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Logue CM, De Cesare A, Tast-Lahti E, Chemaly M, Payen C, LeJeune J, Zhou K. Salmonella spp. in poultry production-A review of the role of interventions along the production continuum. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 108:289-341. [PMID: 38461002 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella is a significant pathogen of human and animal health and poultry are one of the most common sources linked with foodborne illness worldwide. Global production of poultry meat and products has increased significantly over the last decade or more as a result of consumer demand and the changing demographics of the world's population, where poultry meat forms a greater part of the diet. In addition, the relatively fast growth rate of birds which is significantly higher than other meat species also plays a role in how poultry production has intensified. In an effort to meet the greater demand for poultry meat and products, modern poultry production and processing practices have changed and practices to target control and reduction of foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella have been implemented. These strategies are implemented along the continuum from parent and grandparent flocks to breeders, the farm and finished broilers to transport and processing and finally from retail to the consumer. This review focuses on common practices, interventions and strategies that have potential impact for the control of Salmonella along the poultry production continuum from farm to plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Logue
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, United States.
| | | | - Elina Tast-Lahti
- European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Sweden
| | - Marianne Chemaly
- Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, ANSES, France
| | - Cyrielle Payen
- Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, ANSES, France
| | - Jeff LeJeune
- Food System and Food Safety, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Italy
| | - Kang Zhou
- Food System and Food Safety, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Italy
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Cardoso LT, Alexandre B, Cacciatore FA, Magedans YVDS, Fett-Neto AG, Contri RV, Malheiros PDS. Carvacrol-loaded nanoemulsions produced with a natural emulsifier for lettuce sanitization. Food Res Int 2023; 168:112748. [PMID: 37120202 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Carvacrol is an antimicrobial agent that shows potential for eliminating microorganisms in vegetables, increasing food safety. However, intense odor and low water solubility of carvacrol are limiting factors for its application for fresh vegetables sanitization, which can be overcome by nanotechnology. Two different nanoemulsions containing carvacrol (11 mg/mL) were developed by probe sonication: carvacrol-saponin nanoemulsion (CNS) and carvacrol-polysorbate 80 nanoemulsion (CNP). Formulations presented appropriate droplet sizes (from 74.7 nm to 168.2 nm) and high carvacrol encapsulation efficiency (EE) (from 89.5 % to 91.5 %). CNS showed adequate droplet size distribution (PDI < 0.22) and high zeta potential values (around -30 mV) compared to CNP, with saponin chosen for the following experiments. Carvacrol nanoemulsions presented Bacterial Inactivation Concentration (BIC) against the Salmonella cocktail from 5.51 to 0.69 mg/mL and for the E. coli cocktail from 1.84 to 0.69 mg/mL. Among all tested nanoemulsions, CNS1 presented the lowest BIC (0.69 mg/mL) against both bacterial cocktails. Damage to bacterial cells in lettuce treated with nanoemulsion was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. For lettuce sanitization, CNS1 showed a similar effect to unencapsulated carvacrol, with a high bacterial reduction (>3 log CFU/g) after lettuce immersion for 15 min at 2 × BIC. Using the same immersion time, the CNS1 (2 × BIC) demonstrated equal or better efficacy in reducing both tested bacterial cocktails (>3 log CFU/g) when compared to acetic acid (6.25 mg/mL), citric acid (25 mg/mL), and sodium hypochlorite solution (150 ppm). Lettuce immersed in CNS1 at both concentrations (BIC and 2 × BIC) did not change the color and texture of leaves, while the unencapsulated carvacrol at 2 × BIC darkened them and reduced their firmness. Consequently, carvacrol-saponin nanoemulsion (CNS1) proved to be a potential sanitizer for lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Thomé Cardoso
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Higiene dos Alimentos, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Bibiana Alexandre
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Higiene dos Alimentos, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Fabiola Ayres Cacciatore
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Higiene dos Alimentos, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Yve Verônica da Silva Magedans
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnologia e Instituto de Biociências (Departamento de Botânica), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Arthur Germano Fett-Neto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnologia e Instituto de Biociências (Departamento de Botânica), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Renata Vidor Contri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Silva Malheiros
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Higiene dos Alimentos, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
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Pye HV, Thilliez G, Acton L, Kolenda R, Al-Khanaq H, Grove S, Kingsley RA. Strain and serovar variants of Salmonella enterica exhibit diverse tolerance to food chain-related stress. Food Microbiol 2023; 112:104237. [PMID: 36906307 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) continues to be a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. Food manufacturers implement hurdle technology by combining more than one approach to control food safety and quality, including preservatives such as organic acids, refrigeration, and heating. We assessed the variation in survival in stresses of genotypically diverse isolates of Salmonella enterica to identify genotypes with potential elevated risk to sub-optimal processing or cooking. Sub-lethal heat treatment, survival in desiccated conditions and growth in the presence of NaCl or organic acids were investigated. S. Gallinarum strain 287/91 was most sensitive to all stress conditions. While none of the strains replicated in a food matrix at 4 °C, S. Infantis strain S1326/28 retained the greatest viability, and six strains exhibited a significantly reduced viability. A S. Kedougou strain exhibited the greatest resistance to incubation at 60 °C in a food matrix that was significantly greater than S. Typhimurium U288, S Heidelberg, S. Kentucky, S. Schwarzengrund and S. Gallinarum strains. Two isolates of monophasic S. Typhimurium, S04698-09 and B54Col9 exhibited the greatest tolerance to desiccation that was significantly more than for the S. Kentucky and S. Typhimurium U288 strains. In general, the presence of 12 mM acetic acid or 14 mM citric acid resulted in a similar pattern of decreased growth in broth, but this was not observed for S. Enteritidis, and S. Typhimurium strains ST4/74 and U288 S01960-05. Acetic acid had a moderately greater effect on growth despite the lower concentration tested. A similar pattern of decreased growth was observed in the presence of 6% NaCl, with the notable exception that S. Typhimurium strain U288 S01960-05 exhibited enhanced growth in elevated NaCl concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah V Pye
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, James Watson Road, Norwich, UK; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Gaёtan Thilliez
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, James Watson Road, Norwich, UK
| | - Luke Acton
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, James Watson Road, Norwich, UK; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Rafał Kolenda
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, James Watson Road, Norwich, UK
| | - Haider Al-Khanaq
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, James Watson Road, Norwich, UK
| | - Stephen Grove
- Nestlé Development Centre, Cannon Road, Solon, OH, USA; McCain Foods, 1 Tower Lane, Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert A Kingsley
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, James Watson Road, Norwich, UK; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
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Choudhary M, Shrivastava R, Vashistt J. Eugenol and geraniol impede Csu-pilus assembly and evades multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms: In-vitro and in-silico evidence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 636:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ibrahim KA, Kashef MT, Elkhamissy TR, Ramadan MA, Helmy OM. Aspartate α-decarboxylase a new therapeutic target in the fight against Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1019666. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1019666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori is a worldwide demand. Aspartate α-decarboxylase (ADC) was reported as a drug target in H. pylori, in an in silico study, with malonic acid (MA) as its inhibitor. We evaluated eradicating H. pylori infection through ADC inhibition and the possibility of resistance development. MA binding to ADC was modeled via molecular docking. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of MA were determined against H. pylori ATCC 43504, and a clinical H. pylori isolate. To confirm selective ADC inhibition, we redetermined the MIC in the presence of products of the inhibited enzymatic pathway: β-alanine and pantothenate. HPLC was used to assay the enzymatic activity of H. pylori 6x-his tagged ADC in the presence of different MA concentrations. H. pylori strains were serially exposed to MA for 14 passages, and the MICs were determined. Cytotoxicity in different cell lines was tested. The efficiency of ADC inhibition in treating H. pylori infections was evaluated using a Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat infection model. MA spectrum of activity was determined in different pathogens. MA binds to H. pylori ADC active site with a good docking score. The MIC of MA against H. pylori ranged from 0.5 to 0.75 mg/mL with MBC of 1.5 mg/mL. Increasing β-alanine and pantothenate concentrations proportionally increased MA MIC. The 6x-his tagged ADC activity decreased by increasing MA concentration. No resistance to ADC inhibition was recorded after 14 passages; MA lacked cytotoxicity in all tested cell lines. ADC inhibition effectively eradicated H. pylori infection in SD rats. MA had MIC between 0.625 to 1.25 mg/mL against the tested bacterial pathogens. In conclusion, ADC is a promising target for effectively eradicating H. pylori infection that is not affected by resistance development, besides being of broad-spectrum presence in different pathogens. MA provides a lead molecule for the development of an anti-helicobacter ADC inhibitor. This provides hope for saving the lives of those at high risk of infection with the carcinogenic H. pylori.
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Micallef SA, Han S, Martinez L. Tomato Cultivar Nyagous Fruit Surface Metabolite Changes during Ripening Affect Salmonella Newport. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1604-1613. [PMID: 36048925 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tomatoes are a valuable crop consumed year-round. Ripe fruit is picked for local sale, whereas tomatoes intended for transit may be harvested at late mature green or breaker stages when fruit firmness preserves quality. In this study, we evaluated Solanum lycopersicum cv. BHN602 association with three Salmonella serotypes and S. lycopersicum cv. Nyagous with Salmonella Newport using fruit at two ripeness stages. Counts of Salmonella Javiana and Typhimurium were higher from red ripe fruit surfaces of BHN602, and counts of Salmonella Newport were higher from ripe Nyagous fruit than from mature green fruit (P < 0.05). Aqueous fruit washes containing fruit surface compounds collected from ripe Nyagous fruit supported more Salmonella Newport growth than green fruit washes (P < 0.05). Growth curve analysis showed that between 2 and 6 h, Salmonella Newport grew at a rate of 0.25 log CFU/h in red fruit wash compared with 0.17 log CFU/h in green fruit wash (P < 0.05). The parallel trend in Salmonella interaction between fruit and wash suggested that surface metabolite differences between unripe and ripe fruit affect Salmonella dynamics. Untargeted phytochemical profiling of tomato fruit surface washes with gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed that ripe fruit had threefold-lower amino acid and fourfold-higher sugar (fructose, glucose, and xylose) levels than green fruit. Green fruit had higher levels of lauric, palmitic, margaric, and arachidic acids, whereas red fruit had more capric acid. The phenolics ferulic, chlorogenic, and vanillic acid, as well as tyrosol, also decreased with ripening. Although limitations of this study preclude conclusions on how specific compounds affect Salmonella, our study highlights the complexity of the plant niche for foodborne pathogens and the importance of understanding the metabolite landscape Salmonella encounters on fresh produce. Fruit surface phytochemical profiling generated testable hypotheses for future studies exploring the differential Salmonella interactions with tomato varieties and fruit at various ripeness stages. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley A Micallef
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.,Center for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Sanghyun Han
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Louisa Martinez
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Al-Mijalli SH, Mrabti NN, Ouassou H, Sheikh RA, Assaggaf H, Bakrim S, Abdallah EM, Alshahrani MM, Al Awadh AA, Lee LH, AlDhaheri Y, Sahebkar A, Zengin G, Attar AA, Bouyahya A, Mrabti HN. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Origanum compactum Benth Essential Oils from Two Regions: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence and In Silico Molecular Investigations. Molecules 2022; 27:7329. [PMID: 36364152 PMCID: PMC9653751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this investigatory study were to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Origanum compactum from two Moroccan regions (Boulemane and Taounate), as well as the evaluation of their biological effects. Determining EOs' chemical composition was performed by a gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of EOs was evaluated using free radical scavenging ability (DPPH method), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed in vitro using the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition test and in vivo using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Finally, the antibacterial effect was evaluated against several strains using the disk-diffusion assay and the micro-dilution method. The chemical constituent of O. compactum EO (OCEO) from the Boulemane zone is dominated by carvacrol (45.80%), thymol (18.86%), and α-pinene (13.43%). However, OCEO from the Taounate zone is rich in 3-carene (19.56%), thymol (12.98%), and o-cymene (11.16%). OCEO from Taounate showed higher antioxidant activity than EO from Boulemane. Nevertheless, EO from Boulemane considerably inhibited 5-LOX (IC50 = 0.68 ± 0.02 µg/mL) compared to EO from Taounate (IC50 = 1.33 ± 0.01 µg/mL). A similar result was obtained for tyrosinase inhibition with Boulemane EO and Taounate EO, which gave IC50s of 27.51 ± 0.03 μg/mL and 41.83 ± 0.01 μg/mL, respectively. The in vivo anti-inflammatory test showed promising effects; both EOs inhibit and reduce inflammation in mice. For antibacterial activity, both EOs were found to be significantly active against all strains tested in the disk-diffusion test, but O. compactum EO from the Boulemane region showed the highest activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) for O. compactum EO from the Boulemane region ranged from 0.06 to 0.25% (v/v) and from 0.15 to 0.21% (v/v) for O. compactum from the Taounate region. The MBC/MIC index revealed that both EOs exhibited remarkable bactericidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal Naceiri Mrabti
- Computer Chemistry and Modeling Team, Laboratory of Materials, Modeling and Environmental Engineering (LIMME), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), BP 1796, Atlas, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Hayat Ouassou
- Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI, BP 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Ryan A. Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnologies and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Yusra AlDhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Biochemistry and Physiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
| | - Ammar A. Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat 10000, Morocco
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 8359006 Lille, France
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Valério R, Torres CA, Brazinha C, da Silva MG, Coelhoso IM, Crespo JG. Purification of ferulic acid from corn fibre alkaline extracts for bio-vanillin production using an adsorption process. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Chemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Pelargonium graveolens Essential Oils at Three Different Phenological Stages. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172226. [PMID: 36079608 PMCID: PMC9459842 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was the determination of Pelargonium graveolens (aerial parts) volatile compounds at three developmental stages and the evaluation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, dermaprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. The aerial parts of Pelargonium graveolens were collected at three stages, namely the vegetative, beginning, and full flowering. Pelargonium graveolens essential oils were extracted from the dried materials of these aerial parts by hydrodistillation. The volatiles were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry GC-MS, and the antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH, ABTS, H2O2, and FRAP assays. The in vitro antidiabetic effect was evaluated by the inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase enzymes, while the antibacterial activity was assessed against six bacterial strains using an agar well diffusion assay and a microdilution method. The main constituents were menthol, menthene, eremophilene, isoborneol, isogeraniol, α-pinene, linalyl acetate, and 3-carene, with quantitative differences at the three phenological stages. The essential oil at the full flowering stage showed the best antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 83.26 ± 0.01, 116.42 ± 0.07, 132.25 ± 0.11, and 48.67 ± 0.04 μg/mL for DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and H2O2 assays, respectively. This oil also exhibited significant effects against α-amylase (IC50 = 43.33 ± 0.01 μg/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 19.04 ± 0.01 μg/mL), lipase (IC50 = 24.33 ± 0.05 μg/mL), 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 39.31 ± 0.01 μg/mL), and tyrosinase (IC50 = 124.49 ± 0.07 μg/mL). The essential oil extracted at the full flowering stage showed the best antibacterial effect against a panel of microorganisms with diameter inhibition zones ranging between 11.00 ± 0.17 mm and 17.30 ± 0.17 mm and MIC values from 0.25% to 2% v/v. Overall, the results presented here suggest that the full flowering stage is the best optimal harvest time of Pelargonium graveolens for food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Assaggaf HM, Naceiri Mrabti H, Rajab BS, Attar AA, Alyamani RA, Hamed M, El Omari N, El Menyiy N, Hazzoumi Z, Benali T, Al-Mijalli SH, Zengin G, AlDhaheri Y, Eid AH, Bouyahya A. Chemical Analysis and Investigation of Biological Effects of Salvia officinalis Essential Oils at Three Phenological Stages. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165157. [PMID: 36014393 PMCID: PMC9415112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salvia officinalis is a medicinal plant used to treat some diseases, including microbial infections and diabetes. Different studies showed the biological and pharmacological properties of this species. The aim of this study was the determination of the chemical compounds of S. officinalis essential oils and the investigation of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The chemical compounds of S. officinalis were determined by GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH, ABTS, H2O2, and FRAP assays. The in vitro antidiabetic effect was evaluated by the inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase activities, and the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using the 5-lipoxygenase assay. Moreover, antibacterial activity was assessed against six bacterial strains using agar well diffusion assay and microdilution method. The main compounds in essential oils of S. officinalis at three phenological stages were naphthalenone, camphor, 1.8-cineole, and α-thujone. The full flowering stage essential oil showed the best antioxidant activity with different IC50 values according to the used tests. This oil also exhibited important inhibitory effects at the full flowering stage against α-amylase (IC50 = 69.23 ± 0.1 μg/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50 = 22.24 ± 0.07 μg/mL), and lipase (IC50 = 37.3 ± 0.03 μg/mL). The 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory effect was the best at the full flowering stage (IC50 = 9.24 ± 0.03 μg/mL). The results of the antibacterial evaluation revealed that, at three seasonal periods, S. officinalis essential oil demonstrated strong antibacterial activity. Although the full flowering stage had the best antibacterial activity, there were no significant differences between the three stages. Additionally, the essential oils showed bactericidal effects on Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium, respectively. The findings of this work showed remarkably that S. officinalis synthesizes essential oils according to different developmental stages. Moreover, it has exhibited interesting biological and pharmacological properties justifying its medicinal effects and suggesting it as a very important source of natural drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza M. Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A. Alyamani
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munerah Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taouanate 34025, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Hazzoumi
- Plant and Microbial Biotechnology Center-Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Safi 46000, Morocco
| | - Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (A.H.E.)
| | - Yusra AlDhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (A.H.E.)
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
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Assaggaf HM, Naceiri Mrabti H, Rajab BS, Attar AA, Hamed M, Sheikh RA, Omari NE, Menyiy NE, Belmehdi O, Mahmud S, Alshahrani MM, Park MN, Kim B, Zengin G, Bouyahya A. Singular and Combined Effects of Essential Oil and Honey of Eucalyptus Globulus on Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Dermatoprotective, and Antimicrobial Properties: In Vitro and In Vivo Findings. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165121. [PMID: 36014359 PMCID: PMC9415335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus globulus is a plant widely used by the world population, including Morocco, in the treatment of several pathologies. The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, dermatoprotective, and antimicrobial effects of essential oil and honey from E. globulus, as well as their combination. Chemical composition was determined by GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by three tests, namely, DPPH, reducing power, and the β-carotene/linoleic acid assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in vitro (5-lipoxygenase inhibition) and in vivo (carrageenan-induced paw edema model), while the dermatoprotective activity was tested in vitro (tyrosinase inhibition). Moreover, the antibacterial activity was assessed using agar well diffusion and microdilution methods. The results showed that eucalyptol presents the main compound of the essential oil of E. globulus (90.14%). The mixture of essential oil with honey showed the best antioxidant effects for all the tests used (0.07 < IC50 < 0.19 mg/mL), while the essential oil was the most active against tyrosinase (IC50 = 38.21 ± 0.13 μg/mL) and 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 0.88 ± 0.01 μg/mL), which corroborated the in vivo test. Additionally, the essential oil showed the best bactericidal effects against all strains tested, with inhibition diameter values ranging from 12.8 to 21.6 mm. The findings of this work showed that the combination of the essential oil with honey showed important results in terms of biological activity, but the determination of the underlying mechanisms of action remains a major prospect to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza M. Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 6203, Morocco
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munerah Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryan A. Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 6203, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taouanate 34025, Morocco
| | - Omar Belmehdi
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Division of Cancer and Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 6203, Morocco
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12
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Antioxidants of Fruit Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents against Pathogenic Bacteria. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030602. [PMID: 35326252 PMCID: PMC8945554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit is an essential part of the human diet and is of great interest because of its richness in phytochemicals. Various fruit extracts from citrus, berries and pomegranates have been shown to possess a broad spectrum of medicinal properties. Fruit phytochemicals are of considerable interest because of their antioxidant properties involving different mechanisms of action, which can act against different pathogenic bacteria. The antioxidant capacity of fruit phytochemicals involves different kinds of reactions, such as radical scavenging and chelation or complexation of metal ions. The interaction between fruit phytochemicals and bacteria has different repercussions: it disrupts the cell envelope, disturbs cell–cell communication and gene regulation, and suppresses metabolic and enzymatic activities. Consequently, fruit phytochemicals can directly inhibit bacterial growth or act indirectly by modulating the expression of virulence factors, both of which reduce microbial pathogenicity. The aim of this review was to report our current knowledge on various fruit extracts and their major bioactive compounds, and determine the effectiveness of organic acids, terpenes, polyphenols, and other types of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties as a source of antimicrobial agents.
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13
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Pelyuntha W, Vongkamjan K. Combined effects of Salmonella phage cocktail and organic acid for controlling Salmonella Enteritidis in chicken meat. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Chauhan R, Kumari S, Goel G, Azmi W. Synergistic combination of malic acid with sodium hypochlorite impairs biofilm of Cronobacter sakazakii. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Nyiew K, Kwong PJ, Yow Y. An overview of antimicrobial properties of kombucha. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1024-1053. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐Ying Nyiew
- Department of Biological Sciences School of Medical and Life Sciences Sunway University Selangor Malaysia
| | - Phek Jin Kwong
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science Faculty of Science Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus Kampar Malaysia
| | - Yoon‐Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences School of Medical and Life Sciences Sunway University Selangor Malaysia
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16
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Ferreira TS, Ravetti R, Rubio MS, Alves LBR, Saraiva MMS, Benevides VP, Lima TS, Lima BN, Almeida AM, Berchieri Jr A. Inclusion of Organic Acids in the Drinking Water and Feed for the Control of Salmonella Heidelberg in Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TS Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - R Ravetti
- Salmix Indústria e Comércio Ltda, Brazil
| | - MS Rubio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - LBR Alves
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - MMS Saraiva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - VP Benevides
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - TS Lima
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - BN Lima
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - AM Almeida
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
| | - A Berchieri Jr
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brazil
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17
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Identification of management of malodour from odour-producing bacteria in natural rubber. J RUBBER RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42464-021-00129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Aitzhanova A, Oleinikova Y, Mounier J, Hymery N, Leyva Salas M, Amangeldi A, Saubenova M, Alimzhanova M, Ashimuly K, Sadanov A. Dairy associations for the targeted control of opportunistic Candida. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:143. [PMID: 34328568 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Antifungal and antibacterial activities of twenty-six combinations of lactic acid bacteria, propionibacteria, acetic acid bacteria and dairy yeasts inoculated in whey and milk were investigated. Associations including acetic acid bacteria were shown to suppress growth of the opportunistic yeast Candida albicans in well-diffusion assays. The protective effect of milk fermented with the two most promising consortia was confirmed in Caco-2 cell culture infected with C. albicans. Indeed, these fermented milks, after heat-treatment or not, suppressed lactate dehydrogenase release after 48 h while significant increase in LDH release was observed in the positive control (C. albicans alone) and with fermented milk obtained using commercial yogurt starter cultures. The analysis of volatile compounds in the cell-free supernatant using solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed accumulation of significant amount of acetic acid by the consortium composed of Lactobacillus delbrueckii 5, Lactobacillus gallinarum 1, Lentilactobacillus parabuchneri 3, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 33-4, Acetobacter syzygii 2 and Kluyveromyces marxianus 19, which corresponded to the zone of partial inhibition of C. albicans growth during well-diffusion assays. Interestingly, another part of anti-Candida activity, yielding small and transparent inhibition zones, was linked with the consortium cell fraction. This study showed a correlation between anti-Candida activity and the presence of acetic acid bacteria in dairy associations as well as a significant effect of two dairy associations against C. albicans in a Caco-2 cell model. These two associations may be promising consortia for developing functional dairy products with antagonistic action against candidiasis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Aitzhanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave., 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Oleinikova
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Jérôme Mounier
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Nolwenn Hymery
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Marcia Leyva Salas
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Alma Amangeldi
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Margarita Saubenova
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mereke Alimzhanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave., 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Kazhybek Ashimuly
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Amankeldy Sadanov
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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19
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Mohamad Ibrahim R, Mohamad Nasir NN, Abu Bakar MZ, Mahmud R, Ab Razak NA. The Authentication and Grading of Edible Bird's Nest by Metabolite, Nutritional, and Mineral Profiling. Foods 2021; 10:1574. [PMID: 34359444 PMCID: PMC8303490 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible bird's nest (EBN) produced by Aerodramus fuciphagus has a high demand for nutritional and medicinal application throughout the world. The present study was to evaluate the authentication of a man-made house EBN, which are half cup and stripe-shaped by FTIR. Next, both samples were compared according to their metabolite, nutritional, and mineral composition. The results indicated that the FTIR spectra of both EBN samples were identical and similar to the reference, suggesting the authenticity of the EBN used. The metabolites that contribute to the possible medicinal properties of EBN were found by using GC-MS. The results of the proximate analysis, followed by the standard AOAC method, inferred that both EBN shapes to be rich in crude protein and carbohydrate contents. However, the proximate composition between the half cup and stripe-shaped EBN showed significant differences. Major mineral elements detected were calcium and sodium, and magnesium contents were significantly different between both EBN. Additionally, the half cup and stripe-shaped EBN had a low level of heavy metal content than the maximum regulatory limit as set by the Malaysian Food Act 1983. This study concludes that the nutritional composition varied between the samples and thus suggests that nutrient content should be considered as criteria for the grading requirement of commercialized EBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramlah Mohamad Ibrahim
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Nurul Nadiah Mohamad Nasir
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Md Zuki Abu Bakar
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rozi Mahmud
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Asma Ab Razak
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
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20
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El Baaboua A, El Maadoudi M, Bouyahya A, Kounnoun A, Bougtaib H, Belmehdi O, Senhaji NS, Abrini J. Prevalence and antimicrobial profiling of Campylobacter spp. isolated from meats, animal, and human feces in Northern of Morocco. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 349:109202. [PMID: 33991875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present work was carried out to understand the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter spp., in various samples in Northern of Morocco. For this purpose, a random sampling was undertaken from butcher shops, traditional markets, and slaughterhouse. First, the research of Campylobacter was performed according to the Moroccan standard NM ISO: 10272-1 (2008). Second, the isolates were identified by biochemical tests and real time PCR. After the biochemical and molecular identification of suspected colonies, a disk diffusion method was executed to determine the sensitivity of Campylobacter spp. against 18 antibiotics. The results showed a moderate prevalence of Campylobacter species (130/466) recovered mainly on the Campylobacter blood base agar, where C. coli (108/130) were more prevalent comparable to C. jejuni (22/130) in poultry and cattle meat, raw milk, cloacal and surface swabs, and stool of patient suffering from diarrhea. The findings supported also the sensitivity of multiplex qPCR to detect Campylobacter strains compared to Moroccan standard NM ISO: 10272-1 (2008). Among our isolates, C. jejuni were the most susceptible strain toward colistin, florfenicol, gentamicin, streptomycin, and erythromycin. Nonetheless, the presence of multidrug Campylobacter resistant strains was highly observed in C. jejuni isolated, particularly, from broiler chickens toward the antibiotic classes of cephalosporin, penicillin, monobactam, quinolone, fluoroquinolone, sulfamide, as well as tetracycline. This may be due to common use of these drugs in veterinary medicine and farms as growth factor, which limits the usefulness of these molecules. Hence, the study highlights the importance of resistance profile monitoring of these pathogens in Northern of Morocco, in order to develop appropriate control measures and to reduce the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco; Regional Laboratory for Analysis and Research, National Office for Food Safety, Tangier, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed El Maadoudi
- Regional Laboratory for Analysis and Research, National Office for Food Safety, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathology Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic Center of Human Pathology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Ayoub Kounnoun
- Regional Laboratory for Analysis and Research, National Office for Food Safety, Tangier, Morocco; Laboratory of Applied Biology and Pathology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Hajar Bougtaib
- Regional Laboratory for Analysis and Research, National Office for Food Safety, Tangier, Morocco; Laboratory of Applied Biology and Pathology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Omar Belmehdi
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Nadia Skali Senhaji
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Jamal Abrini
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
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21
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Tantratian S, Balmuang N. Enriched makiang (Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala) seed extract and citric acid to control pathogenic bacteria and color of fresh cut cantaloupe. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Al-Asmakh M, Sohail MU, Al-Jamal O, Shoair BM, Al-Baniali AY, Bouabidi S, Nasr S, Bawadi H. The Effects of Gum Acacia on the Composition of the Gut Microbiome and Plasma Levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:569402. [PMID: 33628167 PMCID: PMC7898900 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be fatal for its victims and is an important long-term public health problem. The complicated medical procedures and diet restrictions to which patients with CKD are subjected alter the gut microbiome in an adverse manner, favoring over-accumulation of proteolytic bacteria that produce ammonia and other toxic substances. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of GA on 1) the composition of the gut microbiome and 2) on plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids. Male Wister rats were divided into four groups (six each) and treated for 4 weeks based on the following: control, dietary adenine (0.75%, w/w) to induce CKD, GA in the drinking water (15%, w/v), and both adenine and GA. At the end of the treatment period, plasma, urine, and fecal samples were collected for determination of several biochemical indicators of renal function and plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as characterization of the gut microbiome. Dietary adenine induced the typical signs of CKD, i.e., loss of body weight and impairment of renal function, while GA alleviated these effects. The intestine of the rats with CKD contained an elevated abundance of pathogenic Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia but lowered proportions of Lactobacillaceae belonging to the Firmicutes phylum. Plasma levels of propionate and butyrate were lowered by dietary adenine and restored by GA. A negative association (Spearman's p-value ≤ 0.01, r ≤ 0.5) was observed between Firmicutes and plasma creatinine, urea, urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin. Phylum Proteobacteria on the other hand was positively associated with these markers while Phylum Bacteroidetes was positively associated with plasma SCFAs. In conclusion, the adverse changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, plasma levels of SCFAs, and biochemical indicators of renal function observed in the rats with CKD induced by dietary adenine were mitigated by GA. These findings are indicative of a link between uremia and the composition of the microbiome in connection with this disease. Dietary administration of GA to patients with CKD may improve their renal function via modulating the composition of their microbiome-a finding that certainly warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ola Al-Jamal
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Banan Mosaad Shoair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Yousef Al-Baniali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma Bouabidi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahd Nasr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hiba Bawadi
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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23
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Chemistry, Safety, and Challenges of the Use of Organic Acids and Their Derivative Salts in Meat Preservation. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6653190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat industries are constantly facing new waves of changes in the consumer’s nutritional trends, food safety, and quality requirements and legislations leading to an increase in interest for meat biopreservation to respond to all of these modern socioeconomic demands. Hence, to replace synthetic and/or expensive additives, new technologies in preserving meat products from microbial contamination have been established. In this context, organic acids and their salts have been considered as the most popular examples of preservatives that offer several advantages to be applied in meat industry. Here, characteristics of organic acids/salts commonly used in meat preservation were described based on the published literature. Moreover, after outlining the challenges and advantages of their use in meat industry, their current applications as meat preservatives on various meat type matrices such as beef, pork, sheep, and poultry were quite exposed based on previous and recent research works. Then, different application types were highlighted. Besides, some potent synergistic approaches based on several combinations of organic acids/salts with different existing preservative techniques are reported with an emphasised discussion of their application as possible solution tools to mainly overcome some problems linked to organic acids/salts when used solely, thus contributing to ensure the overall safety and improve the quality of meats. Finally, despite their usefulness in meat preservation, organic acids/salts may possess detrimental traits. In this context, a detailed discussion on their limits of use in meat products was provided in the last section of this paper.
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24
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Vassilev NG, Simova SD, Dangalov M, Velkova L, Atanasov V, Dolashki A, Dolashka P. An 1H NMR- and MS-Based Study of Metabolites Profiling of Garden Snail Helix aspersa Mucus. Metabolites 2020; 10:E360. [PMID: 32887291 PMCID: PMC7570211 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic profiling based on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied with the aim to investigate the functional role of the metabolites in lyophilized mucus from the garden snail Helix aspersa. Twenty metabolites were unambiguously identified by 1H, 1D TOCSY, 2D J-resolved, 2D COSY, and 2D HSQC NMR spectra with water suppression. The metabolic profiles of two fractions with low molecular weight (Mw < 1 kDa and Mw < 3 kDa) are very similar. Metabolites with known antioxidant, antibacterial, and antimicrobial activity were detected by NMR metabolic analysis of mucus samples from Helix aspersa. Some of them were confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis. The primary structure of several peptides was identified in low molecular weight fractions (Mw < 1 kDa) by tandem mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay G. Vassilev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.D.S.); (M.D.); (L.V.); (V.A.); (A.D.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pavlinka Dolashka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.D.S.); (M.D.); (L.V.); (V.A.); (A.D.)
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25
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Heterometrus Spinifer: An Untapped Source of Anti-Tumor Molecules. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070150. [PMID: 32630812 PMCID: PMC7408436 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite intensive research, cancer incidence and mortality continue to rise. Consequently, the necessity to develop effective anti-cancer therapy is apparent. We have recently shown that the gut bacteria of animals living in polluted environments, such as crocodiles, are a potential source of novel anti-tumor molecules. To extend this work to other resilient species, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of gut bacteria of Heterometrus spinifer (a scorpion). Bacteria from the feces and gut were isolated, identified and evaluated for their anti-tumor effects. Bacterial-conditioned media was prepared in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 media, and cytotoxicity and growth inhibitory properties were examined against cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was conducted to establish the identity of the molecules. Eighteen bacteria species from the gut (HSG01-18) and ten bacteria species from feces (HSF01-10) were tested for anti-tumor effects. Bacterial-conditioned media from scorpion gut and feces exhibited significant growth inhibitory effects against HeLa cells of 66.9% and 83.8%, respectively. Microscopic analysis of cancer cells treated with conditioned media HSG12 and HSG16 revealed apoptosis-like effects. HSG12 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and HSG16 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. Both conditioned media exhibited 100% growth inhibitory effects versus a selection of cancer cells, comprising cervical, breast and prostate cancer cells. LC–MS indicated the presence of 72 and 38 compounds, detected from HSG12 and HSG16, respectively. Out of these compounds, 47 were successfully identified while the remainder were unidentified and are possibly novel. This study suggests that the fecal and gut microbiota of scorpions might possess molecules with anti-cancer properties, however, further intensive research is needed to assess these expectations.
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Adhikari P, Yadav S, Cosby DE, Cox NA, Jendza JA, Kim WK. Research Note: Effect of organic acid mixture on growth performance and Salmonella Typhimurium colonization in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2645-2649. [PMID: 32359600 PMCID: PMC7597380 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed additives can be alternatives to antibiotics for routinely encountered pathogens in the poultry production. The objective of this study was to understand effects of organic acid mixture on growth parameters and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) colonization in broilers. Organic acid mixture is a feed-grade buffered formic acid and sodium formate mixture (Amasil NA). A total of 800 1-day-old Cobb500 males were fed one of the five dietary treatments: a negative control diet without ST challenge (NC), positive control diet with ST challenge (PC), 0.3% organic acid mixture with ST, 0.6% organic acid mixture with ST, and 0.9% organic acid mixture with ST. Treatments were assigned to 20 pens with 40 chicks/pen and 4 replicates of each treatment. Chickens were challenged with 107 CFU/mL of nalidixic acid-resistant ST (STNAR) 4-D posthatch. In the grower phase, feed conversion rate was significantly reduced in the 9% organic acid mixture compared with the PC. The body weight and body weight gain (BWG) were not affected either in the starter or grower phases. However, in the finisher phase, the nonchallenged NC had higher BWG than the PC (P < 0.05), whereas there were no differences in BWG among the NC and organic acid mixture fed groups. In addition, there was a significant effect of organic acid mixture on the colonization of cecal STNAR. At 9 dpi, cecal STNAR was 3.28 log10 in the PC that was reduced to 2.65 log10 at 0.3%, 1.40 log10 at 0.6%, and 0.84 log10 in 0.9% organic acid mixture. At 24 dpi, cecal STNAR recovery was 0.81, 0.99, 0.53, and 0.33 log10 in the PC and 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9% organic acid mixture, respectively. Similarly, at 38 dpi, cecal STNAR was 0.26, 0.11, 0.33, and 0 log10 in the PC, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9%, respectively. These results show that organic acid mixture can be one dietary strategy to control ST infection and maintain efficient growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Adhikari
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Sudhir Yadav
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Douglas E Cosby
- USDA, ARS, The U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Nelson A Cox
- USDA, ARS, The U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | | | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Pearlin BV, Muthuvel S, Govidasamy P, Villavan M, Alagawany M, Ragab Farag M, Dhama K, Gopi M. Role of acidifiers in livestock nutrition and health: A review. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:558-569. [PMID: 31912950 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ever since the European ban on use of in-feed antibiotics in food animals, the search for alternate antibiotic-free growth promoter is undertaken worldwide. There are few alternatives such as probiotics, pre-biotics, phytochemicals, enzymes and organic acids. Among these alternatives, the organic acids or simply acidifiers play an important role in gut health in animals. The acidifiers could be used to favourably manipulate the intestinal microbial populations and improve the immune response, hence perform an activity similar to antibiotics in food animals in countering pathogenic bacteria. Acidifiers also improve the digestibility of nutrients and increase the absorption of minerals. The incorporation of organic acids also leads to thinning of the intestinal lining which facilitates better absorption of nutrients and its efficient utilization. However, their effect will not be similar among all types of organic acids as their mechanism of activity is based on its pKa value. Moreover, there are claims about the neutralization of acids by the secretion of bicarbonates in the initial part of intestine, reactivity with metallic items in feed mills and reduced palatability due its bitter taste demands non-reactive and targeted delivery for better performance. Currently, coated salts of acidifiers are available commercially for use in food animals especially pigs and poultry. The present review highlights the role of different acidifiers in livestock nutrition with their potent applications in improving nutrient digestibility, mineral utilization, meat quality, enhancing immunity, antimicrobial effects in countering pathogenic bacteria, boosting performance and production, and thus safeguarding health of livestock animals and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beulah Vermilion Pearlin
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Shanmathy Muthuvel
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Prabakar Govidasamy
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Manojkumar Villavan
- Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mayada Ragab Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Marappan Gopi
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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