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Szczudlik E, Stępniewska A, Bik-Multanowski M, Brandt-Heunemann S, Flehmig B, Małecka-Tendera E, Mazur A, Petriczko E, Ranke MB, Wabitsch M, Zachurzok A, Wójcik M. The age of the obesity onset is a very important factor for the development of metabolic complications and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents with severe obesity. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:3833-3841. [PMID: 38877324 PMCID: PMC11322218 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Severe obesity defined as BMI value corresponding to an adult > 40 kg/m2 affects 1-5% of children and adolescents in Europe. The purpose of this study was to assess the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with severe obesity. The analysis included 140 patients (75 female) at the mean age of 14 ± 2.1 SD (range 10-18) years (all recruited in 4 regional reference centers in Poland). Severe obesity was defined as BMI > 35 kg/m2 (children 6-14 years), and BMI > 40 kg/m2 (> 14 years). Fasting plasma samples have been obtained in all patients, and OGTT was performed in all patients. The metabolic risk factors were defined as high blood pressure (BP > 90 percentile for height, age, and sex), HDL cholesterol < 1.03 mmol/L, TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, and hyperglycemic state (fasting blood glucose > 5.6 mmol/L, or blood glucose 120' after oral glucose load > 7.8 mmol/L). Additionally, the MetS z-score was calculated using Metabolic Syndrome Severity Calculator. One hundred twenty-four (89%) participants presented with high BP, 117 (84%) with abnormal lipid profile, and 26 with the hyperglycemic. Only 12 (9%) were free of metabolic complications. More than 60% of patients had more than one cardiovascular risk factor. The high BP was significantly associated with the severity of obesity (F = 9.9, p = 0.002). Patients with at least one metabolic complication presented with significantly younger age of the onset of obesity (the mean age of the patients with no overt obesity complications was 10 years, while the mean age of those who presented at least one was 4.7 ± 3.5 SD years (p = 0.002)). A significant positive association between in the value of the Mets BMI z-score with age was observed (R = 0.2, p < 0.05). There were no differences between girls and boys regarding Mets BMI z-score (1.7 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 0.7, p = 0.8).Conclusions: The most common metabolic risk factor in children and adolescents with severe obesity was high BP. The most important factor determining presence of obesity complications, and thus the total metabolic risk, seems to be younger (< 5 years) age of onset of obesity. What is Known? • It is estimated that 1-5% of children and adolescents in Europe suffer from severe obesity corresponding to an adult BMI > 40 kg/m2, and it is the fastest growing subcategory of childhood obesity. • Children with severe obesity face substantial health risk that may persist into adulthood, encompassing chronic conditions, psychological disorders and premature mortality. What is new: • The most common complication is high BP that is significantly associated with the severity of obesity (BMI z-score), contrary to dyslipidemia and hyperglycemic state, which do not depend on BMI z-score value. • The most important factor determining presence of obesity complications, and thus the total metabolic risk, seems to be younger (< 5 years) age of onset of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szczudlik
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Stępniewska
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Bik-Multanowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Brandt-Heunemann
- Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Ewa Małecka-Tendera
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Mazur
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Petriczko
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Disorders and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michael B Ranke
- Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Zachurzok
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wójcik
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
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Derikonjic M, Saric Matutinovic M, Vladimirov Sopic S, Antonic T, Stefanovic A, Vekic J, Ardalic D, Miljkovic-Trailovic M, Stankovic M, Gojkovic T, Ivanisevic J, Munjas J, Jovicic S, Mikovic Z, Zeljkovic A. The Effects of Pregestational Overweight and Obesity on Maternal Lipidome in Pregnancy: Implications for Newborns' Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7449. [PMID: 39000556 PMCID: PMC11242260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important risk factor for the development of pregnancy complications. We investigated the effects of pregestational overweight and obesity on maternal lipidome during pregnancy and on newborns' characteristics. The study encompassed 131 pregnant women, 99 with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 and 32 with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Maternal lipid status parameters, plasma markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption and sphingolipids were determined in each trimester. Data on neonatal height, weight and APGAR scores were assessed. The results showed a higher prevalence (p < 0.05) of pregnancy and childbirth complications among the participants with elevated pregestational BMI. Levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.01) were significantly lower, and concentrations of triglycerides were higher (p < 0.05) in women with increased pre-gestational BMI. Lower concentrations of the cholesterol synthesis marker, desmosterol, in the 2nd trimester (p < 0.01) and the cholesterol absorption marker, campesterol, in each trimester (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively) were also found in this group. Markers of maternal cholesterol synthesis were in positive correlation with neonatal APGAR scores in the group of mothers with healthy pre-pregnancy weight but in negative correlation in the overweight/obese group. Our results indicate that gestational adaptations of maternal lipidome depend on her pregestational nutritional status and that such changes may affect neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minja Derikonjic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Marija Saric Matutinovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Sandra Vladimirov Sopic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Tamara Antonic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Daniela Ardalic
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Kraljice Natalije 62, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.A.); (M.S.); (Z.M.)
| | - Milica Miljkovic-Trailovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Marko Stankovic
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Kraljice Natalije 62, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.A.); (M.S.); (Z.M.)
| | - Tamara Gojkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Jasmina Ivanisevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Jelena Munjas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Snezana Jovicic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Zeljko Mikovic
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Kraljice Natalije 62, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.A.); (M.S.); (Z.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.D.); (M.S.M.); (S.V.S.); (T.A.); (A.S.); (J.V.); (M.M.-T.); (T.G.); (J.I.); (J.M.); (S.J.)
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Raducha D, Ratajczak J, Kostrzeba E, Berus E, Walczak M, Petriczko E. Assessment of Biochemical Parameters in 8- and 9-Year-Old Children with Excessive Body Weight Participating in a Year-Long Intervention Program. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6560. [PMID: 37892696 PMCID: PMC10607870 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity represents a significant challenge both clinically and socio-economically. This study aimed to assess specific biochemical parameters, particularly glucose, insulin and lipid profile, before and after a year-long intervention program in 8- and 9-year-old children with excessive body weight living in Szczecin, Poland from 2016 to 2018. The research comprised two phases: screening in elementary schools and intervention in the outpatient clinic of the clinical Pomeranian Medical University hospital. Out of 11,494 8- to 9-year-olds in Szczecin, 42.54% (4890) participated in the screening. In the intervention phase, 515 children were examined. Anthropometric measurements were recorded at each visit, and blood samples were collected during the first and fourth visits. In the statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t-Student and ANOVA tests were employed (with statistical significance when p ≤ 0.05). Results highlighted a significant proportion of children exhibiting disruptions in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. A total of 8.6% of participants had elevated total cholesterol, 9.7% had reduced HDL, 13.4% had elevated LDL, and 21.2% had elevated triglycerides. Initially, abnormal fasting glucose was detected in 4.7% of children, and elevated insulin levels in 3.1%. Metabolic disorders persisted post-intervention despite BMI improvement. The results emphasize the necessity for prolonged programs with frequent follow-ups targeting weight normalization in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Raducha
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (E.B.); (M.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Joanna Ratajczak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-237 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kostrzeba
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (E.B.); (M.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Ewa Berus
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (E.B.); (M.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Mieczysław Walczak
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (E.B.); (M.W.); (E.P.)
| | - Elżbieta Petriczko
- Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (E.B.); (M.W.); (E.P.)
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Moreira ALG, Silva GA, Silva PHF, Salvador SL, Vicente RM, Ferreira GC, Tanus-Santos JE, Mayer MPA, Ishikawa KH, de Souza SLS, Furlaneto FAC, Messora MR. Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis HN019 can reduce the sequelae of experimental periodontitis in rats modulating intestinal parameters, expression of lipogenic genes, and levels of hepatic steatosis. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1006-1019. [PMID: 37482954 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis HN019 (B. lactis HN019) can reduce the sequelae of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats modulating systemic parameters. BACKGROUND This study evaluated the effects of probiotic therapy (PROB) in the prevention of local and systemic damage resulting from EP. METHODS Forty-eight rats were allocated into four groups: C (control), PROB, EP, and EP-PROB. PROB (1 × 1010 CFU/mL) administration lasted 8 weeks and PE was induced on the 7th week by placing ligature on the animals' lower first molars. All animals were euthanized in the 9th week of the experiment. Biomolecular analyses, RT-PCR, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. The data obtained were analyzed statistically (ANOVA, Tukey, p < .05). RESULTS The EP group had higher dyslipidemia when compared to the C group, as well as higher levels of insulin resistance, proteinuria levels, percentages of systolic blood pressure, percentage of fatty hepatocytes in the liver, and expression of adipokines was up-regulated (LEPR, NAMPT, and FABP4). All these parameters (except insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, LEPR and FABP4 gene expression) were reduced in the EP-PROB group when compared to the EP group. The EP group had lower villus height and crypt depth, as well as a greater reduction in Bacteroidetes and a greater increase in Firmicutes when compared to the EP-PROB group. Greater alveolar bone loss was observed in the EP group when compared to the EP-PROB group. CONCLUSION Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 can reduce the sequelae of EP in rats modulating intestinal parameters, attenuating expression of lipogenic genes and hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- André L G Moreira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giselle A Silva
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro H F Silva
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L Salvador
- Department of Clinical Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raphael M Vicente
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziele C Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose E Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia P A Mayer
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karin H Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luís Scombatti de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia A C Furlaneto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michel R Messora
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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De Spiegeleer M, Plekhova V, Geltmeyer J, Schoolaert E, Pomian B, Singh V, Wijnant K, De Windt K, Paukku V, De Loof A, Gies I, Michels N, De Henauw S, De Graeve M, De Clerck K, Vanhaecke L. Point-of-care applicable metabotyping using biofluid-specific electrospun MetaSAMPs directly amenable to ambient LA-REIMS. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade9933. [PMID: 37294759 PMCID: PMC10256167 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) including laser ablation rapid evaporation IMS, has enabled direct biofluid metabolome analysis. AIMS procedures are, however, still hampered by both analytical, i.e., matrix effects, and practical, i.e., sample transport stability, drawbacks that impede metabolome coverage. In this study, we aimed at developing biofluid-specific metabolome sampling membranes (MetaSAMPs) that offer a directly applicable and stabilizing substrate for AIMS. Customized rectal, salivary, and urinary MetaSAMPs consisting of electrospun (nano)fibrous membranes of blended hydrophilic (polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyacrylonitrile) and lipophilic (polystyrene) polymers supported metabolite absorption, adsorption, and desorption. Moreover, MetaSAMP demonstrated superior metabolome coverage and transport stability compared to crude biofluid analysis and was successfully validated in two pediatric cohorts (MetaBEAse, n = 234 and OPERA, n = 101). By integrating anthropometric and (patho)physiological with MetaSAMP-AIMS metabolome data, we obtained substantial weight-driven predictions and clinical correlations. In conclusion, MetaSAMP holds great clinical application potential for on-the-spot metabolic health stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot De Spiegeleer
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vera Plekhova
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jozefien Geltmeyer
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ella Schoolaert
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Beata Pomian
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Varoon Singh
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Wijnant
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kimberly De Windt
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Volter Paukku
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander De Loof
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge Gies
- Department of Pediatrics, Free University of Brussels (VUB), University Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marilyn De Graeve
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen De Clerck
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Laboratory of Integrative Metabolomics, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
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Furdela V, Pavlyshyn H, Shulhai AM, Kozak K, Furdela M. Triglyceride glucose index, pediatric NAFLD fibrosis index, and triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio are the most predictive markers of the metabolically unhealthy phenotype in overweight/obese adolescent boys. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1124019. [PMID: 37234798 PMCID: PMC10206000 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of obesity constantly increases worldwide and definitely increases the risk of premature death in early adulthood. While there is no treatment yet with proven efficacy for the metabolic clamp such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes type 2, and fatty liver disease, it is imperative to find a way to decrease cardiometabolic complications. Early prevention strategies beginning in childhood are the most logical step to reduce future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to determine the most sensitive and specific predictive markers of the metabolically unhealthy phenotype with high cardiometabolic risk in overweight/obese adolescent boys. Methods This study was carried out at the Ternopil Regional Children's hospital (Western Ukraine) and involved 254 randomly chosen adolescent overweight or obese boys [median age was 16.0 (15.0,16.1) years]. A control group of 30 healthy children with proportional body weight comparable in gender and age to the main group was presented. A list of anthropometrical markers with biochemical values of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism with hepatic enzymes was determined. All overweight/obese boys were divided into three groups: 51.2% of the boys with metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on the IDF criteria; 19.7% of the boys were metabolically healthy obese (MHO) without hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia; and the rest of the boys (29.1%) were classified as metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) with only one criterion (hypertension, dyslipidemia, or hyperglycemia). Results Based on multiple logistic regression analysis that included all anthropometric and biochemical values and calculated indexes in boys from the MHO group and MetS, it was revealed that the maximum likelihood in the prediction of MetS makes the combination of triglyceride glucose index, pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis index (PNFI), and triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (R2 =0.713, p<0.000). By tracing the receiver operating characteristic curve, the model is confirmed as a good predictor of MetS (AUC=0.898, odds ratio=27.111 percentage correct=86.03%) in overweight and obese boys. Conclusion Triglyceride glucose index, pediatric NAFLD fibrosis index, and triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio are a valuable combination of predictive markers of the metabolically unhealthy phenotype in Ukrainian overweight/obese boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Furdela
- Department of Pediatrics No2, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Halyna Pavlyshyn
- Department of Pediatrics No2, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Anna-Mariia Shulhai
- Department of Pediatrics No2, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Kozak
- Department of Pediatrics No2, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Mykhailo Furdela
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Autopsy Course and Forensic Pathology, I.Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Ternopil, Ukraine
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Chang W, Cai L, Chen T, Ni W, Xie Z, Yang C, Liao J. Current Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Associated with Early Liver Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study in the General Population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 108:684-692. [PMID: 36878209 PMCID: PMC10076991 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Early prevention of liver injury by controlling risk factors deserves concern because of the heavy liver disease burden. Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection affects half of the world's population and the relationship between it and early liver damage is unclear. This study focuses on assessing the correlation between them in the general population to provide clues to prevent liver disease. A total of 12,931 individuals underwent liver function and imaging tests as well as 13C/14C-urea breath tests. Results showed that the detection rate of HP was 35.9%, and the HP-positive group had a higher rate of liver injury (47.0% versus 44.5%, P = 0.007). Specifically, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) and alpha-fetoprotein levels in the HP-positive group were higher whereas the serum albumin level was lower. HP infection would raise the percentage of elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 2.5% versus 1.7%, P = 0.006), elevated FIB-4 (20.2% versus 17.9%, P = 0.002), and abnormal liver imaging (31.0% versus 29.3%, P = 0.048). Most of these results remained stable after covariate adjustment but, for liver injury and liver imaging, the conclusions only held in young people (ORliver injury, odds ratio of liver injury, 1.127, P = 0.040; ORAST, 1.33, P = 0.034; ORFIB-4, 1.145, P = 0.032; ORimaging, 1.149, P = 0.043). Overall, HP infection might be associated with early liver injury, particularly in youth, suggesting that people with early liver injury should pay more attention to HP infection to prevent the occurrence of severe liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-Peking Union Medical College C. C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weigui Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihao Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-Peking Union Medical College C. C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-Peking Union Medical College C. C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Huber F, Schulz J, Schlack R, Hölling H, Ravens-Sieberer U, Meyer T, Rothenberger A, Wang B, Becker A. Long-term changes in serum levels of lipoproteins in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:597-609. [PMID: 36826608 PMCID: PMC10050056 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting approximately 5% of children worldwide. The causal mechanisms of ADHD remain unclear as the aetiology of this disorder seems to be multifactorial. One research field addresses the impact on lipid metabolism and particularly serum lipid fractions on the development of ADHD symptoms. This post hoc analysis aimed to investigate long-term changes in serum levels of lipoproteins in children and adolescents with ADHD and controls. Data of German children and adolescents from the nationwide and representative "Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurvey (KiGGS)" study were analysed at baseline and at a ten-year follow-up. At the two time points, participants in the control group were compared with those in the ADHD group, both before and after propensity score matching. Differences in total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and triglycerides were assessed between matched children with and without ADHD. In addition, subgroups with versus without methylphenidate use were compared at both time points. At baseline before matching, there were no significant differences for lipid parameters between participants in the ADHD group (n = 1,219) and the control group (n = 9,741): total cholesterol (Exp(ß) = 0.999, 95%-CI 0.911-1.094, p = .979), LDL (Exp(ß) = 0.967, 95%-CI 0.872-1.071, p = .525), HDL (Exp(ß) = 1.095, 95%-CI 0.899-1.331, p = .366) and triglycerides (Exp(ß) = 1.038, 95%-CI 0.948-1.133, p = .412). Propensity score matching confirmed the non-significant differences between the ADHD and non-ADHD group at baseline. At the 10-year follow-up, n = 571 participants fulfilled complete inclusion criteria, among them 268 subjects were classified as ADHD. The two groups did not significantly differ in lipid fractions, neither cross-sectionally nor with regard to long-term changes. There was also no significant difference between methylphenidate subgroups. In this sample of children and adolescents we could not reveal any significant associations between serum lipid fractions and the diagnosis of ADHD, neither cross-sectionally nor longitudinally; even when methylphenidate use was considered. Thus, further studies using larger sample sizes are required to investigate putative long-term changes in serum lipid fractions related to ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Huber
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Schulz
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Schlack
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Unit Mental Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Hölling
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Unit Mental Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Partner Site Göttingen, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aribert Rothenberger
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Biyao Wang
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Becker
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Barbosa P, Landes RD, Graw S, Byrum SD, Bennuri S, Delhey L, Randolph C, MacLeod S, Reis A, Børsheim E, Rose S, Carvalho E. Effect of excess weight and insulin resistance on DNA methylation in prepubertal children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8430. [PMID: 35589784 PMCID: PMC9120504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, regulate gene expression and play a role in the development of insulin resistance. This study evaluates how the BMI z-score (BMIz) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alone or in combination, relate to clinical outcomes and DNA methylation patterns in prepubertal children. DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and clinical outcomes were measured in a cohort of 41 prepubertal children. Children with higher HOMA-IR had higher blood pressure and plasma lactate levels while children with higher BMIz had higher triglycerides levels. Moreover, the DNA methylation analysis demonstrated that a 1 unit increase in the BMIz was associated with a 0.41 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.53) increase in methylation of a CpG near the PPP6R2 gene. This gene is important in the regulation of NF-kB expression. However, there was no strong evidence that the BMIz and the HOMA-IR were synergistically related to any clinical or DNA methylation outcomes. In summary, the results suggest that obesity and insulin resistance may impact metabolic health both independently in prepubertal children. In addition, obesity also has an impact on the DNA methylation of the PPP6R2 gene. This may be a novel underlying starting point for the systemic inflammation associated with obesity and insulin resistance, in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Barbosa
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Reid D Landes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stefan Graw
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Everest Clinical Research Corporation, Markham, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Sirish Bennuri
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Leanna Delhey
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Chris Randolph
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stewart MacLeod
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Andreia Reis
- Department of Medical Sciences (DCM), Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Shannon Rose
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA. .,Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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10
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Liver Steatosis: A Marker of Metabolic Risk in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094822. [PMID: 35563210 PMCID: PMC9100068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the greatest health challenges affecting children of all ages and ethnicities. Almost 19% of children and adolescents worldwide are overweight or obese, with an upward trend in the last decades. These reports imply an increased risk of fat accumulation in hepatic cells leading to a series of histological hepatic damages gathered under the acronym NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease). Due to the complex dynamics underlying this condition, it has been recently renamed as 'Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)', supporting the hypothesis that hepatic steatosis is a key component of the large group of clinical and laboratory abnormalities of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This review aims to share the latest scientific knowledge on MAFLD in children in an attempt to offer novel insights into the complex dynamics underlying this condition, focusing on the novel molecular aspects. Although there is still no treatment with a proven efficacy for this condition, starting from the molecular basis of the disease, MAFLD's therapeutic landscape is rapidly expanding, and different medications seem to act as modifiers of liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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11
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Thiagarajan S, Shrinuvasan S, Arun Babu T. Screening for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among obese and overweight children: Prevalence and predictors. Indian J Gastroenterol 2022; 41:63-68. [PMID: 35064452 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-021-01198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized in obese and overweight children. NAFLD is the commonest cause of chronic liver disease in these children. We undertook a study to assess the prevalence of NAFLD and to identify the associated anthropometric and metabolic risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was done with 154 overweight and obese children. The study population was divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of NAFLD by screening with ultrasonography and/or alanine transaminase levels. Anthropometric (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference) and biochemical parameters (triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase) were compared between these two groups. RESULTS NAFLD was diagnosed based on abnormal screening in 79 (51.3%) overweight and obese children. No age or gender difference was noted between the 2 groups. There were no significant differences in BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference between patients with and without NAFLD. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were found significantly higher in the NAFLD group. There was no significant difference in lipid profile apart from LDL cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, and HOMA-IR between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION NAFLD is common in overweight and obese southern Indian children. High LDL cholesterol level is a risk factor for NAFLD in these children. Screening of this high-risk group for early diagnosis of NAFLD is essential to prevent and monitor further progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Thiagarajan
- Department of Paediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry 605 009, India
| | - Sadhanandham Shrinuvasan
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry 605 009, India
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12
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Karatzi K, Poulia KA, Papakonstantinou E, Zampelas A. The Impact of Nutritional and Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8121130. [PMID: 34943326 PMCID: PMC8700559 DOI: 10.3390/children8121130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the measures taken by most countries to curb virus transmission, such as social distancing, distance learning, population, home confinement and disruption of all organized activities, has affected children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of this review was to assess the role of diet and lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 measures on body weight/composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. An electronic search was conducted in PUBMED, COCHRANE, Google Scholar and SCOPUS databases up to 31 October 2021. 15 eligible studies were identified. According to the studies included in the analysis, COVID-19 measures seem to have had a negative impact on the diets and lifestyles of children and adolescents, with a consequent increase in body weight and central fat accumulation. On the other hand, the parental presence and control resulted in better glycaemic control in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 1, but the effect of the pandemic in the glycaemic control of children with DM2 2 is controversial. Finally, diet and lifestyle changes had a differential impact on children’s hypertension prevalence. These findings point to the need for public policy measures to prevent obesity and its complications, to and improve diet and lifestyle during the continuing and yet unresolved COVID-19 epidemic.
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13
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Kwak JH, Lee HJ, Jeong ST, Lee JY, Lee M, Paik JK. Effect of fermented Rhus verniciflua stokes extract on liver function parameters in healthy Korean adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:830. [PMID: 34809689 PMCID: PMC8607399 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fermented Rhus verniciflua Stokes extract (FRVE) reported an anti-hepatic lipidemic property mediated by the upregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cell and animal models. However, it remains unclear whether there is an effect of FRVE on liver disease-related parameters and serum lipid levels in humans. We investigated the effects of FRVE intake for 12 weeks on liver disease-related parameters and serum lipid profiles in Korean adults. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted among 79 subjects. An aqueous extract of fermented Rhus verniciflua Stokes that was filtered and fermented was prepared. For 12 weeks, the test group (n = 39) consumed two capsules of FRVE (main components: fustin 129 mg and fisetin 59 mg) once daily. The control group (n = 40) consumed two placebo pills (main component: lactose 627.0 mg) once daily. A 1:1 randomization of control and test was performed using computer-generated randomization. Both before and after FRVE intake, anthropometric parameters, liver function-related parameters, and clinical laboratory parameters were measured. The effects between the test and control groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and independent t-test, and the difference between baseline and follow-up values was compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and paired t-test. RESULTS There was no significant difference when comparing the change values of liver disease-related parameters and serum lipid profiles in between groups. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we did not confirm the significance in liver function parameters and serum lipid profiles. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was registered in the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp ) under number KCT0005687. Registered on 2 December 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kwak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02435, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Tae Jeong
- Fermented Food Science Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 166, Nongsaengmyeongro, Iseo-myeon, WanjuGun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Lee
- Department of Food Technology and Services, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jean Kyung Paik
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Dutra DM, Zaniqueli D, Alvim RO, Baldo MP, Morra EA, Faria ER, Mill JG, Faria CP. A sex-related mediating effect of uric acid in the association between body composition and blood pressure in children and adolescents. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:1-7. [PMID: 34525318 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The increase in blood pressure (BP) during somatic growth might have direct determinants but also mediating factors. We investigated whether uric acid (UA) and other metabolic factors would mediate the association between body composition components and BP. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 928 children and adolescents (aged 6-18 years), in which body composition and blood biochemistry were evaluated. Structural equation modeling was performed to test the direct and indirect pathways between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and body composition parameters. Muscle mass (MM) showed a strong direct effect on BP, regardless of sex. In girls, a mediating pathway through UA was not significant, but the association between fat mass (FM) and MM with SBP was mediated by the cluster of metabolic factors. In boys, both MM and FM were associated with SBP through a mediating pathway via UA, but not via the cluster of metabolic factors. The association between body composition and BP in children and adolescents has a complex design and also has a sex-specific mediating component. The increase in the UA levels may affect BP levels early in boys. Also, metabolic changes elicited by FM contribute to the increase in BP at an early age in girls. Novelty: MM showed a strong direct effect on BP, regardless of sex. In girls, the association between FM and MM with SBP was mediated by the cluster of metabolic factors. In boys, both MM and FM were associated with SBP through a mediating pathway via UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyse M Dutra
- Post-graduation Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Divanei Zaniqueli
- Cardiovascular Investigation Clinic, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rafael O Alvim
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcelo P Baldo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Montes Claros State University - UNIMONTES, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Centro Universitário, UniFIPMOC, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Elis A Morra
- Department of Physical Education, Faculdade Estácio de Sá de Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Eliane R Faria
- Post-graduation Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - José G Mill
- Cardiovascular Investigation Clinic, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Carolina P Faria
- Post-graduation Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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15
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Redox Imbalance and Methylation Disturbances in Early Childhood Obesity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2207125. [PMID: 34457110 PMCID: PMC8387800 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2207125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is increasing worldwide in prepubertal children, reducing the age of onset of associated comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes. Sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine, cysteine, and their derivatives play important roles in the transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways. Dysregulation of these pathways leads to alterations in the cellular methylation patterns and an imbalanced redox state. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that one-carbon metabolism is already dysregulated in prepubertal children with obesity. Peripheral blood was collected from 64 children, and the plasma metabolites from transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways were quantified by HPLC. The cohort was stratified by BMI z-scores and HOMA-IR indices into healthy lean (HL), healthy obese (HO), and unhealthy obese (UHO). Fasting insulin levels were higher in the HO group compared to the HL, while the UHO had the highest. All groups presented normal fasting glycemia. Furthermore, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower while triglycerides and lactate levels were higher in the UHO compared to HO subjects. S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and total homocysteine levels were increased in the HO group compared to HL. Additionally, glutathione metabolism was also altered. Free cystine and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were increased in the HO as compared to HL subjects. Importantly, the adipocyte secretory function was already compromised at this young age. Elevated circulating leptin and decreased adiponectin levels were observed in the UHO as compared to the HO subjects. Some of these alterations were concomitant with alterations in the DNA methylation patterns in the obese group, independent of the impaired insulin levels. In conclusion, our study informs on novel and important metabolic alterations in the transmethylation and the transsulfuration pathways in the early stages of obesity. Moreover, the altered secretory function of the adipocyte very early in life may be relevant in identifying early metabolic markers of disease that may inform on the increased risk for specific future comorbidities in this population.
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16
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Munusamy J, Yadav J, Kumar R, Bhalla A, Dayal D. Metabolic complications of childhood obesity. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:2325-2330. [PMID: 34322432 PMCID: PMC8284196 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_975_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Childhood obesity is a global health problem. A percentage of 2.3 of Indian boys and 2.5 of Indian girls are obese. Childhood obesity is associated with many morbidities like diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, musculoskeletal problems, and increased mortality. Aims: The aim of this study is to estimate burden of metabolic complications of obesity in child and parents of obese children and compare it with normal-weight children. Settings and Design: The study was done at a tertiary health center in northern India. It was a cross-sectional study. Methods and Material: We enrolled 60 obese children and age- and sex-matched 26 controls, based on Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP)2015 body mass index (BMI) charts. Anthropometric parameters and metabolic complications in family were compared between cases and controls. Clinical markers of metabolic derangements and laboratory metabolic profile were assessed for obese children. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics was used to describe frequencies. Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney test and Spearman correlation were used for comparison. Results: The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related complications was high in families of obese children. Ten percent of obese children had impaired fasting glucose and 30% had Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in prediabetes category. Forty percent of obese children had dyslipidemia, 45% had transaminitis, and 46.7 were vitamin D deficient. A percentage of 41.7 of obese children had fatty liver on ultrasound. Conclusions: The family health and child weight are linked through home environment and genetics. The metabolic complications of obesity prediabetes, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, and lower vitamin D level are common in childhood obesity. Regular screening and interventions of metabolic complications are essential for saving child's future health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Bhalla
- Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Devi Dayal
- Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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17
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Bondyra-Wiśniewska B, Myszkowska-Ryciak J, Harton A. Impact of Lifestyle Intervention Programs for Children and Adolescents with Overweight or Obesity on Body Weight and Selected Cardiometabolic Factors-A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042061. [PMID: 33672502 PMCID: PMC7923753 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive body mass is a health problem among children and adolescents that contributes to the occurrence of lipid disorders and abnormal blood pressure. Effective treatment of excessive body mass in children is essential for the health of population in the future. The aim of the study was to identify universal components of lifestyle interventions in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity leading to weight loss and improvement of selected cardiometabolic parameters. The review included studies from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases published in 2010–2019, which were analyzed for eligibility criteria including age of the participants, BMI defined as overweight or obese, nutritional intervention and the assessment of BMI and/or BMI z-score and at least one lipid profile parameter. Eighteen studies were included in the review, presenting the results of 23 intervention programs in which a total of 1587 children and adolescents participated. All interventions, except one, were multi-component. Data analysis suggests a relationship between a decrease in BMI and/or BMI z-score with diet and physical activity, the involvement of a dietician/nutrition specialist and physician in the treatment team and a longer duration of intervention. Moreover, it seems that a decrease in BMI is mostly associated with decreases in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure. No change in BMI and/or BMI z-score is associated with no change in blood pressure. Our data can be used by public health authorities to design effective weight loss programs for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Harton
- Correspondence: (B.B.-W.); (A.H.); Tel.: +48-22-593-22 (A.H.)
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18
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Farooque U, Lohano AK, Dahri Q, Arain N, Farukhuddin F, Khadke C, Prince F, Farooque R, Shehata MA, Bin Zafar MD. The Pattern of Dyslipidemia in Chronic Liver Disease Patients. Cureus 2021; 13:e13259. [PMID: 33728198 PMCID: PMC7948308 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with chronic liver disease are expected to report derangements in serum lipid profiles. Lipid profile monitoring is not a part of the routine management of these patients in our hospital. Few recent studies show how lipid profile varies with the severity of disease and should be considered in the management planning of such patients. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of dyslipidemia in chronic liver disease patients. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 171 patients of all genders aged between 18 years and 60 years presenting with chronic liver disease with disease severity graded on Child-Pugh class as A, B, and C. Lipid profile was acquired in all these patients and was compared across various subgroups. Individual serum lipid parameters were graded as normal, high, or very high. Each patient was required to provide written informed consent. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY) was used to analyze data statistically, taking a p-value of ≤0.05 as significant. Results The mean age of patients was 51.2±7.3 years. The male to female ratio came out to be 1.5:1, with 103 (60.2%) male and 68 (39.8%) female patients included in the study. The disease was classified as Child-Pugh A in 20 (11.7%) patients, Child-Pugh B in 67 (39.2%) patients, and Child-Pugh C in 84 (49.1%) patients. Forty-four (25.7%) patients were hypertensive while 62 (36.3%) were diabetic. The mean body mass index (BMI) of these patients was 25.9±2.4 kg/m2. Mean serum values among Child-Pugh A, Child-Pugh B, and Child-Pugh C of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (113.15±14.08 vs. 95.58±14.25 vs. 53.46±5.90 mg/dl; p-value 0.001), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (50.60±3.19 vs. 40.70±2.95 vs. 35.40±3.88 mg/dl; p-value 0.001), total cholesterol (174.20±17.33 vs. 164.00±17.82 vs. 128.64±24.73 mg/dl; p-value 0.001), and triglycerides (127.15±8.98 vs. 100.84±27.12 vs. 93.36±25.56 mg/dl; p-value 0.001) decreased significantly with increasing severity of disease. Nineteen (11.1%) patients had hyperlipidemia (serum values of two or more parameters above normal) while 152 (88.9%) patients had normal lipid profile. When stratified, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of hyperlipidemia across various subgroups based on the patient's gender, age, duration, and severity of the disease, BMI, or diabetic and hypertensive status. Conclusions A substantial proportion of patients with chronic liver disease had hyperlipidemia which varied with the severity of disease on Child-Pugh classification. Routine monitoring of the lipid profile of such patients is necessary for timely identification and management of dyslipidemia to improve the outcome of such patients. It also suggests an important role of lipid profile in the risk stratification and treatment of chronic liver disease patients and warrants further studies in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Farooque
- Neurology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Ashok Kumar Lohano
- Medicine, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, PAK
| | - Quratulain Dahri
- Internal Medicine, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, PAK
| | - Nazia Arain
- Internal Medicine, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, PAK
| | - Fnu Farukhuddin
- Neurology, University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - Chinmay Khadke
- Internal Medicine, Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, IND
| | - Febin Prince
- Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, POL
| | | | - Mostafa A Shehata
- Medicine and Surgery, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, EGY
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19
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Beck AL, Huang JC, Lendzion L, Fernandez A, Martinez S. Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Parents' Perception of Health Behaviors in Children With Overweight and Obesity. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:1434-1440. [PMID: 34023488 PMCID: PMC8561012 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on parental perceptions of health behaviors and food insecurity among children with overweight and obesity living in San Francisco and to assess the relationship between food insecurity and dietary intake during the pandemic. METHODS Parents of children ages 4 to 12 in San Francisco with body mass index ≥85th percentile measured at a clinic visit at a Federally Qualified Health Center or academic practice from January 1st to March 15th, 2020 were eligible to participate. Parents completed a survey reporting on child health behaviors and household food insecurity prior to and since the start of the pandemic. Survey items were abstracted from validated surveys with adaptations. Regression models evaluated associations between food insecurity and dietary intake variables. RESULTS Most participants (n = 145) were publicly insured (90%), Latino (77%), and spoke Spanish at home (70%). Parents perceived that child mean daily nonacademic screen time was higher during the pandemic compared to before (3.8 hours vs 1.6 hours). Mean daily physical activity was reported to be lower compared to prior to the pandemic (1 hour vs 1.8 hours). On average, reported bedtime shifted 1.6 hours later. Food insecurity increased significantly but was not associated with intake of fruits, vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages, or foods with added sugar during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Parents of children with overweight or obesity in San Francisco perceive increased child screen time, decreased physical activity and later bedtimes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest a need for policies that support healthy lifestyle behaviors among low-income children during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Beck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco (AL Beck, JC Huang, and L Lendzion),Address correspondence to Amy L. Beck, MD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - John C. Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco (AL Beck, JC Huang, and L Lendzion)
| | - Lauren Lendzion
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco (AL Beck, JC Huang, and L Lendzion)
| | - Alicia Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (A Fernandez)
| | - Suzanna Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco (S Martinez)
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20
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Romanelli R, Cecchi N, Carbone MG, Dinardo M, Gaudino G, Miraglia Del Giudice E, Umano GR. Pediatric obesity: prevention is better than care. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:103. [PMID: 32709246 PMCID: PMC7379757 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-020-00868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric obesity is one of the most relevant health issues of the last century. Obesity-related short and long-term consequences are responsible of a large amount of economic cost. In addition, the different therapeutic strategies, such as lifestyle correction, drug, and bariatric surgery have displayed low effectiveness. Considering this evidence, prevention appears to be more promising than treatment in contrasting obesity epidemic. In this review, we summarize obesity pathogenesis with the aim of highlight the main obesity risk factors that can be addressed as target of preventive interventions. Moreover, we report the evidence about effectiveness of different interventions targeting family, school, and community. A multiple-component intervention, addressing different targets and settings, might be desirable, however more studies are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and to direct policy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Romanelli
- Clinical Nutrition Unit -Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Cecchi
- Clinical Nutrition Unit -Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Carbone
- Clinical Nutrition Unit -Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Dinardo
- Clinical Nutrition Unit -Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Gaudino
- Department of the Woman, of the Child, of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. de Crecchio, 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of the Woman, of the Child, of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. de Crecchio, 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rosaria Umano
- Department of the Woman, of the Child, of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. de Crecchio, 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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21
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Scudiero O, Pero R, Ranieri A, Terracciano D, Fimiani F, Cesaro A, Gentile L, Leggiero E, Laneri S, Moscarella E, Mazzaccara C, Frisso G, D'Alicandro G, Limongelli G, Pastore L, Calabrò P, Lombardo B. Childhood obesity: an overview of laboratory medicine, exercise and microbiome. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 58:1385-1406. [PMID: 31821163 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, a significant increase of childhood obesity incidence unequally distributed within countries and population groups has been observed, thus representing an important public health problem associated with several health and social consequences. Obese children have more than a 50% probability of becoming obese adults, and to develop pathologies typical of obese adults, that include type 2-diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Also environmental factors, such as reduced physical activity and increased sedentary activities, may also result in increased caloric intake and/or decreased caloric expenditure. In the present review, we aimed to identify and describe a specific panel of parameters in order to evaluate and characterize the childhood obesity status useful in setting up a preventive diagnostic approach directed at improving health-related behaviors and identifying predisposing risk factors. An early identification of risk factors for childhood obesity could definitely help in setting up adequate and specific clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Scudiero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaela Pero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Ranieri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiotoraciche e Respiratorie, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Divisione di Cardiologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiotoraciche e Respiratorie, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Sonia Laneri
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moscarella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,Unità di Cardiologia, Ospedale "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzaccara
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni D'Alicandro
- Centro di Medicina dello Sport e delle Disabilità, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Riabilitazione, AORN, Santobono-Pausillipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,Unità di Cardiologia, Ospedale "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano", Caserta, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
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22
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Andrade RSBD, França LFDC, Pessoa LDS, Landim BDAA, Rodrigues AA, Alves EHP, Lenardo DD, Nascimento HMS, Sousa FBDM, Barbosa ALDR, Medeiros JR, Vasconcelos ACCG, Vasconcelos DFP. High‐fat diet aggravates the liver disease caused by periodontitis in rats. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1023-1031. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Larissa dos Santos Pessoa
- Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis)Federal University of Piauí Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | | | - Ayane Araújo Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis)Federal University of Piauí Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - Even Herlany Pereira Alves
- Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis)Federal University of Piauí Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - David Di Lenardo
- Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis)Federal University of Piauí Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jand‐Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX)Federal University of Piauí Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
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23
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D'Adamo E, Castorani V, Nobili V. The Liver in Children With Metabolic Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:514. [PMID: 31428049 PMCID: PMC6687849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as an emerging health risk in obese children and adolescents. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of liver conditions, ranging from asymptomatic steatosis to steatohepatitis. The growing prevalence of fatty liver disease in children is associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. NAFLD is considered the hepatic manifestation of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and several lines of evidence have reported that children with NAFLD present one or more features of MetS. The pathogenetic mechanisms explaining the interrelationships between fatty liver disease and MetS are not clearly understood. Altough central obesity and insulin resistance seem to represent the core of the pathophysiology in both diseases, genetic susceptibility and enviromental triggers are emerging as crucial components promoting the development of NAFLD and MetS in children. In the present review we have identified and summarizied studies discussing current pathogenetic data of the association between NAFLD and MetS in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebe D'Adamo
- Department of Neonatology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ebe D'Adamo
| | | | - Valerio Nobili
- Department of Pediatrics, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, IRCCS “Bambino Gesù” Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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