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Animal foods and mobility limitations in community-dwelling young-old adults: longitudinal analysis of the EpiDoC cohort. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:687. [PMID: 35986235 PMCID: PMC9389693 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Nutrition and particularly protein play a role in optimally stimulating muscle protein synthesis and maintaining function. Animal foods are excellent sources of high-quality protein. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between the consumption of animal foods and mobility limitations in young-old adults.
Methods
The analytic sample was composed of 2860 community-dwelling adults aged 50 and over from a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of Portuguese adults who were followed up to 2.7 years. An animal food intake score was derived from the frequency of consumption of meat, fish, and dairy products. Mobility limitations were defined as the difficulty standing up from a chair, walking, and climbing stairs. To determine the association between animal food intake and mobility limitations mixed effects logistic models were fitted.
Results
Associations between quartiles of animal food intake and mobility limitations (for example, for walking outdoors Quartile 4 v Q1: OR: 0.29; 95%CI: 0.15, 0.56) in unadjusted models were present, but there was no difference in the rate of change of mobility limitations over time in unadjusted models. These associations were no longer present when models were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and health variables. For example, participants in Q4 of animal food intake were not more or less likely to have difficulty climbing stairs than those in Q1 (OR: 0.95; 95%CI: 0.65, 1.38) nor have a different rate of change over time (OR: 0.86; 95%CI: 0.54, 1.37).
Conclusions
No convincing evidence was found to support an effect of animal foods intake measured at baseline on self-reported mobility limitations over a short period of time.
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Traylor DA, Kamal M, Nunes EA, Prior T, Gorissen SHM, Lees M, Gesel F, Lim C, Phillips SM. Consumption of High-Leucine-Containing Protein Bar Following Breakfast Impacts Aminoacidemia and Subjective Appetite in Older Persons. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab080. [PMID: 34104852 PMCID: PMC8178109 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data are available examining dietary interventions for optimizing protein and leucine intake to stimulate muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in older humans. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the aminoacidemia and appetite responses of older adults after consuming breakfast, a meal frequently consumed with high-carbohydrate and below-par amounts of protein and leucine for stimulating MPS. METHODS Five men and 3 women (means ± SD; age: 74 ± 7 y, BMI: 25.7 ± 4.9 kg/m2, fat- and bone-free mass: 63 ± 7 kg) took part in this experiment in which they consumed breakfasts with low-protein (LP = 13 ± 2 g), high-protein (HP = 32 ± 5 g), and LP followed by a protein- and leucine-enriched bar formulation 2 h later (LP + Bar = 29 ± 2 g). The LP, HP, and LP + Bar breakfast conditions contained 519 ± 86 kcal, 535 ± 83 kcal, and 739 ± 86 kcal, respectively. Blood samples were drawn for 6 h and analyzed for amino acid, insulin, and glucose concentrations. Visual analog scales were assessed for hunger, fullness, and desire to eat. RESULTS The net AUC for essential amino acid (EAA) exposure was similar between the LP + Bar and HP conditions but greater in the HP condition compared with the LP condition. Peak leucinemia was higher in the LP + Bar condition compared with the HP, and both were greater than the LP condition. Net leucine exposure was similar between HP and LP + Bar, and both were greater than LP. Hunger was similarly reduced in LP + Bar and HP, and LP + Bar resulted in a greater hunger reduction than LP. Both LP + Bar and HP resulted in greater net fullness scores than LP. CONCLUSIONS Consuming our bar formulation increased blood leucine availability and net exposure to EAAs to a similar degree as consuming a high-protein meal. High-protein at breakfast results in a greater net exposure to EAAs and leucine, which could support MPS in older persons. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03712761.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Traylor
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Kamal
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Everson A Nunes
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa-Catarina, Brazil
| | - Todd Prior
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefan H M Gorissen
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Lees
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Fran Gesel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire,
Durham, NH, USA
| | - Changhyun Lim
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Joint position statement on management of patient with osteoporosis during COVID-19 contingency from the AMMOM, CONAMEGER, FELAEN, FEMECOG, FEMECOT, and ICAAFYD. Arch Osteoporos 2021; 16:18. [PMID: 33495916 PMCID: PMC7833891 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-00869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Infection by SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) has affected practically all the world. This joint position statement of Latin American Medical Societies provides an updated guide for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporotic patients in the face of possible clinical scenarios posed by the COVID-19 health crisis. BACKGROUND Infection by SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) has affected practically all the world. Characterized by high contagiousness, significative morbidity, and mortality in a segment of those infected, it has overwhelmed health services and forced to redirect resources to the emergency while impacting the attention of acute non-COVID-19 and many chronic conditions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to provide an updated guide for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporotic patients in the face of possible clinical scenarios posed by the COVID-19 health crisis. METHODS A task force, of bone specialists with a wide range of disciplines in the field of osteoporosis and fragility fracture, was convened with the representation of several professional associations, namely, the Mexican Association of Bone and Mineral Metabolism (AMMOM), the National College of Geriatric Medicine (CONAMEGER), the Latin American Federation of Endocrinology (FELAEN), the Mexican Federation of Colleges of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FEMECOG), the Mexican Federation of Colleges of Orthopedics and Traumatology (FEMECOT), and the Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sports of the University of Guadalajara (ICAAFYD). Clinical evidence was collated, and an evidence report was rapidly generated and disseminated. After finding the gaps in the available evidence, a consensus opinion of experts was made. The resulting draft was reviewed and modified accordingly, in 4 rounds, by the participants. RESULTS The task force approved the initial guidance statements, with moderate and high consensus. These were combined, resulting in the final guidance statements on the (1) evaluation of fracture risk; (2) stratification of risk priorities; (3) indications of bone density scans and lab tests; (4) initiation and continuation of pharmacologic therapy; (5) interruptions of therapy; (6) treatment of patients with incident fracture; (7) physical therapy and fall prevention; and (8) nutritional interventions. CONCLUSION These guidance statements are provided to promote optimal care to patients at risk for osteoporosis and fracture, during the current COVID-19 pandemic. However, given the low level of available evidence and the rapidly evolving literature, this guidance is presented as a "living document" and future updates are anticipated.
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Gaytán-González A, Ocampo-Alfaro MDJ, Torres-Naranjo F, González-Mendoza RG, Gil-Barreiro M, Arroniz-Rivera M, López-Taylor JR. Dietary Protein Intake Patterns and Inadequate Protein Intake in Older Adults from Four Countries. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103156. [PMID: 33081081 PMCID: PMC7602881 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent interest in protein intake per meal is observed in studies that have reported the protein intake patterns in different countries; however, comparisons of these data are lacking. We aimed to compare protein intake patterns and the percentage of inadequate protein intake (IPI) per day and meal in older adults from different countries. We acquired data of protein intake in older adults from four countries (Mexico, United States of America, Germany, and United Kingdom). We compared protein intake (per day and meal), IPI per day and meal, and the number of meals with an adequate protein content among countries. The IPI per day significantly differed among countries for <0.8 and <1.0 (both p < 0.001), but not for <1.2 g/kg/d (p = 0.135). IPI per meal (<30 g/meal) did not differ among countries at breakfast (p = 0.287) and lunch (p = 0.076) but did differ at dinner (p < 0.001). Conversely, IPI per meal (<0.4 g/kg/meal) significantly differed among countries at breakfast, lunch, and dinner (all p < 0.001). The percentage of participants that ate ≥30 g/meal or ≥0.4 g/kg/meal at zero, one, and two or three meals per day significantly differed among countries (all p < 0.05). IPI at breakfast and lunch (<30 g/meal) was a common trait in the analyzed samples and might represent an opportunity for nutritional interventions in older adults in different countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gaytán-González
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
- Department of Human Reproduction, Infantile Growth, and Development, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-1-333-619-9708
| | | | - Francisco Torres-Naranjo
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
- Center of Body Composition and Bone Research, Guadalajara 44600, Mexico
| | - Roberto Gabriel González-Mendoza
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
| | - Martha Gil-Barreiro
- Geriatrics Department, Western General Hospital, Zapopan 45170, Mexico; (M.d.J.O.-A.); (M.G.-B.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Maritza Arroniz-Rivera
- Geriatrics Department, Western General Hospital, Zapopan 45170, Mexico; (M.d.J.O.-A.); (M.G.-B.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Juan R. López-Taylor
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
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Hudson JL, Bergia RE, Campbell WW. Protein Distribution and Muscle-Related Outcomes: Does the Evidence Support the Concept? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051441. [PMID: 32429355 PMCID: PMC7285146 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a shift in thinking about dietary protein requirements from daily requirements to individual meal requirements. Per meal, stimulation of muscle protein synthesis has a saturable dose relationship with the quantity of dietary protein consumed. Protein intake above the saturable dose does not further contribute to the synthetic response; the "excess" amino acids are predominantly oxidized. Given that daily dietary protein intake is finite, finding protein distribution patterns that both reduce amino acid oxidation and maximize their contribution towards protein synthesis (in theory improving net balance) could be "optimal" and is of practical scientific interest to promote beneficial changes in skeletal muscle-related outcomes. This article reviews both observational and randomized controlled trial research on the protein distribution concept. The current evidence on the efficacy of consuming an "optimal" protein distribution to favorably influence skeletal muscle-related changes is limited and inconsistent. The effect of protein distribution cannot be sufficiently disentangled from the effect of protein quantity. Consuming a more balanced protein distribution may be a practical way for adults with marginal or inadequate protein intakes (<0.80 g·kg-1·d-1) to achieve a moderately higher total protein intake. However, for adults already consuming 0.8-1.3 g·kg-1·d-1, the preponderance of evidence supports that consuming at least one meal that contains sufficient protein quantity to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis, independent of daily distribution, is helpful to promote skeletal muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L. Hudson
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.E.B.III); (W.W.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, 15 Children’s Way, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Robert E. Bergia
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.E.B.III); (W.W.C.)
| | - Wayne W. Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.E.B.III); (W.W.C.)
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Gaytán-González A, Ocampo-Alfaro MDJ, Torres-Naranjo F, Arroniz-Rivera M, González-Mendoza RG, Gil-Barreiro M, López-Taylor JR. The Consumption of Two or Three Meals per Day with Adequate Protein Content Is Associated with Lower Risk of Physical Disability in Mexican Adults Aged 60 Years and Older. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5010001. [PMID: 31935870 PMCID: PMC7151001 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate protein intake per day has been associated with a lower risk of physical disability; however, if adequate protein intake per meal is also associated is unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between adequate protein intake per meal and physical disability in daily living activities in Mexican adults aged ≥60 years. We assessed the number of meals per day with an adequate protein content (24 h dietary recall), the presence of physical disability in daily living activities (two validated questionnaires), and their association in 187 participants through logistic regression. Consuming two or three meals per day with ≥30 g each was associated with lower risk of physical disability on Transportation (OR [95% CI]: 0.06 [0.01–0.50], p = 0.01), Shopping (0.05 [0.01–0.40], p = 0.004), Feeding (0.06 [0.01–0.74], p = 0.028), and Transfer (0.09 [0.01–0.98], p = 0.048). On the other hand, consuming two or three meals per day with ≥0.4 g/kg each was associated with lower risk of physical disability on Shopping (0.21 [0.05–0.89], p = 0.034) and Transportation (0.12 [0.03–0.48], p = 0.003). The consumption of two or three meals per day with adequate protein content is associated with lower risk of physical disability in Mexican adults aged 60 years and older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gaytán-González
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
- Department of Human Reproduction, Infantile Growth, and Development, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-1-333-619-9708
| | - María de Jesús Ocampo-Alfaro
- Geriatrics Department, Western General Hospital, Zapopan 45170, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.d.J.O.-A.); (M.A.-R.); (M.G.-B.)
| | - Francisco Torres-Naranjo
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
- Center of Body Composition and Bone Research, Guadalajara 44600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maritza Arroniz-Rivera
- Geriatrics Department, Western General Hospital, Zapopan 45170, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.d.J.O.-A.); (M.A.-R.); (M.G.-B.)
| | - Roberto Gabriel González-Mendoza
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
| | - Martha Gil-Barreiro
- Geriatrics Department, Western General Hospital, Zapopan 45170, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.d.J.O.-A.); (M.A.-R.); (M.G.-B.)
| | - Juan Ricardo López-Taylor
- Institute of Applied Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Education, Sport, Recreation, and Dance, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (F.T.-N.); (R.G.G.-M.); (J.R.L.-T.)
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