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Xu H, Yu S, Lin C, Dong D, Xiao J, Ye Y, Wang M. Roles of flavonoids in ischemic heart disease: Cardioprotective effects and mechanisms against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155409. [PMID: 38342018 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are extensively present in fruits, vegetables, grains, and medicinal plants. Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) comprise a sequence of detrimental incidents following myocardial ischemia. Research indicates that flavonoids have the potential to act as cardioprotective agents against MI/R injuries. Several specific flavonoids, e.g., luteolin, hesperidin, quercetin, kaempferol, and puerarin, have demonstrated cardioprotective activities in animal models. PURPOSE The objective of this review is to identify the cardioprotective flavonoids, investigate their mechanisms of action, and explore their application in myocardial ischemia. METHODS A search of PubMed database and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords "myocardial ischemia" and "flavonoids". Studies published within the last 10 years reporting on the cardioprotective effects of natural flavonoids on animal models were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 55 natural flavonoids were identified and discussed within this review. It can be summarized that flavonoids regulate the following main strategies: antioxidation, anti-inflammation, calcium modulation, mitochondrial protection, ER stress inhibition, anti-apoptosis, ferroptosis inhibition, autophagy modulation, and inhibition of adverse cardiac remodeling. Additionally, the number and position of OH, 3'4'-catechol, C2=C3, and C4=O may play a significant role in the cardioprotective activity of flavonoids. CONCLUSION This review serves as a reference for designing a daily diet to prevent or reduce damages following ischemia and screening of flavonoids for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China
| | - Shenglong Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Chunxi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Dingjun Dong
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, PR China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense, Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yanbin Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China.
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Lin QR, Jia LQ, Lei M, Gao D, Zhang N, Sha L, Liu XH, Liu YD. Natural products as pharmacological modulators of mitochondrial dysfunctions for the treatment of diabetes and its complications: An update since 2010. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107054. [PMID: 38181858 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes, characterized as a well-known chronic metabolic syndrome, with its associated complications pose a substantial and escalating health and healthcare challenge on a global scale. Current strategies addressing diabetes are mainly symptomatic and there are fewer available curative pharmaceuticals for diabetic complications. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify novel pharmacological targets and agents. The impaired mitochondria have been associated with the etiology of diabetes and its complications, and the intervention of mitochondrial dysfunction represents an attractive breakthrough point for the treatments of diabetes and its complications. Natural products (NPs), with multicenter characteristics, multi-pharmacological activities and lower toxicity, have been caught attentions as the modulators of mitochondrial functions in the therapeutical filed of diabetes and its complications. This review mainly summarizes the recent progresses on the potential of 39 NPs and 2 plant-extracted mixtures to improve mitochondrial dysfunction against diabetes and its complications. It is expected that this work may be useful to accelerate the development of innovative drugs originated from NPs and improve upcoming therapeutics in diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ru Lin
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Lian-Qun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Di Gao
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Lei Sha
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xu-Han Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, China.
| | - Yu-Dan Liu
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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Pan Y, Lin T, Shao L, Zhang Y, Han Q, Sheng L, Guo R, Sun T, Zhang Y. Lignin/Puerarin Nanoparticle-Incorporated Hydrogel Improves Angiogenesis through Puerarin-Induced Autophagy Activation. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5095-5117. [PMID: 37705868 PMCID: PMC10496927 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s412835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Puerarin is the main isoflavone extracted from Radix Puerariae lobata (Willd.) and exerts a strong protective effect on endothelial cells. This isoflavone also exerts proven angiogenic effects; however, the potential underlying mechanism has not been fully explored. Here in this work, we aimed to determine the proangiogenesis effect of a puerarin-attached lignin nanoparticle-incorporated hydrogel and explore the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods Puerarin-attached lignin nanoparticles were fabricated and mixed with the GelMA hydrogel. After the hydrogel was characterized, the angiogenic effect was evaluated in a mouse hind-limb ischemia model. To further explore the mechanism of angiogenesis, human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 was exposure to different concentrations of puerarin. Wound healing assays and tube formation assays were used to investigate the effects of puerarin on cell migration and angiogenesis. qPCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the changes in the levels of angiogenesis indicators, autophagy indicators and PPARβ/δ. 3-MA was used to assess the role of autophagy in the puerarin-mediated angiogenesis effect in vivo and in vitro. Results The hydrogel significantly improved blood flow restoration in mice with hind-limb ischemia. This effect was mainly due to puerarin-mediated increases in the angiogenic capacity of endothelial cells and the promotion of autophagy activation. A potential underlying mechanism might be that puerarin-mediated activation of autophagy could induce an increase in PPARβ/δ expression. Conclusion The puerarin-attached lignin nanoparticle-incorporated hydrogel effectively alleviated blood perfusion in mice with hind-limb ischemia. Puerarin has a prominent proangiogenic effect. The potential mechanisms might be that puerarin-mediated autophagy activation and increase in PPARβ/δ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjing Pan
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianci Lin
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Han
- Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Sheng
- Shenzhen Institute, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518057, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
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Fan C, Wang Q, Chen Y, Ye T, Fan Y. Puerarin from Pueraria lobate attenuates ischemia-induced cardiac injuries and inflammation in vitro and in vivo: The key role of miR-130a-5p/HMGB2 pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:952-961. [PMID: 36601671 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cardiovascular disease and puerarin (Pue) is an active compound from Pueraria lobate with cardio-protective potential. In the current study, the mechanism underlying the cardio-protective effects of Pue was explored by focusing miR-130a-5p/HMGB2 pathway. MiR expression profile was determined and myocardial infarction was induced in cardiomyocytes and rats, which was treated with Pue. The role of miR-130a-5p and downstream HMGB2/NF-κB axis in the cardio-protective effects of Pue was also explored. Pue increased viability and suppressed inflammation in OGD cardiomyocytes, which was associated with the deactivation of HMGB2/NF-κB pathway. After the suppression of miR-130a-5p, the cardio-protective effects of Pue were compromised. In rat models, Pue attenuated structure deterioration and inflammatory response in heart. At the molecular level, miR-130a-5p was up-regulated, and HMGB2 were down-regulated. It was demonstrated that Pue induced the expression of miR-130a-5p, which suppressed the activity of HMGB2/NF-κB, contributing to the attenuation of infarct heart tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Qizeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Youjin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Yuncao Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
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Li Z, Fan Y, Huang C, Liu Q, Huang M, Chen B, Peng Z, Zhu W, Ding B. Efficacy and safety of Puerarin injection on acute heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:934598. [PMID: 35958424 PMCID: PMC9357890 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.934598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the adjunctive efficacy and safety of Puerarin injection (PI) on acute heart failure (AHF) based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Nine databases were searched from March 1990 to March 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the adjunctive treatment of PI for AHF. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Meta-analysis and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted by RevMan 5.3 software. The evidence’s certainty was evaluated by grading recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) methods. Results A total of 8 studies were included with a total of 614 patients with AHF. The meta-analysis demonstrated that adjunctive treatment with PI on AHF was superior to conventional medicine alone. It increased the total effective rate (RR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.22–1.55; p < 0.001) and improved left ventricular ejection fraction [SMD = 0.85; 95% CI (0.62, 1.09); p < 0.001]. Regarding safety, a total of 11.9% (23/194) adverse reactions were observed in the PI group and 9.8% (19/194) adverse reactions in the control group, and there were no significant differences in the incident rate of adverse events between both groups [RR = 1.16; 95% CI (0.66–2.05); p = 0.061]. The outcomes’ evidentiary quality was assessed as “moderate.” Conclusion PI had an adjunctive effect on AHF combined with conventional medicine, and it seemed to be safe and more effective than the conventional medical treatment alone for improving the total clinical effective rate and left ventricular ejection fraction. But further well-designed RCTs are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of XBP in treating AHF due to the poor methodological quality of the included RCTs. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=327636], identifier [CRD42022327636].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunjiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanle Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manhua Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baijian Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhu,
| | - Banghan Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Banghan Ding,
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Yang W, Gao B, Qin L, Wang X. Puerarin improves skeletal muscle strength by regulating gut microbiota in young adult rats. J Orthop Translat 2022; 35:87-98. [PMID: 36196075 PMCID: PMC9508383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle dysfunction syndrome that is lacking validated treatments. Maximizing muscle strength in young adulthood may be a promising way to prevent sarcopenia in the elderly. The phytomolecule puerarin has been extensively used in clinical practice and reported to increase energy metabolism in skeletal muscle by directly targeting the skeletal muscle fiber. However, the bioavailability of puerarin is very poor, and almost 93% of puerarin stays in the intestine until excretion. Therefore, we hypothesize that puerarin may regulate gut microbiota to improve skeletal muscle strength and/or mass in adults. Methods Twenty three-month old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups according to average weights, puerarin group (puerarin dissolved in 0.5% CMC-Na, 150 mg/kg/day, N = 10), and control group (equal volume 0.5% CMC-Na, N = 10). The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Muscle weight, muscle fiber types and cross-sectional area (CSA), ex vivo muscle contraction test and grip strength were measured. 16S rDNA sequencing was employed to evaluate the gut microbiota composition in the sample of cecal content. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecal and serum were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration in skeletal muscle was also detected. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the relations between SCFAs, ATP concentration and muscle function. Results After puerarin treatment, grip strength, the specific twitch force, and the tetanic forces in the soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle were significantly higher than those of the control group. The percentage and CSA of type II muscle fiber in EDL was higher in the puerarin group than those in the control group. Puerarin treatment significantly changed the gut microbial constitutes. Two SCFAs-productive microbiota, the families Peptococcaceae and Closteridiales, were significantly higher in the puerarin group than those in the control group, while the ratio of Prevotellaceae/Bacteroidaceae (P/B), a muscle atrophy indicator, was lower in the puerarin group. As expected, there were significant linear correlations between the concentrations of SCFAs, including cecal total SCFAs, serum n-butyric acid and total SCFAs, and skeletal muscle strength and function, including the twitch force and tetanic force of SOL and EDL, as well as the forelimb grip strength. Conclusion In conclusion, puerarin improved the forelimb grip strength and muscle contraction function in young adult rats. The underlying mechanism may include that puerarin increased SCFAs production by regulating gut microbiota, augmented ATP synthesis and skeletal muscle strength. The translational potential of this article: Our study finds that a clinical used phytomolecule puerarin has the potential of improving skeletal muscle strength in young adult rats. As puerarin has long-term clinical experience and shows good safety, it might be a potential candidate for developing muscle strengthening agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Yang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Laboratory of Chinese Academic of Science and Hong Kong for Biomaterials of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bimin Gao
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Laboratory of Chinese Academic of Science and Hong Kong for Biomaterials of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Joint Laboratory of Chinese Academic of Science and Hong Kong for Biomaterials of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Joint Laboratory of Chinese Academic of Science and Hong Kong for Biomaterials of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
- Corresponding author. Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Novel and Highly Soluble Puerarin Glucoside by Deinococcus geothermalis Amylosucrase. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134074. [PMID: 35807322 PMCID: PMC9268652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin (daidzein-8-C-glucoside) is an isoflavone isolated from several leguminous plants of the genus Pueraria. Puerarin possesses several pharmacological properties; however, the poor solubility of puerarin limits its applications. To resolve this poor solubility, Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS) was used to modify puerarin into more soluble derivatives. The results showed that DgAS could biotransform puerarin into a novel compound: puerarin-4′-O-α-glucoside. The biotransformation reaction was manipulated at different temperatures, pH values, sucrose concentrations, reaction times, and enzyme concentrations. The results showed that the optimal reaction condition was biotransformed by 200 μg/mL DgAS with 20% (w/v) sucrose at pH 6 and incubated at 40 °C for 48 h, and the optimal production yield was 35.1%. Puerarin-4′-O-α-glucoside showed 129-fold higher solubility than that of puerarin and, thus, could be further applied for pharmacological use in the future.
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Analysis of the Characteristics of Dominant Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine: Based on 95 Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6972663. [PMID: 35707474 PMCID: PMC9192295 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6972663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used all over the world and has shown its superiority in some diseases. However, there are no clear evaluation criteria for TCM. In 2019, a list of TCM dominant diseases was published by the Chinese National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. This study aimed to systematically summarize the characteristics of 95 TCM dominant diseases and provide a reference for the establishment of evaluation criteria for TCM dominant diseases. Methods The diagnosis and treatment protocols of all the 95 TCM dominant diseases were screened. The data of disease classification, diseases' code of TCM, length of hospital stay, treatment protocols, and clinical pathways were reviewed and summarized. Results The diseases of the genitourinary and nervous systems accounted for 14.74% and 12.73% of the TCM dominant diseases, respectively. The length of hospital stay for 55 (57.89%) diseases was no more than less than 14 days. Each disease had its specific Chinese herbal decoction pieces and Chinese patent drugs. Chinese medical injections were not widely used. TCM external treatments for these diseases are abundant, with hundreds optional. Conclusion Some potentially promising TCM dominant diseases remain to be identified and deserve further research to establish the evaluation criteria of TCM dominant diseases.
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Jiang Z, Cui X, Qu P, Shang C, Xiang M, Wang J. Roles and mechanisms of puerarin on cardiovascular disease:A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Zhang S, Jiang M, Yan S, Liang M, Wang W, Yuan B, Xu Q. Network Pharmacology-Based and Experimental Identification of the Effects of Paeoniflorin on Major Depressive Disorder. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:793012. [PMID: 35185541 PMCID: PMC8847686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, the diagnosis and treatment of MDD are major clinical issues. However, there is a lack of effective biomarkers and drugs diagnosis and therapeutics of MDD. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis combined with an experimental verification strategy was used to identify biomarkers and paeoniflorin targets for MDD diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Based on network pharmacology, we obtained potential targets and pathways of paeoniflorin as an antidepressant through multiple databases. We then constructed a protein-protein interaction network and performed enrichment analyses. According to the results, we performed in vivo and in vitro experimental validation. Results: The results showed that paeoniflorin may exert an antidepressant effect by regulating cell inflammation, synaptic function, NF-κB signaling pathway, and intestinal inflammation. Conclusion: NPM1, HSPA8, HSPA5, HNRNPU, and TNF are the targets of paeoniflorin treatment. In addition, we demonstrated that paeoniflorin inhibits inflammatory cytokine production via the p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway and has neuroprotective effects on the synaptic structure. Our findings provide valuable evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingchen Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuxia Yan
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaomiao Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyue Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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A comprehensive review of natural products against atopic dermatitis: Flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes, glycosides and other compounds. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111741. [PMID: 34087696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is considered a great challenge for human communities and imposes both physiological and mental burdens on patients. Natural products have widely been used to treat a wide range of diseases, including cancer, gastrointestinal diseases, asthma, neurological disorders, and infections. To seek potential natural products against AD, in the current review, we searched the terms "atopic dermatitis" and "natural product" in Pubmed, Medline, Web of Science,Science Direct, Embase, EBSCO, CINAHL, ACS. The results show that many natural products, especially puerarin, ferulic acid and ginsenosides, cound protect against AD. Meanwhile, we discussed the therapeutic mechanisms and showed that the natural products exert their anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the quantity and activity of many inflammatory cell types and cytokines, including neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, interleukins (ILs, including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4), TNF-α, and TSLP, IgE. via inhibition of JAK/STAT, MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways, thereby, halting the inflammatory cascade. Future investigations should focus on studies with more reflective of the clinical characteristics and demographics, so as to develop natural products that will be hopefully available for the treatment of human AD disease.
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Fu Q, Yang H, Zhang L, Liu Y, Li X, Dai M, Yang Y, Yang S, Xie Y, Liu Y, Fu L, Liu Z, Zhang Q. Traditional Chinese medicine foot bath combined with acupoint massage for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 31 RCTs. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3218. [PMID: 31659861 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficiency and safety of traditional Chinese medicine foot bath combined with acupoint massage for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. A total of eight online databases were searched to collect studies published up to February 2019. Study quality of each included article was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted based on the Cochrane systematic review method by using the RevMan 5.3 software. Traditional Chinese medicine foot bath combined with acupoint massage was the main therapy in experimental group. Interventions in control groups include western medicine, oral traditional Chinese medicine, other symptomatic treatment of western medicine, and blank control. Primary outcomes in this study include sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), total effective rate, and neuropathic syndrome score. Finally, 31 trials involving 3284 participants were included. The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses showed that traditional Chinese medicine foot bath combined with acupoint massage was significantly better compared with the control groups in terms of the total effective rate, SNCV, MNCV, and neuropathic syndrome score. No case of adverse effect was reported. These findings show that traditional Chinese medicine foot bath combined with acupoint massage may be safer and more effective for the treatment of DPN. However, due to the low methodological quality, further research with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of higher quality is required to prove its efficacy and better evidence for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwei Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lanzhi Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Menglin Dai
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yepeng Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shasha Yang
- Teaching Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinxiu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Xu X, Chen B, Huang Q, Wu Y, Liang T. The Effects of Puerarin on Autophagy Through Regulating of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 Signaling Pathway Influences Renal Function in Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2583-2592. [PMID: 32765037 PMCID: PMC7381766 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s256457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Autophagy is the main protective mechanism against aging in podocytes, which are terminally differentiated cells that have a very limited capacity for mitosis and self-renewal. Here, a streptozotocin-induced DN C57BL/6 mouse model was used to investigate the effects of puerarin on the modulation of autophagy under conditions associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). In addition, this study aimed to identify the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS DN C57BL/6 mouse model was induced by streptozotocin (150 mg/kg) injection. The mice were administered rapamycin and puerarin, respectively, daily for up to 8 weeks. After the serum and kidney samples were collected, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), parameters of renal function, histomorphology, and the podocyte functional proteins were analyzed. Moreover, the autophagy markers and the expressions of PERK/ATF4 pathway were studied in kidney. Results found that the FBG level in DN mice was significantly higher than in normal mice. Compared with DN model mice, puerarin-treated mice showed an increased expression of podocyte functional proteins, including nephrin, podocin, and podocalyxin. Furthermore, the pathology and structure alterations were improved by treatment with rapamycin and puerarin compared with the DN control. The results indicated an elevated level of autophagy in rapamycin and puerarin groups compared with the DN model, as demonstrated by the upregulated expression of autophagy markers Beclin-1, LC3II, and Atg5, and downregulated p62 expression. In addition, the levels of PERK, eIF2α, and ATF4 were reduced in the DN model, which was partially, but significantly, prevented by rapamycin and puerarin. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the renal-protective effects of puerarin in DN mice, particularly in the modulation of autophagy under ERS conditions, which may be associated with activation of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway. Therefore, PERK may be a potential target for DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi530021, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi530021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaohui Xu Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning530021, People’s Republic of China Tel/Fax +86 771-5778582 Email
| | - Biao Chen
- The First Nanning People’s Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi530022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qichun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yani Wu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Liang
- College of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi530021, People’s Republic of China
- Tao Liang College of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, No. 10, Shuangyong Road, Nanning530021, People’s Republic of China Tel/Fax +86 771-5358635 Email
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study will assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). METHODS We will comprehensively search electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their inception to July 1, 2019. We will also search grey literature to avoid missing any potential studies. Randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture for the treatment of DPN will be included. All record literatures are searched without language limitation. Two researchers will independently carry out research selection, data extraction, and research quality evaluation. We will perform RevMan 5.3 software for statistical analysis. RESULTS Primary outcomes consist of severity of neuropathy and pain intensity. Secondary outcomes include diabetes mellitus duration, body mass index, HbA1c level, blood glucose levels, and adverse events. CONCLUSION The findings of this study will summarize recent evidence for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of patients with DPN. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION We will not analyze individual data, thus no ethic approval is needed. The results of this study are expected to be published at a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019139635.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-jie Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shangluo Central Hospital
| | - Fan-rong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo, China
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15
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Xu HX, Pan W, Qian JF, Liu F, Dong HQ, Liu QJ. MicroRNA‑21 contributes to the puerarin‑induced cardioprotection via suppression of apoptosis and oxidative stress in a cell model of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:719-727. [PMID: 31115556 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin, a major bioactive constituent of the Radix puerariae, can ameliorate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Emerging evidence supports that microRNA (miR)‑21 functions as a protective factor against I/R and/or hypoxia‑reperfusion (H/R)‑induced myocardial injury. However, the role of miR‑21 in the cardioprotective effect of puerarin remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the involvement of miR‑21 in the cardioprotective mechanisms of puerarin using a cell model of I/R injury, generated by culturing rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes under H/R conditions. The results demonstrated that pre‑treatment with puerarin significantly increased cell viability, decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and upregulated miR‑21 expression in H/R‑treated H9c2 cells. Transfection of an miR‑21 inhibitor led to an increase in H/R‑induced cytotoxicity and reversed the protective effects of puerarin. Additionally, miR‑21 inhibition attenuated the puerarin‑induced decrease in the rate of apoptosis, caspase‑3 activity and the expression of apoptosis regulator Bax, and increased apoptosis regulator Bcl‑2 expression, under H/R conditions. Furthermore, puerarin mitigated H/R‑induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the decrease in endogenous reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde content and NADPH oxidase 2 expression, and enhanced the antioxidative defense system as illustrated by the increase in superoxide dismutase activity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels. These effects were all eliminated by miR‑21 inhibitor transfection. Furthermore, the miR‑21 inhibitor exacerbated the H/R‑induced oxidative stress and attenuated the antioxidative defense system in H/R‑treated H9c2 cells. Taken together, the results suggested that miR‑21 mediated the cardioprotective effects of puerarin against myocardial H/R injury by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Wen Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Feng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qi Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
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