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Rajpoot A, Yadav K, Yadav A, Mishra RK. Shilajit mitigates chemotherapeutic drug-induced testicular toxicity: Study on testicular germ cell dynamics, steroidogenesis modulation, and Nrf-2/Keap-1 signaling. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100930. [PMID: 39121783 PMCID: PMC11362644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.100930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medications, including chemotherapeutic drugs, contribute to male infertility as external factors by inducing oxidative stress in testicular cells. Shilajit is a naturally occurring bioactive antioxidant used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat a variety of ailments. OBJECTIVE This study examines the potential of Shilajit to counteract the negative effects of the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CPA) on testicular germ cell dynamics. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Parkes mice received single intraperitoneal CPA injection (200 mg/kg BW) on day one, followed by daily supplementation of Shilajit (100 and 200 mg/kg BW) for one spermatogenic cycle. RESULTS CPA adversely affected testicular germ cell dynamics by inhibiting the conversion of spermatogonia-to-spermatids, altering testicular histoarchitecture, impairing Sertoli cell function and testicular steroidogenesis, and disturbing the testicular oxido-apoptotic balance. Shilajit supplementation restores testicular germ cell dynamics in CPA-exposed mice, as evidenced by improved histoarchitecture of the testis. Shilajit improves testicular daily production and sperm quality by promoting the conversion of spermatogonia (2C) into spermatids (1C), stimulating germ cell proliferation (PCNA), improving Sertoli cell function (N-Cadherin and β-Catenin), and maintaining the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Additionally, Shilajit enhances testosterone biosynthesis by activating enzymes like 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD. Shilajit also reduces testicular oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD) and decreasing lipid peroxidation (LPO). These effects are mediated by upregulation of the antioxidant protein Nrf-2 and downregulation of Keap-1. CONCLUSION The findings underscore the potent androgenic and antioxidant characteristics of Shilajit, as well as its ability to enhance fertility in cases of testicular damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Rajpoot
- Male Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Kiran Yadav
- Male Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anupam Yadav
- Male Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Raghav Kumar Mishra
- Male Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Wei S, Xu P, Mao Y, Shi Y, Liu W, Li S, Tu Z, Chen L, Hu M, Wang Y. Differential intestinal effects of water and foodborne exposures of nano-TiO 2 in the mussel Mytilus coruscus under elevated temperature. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141777. [PMID: 38527634 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
With the wide use of nanomaterials in daily life, nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) presents potential ecological risks to marine ecosystems, which can be exacerbated by ocean warming (OW). However, most previous studies have only centered around waterborne exposure, while there is a scarcity of studies concentrating on the impact of trophic transfer exposure on organisms. We investigated the differences in toxic effects of 100 μg/L nano-TiO2 on mussels via two pathways (waterborne and foodborne) under normal (24 °C) and warming (28 °C) conditions. Single nano-TiO2 exposure (waterborne and foodborne) elevated the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities as well as the content of glutathione (GSH), indicating activated antioxidatant response in the intestine. However, depressed antioxidant enzymes and accumulated peroxide products (LPO and protein carbonyl content, PCC) demonstrated that warming in combination with nano-TiO2 broke the prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis of mussels. Our findings also indicated that nano-TiO2 and high temperature exhibited adverse impacts on amylase (AMS), trypsin (PS), and trehalase (THL). Additionally, activated immune function (lysozyme) comes at the cost of energy expenditure of protein (decreased protein concentration). The hydrodynamic diameter of nano-TiO2 at 24 °C (1693-2261 nm) was lower than that at 28 °C (2666-3086 nm). Bioaccumulation results (range from 0.022 to 0.432 μg/g) suggested that foodborne induced higher Ti contents in intestine than waterborne. In general, the combined effects of nano-TiO2 and warming demonstrated a more pronounced extent of interactive effects and severe damage to antioxidant, digestive, and immune parameters in mussel intestine. The toxicological impact of nano-TiO2 was intensified through trophic transfer. The toxic effects of nano-TiO2 are non-negligible and can be exerted together through both water- and foodborne exposure routes, which deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Wei
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Peng Xu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yiran Mao
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuntian Shi
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wei Liu
- University of Geneva, Faculty of Sciences, Earth and Environment Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Saishuai Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhihan Tu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Liming Chen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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3
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Lame-Jouybari AH, Abbasalizad-Farhangi M. Effects of eight-week regular high-intensity interval training and hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed on total testosterone level among sedentary young males: double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Endocrine 2024; 84:273-286. [PMID: 38085421 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) alone or in combination with hemp seed on total testosterone (TT) levels, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), body composition, oxidative stress, and antioxidant capacity in sedentary young males. METHODS Randomly, 48 young sedentary males were assigned among four groups (each comprising 12 individuals) as follows: HIIT + hemp seed (HH), HIIT + placebo (AT), hemp seed only (HS), and control. For eight weeks, exercise groups had HIIT three times per week. Hemp seed groups received 2 g of powder daily. The plasma levels of TT, SHBG, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and also body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), and muscle mass percentage (MM%) were measured. The analysis was based on the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP). RESULTS Based on ITT, BMI and BF% decreased, and MM% increased significantly post-intervention in HIIT groups (p < 0.05). TT increased significantly in the HH [mean difference 0.45, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.7, p = 0.005] and AT [mean difference 0.37, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.7, p = 0.01]. The whole hemp seed components showed a significant antioxidant potential. However, none of the SOD, CAT, and MDA indices showed significant changes post-interventions (p ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSION Finally, HIIT and hemp seed intake showed no significant effects on the antioxidant defense system. However, regular HIIT significantly increased TT levels and improved body composition in sedentary young males. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (registration code: IRCT20140907019082N10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Lame-Jouybari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Mao X, Dou Y, Fan X, Yu B, He J, Zheng P, Yu J, Luo J, Luo Y, Yan H, Wang J, Wang H, Wang Q. The effect of dietary Yucca schidigera extract supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, and gut health in laying hens with Clostridium perfringens and coccidia challenge. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102822. [PMID: 37321033 PMCID: PMC10404776 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) is a green feed additive that is known to reduce toxic gas emissions and promote intestinal health in animal production. This study investigated the potential of dietary YSE supplementation to mitigate the negative effect of Clostridium perfringens and coccidia infection on productive performance and gut health in laying hens. A total of 48 Lohmann gray laying hens (35 wk of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 groups (n = 24) fed with either a basal diet or a YSE-supplemented diet for 45 d. From d 36 to 45, half of the hens in each group were orally administrated with Clostridium perfringens type A and coccidia. This challenge impaired productive performance and egg quality (P < 0.05), destroyed jejunal morphology and functions (P < 0.05), induced jejunal epithelial cell apoptosis (P < 0.05), and downregulated the antioxidant capacity and Nrf2 pathway expression of jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05) in laying hens. Supplementing YSE in the laying hen diet, to some extents, improved productive performance and egg quality (P < 0.05), and alleviated the effect of challenge on morphology, functions, cell apoptosis, and antioxidant capacity in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Overall, the results suggested that dietary YSE supplementation might mitigate the negative effects of Clostridium perfringens and coccidia infection on gut health, and thereby improve the productive performance and egg quality of laying hens, possibly through enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the jejunum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yisong Dou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqi Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Quyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China
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Zhao Z, Xu X, Chang Y, Xu Y, Zhou X, Su H, Cui X, Wan X, Mao G. Protective effect of mussel polysaccharide on cyclophosphamide-induced intestinal oxidative stress injury via Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4233-4245. [PMID: 37457170 PMCID: PMC10345665 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The hard-shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine and health food in China for centuries. Polysaccharides from mussel has been reported to have multiple biological functions, however, it remains unclear whether mussel polysaccharide (MP) exerts protective effects in intestinal functions, and the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of MP on intestinal oxidative injury in mice. In this study, 40 male BALB/C mice were used, with 30 utilized to produce an animal model of intestinal oxidative injury with intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (Cy) for four consecutive days. The protective effects of two different doses of MP (300 and 600 mg/kg) were assessed by investigating the change in body weight, visceral index, and observing colon histomorphology. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated by measuring the antioxidant enzymes and related signaling molecules through ELISA, real-time PCR, and western blot methods. The results showed that MP pretreatment effectively protected the intestinal from Cy-induced injury: improved the colon tissue morphology and villus structure, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum and colon tissues. Meanwhile, MP also significantly increased the expression levels of SOD, GSH-Px, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA in colon tissues. Further, western blot results showed that the expression of Nrf2 protein was significantly upregulated while kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) was significantly downregulated by MP in the colonic tissues. This study indicates that MP can ameliorate Cy-induced oxidative stress injury in mice, and Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway may mediate these protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen‐Lei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Gang Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Yun‐Chuang Chang
- College of Biological and Food EngineeringHubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
| | - Yi‐Peng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC)Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Xu‐Qiang Zhou
- College of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hui‐Li Su
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Hua Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Qing Wan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Gen‐Xiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics & Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of GeriatricsZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
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Cui E, Tang P, Zhu X, Lv M, Wang S, Xue Y, Li C, Zhao S. Network Pharmacology Combined with an Experimental Validation Study to Reveal the Effect and Mechanism of Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Polysaccharide against Immunomodulation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051062. [PMID: 36900578 PMCID: PMC10001223 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the immuno-enhancing effect of Eucommia ulmoides leaf polysaccharide (ELP) was investigated in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). To evaluate the immune enhancement mechanism of ELP, the immunoregulation effect of ELP was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. ELP is primarily composed of arabinose (26.61%), galacturonic acid (25.1%), galactose (19.35%), rhamnose (16.13%), and a small amount of glucose (12.9%). At 1000~5000 μg·mL-1, ELP could significantly enhance the proliferation and the phagocytosis of macrophages in vitro. Additionally, ELP could protect immune organs, reduce pathological damage, and reverse the decrease in the hematological indices. Moreover, ELP significantly increased the phagocytic index, enhanced the ear swelling response, augmented the production of inflammatory cytokines, and markedly up-regulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA levels. Furthermore, ELP improved phosphorylated p38, ERK1/2, and JNK levels, suggesting that MAPKs might be involved in immunomodulatory effects. The results provide a theoretical foundation for exploring the immune modulation function of ELP as a functional food.
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Elgohary R, Salama A, Omara EA. Protective Effects of Cannabis sativa on chemotherapy-induced nausea in a rat: Involvement of CB1 receptors. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:137-146. [PMID: 35861135 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer and immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of various malignancies but causing gastrointestinal distress. Cannabis sativa and its derivatives have been used for the treatment of human gastrointestinal disorders. A purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of C. sativa on nausea induced by cyclophosphamide in rats. The rats were divided into four groups (eight animals per group): Group 1: Normal control (saline i.p.). Group 2: Rats received cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg i.p.) 3 consecutive days. Group 3 and 4: Rats received cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg i.p.) across Days 1-7, and C. sativa (20 and 40 mg/kg s.c.) was administered on cyclophosphamide days 4-7. We examined intake of kaolin, normal food and changes in body weight, as an indicator of the emetic stimulus. Oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes status, serotonin (5-HT), dopamine, noradrenaline and CB1R levels were evaluated in the intestinal homogenate. Moreover, histopathological study was performed. Results showed that C. sativa ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced emesis by increasing in body weight and normal diet intake with a decrease in kaolin diet intake after 7 days. Moreover, C. sativa significantly decreases (serotonin) 5-HT, dopamine and noradrenaline, as well as decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. Administration of C. sativa significantly increased the expression of CB1R in intestinal homogenate. Treatment with C. sativa also improved the histological feature of an intestinal tissue. These results suggested that C. sativa possess antiemetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in chemotherapy-induced nausea in rats by activating CB1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enayat A Omara
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Luo JH, Li J, Shen ZC, Lin XF, Chen AQ, Wang YF, Gong ES, Liu D, Zou Q, Wang XY. Advances in health-promoting effects of natural polysaccharides: Regulation on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1102146. [PMID: 36875839 PMCID: PMC9978827 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides (NPs) possess numerous health-promoting effects, such as liver protection, kidney protection, lung protection, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, gastrointestinal protection, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetic, and anti-aging. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathway is an important endogenous antioxidant pathway, which plays crucial roles in maintaining human health as its protection against oxidative stress. Accumulating evidence suggested that Nrf2 antioxidant pathway might be one of key regulatory targets for the health-promoting effects of NPs. However, the information concerning regulation of NPs on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway is scattered, and NPs show different regulatory behaviors in their different health-promoting processes. Therefore, in this article, structural features of NPs having regulation on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway are overviewed. Moreover, regulatory effects of NPs on this pathway for health-promoting effects are summarized. Furthermore, structure-activity relationship of NPs for health-promoting effects by regulating the pathway is preliminarily discussed. Otherwise, the prospects on future work for regulation of NPs on this pathway are proposed. This review is beneficial to well-understanding of underlying mechanisms for health-promoting effects of NPs from the view angle of Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, and provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of NPs in promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hong Luo
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zi-Chun Shen
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Lin
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ao-Qiu Chen
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Er-Sheng Gong
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zou
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Selected Seeds as Sources of Bioactive Compounds with Diverse Biological Activities. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010187. [PMID: 36615843 PMCID: PMC9823554 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Seeds contain a variety of phytochemicals that exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Plant-derived compounds are often investigated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-platelet, anti-apoptotic, anti-nociceptive, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, hepatoprotective, or neuroprotective properties. In this review, we have described the chemical content and biological activity of seeds from eight selected plant species-blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.), black raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miq.), grape (Vitis vinifera L.), Moringa oleifera Lam., sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Sprenger), hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), and sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L). This review is based on studies identified in electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SCOPUS. Numerous preclinical, and some clinical studies have found that extracts, fractions, oil, flour, proteins, polysaccharides, or purified chemical compounds isolated from the seeds of these plants display promising, health-promoting effects, and could be utilized in drug development, or to make nutraceuticals and functional foods. Despite that, many of these properties have been studied only in vitro, and it's unsure if their effects would be relevant in vivo as well, so there is a need for more animal studies and clinical trials that would help determine if they could be applied in disease prevention or treatment.
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Aloo SO, Mwiti G, Ngugi LW, Oh DH. Uncovering the secrets of industrial hemp in food and nutrition: The trends, challenges, and new-age perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5093-5112. [PMID: 36440859 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2149468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hemp is a valuable crop with a wide range of use, from applications in foods and textiles to pharmaceuticals. Over recent years, the use of hemp as food and food ingredients has drastically increased. The growth is driven by numerous health benefits hemp possesses and its wide range of applications in the food industry. This review provides the scientific literature concerning the benefits of industrial hemp in the food industry. The relevant historical context of use, recent applications in the food industry, health benefits, various development challenges, and the global market outlook for hemp-based food products have been analyzed. Evidence suggests that today hemp is widely consumed as food or an ingredient in the food. Hemp-based foods are marketed as having various health benefits, although their reception by target consumers and success varies. Besides, scientific research on hemp-derived foods has dramatically increased over recent years. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated the health benefits of hemp-based foods. Therefore, there is a promising growth trend in producing novel foods from industrial hemp. Nevertheless, due to health concerns related to THC, there is a general need for regulatory compliance when integrating hemp into foods to ensure product safety before use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Okomo Aloo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Godfrey Mwiti
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Louise Wanjiku Ngugi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Karatina University, Karatina, Kenya
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Xiang X, Wang R, Chen L, Chen Y, Zheng B, Deng S, Liu S, Sun P, Shen G. Immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from mussel on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressive mice models. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:26. [PMID: 35478196 PMCID: PMC9046246 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of mussel polysaccharide (MP) on cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced intestinal mucosal immunosuppression and microbial dysbiosis in mice. MP was shown to stimulate secretion of cytokines (SIgA, IL-2, IF-γ, IL-4, IL-10) and production of transcription factors (occludin, claudin-1, ZO-1, mucin-2, IL-2, IF-γ, IL-4, IL-10). Key proteins (p-IκB-α, p-p65) of the NF-κB pathway were upregulated after MP administration. SCFAs levels, which were decreased after the Cy treatment, were improved after treatment with MP. Furthermore, 16 S rRNA sequencing data of fecal samples revealed, through α-diversity and β-diversity analysis, that MP improved microbial community diversity and modulate the overall composition of gut microbiota. Taxonomic composition analysis showed that MP increased the abundance of probiotics species (Lactobacillus) and decreased the proportion of pathogenic species (Desulfovibrio). These findings suggested that MP has a potential immunomodulatory activity on the immunosuppressive mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Sericultural and Tea Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanggui Deng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulai Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Sericultural and Tea Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang J, Li M, Gao Y, Li H, Fang L, Liu C, Liu X, Min W. Effects of Exopolysaccharides from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JLAU103 on Intestinal Immune Response, Oxidative Stress, and Microbial Communities in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2197-2210. [PMID: 35118857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of the exopolysaccharide from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JLAU103 (EPS103) on the intestinal immune response, oxidative stress, intestinal mucosal barrier, and microbial community in cyclophosphamide-induced immune-suppressed mice. The results showed that EPS103 promoted the secretion of cytokines and the generation of secretory immunoglobulin A and mucin-2 in the small intestine of mice, which might be related to the activation of the MAPK pathway. Additionally, EPS103 protected against oxidative stress by activating antioxidation enzymes and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways. It also improved the intestinal physical barrier functions via regulating the ratio of villous height to crypt depth and upregulating the expression of tight-junction proteins. Meanwhile, EPS103 promoted the generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated the constituents of gut microbiota. These results suggested that EPS103 may modulate the intestinal immunoresponse relying on the regulation of SCFA production and gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice, resulting in the activation of systemic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Meihe Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Min
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, Jilin, P. R. China
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Balant M, Gras A, Ruz M, Vallès J, Vitales D, Garnatje T. Traditional uses of Cannabis: An analysis of the CANNUSE database. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114362. [PMID: 34171396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cannabis is one of the most versatile genera in terms of plant use and has been exploited by humans for millennia. Nowadays, Cannabis is the centre of many scientific studies, most of them focusing on chemical composition and medicinal values. While new and varied applications are continuously being developed, the knowledge surrounding less common uses of the plant is slowly disappearing. AIM OF THE REVIEW We have analysed diversity of global data of Cannabis traditional uses, to investigate if certain plant parts are significantly associated with particular Cannabis use. We wanted to uncover potential associations between the plant parts used for the treatment of different body systems and ailments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have analysed the extensive database of Cannabis traditional uses (CANNUSE). This database contains 2330 data entries of Cannabis ethnobotanical uses from over 40 countries across the world. The dataset was divided into five general groups based on the type of use: medicinal, alimentary, psychoactive, fibre and other uses. Given the abundance of human medicinal uses, detailed analysis was done on the subset of 1167 data entries. We analysed the relationship between 16 body system categories and ailments treated with Cannabis plant parts. We used a Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact test, to determine which Cannabis parts are characteristic of treatment for specific ailments. RESULTS In this dataset, the majority of reports were represented by medicinal (75.41%), followed by psychoactive (8.35%) and alimentary (7.29%) use. The most commonly used plant parts were leaf (50.51%), seed (15.38%) and inflorescence (11.35%). We found that different Cannabis plant parts were significantly associated with different uses; the leaf was typically used for medicinal, seed for alimentary and inflorescence for psychoactive use. Regarding the human medicinal uses, most common were reports for treatments of the digestive system and nutritional disorders (17.66%), nervous system and mental disorders (16.24%), followed by pain and inflammations (12.21%). We found a significant relationship between the use of certain Cannabis parts and treatment of ailments and body systems categories; leaf was significantly associated with treatment of two categories: skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders and circulatory system and blood disorders; seed use was associated with musculoskeletal system disorders and traumas; while inflorescence use shows a statistical support for treatment of nervous system and mental disorders. CONCLUSION Several pharmaceutical companies are intensely working on developing new drugs with isolated chemical compounds or crude extracts, almost exclusively from Cannabis inflorescences. However, our review revealed that use of leaf or seed in traditional medicine is often more important than use of inflorescence for the treatment of certain ailments. A review of traditional medicine provides a body of knowledge and an initial pathway to identify landraces and plant parts that could have an important role in future medicinal research. We are confident that traditional medicine still has a large potential for modern medicine. As more information on Cannabis diversity (genetics, biochemistry, and clinical studies) becomes available, ethnobotanical data are poised to be of much greater significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manica Balant
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC - Ajuntament de Barcelona), Passeig del Migdia s/n, 08038, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Airy Gras
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC - Ajuntament de Barcelona), Passeig del Migdia s/n, 08038, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Mario Ruz
- Laboratori de Botànica (UB), Unitat Associada Al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació - Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Joan Vallès
- Laboratori de Botànica (UB), Unitat Associada Al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació - Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC), Carrer del Carme, 47, 08001, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Daniel Vitales
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC - Ajuntament de Barcelona), Passeig del Migdia s/n, 08038, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Laboratori de Botànica (UB), Unitat Associada Al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació - Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Teresa Garnatje
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC - Ajuntament de Barcelona), Passeig del Migdia s/n, 08038, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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