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He H, Su H, Chen X, Chen X, Yang S. Interference with GPR4 inactivates NLRP3 inflammasome signaling by inhibiting LPAR1 expression to ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 174:106863. [PMID: 38936540 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a detrimental disease with high mortality worldwide. We aimed to explore the role of G protein-coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) and lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1) in MI/R injury in vitro. H9c2 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) conditions to simulate the MI/R injury and GPR4 expression was detected. Then, GPR4 was knocked down and cell viability was examined with a CCK-8 assay. The activities of LDH, CK and CK-MB were detected to evaluate the damage of OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. ELISA kits and TUNEL staining were used to examine the inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cells exposed to OGD/R conditions. Western blot was employed to detect the expression of proteins related to apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Additionally, Co-IP analyzed the binding between GPR4 and LPAR1. Finally, LPAR1 was overexpressed to conduct the rescue experiments. Results revealed that GPR4 was upregulated in OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells and GPR4 knockdown attenuated the damage of H9c2 cells. OGD/R induced inflammation and apoptosis were markedly inhibited by GPR4 silencing, as evidenced by the decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 levels as well as the elevated Bcl-2 expression and reduced Bax and cleaved caspase3 expression. Moreover, GPR4 bound to LPAR1 and upregulated LPAR1 expression. Interference with GPR4 inactivated the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Besides, LPAR1 overexpression abrogated the effects of GPR4 silencing on the damage, inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cells induced by OGD/R. Particularly, LPAR1 upregulation promoted the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in GPR4-silenced H9c2 cells induced by OGD/R. To be concluded, GPR4 deficiency inactivates NLRP3 inflammasome signaling by inhibiting LPAR1 expression to ameliorate OGD/R -induced inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlong He
- Radiology Department, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, China
| | - Huiren Su
- Radiology Department, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, China
| | - Xinjian Chen
- Radiology Department, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Hand and Foot Microsurgery & Wound Repair Department, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, China
| | - Shaoze Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Etugen University, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia.
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Foster SL, Dutton AJ, Yerzhan A, March LB, Barry K, Seehus CR, Huang X, Talbot S, Woolf CJ. A Preliminary Study of Mild Heat Stress on Inflammasome Activation in Murine Macrophages. Cells 2023; 12:1189. [PMID: 37190098 PMCID: PMC10137183 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and mitochondrial-dependent oxidative stress are interrelated processes implicated in multiple neuroinflammatory disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depression. Exposure to elevated temperature (hyperthermia) is proposed as a non-pharmacological, anti-inflammatory treatment for these disorders; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we asked if the inflammasome, a protein complex essential for orchestrating the inflammatory response and linked to mitochondrial stress, might be modulated by elevated temperatures. To test this, in preliminary studies, immortalized bone-marrow-derived murine macrophages (iBMM) were primed with inflammatory stimuli, exposed to a range of temperatures (37-41.5 °C), and examined for markers of inflammasome and mitochondrial activity. We found that exposure to mild heat stress (39 °C for 15 min) rapidly inhibited iBMM inflammasome activity. Furthermore, heat exposure led to decreased ASC speck formation and increased numbers of polarized mitochondria. These results suggest that mild hyperthermia inhibits inflammasome activity in the iBMM, limiting potentially harmful inflammation and mitigating mitochondrial stress. Our findings suggest an additional potential mechanism by which hyperthermia may exert its beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simmie L. Foster
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Abigail J. Dutton
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adina Yerzhan
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lindsay B. March
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine Barry
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Corey R. Seehus
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xudong Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Clifford J. Woolf
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release following Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Newborn Rats Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043598. [PMID: 36835009 PMCID: PMC9966013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral immune system plays a critical role in neuroinflammation of the central nervous system after an insult. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) induces a strong neuroinflammatory response in neonates, which is often associated with exacerbated outcomes. In adult models of ischemic stroke, neutrophils infiltrate injured brain tissue immediately after an ischemic insult and aggravate inflammation via various mechanisms, including neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) formation. In this study, we used a neonatal model of experimental hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury and demonstrated that circulating neutrophils were rapidly activated in neonatal blood. We observed an increased infiltration of neutrophils in the brain after exposure to HI. After treatment with either normothermia (NT) or therapeutic hypothermia (TH), we observed a significantly enhanced expression level of the NETosis marker Citrullinated H3 (Cit-H3), which was significantly more pronounced in animals treated with TH than in those treated with NT. NETs and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome assembly are closely linked in adult models of ischemic brain injury. In this study, we observed an increase in the activation of the NLRP-3 inflammasome at the time points analyzed, particularly immediately after TH, when we observed a significant increase in NETs structures in the brain. Together, these results suggest the important pathological functions of early arriving neutrophils and NETosis following neonatal HI, particularly after TH treatment, which is a promising starting point for the development of potential new therapeutic targets for neonatal HIE.
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Díaz-Vesga MC, Zúñiga-Cuevas Ú, Ramírez-Reyes A, Herrera-Zelada N, Palomo I, Bravo-Sagua R, Riquelme JA. Potential Therapies to Protect the Aging Heart Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:770421. [PMID: 34869687 PMCID: PMC8639870 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.770421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite important advances in the treatment of myocardial infarction that have significantly reduced mortality, there is still an unmet need to limit the infarct size after reperfusion injury in order to prevent the onset and severity of heart failure. Multiple cardioprotective maneuvers, therapeutic targets, peptides and drugs have been developed to effectively protect the myocardium from reperfusion-induced cell death in preclinical studies. Nonetheless, the translation of these therapies from laboratory to clinical contexts has been quite challenging. Comorbidities, comedications or inadequate ischemia/reperfusion experimental models are clearly identified variables that need to be accounted for in order to achieve effective cardioprotection studies. The aging heart is characterized by altered proteostasis, DNA instability, epigenetic changes, among others. A vast number of studies has shown that multiple therapeutic strategies, such as ischemic conditioning phenomena and protective drugs are unable to protect the aged heart from myocardial infarction. In this Mini-Review, we will provide an updated state of the art concerning potential new cardioprotective strategies targeting the aging heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda C Díaz-Vesga
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas de la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Úrsula Zúñiga-Cuevas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Ramírez-Reyes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Herrera-Zelada
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Chile
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Chile.,Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime A Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Chile
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