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Zhou X, Tan F, Zhang S, Wang A, Zhang T. A Strategy based on Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Algorithms Reveals Potential Mechanisms of Shelian Capsule against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:377-405. [PMID: 38310567 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128284465240108071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and life-threatening form of cancer, with Shelian Capsule (SLC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, being recommended for clinical treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain elusive. This study sought to uncover the potential mechanisms of SLC in HCC treatment using bioinformatics methods. METHODS Bioactive components of SLC were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and HCC-related microarray chip data were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The selection criteria for components included OB ≧ 30% and DL ≧ 0.18. By integrating the results of differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), disease-related genes were identified. Therapeutic targets were determined as shared items between candidate targets and disease genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was conducted for concatenated genes, with core protein clusters identified using the MCODE plugin. Machine learning algorithms were applied to identify signature genes within therapeutic targets. Subsequently, immune cell infiltration analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) analysis, molecular docking, and ADME analysis were performed for the screened genes. RESULTS A total of 153 SLC ingredients and 170 candidate targets were identified, along with 494 HCCrelated disease genes. Overlapping items between disease genes and drug candidates represented therapeutic genes, and PPI network analysis was conducted using concatenated genes. MCODE1 and MCODE2 cluster genes underwent Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Four signature genes (TOP2A, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and IGFBP3) were identified from 28 therapeutic genes using 3 machine learning algorithms, with ROC curves plotted. Molecular docking validated the interaction modes and binding abilities between signature genes and corresponding compounds, with free binding energy all <-7 kcal/mol. Finally, ADME analysis revealed similarities between certain SLC components and the clinical drugs Sorafenib and Lenvatinib. CONCLUSION In summary, our study revealed that the mechanism underlying the anti-HCC effects of SLC involves interactions at three levels: components (quercetin, beta-sitosterol, kaempferol, baicalein, stigmasterol, and luteolin), pathways (PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway), and targets (TOP2A, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and IGFBP3). This study provides preliminary insights into the potential pharmacological mechanisms of SLC in HCC treatment, aiming to support its clinical application and serve as a reference for future laboratory investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Jing'an District Central Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Shanghai Medical College, Jing'an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Suxian Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Jing'an District Central Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - An'an Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiansong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Jing'an District Central Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Shanghai Medical College, Jing'an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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Lyu M, Qin J, Huang S, Shao D, Huang G, Yang F, Gong X, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Wang J, Cui H. Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction Alleviates Airway Inflammations in the Allergic Asthmatic Mice Model by Regulating TLR4-NLRP3 Pathway-Mediated Pyroptosis: A Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1613-1630. [PMID: 37287697 PMCID: PMC10243359 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s406483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction (TMDCD) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula granule for allergic asthma (AA). Previous studies proved its effects on controlling airway inflammations, while the specific mechanism was not clear. Methods We conducted a network pharmacology study to explore the molecular mechanism of TMDCD against AA with the public databases of TCMSP. Then, HUB genes were screened with the STRING database. DAVID database performed GO annotation and KEGG functional enrichment analysis of HUB genes, and it was verified with molecular docking by Autodock. Then, we built a classic ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma mice model to explore the mechanism of anti-inflammation effects of TMDCD. Results In the network pharmacology study, we found out that the potential mechanism of TMDCD against AA might be related to NOD-like receptor (NLR) signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. In the experiment, TMDCD showed remarkable effects on alleviating airway inflammations, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and airway remodeling in the asthmatic mice model. Further molecular biology and immunohistochemistry experiments suggested TMDCD could repress TLR4-NLRP3 pathway-mediated pyroptosis-related gene transcriptions to inhibit expressions of target proteins. Conclusion TMDCD could alleviate asthmatic mice model airway inflammations by regulating TLR4-NLRP3 pathway-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Lyu
- Center of Respiratory Disease, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Qin
- Department of Geratology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuaiyang Huang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Shao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guirui Huang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Wang
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Cui
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Lv Y, Zhang J, Li C, Wang L, Lei L, Huang X. Network pharmacological analysis to reveal the mechanism governing the effect of Qin Xi Tong on osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2023:10.1007/s10067-023-06625-5. [PMID: 37162694 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Qin Xi Tong (QXT), produced by water extracts of Caulis Sinomenii, is clinically effective in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is also a complementary agent for osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to screen the candidate targets and identify the potential mechanisms of QXT against RA and OA. METHOD The active ingredients contained in QXT were queried from the TCMSP database. Their predicted targets were obtained through web-based databases, including TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, CTD, and PharmMapper. The OA and RA targets were collected from the Genecards database and the GSE55235 dataset. Based on the DAVID database, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of disease-drug common targets predicted potential signaling pathways for QXT. In addition, core targets were identified by mapping component-target-disease interaction networks with Cytoscape 3.9.1 and STRING. The Swissdock and Pymol tools further validate the predicted results. RESULTS A total of 161 genes were put forward as potential targets for treating RA and OA. These genes might be involved in joint inflammation, including the IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. They also regulated the progression of joint injuries, such as apoptosis, Th17 cell differentiation, and osteoclast differentiation. In addition, we identified 12 core targets of QXT. Molecular docking results showed that QXT has a high affinity with these core targets. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the mechanism governing the effect of QXT on RA and OA, predicts the direct target, and provides new ideas for clinical treatment. Key Points • Our study reveals the underlying mechanism of QXT in the treatment of RA and OA. • Further research into the effects of compounds in QXT alone would be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Lv
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No. 5 Hospital, No. 112 Xi Guan Zheng Jie, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No. 5 Hospital, No. 112 Xi Guan Zheng Jie, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No. 5 Hospital, No. 112 Xi Guan Zheng Jie, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No. 5 Hospital, No. 112 Xi Guan Zheng Jie, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an No.5 Hospital, No. 112 Xi Guan Zheng Jie, Xi'an, China.
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Wang M, Hu WJ, Zhou X, Yu K, Wang Y, Yang BY, Kuang HX. Ethnopharmacological use, pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry, and progress in Chinese crude drug processing of the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. (Fuzi): A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115838. [PMID: 36257343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. (also known as Fuzi in Chinese) is a toxic Chinese medicine but widely used in clinical practice with remarkable effects. It is specifically used to treat cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases, in Korea, Japan, and India. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This study aimed to summarize and discuss the effects of drug processing on toxicity, chemical composition, and pharmacology of the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. This review could provide feasible insights for further studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Fuzi was collected through published materials and electronic databases, including the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Flora of China, Web of Science, PubMed, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar, and CNKI. RESULTS More than 100 chemical compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides were revealed. Modern pharmacological studies show that these chemical components have good effects on anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-aging, treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and improving immunity. Di-ester alkaloids are the main source of Fuzi toxicity. Increasing studies have shown that Fuzi can induce multiple organ damage, especially cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. At present, most of the Fuzi used in clinical practice are processed. The processing affects the chemical structure, pharmacology, and toxicology of Fuzi. Moreover, different processing methods have different effects on Fuzi. CONCLUSIONS This review analyzed the effects of Fuzi processing methods on its toxicity and efficiency. The lateral roots of aconite are the known medicinal part of Fuzi; however, the aerial parts of aconite are understudied and require further research to expand its medicinal potential. Processing and compatibility are the primary means to reduce Fuzi toxicity. Nevertheless, establishing a reasonable unified safe dose range requires further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Wen-Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Kuo Yu
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Bi Y, Liang H, Han X, Li K, Zhang W, Lai Y, Wang Q, Jiang X, Zhao X, Fan H. β-Sitosterol Suppresses LPS-Induced Cytokine Production in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via MAPKs and NF- κB Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:9241090. [PMID: 36636603 PMCID: PMC9831711 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9241090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory disease, whose occurrence and development mechanism is related to a great number of inflammatory cytokines. β-sitosterol (BS), a natural compound extracted from numerous vegetables and plant medicines, has been suggested to improve AS, but the underlying mechanism remains vague. This work focused on investigating how BS affected the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and further exploring the potential targets and mechanisms through network pharmacology (NP) and molecular docking (MD). According to in vitro experiments, LPS resulted in an increase in the expression of inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Besides, secretion of IL-6, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and TNF-α also increased in HUVECs, whereas BS decreased the expression and secretion of these cytokines. NP analysis revealed that the improvement effect of BS on AS was the result of its comprehensive actions targeting 99 targets and 42 pathways. In this network, MAPKs signaling pathway was the core pathway, whereas MAPK1, MAPK8, MAPK14, and NFKB1 were the hub targets. MD analysis also successfully validated the interactions between BS and these targets. Moreover, verification test results indicated that BS downregulated the abnormal expression and activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-treated cells, including p38, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, and IκB-α phosphorylation expressions. Furthermore, p65 nuclear translocation was also regulated by BS treatment. In conclusion, the BS-related mechanisms in treating AS are possibly associated with inflammatory response inhibition by regulating MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Bi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China
- The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510140, China
| | - Hongfeng Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kongzheng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Yigui Lai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huijie Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang 529500, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Wu C, Cao L, Liu M, Zhang W, Chen H, Wang R, Liu C, He Z. Exploring the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of the drug pair Rhubarb-Coptis in diabetic nephropathy using network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1343. [PMID: 36660658 PMCID: PMC9843313 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background To use network pharmacology to explore the mechanism of the drug pair Rhubarb-Coptis in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to screen active ingredients of drug pair Rhubarb-Coptis. Targets were obtained using the TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction databases. DN disease targets were extracted from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), GeneCards, and Therapeutic Target database (TTD) databases. A "drug-compound-target" network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed and analyzed through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database and Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed in the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina and PyMOL software. Results A total of 30 active components and 609 targets of Rhubarb-Coptis were screened out, and 98 common targets of DN and Rhubarb-Coptis were obtained. Quercetin, berberine, epiruberine, epautin, and moupinamide were the main active components in the treatment of DN. The STAT3, CTNNB1, PIK3R1, PIK3CA, and TP53 genes were identified as the potential 5 key targets. The GO enrichment analysis showed that these 5 key targets mainly involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the pathways were mainly enriched in the AGE-RAGE and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed that the 5 key targets could combine well with their corresponding active compounds. Conclusions This study expounds the therapeutic effect of Rhubarb-Coptis on DN from a holistic perspective, and provides a valuable basis for clinical application and academic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Wu
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Ze He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Deciphering the Mechanism of YuPingFeng Granules in Treating Pneumonia: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4161235. [PMID: 36285159 PMCID: PMC9588365 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4161235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective YuPingFeng Granules (YPFGs) is an herbal formula clinically used in China for more than 100 years to treat pneumonia. Nevertheless, the mechanism of YPFG in pneumonia treatment has not been established. This network pharmacology-based strategy has been performed to elucidate active compounds as well as mechanisms of YPFG in pneumonia treatment. Methods First, active compounds of YPFG were identified in the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and then the targets related to the active compounds were obtained from TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction databases. Next, using DisGeNET, DrugBank, and GeneCards databases, we got therapeutic targets of pneumonia and common targets between pneumonia targets and YPFG. After that, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of pneumonia composed of common targets was built to analyze the interactions among these targets, which focused on screening for hub targets by topology. Then, online software and the ClusterProfiler package were utilized for the enrichment analysis of gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data. Finally, the visualization software of Autodock was used for molecular docking among the hub target proteins. Results 10 hub genes were selected by comparing the GO and KEGG functions of pneumonia targets with those of the common targets of YPFG and pneumonia. By using molecular docking technology, a total of 3 active ingredients have been verified as being able to combine closely with 6 hub targets and contribute to their therapeutic effects. Conclusion This research explored the multigene pharmacological mechanism of action of YPFG against pneumonia through network pharmacology. The findings present new ideas for studying the mechanism of action of Chinese medicine against pneumonia caused by bacteria.
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Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Synowiec E, Merecz-Sadowska A, Bangay G, Princiotto S, Śliwiński T, Rijo P. An Evaluation of the Novel Biological Properties of Diterpenes Isolated from Plectranthus ornatus Codd. In Vitro and In Silico. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203243. [PMID: 36291112 PMCID: PMC9600095 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectranthus ornatus Codd, the genus Plectranthus of the Lamiaceae family, has been used as traditional medicine in Africa, India and Australia. Pharmacological studies show the use of this plant to treat digestive problems. In turn, leaves were used for their antibiotic properties in some regions of Brazil to treat skin infections. The present study examines the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of the halimane and labdane diterpenes (11R*,13E)-11-acetoxyhalima-5,13-dien-15-oic acid (HAL) and 1α,6β-diacetoxy-8α,13R*-epoxy-14-labden-11-one (PLEC) and the forskolin-like 1:1 mixture of 1,6-di-O-acetylforskolin and 1,6-di-O-acetyl-9-deoxyforskolin (MRC) isolated from P. ornatus on lung (A549) and leukemia (CCRF-CEM) cancer cell lines, and on normal human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cell line in vitro. Additionally, molecular docking and computational approaches were used. ADMET properties were analysed through SwissADME and proTox-II—Prediction. The results indicate that all tested compounds significantly reduced the viability of the cancer cells and demonstrated no cytotoxic effects against the non-neoplastic cell line. The apoptosis indicators showed increased ROS levels for both the tested A549 and CCRF-CEM cancer cell lines after treatment. Furthermore, computational studies found HAL to exhibit moderate antioxidant activity. In addition, selected compounds changed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and increased DNA damage and mitochondrial copy number for the CCRF-CEM cancer cell line; they also demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects on the ARPE-19 normal cell line upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, which was associated with the modulation of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and GM-CSF genes expression. Docking studies gave indication about the lowest binding energy for 1,6-di-O-acetylforskolin docked into IL-6, TNF-α and GM-CSF, and 1,6-di-O-acetyl-9-deoxyforskolin docked into IL-8. The ADMET studies showed drug-likeness properties for the studied compounds. Thus, halimane and labdane diterpenes isolated from P. ornatus appear to offer biological potential; however, further research is necessary to understand their interactions and beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Synowiec
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Gabrielle Bangay
- CBIOS—Lusófona University’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Salvatore Princiotto
- CBIOS—Lusófona University’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Patricia Rijo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- CBIOS—Lusófona University’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (P.R.)
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Jiang H, Mao T, Liu Y, Tan X, Sun Z, Cheng Y, Han X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Shi L, Guo Y, Li J, Han H. Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Yinchen Linggui Zhugan Decoction in HFD-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Rats Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908128. [PMID: 35721171 PMCID: PMC9202027 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease, characterized by excessive accumulation of hepatocyte fat. However, there is no exact and effective pharmacotherapy for NAFLD. Yinchen linggui zhugan decoction (YLZD) has been widely used to treat NAFLD. Nevertheless, its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. This study was carried out to investigate the active components of YLZD and explore its potential mechanisms for treating NAFLD by network pharmacology and experimental verification. The results showed that a total of 120 active components of YLZD and 365 targets were retrieved through databases, and the main active ingredients of YLZD consisted of chlorogenic acid, emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, and geniposide. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed fundamental roles of TNF, PI3K/AKT, HIF-1α, and insulin resistance signaling pathways in the treatment of NAFLD by YLZD. Moreover, our experimental verification results showed that YLZD improved the liver pathological and cholesterol level, and reduced the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, CCL2, and CXCL10 in NAFLD rats, which all belonged to TNF signaling pathway. The molecular docking confirmed the correlation between the four core components (chlorogenic acid, emodin, rhein, and geniposide) and key factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB) in TNF signaling pathway. In conclusion, the present study systematically clarified the protective mechanisms of YLZD against NAFLD through targeting the TNF signaling pathway, and provided new ideas for the drug research of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Graduate, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tangyou Mao
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyue Liu
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongmei Sun
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haixiao Han
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zhang MX, Song Y, Xu WL, Zhang LX, Li C, Li YL. Natural Herbal Medicine as a Treatment Strategy for Myocardial Infarction through the Regulation of Angiogenesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:8831750. [PMID: 35600953 PMCID: PMC9119779 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8831750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methods We conducted a literature search on the bioactive components of medicinal plants and their effects on angiogenesis after MI. We searched for articles in Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases before April 2021. Results In this article, we summarized the mechanisms by which copper ions, microRNA, Akt1, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondria, and pericytes are involved in angiogenesis after myocardial infarction. In addition, we reviewed the angiogenic effects of natural herbal medicines such as Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge Bunge, Carthamus tinctorius L., Pueraria lobata, Astragalus, Panax ginseng C.A. Mey., Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl, Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., Leonurus japonicus Houtt, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi., and Geum macrophyllum Willd. Conclusions Some herbs have the effect of promoting angiogenesis. In the future, natural proangiogenic drugs may become candidates for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-xin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yu Song
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Wan-li Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ling-xiao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yun-lun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
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11
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Peng X, Jia C, Chi H, Wang P, Fu H, Li Y, Wang Q. Efficacy and Pharmacological Mechanism of Poria cocos-Based Formulas Combined With Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: A Integrated Systems Pharmacology Study. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:788810. [PMID: 35401186 PMCID: PMC8985862 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.788810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Poria cocos-based formulas combined with chemotherapy can improve the quality of life of ovarian cancer patients. However, the results are still controversial. We systematically searched the literature from eight databases to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Poria cocos-based formulas in combination with paclitaxel-carboplatin in treating ovarian cancer (OC). Subsequently, network pharmacology, molecular docking and cell experiments were performed to further verify the underlying molecular mechanism. Thirteen randomized controlled trials, including 922 patients with OC, were enrolled in the study. The results indicated that Poria cocos-based compounds combined with paclitaxel-carboplatin significantly improved patients' tumor response rate, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, Karnofsky Performance Scale, physical and social function, and reduced side effects of chemotherapy compared to the paclitaxel-carboplatin alone. According to the network pharmacological analysis, tumulosic acid were the most bioactive compounds of Poria cocos. BCL2L1 is highly expressed in OC and is associated with a worse prognosis which could become potential drug target. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the anti-OC effect of Poria cocos may be related to PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The molecular docking results indicated that tumulosic acid might inhibit OC by regulating BCL2L1. Vitro experiment confirmed tumulosic acid that induced cell apoptosis by modulating PI3K/AKT signaling and BCL2L1. Our study may provide a clinical basis and theoretical rationale for combining Poria cocos-based formulas with chemotherapy for OC. In addition, the integrated pharmacological strategy proposed in our study provides an excellent example for exploring the mechanism of complex formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Peng
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Congchao Jia
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hu Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunyue Li
- Queen Mary College, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Sichuan Treatment Center for Gynaecologic and Breast Diseases (Gynaecology), Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Lyu M, Wang Y, Chen Q, Qin J, Hou D, Huang S, Shao D, Gong X, Huang G, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Cui H. Molecular Mechanism Underlying Effects of Wumeiwan on Steroid-Dependent Asthma: A Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:909-929. [PMID: 35386850 PMCID: PMC8978578 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s349950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroid-dependent asthma (SDA) is characterized by oral corticosteroid (OCS) resistance and dependence. Wumeiwan (WMW) showed potentials in reducing the dose of OCS of SDA patients based on our previous studies. Methods Network pharmacology was conducted to explore the molecular mechanism of WMW against SDA with the databases of TCMSP, STRING, etcetera. GO annotation and KEGG functional enrichment analysis were conducted by metascape database. Pymol performed the molecular docking. In the experiment, the OVA-induced plus descending dexamethasone intervention chronic asthmatic rat model was conducted. Lung pathological changes were analyzed by H&E, Masson, and IHC staining. Relative expressions of the gene were performed by real-time PCR. Results A total of 102 bioactive ingredients in WMW were identified, as well as 191 common targets were found from 241 predicted targets in WMW and 3539 SDA-related targets. The top five bioactive ingredients were identified as pivotal ingredients, which included quercetin, candletoxin A, palmidin A, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol. Besides, 35 HUB genes were obtained from the PPI network, namely, TP53, AKT1, MAPK1, JUN, HSP90AA1, TNF, RELA, IL6, CXCL8, EGFR, etcetera. GO biological process analysis indicated that HUB genes were related to bacteria, transferase, cell differentiation, and steroid. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the potential mechanism might be associated with IL-17 and MAPK signaling pathways. Molecular docking results supported these findings. H&E and Masson staining proved that WMW could reduce airway inflammation and remodeling of model rats, which might be related to the downward expression of IL-8 proved by IHC staining and real-time PCR. Conclusion WMW could be a complementary and alternative therapy for SDA by reducing airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Lyu
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyi Chen
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Qin
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Hou
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaiyang Huang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Shao
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guirui Huang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Cui
- Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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13
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study of Zhishi-Baizhu Herb Pair in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2311486. [PMID: 34899944 PMCID: PMC8660205 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2311486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of the Zhishi and Baizhu herb pair in the treatment of gastric cancer by means of network pharmacology and molecular docking and to provide a theoretical basis for experiments and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastric cancer. Methods The main active chemical components of Zhishi and Baizhu were screened through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and selected by using the thresholds of oral bioavailability ≥30% and drug-likeness ≥18%. The targets of Zhishi and Baizhu were obtained from TCMSP, Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD), and the DrugBank database. The corresponding genes of the targets were retrieved from the UniProt database, and the gastric cancer targets were obtained from the GeneCards database and TTD. Subsequently, the networks were built between the main drug components, drug targets, and gastric cancer targets. Then, the enrichment analyses of GO and KEGG were applied to predict the potential roles of gastric cancer pathogenesis via the R package clusterProfiler. Finally, molecular docking was used to determine the affinity between the targets and components. Results Twenty-seven main active components were predicted from the Zhishi-Baizhu herb pair, and a total of 120 intersection genes were screened from 303 potential medicine genes and 1,839 disease genes. The enrichment included the PI3K-Akt and IL-17 signaling pathways, and the network analysis showed that the Zhishi-Baizhu herb pair acted on seven key targets, namely, AKT1, MMP9, IL-6, CCND1, BCL2, MTOR, and MDM2 (where they played a role in treating gastric cancer). Molecular docking showed that luteolin and naringenin could stably bind to the targets. Conclusion The possible mechanisms of the components of the Zhishi-Baizhu herb pair in treating gastric cancer might be related to luteolin and naringenin, which intervened with the targets AKT1, MMP9, IL-6, CCND1, BCL2, MTOR, and MDM2, and are linked with the PI3K-Akt and IL-17 signaling pathways. This knowledge will lay a solid foundation for further experimental and clinical studies.
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Wang G, Zeng L, Huang Q, Lu Z, Sui R, Liu D, Zeng H, Liu X, Chu S, Kou X, Li H. Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills for Treating Diabetic Nephropathy by Combined Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:7262208. [PMID: 34552655 PMCID: PMC8452392 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7262208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes, but without a satisfactory treatment strategy till now. Liuwei Dihuang pills (LDP), an effective Chinese medicinal formula, has been used to treat DN for more than 1000 years. However, its underlying mechanism of action is still vague. METHODS Active compounds and corresponding targets of LDP were predicted from the TCMSP database. DN disease targets were extracted from the OMIM, GeneCards, TTD, DisGeNET, and DrugBank databases. Subsequently, the "herbal-compound-target" network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed and analyzed via the STRING web platform and Cytoscape software. GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were carried out on the Metascape web platform. Molecular docking utilized AutoDock Vina and PyMOL software. RESULTS 41 active components and 186 corresponding targets of LDP were screened out. 131 common targets of LDP and DN were acquired. Quercetin, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, diosgenin, and stigmasterol could be defined as five crucial compounds. JUN, MAPK8, AKT1, EGF, TP53, VEGFA, MMP9, MAPK1, and TNF might be the nine key targets. The enrichment analysis showed that common targets were mainly associated with inflammation reaction, oxidative stress, immune regulation, and cell apoptosis. AGE-RAGE and IL-17 were the suggested two significant signal pathways. Molecular docking revealed that the nine key targets could closely bind to their corresponding active compounds. CONCLUSION The present study fully reveals the multicompound's and multitarget's characteristics of LDP in DN treatment. Furthermore, this study provides valuable evidence for further scientific research of the pharmacological mechanisms and broader clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Wang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoqi Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiqing Sui
- Department of Oncology, Lishui District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 211200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deliang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Zeng
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Shufang Chu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Kou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
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Molecular Mechanism of Jinchan Oral Liquid in the Treatment of Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6471400. [PMID: 34485521 PMCID: PMC8416387 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6471400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Exploration of the underlying molecular mechanism of Jinchan Oral Liquid (JOL) in treating children with the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia to provide new evidence for the clinical application. Methods The active components and target genes of JOL were screened by the TCMSP database. The targets of RSV pneumonia were obtained from the GeneCards, OMIM, DrugBank, and PharmGKB database. Then, we constructed the active component-target network and screened the core genes. The overlaps were screened for PPI network analysis, GO analysis, and KEGG analysis. Finally, result validation was performed by molecular docking. Results According to the screening criteria of the ADME, 74 active compounds of JOL were obtained; after removing redundant targets, we selected 180 potential targets. By screening the online database, 893 RSV pneumonia-related targets were obtained. A total of 82 overlapping genes were chosen by looking for the intersection. The STRING online database was used to acquire PPI relationships, and 16 core genes were obtained. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the main pathways of JOL in treating RSV pneumonia include TNF signaling pathway and IL17 signaling pathway. The molecular docking results showed that the active compounds of JOL had a good affinity with the core genes. Conclusion In this study, we preliminarily discussed the main active ingredients, related targets, and pathways of JOL and predicted the pharmacodynamic basis and the potential therapeutic mechanisms of RSV pneumonia. In summary, the network pharmacology strategy may be helpful for the discovery of multitarget drugs against complex diseases.
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Li X, Tang H, Tang Q, Chen W. Decoding the Mechanism of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in Treating Pneumonia Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:638366. [PMID: 33681222 PMCID: PMC7930397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.638366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD) has been used to treat pneumonia for thousands of years in China. However, our understanding of its mechanisms on treating pneumonia is still unclear. In the present work, network pharmacology was used to analyze the potential active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of HLJDD on treating pneumonia. A total of 102 active ingredients were identified from HLJDD, among which 54 were hit by the 69 targets associated with pneumonia. By performing Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, we obtained the main pathways associated with pneumonia and those associated with the mechanism of HLJDD in the treatment of pneumonia. By constructing the protein-protein interaction network of common targets, 10 hub genes were identified, which were mainly involved in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, the results of molecular docking showed that the active ingredients of HLJDD had a good affinity with the hub genes. The final results indicate that HLJDD has a greater effect on bacterial pneumonia than on viral pneumonia. The therapeutic effect is mainly achieved by regulating the host immune inflammatory response and oxidative stress reaction, antibacterial microorganisms, alleviating the clinical symptoms of pneumonia, repairing damaged cells, and inhibiting cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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17
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Liu J, Feng W, Peng C. A Song of Ice and Fire: Cold and Hot Properties of Traditional Chinese Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:598744. [PMID: 33542688 PMCID: PMC7851091 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.598744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cold and hot properties is the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and has been successfully applied to combat human diseases for thousands of years. Although the theory of cold and hot is very important to guide the clinical application of TCMs, this ancient theory remains an enigma for a long time. In recent years, more and more researchers have tried to uncover this ancient theory with the help of modern techniques, and the cold and hot properties of a myriad of TCMs have been studied. However, there is no review of cold and hot properties. In this review, we first briefly introduced the basic theories about cold and hot properties, including how to distinguish between the cold and hot properties of TCMs and the classification and treatment of cold and hot syndromes. Then, focusing on the application of cold and hot properties, we take several important TCMs with cold or hot property as examples to summarize their traditional usage, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. In addition, the mechanisms of thermogenesis and antipyretic effect of these important TCMs, which are related to the cold and hot properties, were summarized. At the end of this review, the perspectives on research strategies and research directions of hot and cold properties were also offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwestern China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwestern China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwestern China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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18
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Guo J, Lou MP, Hu LL, Zhang X. Uncovering the pharmacological mechanism of the effects of the Banxia-Xiakucao Chinese Herb Pair on sleep disorder by a systems pharmacology approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20454. [PMID: 33235305 PMCID: PMC7686484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorder (SD) has a high incidence and seriously affects quality of life, mental health and even the manifestation of physical diseases. The combination of Pinellia ternata (Chinese name: banxia) and Prunella vulgaris (Chinese name: xiakucao), known as the Banxia-Xiakucao Chinese herb pair (BXHP), is a proven Chinese herbal medicine that has been used to treat SD for thousands of years due to its significant clinical effects. However, its active pharmacological components and sedative-hypnotic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Thus, the present study used a systematic pharmacological approach to develop pharmacokinetic screens and target predictions via construction of a protein-protein interaction network and annotation database for SD-related and putative BXHP-related targets. Visualization, screening and integrated discovery enrichment analyses were conducted. The BXHP chemical database contains 166 compounds between the two herbal ingredients, and of these, 22 potential active molecules were screened by pharmacokinetic evaluation. The targets of 114 of the active molecules were predicted, and 34 were selected for further analysis. Finally, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses suggested that BXHP can reduce inflammatory responses. and mediate immune-related and central nervous system neurotransmitters via regulation of multiple targets and pathways. The use of a systematic pharmacology-based approach in the present study further elucidated the mechanisms of action underlying BXHP for the treatment of SD from a holistic perspective and sheds light on the systemic mechanisms of action of Chinese herbal medicines in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- First Clincal Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ping Lou
- First Clincal Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Lin Hu
- Guangxing Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Lin TL, Lu CC, Lai WF, Wu TS, Lu JJ, Chen YM, Tzeng CM, Liu HT, Wei H, Lai HC. Role of gut microbiota in identification of novel TCM-derived active metabolites. Protein Cell 2020; 12:394-410. [PMID: 32929698 PMCID: PMC8106560 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00784-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been extensively used to ameliorate diseases in Asia for over thousands of years. However, owing to a lack of formal scientific validation, the absence of information regarding the mechanisms underlying TCMs restricts their application. After oral administration, TCM herbal ingredients frequently are not directly absorbed by the host, but rather enter the intestine to be transformed by gut microbiota. The gut microbiota is a microbial community living in animal intestines, and functions to maintain host homeostasis and health. Increasing evidences indicate that TCM herbs closely affect gut microbiota composition, which is associated with the conversion of herbal components into active metabolites. These may significantly affect the therapeutic activity of TCMs. Microbiota analyses, in conjunction with modern multiomics platforms, can together identify novel functional metabolites and form the basis of future TCM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Lung Lin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, China
| | - Chia-Chen Lu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan, China.,Department of Chest Medicine, Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan, China
| | - Wei-Fan Lai
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, China
| | - Ting-Shu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, China.,Central Research Laboratory, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, 361026, China
| | - Jang-Jih Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, China.,Central Research Laboratory, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, 361026, China
| | - Young-Mao Chen
- Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, China
| | - Chi-Meng Tzeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hong-Tao Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Park, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200435, China
| | - Hsin-Chih Lai
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan, China. .,Central Research Laboratory, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, 361026, China. .,Microbiota Research Center and Emerging Viral Infections Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, China. .,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Gueishan, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan, China.
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