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Wu C, Duan X, Wang X, Wang L. Advances in the role of epigenetics in homocysteine-related diseases. Epigenomics 2023; 15:769-795. [PMID: 37718931 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine has a wide range of biological effects. However, the specific molecular mechanism of its pathogenicity is still unclear. The diseases induced by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are called homocysteine-related diseases. Clinical treatment of HHcy is mainly through folic acid and B-complex vitamins, which are not effective in reducing the associated end point events. Epigenetics is the alteration of heritable genes caused by DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNAs and chromatin remodeling without altering the DNA sequence. In recent years the role of epigenetics in homocysteine-associated diseases has been gradually discovered. This article summarizes the latest evidence on the role of epigenetics in HHcy, providing new directions for its prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xulei Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xuehui Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Libo Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Wang Q, Yesitayi G, Liu B, Siti D, Ainiwan M, Aizitiaili A, Ma X. Targeting metabolism in aortic aneurysm and dissection: from basic research to clinical applications. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3869-3891. [PMID: 37564200 PMCID: PMC10411465 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) are a group of insidious and lethal cardiovascular diseases that characterized by seriously threatening the life and health of people, but lack effective nonsurgical interventions. Alterations in metabolites are increasingly recognized as universal features of AAD because metabolic abnormalities have been identified not only in arterial tissue but also in blood and vascular cells from both patients and animal models with this disease. Over the past few decades, studies have further supported this notion by linking AAD to various types of metabolites such as those derived from gut microbiota or involved in TCA cycle or lipid metabolism. Many of these altered metabolites may contribute to the pathogenesis of AAD. This review aims to illustrate the close association between body metabolism and the occurrence and development of AAD, as well as summarize the significance of metabolites correlated with the pathological process of AAD. This provides valuable insight for developing new therapeutic agents for AAD. Therefore, we present a brief overview of metabolism in AAD biology, including signaling pathways involved in these processes and current clinical studies targeting AAD metabolisms. It is necessary to understand the metabolic mechanisms underlying AAD to provides significant knowledge for AAD diagnosis and new therapeutics for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Gulinazi Yesitayi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bingyan Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dilixiati Siti
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mierxiati Ainiwan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Aliya Aizitiaili
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Hou Y, Guo W, Fan T, Li B, Ge W, Gao R, Wang J. Advanced Research of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms on Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:630269. [PMID: 33614752 PMCID: PMC7892590 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.630269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease with a high risk of death, seriously threatening the life and health of people. The specific pathogenesis of AAA is still not fully understood. In recent years, researchers have found that amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism disorders play important roles in the occurrence and development of AAA. This review is aimed to summarize the latest research progress of the relationship between AAA progression and body metabolism. The body metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of AAA. It is necessary to further investigate the pathogenesis of AAA from the perspective of metabolism to provide theoretical basis for AAA diagnosis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianfei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weipeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhang H, Yin D, Zhao Y, Li Y, Yao D, Sun D. Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms - a meta-analysis. VASA 2020; 50:110-115. [PMID: 32933402 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanji Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Dexin Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yezhou Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Dejiang Yao
- Department of Chinese medicine, Third department of surgery, The Center Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Wuhan University, Enshi City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dajun Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
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Mechanisms of homocysteine-induced damage to the endothelial, medial and adventitial layers of the arterial wall. Biochimie 2020; 173:100-106. [PMID: 32105811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a non-protein forming amino acid which is the direct metabolic precursor of methionine. Increased concentration of serum Hcy is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is specifically linked to various diseases of the vasculature. Serum Hcy is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension and aneurysms of the aorta in humans, though the precise mechanisms by which Hcy contributes to these conditions remain elusive. Results from clinical trials that successfully lowered serum Hcy without reducing features of vascular disease in cardiovascular patients have cast doubt on whether or not Hcy directly impacts the vasculature. However, studies in animals and in cell culture suggest that Hcy has a vast array of toxic effects on the vasculature, with demonstrated roles in endothelial dysfunction, medial remodeling and adventitial inflammation. It is hypothesized that rather than serum Hcy, tissue-bound Hcy and the incorporation of Hcy into proteins could underlie the toxic effects of Hcy on the vasculature. In this review, we present evidence for Hcy-associated vascular disease in humans, and we critically examine the possible mechanisms by which Hcy specifically impacts the endothelial, medial and adventitial layers of the arterial wall. Deciphering the mechanisms by which Hcy interacts with proteins in the arterial wall will allow for a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia and will help to define a better means of prevention at the appropriate window of life.
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Fila M, Chojnacki C, Chojnacki J, Blasiak J. Is an "Epigenetic Diet" for Migraines Justified? The Case of Folate and DNA Methylation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112763. [PMID: 31739474 PMCID: PMC6893742 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraines are a common disease with limited treatment options and some dietary factors are recognized to trigger headaches. Although migraine pathogenesis is not completely known, aberrant DNA methylation has been reported to be associated with its occurrence. Folate, an essential micronutrient involved in one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation, was shown to have beneficial effects on migraines. Moreover, the variability of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, important in both folate metabolism and migraine pathogenesis, modulates the beneficial effects of folate for migraines. Therefore, migraine could be targeted by a folate-rich, DNA methylation-directed diet, but there are no data showing that beneficial effects of folate consumption result from its epigenetic action. Furthermore, contrary to epigenetic drugs, epigenetic diets contain many compounds, some yet unidentified, with poorly known or completely unknown potential to interfere with the epigenetic action of the main dietary components. The application of epigenetic diets for migraines and other diseases requires its personalization to the epigenetic profile of a patient, which is largely unknown. Results obtained so far do not warrant the recommendation of any epigenetic diet as effective in migraine prevention and therapy. Further studies including a folate-rich diet fortified with valproic acid, another modifier of epigenetic profile effective in migraine prophylaxis, may help to clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fila
- Department of Neurology, Polish Mother Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426-354-334
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