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Reyes MSS, Medina PMB. Leachates from plastics and bioplastics reduce lifespan, decrease locomotion, and induce neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124428. [PMID: 38914198 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution continuously accumulates in the environment and poses a global threat as it fragments into microplastics and nanoplastics that can harm ecosystems. To reduce the accumulation of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution, bioplastics made from biodegradable materials are promoted as a more sustainable alternative because it can degrade faster than plastics. However, plastics also leach out chemicals as they degrade and disintegrate, but the potential toxicity of these chemicals leaching out from plastics and especially bioplastics is poorly explored. Here, we determined the composition of leachates from plastics and bioplastics and tested their toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. LC-MS analysis of the leachates revealed that bioplastics leached a wider array of chemicals than their counterpart plastics. Toxicity testing in our study showed that the leachates from plastics and bioplastics reduced lifespan, decreased locomotion, and induced neurotoxicity in C. elegans. Leachates from bioplastics reduced C. elegans lifespan more compared to leachates from plastics: by 7%-31% for bioplastics and by 6%-15% for plastics. Leachates from plastics decreased locomotion in C. elegans more compared to leachates from bioplastics: by 8%-34% for plastics and by 11%-24% for bioplastics. No changes were observed in the ability of the C. elegans to respond to mechanical stimuli. The leachates induced neurotoxicity in the following neurons at varying trends: cholinergic neurons by 0%-53% for plastics and by 30%-42% for bioplastics, GABAergic neurons by 3%-29% for plastics and by 10%-23% for bioplastics, and glutamatergic neurons by 3%-11% for plastics and by 15%-29% for bioplastics. Overall, our study demonstrated that chemicals leaching out from plastics and bioplastics can be toxic, suggesting that both plastics and bioplastics pose ecotoxicological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sigfrid S Reyes
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Paul Mark B Medina
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines.
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Adjei JK, Acquah H, Essumang DK. Occurrence, efficiency of treatment processes, source apportionment and human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and xenoestrogen compounds in tap water from some Ghanaian communities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31815. [PMID: 38845891 PMCID: PMC11153180 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of pharmaceuticals and xenoestrogen compounds (PXCs) in drinking water presents a dire human health risk challenge. The problem stems from the high anthropogenic pollution load on source water and the inefficiencies of the conventional water treatment plants in treating PXCs. This study assessed the PXCs levels and the consequential health risks of exposure to tap water from selected Ghanaian communities as well as that of raw water samples from the respective treatment plants. Thus the PXCs treatment efficiency of two drinking water treatment plants in the metropolises studied was also assessed. The study also conducted source apportionment of the PXCs in the tap water. Twenty six (26) tap and raw water samples from communities in the Cape Coast and Sekondi-Takoradi metropolises were extracted using SPE cartridges and analysed for PXCs using Ultra-fast-HPLC-UV instrument. Elevated levels of PXCs up to 24.79 and 22.02 μg/L were respectively recorded in raw and tap water samples from the metropolises. Consequently, elevated non-cancer health risk (HI > 1) to residential adults were found for tap water samples from Cape Coast metropolis and also for some samples from Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis. Again, elevated cumulative oral cancer risks >10-5 and dermal cancer risk up to 4 × 10-5 were recorded. The source apportionment revealed three significant sources of PXCs in tap water samples studied. The results revealed the inefficiency of the treatment plants in removing PXCs from the raw water during treatments. The situation thus requires urgent attention to ameliorate it, safeguarding public health. It is recommended that the conventional water treatment process employed be augmented with advanced treatment technologies to improve their efficacy in PXCs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K. Adjei
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Henrietta Acquah
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - David K. Essumang
- Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
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Shin HS, Lee SH, Moon HJ, So YH, Jang HJ, Lee KH, Ahn C, Jung EM. Prolonged stress response induced by chronic stress and corticosterone exposure causes adult neurogenesis inhibition and astrocyte loss in mouse hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 2024; 208:110903. [PMID: 38367676 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a pervasive and complex issue that contributes significantly to various mental and physical health disorders. Using the previously established chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model, which simulates human stress situations, it has been shown that chronic stress induces major depressive disorder (MDD) and memory deficiency. However, this established model is associated with several drawbacks, such as limited research reproducibility and the inability to sustain stress response. To resolve these issues, we developed a new CUS model (CUS+C) that included exogenous corticosterone exposure to induce continuous stress response. Thereafter, we evaluated the effect of this new model on brain health. Thus, we observed that the use of the CUS+C model decreased body and brain weight gain and induced an uncontrolled coat state as well as depressive-like behavior in adult mice. It also impaired learning memory function and cognitive abilities, reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis as well as the number of hippocampal astrocytes, and downregulated glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in the brains of adult mice. These findings can promote the utilization and validity of the animal stress model and provide new information for the treatment of chronic stress-induced depressive and memory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seung Shin
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Jung Moon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee So
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jung Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhwan Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Bodziach K, Staniszewska M, Nehring I, Ożarowska A, Zaniewicz G, Meissner W. Endocrine disrupting bisphenol A, 4-tert-octylphenol and 4-nonylphenol in gonads of long-tailed ducks Clangula hyemalis wintering in the southern Baltic. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117772. [PMID: 38029823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on determining the concentrations of phenol derivatives in the gonads of seabirds and examining the potential factors (age, sex and region) affecting the degree of their bioaccumulation. The study involved assays of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in the gonads of long-tailed ducks taken as bycatch from the Southern Baltic region in 2015-2016. Among phenol derivatives, 4-NP was found to reach the highest concentrations in the gonads of long-tailed ducks, and its concentrations were in the range of <0.1-717.5 ng g-1 dw. The concentrations of BPA and 4-t-OP were similar and amounted to <0.4-181.6 ng g-1 dw and <0.1-192.4 ng g-1 dw respectively. The concentration levels of phenol derivatives in the birds' gonads were similar to the levels which had been observed to have negative endocrine effects in other authors studies. This shows that the studied xenoestrogens can interfere with the reproduction and development of birds. Moreover, adult long-tailed ducks had higher concentrations of phenol derivatives compared to immature ones, possibly resulting from long-term bioaccumulation, as well as from diverse pollution in their respective habitats. Particularly in the case of 4-NP, the median concentrations in gonads of adult birds were 2-fold higher than in immature ones. In turn, among adult long-tailed ducks, phenol derivatives were characterized by higher concentrations in males than in females, with almost 3 times and approx. 3.5 times higher median concentrations of BPA and 4-t-OP, respectively. Lower concentrations of phenol derivatives in female gonads may result from the additional elimination of pollutants from their bodies through the transfer of pollutants from mother to egg. The results show the need for further research on phenol derivatives in the gonads of birds, focusing on their impact on the reproductive system and early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Bodziach
- Toxic Substances Transformation Unit, Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Toxic Substances Transformation Unit, Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Iga Nehring
- Toxic Substances Transformation Unit, Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ożarowska
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zaniewicz
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Meissner
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
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Jeong SH, Jang JH, Cho HY, Lee YB. Sex differences in 4-tert-octylphenol toxicokinetics: Exploration of sex as an effective covariate through an in vivo modeling approach. Toxicology 2024; 502:153733. [PMID: 38253230 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
4-tert-octylphenol (4-tert-OP) is a potentially harmful substance, which is found widely in the environment. Nevertheless, information on the in vivo toxicokinetics of 4-tert-OP is lacking, and quantitative risk assessment studies are urgently needed. Therefore, we aimed to quantitatively identify differences in the toxicokinetics of 4-tert-OP and its distribution among tissues between sexes. To this end, following exposure of male and female rats to 10 or 50 mg/kg 4-tert-OP orally and 4 or 8 mg/kg 4-tert-OP intravenously, we conducted a quantitative analysis of samples using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results revealed that the 4-tert-OP plasma concentration profiles differed between sexes; however, systemic absorption of 4-tert-OP through the gastrointestinal tract occurred within 0.5 h of exposure in both sexes. Although small, the excretion percentage of 4-tert-OP in urine and feces was lower in males than females (0.06-0.08% vs. 0.82-1.11% of exposure). Significant sex differences were also confirmed in the tissue distribution patterns of 4-tert-OP, and overall, the average tissue distribution in males was lower than that in females. The distribution of 4-tert-OP to liver, adipose, spleen, kidney, brain, and lung in both sexes was predominant. A covariate exploration modeling approach revealed that sex explained the differences in 4-tert-OP toxicokinetics between sexes. These significant differences in the toxicokinetics and tissue distribution of 4-tert-OP between sexes will be important for the scientific precision human risk assessment of 4-tert-OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do 57922, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Young Cho
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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So YH, Shin HS, Lee SH, Moon HJ, Jang HJ, Lee EH, Jung EM. Maternal exposure to polystyrene microplastics impairs social behavior in mouse offspring with a potential neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:206-216. [PMID: 37918694 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
As plastic production has been increasing steadily, environmental pollution resulting from microplastics (MPs) continues to draw considerable attention of the researchers. Several studies have reported that MPs are risk factors for various cellular and systemic dysfunctions. However, the effects of chronic MP exposure from the embryonic stage to adulthood on mouse brain remain unclear. Accordingly, determining the impacts of maternal exposure to MPs on mouse offspring was the main goal of this study. To this end, single cells of primary cortical neurons were isolated from mouse embryos. Subsequently, the cells were exposed to 2 µm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), which resulted in a notable reduction in dendritic length, and PS-MPs cannot pass through the cellular membrane of neurons. Moreover, exposure to PS-MPs caused the proliferation increase and apoptosis in primary cortical neuronal cells. We then evaluated the neurotoxicity associated with chronic PS-MP exposure from the embryonic stage to adulthood in C57BL/6 J mouse offspring. PS-MPs were found to accumulate in the digestive and excretory organs of the offspring but not in the brain tissue. However, offspring exposed to PS-MPs exhibited no differences in the levels of expression of genes related to brain cell markers or synaptic organization. Nevertheless, PS-MP-exposed mice exhibited impaired social novelty preferences; however, no changes were observed in the emotional, compulsive, or cognitive behaviors. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential neurotoxic effects of chronic exposure to PS-MPs in mouse offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hee So
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Shin
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Jung Moon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jung Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Nehring I, Staniszewska M. Comparison of prenatal and postnatal exposure to endocrine active phenol derivatives in mammals - Humans and Baltic grey seals. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115567. [PMID: 37741109 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) are characterised by their endocrine active properties. Their negative effects on the development of the body are doubly important in the reproduction process. The goal was to compare the maternal transfer of phenol derivatives in humans and seals and identify factors that may affect the load of phenol derivatives entering the mother's body, which translates into a risk to the offspring. Phenol derivatives were determined using HPLC-FLD. It was shown that higher concentrations of phenol derivatives in blood or milk were detected in humans (mothers and newborns) compared to concentrations in Baltic seals. This was influenced by external exposure factors, i.e., leaching of phenol derivatives from food packaging or dermal contact. The authors conclude that milk is the main component in the maternal transfer of BPA to the next generation in humans, while blood is a carrier of alkylphenols, particularly 4-tert-octylphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Nehring
- Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
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Lin CY, Chen CW, Wang C, Sung FC, Su TC. The Association between 4-Tertiary-Octylphenol, Apoptotic Microparticles, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in a Young Taiwanese Population. TOXICS 2023; 11:757. [PMID: 37755767 PMCID: PMC10537624 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common alkylphenols, 4-tertiary-octylphenol (4-tOP) is commonly used in many consumer products. Our previous epidemiological study revealed a negative correlation between serum 4-tOP levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), which serves as a biomarker of arteriosclerosis. We aimed to explore the role of apoptotic microparticles, markers of vascular endothelial cell function, in the 4-tOP and CIMT connection. To investigate this, we enrolled 886 Taiwanese adolescents and young adults (aged 12-30 years) and examined the relationships among serum 4-tOP levels, apoptotic microparticles (CD31+/CD42a-, CD31+/CD42a+), and CIMT. Our results showed negative associations among serum 4-tOP levels, both apoptotic microparticles, and CIMT in multiple linear regression analysis. The odds ratios for CIMT (≥75th percentile) and the natural logarithm of 4-tOP were highest when both CD31+/CD42a- and CD31+/CD42a+ were greater than the 50th percentile. Conversely, the odds ratios were lowest when both CD31+/CD42a- and CD31+/CD42a+ were less than the 50th percentile. In the structural equation model, we demonstrated that serum 4-tOP levels were negatively correlated with CIMT and indirectly and negatively correlated with CIMT through both apoptotic microparticles. In conclusion, our study reported the inverse association between 4-tOP apoptotic microparticles and CIMT in a young Taiwanese population. Further experimental studies are needed to clarify these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Way Chen
- Department of Cardiology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 640, Taiwan;
| | - Chikang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Shin HS, Lee SH, Moon HJ, So YH, Lee HR, Lee EH, Jung EM. Exposure to polystyrene particles causes anxiety-, depression-like behavior and abnormal social behavior in mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131465. [PMID: 37130475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the era of plastic use, organisms are constantly exposed to polystyrene particles (PS-Ps). PS-Ps accumulated in living organisms exert negative effects on the body, although studies evaluating their effects on brain development are scarce. In this study, the effects of PS-Ps on nervous system development were investigated using cultured primary cortical neurons and mice exposed to PS-Ps at different stages of brain development. The gene expression associated with brain development was downregulated in embryonic brains following PS-Ps exposure, and Gabra2 expression decreased in the embryonic and adult mice exposed to PS-Ps. Additionally, offspring of PS-Ps-treated dams exhibited signs of anxiety- and depression-like behavior, and abnormal social behavior. We propose that PS-Ps accumulation in the brain disrupts brain development and behavior in mice. This study provides novel information regarding PS-Ps toxicity and its harmful effects on neural development and behavior in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seung Shin
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Jung Moon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee So
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ram Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Ahn C, Jeung EB. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Disease Endpoints. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065342. [PMID: 36982431 PMCID: PMC10049097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have significant impacts on biological systems, and have been shown to interfere with physiological systems, especially by disrupting the hormone balance. During the last few decades, EDCs have been shown to affect reproductive, neurological, and metabolic development and function and even stimulate tumor growth. EDC exposure during development can disrupt normal development patterns and alter susceptibility to disease. Many chemicals have endocrine-disrupting properties, including bisphenol A, organochlorines, polybrominated flame retardants, alkylphenols, and phthalates. These compounds have gradually been elucidated as risk factors for many diseases, such as reproductive, neural, and metabolic diseases and cancers. Endocrine disruption has been spread to wildlife and species that are connected to the food chains. Dietary uptake represents an important source of EDC exposure. Although EDCs represent a significant public health concern, the relationship and specific mechanism between EDCs and diseases remain unclear. This review focuses on the disease-EDC relationship and the disease endpoints associated with endocrine disruption for a better understanding of the relationship between EDCs-disease and elucidates the development of new prevention/treatment opportunities and screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-043-261-2397; Fax: +82-43-267-3150
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In vitro biochemical assessment of mixture effects of two endocrine disruptors on INS-1 cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20102. [PMID: 36418342 PMCID: PMC9684134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
4-tert-Octylphenol (4-tOP) is a component of non-ionic surfactants alkylphenol polyethoxylates while triclosan (TCS) is an antibacterial present in personal care products. Both compounds can co-exist in environmental matrices such as soil and water. The mixture effects of these micropollutants in vitro remains unknown. INS-1 cells were exposed to 20 µM or 30 µM 4-tOP and 8 µM or 12.5 µM TCS as well as equimolar mixture of the chemicals (Mix) in total concentration of 12.5 µM or 25 µM for 48 h. Mitochondrial related parameters were investigated using high content analytical techniques. The cytotoxicity of the chemicals (IC50) varied according to TCS > Mix > 4-tOP. Increased glucose uptake and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were recorded in TCS and Mix treated cells. Fold values of glucose-galactose assay varied according to dinitrophenol > TCS > 4-tOP > Mix in decreasing order of mitochondrial toxicity. The loss of the intracellular Ca2+ influx by all the test substances and Mix was not substantial whereas glibenclamide and diazoxide increased the intracellular Ca2+ influx when compared with the Blank. The recorded increase in Ca2+ influx by diazoxide which contrasted with its primary role of inhibiting insulin secretion need be re-investigated. It is concluded that the toxic effects of TCS and Mix but not 4-tOP on INS-1 cells was mitochondria-mediated.
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Tran DN, Park SM, Jung EM, Jeung EB. Prenatal Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Exposure Impaired Proliferation of Neuronal Progenitor, Leading to Motor, Cognition, Social and Behavioral Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12949. [PMID: 34884750 PMCID: PMC8657511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic siloxane octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) has raised concerns as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). D4 is widely used in detergent products, cosmetics, and personal care products. Recently, robust toxicological data for D4 has been reported, but the adverse effects of D4 on brain development are unknown. Here, pregnant mice on gestational day 9.5 were treated daily with D4 to postnatal day 28, and the offspring mice were studied. The prenatal D4-treated mice exhibited cognitive dysfunction, limited memory, and motor learning defect. Moreover, prenatal D4 exposure reduced the proliferation of neuronal progenitors in the offspring mouse brain. Next, the mechanisms through which D4 regulated the cell cycle were investigated. Aberrant gene expression, such as cyclin-dependent kinases CDK6 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27, were found in the prenatal D4-treated mice. Furthermore, the estrogen receptors ERa and ERb were increased in the brain of prenatal D4-treated mice. Overall, these findings suggest that D4 exerts estrogen activity that affects the cell cycle progression of neuronal progenitor cells during neurodevelopment, which may be associated with cognitive deficits in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Nam Tran
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (D.N.T.); (S.-M.P.)
| | - Seon-Mi Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (D.N.T.); (S.-M.P.)
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehang-ro, 63beon-gil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (D.N.T.); (S.-M.P.)
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Bodziach K, Staniszewska M, Falkowska L, Nehring I, Ożarowska A, Zaniewicz G, Meissner W. Distribution paths of endocrine disrupting phenolic compounds in waterbirds (Mergus merganser, Alca torda, Clangula hyemalis) from the Southern Baltic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148556. [PMID: 34328961 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the distribution of phenol derivatives in the organisms of waterbirds and the factors influencing their bioaccumulation and affinity to specific tissues. Concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were determined in the brains, subcutaneous fat, kidneys, livers and pectoral muscles of goosanders Mergus merganser (GO), long-tailed ducks Clangula hyemalis (LO) and razorbills Alca torda (RA). The birds came from the winter by-catch (2014-2016) in the Southern Baltic. Different distribution routes of individual phenol derivatives in the birds were established, most likely due to their ability to bind to proteins and/or dissolve in lipids. BPA and 4-NP accumulated most in the muscles (BPA <2.0-223.0 ng.g-1 dw, 4-NP 26.0-476.4 ng.g-1 dw), livers (BPA <2.0-318.2 ng.g-1 dw, 4-NP 60.7-525.8 ng.g-1 dw), and kidneys (BPA <2.0-836.1 ng.g-1 dw, 4-NP 29.3-469.2 ng.g-1 dw), while 4-t-OP was stored mainly in the brains (2.6-341.1 ng.g-1 dw), subcutaneous fat (0.7-173.7 ng.g-1 dw) and livers (<0.5-698.8 ng.g-1 dw). The liver was the only organ where all compounds showed a positive correlation with each other and alkylphenols were also positively correlated with each other in tissues with high fat content (brains and subcutaneous fat), and negatively in muscles. Despite the different trophic levels of birds, the concentrations of phenol derivatives in the tissues between individual species in most cases did not differ significantly. However, between the species on a similar trophic level, the higher biomagnification coefficient was calculated for LO feeding on benthos, and the lower for RA feeding on pelagic fish (p < 0.05). The good condition of birds, resulting in large intestinal fat stores, promoted on the one hand the penetration of phenol derivatives from the intestine to the liver, and on the other hand their accumulation in subcutaneous fat, thereby protecting the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Bodziach
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Lucyna Falkowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Iga Nehring
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ożarowska
- Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zaniewicz
- Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Meissner
- Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Lee B, Park SM, Jeong S, Kim K, Jeung EB. Combined Exposure to Diazinon and Nicotine Exerts a Synergistic Adverse Effect In Vitro and Disrupts Brain Development and Behaviors In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147742. [PMID: 34299375 PMCID: PMC8307861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A real-life environment during pregnancy involves multiple and simultaneous exposures to toxic chemicals. Perinatal exposures to toxic chemicals have been reported to exert an inhibitory effect on mouse neural development and behaviors. However, the effect of combined exposures of organophosphate and nicotine has not been previously reported. In this study, we investigated whether a combined exposure of diazinon and nicotine can have a synergistic effect. The effects of the combined chemical exposure on cell viability and neuronal differentiation were examined using mouse Sox1-GFP cells. Additionally, mice were maternally administered 0.18 mg/kg diazinon, a no adverse effect level (NOAEL) dose, combined with 0.4, 1, and 2 mg/kg nicotine. Mice offspring underwent behavior tests to assess locomotor, depressive, cognitive, and social behaviors. Morphological change in the brain was investigated with immunolocalization. We revealed that the combined exposure to diazinon and nicotine can have a synergistic adverse effect in vitro. In addition, the chemical-treated mouse offspring showed abnormalities in motor learning, compulsive-like behaviors, spatial learning, and social interaction patterns. Moreover, 0.18 mg/kg diazinon and 2 mg/kg nicotine co-exposure resulted in an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic neurons. Thus, the findings suggest that perinatal co-exposure to nicotine and diazinon can result in abnormal neurodevelopment and behavior, even at low-level administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-261-2397; Fax: +82-43-267-3150
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