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Sah DK, Arjunan A, Park SY, Lee B, Jung YD. Sulforaphane Inhibits IL-1β-Induced IL-6 by Suppressing ROS Production, AP-1, and STAT3 in Colorectal Cancer HT-29 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:406. [PMID: 38671854 PMCID: PMC11047376 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as a major cause of cancer-related mortality globally, accounting for approximately 881,000 deaths each year. Traditional approaches such as chemotherapy and surgery have been the primary treatment modalities, yet the outcomes for patients with metastatic CRC are often unsatisfactory. Recent research has focused on targeting the pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metastasis to enhance the survival of CRC patients. Within this context, sulforaphane (SFN), a notable phytochemical found predominantly in cruciferous vegetables, has been recognized as a potential anticancer agent. However, the specific mechanisms through which SFN may exert its chemopreventive effects in CRC remain unclear. This study explores the impact of SFN on IL-1β-induced IL-6 activation and MAPK and AP-1 signaling in HT-29 cells. Our findings reveal that SFN treatment not only diminishes IL-1β-stimulated IL-6 expression but also reduces oxidative stress by curtailing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, it hinders the proliferation and invasiveness of HT-29 cells through the modulation of MAPK/AP-1 and STAT3 signaling pathways. These results indicate that SFN mitigates IL-1β-induced IL-6 expression in CRC cells by attenuating ROS production and disrupting MAPK/AP-1 signaling. This suggests that SFN holds significant potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for both treating and preventing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Archana Arjunan
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Seon Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501190, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bora Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Young Do Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea; (D.K.S.); (A.A.)
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Royaei M, Tahoori MT, Bardania H, Shams A, Dehghan A. Amelioration of inflammation through reduction of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis by treating fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) with DMF-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111617. [PMID: 38309093 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition, and Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is known for inducing antioxidant enzymes and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) contribute to joint damage by releasing interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) in response to ROS. Given ROS's impact on FLS acquiring an invasive phenotype, our study explored the effects of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles containing DMF on the expression of the HO-1 enzyme and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in FLS cells. METHODS In this study, we evaluated and compared the impact of Free-DMF and PLGA-DMF, on the gene expression of the HO-1 and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) in FLS cells derived from 13 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. qRT-PCR method was used to quantify the gene expression levels. RESULTS PLGA-DMF nanoparticles demonstrated a significant increase in HO-1 expression and a significant decrease in IL-1β gene expression. Also, a significant decrease in IL-6 gene expression was seen under the effect of Free-DMF. These results indicate the potential effectiveness of PLGA-DMF nanoparticles in reducing inflammation and improving rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. DISCUSSION According to the findings, PLGA-DMF nanoparticles are expected to be effective in reducing inflammation and improving the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Also, further studies on other factors affected by oxidative stress such as cell invasion factors and survival factors after the effect of PLGA-DMF nanoparticle are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Royaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taher Tahoori
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran; Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Hassan Bardania
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Sajad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Ali Shams
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Dehghan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Saha S. An Overview of Therapeutic Targeting of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10049-10057. [PMID: 38463248 PMCID: PMC10918843 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune condition that has a significant inflammatory component and is exacerbated by dysregulated redox-dependent signaling pathways. In RA, the corelationship between oxidative stress and inflammation appears to be regulated by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Furthermore, it has been shown that transcriptional pathways involving Nrf2 and NFκB significantly interact under conditions of oxidative stress and inflammation. Because pathologic cells in RA have a higher chance of surviving, Nrf2's influence on concomitant pathologic mechanisms in the disease is explained by its interaction with key redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways. The current review not only updates knowledge about Nrf2's function in RA but also highlights the complex interactions between Nrf2 and other redox-sensitive transcription factors, which are essential to the self-sustaining inflammatory processes that define RA. This paper also reviews the candidates for treating RA through Nrf2 activation. Finally, future directions for pharmacologic Nrf2 activation in RA are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology,
Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Che J, Yang X, Jin Z, Xu C. Nrf2: A promising therapeutic target in bone-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115748. [PMID: 37865995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, as it suppresses cell damage caused by external stimuli by regulating the transcription of intracellular defense-related genes. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the crucial role of reduction-oxidation (REDOX) imbalance in the development of bone-related diseases. Nrf2, a transcription factor linked to nuclear factor-erythrocyte 2, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of oxidative stress and induction of antioxidant defenses. Therefore, further investigation of the mechanism and function of Nrf2 in bone-related diseases is essential. Considerable evidence suggests that increased nuclear transcription of Nrf2 in response to external stimuli promotes the expression of intracellular antioxidant-related genes, which in turn leads to the inhibition of bone remodeling imbalance, improved fracture recovery, reduced occurrence of osteoarthritis, and greater tumor resistance. Certain natural extracts can selectively target Nrf2, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for osteogenic arthropathy. In this article, the biological characteristics of Nrf2 are reviewed, the intricate interplay between Nrf2-regulated REDOX imbalance and bone-related diseases is explored, and the potential preventive and protective effects of natural products targeting Nrf2 in these diseases are elucidated. A comprehensive understanding of the role of Nrf2 in the development of bone-related diseases provides valuable insights into clinical interventions and can facilitate the discovery of novel Nrf2-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Che
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Balendran T, Lim K, Hamilton JA, Achuthan AA. Targeting transcription factors for therapeutic benefit in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196931. [PMID: 37457726 PMCID: PMC10339812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes pain and disability. Many of the currently available drugs for treating RA patients are aimed at halting the progression of the disease and alleviating inflammation. Further, some of these treatment options have drawbacks, including disease recurrence and adverse effects due to long-term use. These inefficiencies have created a need for a different approach to treating RA. Recently, the focus has shifted to direct targeting of transcription factors (TFs), as they play a vital role in the pathogenesis of RA, activating key cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and enzymes. In light of this, synthetic drugs and natural compounds are being explored to target key TFs or their signaling pathways in RA. This review discusses the role of four key TFs in inflammation, namely NF-κB, STATs, AP-1 and IRFs, and their potential for being targeted to treat RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thivya Balendran
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Keith Lim
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - John A. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrian A. Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Han Z, Zheng L, Luo D, Pang N, Yao Y. Ferroptosis: a new target for iron overload-induced hemophilic arthropathy synovitis. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:1229-1237. [PMID: 36951967 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Iron deposition is closely related to developing haemophilic arthropathy (HA). Studying the relationship between ferroptosis signal expression and iron overload in HA synovium facilitates understanding the pathogenesis of joint synovial hyperplasia in bloodborne arthritis and the development of new protective methods. The knee synovium was collected from HA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and pathological changes were analysed by HE and Prussian blue staining. Ferroptosis phenotypes were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Moreover, ferric ammonium citrate (FAC)-induced was used to construct an in vitro iron overload model to investigate the relationship between iron overload and ferroptosis in synovial fibroblasts (FLS). Furthermore, the factors influencing ferroptosis in FLS were explored. Iron deposition, cell proliferation, and vascular proliferation in the synovium of HA were more obvious. Ferroptosis in HA synovium appears to inhibit. FLS ferroptosis increased with iron accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells, and glutathione (GSH) depletion. TNF-α plays a protective role in this process. Blocking the action of TNF-α and inducing ferroptosis significantly reduced synovial proliferation. TNF-α inhibitors combined with a ferroptosis inducer may be a new therapeutic method for HA synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liujie Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.473 Hanzheng Street, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Dasheng Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nanyu Pang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunfeng Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Jing W, Liu C, Su C, Liu L, Chen P, Li X, Zhang X, Yuan B, Wang H, Du X. Role of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage in rheumatoid arthritis and targeted drugs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1107670. [PMID: 36845127 PMCID: PMC9948260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, pannus formation, and bone and cartilage damage. It has a high disability rate. The hypoxic microenvironment of RA joints can cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial damage, which not only affect the metabolic processes of immune cells and pathological changes in fibroblastic synovial cells but also upregulate the expression of several inflammatory pathways, ultimately promoting inflammation. Additionally, ROS and mitochondrial damage are involved in angiogenesis and bone destruction, thereby accelerating RA progression. In this review, we highlighted the effects of ROS accumulation and mitochondrial damage on inflammatory response, angiogenesis, bone and cartilage damage in RA. Additionally, we summarized therapies that target ROS or mitochondria to relieve RA symptoms and discuss the gaps in research and existing controversies, hoping to provide new ideas for research in this area and insights for targeted drug development in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyao Jing
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cui Liu
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Su
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Rheumatic and Bone Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Rheumatic and Bone Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture and Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- Department of Rheumatic and Bone Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Haidong Wang, ; Xiaozheng Du,
| | - Xiaozheng Du
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Haidong Wang, ; Xiaozheng Du,
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8
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Jia M, Ren W, Liu Y, Wang C, Zheng X, Zhang D, Tan X, Li C. Messenger Nanozyme for Reprogramming the Microenvironment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:338-353. [PMID: 36580409 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) metabolism in the microenvironment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drives the feedback loops of TNF-α and IL-1β thereby inducing an inflammatory storm between immune cells and joint tissue cells. Here, we combine nanoscale manganese dioxide (MnO2) with microvesicles derived from macrophage (MMV). The former possesses superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)-like activities that can modulate this imbalance, and we amplify the enzyme-like activities by using the amorphous hollow mesoporous structure and surface modification. The latter is a natural endogenous component with the parent cell-like inflammatory homing ability and a unique function of transmitting information to surrounding and distant cells (″messenger function″), which helps amorphous hollow MnO2 (H-MnO2) nanozymes to cloak in the blood and reach the site of inflammation, where they can not only accumulate in activated macrophages but also pretend to be ″messengers″ that are utilized by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and chondrocytes. In addition, we also load dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) for helping the nanozymes work. Messenger nanozyme (MMV-MnO2@DSP) inherits the natural properties of MMV and mimics the enzymatic activity of SOD and CAT. It accumulates in activated macrophages to restore the metabolism of O2- and H2O2 while promoting repolarization and inhibits the feedback loops of TNF-α and IL-1β among macrophages, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and chondrocytes, leading to anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Wei Ren
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Xiu Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan646000, China
- Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
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The Influence of Severity and Disease Duration on TNF Receptors' Redistribution in Asthma and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010005. [PMID: 36611799 PMCID: PMC9818723 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the mechanisms of cellular dysfunction during the chronization of immune-system-mediated inflammatory diseases is a change in the profile of expression and co-expression of receptors on cells. The aim of this study was to compare patterns of redistribution of TNF receptors (TNFRs) among patients with different durations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or asthma. Subgroup analysis was performed on RA (n = 41) and asthma (n = 22) patients with disease duration<10 years and >10 years and on 30 comparable healthy individuals. The co-expression profile of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was assessed in T cells, B cells, monocytes, regulatory T cells, T-helper subsets, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte subsets. Percentages of cells with different co-expression combinations and receptor density per cell were estimated. Longer disease duration was significantly associated with a redistribution of receptors in immunocompetent cell subsets with an increase in the expression of TNFR1 in asthma but did not correlate with significant unidirectional changes in receptor expression in RA. In asthma, a higher proportion of cells with a certain type of TNF receptor (as compared with the healthy group) was correlated with a simultaneous greater density of this receptor type. In RA, an inverse correlation was observed (compensatory lower receptor density). Mechanisms of long-term changes in the expression of TNF receptors differ significantly between the diseases of autoimmune and allergic etiology. The formation of irreversible morphostructural alterations was strongly correlated with changes in the expression of TNFR1 in asthma and with changes in the expression of TNFR2 in RA.
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Manda G, Milanesi E, Genc S, Niculite CM, Neagoe IV, Tastan B, Dragnea EM, Cuadrado A. Pros and cons of NRF2 activation as adjunctive therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:179-201. [PMID: 35964840 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with an important inflammatory component accompanied by deregulated redox-dependent signaling pathways that are feeding back into inflammation. In this context, we bring into focus the transcription factor NRF2, a master redox regulator that exerts exquisite antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The review does not intend to be exhaustive, but to point out arguments sustaining the rationale for applying an NRF2-directed co-treatment in RA as well as its potential limitations. The involvement of NRF2 in RA is emphasized through an analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data on NRF2 target genes and the findings from NRF2-knockout mice. The impact of NRF2 on concurrent pathologic mechanisms in RA is explained by its crosstalk with major redox-sensitive inflammatory and cell death-related pathways, in the context of the increased survival of pathologic cells in RA. The proposed adjunctive therapy targeted to NRF2 is further sustained by the existence of promising NRF2 activators that are in various stages of drug development. The interference of NRF2 with conventional anti-rheumatic therapies is discussed, including the cytoprotective effects of NRF2 for alleviating drug toxicity. From another perspective, the review presents how NRF2 activation would be decreasing the efficacy of synthetic anti-rheumatic drugs by increasing drug efflux. Future perspectives regarding pharmacologic NRF2 activation in RA are finally proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Manda
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sermin Genc
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cristina Mariana Niculite
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Victoria Neagoe
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bora Tastan
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elena Mihaela Dragnea
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Shen Y, Fan X, Qu Y, Tang M, Huang Y, Peng Y, Fu Q. Magnoflorine attenuates inflammatory responses in RA by regulating the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathways in vivo and in vitro. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154339. [PMID: 35870375 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a prolonged autoimmune disorder, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by synovial hyperplasia and the erosion of bone and cartilage. Magnoflorine (MAG) is the main component purified from Clematis manshurica Rupr. Recent studies have shown that MAG has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunosuppressive effects, which are relevant to anti-RA activities. OBJECTIVE The current investigation was conducted to explore the anti-RA effects of MAG and to discover the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS In vitro experiments, CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were utilized to evaluate the anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-invasive activities of MAG, respectively. The rate of cell distribution and cell apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. ROS generation was detected by DCFH-DA staining. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, and immunofluorescent staining were employed to test the anti-RA effect of MAG as well as to explore the potential mechanisms by evaluating related gene and protein expression. For in vivo experiments, an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model was established. The related parameters were measured in rats. Then, rats were sacrificed, and ankle joints were collected for histopathological analysis and observation. RESULTS MAG significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, invasion, and reactive oxygen species levels in IL-1β-treated MH7A cells. Furthermore, MAG promoted cell apoptosis by increasing Bax levels and decreasing Bcl-2 levels. MAG also induced cell cycle arrest. Inflammatory cytokines (iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, and IL-8) and MMPs (MMP-1, 2, 3, 9, and 13) were reduced by MAG treatment. Molecular analysis revealed that MAG exerted anti-RA effects by partly inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signalling axis and activating the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway. In vivo studies have revealed that MAG treatment substantially improved severe symptoms in AIA rats, and these curative effects were linked to the attenuation of inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION These results first suggested that MAG exhibits anti-arthritic effects in IL-1β-treated MH7A cells and AIA rat models. Thus, MAG may be used as a new drug to treat RA clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xinting Fan
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuhan Qu
- School of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuehui Huang
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu university, Chengdu 610106, China.
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Du Y, Cui R, Tian N, Chen M, Zhang XL, Dai SM. Regulation of type I interferon signature by VGLL3 in the fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients via targeting the Hippo pathway. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:188. [PMID: 35941675 PMCID: PMC9358906 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The upregulation of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes induced by type I IFNs (namely type I IFN signature) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients had implications in early diagnosis and prediction of therapy responses. However, factors that modulate the type I IFN signature in RA are largely unknown. In this study, we aim to explore the involvement of VGLL3, a homologue of the vestigial-like gene in Drosophila and a putative regulator of the Hippo pathway, in the modulation of type I IFN signature in the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of RA patients. Methods FLS were isolated from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Expression of VGLL3 in the synovial tissues and FLS was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and PCR. RNA sequencing was performed in RA-FLS upon VGLL3 overexpression. The expression of IFN-stimulated genes was examined by PCR and Western blotting. Results VGLL3 was upregulated in the RA synovium and RA-FLS compared to OA. Overexpression of VGLL3 promoted the expression of IFN-stimulated genes in RA-FLS. The expression of STAT1 and MX1 was also upregulated in RA synovium compared to OA and was associated with the expression of VGLL3 in RA and OA patients. VGLL3 promoted the IRF3 activation and IFN-β1 expression in RA-FLS. Increased IFN-β1 induced the expression of IFN-stimulated genes in RA-FLS in an autocrine manner. VGLL3 also modulated the expression of the Hippo pathway molecules WWTR1 and AMOTL2, which mediated the regulation of IRF3 activation and IFN-β1 production by VGLL3 in RA-FLS. Conclusions VGLL3 drives the IRF3-induced IFN-β1 expression in RA-FLS by inhibiting WWTR1 expression and subsequently promotes the type I IFN signature expression in RA-FLS through autocrine IFN-β1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ran Cui
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Na Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xian-Long Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Ming Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Gargano G, Oliva F, Oliviero A, Maffulli N. Small interfering RNAs in the management of human rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med Bull 2022; 142:34-43. [PMID: 35488320 PMCID: PMC9351475 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has unclear pathogenesis, but the molecules that feed its inflammatory state are known. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are useful to identify molecular targets and evaluate the efficacy of specific drugs, and can themselves be used for therapeutic purposes. SOURCES OF DATA A systematic search of different databases to March 2022 was performed to define the role of siRNAs in RA therapy. Twenty suitable studies were identified. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Small interfering RNAs can be useful in the study of inflammatory processes in RA, and identify possible therapeutic targets and drug therapies. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Many genes and cytokines participate in the inflammatory process of RA and can be regulated with siRNA. However, it is difficult to determine whether the responses to siRNAs and other drugs studied in human cells in vitro are similar to the responses in vivo. GROWING POINTS Inflammatory processes can be affected by the gene dysregulation of siRNAs on inflammatory cytokines. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH To date, it is not possible to determine whether the pharmacological response of siRNAs on cells in vitro would be similar to what takes place in vivo for the diseases studied so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gargano
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, Salerno 84131, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi SA 84081, Italy.,Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
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14
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Sun Y, Liu J, Wen J, Huang D, Zhou Q, Zhang X, Ding X, Chen X. Overexpression of long noncoding RNA LINC00638 inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e663. [PMID: 35759235 PMCID: PMC9208282 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is involved in several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we intended to explore the expression of lncRNA LINC00638 in RA and its potential mechanism of action related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Methods The level of LINC00638 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 45 RA patients and 30 normal controls was analyzed and its correlation with clinical indicators was investigated. In vitro, we used tumor necrosis factor‐α to stimulate fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) of RA patients for cell based experiments. Subsequently, the overexpressed plasmid and small interfering RNA of LINC00638 were designed. Furthermore, we further analyzed the potential effects of LINC00638 on the proliferation and migration of RA‐FLS and the nuclear factor erythrocyte derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) pathway. Results LINC00638 expression was found to be significantly decreased in PBMCs of RA patients, and it was negatively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin (IL)‐17, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disease activity scores for 28 joints (DAS28). Overexpression of LINC00638 activated the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway, markedly decreased the expressions of IL‐6, IL‐17, IL‐23, ROS, as well as malondialdehyde, increased the total antioxidant capacity, and attenuated the proliferation and migration of RA‐FLS, while silencing of LINC00638 reversed these manifestations. Conclusions LINC00638 was found to be expressed at low levels in RA patients and was associated with immune inflammation, oxidative stress, and disease activity. Overexpression of LINC00638 can reduce the proliferation as well as migration of RA‐FLS, and activate the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway to inhibit the inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Sun
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianting Wen
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianheng Zhang
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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15
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López-Armada MJ, Fernández-Rodríguez JA, Blanco FJ. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061151. [PMID: 35740048 PMCID: PMC9220001 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress could provide new targets for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in the treatment of chronic inflammation or any pathology that develops under an inflammatory scenario, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increasing evidence has demonstrated the role of mitochondrial alterations in autoimmune diseases mainly due to the interplay between metabolism and innate immunity, but also in the modulation of inflammatory response of resident cells, such as synoviocytes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction derived from several danger signals could activate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) disruption, thereby favoring a vicious cycle of oxidative/mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction can act through modulating innate immunity via redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways or direct activation of the inflammasome. Besides, mitochondria also have a central role in regulating cell death, which is deeply altered in RA. Additionally, multiple evidence suggests that pathological processes in RA can be shaped by epigenetic mechanisms and that in turn, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation. Finally, we will discuss about the involvement of some dietary components in the onset and progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José López-Armada
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
| | - Jennifer Adriana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, Universidade da Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
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16
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Yang M, Zheng H, Su Y, Xu K, Yuan Q, Aihaiti Y, Cai Y, Xu P. Bioinformatics Analysis Identified the Hub Genes, mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA Axis, and Signaling Pathways Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3879-3893. [PMID: 35422654 PMCID: PMC9005080 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s353487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a nonspecific, chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by symmetric polyarticular synovitis. Bioinformatics analysis of potential biomarkers, mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA axes, and signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of RA provides potential targets and theoretical basis for further research on RA. Methods The GSE1919 and GSE77298 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo). Perl was used to perform data merging, and R was used to perform batch correction. The “limma” package of R was used to screen differentially expressed genes, and the “clusterProfiler” package was used to perform enrichment analysis of the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins was used to construct the protein–protein interaction network, Cytoscape was used for module analysis, and R was used to screen for hub genes. GraphPad Prism was used to plot the receiver operating characteristic curve of the hub genes. Gene set enrichment analysis and competitive endogenous RNA network analysis were performed on hub genes with the greatest diagnostic values. The hub gene with the greatest diagnostic value was verified using immunohistochemical staining. Results We obtained nine hub genes (ITGB2, VAMP8, HLA-A, PTAFR, SYK, FCER1G, HLA-DPB1, LCP2, and ACTR2) and four mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA axes (ITGB2-hsa-miR-486-3p-SNHG3, ITGB2-hsa-miR-338-5p-XIST, ITGB2-hsa-miR-5581-3p-XIST, and ITGB2-hsa-miR-1226-5p-XIST) related to the pathogenesis of RA. The nine hub genes were highly expressed, and ITGB2 had the highest diagnostic value for RA. We also identified signaling pathways related to the pathogenesis of RA: Fc epsilon Rl and chemokine signaling pathways. The immunohistochemical results showed that ITGB2 expression was significantly upregulated in RA. Conclusion The hub genes, mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA axes, and signaling pathways related to RA pathogenesis identified in this study provide a new research direction for the mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haishi Zheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yani Su
- Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an, Shanxi, 716000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiling Yuan
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yirixiati Aihaiti
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsong Cai
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Peng Xu, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 555, Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13772090019, Email
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17
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Zhou B, Wang L, Liang Y, Li J, Pan X. Arctiin suppresses H9N2 avian influenza virus-mediated inflammation via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:289. [PMID: 34836523 PMCID: PMC8620712 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) infect avian and mammalian hosts and provide internal genes for new emerging highly pathogenic avian viruses that cause severe pneumonia with high mortality, for which few medications are available. Arctiin, a bioactive lignan glycoside, has been reported to possess multiple pharmacological properties. However, the effect of arctiin on H9N2 virus infection is unclear. In the current study, we analyzed the effect of arctiin on H9N2 virus infection and the underlying molecular mechanism in vitro. METHODS The antiviral effect against H9N2 virus was determined by plaque reduction assay (PRA) and progeny virus reduction assay. We employed MTT assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence and Western blotting to better understand the anti-inflammatory effect and corresponding mechanism of arctiin on H9N2 virus-infected cells. RESULTS The results showed that arctiin had antiviral activity against H9N2 virus. Arctiin treatment reduced H9N2 virus-triggered proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, and TNF-α. Moreover, arctiin significantly suppressed H9N2 virus-mediated expression of COX-2 and PGE2. Furthermore, we found that arctiin inhibited H9N2 virus-mediated activation of RIG-I/JNK MAPK signaling. Interestingly, arctiin treatment obviously reversed H9N2 virus-induced reduction of Nrf2, increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and upregulated Nrf2 signaling target genes (HO-1 and SOD2). Zinc protoporphyrin (Znpp)-an HO-1 inhibitor-weakened the inhibitory effect of arctiin on H9N2 virus-induced RIG-I/JNK MAPK and proinflammatory mediators. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggested that the anti-inflammatory effects of arctiin on H9N2 virus infection may be due to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and blocked RIG-I/JNK MAPK signaling; thus, arctiin may be a promising agent for prevention and treatment of H9N2 virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beixian Zhou
- Center of stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Linxin Wang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, No. 9, XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Yueyun Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, NO. 195, Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China. .,Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiping Pan
- Guangzhou Laboratory, No. 9, XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
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18
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Kaur G, Sharma A, Bhatnagar A. Role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis: insights into NRF2-KEAP1 signalling. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:385-397. [PMID: 34415206 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1963959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most prevalent, chronic, inflammatory disorders involving multiple articular and extra-articular complications. Immune deregulation owing to a combinatorial network of cells, inflammatory components, degrading enzymes, angiogenetic factors, exhibiting pleiotropy, synergy, or redundancy, is a critical hallmark for synovial inflammatory milieu reasoning clinical heterogeneity and variability of the disease. As a prototype of autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis has been linked to oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism for these potential driving factors contributing to disease inception and perpetuation is yet elusive. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 - Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) pathway, controlled via multifactorial regulation, functions as a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved intracellular defense mechanism. Nrf2-Keap1 signalling maintains homeostatic responses against a plethora of environmental or endogenous deviations in cellular growth, death, redox metabolism, inflammation, bone remodelling, detoxification, etc. Administration of antioxidants as an add-on pharmacotherapy along with conventional drugs has been elucidated as a better measure for disease management. Some of the most promising natural and synthetic redox-based therapeutic compounds function as either scavengers of reactive species, or inhibitors of their sources, or activators of an endogenous antioxidant system (Nrf2-Keap1). The present review focuses on the binomial "rheumatoid arthritis-oxidative stress", bringing insights into their pathophysiological interrelationships and Nrf2 signalling, as well as the implications of potential diagnostic oxidative stress biomarkers and therapeutic interventions directed for disease management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Highlights:RA has complex etiopathogenesis, evolving from multiple endogenous and exogenous factors with oxidative stress as a critical pathogenic signature.Oxidative damage and damaged compounds could serve as potent biomarkers for disease diagnosis, therapeutic response, and prognosis.One of the supreme cytoprotective signalling cascades, the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway has been known to elicit a protective effect against RA and various other autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disorders.Inclusion of natural and synthetic antioxidants has been encouraged by various studies for additional therapy to conventional drugs for better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjasmine Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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19
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Li J, Liu D, Wu K, Chen Q, Lei J. Circ_0003972 Promotes the Proliferation and Inflammation of Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis through Regulation of the miR-654-5p/FZD4 Axis. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1437-1451. [PMID: 34325604 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1958837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of circ_0003972 in RA progression. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine gene expression. The proliferation and apoptosis of human RA fibroblast-like synovial (HFLS-RA) cells were measured using cell counting kit 8 assay, EdU staining and flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was performed to measure protein expression, and ELISA assay was used to examine the concentrations of inflammation factors. The interaction between miR-654-5p and circ_0003972 or FZD4 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. RESULTS Circ_0003972 was highly expressed in RA patients and HFLS-RA cells. Circ_0003972 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, inflammation, while promoted the apoptosis of TNFα-induced HFLS-RA cells. MiR-654-5p was downregulated in RA patients and HFLS-RA cells, and it could be sponged by circ_0003972. MiR-654-5p inhibitor reversed the effect of circ_0003972 silencing on the proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis of TNFα-induced HFLS-RA cells. Frizzled-4 (FZD4) could be targeted by miR-654-5p, and its expression was positively regulated by circ_0003972. Furthermore, FZD4 overexpression also reversed the effects of miR-654-5p on proliferation, inflammation and apoptosis in TNFα-induced HFLS-RA cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that circ_0003972 might promote the proliferation and inflammation of HFLS-RA cells to accelerate RA progression via regulating miR-654-5p/FZD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No.5 Hospital, Xi'an City, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No.5 Hospital, Xi'an City, China.,Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kunyi Wu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Lei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No.5 Hospital, Xi'an City, China
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20
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Wang Y, Yin Z, Zhang N, Song H, Zhang Q, Hao X, Wang Z. MiR-125a-3p inhibits cell proliferation and inflammation responses in fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways via targeting MAST3. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2021; 21:560-567. [PMID: 34854396 PMCID: PMC8672414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the role and mechanism of miR-125a-3p in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression. METHODS The RA-tissues and fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS) were used in this study. qRT-PCR, western blot and ELISA assay were performed to detect the expression levels of IL-6, IL-β and ΤΝF-α. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to observe the binding effect of miR-125a-3p and MAST3, and CCK-8 was used to observe the effect of miR-125a-3p on the proliferation of RA-FLS. RESULTS miR-125a-3p was significantly downregulated in the RA-tissues and RA-FLS, and miR-125a-3p could inhibit the proliferation and reduce the inflammation response of RA-FLS. Besides, MAST3 was found as a target of miR-125a-3p, and increased MAST3 could reverse the effects of miR-125a-3p on RA-FLS including decreased proliferation, reduced inflammation level and the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that miR-125a-3p could inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways to reduce the proliferation and inflammation response of RA-FLS via targeting MAST3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhe Yin
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huishu Song
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiuting Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuexi Hao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhilun Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Province, China,Corresponding author: Zhilun Wang, Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, No. 247 Beiyuan Street, Tianqiao District, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China E-mail:
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