effects of citicoline, CAVAQ10, and vitamin B3 in fixed combination in reducing inflammation and oxidation, and in stimulating neurotrophin production in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mastropasqua
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Luca Agnifili
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (L.B.); Tel.: +39-0871-358489 (L.A. & L.B.); Fax: +39-0871-358794 (L.A. & L.B.)
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (C.F.); (G.O.)
| | - Matteo Sacchi
- University Eye Clinic, San Giuseppe Hospital, IRCCS Multimedica, 20900 Milan, Italy;
| | - Michele Figus
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular and Emergency, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Lorenza Brescia
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (L.B.); Tel.: +39-0871-358489 (L.A. & L.B.); Fax: +39-0871-358794 (L.A. & L.B.)
| | - Raffaella Aloia
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University, 66013 Chieti, Italy; (C.F.); (G.O.)
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Neurovascular Impairment and Therapeutic Strategies in Diabetic Retinopathy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010439. [PMID: 35010703 PMCID: PMC8744686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy has recently been defined as a highly specific neurovascular complication of diabetes. The chronic progression of the impairment of the interdependence of neurovascular units (NVUs) is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The NVUs consist of neurons, glial cells, and vascular cells, and the interdependent relationships between these cells are disturbed under diabetic conditions. Clinicians should understand and update the current knowledge of the neurovascular impairments in diabetic retinopathy. Above all, neuronal cell death is an irreversible change, and it is directly related to vision loss in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Thus, neuroprotective and vasoprotective therapies for diabetic retinopathy must be established. Understanding the physiological and pathological interdependence of the NVUs is helpful in establishing neuroprotective and vasoprotective therapies for diabetic retinopathy. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of the neurovascular impairments and introduces possible neurovascular protective therapies for diabetic retinopathy.
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Oshitari T. Diabetic retinopathy: neurovascular disease requiring neuroprotective and regenerative therapies. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:795-796. [PMID: 34472475 PMCID: PMC8530146 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.322457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Oshitari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana, Chuo-ku; Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, Japan
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The Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches of Diabetic Neuropathy in the Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169050. [PMID: 34445756 PMCID: PMC8396448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a major retinal disease and a leading cause of blindness in the world. Diabetic retinopathy is a neurovascular disease that is associated with disturbances of the interdependent relationship of cells composed of the neurovascular units, i.e., neurons, glial cells, and vascular cells. An impairment of these neurovascular units causes both neuronal and vascular abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy. More specifically, neuronal abnormalities including neuronal cell death and axon degeneration are irreversible changes that are directly related to the vision reduction in diabetic patients. Thus, establishment of neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for diabetic neuropathy in the retina is an emergent task for preventing the blindness of patients with diabetic retinopathy. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of the neuronal abnormalities in diabetic retina including glial abnormalities, neuronal cell death, and axon degeneration. The possible molecular cell death pathways and intrinsic survival and regenerative pathways are also described. In addition, therapeutic approaches for diabetic neuropathy in the retina both in vitro and in vivo are presented. This review should be helpful for providing clues to overcome the barriers for establishing neuroprotection and regeneration of diabetic neuropathy in the retina.
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Hwang JS, Shin YJ. Role of Choline in Ocular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4733. [PMID: 33946979 PMCID: PMC8124599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Choline is essential for maintaining the structure and function of cells in humans. Choline plays an important role in eye health and disease. It is a precursor of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, and it is involved in the production and secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands. It also contributes to the stability of the cells and tears on the ocular surface and is involved in retinal development and differentiation. Choline deficiency is associated with retinal hemorrhage, glaucoma, and dry eye syndrome. Choline supplementation may be effective for treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07442, Korea;
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Oshitari T. Understanding intrinsic survival and regenerative pathways through in vivo and in vitro studies: implications for optic nerve regeneration. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2021.1912595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Oshitari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
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Sbardella D, Coletta A, Tundo GR, Ahmed IMM, Bellia F, Oddone F, Manni G, Coletta M. Structural and functional evidence for citicoline binding and modulation of 20S proteasome activity: Novel insights into its pro-proteostatic effect. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113977. [PMID: 32298691 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Citicoline or CDP-choline is a drug, made up by a cytidine 5'-diphosphate moiety and choline, which upon adsorption is rapidly hydrolyzed into cytidine 5'-diphosphate and choline, easily bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Once in the brain, these metabolites are used to re-synthesize citicoline in neurons and in the other cell histo-types which uptake them. Citicoline administration finds broad therapeutic application in the treatment of glaucoma as well as other retinal disorders by virtue of its safety profile and neuro-protective and neuroenhancer activity, which significantly improves the visual function. Further, though supported by limited clinical studies, this molecule finds therapeutic application in neurodegenerative disease, delaying the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) subjects. In this work we show that citicoline greatly affects the proteolytic activity of the 20S proteasome on synthetic and natural substrates, functioning as a bimodal allosteric modulator, likely binding at multiple sites. In silico binding simulations identify several potential binding sites for citicoline on 20S proteasome, and their topology envisages the possibility that, by occupying some of these pockets, citicoline may induce a conformational shift of the 20S proteasome, allowing to sketch a working hypothesis for the structural basis of its function as allosteric modulator. In addition, we show that over the same concentration range citicoline affects the distribution of assembled proteasome populations and turn-over of ubiquitinated proteins in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE human neuroblastoma cells, suggesting its potential role as a regulator of proteostasis in nervous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- IRCCS-Fondazione G.B. BIETTI, via Livenza, 3, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ikhlas M M Ahmed
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione G.B. BIETTI, via Livenza, 3, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Manni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Lee JY, Kim JM, Lee KY, Kim B, Lee MY, Park KH. Relationships between Obesity, Nutrient Supply and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Koreans. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030878. [PMID: 32214001 PMCID: PMC7146578 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the association between nutrient intake and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in Koreans, a population-based, cross-sectional survey, the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, was analyzed. Glaucoma diagnosis was based on criteria established by the International Society of Geographic and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between dietary intake and the prevalence of POAG in all enrolled subjects. In the low Body mass index(BMI) group (BMI <18.5), females with POAG had significantly lower intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, B-carotene, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C than their non-glaucoma counterparts, based on a multivariate logistic regression analysis (all p < 0.05). In females with a medium BMI (18.5 ≤ BMI < 23), POAG showed a significant association with lower food intake, energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, thiamin and niacin. (all p < 0.05). Lower protein thiamine intake in medium BMI males was related to POAG. Low dietary intake of several nutrients showed an association with glaucoma in low BMI female subjects. An insufficient intake of certain nutrients may be associated with an increased risk of glaucoma in Koreans. Further large-scale cohort studies are needed to determine how specific nutrients alter the risk of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sahmyook Medical Center, Seoul 02500, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (K.Y.L.)
| | - Joon Mo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2001-2257; Fax: +82-2-2001-2262
| | - Kyoung Yong Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sahmyook Medical Center, Seoul 02500, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (K.Y.L.)
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea;
| | - Mi Yeon Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea;
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
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Retinal degeneration rat model: A study on the structural and functional changes in the retina following injection of sodium iodate. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 196:111514. [PMID: 31154277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Retinal disorders account for a large proportion of ocular disorders that can lead to visual impairment or blindness, and yet our limited knowledge in the pathogenesis and choice of appropriate animal models for new treatment modalities may contribute to ineffective therapies. Although genetic in vivo models are favored, the variable expressivity and penetrance of these heterogeneous disorders can cause difficulties in assessing potential treatments against retinal degeneration. Hence, an attractive alternative is to develop a chemically-induced model that is both cost-friendly and standardizable. Sodium iodate is an oxidative chemical that is used to simulate late stage retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. In this study, retinal degeneration was induced through systemic administration of sodium iodate (NaIO3) at varying doses up to 80 mg/kg in Sprague-Dawley rats. An analysis on the visual response of the rats by electroretinography (ERG) showed a decrease in photoreceptor function with NaIO3 administration at a dose of 40 mg/kg or greater. The results correlated with the TUNEL assay, which revealed signs of DNA damage throughout the retina. Histomorphological analysis also revealed extensive structural lesions throughout the outer retina and parts of the inner retina. Our results provided a detailed view of NaIO3-induced retinal degeneration, and showed that the administration of 40 mg/kg NaIO3 was sufficient to generate disturbances in retinal function. The pathological findings in this model reveal a degenerating retina, and can be further utilized to develop effective therapies for RPE, photoreceptor, and bipolar cell regeneration.
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Kitamura Y, Bikbova G, Baba T, Yamamoto S, Oshitari T. In vivo effects of single or combined topical neuroprotective and regenerative agents on degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in rat optic nerve crush model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:101. [PMID: 30643179 PMCID: PMC6331543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the effectiveness of a single or a combination of topical neurotrophic factors (NFs) in protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the rat optic nerve crush (ONC) model, the left ONC was performed to induce the death of the RGCs in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. The NFs studied were tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), citicoline, neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), combined TUDCA/citicoline (Doublet-1), combined TUDCA/NT-4 (Doublet-2), combined TUDCA/citicoline/NT-4 (Triplet), and PBS. After 2 weeks, the number of RGCs was determined by Brn3a immunostaining. The optic nerves were immunostained for anti-Growth Associated Protein-43(GAP-43) and -200kD neurofilament heavy antibody to study optic nerve regeneration. Two weeks after the ONC, the densities of RGCs in all treated eyes were significantly higher than that of the PBS treated eyes. In the Triplet group, the number of RGC axons after ONC was significantly higher than that in all of the single treatment groups and the number of TUNEL positive cells was significantly reduced and the number of GAP-43 immunopositive axons was significantly greater than those in the PBS group. Neovascularization was observed only in the Doublet-1 group. We conclude that the combination of the three NFs was the most effective way to protect RGCs after the ONC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Guzel Bikbova
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Baba
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yamamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Oshitari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, Kouzunomori 4-3, Narita, 286-8686, Chiba, Japan.
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