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Afshari AR, Sanati M, Ahmadi SS, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Harnessing the capacity of phytochemicals to enhance immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy of cancers: A focus on brain malignancies. Cancer Lett 2024; 593:216955. [PMID: 38750720 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Brain cancers, particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are challenging health issues with frequent unmet aspects. Today, discovering safe and effective therapeutic modalities for brain tumors is among the top research interests. Immunotherapy is an emerging area of investigation in cancer treatment. Since immune checkpoints play fundamental roles in repressing anti-cancer immunity, diverse immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been developed, and some monoclonal antibodies have been approved clinically for particular cancers; nevertheless, there are significant concerns regarding their efficacy and safety in brain tumors. Among the various tools to modify the immune checkpoints, phytochemicals show good effectiveness and excellent safety, making them suitable candidates for developing better ICIs. Phytochemicals regulate multiple immunological checkpoint-related signaling pathways in cancer biology; however, their efficacy for clinical cancer immunotherapy remains to be established. Here, we discussed the involvement of immune checkpoints in cancer pathology and summarized recent advancements in applying phytochemicals in modulating immune checkpoints in brain tumors to highlight the state-of-the-art and give constructive prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir R Afshari
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajad Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Chiang YC, Selvam P, Liu YX, Shih PC, Chen NF, Kuo HM, Lin HYH, Wen ZH, Chen WF. STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor Bt354 exhibits anti-neoplastic activity in glioblastoma multiforme cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3292-3303. [PMID: 38415901 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The high mortality rate of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a lethal primary brain tumor, is attributable to postsurgical recurrence. STAT3, an oncogenic protein, is a signal transducer and transcription activator encourages cancer cell migration and proliferation, which results in resistance to therapy. STAT3 inhibition reduces cancer metastasis and improves patient prognosis. Bt354, a small molecule STAT inhibitor, exhibits significant cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activities against certain cancer types. Here, we demonstrated that exposure of GBM cells (U87 MG) to Bt354 had a significant, concentration-dependent growth suppression. Bt354 also induced apoptosis and downregulated the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes. Therefore, this study suggests the potential of Bt354 for treating GBM owing to its ability to induce cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Chiang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Padhmavathi Selvam
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - You-Xuan Liu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chang Shih
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hugo You-Hsien Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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3
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Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Shahcheraghi SH, Alimardani M, Lotfi M, Lotfi M, Uversky VN, Guetchueng ST, Palakurthi SS, Charbe NB, Hromić-Jahjefendić A, Aljabali AAA, Gadewar MM, Malik S, Goyal R, El-Tanani M, Mishra V, Mishra Y, Tambuwala MM. Advances in glioblastoma multiforme: Integrating therapy and pathology perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155285. [PMID: 38653089 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a highly lethal form of brain cancer, is characterized by its aggressive growth and resistance to conventional treatments, often resulting in limited survival. The response to therapy is notably influenced by various patient-specific genetic factors, underscoring the disease's complexity. Despite the utilization of diverse treatment modalities such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, many patients experience local relapse, emphasizing the critical need for improved therapeutic strategies to effectively target these formidable tumors. Recent years have witnessed a surge in interest in natural products derived from plants, particularly alkaloids, for their potential anticancer effects. Alkaloids have shown promise in cancer chemotherapy by selectively targeting crucial signaling pathways implicated in tumor progression and survival. Specifically, they modulate the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, resulting in reduced tumor growth and altered gene expression across various cancer types. Additionally, alkaloids exhibit the capacity to induce cell cycle arrest, further impeding tumor proliferation in several malignancies. This review aims to delineate recent advances in understanding the pathology of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and to explore the potential therapeutic implications of alkaloids in managing this deadly disease. By segregating discussions on GBM pathology from those on alkaloid-based therapies, we provide a structured overview of the current challenges in GBM treatment and the promising opportunities presented by alkaloid-based interventions. Furthermore, we briefly discuss potential future directions in GBM research and therapy beyond alkaloids, including emerging treatment modalities or areas of investigation that hold promise for improving patient outcomes. In conclusion, our efforts offer hope for enhanced outcomes and improved quality of life for GBM patients through alkaloid-based therapies. By integrating insights from pathology and therapeutic perspectives, we underscore the significance of a comprehensive approach in addressing this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Shahcheraghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maliheh Alimardani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Lotfi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Abortion Research Center, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Stephanie Tamdem Guetchueng
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, PO Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Sushesh Shrivastsa Palakurthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School Of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka cesta 15, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Manoj M Gadewar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of medical and allied sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurgaon, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
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Soroush A, Pourhossein S, Hosseingholizadeh D, Hjazi A, Shahhosseini R, Kavoosi H, Kermanshahi N, Behnamrad P, Ghavamikia N, Dadashpour M, Karkon Shayan S. Anti-cancer potential of zerumbone in cancer and glioma: current trends and future perspectives. Med Oncol 2024; 41:125. [PMID: 38652207 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived immunomodulators and antitumor factors have appealed lots of attention from natural product scientists for their efficiency and safety and their important contribution to well-designed targeted drug action and delivery mechanisms. Zerumbone (ZER), the chief component of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes, has been examined for its wide-spectrum in the treatment of multi-targeted diseases. The rhizomes have been used as food flavoring agents in numerous cuisines and in flora medication. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have prepared confirmation of ZER as a potent immunomodulator as well as a potential anti-tumor agent. This review is an interesting compilation of all the important results of the research carried out to date to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of ZER. The ultimate goal of this comprehensive review is to supply updated information and a crucial evaluation on ZER, including its chemistry and immunomodulating and antitumour properties, which may be of principal importance to supply a novel pathway for subsequent investigation to discover new agents to treat cancers and immune-related sickness. In addition, updated information on the toxicology of ZER has been summarized to support its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Pourhossein
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haniyeh Kavoosi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazgol Kermanshahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Behnamrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Ghavamikia
- Cardiology Department, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Zhang L, Zhai BZ, Wu YJ, Wang Y. Recent progress in the development of nanomaterials targeting multiple cancer metabolic pathways: a review of mechanistic approaches for cancer treatment. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:1-18. [PMID: 36597205 PMCID: PMC9943254 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2144541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a very heterogeneous disease, and uncontrolled cell division is the main characteristic of cancer. Cancerous cells need a high nutrition intake to enable aberrant growth and survival. To do so, cancer cells modify metabolic pathways to produce energy and anabolic precursors and preserve redox balance. Due to the importance of metabolic pathways in tumor growth and malignant transformation, metabolic pathways have also been given promising perspectives for cancer treatment, providing more effective treatment strategies, and target-specific with minimum side effects. Metabolism-based therapeutic nanomaterials for targeted cancer treatment are a promising option. Numerous types of nanoparticles (NPs) are employed in the research and analysis of various cancer therapies. The current review focuses on cutting-edge strategies and current cancer therapy methods based on nanomaterials that target various cancer metabolisms. Additionally, it highlighted the primacy of NPs-based cancer therapies over traditional ones, the challenges, and the future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China,CONTACT Ling Zhang Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing-Zhong Zhai
- Hangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310021, China
| | - Yue-Jin Wu
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China,; Yin Wang Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, 182 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou310013, Zhejiang, China
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Pibuel MA, Poodts D, Sias SA, Byrne A, Hajos SE, Franco PG, Lompardía SL. 4-Methylumbelliferone enhances the effects of chemotherapy on both temozolomide-sensitive and resistant glioblastoma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9356. [PMID: 37291120 PMCID: PMC10249561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent malignant primary tumor of the CNS in adults, with a median survival of 14.6 months after diagnosis. The effectiveness of GBM therapies remains poor, highlighting the need for new therapeutic alternatives. In this work, we evaluated the effect of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU), a coumarin derivative without adverse effects reported, in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) or vincristine (VCR) on U251, LN229, U251-TMZ resistant (U251-R) and LN229-TMZ resistant (LN229-R) human GBM cells. We determined cell proliferation by BrdU incorporation, migration through wound healing assay, metabolic and MMP activity by XTT and zymography assays, respectively, and cell death by PI staining and flow cytometry. 4MU sensitizes GBM cell lines to the effect of TMZ and VCR and inhibits metabolic activity and cell proliferation on U251-R cells. Interestingly, the lowest doses of TMZ enhance U251-R and LN229-R cell proliferation, while 4MU reverts this and even sensitizes both cell lines to TMZ and VCR effects. We showed a marked antitumor effect of 4MU on GBM cells alone and in combination with chemotherapy and proved, for the first time, the effect of 4MU on TMZ-resistant models, demonstrating that 4MU would be a potential therapeutic alternative for improving GBM therapy even on TMZ-refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías A Pibuel
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 4° Piso, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina.
| | - Daniela Poodts
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 4° Piso, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Sofía A Sias
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 4° Piso, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Agustín Byrne
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Silvia E Hajos
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 4° Piso, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Paula G Franco
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Silvina L Lompardía
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 4° Piso, 1113, Capital Federal, Argentina
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Rahimi-Kalateh Shah Mohammad G, Motavalizadehkakhky A, Darroudi M, Zhiani R, Mehrzad J, Afshari AR. Urolithin B loaded in cerium oxide nanoparticles enhances the anti-glioblastoma effects of free urolithin B in vitro. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127186. [PMID: 37148696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive kind of malignant primary brain tumor in humans. Given the limitation of Conventional therapeutic strategy, the development of nanotechnology and natural product therapy seems to be an effective method enhancing the prognosis of GBM patients. In this research, cell viability, mRNA expressions of various apoptosis-related genes apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human U-87 malignant GBM cell line (U87) treated with Urolithin B (UB) and CeO2-UB. Unlike CeO2-NPs, both UB and CeO2-UB caused a dose-dependent decrease in the viability of U87 cells. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of UB and CeO2-UB were 315 and 250 μM after 24 h, respectively. Moreover, CeO2-UB exerted significantly higher effects on U87 viability, P53 expression, and ROS generation. Furthermore, UB and CeO2-UB increased the accumulation of U87 cells in the SUB-G1 population, decreased the expression of cyclin D1, and increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio expression. Collectively, these data indicate that CeO2-UB exhibited more substantial anti-GBM effects than UB. Although further in vivo investigations are needed, these results proposed that CeO2-NPs could be utilized as a potential novel anti-GBM agent after further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Motavalizadehkakhky
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran; Advanced Research Center for Chemistry, Biochemistry & Nanomaterial, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology & Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahele Zhiani
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran; New Materials Technology and Processing Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Jamshid Mehrzad
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran; Advanced Research Center for Chemistry, Biochemistry & Nanomaterial, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Psidium guajava induces cytotoxicity in human malignant glioblastoma cell line: Role of reactive oxygen species. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 89:105567. [PMID: 36758825 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the deadliest types of CNS primary brain cancers is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and the survival rate of patients is about 7.2%. The standard treatment for GBM is surgical interventions followed by temozolomide. We investigated for the first time, the cytotoxic impacts of Psidium guajava (P. guajava) on the U87 GBM cell line. We measured cell toxicity through the MTT test following 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h treatment with different concentrations of fruit and seed hydroalcoholic extracts of P. guajava (25-400 μg/ml). Lipid peroxidation assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptosis rate were evaluated 24 h after treatment by extracts of P. guajava. Moreover, to determine the Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-κB genes expression, we performed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our finding demonstrated that 50-400 μg/ml of P. guajava extracts dose-dependently decreased the viability of U87 cells. Also, treatment by extracts increased lipid peroxidation, ROS production, and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the RT-PCR demonstrated an up-regulation in Bax\Bcl-2 and NF-κB. Thus, P. guajava inhibited the proliferation of U87 GBM cells and increased apoptosis probably through Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-κB regulation.
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Abdelfattah MG, Hussein MT, Ragab SMM, Khalil NSA, Attaai AH. The effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) roots on the reproductive aspects in male Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:34. [PMID: 36737791 PMCID: PMC9896824 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Japanese quail is considered one of the most significant species in the poultry industry. However, the high male-to-female ratio results in the aggressive behavior of males. Dietary strategies that improve the properties of semen could reduce the number of males required to maintain optimal fertility and reduce aggressive behavior. Therefore, this study aims to provide insight into the possible improving efm fect of ginger roots on the reproductive aspects of Japanese male quails. RESULTS To achieve this objective, powder of Ginger roots was administrated to 2 groups of quails (10, and 15 g/Kg feed) from 7 days until 70 days of age. Some males were reared singly in cages (n = 40 for each group) to assess sperm quality and other males (n = 32 for each group) were raised with females to assess fertility and sperm-egg penetration. Additionally, biochemical tests and histological examination were also performed. When compared to the control group, dietary inclusion of Ginger at a dose of 15 g caused more improvement in ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, motility, viability and sperm-egg penetration. Whereas, the motility and fertility percentages of sperms were equipotent in both doses. Dose-dependent increases were found in the cloacal gland area and volume, as well as foam production and weight. Both doses resulted in a significant reduction in plasma total cholesterol along with an elevation cin plasma testosterone and lipid peroxides. The comparison between all groups concerning nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity revealed the absence of significant difference. Morphologically, the diameter of the seminiferous tubules and the height of germinal epithelium significantly increased especially in the higher dose of Ginger. CONCLUSIONS Ginger roots especially at a dose of 15 gm/kg feed was effective in improving male reproductive performance. These findings are of utmost importance in encouraging the addition of Ginger roots in ration formulation in male quails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manal T. Hussein
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sohair M. M. Ragab
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nasser S. Abou Khalil
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdelraheim H. Attaai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University, New Nasser City, West of Assiut, Assiut, Egypt
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11
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Induction of apoptosis in glioma cells by lycorine via reactive oxygen species generation and regulation of NF-κB pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1247-1255. [PMID: 36715733 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is an extremely aggressive primary brain tumor, which is highly resistant to chemotherapy, presenting a therapeutic challenge. Here, we explored the anti-glioma effects and the underlying mechanism of lycorine, an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from lycoris on glioma cells. We found that lycorine could dose dependently inhibit C6 glioma cell growth and induce cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of lycorine on C6 glioma cells at 48 h was 2.85 μM. Meanwhile, lycorine treatment caused dysfunction of the NF-κB signal, as demonstrated by the up-regulation of NF-κB inhibitor protein IκB and the downregulation of the NF-κB phosphorylation protein p-p65. The addition of NF-κB inhibitor SC75741 further confirmed the importance of the NF-κB pathway in lycorine-induced cell-growth inhibition. Moreover, lycorine might act synergically with temozolomide (TMZ) to reduce drug resistance by blocking the NF-κB pathway. Our study suggested that lycorine exerts an anti-glioma effect by inducing ROS production and inhibiting NF-κB, which validated that lycorine may be a potential candidate for glioma treatment alone or in combination with TMZ.
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12
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Alsaffar RM, Ali A, Rashid SM, Ahmad SB, Alkholifi FK, Kawoosa MS, Ahmad SP, Rehman MU. Zerumbone Protects Rats from Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Oxidative Outbursts and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:2982-2991. [PMID: 36713739 PMCID: PMC9878628 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immunocompromised disorder characterized by a marked increase in the synthesis of inflammatory molecules that stimulates the destruction of bones and cartilage. The conventional treatment modalities for RA are associated with adverse side effects and lack sensitivity, suggesting an immediate demand for alternate beneficial therapeutic remedies. The current study sought to understand more about zerumbone's anti-inflammatory properties in diagnosing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in experimental animals. The current study observed that zerumbone reduced clinical severity in CIA-induced animals compared to healthy animals. Zerumbone administration significantly decreased (p < 0.001) the concentration of SOD, CAT, GR, and GSH in treatment groups. Zerumbone administration drove down significantly (p < 0.001) the concentration of inflammatory cytokine molecules. Zerumbone was effective in bringing significant changes in levels of MPO, NO, LDH, MMP-8, and ELA. The therapeutic potential of zerumbone was found to be associated with reduced joint destruction and restored normal histology in the cartilage and tissue. Adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity studies were used to determine the druglike properties of zerumbone. ProTox-II studies revealed that zerumbone did not possess toxic properties like hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the present study evaluated the therapeutic properties of zerumbone in CIA animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana M Alsaffar
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division
of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary
Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division
of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary
Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division
of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary
Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Faisal K Alkholifi
- Department
of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Majid Shafi Kawoosa
- Mycoplasma
Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences
and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department
of Statistics, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Eidizade F, Soukhtanloo M, Zhiani R, Mehrzad J, Mirzavi F. Inhibition of glioblastoma proliferation, invasion, and migration by Urolithin B through inducing G0/G1 arrest and targeting MMP-2/-9 expression and activity. Biofactors 2022; 49:379-389. [PMID: 36310375 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
One kind of brain cancer with a dismal prognosis is called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) due to its high growth rate and widespread tumor cell invasion into various areas of the brain. To improve therapeutic approaches, the objective of this research investigates the cytotoxic, anti-metastatic, and apoptotic effect of urolithin-B (UB) as a bioactive metabolite of ellagitannins (ETs) on GBM U87 cells. The malignant GBM cell line (U87) was examined for apoptosis rate, cell cycle analysis, cell viability, mRNA expressions of several apoptotic and metastasis-associated genes, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), MMP-2, and MMP-9 activity and protein expression, and migration ability. The findings revealed that UB decreased U87 GBM viability in a dose-dependent manner and NIH/3T3 normal cells with the IC50 value of 30 and 55 μM after 24 h, respectively. UB also induces necrosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in U87 cells. UB also increases ROS production and caused down-regulation of Bcl2 and up-regulation of Bax apoptotic genes. Additionally, treatment of UB reduced the migration of U87 cells. The protein levels, mRNA expression, and the MMP-2 and MMP-9 enzyme activities also decreased concentration-dependently. So, due to the non-toxic nature of UB and its ability to induce apoptosis and reduce the U87 GBM cell invasion and migration, after more research, it can be regarded as a promising new anti-GBM compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Eidizade
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahele Zhiani
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
- New Materials Technology and Processing Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Jamshid Mehrzad
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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14
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Rondina DBL, de Lima LVA, da Silva MF, Zanetti TA, Felicidade I, Marques LA, Coatti GC, Mantovani MS. Differential mRNA expression in the induction of DNA damage, G 2/M arrest, and cell death by zerumbone in HepG2/C3A cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 85:105474. [PMID: 36122806 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zerumbone (ZER) is a phytochemical with antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. This study evaluated the cytoxicity of ZER combined with chemotherapeutic agents and the expression of mRNA genes related to cell cycle, cell death, xenobiotic metabolism, DNA damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in HepG2/C3A cells. ZER was cytotoxic (IC50, 44.31 μM). ZER-induced apoptosis was related to BBC3 and ERN1 upregulation (ER stress), and its antiproliferative effects were attributable to MYC, IGF1, and NF-kB mRNA inhibition. ZER-induced G2/M arrest and DNA damage was associated with mRNA expression of cell cycle (CDKN1A) and DNA damage (GADD45A) genes. Increased CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 mRNA expression suggested ZER metabolization, and reduced CYP1A1 and CYP2D6 expression indicated a longer time of action of ZER in the cell, enhancing its pharmacological effect. ZER downregulated TP53, PARP1, BIRC5 (apoptosis), and MAP1LC3A (autophagy). In apoptosis assay, the data of the association treatments with ZER suggested antagonism. In cytotoxicity assay, the data of the association treatments with ZER suggested synergism action to cisplatin and antagonism action to doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil. Thus, ZER has potential for application in chemotherapy as it modulates mRNA targets; however, it may not have the desired efficiency when combined with other chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Berbel Lirio Rondina
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luan Vitor Alves de Lima
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Matheus Felipe da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thalita Alves Zanetti
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Felicidade
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lilian Areal Marques
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Castello Coatti
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Mantovani
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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15
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Zerumbone-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Gel Enhances Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1129297. [PMID: 36124067 PMCID: PMC9482501 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1129297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the healing effects of topical application of zerumbone, a well-known anti-inflammatory compounds loaded on nanostructured lipid carrier gel (Carbopol 940) (ZER-NLCG) on excisional wounds in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats with inflicted superficial skin wound were topically treated with ZER-NLCG, empty NLCG, and silver sulfadiazine cream (SSDC) once daily for 21 days. Wound tissue samples were analyzed for proinflammatory cytokines, namely, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), hydroxyproline contents, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and lipid peroxidation level, and were subjected to histopathological analysis, respectively. Among the treated groups, ZER-NLCG was the most effective at decreasing proinflammatory cytokine level and inflammatory cell infiltration while increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, hydroxyproline content, and granulation of wound tissues of diabetic rats. ZER-NLCG is a potent formulation for the enhancement of wound healing in diabetic rats through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue repair activities.
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16
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Amini J, Mollazadeh H, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Targeting angiogenesis in gliomas: Potential role of phytochemicals. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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17
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Qoorchi Moheb Seraj F, Heravi-Faz N, Soltani A, Ahmadi SS, Shahbeiki F, Talebpour A, Afshari AR, Ferns GA, Bahrami A. Thymol has anticancer effects in U-87 human malignant glioblastoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9623-9632. [PMID: 35997850 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol) is a colorless crystalline derivative of cymene, that possesses pleotropic pharmacological properties, including analgesic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Thymol has also been recognized for its beneficial effect as an anti-tumor agent, but the precise mechanism for this has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to identifying whether thymol exerts anti-cancer activity in human U-87 malignant glioblastoma (GB) cells (U-87). METHODS AND RESULTS Cell viability and apoptosis was evaluated in U-87 cells treated with thymol at different concentrations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mRNA expressions of apoptosis-related genes and cell cycle characteristics were assessed. The cytotoxic activity of the co-exposure of thymol and temozolomide (TMZ) was also evaluated. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of thymol in the U-87 cells was 230 μM assessed at 24 h after exposure. Thymol did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects on normal L929 cells at this concentration. Thymol treatment increased the expression of Bax and p53, and also increased apoptotic cell death, and excessive generation of ROS. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of thymol on the U-87 cells may be related to the arrest of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 interface. Combination therapy showed that the cytotoxic effects of thymol synergized with TMZ, and combined treatment had more cytotoxic potential compared to either of the agents alone. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate the potential cytotoxic activities of thymol on U-87 cells. Further studies are required to evaluate the spectrum of the antitumor activity of thymol on GB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Qoorchi Moheb Seraj
- Endovascular Section, Neurosurgical Department, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloofar Heravi-Faz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Neyshabour branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabour, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajad Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shahbeiki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Talebpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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18
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Rahimifard M, Bagheri Z, Hadjighassem M, Jaktaji RP, Behroodi E, Haghi-Aminjan H, Movahed MA, Latifi H, Hosseindoost S, Zarghi A, Pourahmad J. Investigation of anti-cancer effects of new pyrazino[1,2-a]benzimidazole derivatives on human glioblastoma cells through 2D in vitro model and 3D-printed microfluidic device. Life Sci 2022; 302:120505. [PMID: 35358594 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recent studies show targeted therapy of new pyrazino[1,2-a]benzimidazole derivatives with COX-II inhibitory effects on different cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate 2D cell culture and 3D spheroid formation of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells using a microfluidic device after exposure to these compounds. MAIN METHODS After isolating astrocytes from human GBM samples, IC50 of 2,6-dimethyl pyrazino[1,2-a]benzimidazole (L1) and 3,4,5-trimethoxy pyrazino[1,2-a]benzimidazole (L2) were determined as 13 μM and 85 μM, respectively. Then, in all experiments, cells were exposed to subtoxic concentrations of L1 (6.5 μM) and L2 (42.5 μM), which were ½IC50. In the following, in two phases, cell cycle, migration, and gene expression through 2D cell culture and tumor spheroid formation ability using a 3D-printed microfluidic chip were assessed. KEY FINDINGS The obtained results showed that both compounds have positive effects in reducing G2/M cell population and GBM cell migration. Furthermore, real-time gene expression data showed that L1 and L2 significantly impact the upregulation of P21 and P53 and down-regulation of cyclin D1, MMP2, and MMP9. On the other hand, GBM spheroids exposed to L1 and L2 become smaller with fewer live cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our data on human isolated astrocyte cells in 2D and 3D cell culture conditions showed that L1 and L2 compounds could reduce GBM cells' invasion by controlling gene expressions associated with migration and proliferation. Moreover, designing microfluidic platform and related cell culture protocols facilitates the broad screening of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids derived from GBM tumor biopsies and provides effective drug development for brain gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahban Rahimifard
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Bagheri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Behroodi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahsa Azami Movahed
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Saereh Hosseindoost
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Memari F, Mirzavi F, Jalili-Nik M, Afshari AR, Ghorbani A, Soukhtanloo M. Tumor-Inhibitory Effects of Zerumbone Against HT-29 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Toxicol 2022; 41:402-411. [PMID: 35719111 DOI: 10.1177/10915818221104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer-associated death globally. Recently, herbal medicinal products and, in particular, zerumbone have been widely studied and used for cancer treatment as they induce significant anti-cancer effects. However, there is limited information about the anti-cancer effects of zerumbone in CRC. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-cancer effects of the zerumbone in CRC, focusing on cell apoptosis and migration. Anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of zerumbone on HT-29 cells were evaluated using MTT and scratch wound healing assay, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the mRNA expression levels of migration and apoptosis-related genes. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using a ROS assay kit. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 (MMP-2/-9) activity was determined using gelatin zymography. Zerumbone suppressed the viability of the HT-29 cells dose-dependently while having less cytotoxicity on normal NIH/3T3 cells. Zerumbone induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells and arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. These effects were associated with alteration in the expression of apoptosis-related genes (up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 genes). Zerumbone also enhanced the generation of ROS in HT-29 cells. Furthermore, zerumbone significantly inhibited the migration of HT-29 cells and decreased MMP-2/-9 mRNA expression and activity. Our findings provide a potential use for zerumbone to induce apoptosis and suppress metastasis in HT-29 cells; thus, it could be developed as a promising natural agent for future CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fezzeh Memari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, 196469Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 196469North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 37552Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, 113380Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Kesharwani P, Sukhorukov VN, Sahebkar A. Recent trends in the application of nanoparticles in cancer therapy: The involvement of oxidative stress. J Control Release 2022; 348:287-304. [PMID: 35644289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the biomedical area, the interdisciplinary field of nanotechnology has the potential to bring numerous unique applications, including better tactics for cancer detection, diagnosis, and therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been the topic of many research and material applications throughout the last decade. Unlike small-molecule medications, NPs are defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, which allows them to permeate live cells with relative ease. The versatility of NPs as both therapeutics and diagnostics makes them ideal for a broad spectrum of illnesses, from infectious diseases to cancer. A significant amount of data has been participated in the current scientific publications, emphasizing the concept that NPs often produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a larger degree than micro-sized particles. It is important to note that oxidative stress governs a wide range of cell signaling cascades, many of which are responsible for cancer cell cytotoxicity. Here, we aimed to provide insight into the signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress in cancer cells in response to several types of nanomaterials, such as metallic and polymeric NPs and quantum dots. We discuss recent advances in developing integrated anticancer medicines based on NPs targeted to destroy malignant cells by increasing their ROS setpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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21
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The Combination of Zerumbone with 5-Fluorouracil for Sensitizing Colorectal Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9369328. [PMID: 35449812 PMCID: PMC9017496 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9369328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the synergic effects of combination therapy on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance-cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to treatment. Chemotherapy resistance is an important challenge in colorectal cancer (CRC) eradication attention to the tumor microenvironment (TME) is very important. CAFs in the TME play an essential role in cancer chemoresistance and relapse. Additionally, many patients with advanced CRC show resistance to 5-FU therapy. Anti-tumorigenic activities of ZER, a chemopreventive compound derived from the rhizomes of the wild ginger, have been demonstrated. Synergistic and potentiating effects of combination therapy, using herbal and chemical drugs, can improve patients’ response. At the first, CAFs were isolated from a CRC patient and sorted by fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS), then, confirmed by flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry (ICC). The effect of 5-FU and ZER on the cell viability was investigated by MTT assay in a dose and time-dependent manner, after that, the expression of vimentin, β-catenin, and survivin was quantified. Apoptosis, cell cycle, and invasion were analyzed by flow cytometry and scratch test, respectively. ZER could significantly sensitize CAFs cells to 5-FU. A combination of 5-FU + ZER revealed a marked decrease in the marker of interest in both mRNA and protein levels compared to control groups, including 5-FU, ZER treated, and untreated cells. Functional evaluation of cells in different groups presented significant suppression in migration of CAFs and an apparent increase in cell arrest and apoptosis by 5-FU + ZER treatment.
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Bibak B, Shakeri F, Keshavarzi Z, Mollazadeh H, Javid H, Jalili-Nik M, Sathyapalan T, Afshari AR, Sahebkar A. Anticancer mechanisms of Berberine: a good choice for glioblastoma multiforme therapy. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4507-4528. [PMID: 35209812 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220224112811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The most typical malignant brain tumor, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), seems to have a grim outcome, despite the intensive multi-modality interventions. Literature suggests that biologically active phytomolecules may exert anticancer properties by regulating several signaling pathways. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, has various pharmacological applications to combat severe diseases like cancer. Mechanistically, Berberine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, suppresses tumor angiogenesis, and induces cell apoptosis. The effect of the antitumoral effect of Berberine in GBM is increasingly recognized. This review sheds new light on the regulatory signaling mechanisms of Berberine in various cancer, proposing its potential role as a therapeutic agent for GBM. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Bibak
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shakeri
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Zakieh Keshavarzi
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sanati M, Aminyavari S, Mollazadeh H, Bibak B, Mohtashami E, Afshari AR. How do phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors affect cancer? A focus on glioblastoma multiforme. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:323-339. [PMID: 35050491 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) enzyme overexpression in the central nervous system (CNS) malignancies, investigations have explored the potential capacity of current PDE5 inhibitor drugs for repositioning in the treatment of brain tumors, notably glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). It has now been recognized that these drugs increase brain tumors permeability and enhance standard chemotherapeutics effectiveness. More importantly, studies have highlighted the promising antitumor functions of PDE5 inhibitors, e.g., triggering apoptosis, suppressing tumor cell growth and invasion, and reversing tumor microenvironment (TME) immunosuppression in the brain. However, contradictory reports have suggested a pro-oncogenic role for neuronal cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), indicating the beneficial function of PDE5 in the brain of GBM patients. Unfortunately, due to the inconsistent preclinical findings, only a few clinical trials are evaluating the therapeutic value of PDE5 inhibitors in GBM treatment. Accordingly, additional studies should be conducted to shed light on the precise effect of PDE5 inhibitors in GBM biology regarding the existing molecular heterogeneities among individuals. Here, we highlighted and discussed the previously investigated mechanisms underlying the impacts of PDE5 inhibitors in cancers, focusing on GBM to provide an overview of current knowledge necessary for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Samaneh Aminyavari
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Bahram Bibak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohtashami
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
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Jalili-Nik M, Afshari AR, Mahboobnia K, Guest PC, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Analysis of Cytotoxic Effects of Zerumbone in Malignant Glioblastoma Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2343:361-369. [PMID: 34473337 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1558-4_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive tumor in the central nervous system with a poor prognosis. Currently, the main interventions include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Recently, several natural products have been reported as potentially effective and safer treatment options. Here, we studied the effects of zerumbone, a sesquiterpene compound derived from Zingiber zerumbet Smith rhizomes, on human GBM U-87 MG cells in vitro. To meet this purpose, we used a cytotoxicity assay, as well as a quantitative polymerase chain reaction of apoptosis-related genes and western blot analysis of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), a transcription factor that controls the production of cytokines and molecules involved in cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mahboobnia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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25
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Datta S, Luthra R, Bharadvaja N. Medicinal Plants for Glioblastoma Treatment. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:2367-2384. [PMID: 34939551 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666211221144739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, an aggressive brain cancer, demonstrates the least life expectancy among all brain cancers. Because of the regulation of diverse signaling pathways in cancers, the chemotherapeutic approaches used to suppress their multiplication and spreading are restricted. Sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents has developed because of the pathological and drug-evading abilities of these diverse mechanisms. As a result, the identification and exploration of strategies or treatments, which can overcome such refractory obstacles to improve glioblastoma response to treatment as well as recovery, is essential. Medicinal herbs contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, which could trigger aggressive brain cancers, regulate their anti-cancer mechanisms and immune responses to assist in cancer elimination, and cause cell death. Numerous tumor-causing proteins, which facilitate invasion as well as metastasis of cancer, tolerance of chemotherapies, and angiogenesis, are also inhibited by these phytochemicals. Such herbs remain valuable for glioblastoma prevention and its incidence by effectively being used as anti-glioma therapies. This review thus presents the latest findings on medicinal plants using which the extracts or bioactive components are being used against glioblastoma, their mechanism of functioning, pharmacological description as well as recent clinical studies conducted on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreeja Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
| | - Ritika Luthra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
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Liu XL, Zhao YC, Zhu HY, Wu M, Zheng YN, Yang M, Cheng ZQ, Ding CB, Liu WC. Taxifolin retards the D-galactose-induced aging process through inhibiting Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and regulating the gut microbiota in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:12142-12158. [PMID: 34788354 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging and aging-related metabolic complications are global problems that seriously threaten public health. Taxifolin (TAX) is a novel health food and has been widely proved to have a variety of biological activities used in food and medicine. However, the delayed effect of TAX on the aging process has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of TAX as a natural active substance on aging brain tissue induced by D-galactose (D-Gal) and to determine the effect of supplementing TAX on the metabolism of the intestinal flora in aging bodies. The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-Gal (800 mg kg-1) once per 3 days for 12 weeks, and TAX (20 and 40 mg kg-1) was administered daily by oral gavage after 6 weeks of induction with D-Gal. After testing aging mice in an eight-arm maze, the results showed that TAX treatment significantly restored spatial learning and memory impairment. Moreover, long-term D-Gal treatment incited cholinergic dysfunction of aging mice, and H&E staining revealed obvious histopathological damage and structural disorder in the hippocampus of mouse brain tissue, while TAX treatment significantly reversed these changes. Importantly, supplementing with TAX significantly mitigated oxidative stress injury by alleviating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) while increasing antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, TAX decreased the apoptosis of the aging brain by regulating the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NADH dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1) to maximally moderate the oxidative stress injury that occurred after D-Gal induction. In addition, 16S rDNA analysis revealed that TAX treatment decelerated the D-gal-induced aging process by regulating the composition of the intestinal flora and abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Enterorhabdus, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Parvibacter. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that TAX alleviated oxidative stress injury in mice aged by D-Gal and also confirmed that TAX improved the aging process by regulating intestinal microbes, which provides the possibility of prevention and treatment for aging and metabolic disorders through the potential food health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ming Wu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chuan-Bo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wen-Cong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China. .,State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
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Jalili-Nik M, Afshari AR, Sabri H, Bibak B, Mollazadeh H, Sahebkar A. Zerumbone, a ginger sesquiterpene, inhibits migration, invasion, and metastatic behavior of human malignant glioblastoma multiforme in vitro. Biofactors 2021; 47:729-739. [PMID: 34046952 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The most widespread and challenging aggressive malignant tumor in the brain is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is characterized, in particular, by significant intratumor cell variability, high growth rates, and widespread invasiveness within the surrounding normal brain parenchyma. The present study aimed to examine the impact of the natural product Zerumbone, a promising sesquiterpenoid phytochemical from Zingiber zerumbet, on U-87 MG GBM cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. At sub-lethal doses, Zerumbone exerted a concentration- and time-dependent suppression of cell migration ability utilizing scratch wound closure assay; it also inhibited GBM cells' invasion using Transwell invasion assay in a concentration-dependent fashion. The enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 and their protein expression has also been reduced by administration of Zerumbone. Furthermore, Zerumbone was revealed to downregulate the mRNA expression level of IL-1β and MCP-1, two genes contributing to MMPs expression. We also found that Zerumbone exerted an inhibitory effect on the expression of Akt and total p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/Erk2) against U-87 MG cells. These findings collectively provide further proof for the possible molecular signaling basis of the antimetastatic effects of Zerumbone as a promising phytochemical, indicating a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GBM through repression of migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamed Sabri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahram Bibak
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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29
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Afshari AR, Mollazadeh H, Henney NC, Jamialahmad T, Sahebkar A. Effects of statins on brain tumors: a review. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 73:116-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tagde P, Tagde P, Tagde S, Bhattacharya T, Garg V, Akter R, Rahman MH, Najda A, Albadrani GM, Sayed AA, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Altyar AE, Kaushik D, Abdel-Daim MM. Natural bioactive molecules: An alternative approach to the treatment and control of glioblastoma multiforme. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111928. [PMID: 34323701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most deadly malignant tumors, with more than 10,000 cases recorded annually in the United States. Various clinical analyses and studies show that certain chronic diseases, including cancer, interact between cell-reactive radicals rise and pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen and nitrogenous sources include endogenous (physiological processes), and exogenous sources contain reactive oxygen and nitrogen (xenobiotic interaction). The cellular oxidation/reduction shifts to oxidative stress when the regulation mechanisms of antioxidants are surpassed, and this raises the ability to damage cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. OBJECTIVE: This review is focused on how phytochemicals play crucial role against glioblastoma multiforme and to combat these, bioactive molecules and their derivatives are either used alone, in combination with anticancer drugs or as nanomedicine formulations for better cancer theranostics over the conventional approach. CONCLUSION: Bioactive molecules found in seeds, vegetables, and fruits have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties that may help cancer survivors feel better throughout chemotherapy or treatment. However, incorporating them into the nanocarrier-based drug delivery for the treatment of GBMs, which could be a promising therapeutic strategy for this tumor entity, increasing targeting effectiveness, increasing bioavailability, and reducing side effects with this target-specificity, drug internalization into cells is significantly improved, and off-target organ aggregation is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Tagde
- Bhabha Pharmacy Research Institute, Bhabha University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India.
| | - Pooja Tagde
- Practice of Medicine Department, Govt. Homeopathy College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Tagde
- PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), India
| | - Tanima Bhattacharya
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, China; Department of Science & Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Vishal Garg
- Jaipur School of Pharmacy, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Sadarghat, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, South Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, South Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Fakhri S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Hussain Y, Abbaszadeh F, Lu B, Hu X, Wu J, Zou L, Smeriglio A, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Khan H. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials of edible flowers: where do we stand? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8589-8645. [PMID: 34096420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are attracting special therapeutic attention and their administration is on the rise. Edible flowers play pivotal modulatory roles on oxidative stress and related interconnected apoptotic/inflammatory pathways toward the treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlighted the phytochemical content and therapeutic applications of edible flowers, as well as their modulatory potential on the oxidative stress pathways and apoptotic/inflammatory mediators, resulting in anticancer effects. Edible flowers are promising sources of phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic compounds, carotenoids, terpenoids) with several therapeutic effects. They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Edible flowers potentially modulate oxidative stress by targeting erythroid nuclear transcription factor-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Nrf2/ERK/MAPK), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant response elements (AREs). As the interconnected pathways to oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukins (ILs) as well as apoptotic pathways such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, caspase and cytochrome C are critical targets of edible flowers in combating cancer. In this regard, edible flowers could play promising anticancer effects by targeting oxidative stress and downstream dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Control release drug delivery system, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Institute of Food Safety & Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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32
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Chemoprevention and therapeutic role of essential oils and phenolic compounds: Modeling tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105638. [PMID: 33933637 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system. Current treatments available for GBM entails surgical resection followed by temozolomide chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, which are associated with multidrug resistance and severe side effects. While this treatment could yield good results, in almost all cases, patients suffer from relapse, which leads to reduced survival rates. Thus, therapeutic approaches with improved efficiency and reduced off-target risks are needed to overcome these problems. Regarding this, natural products appear as a safe and attractive strategy as chemotherapeutic agents or adjuvants in the treatment of GBM. Besides the increasing role of natural compounds for chemoprevention of GBM, it has been proposed to prevent carcinogenesis and metastasis of GBM. Numerous investigations showed that natural products are able to inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis, to induce apoptosis, and to target GBM stem cells, which are associated with tumor development and recurrence. This review gives a timely and comprehensive overview of the current literature regarding chemoprevention and therapy of GBM by natural products with a focus on essential oils and phenolic compounds and their molecular mechanisms.
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Ghahremani F, Sabbaghzadeh R, Ebrahimi S, Javid H, Ghahremani J, Hashemy SI. Pathogenic role of the SP/ NK1R system in GBM cells through inhibiting the thioredoxin system. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:499-505. [PMID: 34094032 PMCID: PMC8143719 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.52902.11945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive Grade IV brain tumor, is a significant public health issue due to its poor prognosis and incurability. Neuropeptide substance P (SP) plays a critical role in GBM tumor growth and development via activation of neurokinin-1receptor (NK1R). Moreover, SP is a pro-oxidant factor contributing to oxidative stress in various cell types. However, the link between SP and oxidative stress in cancer cells is not fully investigated. Here, we aimed to identify the effects of SP and NK1R antagonist, aprepitant, on the redox status of GBM cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Resazurin assay was employed to determine the effect of aprepitant on viability of U87 glioblastoma cells. 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay was employed to measure the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to measure the expression of proteins of the thioredoxin system. Commercial kits (ZellBio GmbH) were also used to measure the enzymatic activity of these proteins. RESULTS We found that SP increased ROS level in U87 GBM cells, and aprepitant significantly reduced this effect. Furthermore, we found that SP could also affect the thioredoxin system, a central antioxidant enzyme defense system. SP reduced both expression and enzymatic activity of the thioredoxin system's proteins, Trx and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and these effects were significantly reduced by aprepitant. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that SP activation of NK1R represented a link between oxidative stress and GBM and highlighted the need for further validations in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghahremani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Sabbaghzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosein Javid
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Ghahremani
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Atamanalp M, Parlak V, Özgeriş FB, Çilingir Yeltekin A, Ucar A, Keleş MS, Alak G. Treatment of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA injury with N-acetylcysteine at simulative pesticide toxicity in fish. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:224-234. [PMID: 33412942 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1871794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide toxicities are common in aquatic ecosystems and affects aquatic livings negative. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the antioxidant system in aquatic organisms and to protect the organisms against these toxic chemicals. In this study, the simulative toxicity was established to the fish then the healing process was followed. For this purpose, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to cypermethrin and left to the recovery process with either N-acetyl cysteine (an antioxidant, 0.5 mM-1.0 mM concentrations) or no intervention (self-healing) for 96 h. In this context, paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (AR), myeloperoxidase (MPO), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities as well as MDA, caspase-3 and 8-OHdG levels were measured in fish gills, liver and kidney tissues. In addition, trace element tests were performed in the tissues sampled for each group. At the result of pesticide exposure, SOD, CAT, GPx, PON, AR and AChE activities were increased but MDA, MPO, caspase-3 and 8-OHdG levels were decreased in N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) treated groups in all tissues compared to self-healing group (p < 0.05). When the element analysis of the samples was examined, tissue-based differences were observed significantly in all application groups (p < 0.05). Considering the results of the study, it was found that NAC administration at high concentration (1.0 Mm NAC) was more effective on pesticide toxicity. It was concluded that the most sensitive tissue was the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betül Özgeriş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mevlüt Sait Keleş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of novel derivatives of flexicaulin A as antiproliferative agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112789. [PMID: 32883640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As our research focuses on anticancer drugs, a series of novel derivatives of flexicaulin A (FA), an ent-kaurene diterpene, condensed with an aromatic ring were synthesized, and their antiproliferative activities against four human cancer cell lines (TE-1, EC109, MCF-7, and MGC-803) were evaluated. The activities of most of the new compounds were better than those of FA. Compound 2y exhibited the best activity with an IC50 value reaching 0.13 μM against oesophageal cancer cells (EC109 cells). The IC50 values for 2y in normal cells (GES-1 cells and HUVECs) were 0.52 μM and 0.49 μM, respectively. Subsequent mechanistic investigations found that compound 2y can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and cell cloning. In addition, 2y could reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential, increase the apoptosis rate, and increase the ROS level in EC109 cells. Moreover, 2y can upregulate the expression of ROS/JNK pathway-related proteins (p-ASK1, p-MKK4, p-JNK, and p-Cjun (ser63)) and pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bad, and Bim). In vivo experiments showed that 2y can inhibit tumour growth in nude mice. The mechanism involves an increase in protein expression in the ROS pathway, leading to changes in apoptosis-related proteins. In addition, compound 2y shows low toxicity. These results indicate that compound 2y holds promising potential as an antiproliferative agent.
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Li K, Wu L, Chen Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Li M, Hao K, Zhang W, Jiang S, Wang Z. Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Effects of β-Mangostin on Rat C6 Glioma Cells Depend on Oxidative Stress Induction via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway Inhibition. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:5315-5324. [PMID: 33293793 PMCID: PMC7718963 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s278414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the nervous system, which accounts for more than 45% of central nervous system tumors and seriously threatens our health. Because of high mortality rate, limitations, and many complications of traditional treatment methods, new treatment methods are urgently needed. β-Mangostin is a natural compound derived from the fruit of Garcinia mangostana L. and it has anticancer activity in several types of cancer cells. However, the antitumor effect of β-mangostin in glioma has not been clarified. Hence, this study aimed to investigate its therapeutic effects on gliomas. Materials and Methods To study the effect of β-mangostin on glioma cells, cell viability assay, reactive oxygen species production, cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated in the C6 cell line in vitro. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to analyze protein expression and phosphorylation to study its mechanism of action. A subcutaneous xenograft model was used to investigate the effect of β-mangostin on tumorigenesis in vivo. Results We found that β-mangostin can inhibit glioma cell growth and induce oxidative damage in vitro. In addition, it reduces the phosphorylated form levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR. Furthermore, the phosphorylated form levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were increased after the PI3K inhibitor was added. In vivo experiments showed that β-mangostin can inhibit tumor growth as shown by its reduced size and weight. Conclusion This study suggests that β-mangostin can inhibit cell proliferation and induce oxidative damage in cells. It is the first study to demonstrate that β-mangostin induces oxidative damage in glioma cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yili Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianni Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Hao
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, People's Republic of China.,Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
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Bou-Gharios J, Assi S, Bahmad HF, Kharroubi H, Araji T, Chalhoub RM, Ballout F, Harati H, Fares Y, Abou-Kheir W. The potential use of tideglusib as an adjuvant radio-therapeutic treatment for glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem-like cells. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:227-239. [PMID: 33140310 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a stage IV astrocytoma, is the most common brain malignancy among adults. Conventional treatments of surgical resection followed by radio and/or chemotherapy fail to completely eradicate the tumor. Resistance to the currently available therapies is mainly attributed to a subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) present within the tumor bulk that self-renew leading to tumor relapse with time. Therefore, identification of characteristic markers specific to these cells is crucial for the development of targeted therapies. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), a serine-threonine kinase, is deregulated in a wide range of diseases, including cancer. In GBM, GSK-3β is overexpressed and its suppression in vitro has been shown to induce apoptosis of cancer cells. METHODS In our study, we assessed the effect of GSK-3β inhibition with Tideglusib (TDG), an irreversible non-ATP competitive inhibitor, using two human GBM cell lines, U-251 MG and U-118 MG. In addition, we combined TDG with radiotherapy to assess whether this inhibition enhances the effect of standard treatment. RESULTS Our results showed that TDG significantly reduced cell proliferation, cell viability, and migration of both GBM cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro. Treatment with TDG alone and in combination with radiation significantly decreased the colony formation of U-251 MG cells and the sphere formation of both cell lines, by targeting and reducing their glioblastoma cancer stem-like cells (GSCs) population. Finally, cells treated with TDG showed an increased level of unrepaired radio-induced DNA damage and, thus, became sensitized toward radiation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, TDG has proven its effectiveness in targeting the cancerous properties of GBM in vitro and may, hence, serve as a potential adjuvant radio-therapeutic agent to better target this deadly tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolie Bou-Gharios
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
- Chair of Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Assi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Hisham F Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
- Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Hussein Kharroubi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Tarek Araji
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Reda M Chalhoub
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Farah Ballout
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Harati
- Chair of Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Fares
- Chair of Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Riad el Solh, PO Box 110236/41, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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Minocycline in Treating Glioblastoma Multiforme: Far beyond a Conventional Antibiotic. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8659802. [PMID: 33014057 PMCID: PMC7519463 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8659802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the most lethal forms of CNS pathologies is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that represents high invasiveness, uncontrolled proliferation, and angiogenic features. Its invasiveness is responsible for the high recurrence even after maximal surgical interventions. Minocycline is a semisynthetic analog of tetracyclines with potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, distinct from its antimicrobial activity. In this review, we highlight the importance and the cytotoxic mechanisms of minocycline on GBM pathophysiology. Considering the role of certain enzymes in autophagy, apoptosis, tumor cell invasion, and metastatic ability, the possible use of tetracyclines for cancer therapy should be investigated, especially GBM. The present study is, therefore, going to cover the main topics in minocycline pharmacology to date, encouraging its consideration as a new treatment approach for cancer and GBM.
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