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Mao J, Tan M, Li J, Liu C, Hao J, Zheng J, Shen H. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Pyroptosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes via the NF-κB/Caspase 3/GSDME Pathway. Inflammation 2024; 47:921-938. [PMID: 38133702 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an enduring, progressive autoimmune disorder. Abnormal activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) has been proposed as the initiating factor for inflammation of the synovium and bone destruction. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are web-like structures composed of DNA, histones, and granule proteins, are involved in the development of RA in multiple aspects. Pyroptosis, gasdermin-mediated inflammatory programmed cell death, plays a vital function in the etiopathogenesis of RA. However, the exact mechanism underlying NETs-induced pyroptosis in FLSs of RA and its impact on cellular pathogenic behavior remain undefined. In this study, we demonstrated that gasdermin E (GSDME) expression was upregulated in RA plasma and synoviums, which was positively correlated with the elevated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and citrullinated histone 3 (Cit H3) levels in the plasma. Additionally, in vitro experiments have shown that NETs triggered caspase 3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in RA-FLSs, characterized by decreased cell viability, cell membrane blebbing, and rupture, as well as increased levels of pyroptosis-related proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Again, silencing GSDME significantly inhibited pyroptosis and suppressed the migration, invasion, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RA-FLSs. Furthermore, we also found that the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, serving as an upstream mechanism, was involved in FLS pyroptosis. In conclusion, our investigation indicated that NETs could induce RA-FLS pyroptosis and facilitate phenotypic transformation through targeting the NF-κB/caspase 3/GSDME axis. This is the first to explore the crucial role of NETs-induced FLS pyroptosis in the progression of RA, providing novel targets for the clinical management of refractory RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mao
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Min Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jiayao Hao
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jianxiong Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Haili Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Peng T, Li B, Bi L, Zhang F. Iguratimod inhibits protein citrullination and inflammation by downregulating NBCe2 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116551. [PMID: 38636399 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bicarbonate has recently been identified as a crucial factor affecting peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) activity; however, the mechanism underlying its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. Iguratimod (IGU), a small-molecule disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, requires further investigation. This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which bicarbonate affects citrullination and inflammation in RA and identify new targets for IGU. METHODS We enrolled 20 patients with RA in the study. Sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 2 (NBCe2) was detected in the peripheral blood neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of these patients. The effects of varying concentrations of IGU, methotrexate (MTX), dexamethasone (DXM), and S0859 (an NBCe2 inhibitor) on NBCe2, PAD2, PAD4, and citrullinated histone H3 (cit-H3) levels in, migration ability of, and cytokine production from neutrophils and PBMCs were examined. RESULTS Our findings showed that in patients with RA, citrullinated protein production by peripheral blood neutrophils instead of PBMCs, which showed higher NBCe2 expression levels, increased with an increase in the bicarbonate concentration. In addition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) promoted NBCe2 expression in neutrophils from patients with RA. Furthermore, we revealed that the inhibitory effects of IGU on neutrophil NBCe2 and cit-H3 levels, degrees of inhibition of neutrophil and PBMC migration, and suppression of interleukin 6, TNF-α, and metalloproteinase-9 secretion from neutrophil-like differentiated HL-60 cells did not substantially differ from those of MTX, DXM, and S0859 at specific doses. CONCLUSIONS Bicarbonate promotes protein citrullination and inflammation in RA via NBCe2, and IGU can downregulate NBCe2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiane Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Bingtong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Liqi Bi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Fangze Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology/Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
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Kiełbowski K, Stańska W, Bakinowska E, Rusiński M, Pawlik A. The Role of Alarmins in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Psoriasis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3640-3675. [PMID: 38666958 PMCID: PMC11049642 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alarmins are immune-activating factors released after cellular injury or death. By secreting alarmins, cells can interact with immune cells and induce a variety of inflammatory responses. The broad family of alarmins involves several members, such as high-mobility group box 1, S100 proteins, interleukin-33, and heat shock proteins, among others. Studies have found that the concentrations and expression profiles of alarmins are altered in immune-mediated diseases. Furthermore, they are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions. The aim of this narrative review is to present the current evidence on the role of alarmins in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and psoriasis. We discuss their potential involvement in mechanisms underlying the progression of these diseases and whether they could become therapeutic targets. Moreover, we summarize the impact of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of these diseases on the expression of alarmins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Kiełbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Wiktoria Stańska
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcin Rusiński
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.); (M.R.)
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Vasilev G, Vasileva V, Ivanova M, Stanilova S, Manolova I, Miteva L. An Elevated IL10 mRNA Combined with Lower TNFA mRNA Level in Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Peripheral Blood. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2644-2657. [PMID: 38534783 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes TNFA, IL6, IL12B, IL23, IL18 and immunoregulatory genes FOXP3, TGFB1, and IL10 in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) level. The total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to perform TaqMan-based assays to quantify mRNAs from 8 target genes. IL23A was upregulated (1.7-fold), whereas IL6 (5-fold), FOXP3 (4-fold), and IL12B (2.56-fold) were downregulated in patients compared to controls. In addition, we found a strong positive correlation between the expression of FOXP3 and TNFA and a moderate correlation between FOXP3 and TGFB1. These data showed the imbalance of the T helper (Th) 1/Th17/ T regulatory (Treg) axis at a systemic level in RA. In cases with active disease, the IL10 gene expression was approximately 2-fold higher; in contrast, the expression of FOXP3 was significantly decreased (3.38-fold). The main part of patients with higher disease activity expressed upregulation of IL10 and downregulation of TNFA. Different disease activity cohorts could be separated based on IL10, TNFA and IL12B expression combinations. In conclusion, our results showed that active disease is associated with an elevated IL10 and lower TNFA mRNA level in peripheral blood cells of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Vasilev
- Laboratory of Hematopathology and Immunology, National Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Hematological Diseases, Plovdivsko Pole Str. No. 6, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1 Kozyak Str., 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Viktoria Vasileva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Clinical Laboratory, Trakia Hospital, Dunav Str. No. 1, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Mariana Ivanova
- Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Urvich Str. No. 13, 1612 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Ivan Geshov Blvd. No. 15, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Manolova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Lyuba Miteva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Armeiska Str. No. 11, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Swarnkar G, Semenkovich NP, Arra M, Mims DK, Naqvi SK, Peterson T, Mbalaviele G, Wu CL, Abu-Amer Y. DNA hypomethylation ameliorates erosive inflammatory arthritis by modulating interferon regulatory factor-8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310264121. [PMID: 38319963 PMCID: PMC10873594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310264121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory arthritis. DNA hypomethylating agents, such as decitabine (DAC), have been shown to dampen inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. In the present study, we demonstrate that DAC elicits potent anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates disease symptoms in several animal models of arthritis. Transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling show that DAC-mediated hypomethylation regulates a wide range of cell types in arthritis, altering the differentiation trajectories of anti-inflammatory macrophage populations, regulatory T cells, and tissue-protective synovial fibroblasts (SFs). Mechanistically, DAC-mediated demethylation of intragenic 5'-Cytosine phosphate Guanine-3' (CpG) islands of the transcription factor Irf8 (interferon regulatory factor 8) induced its re-expression and promoted its repressor activity. As a result, DAC restored joint homeostasis by resetting the transcriptomic signature of negative regulators of inflammation in synovial macrophages (MerTK, Trem2, and Cx3cr1), TREGs (Foxp3), and SFs (Pdpn and Fapα). In conclusion, we found that Irf8 is necessary for the inhibitory effect of DAC in murine arthritis and that direct expression of Irf8 is sufficient to significantly mitigate arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Swarnkar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | | | - Manoj Arra
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Dorothy K. Mims
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Syeda Kanwal Naqvi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Timothy Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- HealthSpan Technologies, Inc, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Physical Performance, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY14642
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO63110
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Wang N, Ma J, Song W, Zhao C. An injectable hydrogel to disrupt neutrophil extracellular traps for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2173332. [PMID: 36724178 PMCID: PMC9897762 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2173332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration that damages cartilage, disrupts bone, and impairs joint function. The therapeutic efficacy of RA treatments with the severely affected side remains unsatisfactory despite current treatment methods that primarily focus on anti-inflammatory activity, largely because of the complicatedly pathological mechanisms. A recently identified mechanism for RA development involves the interaction of RA autoantibodies with various proinflammatory cytokines to facilitate the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which increased inflammatory responses to express inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Therefore, NETs architecture digestion may inhibit the positive-feedback inflammatory signal pathway and lessen joint damage in RA. In this work, deoxyribonuclease I (DNase) is connected to oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) via Schiff base reaction to extend the half-life of DNase. The modification does not influence the DNase activity for plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid hydrolysis and NETs' architecture disruption. Carboxymethyl chitosan is crosslinked with DNase-functionalised OHA (DHA) to form an injectable, degradable, and biocompatible hydrogel (DHY) to further strengthen the adhesive capability of DHA. Importantly, the collagen-induced arthritis model demonstrates that intra-articular injection of DHY can significantly reduce inflammatory cytokine expression and alleviate RA symptoms, which can be significantly improved by combining methotrexate. Here, a DNase-functionalised hydrogel has been developed for RA treatment by constantly degrading the novel drug target of NETs to decrease inflammatory response in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxia Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chengwu Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,CONTACT Chengwu Zhao Department of Sports Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Dai CL, Yang HX, Liu QP, Rahman K, Zhang H. CXCL6: A potential therapeutic target for inflammation and cancer. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4413-4427. [PMID: 37612429 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines were originally defined as cytokines that affect the movement of immune cells. In recent years, due to the increasing importance of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the role of chemokines has changed from a single "chemotactic agent" to a key factor that can regulate TME and affect the tumor phenotype. CXCL6, also known as granulocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (GCP-2), can recruit neutrophils to complete non-specific immunity in the process of inflammation. Cancer-related genes and interleukin family can promote the abnormal secretion of CXCL6, which promotes tumor growth, metastasis, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and angiogenesis in the TME. CXCL6 also has a role in promoting fibrosis and tissue damage repair. In this review, we focus on the regulatory network affecting CXCL6 expression, its role in the progress of inflammation and how it affects tumorigenesis and progression based on the TME, in an attempt to provide a potential target for the treatment of diseases such as inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Dai
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Nunez JH, Juan C, Sun Y, Hong J, Bancroft AC, Hwang C, Medrano JM, Huber AK, Tower RJ, Levi B. Neutrophil and NETosis Modulation in Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification. Ann Surg 2023; 278:e1289-e1298. [PMID: 37325925 PMCID: PMC10724380 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in heterotopic ossification (HO) formation and progression and to use mechanical and pharmacological methods to decrease NETosis and mitigate HO formation. BACKGROUND Traumatic HO is the aberrant osteochondral differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells after traumatic injury, burns, or surgery. While the innate immune response has been shown to be necessary for HO formation, the specific immune cell phenotype and function remain unknown. Neutrophils, one of the earliest immune cells to respond after HO-inducing injuries, can extrude DNA, forming highly inflammatory NETs. We hypothesized that neutrophils and NETs would be diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the detection and mitigation of HO. METHODS C57BL6J mice underwent burn/tenotomy (a well-established mouse model of HO) or a non-HO-forming sham injury. These mice were either (1) ambulated ad libitum, (2) ambulated ad libitum with daily intraperitoneal hydroxychloroquine, ODN-2088 (both known to affect NETosis pathways), or control injections, or (3) had the injured hind limb immobilized. Single-cell analysis was performed to analyze neutrophils, NETosis, and downstream signaling after the HO-forming injury. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to visualize NETosis at the HO site and neutrophils were identified using flow cytometry. Serum and cell lysates from HO sites were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for myeloperoxidase-DNA and ELA2-DNA complexes to identify NETosis. Micro-computerized tomography was performed on all groups to analyze the HO volume. RESULTS Molecular and transcriptional analyses revealed the presence of NETs within the HO injury site, which peaked in the early phases after injury. These NETs were highly restricted to the HO site, with gene signatures derived from both in vitro NET induction and clinical neutrophil characterizations showing a high degree of NET "priming" at the site of injury, but not in neutrophils in the blood or bone marrow. Cell-cell communication analyses revealed that this localized NET formation coincided with high levels of toll-like receptor signaling specific to neutrophils at the injury site. Reducing the overall neutrophil abundance within the injury site, either pharmacologically through treatment with hydroxychloroquine, the toll-like receptor 9 inhibitor OPN-2088, or mechanical treatment with limb offloading, results in the mitigation of HO formation. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a further understanding of the ability of neutrophils to form NETs at the injury site, clarify the role of neutrophils in HO, and identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HO mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna H Nunez
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Conan Juan
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Jonathan Hong
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Alec C Bancroft
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Charles Hwang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Jessica Marie Medrano
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Amanda K Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Robert J Tower
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Department of Surgery, Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX
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Ishqi HM, Ali M, Dawra R. Recent advances in the role of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps in acute pancreatitis. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4107-4122. [PMID: 37725239 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease, which is triggered by adverse events in acinar cells of the pancreas. After the initial injury, infiltration of neutrophils in pancreas is observed. In the initial stages of pancreatitis, the inflammation is sterile. It has been shown that the presence of neutrophils at the injury site can modulate the disease. Their depletion in experimental animal models of the acute pancreatitis has been shown to be protective. But information on mechanism of contribution to inflammation by neutrophils at the injury site is not clear. Once at injury site, activated neutrophils release azurophilic granules containing proteolytic enzymes and generate hypochlorous acid which is a strong microbicidal agent. Additionally, emerging evidence shows that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are formed which consist of decondensed DNA decorated with histones, proteases and granular and cytosolic proteins. NETs are considered mechanical traps for microbes, but there is preliminary evidence to indicate that NETs, which constitute a special mechanism of the neutrophil defence system, play an adverse role in pancreatitis by contributing to the pancreatic inflammation and distant organ injury. This review presents the overall current information about neutrophils and their role including NETs in acute pancreatitis (AP). It also highlights current gaps in knowledge which should be explored to fully elucidate the role of neutrophils in AP and for therapeutic gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mubarak Ishqi
- Department of Surgery and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Misha Ali
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rajinder Dawra
- Department of Surgery and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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10
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Jie SS, Sun HJ, Liu JX, Gao Y, Bai D, Zhu LL, Zhao HY, Zeng H, Ma YL. Simiao Yong'an decoction ameliorates murine collagen-induced arthritis by modulating neutrophil activities: An in vitro and in vivo study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116119. [PMID: 36596398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic autoimmune disease with high morbidity and disability rate. Currently, there is no effective allopathic treatment for RA, and most of the drugs provoke many adverse effects. Simiao Yong'an decoction (SMYAD) is a traditional Chinese prescription for the treatment of sore and gangrene caused by hot poison. With the development of pharmacology and clinical research, SMYAD has remarkable anti-inflammatory properties and has been used for RA treatments for years. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effect of SMYAD and further explore the immunopharmacological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by two-time immunizations. Collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) mice were divided into 4 groups: control, model, methotrexate (MTX), and SMYAD group (n = 6). The administration groups were given MTX (0.5 mg/kg/3 d) and SMYAD (4.5 g/kg/d) by gavage from day 14. The arthritis index (AI) score was evaluated every 3 days after the second immunization. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Safranin-O fast green staining, Trap staining, and Micro-CT were used to measure the histopathology injuries and bone destruction of joints. Granulocyte changes in the spleen, bone marrow, and period blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in joints were detected by qRT-PCR. SMYAD-containing serum was obtained from SD rats gavaged with SMYAD. Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood and bone marrow for the in vitro experiments of transwell cell assay, apoptosis assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. RESULTS SMYAD significantly relieved arthritis severity in CIA mice. The AI score was significantly decreased in the SMYAD group compared with the model group. Additionally, SMYAD alleviated inflammatory infiltration, cartilage damage, osteoclast formation, and bone damage in the ankle joints. In the flow cytometry assay, SMYAD significantly reduced granulocytes number in the spleen and bone marrow, while increased in peripheral blood. Furthermore, compared with the CIA group, SMYAD suppressed the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, and IL-8 in the inflamed joints. In the in vitro studies, 20% SMYAD-containing serum effectively inhibited the migration of neutrophils, promoted neutrophils apoptosis, reduced ROS production and NETs formation. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results demonstrated that SMYAD effectively restrained arthritis in CIA mice by modulating neutrophil activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Jie
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hui-Juan Sun
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Dong Bai
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Liu-Luan Zhu
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Ya-Luan Ma
- The Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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11
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Sinomenine ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis by inhibiting the autophagy/NETosis/inflammation axis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3933. [PMID: 36894604 PMCID: PMC9998614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) which are the specific dying form of neutrophil upon activation have fundamental role in the rheumatoid arthritis onset and progression. The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of Sinomenine on adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice, and the neutrophil activities regulated by Sinomenine. The rheumatoid arthritis model was established by local injection of adjuvant and the Sinomenine treatment was administered orally for 30 days, during which, arthritic scores were evaluated and the joint diameter was measured to determine disease progression. The joint tissues and serum were acquired for further tests after sacrifice. Cytometric beads assay was performed to measure the concentration of cytokines. For paraffin-embedded ankle tissues, hematoxylin and erosin staining and Safranin O-fast staining were adopted to monitor the tissue changes of joint. In order to analyze the inflammation, NETs and autophagy of neutrophils in vivo, immunohistochemistry assays were applied to detect the protein expression levels in the local joints. To describe the effect brought by Sinomenine on inflammation, autophagy and NETs in vitro, the western blotting and the immunofluorescence assays were performed. The joint symptoms of the adjuvant induced arthritis were alleviated by the Sinomenine treatment significantly in terms of the ankle diameter and scores. The improvement of local histopathology changes and decrease of inflammatory cytokines in the serum also confirmed the efficacy. The expression levels of interleukin-6, P65 and p-P65 in the ankle areas of mice were remarkably reduced by Sinomenine. Compared with the model group, the decreased expression levels of lymphocyte antigen 6 complex and myeloperoxidase in the Sinomenine treating group showed the inhibitory effect of Sinomenine on the neutrophil migration. The expression of protein arginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4), ctrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) had the similar tendency. Upon activation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro, Sinomenine suppressed the phosphorylation of P65, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and P38 of neutrophil. Meanwhile, Sinomenine inhibited NETs formation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which were demonstrated by the decreased expression of neutrophil elastase (NE), PAD4 and CitH3. Sinomenine also inhibited PMA-induced autophagy in vitro based on the changes of Beclin-1 and LC3B. Sinomenine has good efficacy in treating adjuvant induced arthritis via regulating neutrophil activities. Apart from inhibiting activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the mechanism includes suppression of NETs formation via autophagy inhibition.
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12
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Davé E, Durrant O, Dhami N, Compson J, Broadbridge J, Archer S, Maroof A, Whale K, Menochet K, Bonnaillie P, Barry E, Wild G, Peerboom C, Bhatta P, Ellis M, Hinchliffe M, Humphreys DP, Heywood SP. TRYBE®: an Fc-free antibody format with three monovalent targeting arms engineered for long in vivo half-life. MAbs 2023; 15:2160229. [PMID: 36788124 PMCID: PMC9937000 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2160229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
TrYbe® is an Fc-free therapeutic antibody format, capable of engaging up to three targets simultaneously, with long in vivo half-life conferred by albumin binding. This format is shown by small-angle X-ray scattering to be conformationally flexible with favorable 'reach' properties. We demonstrate the format's broad functionality by co-targeting of soluble and cell surface antigens. The benefit of monovalent target binding is illustrated by the lack of formation of large immune complexes when co-targeting multivalent antigens. TrYbes® are manufactured using standard mammalian cell culture and protein A affinity capture processes. TrYbes® have been formulated at high concentrations and have favorable drug-like properties, including stability, solubility, and low viscosity. The unique functionality and inherent developability of the TrYbe® makes it a promising multi-specific antibody fragment format for antibody therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Davé
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | - Neha Dhami
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Whale
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | | | - Emily Barry
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | - Gavin Wild
- PV Supply and Technology Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | - Claude Peerboom
- PV Supply and Technology Solutions, UCB Biopharma SRL, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium, EU
| | | | - Mark Ellis
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK
| | | | | | - Sam P. Heywood
- Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, Slough, UK,CONTACT Sam P. Heywood Early Solutions, UCB Biopharma UK, 208 Bath Road, Slough, SL1 3XE, Slough, UK
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13
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Shao YR, Xu DY, Lin J. Nutrients and rheumatoid arthritis: From the perspective of neutrophils. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113607. [PMID: 36923418 PMCID: PMC10008948 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are considered as core immune cells involve in the early stage of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and participate in the disease progression. The underlining mechanisms include the elevated chemotaxis and infiltration of neutrophils, the increase in the reactive oxygen species and the promotion of neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Accumulating studies demonstrated the important role of nutrients intake played in the initiation and progression of RA. This study summarized the effects of several macronutrients and micronutrients on regulating RA through the modulation of activated neutrophils and appealed for a healthy diet in RA-risk individuals as well as RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Shao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Yi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Lu Q, Xu J, Jiang H, Wei Q, Huang R, Huang G. The bone-protective mechanisms of active components from TCM drugs in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1000865. [PMID: 36386147 PMCID: PMC9641143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1000865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease whose hallmarks are synovial inflammation and irreversible bone destruction. Bone resorption resulting from osteoclasts involves the whole immune and bone systems. Breakdown of bone remodeling is attributed to overactive immune cells that produce large quantities of cytokines, upregulated differentiation of osteoclasts with enhanced resorptive activities, suppressed differentiation of osteoblasts, invading fibroblasts and microbiota dysbiosis. Despite the mitigation of inflammation, the existing treatment in Western medicine fails to prevent bone loss during disease progression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years in RA treatment, showing great efficacy in bone preservation. The complex components from the decoctions and prescriptions exhibit various pharmacological activities. This review summarizes the research progress that has been made in terms of the bone-protective effect of some representative compounds from TCM drugs and proposes the substantial mechanisms involved in bone metabolism to provide some clues for future studies. These active components systemically suppress bone destruction via inhibiting joint inflammation, osteoclast differentiation, and fibroblast proliferation. Neutrophil, gut microenvironment and microRNA has been proposed as future focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haixu Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuzhu Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Runyue Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guangrui Huang, ; Runyue Huang,
| | - Guangrui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guangrui Huang, ; Runyue Huang,
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15
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Sansone C, Balestra C, Pistelli L, Del Mondo A, Osca D, Brunet C, Crocetta F. A Comparative Analysis of Mucus Immunomodulatory Properties from Seven Marine Gastropods from the Mediterranean Sea. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152340. [PMID: 35954185 PMCID: PMC9367618 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of inflammatory and immune-related diseases due to dysfunctioning of the immune system necessitates modulation of the immune response through immunomodulatory compounds. Marine environments are considered as a new frontier for health benefit product implementations. Marine biodiversity is still a low explored resource, despite it is expected to represent an important platform for chemical bioactive compounds. Within the phylum Mollusca, gastropods are known to synthetize mucus, the latter presenting relevant bioactive properties, e.g., related to immunomodulant molecules able to activate the innate and acquired immune system. This study proposes a bioprospecting of the immunomodulant activity of mucus isolated from seven common gastropod species from the Gulf of Naples (Mediterranean Sea). Results showed that not all mucus displayed a significant cytotoxic activity on the two human cancer cell lines A549 and A2058. On the other hand, the mucus from Bolinus brandaris was strongly bioactive and was therefore thoroughly investigated at cellular, molecular, and protein levels on the human monocytes U937 line. It can conclusively induce monocyte differentiation in vitro and significantly stimulate natural immunity response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina Sansone
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (C.B.); (L.P.); (A.D.M.); (C.B.)
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Council of Reasearch, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Cecilia Balestra
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (C.B.); (L.P.); (A.D.M.); (C.B.)
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics—OGS, I-34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Pistelli
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (C.B.); (L.P.); (A.D.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Angelo Del Mondo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (C.B.); (L.P.); (A.D.M.); (C.B.)
| | - David Osca
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (D.O.); (F.C.)
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (C.B.); (L.P.); (A.D.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Fabio Crocetta
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, I-80121 Napoli, Italy; (D.O.); (F.C.)
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16
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Cao Z, Huang D, Tang C, Zeng M, Hu X. PFKL, a novel regulatory node for NOX2-dependent oxidative burst and NETosis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:607-612. [PMID: 35794690 PMCID: PMC9264108 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.,The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.,The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Cifei Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.,The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.,The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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17
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de Buhr N, Baumann T, Werlein C, Fingerhut L, Imker R, Meurer M, Götz F, Bronzlik P, Kühnel MP, Jonigk DD, Ernst J, Leotescu A, Gabriel MM, Worthmann H, Lichtinghagen R, Tiede A, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Falk CS, Weissenborn K, Schuppner R, Grosse GM. Insights Into Immunothrombotic Mechanisms in Acute Stroke due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:879157. [PMID: 35619694 PMCID: PMC9128407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.879157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination is the most important countermeasure. Pharmacovigilance concerns however emerged with very rare, but potentially disastrous thrombotic complications following vaccination with ChAdOx1. Platelet factor-4 antibody mediated vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) was described as an underlying mechanism of these thrombotic events. Recent work moreover suggests that mechanisms of immunothrombosis including neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation might be critical for thrombogenesis during VITT. In this study, we investigated blood and thrombus specimens of a female patient who suffered severe stroke due to VITT after vaccination with ChAdOx1 in comparison to 13 control stroke patients with similar clinical characteristics. We analyzed cerebral thrombi using histological examination, staining of complement factors, NET-markers, DNase and LL-37. In blood samples at the hyper-acute phase of stroke and 7 days later, we determined cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase-histone complexes, DNase activity, myeloperoxidase activity, LL-37 and inflammatory cytokines. NET markers were identified in thrombi of all patients. Interestingly, the thrombus of the VITT-patient exclusively revealed complement factors and high amounts of DNase and LL-37. High DNase activity was also measured in blood, implying a disturbed NET-regulation. Furthermore, serum of the VITT-patient inhibited reactive oxygen species-dependent NET-release by phorbol-myristate-acetate to a lesser degree compared to controls, indicating either less efficient NET-inhibition or enhanced NET-induction in the blood of the VITT-patient. Additionally, the changes in specific cytokines over time were emphasized in the VITT-patient as well. In conclusion, insufficient resolution of NETs, e.g. by endogenous DNases or protection of NETs against degradation by embedded factors like the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 might thus be an important factor in the pathology of VITT besides increased NET-formation. On the basis of these findings, we discuss the potential implications of the mechanisms of disturbed NETs-degradation for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in VITT-related thrombogenesis, other auto-immune disorders and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tristan Baumann
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Leonie Fingerhut
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rabea Imker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marita Meurer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Friedrich Götz
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul Bronzlik
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark P Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny D Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna Ernst
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrei Leotescu
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria M Gabriel
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Worthmann
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiede
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine S Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Ramona Schuppner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerrit M Grosse
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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18
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de Moraes Mazetto B, Hounkpe BW, da Silva Saraiva S, Vieira-Damiani G, dos Santos APR, Jacinto BC, de Oliveira Vaz C, Mesquita GTV, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM, De Paula EV, Orsi FA. Association between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome. Thromb Res 2022; 214:132-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Galvão I, Sousa LP, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. PI3K Isoforms in Cell Signalling and Innate Immune Cell Responses. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:147-164. [PMID: 36243843 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) are enzymes involved in signalling and modification of the function of all mammalian cells. These enzymes phosphorylate the 3-hydroxyl group of the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol, resulting in lipid products that act as second messengers responsible for coordinating many cellular functions, including activation, chemotaxis, proliferation and survival. The identification of the functions that are mediated by a specific PI3K isoform is complex and depends on the specific cell type and inflammatory context. In this chapter we will focus on the role of PI3K isoforms in the context of innate immunity, focusing on the mechanisms by which PI3K signalling regulates phagocytosis, the activation of immunoglobulin, chemokine and cytokines receptors, production of ROS and cell migration, and how PI3K signalling plays a central role in host defence against infections and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Galvão
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Resolution of Inflammation Laboratory, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Signalling in Inflammation Laboratory, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Resolution of Inflammation Laboratory, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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20
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Ma Y, Li S, Ye S, Tang S, Hu D, Wei L, Xiao F. Hexavalent chromium inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and promotes the apoptosis of neutrophils via AMPK signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112614. [PMID: 34385063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the most common heavy metal pollutant, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has caused serious environmental pollution and health damage. Although the toxic effect of Cr(VI) has been widely studied, and oxidative stress has been confirmed to be the main mechanism of its cytotoxicity, the toxicity of Cr(VI) to human immune system remains to be elucidated. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) participate in the innate immune response, and the release of NETs is considered to be the most important part of the extracellular killing mechanism. We demonstrated in this study that Cr(VI) inhibited the formation of NETs in rat peripheral blood and induced neutrophils apoptosis by inhibiting the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Cr(VI)-induced inhibition of NETs was accompanied by down-regulated myeloperoxidase (MPO)/Histones-3 (H3) protein expressions and decreased NETs-associated intracellular and extracellular DNA levels in the neutrophils. Metformin (Met), as an AMPK activator, triggered autophagy and thus alleviated the inhibitory effect of Cr(VI) on NETs. At the same time, Met can reduce the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by activating the AMPK/nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, thus alleviating Cr(VI)-induced neutrophils apoptosis. In conclusion, this study elucidated the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced neutrophils toxicity and the role of AMPK as a key regulatory signal, which could provide valuable experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of related diseases in Cr(VI)-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China.
| | - Siwen Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China.
| | - Shuzi Ye
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Sixuan Tang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Die Hu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Lai Wei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China.
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21
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Mutua V, Gershwin LJ. A Review of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Disease: Potential Anti-NETs Therapeutics. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 61:194-211. [PMID: 32740860 PMCID: PMC7395212 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in response to a variety of stimuli. NETosis is driven by protein-arginine deiminase type 4, with the release of intracellular granule components that function by capturing and destroying microbes, including viral, fungal, bacterial, and protozoal pathogens. The positive effects of pathogen control are countered by pro-inflammatory effects as demonstrated in a variety of diseases. Components of NETS are non-specific, and other than controlling microbes, they cause injury to surrounding tissue by themselves or by increasing the pro-inflammatory response. NETs can play a role in enhancement of the inflammation seen in autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosis. In addition, autoinflammatory diseases such as gout have been associated with NETosis. Inhibition of NETs may decrease the severity of many diseases improving survival. Herein, we describe NETosis in different diseases focusing on the detrimental effect of NETs and outline possible therapeutics that can be used to mitigate netosis. There is a need for more studies and clinical trials on these and other compounds that could prevent or destroy NETs, thereby decreasing damage to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mutua
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Laurel J Gershwin
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, USA
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22
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Yang P, Zhu K, Lin S, Chen Z, Liu M, Liu Q, Lin C, Chu C, Xu Q. Association between neutrophils and renal impairment of rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:1000-1008. [PMID: 34033704 PMCID: PMC8342230 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that increased neutrophils, as a manifestation of oxidative stress, may be involved in the progression of kidney disease. To our knowledge, little is known about the relationship between neutrophils and renal impairment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, we aim to investigate whether neutrophil is associated with renal impairment in RA patients. METHODS We retrospectively investigated the renal function of 602 RA patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from September 2018 and September 2019. The exposure variable was neutrophils, and the main outcome was eGFR. General data (gender, age, duration, hypertension, diabetes, hobbies, and medication history), whole blood markers, lipid indexes, and inflammatory indexes were collected as much as possible. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between neutrophils and renal impairment in RA participants. RESULTS A total of 89 cases (14.8%) had renal impairment with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 , and 75 cases (84.3%) were female. Subgroup analysis showed that female (odds ratio [OR] = 0.523, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.318-0.867, p = .011), neutrophils greater thsn 7.5 × 109 /L (OR = 2.314, 95% CI: 1.310-4.087, p = .004), NLR > 3.53 (OR = 1.757, 95% CI: 1.104-2.799, p = .018), hemoglobin less than 120 g/L (OR = 2.413, 95% CI: 1.418-4.118, p = .001), and UA > 360 μmol/L (OR = 6.052, 95% CI: 3.708-9.878, p < .001) was related to renal damage in RA. Adjusted for several confounders, the multivariable analysis indicated that neutrophils greater than 7.5 × 109 /L (OR = 1.784, 95% CI: 1.164-3.288, p = .031) was independently associated with an increased risk of renal impairment in RA. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that neutrophils greater than 7.5 × 109 /L was associated with a high risk of renal impairment in RA, suggesting that neutrophil may be a biomarker for renal impairment in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Dan Yang
- Department of RheumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- The First Medical SchoolGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Kai‐Jun Zhu
- Department of RheumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Department of RheumatologyZhengzhou Second HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Si‐Min Lin
- The First Medical SchoolGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhi‐Xin Chen
- Chinese Medicine DepartmentSouth China Agricultural University HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Min‐Ying Liu
- Department of RheumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- The First Medical SchoolGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Qing‐Ping Liu
- Department of RheumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- The First Medical SchoolGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Chang‐Song Lin
- Department of RheumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- The First Medical SchoolGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Cong‐Qiu Chu
- Division of RheumatologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of RheumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- The First Medical SchoolGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
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23
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Kaur G, Sharma A, Bhatnagar A. Role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis: insights into NRF2-KEAP1 signalling. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:385-397. [PMID: 34415206 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1963959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most prevalent, chronic, inflammatory disorders involving multiple articular and extra-articular complications. Immune deregulation owing to a combinatorial network of cells, inflammatory components, degrading enzymes, angiogenetic factors, exhibiting pleiotropy, synergy, or redundancy, is a critical hallmark for synovial inflammatory milieu reasoning clinical heterogeneity and variability of the disease. As a prototype of autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis has been linked to oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism for these potential driving factors contributing to disease inception and perpetuation is yet elusive. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 - Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) pathway, controlled via multifactorial regulation, functions as a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved intracellular defense mechanism. Nrf2-Keap1 signalling maintains homeostatic responses against a plethora of environmental or endogenous deviations in cellular growth, death, redox metabolism, inflammation, bone remodelling, detoxification, etc. Administration of antioxidants as an add-on pharmacotherapy along with conventional drugs has been elucidated as a better measure for disease management. Some of the most promising natural and synthetic redox-based therapeutic compounds function as either scavengers of reactive species, or inhibitors of their sources, or activators of an endogenous antioxidant system (Nrf2-Keap1). The present review focuses on the binomial "rheumatoid arthritis-oxidative stress", bringing insights into their pathophysiological interrelationships and Nrf2 signalling, as well as the implications of potential diagnostic oxidative stress biomarkers and therapeutic interventions directed for disease management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Highlights:RA has complex etiopathogenesis, evolving from multiple endogenous and exogenous factors with oxidative stress as a critical pathogenic signature.Oxidative damage and damaged compounds could serve as potent biomarkers for disease diagnosis, therapeutic response, and prognosis.One of the supreme cytoprotective signalling cascades, the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway has been known to elicit a protective effect against RA and various other autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disorders.Inclusion of natural and synthetic antioxidants has been encouraged by various studies for additional therapy to conventional drugs for better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjasmine Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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24
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Qin X, He L, Fan D, Liang W, Wang Q, Fang J. Targeting the resolution pathway of inflammation using Ac2-26 peptide-loaded PEGylated lipid nanoparticles for the remission of rheumatoid arthritis. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:483-493. [PMID: 34703497 PMCID: PMC8520054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and immune dysfunction. Although various therapeutic approaches have been utilized for the treatment of RA in clinical applications, the low responsiveness of RA patients and undesired systemic toxicity are still unresolved problems. Targeting the resolution pathway of inflammation with pro-resolving mediators would evoke the protective actions of patient for combating the inflammation. Ac2-26, a 25-amino acid peptide derived from Annexin A (a pro-resolving mediator), has shown good efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. However, the low bioavailability of Ac2-26 peptides hinders their efficacy in vivo. In this paper, we formed PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (LDNPs) by the co-assembly of l-ascorbyl palmitate (L-AP) and N-(carbonyl methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000)-1,2-distearoyl-sn‑glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE-PEG2k) to encapsulate and deliver Ac2-26 peptides to the arthritic rats. They showed good stability and biocompatibility. After being intravenously administrated, Ac2-26 peptide-loaded PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (ADNPs) showed the prolonged in vivo circulation time and enhanced accumulation in inflamed sites. In vivo therapeutic evaluations revealed that ADNPs could attenuate synovial inflammation and improve joint pathology. Therefore, the pro-resolving therapeutic strategy using ADNPs is effective in RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Liming He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Donghao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenlang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jiyu Fang
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Florida 32816, United State
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25
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Torres W, Chávez-Castillo M, Peréz-Vicuña JL, Carrasquero R, Díaz MP, Gomez Y, Ramírez P, Cano C, Rojas-Quintero J, Chacín M, Velasco M, de Sanctis JB, Bermudez V. Potential role of bioactive lipids in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4434-4451. [PMID: 34036919 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210525164734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which involves a pathological inflammatory response against articular cartilage in multiple joints throughout the body. It is a complex disorder associated with comorbidities such as depression, lymphoma, osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which significantly deteriorate patients' quality of life and prognosis. This has ignited a large initiative to elucidate the physiopathology of RA, aiming to identify new therapeutic targets and approaches in its multidisciplinary management. Recently, various lipid bioactive products have been proposed to have an essential role in this process; including eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving mediators, phospholipids/sphingolipids, and endocannabinoids. Dietary interventions using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or treatment with synthetic endocannabinoids agonists have been shown to significantly ameliorate RA symptoms. Indeed, the modulation of lipid metabolism may be crucial in the pathophysiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wheeler Torres
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - José L Peréz-Vicuña
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - María P Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Yosselin Gomez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Paola Ramírez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston. 0
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla. Colombia
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Caracas. Venezuela
| | - Juan Bautista de Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. Palacky University. Czech Republic
| | - Valmore Bermudez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla. Colombia
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26
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McKenna E, Mhaonaigh AU, Wubben R, Dwivedi A, Hurley T, Kelly LA, Stevenson NJ, Little MA, Molloy EJ. Neutrophils: Need for Standardized Nomenclature. Front Immunol 2021; 12:602963. [PMID: 33936029 PMCID: PMC8081893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.602963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cell with critical anti-microbial functions. Since the discovery of granulocytes at the end of the nineteenth century, the cells have been given many names including phagocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (G-MDSC), low density neutrophils (LDN) and tumor associated neutrophils (TANS). This lack of standardized nomenclature for neutrophils suggest that biologically distinct populations of neutrophils exist, particularly in disease, when in fact these may simply be a manifestation of the plasticity of the neutrophil as opposed to unique populations. In this review, we profile the surface markers and granule expression of each stage of granulopoiesis to offer insight into how each stage of maturity may be identified. We also highlight the remarkable surface marker expression profiles between the supposed neutrophil populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen McKenna
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Research Laboratory, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Richard Wubben
- Viral Immunology Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amrita Dwivedi
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, TTMI, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tim Hurley
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Research Laboratory, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Neonatology, Coombe Women and Infant's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lynne A Kelly
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Research Laboratory, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nigel J Stevenson
- Viral Immunology Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland.,Viral Immunology Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
| | - Mark A Little
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, TTMI, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eleanor J Molloy
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatric Research Laboratory, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Neonatology, Coombe Women and Infant's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland.,Neonatology, Children's Hospital Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.,Paediatrics, CHI at Tallaght, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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27
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Osada A, Matsumoto I, Mikami N, Ohyama A, Kurata I, Kondo Y, Tsuboi H, Ishigami A, Sano Y, Arai T, Ise N, Sumida T. Citrullinated inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 in arthritic joints and its potential effect in the neutrophil migration. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 203:385-399. [PMID: 33238047 PMCID: PMC7874842 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The citrullinated inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (cit-ITIH4) was identified as its blood level was associated with the arthritis score in peptide glucose-6-phosphate-isomerase-induced arthritis (pGIA) mice and the disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to clarify its citrullination pathway and function as related to neutrophils. In pGIA-afflicted joints, ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 levels were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP) and Western blotting (WB), while peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) expression was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), IHC and immunofluorescent methods. The pGIA mice received anti-lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D (Ly6G) antibodies to deplete neutrophils and the expression of cit-ITIH4 was investigated by WB. The amounts of ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 in synovial fluid (SF) from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients were examined by I.P. and W.B. Recombinant ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 were incubated with sera from healthy volunteers before its chemotactic ability and C5a level were evaluated using Boyden's chamber assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). During peak arthritic phase, ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 were increased in joints while PAD4 was over-expressed, especially in the infiltrating neutrophils of pGIA mice. Levels of cit-ITIH4 in plasma and joints significantly decreased upon neutrophil depletion. ITIH4 was specifically citrullinated in SF from RA patients compared with OA patients. Native ITIH4 inhibited neutrophilic migration and decreased C5a levels, while cit-ITIH4 increased its migration and C5a levels significantly. Cit-ITIH4 is generated mainly in inflamed joints by neutrophils via PAD4. Citrullination of ITIH4 may change its function to up-regulate neutrophilic migration by activating the complement cascade, exacerbating arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Osada
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - I. Matsumoto
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - N. Mikami
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - A. Ohyama
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - I. Kurata
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Y. Kondo
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - H. Tsuboi
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - A. Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of GerontologyItabashi‐kuJapan
| | - Y. Sano
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences at FujiyoshidaShowa universityFujiyoshidaJapan
| | | | - N. Ise
- Fujirebio IncHachiojiJapan
| | - T. Sumida
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
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28
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Ling S, Xu JW. NETosis as a Pathogenic Factor for Heart Failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6687096. [PMID: 33680285 PMCID: PMC7929675 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure threatens the lives of patients and reduces their quality of life. Heart failure, especially heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is closely related to systemic and local cardiac persistent chronic low-grade aseptic inflammation, microvascular damage characterized by endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, myocardial remodeling, and fibrosis. However, the initiation and development of persistent chronic low-grade aseptic inflammation is unexplored. Oxidative stress-mediated neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are the main immune defense mechanism against external bacterial infections. Furthermore, NETs play important roles in noninfectious diseases. After the onset of myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, or myocarditis, neutrophils infiltrate the damaged tissue and aggravate inflammation. In tissue injury, damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs) may induce pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to cause NETs, but whether NETs are directly involved in the pathogenesis and development of heart failure and the mechanism is still unclear. In this review, we analyzed the markers of heart failure and heart failure-related diseases and comorbidities, such as mitochondrial DNA, high mobility box group box 1, fibronectin extra domain A, and galectin-3, to explore their role in inducing NETs and to investigate the mechanism of PRRs, such as Toll-like receptors, receptor for advanced glycation end products, cGAS-STING, and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2, in activating NETosis. Furthermore, we discussed oxidative stress, especially the possibility that imbalance of thiol redox and MPO-derived HOCl promotes the production of 2-chlorofatty acid and induces NETosis, and analyzed the possibility of NETs triggering coronary microvascular thrombosis. In some heart diseases, the deletion or blocking of neutrophil-specific myeloperoxidase and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 has shown effectiveness. According to the results of current pharmacological studies, MPO and PAD4 inhibitors are effective at least for myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and certain autoimmune diseases, whose deterioration can lead to heart failure. This is essential for understanding NETosis as a therapeutic factor of heart failure and the related new pathophysiology and therapeutics of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ling
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jin-Wen Xu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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29
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Xiao J, Wang R, Cai X, Ye Z. Coupling of Co-expression Network Analysis and Machine Learning Validation Unearthed Potential Key Genes Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet 2021; 12:604714. [PMID: 33643380 PMCID: PMC7905311 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.604714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an incurable disease that afflicts 0.5–1.0% of the global population though it is less threatening at its early stage. Therefore, improved diagnostic efficiency and prognostic outcome are critical for confronting RA. Although machine learning is considered a promising technique in clinical research, its potential in verifying the biological significance of gene was not fully exploited. The performance of a machine learning model depends greatly on the features used for model training; therefore, the effectiveness of prediction might reflect the quality of input features. In the present study, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in conjunction with differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis to select the key genes that were highly associated with RA phenotypes based on multiple microarray datasets of RA blood samples, after which they were used as features in machine learning model validation. A total of six machine learning models were used to validate the biological significance of the key genes based on gene expression, among which five models achieved good performances [area under curve (AUC) >0.85], suggesting that our currently identified key genes are biologically significant and highly representative of genes involved in RA. Combined with other biological interpretations including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, as well as inference of immune cell composition, our current study might shed a light on the in-depth study of RA diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongsheng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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30
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Active neutrophil responses counteract Candida albicans burn wound infection of ex vivo human skin explants. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21818. [PMID: 33311597 PMCID: PMC7732850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn wounds are highly susceptible sites for colonization and infection by bacteria and fungi. Large wound surface, impaired local immunity, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy support growth of opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans, which may lead to invasive candidiasis. Currently, it remains unknown whether depressed host defenses or fungal virulence drive the progression of burn wound candidiasis. Here we established an ex vivo burn wound model, where wounds were inflicted by applying preheated soldering iron to human skin explants, resulting in highly reproducible deep second-degree burn wounds. Eschar removal by debridement allowed for deeper C. albicans penetration into the burned tissue associated with prominent filamentation. Active migration of resident tissue neutrophils towards the damaged tissue and release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β accompanied the burn. The neutrophil recruitment was further increased upon supplementation of the model with fresh immune cells. Wound area and depth decreased over time, indicating healing of the damaged tissue. Importantly, prominent neutrophil presence at the infected site correlated to the limited penetration of C. albicans into the burned tissue. Altogether, we established a reproducible burn wound model of candidiasis using ex vivo human skin explants, where immune responses actively control the progression of infection and promote tissue healing.
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31
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Huang W, Jiao J, Liu J, Huang M, Hu Y, Ran W, Yan L, Xiong Y, Li M, Quan Z, Rao Y, Chen J, Huang Y, Zhang D. MFG-E8 accelerates wound healing in diabetes by regulating "NLRP3 inflammasome-neutrophil extracellular traps" axis. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:84. [PMID: 32963812 PMCID: PMC7484765 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) impair wound healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Our previous study reported that milk fat globule epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG-E8) attenuates tissue damage in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the functional effect of MFG-E8 on "NLRP3 inflammasome-NETs" inflammatory loop in wound healing of diabetes is not completely elucidated. In this study, neutrophils from DFU patients are susceptible to undergo NETosis, releasing more NETs. The circulating levels of NET components neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 and inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly elevated in DFU patients compared with healthy controls or diabetic patients, in spite of higher levels of MFG-E8 in DFU patients. In Mfge8-/- diabetic mice, skin wound displayed exaggerated inflammatory response, including leukocyte infiltration, excessive activation of NLRP3 inflammasome (release of higher IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α), largely lodged NETs, resulting in poor angiogenesis and wound closure. When stimulated with high-dose glucose or IL-18, MFG-E8-deficient neutrophils release more NETs than WT neutrophils. After administration of recombinant MFG-E8, IL-18-primed NETosis of WT or Mfge8-/- neutrophils was significantly inhibited. Furthermore, NET and mCRAMP (component of NETs, the murine equivalent of cathelicidin LL-37 in human)-mediated activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and production of IL-1β/IL-18 were significantly elevated in Mfge8-/- macrophages compared with WT macrophages, which were also significantly dampened by the administration of rmMFG-E8. Therefore, our study demonstrated that as inhibitor of the "NLRP3 inflammasome-NETs" inflammatory loop, exogenous rMFG-E8 improves angiogenesis and accelerates wound healing, highlighting possible therapeutic potential for DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Jinyu Jiao
- Department of Cardiac Function, Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Wenzhuo Ran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Li Yan
- Clinical Laboratory of Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Ziyao Quan
- Clinical Laboratory of Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahua Rao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei China
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32
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Polymorphonuclear Cell Chemotaxis and Suicidal NETosis: Simultaneous Observation Using fMLP, PMA, H7, and Live Cell Imaging. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1415947. [PMID: 32879894 PMCID: PMC7448108 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1415947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis and the formation of suicidal neutrophil extracellular traps (suicidal NETosis) are key functions of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Neutrophil extracellular traps in particular are known to be significantly involved in the severity of inflammatory and immunological disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Therefore, detailed knowledge of PMNs is essential for analyzing the mechanisms involved in, and developing new therapies for, such diseases. To date, no standard method to analyze these cell activities has been established. This study used in vitro live cell imaging to simultaneously observe and analyze PMN functions. To demonstrate this, the effects of phorbol-12-myristat-13-acetat (PMA, 0.1-10 nM), N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP, 10 nM), and protein kinase C inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7) on PMN chemotaxis and suicidal NETosis were studied. PMA (1 nM-10 nM) resulted in significant concentration-dependent behavior in chemotaxis and an earlier onset of maximum oxidative burst and NET formation of up to 44%. When adding H7, PMA-triggered PMN functions were reduced, demonstrating that all three functions rely mostly on protein kinase C (PKC) activity, while PKC is not essential for fMLP-induced PMN activity. Thus, the method here described can be used to objectively quantify PMN functions and, especially through the regulation of the PKC pathway, could be useful in further clinical studies of immunological disorders.
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33
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Carmona-Rivera C, Carlucci PM, Goel RR, James E, Brooks SR, Rims C, Hoffmann V, Fox DA, Buckner JH, Kaplan MJ. Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate articular cartilage damage and enhance cartilage component immunogenicity in rheumatoid arthritis. JCI Insight 2020; 5:139388. [PMID: 32484790 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.139388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial joint inflammation, cartilage damage, and dysregulation of the adaptive immune system. While neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been proposed to play a role in the generation of modified autoantigens and in the activation of synovial fibroblasts, it remains unknown whether NETs are directly involved in cartilage damage. Here, we report a new mechanism by which NET-derived elastase disrupts cartilage matrix and induces release of membrane-bound peptidylarginine deiminase-2 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). Cartilage fragments are subsequently citrullinated, internalized by FLSs, and then presented to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, immune complexes containing citrullinated cartilage components can activate macrophages to release proinflammatory cytokines. HLA-DRB1*04:01 transgenic mice immunized with NETs develop autoantibodies against citrullinated cartilage proteins and display enhanced cartilage damage. Inhibition of NET-derived elastase rescues NET-mediated cartilage damage. These results show that NETs and neutrophil elastase externalized in these structures play fundamental pathogenic roles in promoting cartilage damage and synovial inflammation. Strategies targeting neutrophil elastase and NETs could have a therapeutic role in RA and in other inflammatory diseases associated with inflammatory joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip M Carlucci
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rishi R Goel
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eddie James
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Office of the Clinical Director, Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cliff Rims
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David A Fox
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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34
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Kovalenko P, Paccaly A, Boyapati A, Xu C, St John G, Nivens MC, Davis JD, Rippley R, DiCioccio AT. Population Pharmacodynamic Model of Neutrophil Margination and Tolerance to Describe Effect of Sarilumab on Absolute Neutrophil Count in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 9:405-416. [PMID: 32453485 PMCID: PMC7376291 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that effects of interleukin‐6 pathway inhibitors sarilumab, tocilizumab, and sirukumab on absolute neutrophil count (ANC) are due to margination of circulating neutrophils into rapidly mobilizable noncirculating pools. We developed a population pharmacodynamic model using compartments for neutrophil margination and ANC‐specific tolerance to describe rapid, transient ANC changes in blood following administration of subcutaneous sarilumab and intravenous/subcutaneous tocilizumab based on data from 322 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in two single‐dose (NCT02097524 and NCT02404558) and one multiple‐dose (NCT01768572) trials. The model incorporated a tolerance compartment to account for ANC nadir and beginning of recovery before maximal drug concentration after subcutaneous dosing, and absence of a nadir plateau when the ANC response is saturated after subcutaneous or intravenous dosing. The model effectively describes the ANC changes and supports neutrophil margination and tolerance as an explanation for the absence of increased infection risk associated with low ANC due to interleukin‐6 pathway inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Paccaly
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Anita Boyapati
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - John D Davis
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Ronda Rippley
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
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35
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Yuan K, Zhu Q, Lu Q, Jiang H, Zhu M, Li X, Huang G, Xu A. Quercetin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting neutrophil inflammatory activities. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 84:108454. [PMID: 32679549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prototypical autoimmune disorder mainly characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage destruction. Neutrophils actively take part in the initiation and progression of RA. Neutrophils express inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and chemokines. Aberrant formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of RA. Thus, neutrophils are regarded as important therapeutic targets in RA treatment. Quercetin is one of the major flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables. Previous studies have demonstrated that quercetin is a potential agent for the treatment of RA. However, the underlying antiarthritic mechanism of quercetin has not been investigated clearly. In this study, we analyzed the therapeutic mechanism of quercetin for RA. Our results showed that quercetin ameliorates inflammation in RA mice by inhibiting neutrophil activities. Quercetin inhibited neutrophil infiltration and reduced the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines. Quercetin promoted the apoptosis of activated neutrophils. In addition, quercetin inhibited NET formation by suppressing autophagy. These findings suggest that quercetin may be an alternative agent for the treatment of RA by inhibiting neutrophil activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; The Seventh Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haixu Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangrui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Anlong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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36
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Zhou CJ, Mo LH, Luo XQ, Yang G, Diao WL, Hu SP, Yang PC. Identification of antigen-specific neutrophils in the tonsils with recurrent acute inflammation. Autoimmunity 2020; 53:237-244. [PMID: 32525408 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2020.1777284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Jie Zhou
- Beijing University of Chinese Medical Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Luo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Liang Diao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medical Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shi-Ping Hu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medical Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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37
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Fagerhol MK, Johnson E, Tangen JM, Hollan I, Mirlashari MR, Nissen-Meyer LSH, Hetland G. NETs analysed by novel calprotectin-based assays in blood donors and patients with multiple myeloma or rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study. Scand J Immunol 2020; 91:e12870. [PMID: 32034957 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), designed to detect complexes containing DNA, leucocyte calprotectin and S100A12 proteins, were generated for improved specificity and rapid measurement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The assays were applied on plasma and serum samples from blood donors for establishment of reference values, and from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in order to examine putatively increased values in the two different inflammatory conditions. Although NETs were hardly detectable in healthy individuals, NET levels were as expected highly and statistically significantly increased in RA patients. The detection of statistically significantly increased NET levels in MM is a novel finding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Egil Johnson
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, OUH, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ivana Hollan
- Lillehammer Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Lillehammer, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | | | - Geir Hetland
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (OUH), Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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38
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The impact of Clonorchis sinensis infection on immune response in mice with type II collagen-induced arthritis. BMC Immunol 2020; 21:7. [PMID: 32066378 PMCID: PMC7027077 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-0336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchis sinensis infection could trigger strong immune responses in mice and humans. However, whether the C.sinensis infection has an impact on arthritis is unknown. Here we investigated the effect of C.sinensis infection on type II collagen-induced arthritis in BALB/c mice. RESULTS The mice were firstly infected with 45 C.sinensis metacercariae by oral gavage. Four weeks later, arthritis in mice was induced by type II collagen. Joint inflammation with severe redness and swelling in hind paws was observed in type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Besides, the physical activity was significantly reduced, but the respiratory exchange ratio was increased in CIA mice. Compared with CIA mice, C.sinensis infection could increase the severity of arthritis in CIA mice, based on the results of disease score and pathological changes. Compared to CIA mice, increased neutrophils and Ly6Chi monocytes, decreased B cells and CD4+T cells, were found in C.sinensis infected CIA mice. Besides these, C.sinensis infected mice also displayed significantly higher levels of serum IL-4 and IL-17 than those in CIA mice. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data suggest that C.sinensis infection have a bad effect on arthritis, and could induce the abnormality of the immune response in mice with CIA.
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39
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Granger V, Peyneau M, Chollet-Martin S, de Chaisemartin L. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Autoimmunity and Allergy: Immune Complexes at Work. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2824. [PMID: 31849989 PMCID: PMC6901596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been initially described as main actors in host defense owing to their ability to immobilize and sometimes kill microorganisms. Subsequent studies have demonstrated their implication in the pathophysiology of various diseases, due to the toxic effects of their main components on surrounding tissues. Several distinct NETosis pathways have been described in response to various triggers. Among these triggers, IgG immune complexes (IC) play an important role since they induce robust NET release upon binding to activating FcγRs on neutrophils. Few in vitro studies have documented the mechanisms of IC-induced NET release and evidence about the partners involved is controversial. In vivo, animal models and clinical studies have strongly suggested the importance of IgG IC-induced NET release for autoimmunity and anaphylaxis. In this review, we will focus on two autoimmune diseases in which NETs are undoubtedly major players, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We will also discuss anaphylaxis as another example of disease recently associated with IC-induced NET release. Understanding the role of IC-induced NETs in these settings will pave the way for new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Granger
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Marine Peyneau
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sylvie Chollet-Martin
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Luc de Chaisemartin
- Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Auto-immunité et Hypersensibilités, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.,Inflammation Chimiokines et Immunopathologie, INSERM UMR996, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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40
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Prow NA, Hirata TDC, Tang B, Larcher T, Mukhopadhyay P, Alves TL, Le TT, Gardner J, Poo YS, Nakayama E, Lutzky VP, Nakaya HI, Suhrbier A. Exacerbation of Chikungunya Virus Rheumatic Immunopathology by a High Fiber Diet and Butyrate. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2736. [PMID: 31849947 PMCID: PMC6888101 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito transmitted alphavirus associated with a robust systemic infection and an acute inflammatory rheumatic disease. A high fiber diet has been widely promoted for its ability to ameliorate inflammatory diseases. Fiber is fermented in the gut into short chain fatty acids such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which enter the circulation providing systemic anti-inflammatory activities. Herein we show that mice fed a high fiber diet show a clear exacerbation of CHIKV arthropathy, with increased edema and neutrophil infiltrates. RNA-Seq analyses illustrated that a high fiber diet, in this setting, promoted a range of pro-neutrophil responses including Th17/IL-17. Gene Set Enrichment Analyses demonstrated significant similarities with mouse models of inflammatory psoriasis and significant depression of macrophage resolution phase signatures in the CHIKV arthritic lesions from mice fed a high fiber diet. Supplementation of the drinking water with butyrate also increased edema after CHIKV infection. However, the mechanisms involved were different, with modulation of AP-1 and NF-κB responses identified, potentially implicating deoptimization of endothelial barrier repair. Thus, neither fiber nor short chain fatty acids provided benefits in this acute infectious disease setting, which is characterized by widespread viral cytopathic effects and a need for tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Prow
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thiago D C Hirata
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bing Tang
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thibaut Larcher
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 703, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Pamela Mukhopadhyay
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tiago Lubiana Alves
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thuy T Le
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joy Gardner
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yee Suan Poo
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eri Nakayama
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Viviana P Lutzky
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Helder I Nakaya
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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41
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Andrographolide Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Regulating the Apoptosis-NETosis Balance of Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205035. [PMID: 31614480 PMCID: PMC6834122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by symmetric polyarthritis with swelling and pain at synovial joints. In RA patients, delayed neutrophil apoptosis amplifies the inflammatory response and massively released neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induce tissue damage and provide self-antigens. Andrographolide (AD) is the major active labdane diterpenoid derived from Andrographis paniculata, which has multiple pharmacological effects, including hepatoprotection, anti-angiogenesis, anti-thrombosis, and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of AD on an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) murine model of RA and found that AD alleviated murine arthritis by reducing neutrophil infiltration and NETosis in the ankle joints and relieved the systematic inflammation. In vitro experiments showed that AD accelerated the apoptosis of lipopolysaccharide-activated neutrophils and inhibited autophagy-dependent extracellular traps formation of neutrophils. These findings suggest that AD has considerable potential for RA therapy.
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42
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Emodin ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by promoting neutrophil apoptosis and inhibiting neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Mol Immunol 2019; 112:188-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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43
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Morshed A, Abbas AB, Hu J, Xu H. Shedding New Light on The Role of ανβ3 and α5β1 Integrins in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecules 2019; 24:E1537. [PMID: 31003546 PMCID: PMC6515208 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ανβ3 and α5β1 are essential glycoproteins involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Understanding of the role these integrins play in disease have been analyzed via description of cells-expressing ανβ3 and α5β1 and their mediators to trigger inflammation. ανβ3 and α5β1 facilitate cells-ECM and cell-cell communication, producing pro-inflammatory factors. Pro-inflammatory factors are essential for the building of undesirable new blood vessels termed angiogenesis which can further lead to destruction of bones and joints. Despite many attempts to target these glycoproteins, there are still some problems, therefore, there is still interest in understanding the synergistic role these integrins play in the pathogenesis of RA. The purpose of this review is to gain insights into the biological effects of ανβ3 and α5β1 in synovial tissues that are relevant to pathogenesis and therapy of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Morshed
- The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Abdul Baset Abbas
- The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jialiang Hu
- The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hanmei Xu
- The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Nanjing Anji Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210046, China.
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44
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Jung N, Bueb JL, Tolle F, Bréchard S. Regulation of neutrophil pro-inflammatory functions sheds new light on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:170-180. [PMID: 30862503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For more than two centuries now, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is under investigation intending to discover successful treatment. Despite decades of scientific advances, RA is still representing a challenge for contemporary medicine. Current drug therapies allow to improve significantly the quality of life of RA patients; however, they are still insufficient to reverse tissue injury and are often generating side-effects. The difficulty arises from the considerable fluctuation of the clinical course of RA among patients, making the predictive prognosis difficult. More and more studies underline the profound influence of the neutrophil multifaceted functions in the pathogenesis of RA. This renewed interest in the complexity of neutrophil functions in RA offers new exciting opportunities for valuable therapeutic targets as well as for safe and well-tolerated RA treatments. In this review, we aim to update the recent findings on the multiple facets of neutrophils in RA, in particular their impact in promoting the RA-based inflammation through the release of the cytokine-like S100A8/A9 protein complex, as well as the importance of NETosis in the disease progression and development. Furthermore, we delve into the complex question of neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity and discuss the emerging role of miRNAs and epigenetic markers influencing the inflammatory response of neutrophils in RA and how they could constitute the starting point for novel attractive targets in RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jung
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - J-L Bueb
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - F Tolle
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - S Bréchard
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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