1
|
Varra FN, Varras M, Varra VK, Theodosis-Nobelos P. Molecular and pathophysiological relationship between obesity and chronic inflammation in the manifestation of metabolic dysfunctions and their inflammation‑mediating treatment options (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:95. [PMID: 38606791 PMCID: PMC11025031 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity reaches up to epidemic proportions globally and increases the risk for a wide spectrum of co‑morbidities, including type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney diseases, respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, musculoskeletal disorders and osteoarthritis, subfertility, psychosocial problems and certain types of cancers. The underlying inflammatory mechanisms interconnecting obesity with metabolic dysfunction are not completely understood. Increased adiposity promotes pro‑inflammatory polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, in adipose tissue (AT), with subsequent increased production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, inducing therefore an overall, systemic, low‑grade inflammation, which contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR) and T2DM. Targeting inflammatory mediators could be alternative therapies to treat obesity, but their safety and efficacy remains to be studied further and confirmed in future clinical trials. The present review highlights the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms by which the chronic low‑grade inflammation in AT and the production of reactive oxygen species lead to MetS, IR and T2DM. In addition, focus is given on the role of anti‑inflammatory agents, in the resolution of chronic inflammation, through the blockade of chemotactic factors, such as monocytes chemotractant protein‑1, and/or the blockade of pro‑inflammatory mediators, such as IL‑1β, TNF‑α, visfatin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‑1, and/or the increased synthesis of adipokines, such as adiponectin and apelin, in obesity‑associated metabolic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fani-Niki Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
- Medical School, Dimocritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - Michail Varras
- Fourth Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Elena Venizelou’ General Hospital, Athens 11521, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bravo C, Mericq V, Pereira A, Corvalán C, Tobar HE, Miranda JP, Santos JL. Association between plasma leptin/adiponectin ratio and insulin resistance indexes in prepubertal children. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2024; 68:e220353. [PMID: 38289144 PMCID: PMC10948042 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2022-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Objective To assess the association between leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) and insulin resistance surrogates in prepubertal children. Materials and methods Study based on data from the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study (GOCS) involving 968 Chilean prepubertal children. Plasma insulin, leptin, and adiponectin were determined by immunoassays. Several common insulin resistance surrogates were calculated, including the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride/HDL cholesterol index, triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and the TyG index corrected for body mass index (BMI; TyG-BMI) and waist circumference (WC; TyG-WC). Associations among variables were assessed using multiple linear and logistic regression analysis. Results There was a significant direct association between plasma leptin and LAR with BMI z-score but no association between plasma adiponectin and adiposity. After adjustments for sex and age, LAR was significantly associated with all insulin resistance surrogates (which were categorized using the 75th percentile as the cutoff point), with the TyG-WC index emerging as the surrogate with the highest magnitude of association (odds ratio [OR] 2.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.05-2.9). After additional adjustment for BMI z-score, only the association between LAR and TyG-WC remained significant (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.27-2.12). Conclusion Plasma leptin and LAR were strongly associated with several common insulin resistance surrogates in prepubertal children, most notably with the TyG-WC index. Associations between LAR and insulin resistance indexes were mainly driven by the effect of plasma leptin, which is also directly associated with increased adiposity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bravo
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica Mericq
- Instituto de Investigaciones MaternoInfantil, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Pereira
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Corvalán
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo E Tobar
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Patricio Miranda
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Luis Santos
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The effect of arbutin and aerobic training on plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
4
|
Reyes-Barrera J, Medina-Urrutia AX, Jorge-Galarza E, Osorio-Alonso H, Arellano-Buendía AS, Olvera-Mayorga G, Sánchez-Ortiz NA, Torres-Tamayo M, Tovar Palacio AR, Torre-Villalvazo I, Juárez-Rojas JG. Uric acid is associated with morpho-functional adipose tissue markers in apparently healthy subjects. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:368-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
5
|
Gallegos-Cabriales EC, Rodriguez-Ayala E, Laviada-Molina HA, Nava-Gonzalez EJ, Salinas-Osornio RA, Orozco L, Leal-Berumen I, Castillo-Pineda JC, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Escudero-Lourdes C, Cornejo-Barrera J, Escalante-Araiza F, Huerta-Avila EE, Buenfil-Rello FA, Peschard VG, Silva E, Veloz-Garza RA, Martinez-Hernandez A, Barajas-Olmos FM, Molina-Segui F, Gonzalez-Ramirez L, Arjona-Villicaña RD, Hernandez-Escalante VM, Gaytan-Saucedo JF, Vaquera Z, Acebo-Martinez M, Murillo-Ramirez A, Diaz-Tena SP, Figueroa-Nuñez B, Valencia-Rendon ME, Garzon-Zamora R, Viveros-Paredes JM, Valdovinos-Chavez SB, Comuzzie AG, Haack K, Thorsell AA, Han X, Cole SA, Bastarrachea RA. Replication of Integrative Data Analysis for Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, Low-Grade Inflammation, Postprandial Responses and OMICs Signatures in Symptom-Free Adults. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1342. [PMID: 34943258 PMCID: PMC8698545 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported preliminary characterization of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction through the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR) and fasting/postprandial (F/P) gene expression in subcutaneous (SQ) adipose tissue (AT) biopsies obtained from participants in the GEMM study, a precision medicine research project. Here we present integrative data replication of previous findings from an increased number of GEMM symptom-free (SF) adults (N = 124) to improve characterization of early biomarkers for cardiovascular (CV)/immunometabolic risk in SF adults with AT dysfunction. We achieved this goal by taking advantage of the rich set of GEMM F/P 5 h time course data and three tissue samples collected at the same time and frequency on each adult participant (F/P blood, biopsies of SQAT and skeletal muscle (SKM)). We classified them with the presence/absence of AT dysfunction: low (<1) or high (>1) ALR. We also examined the presence of metabolically healthy (MH)/unhealthy (MUH) individuals through low-grade chronic subclinical inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)), whole body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index) and Metabolic Syndrome criteria in people with/without AT dysfunction. Molecular data directly measured from three tissues in a subset of participants allowed fine-scale multi-OMIC profiling of individual postprandial responses (RNA-seq in SKM and SQAT, miRNA from plasma exosomes and shotgun lipidomics in blood). Dynamic postprandial immunometabolic molecular endophenotypes were obtained to move towards a personalized, patient-defined medicine. This study offers an example of integrative translational research, which applies bench-to-bedside research to clinical medicine. Our F/P study design has the potential to characterize CV/immunometabolic early risk detection in support of precision medicine and discovery in SF individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther C. Gallegos-Cabriales
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (E.C.G.-C.); (R.A.V.-G.); (S.B.V.-C.)
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Hugo A. Laviada-Molina
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | | | - Rocío A. Salinas-Osornio
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Irene Leal-Berumen
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico;
| | - Juan Carlos Castillo-Pineda
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia 58170, Mexico; (J.C.C.-P.); (A.M.-R.); (S.P.D.-T.)
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Claudia Escudero-Lourdes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 78240, Mexico; (C.E.-L.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Judith Cornejo-Barrera
- Departamento de Enseñanza, Postgrado e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria 87150, Mexico;
| | - Fabiola Escalante-Araiza
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Eira E. Huerta-Avila
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Fatima A. Buenfil-Rello
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Vanessa-Giselle Peschard
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Eliud Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Rosa A. Veloz-Garza
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (E.C.G.-C.); (R.A.V.-G.); (S.B.V.-C.)
| | - Angelica Martinez-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Francisco M. Barajas-Olmos
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Fernanda Molina-Segui
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Lucia Gonzalez-Ramirez
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Ruy D. Arjona-Villicaña
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Victor M. Hernandez-Escalante
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Janeth F. Gaytan-Saucedo
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Zoila Vaquera
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Monica Acebo-Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 78240, Mexico; (C.E.-L.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Areli Murillo-Ramirez
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia 58170, Mexico; (J.C.C.-P.); (A.M.-R.); (S.P.D.-T.)
| | - Sara P. Diaz-Tena
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia 58170, Mexico; (J.C.C.-P.); (A.M.-R.); (S.P.D.-T.)
| | - Benigno Figueroa-Nuñez
- Clínica de Enfermedades Crónicas y Procedimientos Especiales (CECYPE), Morelia 58249, Mexico;
| | - Melesio E. Valencia-Rendon
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Rafael Garzon-Zamora
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Juan Manuel Viveros-Paredes
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Salvador B. Valdovinos-Chavez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (E.C.G.-C.); (R.A.V.-G.); (S.B.V.-C.)
| | | | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | | | - Xianlin Han
- Department of Medicine, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Raul A. Bastarrachea
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
- Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Тимашева ЯР, Балхиярова ЖР, Кочетова ОВ. [Current state of the obesity research: genetic aspects, the role of microbiome, and susceptibility to COVID-19]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2021; 67:20-35. [PMID: 34533011 PMCID: PMC9753850 DOI: 10.14341/probl12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Obesity affects over 700 million people worldwide and its prevalence keeps growing steadily. The problem is particularly relevant due to the increased risk of COVID-19 complications and mortality in obese patients. Obesity prevalence increase is often associated with the influence of environmental and behavioural factors, leading to stigmatization of people with obesity due to beliefs that their problems are caused by poor lifestyle choices. However, hereditary predisposition to obesity has been established, likely polygenic in nature. Morbid obesity can result from rare mutations having a significant effect on energy metabolism and fat deposition, but the majority of patients does not present with monogenic forms. Microbiome low diversity significantly correlates with metabolic disorders (inflammation, insulin resistance), and the success of weight loss (bariatric) surgery. However, data on the long-term consequences of bariatric surgery and changes in the microbiome composition and genetic diversity before and after surgery are currently lacking. In this review, we summarize the results of studies of the genetic characteristics of obesity patients, molecular mechanisms of obesity, contributing to the unfavourable course of coronavirus infection, and the evolution of their microbiome during bariatric surgery, elucidating the mechanisms of disease development and creating opportunities to identify potential new treatment targets and design effective personalized approaches for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Я. Р. Тимашева
- Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук;
Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
| | - Ж. Р. Балхиярова
- Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук;
Башкирский государственный медицинский университет;
Университет Суррея
| | - О. В. Кочетова
- Институт биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Barroso Oquendo M, Siegel-Axel D, Gerst F, Lorza-Gil E, Moller A, Wagner R, Machann J, Fend F, Königsrainer A, Heni M, Häring HU, Ullrich S, Birkenfeld AL. Pancreatic fat cells of humans with type 2 diabetes display reduced adipogenic and lipolytic activity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C1000-C1012. [PMID: 33788629 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00595.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, especially visceral fat accumulation, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of T2D on the pancreatic fat depot. Pancreatic fat pads from 17 partial pancreatectomized patients (PPP) were collected, pancreatic preadipocytes isolated, and in vitro differentiated. Patients were grouped using HbA1c into normal glucose tolerant (NGT), prediabetic (PD), and T2D. Transcriptome profiles of preadipocytes and adipocytes were assessed by RNAseq. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by quantifying AKT phosphorylation on Western blots. Lipogenic capacity was assessed with oil red O staining, lipolytic activity via fatty acid release. Secreted factors were measured using ELISA. Comparative transcriptome analysis of preadipocytes and adipocytes indicates defective upregulation of genes governing adipogenesis (NR1H3), lipogenesis (FASN, SCD, ELOVL6, and FADS1), and lipolysis (LIPE) during differentiation of cells from T2D-PPP. In addition, the ratio of leptin/adiponectin mRNA was higher in T2D than in NGT-PPP. Preadipocytes and adipocytes of NGT-PPP were more insulin sensitive than T2D-PPP cells in regard to AKT phosphorylation. Triglyceride accumulation was similar in NGT and T2D adipocytes. Despite a high expression of the receptors NPR1 and NPR2 in NGT and T2D adipocytes, lipolysis was stimulated by ANP 1.74-fold in NGT cells only. This stimulation was further increased by the PDE5 inhibitor dipyridamole (3.09-fold). Dipyridamole and forskolin increased lipolysis receptor independently 1.88-fold and 1.48-fold, respectively, solely in NGT cells. In conclusion, the metabolic status persistently affects differentiation and lipolysis of pancreatic adipocytes. These alterations could aggravate the development of T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Barroso Oquendo
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Siegel-Axel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felicia Gerst
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Estela Lorza-Gil
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Moller
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Wagner
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Machann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Heni
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Ullrich
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Eboka-Loumingou Sakou RF, Longo-Mbenza B, Nkalla-Lambi M, Mokondjimobe E, Monabeka HG, Moukassa D, Abena AA, Mekieje Tumchou MP, Tchokonte-Nana V. Inflammatory biomarkers and prediction of insulin resistance in Congolese adults. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06139. [PMID: 33644449 PMCID: PMC7889996 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that low levels of adiponectin (ADP) and high levels of alpha tumor necrosis factor (NFT) increase the risk or severity of many cardiometabolic diseases associated with insulin resistance. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma adipokines and IR measured by HOMA-IR. The secondary objective was to determine the biomarker of the potential inflammation to predict IR in Congolese melanoderm subjects residing in Brazzaville. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 234 apparently healthy participants over the age of 18. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected. Biological data, including the total ADP and NFT dosage, were measured using the ELISA method. Participants were categorized into two groups according to HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for insulin resistance. An optimized model was obtained after the logistic regression. The analysis of the receptor's operating characteristics (OCR) was performed to determine the optimal threshold value and diagnostic characteristics, as well as the area under the curve (ASC). ADP averages were significantly low (11.49 ± 7.61 ng/mL; P < 0.001) while those of TNF were significantly higher (96.03 ± 44.09 pg/mL) in the HOMA-IR group ≥ 2.5. There was a positive and significant correlation (p < 0.05) between BMI, TT, CRPhs, TNF and HOMA-IR. And a negative and significant correlation was noted between ADP and HOMA-IR (r = - 0.39; P < 0.01). Similarly, a negative and significant correlation (p < 0.01) was noted between BMI, TT, TNF, CRPhs and ADP. The optimal threshold value of the total ADP for predicting IR was 17.52 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 89% [IC 95% (0.83-0.95)], 56% specificity [IC 95% (0.47-0.65)] and a CSA of 0.76 [IC 95% (0.69-0.81)]. After logistic regression, the CSA of the optimized model was 0.84 [IC 95% (0.79-0.89)]. ADP can be used as a highly plausible IR prediction biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.,Lomo University of Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Etienne Mokondjimobe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.,Lomo University of Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Henry Germain Monabeka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.,University Hospital Centre, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Donatien Moukassa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.,General Hospital Edith Lucie Bongo Ondimba, Oyo, Republic of the Congo
| | - Ange Antoine Abena
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Venant Tchokonte-Nana
- Lomo University of Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Santos JL, Cortés VA. Eating behaviour in contrasting adiposity phenotypes: Monogenic obesity and congenital generalized lipodystrophy. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13114. [PMID: 33030294 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most known types of nonsyndromic monogenic obesity are caused by rare mutations in genes of the leptin-melanocortin pathway controlling appetite and adiposity. In contrast, congenital generalized lipodystrophy represents the most extreme form of leanness in humans caused by recessive mutations in four genes involved in phospholipid/triglyceride synthesis and lipid droplet/caveolae structure. In this disease, the inability to store triglyceride in adipocytes results in hypoleptinemia and ectopic hepatic and muscle fat accumulation leading to fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia and severe insulin resistance. As a result of hypoleptinemia, patients with lipodystrophy show alterations in eating behaviour characterized by constant increased energy intake. As it occurs in obesity caused by genetic leptin deficiency, exogenous leptin rapidly reduces hunger scores in patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy, with additional beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profile normalization. The melanocortin-4 receptor agonist setmelanotide has been used in the treatment of monogenic obesities. There is only one report on the effect of setmelanotide in a patient with partial lipodystrophy resulting in mild reductions in hunger scores, with no improvements in metabolic status. The assessment of contrasting phenotypes of obesity/leanness represents an adequate strategy to understand the pathophysiology and altered eating behaviour associated with adipose tissue excessive accumulation/paucity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José L Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor A Cortés
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yaribeygi H, Maleki M, Atkin SL, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Impact of Incretin-Based Therapies on Adipokines and Adiponectin. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:3331865. [PMID: 34660808 PMCID: PMC8516550 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3331865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are a family of hormones and cytokines with both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects released into the circulation to exert their hormonal effects. Adipokines are closely involved in most metabolic pathways and play an important modulatory role in lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis as they are involved in the pathophysiology of most metabolic disorders. Incretin-based therapy is a newly introduced class of antidiabetic drugs that restores euglycemia through several cellular processes; however, its effect on adipokines expression/secretion is not fully understood. In this review, we propose that incretin-based therapy may function through adipokine modulation that may result in pharmacologic properties beyond their direct antidiabetic effects, resulting in better management of diabetes and diabetes-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mina Maleki
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rodriguez-Ayala E, Gallegos-Cabrales EC, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Laviada-Molina HA, Salinas-Osornio RA, Nava-Gonzalez EJ, Leal-Berumen I, Escudero-Lourdes C, Escalante-Araiza F, Buenfil-Rello FA, Peschard VG, Laviada-Nagel A, Silva E, Veloz-Garza RA, Martinez-Hernandez A, Barajas-Olmos FM, Molina-Segui F, Gonzalez-Ramirez L, Espadas-Olivera R, Lopez-Muñoz R, Arjona-Villicaña RD, Hernandez-Escalante VM, Rodriguez-Arellano ME, Gaytan-Saucedo JF, Vaquera Z, Acebo-Martinez M, Cornejo-Barrera J, Jancy Andrea HQ, Castillo-Pineda JC, Murillo-Ramirez A, Diaz-Tena SP, Figueroa-Nuñez B, Valencia-Rendon ME, Garzon-Zamora R, Viveros-Paredes JM, Ángeles-Chimal J, Santa-Olalla Tapia J, Remes-Troche JM, Valdovinos-Chavez SB, Huerta-Avila EE, Lopez-Alvarenga JC, Comuzzie AG, Haack K, Han X, Orozco L, Weintraub S, Kent JW, Cole SA, Bastarrachea RA. Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. Adipocyte 2020; 9:153-169. [PMID: 32272872 PMCID: PMC7153654 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2020.1743116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | | | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - Rocio A. Salinas-Osornio
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - Irene Leal-Berumen
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México
| | | | - Fabiola Escalante-Araiza
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Fatima A. Buenfil-Rello
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa-Giselle Peschard
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Antonio Laviada-Nagel
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eliud Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Rosa A. Veloz-Garza
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Angelica Martinez-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Francisco M. Barajas-Olmos
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Lopez-Muñoz
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Victor M. Hernandez-Escalante
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Janeth F. Gaytan-Saucedo
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zoila Vaquera
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Judith Cornejo-Barrera
- Departamento de Enseñanza, Postgrado e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de Tamaulipas, Ciudad, México
| | - Huertas-Quintero Jancy Andrea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sara P. Diaz-Tena
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia, México
| | | | | | - Rafael Garzon-Zamora
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - José Ángeles-Chimal
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - José M. Remes-Troche
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Eira E. Huerta-Avila
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga
- School of Medicine & South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Department of Medicine, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jack W. Kent
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Raul A. Bastarrachea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He C, Ruan F, Jiang S, Zeng J, Yin H, Liu R, Zhang Y, Huang L, Wang C, Ma S, Zuo Z. Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots Cause Nephrotoxicity in Organoids, Mice, and Human Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001371. [PMID: 32338439 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) have numerous potential applications in lighting, engineering, and biomedicine. QDs are mainly excreted through the kidney due to their ultrasmall sizes; thus, the kidneys are target organs of QD toxicity. Here, an organoid screening platform is established and used to study the nephrotoxicity of QDs. Organoids are templated from monodisperse microfluidic Matrigel droplets and found to be homogeneous in both tissue structure and functional recapitulation within a population and suitable for the quantitative screening of toxic doses. Kidney organoids are proved displaying higher sensitivity than 2D-cultured cell lines. Similar to metal-containing QDs, black phosphorus (BP)-QDs are found to have moderate toxicity in the kidney organoids. The nephrotoxicity of BP-QDs are validated in both mice and human renal tubular epithelial cells. BP-QDs are also found to cause insulin insensitivity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the kidney. Furthermore, ER stress-related IRE1α signaling is shown to mediate renal toxicity and insulin insensitivity caused by BP-QDs. In summary, this work demonstrates the use of constructed kidney organoids as 3D high-throughput screening tools to assess nanosafety and further illuminates the effects and molecular mechanisms of BP-QD nephrotoxicity. The findings will hopefully enable improvement of the safety of BP-QD applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Fengkai Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Shengwei Jiang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Hanying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Laiqiang Huang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Letra L, Matafome P, Rodrigues T, Duro D, Lemos R, Baldeiras I, Patrício M, Castelo-Branco M, Caetano G, Seiça R, Santana I. Association between Adipokines and Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:725-735. [PMID: 30689587 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. However, the involvement of adipokines, particularly adiponectin, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To compare serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of adiponectin, leptin and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio in patients within the spectrum of Alzheimer's disease and evaluate their relationship with classical biomarkers and their value as markers of progression. METHODS Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 71) and Alzheimer's dementia (AD, n = 53) subjects were consecutively recruited for serum and CSF adiponectin and leptin determination using an analytically validated commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations were explored using adjusted Spearman's correlation coefficients. A logistic regression model and ROC analysis were performed to evaluate the staging predictive value of adipokines. RESULTS Serum adiponectin was 33% higher in AD when compared to MCI patients. Adiponectin CSF levels, similar in both groups, were positively correlated with Aβ42 and cognitive function, though only in women. The area under the ROC curve was 0.673 (95% CI:0.57-0.78) for serum adiponectin as predictor of dementia stage and the cut-off 10.85μg/ml maximized the sum of specificity (87%) and sensitivity (44%). CONCLUSION Although longitudinal studies are required, we hypothesize that higher serum adiponectin in AD patients constitutes a strategy to compensate possible central signaling defects. In addition, adiponectin might be specifically assigned to neuroprotective functions in women and eventually involved in the female-biased incidence of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Letra
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Duro
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Lemos
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gina Caetano
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Researh (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santana
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Insulin Resistance Modifies the Effects of Omega-3 Acid Ethyl Esters on Left Ventricular Remodeling After Acute Myocardial Infarction (from the OMEGA-REMODEL Randomized Clinical Trial). Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:678-684. [PMID: 31948661 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance early after acute myocardial infarction is associated with increased heart failure and mortality. OMEGA-REMODEL was a prospective double-blind 1:1 randomized control trial of patients with AMI. We reported that 6-month treatment with omega-3 fatty acid (O-3FA) 4 g/day attenuated cardiac remodeling accompanied by reduction in inflammation. We hypothesized that insulin resistance modifies the therapeutic effect of O-3FA on post-MI cardiac remodeling. The OMEGA-REMODEL study group was dichotomized according to cohort- and gender-specific median cutoff value of leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) at baseline (LAR-Hi vs LAR-Lo). Mixed model regression analyses were used to evaluate effect modification of O-3FA on reduction of left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) by LAR status. Baseline LAR was evaluated on 325 patients (59 ± 11 years, 81% male). A total of 168 patients were categorized in LAR-Lo, and 157 in LAR-Hi. O-3FA treatment resulted in significant LVESVI reduction in patients with LAR-Lo but not with LAR-Hi (p = 0.0002 vs 0.66, respectively). Mixed model regression analysis showed significant modification of LAR on O-3FA's treatment effect in attenuating LVESVI (p = 0.021). In conclusion, this post-hoc efficacy analysis suggests that LAR status significantly modified O-3FA's treatment effect in attenuating cardiac remodeling. During the convalescent phase of acute infarct healing, patients with lower insulin resistance estimated by LAR appear to derive more therapeutic response from O-3FA toward improvement of LVESVI.
Collapse
|
15
|
Bravo C, Santos JL, Castillo G, Olivares G, Parada J. Microstructure of starch-based meals with either palm or soybean oils alter in vitro starch digestibility with no major effects on glycaemic responses. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:604-613. [PMID: 31746260 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1693521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycaemic response (GR) to starch-based meals depends on their food composition and microstructure. We studied the effect of palm and soybean oils on the microstructure of a solid starch-oil-gluten matrix, on the starch gelatinisation and in vitro digestibility. Additionally, a pilot cross-over study was carried out to assess GR after eating gelatinised starch/gluten-based foods with the addition of either palm or soybean oil in 8 young non-diabetic female volunteers (ISRCTN39636850). Both types of foods generated similar starch gelatinisation temperature. Starch/gluten-based food with soybean oil had rougher microstructure compared to food with palm oil, showing a higher initial and lower final in vitro digestion. Administration of starch/gluten-based meals with either palm or soybean oils to volunteers show very similar postprandial glucose or insulin responses. In conclusion, differences in fatty acid composition changes food microstructure and in vitro starch digestibility, with no major effects on glycaemic responses in female volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bravo
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José L Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriel Castillo
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Gabriela Olivares
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Javier Parada
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cataldo LR, Suazo J, Olmos P, Bravo C, Galgani JE, Fex M, Martínez JA, Santos JL. Platelet Serotonin Levels Are Associated with Plasma Soluble Leptin Receptor Concentrations in Normoglycemic Women. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:2714049. [PMID: 31192261 PMCID: PMC6525868 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2714049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT)) is synthetized in the gut with platelets being its main circulating reservoir. 5HT is acting as a hormone in key organs to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the relation between platelet 5HT levels and traits related to glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in humans remains poorly explored. The objectives of this study were (a) to assess the association between platelet 5HT levels and plasma concentration of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and some adipokines including leptin and its soluble leptin receptor (sOb-R), (b) to assess the association between platelet 5HT levels and anthropometric traits and indexes of insulin secretion/sensitivity derived from oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and (c) to evaluate changes in platelet 5HT levels in response to OGTT. In a cross-sectional study, 59 normoglycemic women underwent a standard 2-hour OGTT. Plasma leptin, sOb-R, total and high molecular weight adiponectin, TNFα, and MCP1 were determined by immunoassays. Platelet 5HT levels and NEFAs were measured before and after OGTT. The free leptin index was calculated from leptin and sOb-R measurements. Insulin sensitivity indexes derived from OGTT (HOMA-S and Matsuda ISICOMP) and plasma NEFAs (Adipose-IR, Revised QUICKI) were also calculated. Our data show that among metabolic traits, platelet 5HT levels were associated with plasma sOb-R (r = 0.39, p = 0.003, corrected p = 0.018). Platelet 5HT levels were reduced in response to OGTT (779 ± 237 vs.731 ± 217 ng/109 platelets, p = 0.005). In conclusion, platelet 5HT levels are positively associated with plasma sOb-R concentrations and reduced in response to glucose intake possibly indicating a role of peripheral 5HT in leptin-mediated appetite regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Rodrigo Cataldo
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - José Suazo
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Olmos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Bravo
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José E. Galgani
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Health Sciences, Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Malin Fex
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- IMDEA-Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tan H, Chen W, Liu Q, Yang G, Li K. Pectin Oligosaccharides Ameliorate Colon Cancer by Regulating Oxidative Stress- and Inflammation-Activated Signaling Pathways. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1504. [PMID: 30013563 PMCID: PMC6036268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is the third common neoplasm worldwide, and it is still a big challenge for exploring new effective medicine for treating CC. Natural product promoting human health has become a hot topic and attracted many researchers recently. Pectin, a complex polysaccharide in plant cell wall, mainly consists of four major types of polysaccharides: homogalacturonan, xylogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan I and II, all of which can be degraded into various pectin oligosaccharides (POS) and may provide abundant resource for exploring potential anticancer drugs. POS have been regarded as a novel class of potential functional food with multiple health-promoting properties. POS have antibacterial activities against some aggressive and recurrent bacterial infection and exert beneficial immunomodulation for controlling CC risk. However, the molecular functional role of POS in the prevention of CC risk and progression remains doubtful. The review focuses on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of POS for promoting human health by regulating some potential oxidative and inflammation-activated pathways, such as ATP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. The activation of these signaling pathways increases the antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities, which will result in the apoptosis of CC cells or in the prevention of CC risk and progression. Thus, POS may inhibit CC development by affecting antioxidant and antiinflammatory signaling pathways AMPK, Nrf2, and NF-κB. However, POS also can activate signal transduction and transcriptional activator 1 and 3 signaling pathway, which will reduce antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and promote CC progression. Specific structural and structurally modified POS may be associated with their functions and should be deeply explored in the future. The present review paper lacks the important information for the linkage between the specific structure of POS and its function. To further explore the effects of prebiotic potential of POS and their derivatives on human immunomodulation in the prevention of CC, the specific POS with a certain degree of polymerization or purified polymers are highly demanded to be performed in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Tan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Qishun Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Guojun Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Kuikui Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|