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Azzam MA, Fahim SA, ElMonier AA, Maurice NW. Functional analysis of a panel of molecular markers for diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in rats. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240318. [PMID: 38967046 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a diverse autoimmune disease that arises from a combination of complex genetic factors and environmental influences. While circRNAs and miRNAs have recently been identified as promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis, their specific expression patterns, and clinical implications in SLE are not yet fully understood. AIM OF THE WORK The aim of the present study was to determine the role of a panel of noncoding-RNAs specifically circRNAs (circ-TubD1, circ-CDC27, and circ-Med14), along with miRNA (rno-miR-146a-5p) and mRNA (TRAF6), as novel minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers for experimentally induced SLE. Additionally, the study involved an insilico bioinformatics analysis to explore potential pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, aiming to enhance our understanding of the disease, enable early diagnosis, and facilitate improved treatment strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS SLE was induced in rats using single IP injection of incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). The Induction was confirmed by assessing the ANA and anti-ds DNA levels using ELSA technique. qPCR analysis was conducted to assess the expression of selected RNAs in sera collected from a group of 10 rats with induced SLE and a control group of 10 rats. In addition, bioinformatics and functional analysis were used to construct a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network and to determine the potential function of these differentially expressed circRNAs. RESULTS SLE rats demonstrated significantly higher expression levels of circ-CDC27, circ-Med14, and rno-miR-146a-5p as well as TRAF6, with lower expression level of circ-TubD1 in sera of SLE rats relative to controls. ROC curve analysis indicated that all the selected non-coding RNAs could serve as potential early diagnostic markers for SLE. In addition, the expression level of circ-TubD1 was negatively correlated with rno-miR-146a-5p, however, rno-miR-146a-5p was positively correlated with TRAF6. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the incorporation of the circRNAs targeted genes in various immune system and neurodegeneration pathways. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, circRNAs; circ-TubD1, circ-CDC27, and circ-Med14, in addition to the miRNA (rno-miR-146a-5p) and mRNA (TRAF6) may be involved in the development of SLE and may have promising roles for future diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- May A Azzam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally A Fahim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, 12577, Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A ElMonier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadine W Maurice
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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Wu X, Zhong S, Zhou N, Luo L. TRAF6 Inhibitors from Marine Compound Library: Pharmacophore, Virtual Screening, Fragment Replacement, ADMET, and Molecular Dynamics. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:260. [PMID: 38921571 PMCID: PMC11204769 DOI: 10.3390/md22060260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
TRAF6 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a crucial role in cell signaling. It is known that MMP is involved in tumor metastasis, and TRAF6 induces MMP-9 expression by binding to BSG. However, inhibiting TRAF6's ubiquitinase activity without disrupting the RING domain is a challenge that requires further research. To address this, we conducted computer-based drug screening to identify potential TRAF6 inhibitors. Using a ligand-receptor complex pharmacophore based on the inhibitor EGCG, known for its anti-tumor properties, we screened 52,765 marine compounds. After the molecular docking of 405 molecules with TRAF6, six compounds were selected for further analysis. By replacing fragments of non-binding compounds and conducting second docking, we identified two promising molecules, CMNPD9212-16 and CMNPD12791-8, with strong binding activity and favorable pharmacological properties. ADME and toxicity predictions confirmed their potential as TRAF6 inhibitors. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that CMNPD12791-8 maintained a stable structure with the target protein, comparable to EGCG. Therefore, CMNPD12791-8 holds promise as a potential inhibitor of TRAF6 for inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexuan Wu
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (X.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
| | - Nan Zhou
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (X.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
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3
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Wu C, Hu L, Liu B, Zeng X, Ma H, Cao Y, Li H, Zhang X. TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of AKT in the nucleus is a critical event underlying the desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:213. [PMID: 38566235 PMCID: PMC10986131 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) refers to the attenuation of receptor responsiveness by prolonged or intermittent exposure to agonists. The binding of β-arrestin to the cytoplasmic cavity of the phosphorylated receptor, which competes with the G protein, has been widely accepted as an extensive model for explaining GPCRs desensitization. However, studies on various GPCRs, including dopamine D2-like receptors (D2R, D3R, D4R), have suggested the existence of other desensitization mechanisms. The present study employed D2R/D3R variants with different desensitization properties and utilized loss-of-function approaches to uncover the mechanisms underlying GPCRs homologous desensitization, focusing on the signaling cascade that regulates the ubiquitination of AKT. RESULTS AKT undergoes K8/14 ubiquitination by TRAF6, which occurs in the nucleus and promotes its membrane recruitment, phosphorylation and activation under receptor desensitization conditions. The nuclear entry of TRAF6 relies on the presence of the importin complex. Src regulates the nuclear entry of TRAF6 by mediating the interaction between TRAF6 and importin β1. Ubiquitinated AKT translocates to the plasma membrane where it associates with Mdm2 to phosphorylate it at the S166 and S186 residues. Thereafter, phosphorylated Mdm2 is recruited to the nucleus, resulting in the deubiquitination of β-Arr2. The deubiquitinated β-Arr2 then forms a complex with Gβγ, which serves as a biomarker for GPCRs desensitization. Like in D3R, ubiquitination of AKT is also involved in the desensitization of β2 adrenoceptors. CONCLUSION Our study proposed that the property of a receptor that causes a change in the subcellular localization of TRAF6 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus to mediate AKT ubiquitination could initiate the desensitization of GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Li Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xingyue Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Haixiang Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yongkai Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, People's Hospital of Zunyi City Bo Zhou District, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Aktar S, Ferdousi F, Kondo S, Kagawa T, Isoda H. Transcriptomics and biochemical evidence of trigonelline ameliorating learning and memory decline in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and elevating neurotransmitter release. GeroScience 2024; 46:1671-1691. [PMID: 37721682 PMCID: PMC10828270 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, exploring natural compounds with functional properties to ameliorate aging-associated cognitive decline has become a research priority to ensure healthy aging. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Trigonelline (TG), a plant alkaloid, on memory and spatial learning in 16-week-old senescence-accelerated mouse model SAMP8 using an integrated approach for cognitive and molecular biology aspects. After 30 days of oral administration of TG at the dose of 5 mg/kg/day, the mice were trained in Morris Water Maze task. TG-treated SAMP8 mice exhibited significant improvement in the parameters of escape latency, distance moved, and annulus crossing index. Next, we performed a whole-genome transcriptome profiling of the mouse hippocampus using microarrays. Gene ontology analyses showed that a wide range of biological processes, including nervous system development, mitochondrial function, ATP synthesis, and several signaling pathways related to inflammation, autophagy, and neurotransmitter release, were significantly enriched in TG-treated SAMP8 compared to nontreated. Further, a nonlinear dimensionality reduction technique, Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), was applied to identify clusters of functions that revealed TG primarily regulated pathways related to inflammation, followed by those involved in neurotransmitter release. In addition, a protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that TG may exert its biological effects through negatively modulating Traf6-mediated NF-κB activation. Finally, ELISA test showed that TG treatment significantly decreased proinflammatory cytokines- TNFα and IL6 and increased neurotransmitters- dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin in mouse hippocampus. Altogether, our integrated bio-cognitive approach highlights the potential of TG in alleviating age-related memory and spatial impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Aktar
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Farhana Ferdousi
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinji Kondo
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibarak, 305-8572, Japan.
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Simula ER, Jasemi S, Cossu D, Manca PC, Sanna D, Scarpa F, Meloni G, Cusano R, Sechi LA. The Genetic Landscape of Systemic Rheumatic Diseases: A Comprehensive Multigene-Panel Study Identifying Key Gene Polymorphisms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:438. [PMID: 38675400 PMCID: PMC11054024 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic rheumatic diseases, including conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus, represent a complex array of autoimmune disorders characterized by chronic inflammation and diverse clinical manifestations. This study focuses on unraveling the genetic underpinnings of these diseases by examining polymorphisms in key genes related to their pathology. Utilizing a comprehensive genetic analysis, we have documented the involvement of these genetic variations in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Our study has identified several key polymorphisms with notable implications in rheumatic diseases. Polymorphism at chr11_112020916 within the IL-18 gene was prevalent across various conditions with a potential protective effect. Concurrently, the same IL18R1 gene polymorphism located at chr2_103010912, coding for the IL-18 receptor, was observed in most rheumatic conditions, reinforcing its potential protective role. Additionally, a further polymorphism in IL18R1 at chr2_103013408 seems to have a protective influence against the rheumatic diseases under investigation. In the context of emerging genes involved in rheumatic diseases, like PARK2, a significant polymorphism at chr6_161990516 was consistently identified across different conditions, exhibiting protective characteristics in these pathological contexts. The findings underscore the complexity of the genetic landscape in rheumatic autoimmune disorders and pave the way for a deeper understanding of their etiology and the possible development of more targeted and effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rita Simula
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.R.S.); (S.J.); (D.C.); (D.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Seyedesomaye Jasemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.R.S.); (S.J.); (D.C.); (D.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Davide Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.R.S.); (S.J.); (D.C.); (D.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Pietro Carmelo Manca
- S.C. Servizio Immunotrasfusionale, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Daria Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.R.S.); (S.J.); (D.C.); (D.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.R.S.); (S.J.); (D.C.); (D.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Gianfranco Meloni
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Roberto Cusano
- Centro di Ricerca, Sviluppo, Studi Superiori in Sardegna (CRS4), Pula, 09100 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Antonio Sechi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.R.S.); (S.J.); (D.C.); (D.S.); (F.S.)
- Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Virologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Saleh Z, Noroozi M, Vakili ME, Kabelitz D, Nasrollahi H, Kalantar K. Targeting TRIM29 As a Negative Regulator of CAR-NK Cell Effector Function to Improve Antitumor Efficacy of these Cells: A Perspective. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:399-403. [PMID: 37218209 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230510101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are among the most important cells in innate immune defense. In contrast to T cells, the effector function of NK cells does not require prior stimulation and is not MHC restricted. Therefore, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells are superior to CAR-T cells. The complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) makes it necessary to explore various pathways involved in NK cell negative regulation. CAR-NK cell effector function can be improved by inhibiting the negative regulatory mechanisms. In this respect, the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif containing 29 (TRIM29) is known to be involved in reducing NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Also, targeting TRIM29 may enhance the antitumor efficacy of CAR-NK cells. The present study discusses the negative effects of TRIM29 on NK cell activity and proposes genomic deletion or suppression of the expression of TRIM29 as a novel approach to optimize CAR-NK cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Saleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Noroozi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Eshkevar Vakili
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig, Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Hamid Nasrollahi
- Radio-Oncology Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kurosh Kalantar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Autoimmune Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Center of Excellence for Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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7
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Zhou Z, Zheng K, Zhou S, Yang Y, Chen J, Jin X. E3 ubiquitin ligases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and implications for therapies. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1543-1565. [PMID: 37796337 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is one of the pathogenic factors involved in the oncogenetic development and progression of NPC. E3 ligases, which are key members of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), specifically recognize various oncogenic factors and tumor suppressors and contribute to determining their fate through ubiquitination. Several studies have demonstrated that E3 ligases are aberrantly expressed and mutated in NPC and that these changes are closely associated with the occurrence and progression of NPC. Herein, we aim to thoroughly review the specific action mechanisms by which E3 ligases participate in NPC signaling pathways and discuss their functional relationship with EBV. Moreover, we describe the current progress in and limitations for targeted therapies against E3 ligases in NPC. KEY MESSAGES: • E3 ubiquitin ligases, as members of the UPS system, determine the fate of their substrates and may act either as oncogenic or anti-tumorigenic factors in NPC. • Mutations or dysregulated expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases is closely related to the occurrence, development, and therapeutic sensitivity of NPC, as they play important roles in several signaling pathways affected by EBV infection. • As promising therapeutic targets, E3 ligases may open new avenues for treatment and for improving the prognosis of NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhou
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Kaifeng Zheng
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Shao Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Youxiong Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo, 315199, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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Vrzić Petronijević S, Vilotić A, Bojić-Trbojević Ž, Kostić S, Petronijević M, Vićovac L, Jovanović Krivokuća M. Trophoblast Cell Function in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2681. [PMID: 37893055 PMCID: PMC10604227 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a complex thrombo-inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Women with APS are at high risk of recurrent early pregnancy loss as well as late obstetrical complications-premature birth due to placental insufficiency or severe preeclampsia. Accumulating evidence implies that vascular thrombosis is not the only pathogenic mechanism in obstetric APS, and that the direct negative effect of aPL on the placental cells, trophoblast, plays a major role. In this review, we summarize the current findings regarding the potential mechanisms involved in aPL-induced trophoblast dysfunction. Introduction on the APS and aPL is followed by an overview of the effects of aPL on trophoblast-survival, cell function and aPL internalization. Finally, the implication of several non-coding RNAs in pathogenesis of obstetric APS is discussed, with special emphasis of their possible role in trophoblast dysfunction and the associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Vrzić Petronijević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vilotić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Žanka Bojić-Trbojević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Petronijević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinical Center of Serbia Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Vićovac
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanović Krivokuća
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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Li J, Peng L, Li H, Cai Y, Yao P, Chen Q, Li X, Zhou Q. Network and pathway-based analysis of candidate genes associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 14:40-53. [PMID: 36915458 PMCID: PMC10007923 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have made some headway in analyzing esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) with respect to pathogenic factors, treatment methods, and prognosis. However, far less is known about the molecular mechanisms. Thus, a comprehensive analysis focusing on the biological function and interaction of EA genes would provide valuable information for understanding the pathogenesis of EA, which may provide new insights into gene function as well as potential therapy targets. Methods We selected 109 genes related to EA by reviewing 458 publications from the PubMed database. In addition, performing gene enrichment assays, pathway enrichment assays, pathway crosstalk analysis, and extraction of EA-specific subnetwork were used to describe the relevant biochemical processes. Results Function analysis revealed that biological processes and biochemical pathways associated with apoptotic and metabolic processes, a variety of cancers, and drug reaction pathways. Further, 12 novel genes (PTHLH, SUMO2, TYMS, APP, PTGIR, SP1, UBC, COL1A1, GSTO1, TRAF6, BMP7, and RAB40B) were identified in the EA-specific network, which might provide helpful information for clinical application. Conclusions Overall, by integrating pathways and networks to explore the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying EA, our results could significantly improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of EA and form a basis for selection of potential molecular targets for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiuxi Zhou
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Chen X, Wang X, Yang Y, Fang C, Liu J, Liang X, Yang Y. A20 Enhances the Expression of the Proto-Oncogene C-Myc by Downregulating TRAF6 Ubiquitination after ALV-A Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102210. [PMID: 36298765 PMCID: PMC9607361 DOI: 10.3390/v14102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hens infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup A (ALV-A) experience stunted growth, immunosuppression, and potentially, lymphoma development. According to past research, A20 can both promote and inhibit tumor growth. In this study, DF-1 cells were infected with ALV-A rHB2015012, and Gp85 expression was measured at various time points. A recombinant plasmid encoding the chicken A20 gene and short hairpin RNA targeting chicken A20 (A20-shRNA) was constructed and transfected into DF-1 cells to determine the effect on ALV-A replication. The potential signaling pathways of A20 were explored using bioinformatics prediction, co-immunoprecipitation, and other techniques. The results demonstrate that A20 and ALV-A promoted each other after ALV-A infection of DF-1 cells, upregulated A20, inhibited TRAF6 ubiquitination, and promoted STAT3 phosphorylation. The phosphorylated-STAT3 (p-STAT3) promoted the expression of proto-oncogene c-myc, which may lead to tumorigenesis. This study will help to further understand the tumorigenic process of ALV-A and provide a reference for preventing and controlling ALV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Chen
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xingming Wang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Chun Fang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xiongyan Liang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuying Yang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, No.88, Jingmi Road, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (Y.Y.)
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The RING finger protein family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:300. [PMID: 36042206 PMCID: PMC9424811 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a highly conserved and fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM) in all eukaryotes regulating thousands of proteins. The RING (really interesting new gene) finger (RNF) protein, containing the RING domain, exerts E3 ubiquitin ligase that mediates the covalent attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) to target proteins. Multiple reviews have summarized the critical roles of the tripartite-motif (TRIM) protein family, a subgroup of RNF proteins, in various diseases, including cancer, inflammatory, infectious, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Except for TRIMs, since numerous studies over the past decades have delineated that other RNF proteins also exert widespread involvement in several diseases, their importance should not be underestimated. This review summarizes the potential contribution of dysregulated RNF proteins, except for TRIMs, to the pathogenesis of some diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorder. Since viral infection is broadly involved in the induction and development of those diseases, this manuscript also highlights the regulatory roles of RNF proteins, excluding TRIMs, in the antiviral immune responses. In addition, we further discuss the potential intervention strategies targeting other RNF proteins for the prevention and therapeutics of those human diseases.
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USP15 negatively regulates lung cancer progression through the TRAF6-BECN1 signaling axis for autophagy induction. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:348. [PMID: 35422093 PMCID: PMC9010460 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-BECN1 signaling axis plays a pivotal role in autophagy induction through ubiquitination of BECN1, thereby inducing lung cancer migration and invasion in response to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation. Herein, we provide novel molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the negative effect of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 15 (USP15) on lung cancer progression. Clinical data of the TCGA and primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (n = 41) revealed that the expression of USP15 was significantly downregulated in lung cancer patients. Importantly, USP15-knockout (USP15KO) A549 and USP15KO H1299 lung cancer cells generated with CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology showed increases in cancer migration and invasion with enhanced autophagy induction in response to TLR4 stimulation. In addition, biochemical studies revealed that USP15 interacted with BECN1, but not with TRAF6, and induced deubiquitination of BECN1, thereby attenuating autophagy induction. Notably, in primary NSCLC patients (n = 4) with low expression of USP15, 10 genes (CCNE1, MMP9, SFN, UBE2C, CCR2, FAM83A, ETV4, MYO7A, MMP11, and GSDMB) known to promote lung cancer progression were significantly upregulated, whereas 10 tumor suppressor genes (FMO2, ZBTB16, FCN3, TCF21, SFTPA1B, HPGD, SOSTDC1, TMEM100, GDF10, and WIF1) were downregulated, providing clinical relevance of the functional role of USP15 in lung cancer progression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that USP15 can negatively regulate the TRAF6-BECN1 signaling axis for autophagy induction. Thus, USP15 is implicated in lung cancer progression.
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Zhong B, Zheng J, Wen H, Liao X, Chen X, Rao Y, Yuan P. NEDD4L suppresses PD-L1 expression and enhances anti-tumor immune response in A549 cells. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:1071-1079. [PMID: 35353342 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) poses a salient threat to public health. E3 ubiquitin ligase commonly functions as an anti-tumor role. OBJECTIVE This study probed the effect of E3 ligase NEDD4L on A549 cells. METHODS NEDD4L expression in NSCLC and its correlation with NSCLC patient's prognosis were predicted and verified. PD-L1 protein level was measured, and the correlation between NEDD4L and PD-L1 was analyzed. The effects of NEDD4L overexpression on the binding of NEDD4L to PD-L1 and ubiquitination level of PD-L1 were examined. Xenograft tumor model was established in mice. The volume and weight of xenograft tumors were recorded. The proportion of CD8+ T cells and contents of IL-2 and INF-γ were detected. RESULTS NEDD4L expression was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and A549 cells, and correlated with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. PD-L1 was upregulated in NSCLC and negatively correlated with NEDD4L. Overexpression of NEDD4L upregulated ubiquitination level of PD-L1 and reduced protein level of PD-L1. Overexpression of NEDD4L decreased tumor volume and weight and enhanced proportion of CD8+ T cells and contents of IL-2 and INF-γ. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, overexpression of NEDD4L suppressed PD-L1 protein level through ubiquitination, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune response and retarding NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Huilan Wen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xinhui Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yunwei Rao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No.23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, 341000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Pal L, Nandani R, Kumar P, Swami B, Roy G, Bhaskar S. Macrophages Are the Key Players in Promoting Hyper-Inflammatory Response in a Mouse Model of TB-IRIS. Front Immunol 2021; 12:775177. [PMID: 34899731 PMCID: PMC8662811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.775177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
TB-IRIS is an abnormal inflammatory response in a subset of HIV-TB co-infected patients shortly after initiation of anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Therapy in these patients could have greatly improved the life expectancy as ART reconstitutes the function and number of CD4+ T cells and many patients see improvement in symptoms but paradoxically up to 54% of co-infected patients develop TB-IRIS. Different studies have indicated that both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in the pathology of IRIS but the role of macrophages in abnormal activation of CD4+ T cells is poorly understood. Since macrophages are one of the major antigen-presenting cells and are infected by M.tb at a high frequency, they are very much likely to be involved in the development of TB-IRIS. In this study, we have developed a mouse model of experimental IRIS, in which M.tb-infected T-cell knockout mice undergo a fatal inflammatory disease after CD4+ T cell reconstitution. Lung macrophages and blood monocytes from M.tb-infected TCRβ-/- mice showed upregulated expression of cell surface activation markers and also showed higher mRNA expression of inflammation-associated chemokines and matrix metalloproteases responsible for tissue damage. Furthermore, cytokine and TLR signaling feedback mechanism to control excessive inflammation was also found to be dysregulated in these macrophages under lymphopenic conditions. Previous studies have shown that hyperactive CD4+ T cells are responsible for disease induction and our study shows that somehow macrophages are in a higher activated state when infected with M.tb in an immune-deficient condition, which results in excessive activation of the adoptively transferred CD4+ T cells. Understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of TB-IRIS would facilitate identification of prospective biomarkers for disease development in HIV-TB co-infected patients before starting antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sangeeta Bhaskar
- Product Development Cell-1, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
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