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Liabeuf G, Saguez R, Márquez C, Angel B, Bravo-Sagua R, Albala C. Decreased mitochondrial respiration associates with frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1301433. [PMID: 38778912 PMCID: PMC11110568 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1301433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging population has led to an increased prevalence of chronic and degenerative pathologies. A manifestation of unhealthy aging is frailty, a geriatric syndrome that implies a non-specific state of greater vulnerability. Currently, methods for frailty diagnosis are based exclusively on clinical observation. The aim of this study is to determine whether the bioenergetic capacity defined as mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of peripheral circulation mononuclear cells (PBMC) associates with the frailty phenotype in older adults and with their nutritional status. This is a cross-sectional analytic study of 58 participants 70 years and older, 18 frail and 40 non-frail adults, from the ALEXANDROS cohort study, previously described. Participants were characterized through sociodemographic and anthropometric assessments. Frail individuals displayed a higher frequency of osteoporosis and depression. The mean age of the participants was 80.2 ± 5.2 years, similar in both groups of men and women. Regarding the nutritional status defined as the body mass index, most non-frail individuals were normal or overweight, while frail participants were mostly overweight or obese. We observed that OCR was significantly decreased in frail men (p < 0.01). Age was also associated with significant differences in oxygen consumption in frail patients, with lower oxygen consumption being observed in those over 80 years of age. Therefore, the use of PBMC can result in an accessible fingerprint that may identify initial stages of frailty in a minimally invasive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianella Liabeuf
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Saguez
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Márquez
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara Angel
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interuniversitario de Envejecimiento Saludable RED21993, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interuniversitario de Envejecimiento Saludable RED21993, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Albala
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Interuniversitario de Envejecimiento Saludable RED21993, Santiago, Chile
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Amick KA, Mahapatra G, Gao Z, Dewitt A, Craft S, Jain M, Molina AJA. Plasma glycocholic acid and linoleic acid identified as potential mediators of mitochondrial bioenergetics in Alzheimer's dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:954090. [PMID: 36212044 PMCID: PMC9540364 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.954090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial bioenergetic alterations occur in the brain and peripheral cells of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study focuses on plasma circulating factors, namely lipids, as mediators of systemic bioenergetic differences in participants with normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia due to probable AD (DEM). We examined bioenergetic differences across cognitive groups by measuring the mitochondrial respiration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 37 participants (12 NC, 12 MCI, 13 DEM). PBMC bioenergetics were lower in the DEM group compared to the NC group. To determine whether circulating factors can mediate bioenergetic differences according to cognitive status, we exposed naïve neuronal Neuro-2a (N2a) cells to plasma from each participant in vitro. N2a bioenergetics were lower following plasma exposure from DEM compared to NC group participants. Notably, PBMC Max and N2a Max positively correlated, suggesting that circulating factors modulate the bioenergetics of naïve N2a cells according to the bioenergetic capacity of donor primary PBMCs. To identify lipid metabolites that may contribute to bioenergetic differences between cognitive groups, we performed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess the abundance of individual lipid species and correlated PBMC and N2a bioenergetics. Glycocholic acid (GCA) positively correlated with PBMC and N2a bioenergetics, while linoleic acid (LA) was negatively correlated. These data suggest that GCA and LA may contribute to the stimulatory and inhibitory bioenergetics effects related to cognitive status. Post hoc analyses revealed that GCA abundance was lower by 52.9% in the DEM group compared to the NC group and that LA abundance was higher by 55.7% in the DEM group compared to the NC group. To validate these findings, we examined the abundance of GCA and LA in the larger, more diverse, parent cohort (n = 378) and found similar results; GCA abundance was lower by 29.7% in the DEM group compared to the NC group and LA abundance was higher by 17.8% in the DEM group compared to the NC group. These data demonstrate that circulating factors have a direct effect on mitochondrial bioenergetics and that individual circulating factors identified to be associated with mitochondrial function are differentially expressed in patients with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Allison Amick
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Gargi Mahapatra
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Zhengrong Gao
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Amber Dewitt
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Anthony J. A. Molina
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Ghosh C, Westcott R, Perucca E, Hossain M, Bingaman W, Najm I. Cytochrome P450-mediated antiseizure medication interactions influence apoptosis, modulate the brain BAX/Bcl-X L ratio and aggravate mitochondrial stressors in human pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:983233. [PMID: 36515436 PMCID: PMC9441576 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.983233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polytherapy with antiseizure medications (ASMs) is often used to control seizures in patients suffering from epilepsy, where about 30% of patients are pharmacoresistant. While drug combinations are intended to be beneficial, the consequence of CYP-dependent drug interactions on apoptotic protein levels and mitochondrial function in the epileptic brain remains unclear. We examined the interactions of ASMs given prior to surgery in surgically resected brain tissues and of three ASMs (lacosamide, LCM; oxcarbazepine, OXC; levetiracetam LEV) in isolated brain cells from patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (n = 23). We divided the patients into groups-those who took combinations of NON-CYP + CYP substrate ASMs, NON-CYP + CYP inducer ASMs, CYP substrate + CYP substrate or CYP substrate + CYP inducer ASMs-to study the 1) pro- and anti-apoptotic protein levels and other apoptotic signaling proteins and levels of reactive oxygen species (reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation) in brain tissues; 2) cytotoxicity at blood-brain barrier epileptic endothelial cells (EPI-ECs) and subsequent changes in mitochondrial membrane potential in normal neuronal cells, following treatment with LCM + OXC (CYP substrate + CYP inducer) or LCM + LEV (CYP substrate + NON-CYP-substrate) after blood-brain barrier penetration, and 3) apoptotic and mitochondrial protein targets in the cells, pre-and post-CYP3A4 inhibition by ketoconazole and drug treatments. We found an increased BAX (pro-apoptotic)/Bcl-XL (anti-apoptotic) protein ratio in epileptic brain tissue after treatment with CYP substrate + CYP substrate or inducer compared to NON-CYP + CYP substrate or inducer, and subsequently decreased glutathione and elevated lipid peroxidation levels. Further, increased cytotoxicity and Mito-ID levels, indicative of compromised mitochondrial membrane potential, were observed after treatment of LCM + OXC in combination compared to LCM + LEV or these ASMs alone in EPI-ECs, which was attenuated by pre-treatment of CYP inhibitor, ketoconazole. A combination of two CYP-mediated ASMs on EPI-ECs resulted in elevated caspase-3 and cytochrome c with decreased SIRT3 levels and activity, which was rescued by CYP inhibition. Together, the study highlights for the first time that pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins levels are dependent on ASM combinations in epilepsy, modulated via a CYP-mediated mechanism that controls free radicals, cytotoxicity and mitochondrial activity. These findings lead to a better understanding of future drug selection choices offsetting pharmacodynamic CYP-mediated interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cerebrovascular Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Rosemary Westcott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cerebrovascular Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Emilio Perucca
- Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australia and Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohammed Hossain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cerebrovascular Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - William Bingaman
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Imad Najm
- Australia and Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Lehrer HM, Chu LE, Hall MH, Murdock KW. Self-reported sleep efficiency and duration are associated with bioenergetic function in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of adults. Mitochondrion 2022; 62:122-127. [PMID: 34785262 PMCID: PMC8724413 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Poor sleep may impair systemic mitochondrial bioenergetics, but this relationship has not been examined in humans. This study examined associations of self-reported sleep with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) bioenergetics in adults. Forty-three participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index from which sleep indices were calculated. PBMCs were analyzed for bioenergetics using extracellular flux analysis. Sleep efficiency was positively correlated with maximal respiration and spare capacity. Lower sleep efficiency and longer sleep duration were associated with lower Bioenergetic Health Index in age-, sex-, and body mass index-adjusted models. Findings indicate that sleep is related to systemic bioenergetic function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Matthew Lehrer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren E. Chu
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Martica H. Hall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle W. Murdock
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Acin-Perez R, Benincá C, Shabane B, Shirihai OS, Stiles L. Utilization of Human Samples for Assessment of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Gold Standards, Limitations, and Future Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:949. [PMID: 34575097 PMCID: PMC8467772 DOI: 10.3390/life11090949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial bioenergetic function is a central component of cellular metabolism in health and disease. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is critical for maintaining energetic homeostasis, and impairment of mitochondrial function underlies the development and progression of metabolic diseases and aging. However, measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetic function can be challenging in human samples due to limitations in the size of the collected sample. Furthermore, the collection of samples from human cohorts is often spread over multiple days and locations, which makes immediate sample processing and bioenergetics analysis challenging. Therefore, sample selection and choice of tests should be carefully considered. Basic research, clinical trials, and mitochondrial disease diagnosis rely primarily on skeletal muscle samples. However, obtaining skeletal muscle biopsies requires an appropriate clinical setting and specialized personnel, making skeletal muscle a less suitable tissue for certain research studies. Circulating white blood cells and platelets offer a promising primary tissue alternative to biopsies for the study of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Recent advances in frozen respirometry protocols combined with the utilization of minimally invasive and non-invasive samples may provide promise for future mitochondrial research studies in humans. Here we review the human samples commonly used for the measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetics with a focus on the advantages and limitations of each sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Acin-Perez
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cristiane Benincá
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Byourak Shabane
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (C.B.); (B.S.); (O.S.S.)
- Metabolism Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Braganza A, Annarapu GK, Shiva S. Blood-based bioenergetics: An emerging translational and clinical tool. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 71:100835. [PMID: 31864667 PMCID: PMC7031032 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies demonstrate that mitochondrial genetics and function are central to determining the susceptibility to, and prognosis of numerous diseases across all organ systems. Despite this recognition, mitochondrial function remains poorly characterized in humans primarily due to the invasiveness of obtaining viable tissue for mitochondrial studies. Recent studies have begun to test the hypothesis that circulating blood cells, which can be obtained by minimally invasive methodology, can be utilized as a biomarker of systemic bioenergetic function in human populations. Here we present the available methodologies for assessing blood cell bioenergetics and review studies that have applied these techniques to healthy and disease populations. We focus on the validation of this methodology in healthy subjects, as well as studies testing whether blood cell bioenergetics are altered in disease, correlate with clinical parameters, and compare with other methodology for assessing human mitochondrial function. Finally, we present the challenges and goals for the development of this emerging approach into a tool for translational research and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Braganza
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gowtham K Annarapu
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine (C3M), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Ost M, Doerrier C, Gama-Perez P, Moreno-Gomez S. Analysis of mitochondrial respiratory function in tissue biopsies and blood cells. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2018; 21:336-342. [PMID: 29939971 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review provides an overview on latest methodological strategies to assess mitochondrial respiratory function in tissue biopsies or blood cells. In addition, it summarizes the recent literature related to this topic. RECENT FINDINGS Today, the study of mitochondrial function in key metabolic active tissues has been become more relevant, with increasing focus in clinical applications. In addition, assessment of mitochondrial function in blood cells by respirometry might be a sensitive biomarker of disease progression. High-Resolution Respirometry provides a modern tool to study mitochondrial respiratory physiology which allows direct measurement of cellular metabolic function during health and disease. Moreover, standard operating procedures are required regarding instrumental settings, sample collection and preparation, protocol design and respirometric data analysis of mitochondrial respiratory function in tissue biopsies (such as skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue), as well as isolated blood cells. SUMMARY Mitochondrial function is a key factor in many metabolic diseases. Although various analytical approaches are available, certain well-established protocols for isolated mitochondria are limited for the analysis of mitochondrial function in tissue biopsies or blood cells. Thus, cautious considerations in selecting appropriate protocols and analytical endpoints are crucial for the interpretation of the gained data and to draw robust conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ost
- Department of Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Pau Gama-Perez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Gomez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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