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Xu R, Bi Y, He X, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Kidney-tonifying blood-activating decoction delays ventricular remodeling in rats with chronic heart failure by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p65 nuclear factor kappa-B/aquaporin-4 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118110. [PMID: 38580189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myocardial infarction has likely contributed to the increased prevalence of heart failure(HF).As a result of ventricular remodeling and reduced cardiac function, colonic blood flow decreases, causing mucosal ischemia and hypoxia of the villous structure of the intestinal wall.This damage in gut barrier function increases bowel wall permeability, leading to fluid metabolism disorder,gut microbial dysbiosis, increased gut bacteria translocation into the circulatory system and increased circulating endotoxins, thus promoting a typical inflammatory state.Traditional Chinese Medicine plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of HF.Kidney-tonifying Blood-activating(KTBA) decoction has been proved for clinical treatment of chronic HF.However,the mechanism of KTBA decoction on chronic HF is still unclear. AIMS OF THE STUDY The effect of KTBA decoction on gut microbiota and metabolites and p38MAPK/p65NF-κB/AQP4 signaling in rat colon was studied to investigate the mechanism that KTBA decoction delays ventricular remodeling and regulates water metabolism disorder in rats with HF after myocardial infarction based on the theory of "Kidney Storing Essence and Conducting Water". MATERIAL AND METHODS In vivo,a rat model of HF after myocardial infarction was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery combined with exhaustive swimming and starvation.The successful modeling rats were randomly divided into five groups:model group, tolvaptan group(gavaged 1.35mg/(kg•D) tolvaptan),KTBA decoction group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction),KTBA decoction combined with SB203580(p38MAPK inhibitor) group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction and intraperitoneally injected 1.5mg/(kg•D) of SB203580),and KTBA decoction combined with PDTC(p65NF-kB inhibitor) group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction and intraperitoneally injected 120mg/(kg•D) of PDTC).The sham-operation group and model group were gavaged equal volume of normal saline.After 4 weeks of intervention with KTBA decoction,the effect of KTBA decoction on the cardiac structure and function of chronic HF model rats was observed by ultrasonic cardiogram.General state and cardiac index in rats were evaluated.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration in rat serum.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining,and transmission electron microscope(TEM) were used to observe the morphology and ultrastructure of myocardial and colonic tissue,and myocardial fibrosis was measured by Masson's staining.Cardiac E-cadherin level was detected by Western blot.The mRNA expression and protein expression levels of p38MAPK,I-κBα, p65NF-κB,AQP4,Occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissue were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Protein expression of p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK,I-κBα,p-I-κBα,p65NF-κB, p-p65NF-κB,AQP4,Occludin and ZO-1 in rat colon was detected using Western blot.Colonic microbiota and serum metabolites were respectively analyzed by amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.In vitro, CCD-841CoN cell was placed in the ischemic solution under hypoxic conditions (94%N2,5%CO2,and 1%O2) in a 37 °C incubator to establish an ischemia and hypoxia model.The CCD-841CoN cells were divided into 7 groups, namely blank group and model group with normal rat serum plus control siRNA, tolvaptan group with rat serum containing tolvaptan plus control siRNA, KTBA group with rat serum containing KTBA plus control siRNA, KTBA plus p38MAPK siRNA group, KTBA plus p65NF-κB siRNA group,and KTBA plus AQP4siRNA group.After 24h and 48h of intervention with KTBA decoction,RT-qPCR,immunofluorescence and Western blot was used to detect the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of p38MAPK,I-κBα,p65NF-κB,AQP4, Occludin and ZO-1 in CCD-841CoN cells. RESULTS Compared with the model, KTBA decoction improved the general state, decraesed the serum NT-proBNP level,HW/BW ratio, LVIDd and LVIDs, increased E-cadherin level,EF and FS,reduced number of collagen fibers deposited in the myocardial interstitium,and recovered irregular arrangement of myofibril and swollen or vacuolated mitochondria with broken crista in myocardium.Moreover, KTBA decoction inhibited the expression of p38MAPK,I-κBα,and p65NF-κB and upregulated AQP4, Occludin and ZO-1 in colon tissues and CCD-841CoN cells.Additionally,p38siRNA or SB203580, p65siRNA or PDTC, and AQP4siRNA partially weakened the protective effects of KTBA in vitro and vivo.Notably,The LEfSe analysis results showed that there were six gut biomaker bacteria in model group, including Allobaculum, Bacillales,Turicibacter, Turicibacterales,Turicibacteraceae,and Bacilli. Besides, three gut biomaker bacteria containing Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae,and Desulfovibrionales were enriched by KTBA treatment in chronic HF model.There were five differential metabolites, including L-Leucine,Pelargonic acid, Capsidiol,beta-Carotene,and L- Erythrulose, which can be regulated back in the same changed metabolic routes by the intervention of KTBA.L-Leucine had the positive correlation with Bacillales, Turicibacterales,Turicibacteraceae,and Turicibacter.L-Leucine significantly impacts Protein digestion and absorption, Mineral absorption,and Central carbon metabolism in cancer regulated by KTBA, which is involved in the expression of MAPK and tight junction in intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS KTBA decoction manipulates the expression of several key proteins in the p38MAPK/p65NF-κB/AQP4 signaling pathway, modulates gut microbiota and metabolites toward a more favorable profile, improves gut barrier function, delays cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis,and improves cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang,Liaoning 110847,China
| | - Yanping Bi
- Jilin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Jilin,Jilin 132000,China
| | - Xiaoteng He
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang,Liaoning 110847,China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
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Yang Z, Wang Z, Deng X, Zhu L, Song Z, Cao C, Li X. P7C3-A20 treats traumatic brain injury in rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1078-1083. [PMID: 37862211 PMCID: PMC10749631 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.380910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a severe health problem leading to autophagy and apoptosis in the brain. 3,6-Dibromo-beta-fluoro-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-9H-carbazole-9-propanamine (P7C3-A20) can be neuroprotective in various diseases, including ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether P7C3-A20 has a therapeutic effect on traumatic brain injury and its possible molecular mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of P7C3-A20 on traumatic brain injury and explored the putative underlying molecular mechanisms. We established a traumatic brain injury rat model using a modified weight drop method. P7C3-A20 or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally after traumatic brain injury. Severe neurological deficits were found in rats after traumatic brain injury, with deterioration in balance, walking function, and learning memory. Furthermore, hematoxylin and eosin staining showed significant neuronal cell damage, while terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining indicated a high rate of apoptosis. The presence of autolysosomes was observed using transmission electron microscope. P7C3-A20 treatment reversed these pathological features. Western blotting showed that P7C3-A20 treatment reduced microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II) autophagy protein, apoptosis-related proteins (namely, Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3 [BNIP3], and Bcl-2 associated x protein [Bax]), and elevated ubiquitin-binding protein p62 (p62) autophagy protein expression. Thus, P7C3-A20 can treat traumatic brain injury in rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenchao Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoqi Deng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lingxin Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhaomeng Song
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changyu Cao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinran Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
- Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
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Su W, Lv M, Wang D, He Y, Han H, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Lv S, Yao L. Tanshinone IIA Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by Reducing Ischemia‒Reperfusion via the miR-124-5p/FoxO1 Axis. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:7459054. [PMID: 38549714 PMCID: PMC10978079 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7459054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common complication of ischemic stroke that affects the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. The lipid-soluble diterpene Tanshinone IIA, which was isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been indicated to reduce cerebral ischemic injury. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of Tanshinone IIA in alleviating reperfusion-induced brain injury. Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion animal models were established, and neurological scores, tetrazolium chloride staining, brain volume quantification, wet and dry brain water content measurement, Nissl staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed. The viability of cells was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assays, while cell damage was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release in the in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation model. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tanshinone IIA on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced brain injury, as well as its effects on the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis, in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, this study validated the targeting relationship between miR-124-5p and FoxO1 using a dual luciferase assay. Finally, we examined the role of Tanshinone IIA in brain injury from a molecular perspective by inhibiting miR-124-5p or increasing FoxO1 levels. Results After treatment with Tanshinone IIA in middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats, the volume of cerebral infarction was reduced, the water content of the brain was decreased, the nerve function of the rats was significantly improved, and the cell damage was significantly reduced. In addition, Tanshinone IIA effectively inhibited the I/R-induced inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis, that is, it inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, decreased the expression of apoptotic protein Bax and Cleaved-caspase-3, and promoted the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model, Tanshinone IIA also inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in neuronal cells and inhibited the occurrence of neuronal apoptosis. In addition, Tanshinone IIA promoted the expression of miR-124-5p. Transfection of miR-124-5p mimic has the same therapeutic effect as Tanshinone IIA and positive therapeutic effect on OGD cells, while transfection of miR-124-5p inhibitor has the opposite effect. The targeting of miR-124-5p negatively regulates FoxO1 expression. Inhibition of miR-124-5p or overexpression of FoxO1 can weaken the inhibitory effect of Tanshinone IIA on brain injury induced by I/R, while inhibition of miR-124-5p and overexpression of FoxO1 can further weaken the effect of Tanshinone IIA. Conclusion Tanshinone IIA alleviates ischemic-reperfusion brain injury by inhibiting neuroinflammation through the miR-124-5p/FoxO1 axis. This finding provides a theoretical basis for mechanistic research on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Su
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifen Lv
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Dayu Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinghong He
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Han
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Shaokun Lv
- Rehabilitation Medicine of Qujing No. 1 Hospital, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Liqing Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Liu X, Zhou Y, Geng J, Shi Z, Ma L. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation-Mediated Ghrelin Restoration Improves Neurological Functions After Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from 16S rRNA Sequencing and In Vivo Studies. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:919-934. [PMID: 37668964 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how gut microbiota dysbiosis impacts the repair of the blood-brain barrier and neurological deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Through 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, we compared the gut microbiota of TBI rats and normal controls, discovering significant differences in abundance, species composition, and ecological function, potentially linked to Ghrelin-mediated brain-gut axis functionality. Further, in vivo experiments showed that fecal microbiota transplantation or Ghrelin injection could block the intracerebral TNF signaling pathway, enhance GLP-1 expression, significantly reduce brain edema post-TBI, promote the repair of the blood-brain barrier, and improve neurological deficits. However, the TNF signaling pathway activation could reverse these beneficial effects. In summary, our research suggests that by restoring the balance of gut microbiota, the levels of Ghrelin can be elevated, leading to the blockade of intracerebral TNF signaling pathway and enhanced GLP-1 expression, thereby mitigating post-TBI blood-brain barrier disruption and neurological injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, No. 82, North Section 2, 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, 610081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, No. 82, North Section 2, 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, 610081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, No. 82, North Section 2, 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, 610081, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 76, Huacai Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu, 610052, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Hu KB, Lu XM, Wang HY, Liu HL, Wu QY, Liao P, Li S, Long ZY, Wang YT. Effects and mechanisms of tanshinone IIA on PTSD-like symptoms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155032. [PMID: 37611463 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, Salvia miltiorrhiza and its active substances have remarkably progressed in treating central neurological disorders. Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is an active ingredient derived from the rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza that has been found to alleviate the symptoms of several psychiatric illnesses. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that results after experiencing a serious physical or psychological injury. The currently used drugs are not satisfactory for the treatment of PTSD. However, it has been reported that TSA can improve PTSD-like symptoms like learning and memory, cognitive disorder, and depression through multi-target regulation. PURPOSE This paper discusses the ameliorative effects of TSA on PTSD-like symptoms and the possible mechanisms of action in terms of inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, anti-neuroinflammation, and anti-oxidative stress. Based on the pathological changes and clinical observations of PTSD, we hope to provide some reference for the clinical transformation of Chinese medicine in treating PTSD. METHODS A large number of literatures on tanshinone in the treatment of neurological diseases and PTSD were retrieved from online electronic PubMed and Web of Science databases. CONCLUSION TSA is a widely studied natural active ingredient against mental illness. This review will contribute to the future development of TSA as a new clinical candidate drug for improving PTSD-like symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China; College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiu-Min Lu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Hui-Lin Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Qing-Yun Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Ping Liao
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zai-Yun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yong-Tang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Sherawat K, Mehan S. Tanshinone-IIA mediated neuroprotection by modulating neuronal pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1647-1667. [PMID: 37010572 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The progression of neurological diseases is mainly attributed to oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and trauma, making them a primary public concern. Since no drugs can stop these neurological disorders from happening, active phytochemical intervention has been suggested as a possible treatment. Among the several phytochemicals being studied for their potential health advantages, tanshinone-IIA (Tan-IIA ) stands out due to its wide range of therapeutic effects. Tan-IIA, derived from the Salvia miltiorrhiza plant, is a phenanthrenequinone. The pharmacological characteristics of Tan-IIAagainst various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses have led researchers to believe that the compound possesses neuroprotective potential. Tan-IIA has therapeutic potential in treating neurological diseases due to its capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and its broad range of activities. In treating neurological disorders, Tan-IIA has been shown to have neuroprotective effects such as anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, BBB protectant, and antioxidant properties. This article concisely summarises the latest scientific findings about the cellular and molecular aspects of Tan-IIA neuroprotection in relation to various neurological diseases. The results of preclinical studies on Tan-IIA provide insight into its potential application in future therapeutic development. This molecule rapidly establishes as a prominent bioactive compound for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sherawat
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Pan S, Lan Y, Chen B, Zhou Y, Ying X, Hua Y. Tanshinone IIA changed the amniotic fluid volume and regulated expression of AQP1 and AQP3 in amniotic epithelium cells: a promising drug treating abnormal amniotic fluid volume. Mol Med 2023; 29:83. [PMID: 37386378 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have confirmed the association of aquaporins (AQPs) with abnormal amniotic fluid volume (AFV). In our previous experiments, we found that Tanshinone IIA was able to regulate the expression of AQP1 and AQP3. However, the exact mechanism by which Tanshinone IIA regulates AQPs protein expression and its effect on AFV remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Tanshinone IIA on AFV and the possible molecular mechanism of regulation of AQP1 and AQP3. METHODS The expression of AQPs protein in the amniotic membranes was compared between pregnant women with normal pregnancy and those with isolated oligohydramnios. The AQP1 knockout (AQP1-KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice were treated with saline or Tanshinone IIA (10 mg/kg) at 13.5GD and 16.5GD. Human amniotic epithelium cells (hAECs) from pregnant women with normal AFV and isolated oligohydramnios were incubated with 35 μmmol/L Tanshinone IIA or 25 mmol/L LiCl [inhibitor of glycogen synthetic kinase 3β (GSK-3β)]. The protein expressions of AQPs, GSK-3β, phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9) in fetal membranes of mice and human amniotic epithelium cells were detected by western blotting. RESULTS The expression of AQP1 protein in the amniotic membrane of isolated oligohydramnios was increased compared with normal pregnancy. The AFV in AQP1-KO mice is higher than that in WT mice. In wild-type mice, AFV in Tanshinone IIA group was significantly higher than that in control group, and AQP1 protein expression was significantly lower than that in control group, but in AQP1 knockout mice, Tanshinone IIA reduced amniotic fluid volume and AQP3 protein expression at 16.5GD. Tanshinone IIA reduced AQP1, AQP3 and p-GSK-3β (Ser9) protein expression in normal hAECs, and this effect was inhibited by LiCl. In hAECs with oligohydramnios, the down-regulation of AQP1 and up-regulation of AQP3 by Tanshinone IIA was independent of GSK-3β signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Tanshinone IIA may increase AFV in normal pregnancy by downregulating AQP1 protein expression in the fetal membranes, which may be associated with p-GSK-3β signaling pathway. But a larger AFV in AQP1-KO mice was significantly attenuated by Tanshinone IIA, which may be related to AQP3. Tanshinone IIA is a promising drug for the treatment of amniotic fluid abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjia Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Yehui Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Baoyi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Yujia Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Xinxin Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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Wei C, Wang J, Yu J, Tang Q, Liu X, Zhang Y, Cui D, Zhu Y, Mei Y, Wang Y, Wang W. Therapy of traumatic brain injury by modern agents and traditional Chinese medicine. Chin Med 2023; 18:25. [PMID: 36906602 PMCID: PMC10008617 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and death, and the social burden of mortality and morbidity caused by TBI is significant. Under the influence of comprehensive factors, such as social environment, lifestyle, and employment type, the incidence of TBI continues to increase annually. Current pharmacotherapy of TBI mainly focuses on symptomatic supportive treatment, aiming to reduce intracranial pressure, ease pain, alleviate irritability, and fight infection. In this study, we summarized numerous studies covering the use of neuroprotective agents in different animal models and clinical trials after TBI. However, we found that no drug has been approved as specifically effective for the treatment of TBI. Effective therapeutic strategies for TBI remain an urgent need, and attention is turning toward traditional Chinese medicine. We analyzed the reasons why existing high-profile drugs had failed to show clinical benefits and offered our views on the research of traditional herbal medicine for treating TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhu Wei
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jintao Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Cui
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanli Mei
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenzhu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Isaev NK, Genrikhs EE, Stelmashook EV. Antioxidant Thymoquinone and Its Potential in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020433. [PMID: 36829993 PMCID: PMC9952318 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the main pathogenic factors of neuron damage in neurodegenerative processes; this makes it an important therapeutic target to which the action of neuroprotectors should be directed. One of these drugs is thymoquinone. According to modern data, this substance has a wide range of pharmacological activity, including neuroprotective, which was demonstrated in experimental modeling of various neurodegenerative diseases and pathological conditions of the brain. The neuroprotective effect of thymoquinone is largely due to its antioxidant ability. Currently available data show that thymoquinone is an effective means to reduce the negative consequences of acute and chronic forms of cerebral pathology, leading to the normalization of the content of antioxidant enzymes and preventing an increase in the level of lipid peroxidation products. Antioxidant properties make this substance a promising basis for the development of prototypes of therapeutic agents aimed at the treatment of a number of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolay K. Isaev
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Elena V. Stelmashook
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(495)-9171908
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10
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Zhu X, He L, Gao W, Zhao Z. Neuroprotective investigation of tanshinone in the cerebral infarction model in the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:390-402. [PMID: 36066030 PMCID: PMC9879188 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2119687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of tanshinone after cerebral infarction via the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant reaction element (ARE) signaling pathway. Forty specific pathogen-free (SPF) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were selected, all of which were male, approximately seven weeks old, weighing 250 ± 25 g. They were randomly divided into a model group, a non-model operation group, a positive control group, and an experimental group with ten SD rats in each group. The model of cerebral infarction in rats was established by the wire occlusion method. The model group and non-model operation group (control group) were injected with normal saline daily, the negative control group was injected with Keap1 gene inhibitor daily, and the experimental group was injected with tanshinone IIA (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) daily. Animal behavior analysis was performed on the 7th day after the operation, and pathology and the neuroprotective effects of tanshinone IIA on cells were assessed, including cell proliferation, autophagy, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial membrane permeability. The neuroprotective mechanism based on the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway was explored and analyzed. Compared with the model group, the number of Keap1 proteins in the experimental group and the control group was substantially reduced (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was substantially different from the model group (P < 0.01). The protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 increased substantially (P < 0.05), and the experimental group was substantially different from the model group (P < 0.01). In summary, tanshinone IIA promoted the proliferation of nerve cells, inhibited the production of cellular reactive oxygen species, inhibited the change in mitochondrial membrane potential, and activated the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. It also induced and regulated the upregulation of downstream NQO1, HO-1, etc. and protected cells from cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan He
- Department of Neurology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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11
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Huang Y, Yan S, Su Z, Xia L, Xie J, Zhang F, Du Z, Hou X, Deng J, Hao E. Aquaporins: A new target for traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of digestive system diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1069310. [PMID: 36532729 PMCID: PMC9752864 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1069310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins expressed in various organ systems. Many studies have shown that the abnormal expression of AQPs is associated with gastrointestinal, skin, liver, kidneys, edema, cancer, and other diseases. The majority of AQPs are expressed in the digestive system and have important implications for the physiopathology of the gastrointestinal tract as well as other tissues and organs. AQP regulators can prevent and treat most gastrointestinal-related diseases, such as colorectal cancer, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer. Although recent studies have proposed clinically relevant AQP-targeted therapies, such as the development of AQP inhibitors, clinical trials are still lacking and there are many difficulties. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in China for thousands of years to prevent, treat and diagnose diseases, and is under the guidance of Chinese medicine (CM) theory. Herein, we review the latest research on the regulation of AQPs by TCMs and their active components, including Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Poria, Astragali radix, and another 26 TCMs, as well as active components, which include the active components include anthraquinones, saponins, polysaccharides, and flavonoid glycosides. Through our review and discussion of numerous studies, we attempt to explore the regulatory effects of TCMs and their active components on AQP expression in the corresponding parts of the body in terms of the Triple Energizer concept in Chinese medicine defined as "upper energizer, middle energizer, and lower energizer,"so as to offer unique opportunities for the development of AQP-related therapeutic drugs for digestive system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Shidu Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zixia Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jinling Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengcai Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Guo Y, Dai W, Zheng Y, Qiao W, Chen W, Peng L, Zhou H, Zhao T, Liu H, Zheng F, Sun P. Mechanism and Regulation of Microglia Polarization in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207080. [PMID: 36296682 PMCID: PMC9611828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke, but effective treatments are lacking, and neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis. In the innate immune response to cerebral hemorrhage, microglia first appear around the injured tissue and are involved in the inflammatory cascade response. Microglia respond to acute brain injury by being activated and polarized to either a typical M1-like (pro-inflammatory) or an alternative M2-like (anti-inflammatory) phenotype. These two polarization states produce pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. With the discovery of the molecular mechanisms and key signaling molecules related to the polarization of microglia in the brain, some targets that regulate the polarization of microglia to reduce the inflammatory response are considered a treatment for secondary brain tissue after ICH damage effective strategies. Therefore, how to promote the polarization of microglia to the M2 phenotype after ICH has become the focus of attention in recent years. This article reviews the mechanism of action of microglia’s M1 and M2 phenotypes in secondary brain injury after ICH. Moreover, it discusses compounds and natural pharmaceutical ingredients that can polarize the M1 to the M2 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Guo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Weibo Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan 528401, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Weilin Qiao
- Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528411, China
| | - Weixuan Chen
- Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528411, China
| | - Lihua Peng
- Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 528411, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (H.L.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Huimin Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (H.L.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362002, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (H.L.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Peng Sun
- Innovation Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (H.L.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
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13
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The mechanism of ferroptosis regulating oxidative stress in ischemic stroke and the regulation mechanism of natural pharmacological active components. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113611. [PMID: 36081288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemic stroke, pose serious medical challenges worldwide due to their high morbidity and mortality and limitations in clinical treatment strategies. Studies have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated inflammation, excitotoxicity, and programmed cell death of each neurovascular unit during post-stroke hypoxia and reperfusion play an important role in the pathological cascade. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death characterized by iron-regulated accumulation of lipid peroxidation, is caused by abnormal metabolism of lipids, glutathione (GSH), and iron, and can accelerate acute central nervous system injury. Recent studies have gradually uncovered the pathological process of ferroptosis in the neurovascular unit of acute stroke. Some drugs such as iron chelators, ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) can protect nerves after neurovascular unit injury in acute stroke by inhibiting ferroptosis. In addition, combined with our previous studies on ferroptosis mediated by natural compounds in ischemic stroke, this review summarized the progress in the regulation mechanism of natural chemical components and herbal chemical components on ferroptosis in recent years, in order to provide reference information for future research on ferroptosis and lead compounds for the development of ferroptosis inhibitors.
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14
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Xu M, Wang W, Lu W, Ling X, Rui Q, Ni H. Evodiamine prevents traumatic brain injury through inhibiting oxidative stress via PGK1/NRF2 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Tanshinone IIA reduces AQP4 expression and astrocyte swelling after OGD/R by inhibiting the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6 pro-inflammatory axis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14110. [PMID: 35982135 PMCID: PMC9388613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of tanshinone IIA (TSO IIA) in astrocytic swelling caused by ischemia–reperfusion-like injury in an in vitro model and the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect. Primary brain astrocytes were cultured under conditions of glucose and oxygen deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). The study explored the effects of TSO IIA treatment on cell swelling and injury and the protein levels of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in the plasma membrane. It then examined the involvement of the high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1)/receptors for advanced-glycation end products (RAGE)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/interleukin-6 (IL-6) pro-inflammatory axis in TSO IIA-mediated protection. The treatment with TSO IIA alleviated OGD/R-induced astrocytic swelling and the overclustering of AQP4 protein in the plasma membrane. In addition, TSO IIA significantly reduced the overexpression of HMGB1 and the high levels of the NF-κB protein in the nucleus and of the IL-6 protein in the cytoplasm and extracellular media induced by OGD/R. The combination of TSO IIA and recombinant HMGB1 reversed these effects. The inhibition of the RAGE, the receptor of HMGB1, induced results similar to those of TSO IIA. In addition, exogenous IL-6 reversed TSO IIA-mediated effect on AQP4 overclustering and cell swelling. TSO IIA significantly reduced astrocyte swelling after OGD/R injury in vitro, via blocking the activation of the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB/IL-6 pro-inflammatory axis and thereby decreasing the expression of AQP4 in the plasma membrane.
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16
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Jiang YL, Wang XS, Li XB, Liu A, Fan QY, Yang L, Feng B, Zhang K, Lu L, Qi JY, Yang F, Song DK, Wu YM, Zhao MG, Liu SB. Tanshinone IIA improves contextual fear- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice via the CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3932-3948. [PMID: 35801985 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychiatric diseases, which is characterized by the typical symptoms such as re-experience, avoidance, and hyperarousal. However, there are few drugs for PTSD treatment. In this study, conditioned fear and single-prolonged stress were employed to establish PTSD mouse model, and we investigated the effects of Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA), a natural product isolated from traditional Chinese herbal Salvia miltiorrhiza, as well as the underlying mechanisms in mice. The results showed that the double stress exposure induced obvious PTSD-like symptoms, and TanIIA administration significantly decreased freezing time in contextual fear test and relieved anxiety-like behavior in open field and elevated plus maze tests. Moreover, TanIIA increased the spine density and upregulated synaptic plasticity-related proteins as well as activated CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in the hippocampus. Blockage of CREB remarkably abolished the effects of TanIIA in PTSD model mice and reversed the upregulations of p-CREB, BDNF, TrkB, and synaptic plasticity-related protein induced by TanIIA. The molecular docking simulation indicated that TanIIA could interact with the CREB-binding protein. These findings indicate that TanIIA ameliorates PTSD-like behaviors in mice by activating the CREB/BDNF/TrkB pathway, which provides a basis for PTSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Jiang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin-Shang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu-Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - An Liu
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qing-Yu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ban Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing-Yu Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Da-Ke Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Gao Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shui-Bing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Shao H, Pan S, Lan Y, Chen X, Dai D, Peng L, Hua Y. Tanshinone IIA increased amniotic fluid volume through down-regulating placental AQPs expression via inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 389:547-558. [PMID: 35674921 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of idiopathic oligohydramnios is still uncertain, and there is no effective and targeted treatment for it. Placental aquaporins (AQPs) were associated with idiopathic oligohydramnios. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tanshinone IIA on amniotic fluid volume (AFV) and its underlying molecular mechanisms related to placental AQPs (AQP1, AQP3, AQP8, AQP9). Results showed that compared with the women with normal AFV, placental AQP1, AQP3, AQP8, and AQP9 protein expressions were decreased in women with idiopathic oligohydramnios. Immunohistochemistry revealed localization of AQP1, AQP3, AQP8, and AQP9 mainly in trophoblast cells within labyrinth zone of mouse placenta. Also, AQP1 was located in fetal vascular endothelial cells. Pregnant mice were administered with tanshinone IIA (10 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg, n = 8, respectively) or vehicle (n = 8) from 9.5 to 18.5 gestational day (GD). Tanshinone IIA markedly increased the AFV in pregnant mice, without the effects on embryo numbers per litter, atrophic embryo rate, fetal weight, and placental weight, as well as increased the expressions of AQPs and inhibited the activity of GSK-3β in mice placenta. In JEG-3 cells, tanshinone IIA downregulated AQP1, AQP3, AQP8, AQP9 expressions and inhibited the activity of GSK-3β. Activating GSK-3β with MK-2206 eliminated these alterations. Thus, tanshinone IIA could increase AFV in pregnant mice, possibly through downregulating placental AQP1, AQP3, AQP8, and AQP9 expression via inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β. Tanshinone IIA may be optional for the treatment of idiopathic oligohydramnios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Shao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuangjia Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yehui Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianjun Chen
- Taizhou Women and Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Dongru Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated To Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingli Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated To Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China.
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18
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Zhao H, Han B, Li X, Sun C, Zhai Y, Li M, Jiang M, Zhang W, Liang Y, Kai G. Salvia miltiorrhiza in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Review of Its Phytochemistry, Derivatives, Nanoparticles, and Potential Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:872085. [PMID: 35600860 PMCID: PMC9117704 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.872085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most deadly malignancies in women worldwide. Salvia miltiorrhiza, a perennial plant that belongs to the genus Salvia, has long been used in the management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The main anti-breast cancer constituents in S. miltiorrhiza are liposoluble tanshinones including dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, and cryptotanshinone, and water-soluble phenolic acids represented by salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid C, and rosmarinic acid. These active components have potent efficacy on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms mainly include induction of apoptosis, autophagy and cell cycle arrest, anti-metastasis, formation of cancer stem cells, and potentiation of antitumor immunity. This review summarized the main bioactive constituents of S. miltiorrhiza and their derivatives or nanoparticles that possess anti-breast cancer activity. Besides, the synergistic combination with other drugs and the underlying molecular mechanisms were also summarized to provide a reference for future research on S. miltiorrhiza for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Liang
- *Correspondence: Yi Liang, ; Guoyin Kai,
| | - Guoyin Kai
- *Correspondence: Yi Liang, ; Guoyin Kai,
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19
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Xu Y, Liu Z, Xu S, Li C, Li M, Cao S, Sun Y, Dai H, Guo Y, Chen X, Liang W. Scientific Evidences of Calorie Restriction and Intermittent Fasting for Neuroprotection in Traumatic Brain Injury Animal Models: A Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2022; 14:1431. [PMID: 35406044 PMCID: PMC9002547 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It has widely been accepted that food restriction (FR) without malnutrition has multiple health benefits. Various calorie restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF) regimens have recently been reported to exert neuroprotective effects in traumatic brain injury (TBI) through variable mechanisms. However, the evidence connecting CR or IF to neuroprotection in TBI as well as current issues remaining in this research field have yet to be reviewed in literature. The objective of our review was therefore to weigh the evidence that suggests the connection between CR/IF with recovery promotion following TBI. Medline, Google Scholar and Web of Science were searched from inception to 25 February 2022. An overwhelming number of results generated suggest that several types of CR/IF play a promising role in promoting post-TBI recovery. This recovery is believed to be achieved by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, promoting hippocampal neurogenesis, inhibiting glial cell responses, shaping neural cell plasticity, as well as targeting apoptosis and autophagy. Further, we represent our views on the current issues and provide thoughts on the future direction of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.X.); (S.X.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zejie Liu
- Department of Forensic Pathology and Forensic Clinical Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Shuting Xu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.X.); (S.X.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Chengxian Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.X.); (S.X.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Manrui Li
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Shuqiang Cao
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Yuwen Sun
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.X.); (S.X.); (C.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Forensic Pathology and Forensic Clinical Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Xiameng Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology and Forensic Clinical Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Weibo Liang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.L.); (S.C.)
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Li ZK, Li CH, Yue AC, Song HP, Liu XH, Zhou XD, Bi MJ, Han W, Li Q. Therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on rats with acute brain injury after carbon monoxide poisoning based on the strategy of internet pharmacology. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:413-434. [PMID: 34761859 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of brain injury caused by carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) is very complex, and there is no exact and reliable treatment in clinic. In the present study, we screened the therapeutic target and related signal pathway of Salvia Miltiorrhiza for acute COP brain injury, and clarified the pharmacological mechanism of multicomponent, multitarget, and multisignal pathway in Salvia Miltiorrhiza by network pharmacology. To further verify the therapeutic effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on acute brain injury based on the results of network analysis, a total of 216 male healthy Sprague Dawley rats were collected in the present study and randomly assigned to a normal control group, a COP group and a Tanshinone IIA sulfonate treatment group (72 rats in each group). The rat model of acute severe COP was established by the secondary inhalation in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber. We found that Salvia Miltiorrhiza had multiple active components, and played a role in treating acute brain injury induced by COP through multiple targets and multiple pathways, among them, MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway was one of the most important. COP can start apoptosis process, activate the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and promote the expression of VEGF-A protein and the formation of brain edema. Tanshinone IIA can effectively inhibit apoptosis, up-regulate the expressions of VEGF-A, P-MEK1/2 and P-ERK1/2 proteins, thereby protect endothelial cells, promote angiogenesis and microcirculation, and finally alleviate brain edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Kun Li
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chun-Hua Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sami Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ao-Chun Yue
- School of Medicine, Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui-Ping Song
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xu-Han Liu
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhou
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming-Jun Bi
- Physical Examination Centre, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Han
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Li
- Emergency department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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21
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Dadgostar E, Rahimi S, Nikmanzar S, Nazemi S, Naderi Taheri M, Alibolandi Z, Aschner M, Mirzaei H, Tamtaji OR. Aquaporin 4 in Traumatic Brain Injury: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Target. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:860-871. [PMID: 35088218 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03512-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known as an acute degenerative pathology of the central nervous system, and has been shown to increase brain aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression. Various molecular mechanisms affect AQP4 expression, including neuronal high mobility group box 1, forkhead box O3a, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α) sirtuin 2, NF-κB, Malat1, nerve growth factor and Angiotensin II receptor type 1. In addition, inhibition of AQP4 with FK-506, MK-801 (indirectly by targeting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor), inactivation of adenosine A2A receptor, levetiracetam, adjudin, progesterone, estrogen, V1aR inhibitor, hypertonic saline, erythropoietin, poloxamer 188, brilliant blue G, HIF-1alpha inhibitor, normobaric oxygen therapy, astaxanthin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, sesamin, thaliporphine, magnesium, prebiotic fiber, resveratrol and omega-3, as well as AQP4 gene silencing lead to reduced edema upon TBI. This review summarizes current knowledge and evidence on the relationship between AQP4 and TBI, and the potential mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Dadgostar
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shiva Rahimi
- School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shahin Nikmanzar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Nazemi
- Tracheal Disease Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Naderi Taheri
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Alibolandi
- Anatomical Science Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jiang H, Li H, Cao Y, Zhang R, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Zeng X, Wu J, Wu D, Wu D, Guo X, Li X, Wu H, Li P. Effects of cannabinoid (CBD) on blood brain barrier permeability after brain injury in rats. Brain Res 2021; 1768:147586. [PMID: 34289379 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol is a natural herbal medicine known to protect the brain from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, a TBI rat model was established, with cannabidiol administered intraperitoneally at doses of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg, 30 min before surgery and 6 h after surgery until sacrifice. Brain water content, body weight, and modified neurological severity scores were determined, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Nissl staining, Evans-blue dye extravasation, and western blotting were performed. Results showed that cannabidiol decreased the number of aquaporin-4-positive and glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells. Cannabidiol also significantly reduced the protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and significantly increased the expression of tight junction proteins (claudin-5 and occludin). Moreover, cannabidiol administration significantly mitigated water content in the brain after TBI and blood-brain barrier disruption and ameliorated the neurological deficit score after TBI. Cannabidiol administration improved the integrity and permeability of the blood-brain barrier and reduced edema in the brain after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Pathology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining 629000, China
| | - Hengxi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Kunming Medical University Electron Microscope Laboratory, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Forensic Medicine of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Morphology Laboratory, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Douwei Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Deye Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Qilu Medical University, Zibo 255213, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaobing Guo
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Haiying Wu
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Song Z, Feng J, Zhang Q, Deng S, Yu D, Zhang Y, Li T. Tanshinone IIA Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Microglial Activation and Polarization via NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:641848. [PMID: 33953677 PMCID: PMC8090935 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.641848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA, a fat-soluble diterpenoid isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been shown to attenuate the cerebral ischemic injury. The aim of this study was to examine the effects on neuroprotection and microglia activation of Tanshinone IIA. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). We found that Tanshinone IIA significantly reduced infarction volume, alleviated neuronal injuries, reduced the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, increased SOD activity, and decrease the content of MDA in MCAO rats. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Nissl staining, TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence staining showed that Tanshinone IIA improved the distribution and morphology of neurons in brain tissues and reduced apoptosis. In addition, Co-immunofluorescence staining of rat brain tissues and the mRNA expression levels of CD11b, CD32, iNOS, and Arg-1, CD206, IL-10 in BV2 cells indicated that Tanshinone IIA can downregulate M1 microglia and upregulate M2 microglia in MCAO rats. Further, BV2 microglial cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation, the protein expression levels were detected by western blot. Tanshinone IIA inhibited the expression levels of NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins. Taken together, this study suggested that Tanshinone IIA modulated microglial M1/M2 polarization via the NF-κB signaling pathway to confer anti-neuroinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Punan Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- College of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Punan Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Deng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yuefan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Punan Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
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Intracisternal administration of tanshinone IIA-loaded nanoparticles leads to reduced tissue injury and functional deficits in a porcine model of ischemic stroke. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:18-30. [PMID: 33842909 PMCID: PMC8019951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The absolute number of new stroke patients is annually increasing and there still remains only a few Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatments with significant limitations available to patients. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a promising potential therapeutic for ischemic stroke that has shown success in pre-clinical rodent studies but lead to inconsistent efficacy results in human patients. The physical properties of Tan-IIA, including short half-life and low solubility, suggests that Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle-assisted delivery may lead to improve bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. The objective of this study was to develop Tan IIA-loaded nanoparticles (Tan IIA-NPs) and to evaluate their therapeutic effects on cerebral pathological changes and consequent motor function deficits in a pig ischemic stroke model. Results Tan IIA-NP treated neural stem cells showed a reduction in SOD activity in in vitro assays demonstrating antioxidative effects. Ischemic stroke pigs treated with Tan IIA-NPs showed reduced hemispheric swelling when compared to vehicle only treated pigs (7.85 ± 1.41 vs. 16.83 ± 0.62%), consequent midline shift (MLS) (1.72 ± 0.07 vs. 2.91 ± 0.36 mm), and ischemic lesion volumes (9.54 ± 5.06 vs. 12.01 ± 0.17 cm3) when compared to vehicle-only treated pigs. Treatment also lead to lower reductions in diffusivity (-37.30 ± 3.67 vs. -46.33 ± 0.73%) and white matter integrity (-19.66 ± 5.58 vs. -30.11 ± 1.19%) as well as reduced hemorrhage (0.85 ± 0.15 vs 2.91 ± 0.84 cm3) 24 h post-ischemic stroke. In addition, Tan IIA-NPs led to a reduced percentage of circulating band neutrophils at 12 (7.75 ± 1.93 vs. 14.00 ± 1.73%) and 24 (4.25 ± 0.48 vs 5.75 ± 0.85%) hours post-stroke suggesting a mitigated inflammatory response. Moreover, spatiotemporal gait deficits including cadence, cycle time, step time, swing percent of cycle, stride length, and changes in relative mean pressure were less severe post-stroke in Tan IIA-NP treated pigs relative to control pigs. Conclusion The findings of this proof of concept study strongly suggest that administration of Tan IIA-NPs in the acute phase post-stroke mitigates neural injury likely through limiting free radical formation, thus leading to less severe gait deficits in a translational pig ischemic stroke model. With stroke as one of the leading causes of functional disability in the United States, and gait deficits being a major component, these promising results suggest that acute Tan IIA-NP administration may improve functional outcomes and the quality of life of many future stroke patients.
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Key Words
- ADC, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AU, arbitrary units
- BBB, blood brain barrier
- Baic, Baicalin
- CNS, central nervous system
- CSF, cerebral spinal fluid
- DAMPS, damaged-associated molecular patterns
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- DTI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging
- DWI, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
- Edar, Edaravone
- FA, fractional anisotropy
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid
- GM, gray matter
- IC, inhibitory concentration
- ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IM, intramuscular
- Ischemic stroke
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MCA, middle cerebral artery
- MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion
- MLS, midline shift
- NP, nanoparticle
- NSCs, neural stem cells
- Nanomedicine
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PEG–PLGA, polyethyleneglycol–polylactic-co-glycolic acid
- PLGA nanoparticle
- PLGA, Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PLGA-b-PEG-OH, poly (lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly (ethylene glycol)-maleimide
- Pig stroke model
- Piog, Pioglitazone
- Puer, Puerarin
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Resv, Resveratrol
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- STAIR, Stroke Therapy Academic and Industry Roundtable
- T2*, T2Star
- T2FLAIR, T2 Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery
- T2W, T2Weighted
- TD, transdermal
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α
- Tan IIA, Tanshinone IIA
- Tan IIA-NPs, Tan IIA PLGA NPs
- Tan IIA-NPs, Tan IIA-loaded nanoparticles
- Tanshinone IIA
- UGA, University of Georgia
- WM, white matter
- ddH2O, double-distilled water
- tPA, Tissue plasminogen activator
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Li X, Yu J, Ma D, Weng X. Edaravone Improves the Post-traumatic Brain Injury Dysfunction in Learning and Memory by Modulating Nrf2/ARE Signal Pathway. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e3131. [PMID: 34878029 PMCID: PMC8610218 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the molecular mechanism of edaravone (EDA) in improving the post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) dysfunction in learning and memory. METHODS In vitro and in vivo TBI models were established using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment for hippocampal nerve stem cells (NSCs) and surgery for rats, followed by EDA treatment. WST 1 measurement, methylthiazol tetrazolium assay, and flow cytometry were performed to determine the activity, proliferation, and apoptosis of NSCs, and malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection kits were used to analyze the oxides in NSCs. RESULTS Following EDA pretreatment, NSCs presented with promising resistance to H2O2-induced oxidative stress, whereas NSCs manifested significant increases in activity and proliferation and a decrease in apoptosis. Meanwhile, for NSCs, EDA pretreatment reduced the levels of MDA, LDH, and ROS, with a significant upregulation of Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway, whereas for EDA-treated TBI rats, a significant reduction was observed in the trauma area and injury to the hippocampus, with improvement in memory and learning performance and upregulation of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS EDA, by regulating the activity of Nrf2/ARE signal pathway, can improve the TBI-induced injury to NSCs and learning and memory dysfunction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Yu
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious global public health problem. Survivors of TBI often suffer from long-term disability, which puts a heavy burden on society and families. Unfortunately, up to now, there is no efficacious treatment for TBI patients in clinical practice. As a reducing gas, hydrogen has been shown to be neuroprotective in multiple cerebral disease models; however, its efficacy in TBI remains controversial. In this review, we will focus on the results of hydrogen in experimental TBI, elaborate the potential mechanisms, and put forward for future researches based on our current understanding and views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Gang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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