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Gronau L, Duecker RP, Jerkic SP, Eickmeier O, Trischler J, Chiocchetti AG, Blumchen K, Zielen S, Schubert R. Dual Role of microRNA-146a in Experimental Inflammation in Human Pulmonary Epithelial and Immune Cells and Expression in Inflammatory Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7686. [PMID: 39062931 PMCID: PMC11276706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
microRNA (miR)-146a emerges as a promising post-transcriptional regulator in various inflammatory diseases with different roles for the two isoforms miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p. The present study aimed to examine the dual role of miR-146a-5p and miR-146a 3p in the modulation of inflammation in human pulmonary epithelial and immune cells in vitro as well as their expression in patients with inflammatory lung diseases. Experimental inflammation in human A549, HL60, and THP1 via the NF-kB pathway resulted in the major upregulation of miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p expression, which was partly cell-specific. Modulation by transfection with miRNA mimics and inhibitors demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect of miR-146a-5p and a pro-inflammatory effect of miR-146a-3p, respectively. A mutual interference between miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p was observed, with miR-146a-5p exerting a predominant influence. In vivo NGS analyses revealed an upregulation of miR-146a-3p in the blood of patients with cystic fibrosis and bronchiolitis obliterans, while miR-146a-5p levels were downregulated or unchanged compared to controls. The reverse pattern was observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p are two distinct but interconnected miRNA isoforms with opposing functions in inflammation regulation. Understanding their interaction provides important insights into the progression and persistence of inflammatory lung diseases and might provide potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gronau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Ruth P. Duecker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Silvija-Pera Jerkic
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Olaf Eickmeier
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Jordis Trischler
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Andreas G. Chiocchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Katharina Blumchen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Stefan Zielen
- Respiratory Research Institute, Medaimun GmbH, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
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Li Y, Chen J, Xing Y, Wang J, Liang Q, Zeng J, Wang S, Yang Q, Lu J, Hu J, Lu W. Bufei Huoxue capsule attenuates COPD-related inflammation and regulates intestinal microflora, metabolites. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1270661. [PMID: 38659586 PMCID: PMC11041376 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1270661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Bufei Huoxue capsule (BFHX) is widely used for the clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China. Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the effects on COPD and the underlying mechanism of BFHX. The process and methods: In this study, we established a COPD mouse model through cigarette smoke (CS) exposure in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intratracheal instillation. Subsequently, BFHX was orally administrated to COPD mice, and their pulmonary function, lung pathology, and lung inflammation, including bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell count and classification and cytokines, were analyzed. In addition, the anti-oxidative stress ability of BFHX was detected by Western blotting, and the bacterial diversity, abundance, and fecal microbiome were examined using 16S rRNA sequencing technology. Outcome: BFHX was shown to improve pulmonary function, suppress lung inflammation, decrease emphysema, and increase anti-oxidative stress, whereas 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that BFHX can dynamically regulate the diversity, composition, and distribution of the intestinal flora microbiome and regulate the lysine degradation and phenylalanine metabolism of COPD mice. These results highlight another treatment option for COPD and provide insights into the mechanism of BFHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Guangzhou Medicine University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Guangzhou Medicine University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Medicine University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuling Liang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Zeng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for the Diagnosis and Treatment of COPD, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Jianing Lu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieying Hu
- Guangzhou Medicine University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenju Lu
- Guangzhou Medicine University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical, Guangzhou, China
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Pan L, Boldogh I. The potential for OGG1 inhibition to be a therapeutic strategy for pulmonary diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:117-130. [PMID: 38344773 PMCID: PMC11111349 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2317900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary diseases impose a daunting burden on healthcare systems and societies. Current treatment approaches primarily address symptoms, underscoring the urgency for the development of innovative pharmaceutical solutions. A noteworthy focus lies in targeting enzymes recognizing oxidatively modified DNA bases within gene regulatory elements, given their pivotal role in governing gene expression. AREAS COVERED This review delves into the intricate interplay between the substrate-specific binding of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and epigenetic regulation, with a focal point on elucidating the molecular underpinnings and their biological implications. The absence of OGG1 distinctly attenuates the binding of transcription factors to cis elements, thereby modulating pro-inflammatory or pro-fibrotic transcriptional activity. Through a synergy of experimental insights gained from cell culture studies and murine models, utilizing prototype OGG1 inhibitors (O8, TH5487, and SU0268), a promising panorama emerges. These investigations underscore the absence of cytotoxicity and the establishment of a favorable tolerance profile for these OGG1 inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION Thus, the strategic targeting of the active site pocket of OGG1 through the application of small molecules introduces an innovative trajectory for advancing redox medicine. This approach holds particular significance in the context of pulmonary diseases, offering a refined avenue for their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
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Bhat AA, Afzal O, Agrawal N, Thapa R, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Altamimi ASA, Kukreti N, Chakraborty A, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G. A comprehensive review on the emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in the regulation of NF-κB signaling in inflammatory lung diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126951. [PMID: 37734525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Public health globally faces significant risks from conditions like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and various inflammatory lung disorders. The NF-κB signaling system partially controls lung inflammation, immunological responses, and remodeling. Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in regulating gene expression. They are increasingly recognized for their involvement in NF-κB signaling and the development of inflammatory lung diseases. Disruption of lncRNA-NF-κB interactions is a potential cause and resolution factor for inflammatory respiratory conditions. This study explores the therapeutic potential of targeting lncRNAs and NF-κB signaling to alleviate inflammation and restore lung function. Understanding the intricate relationship between lncRNAs and NF-κB signaling could offer novel insights into disease mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets. Regulation of lncRNAs and NF-κB signaling holds promise as an effective approach for managing inflammatory lung disorders. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the interaction between lncRNAs and the NF-κB signaling pathway in the context of inflammatory lung diseases. It investigates the functional roles of lncRNAs in modulating NF-κB activity and the resulting inflammatory responses in lung cells, focusing on molecular mechanisms involving upstream regulators, inhibitory proteins, and downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, UP, India
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Amlan Chakraborty
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Center for Global Health research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Yang CL, Wang SB, He WP, Liu JJ. Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract from Polygala sibirica L. var megalopha Fr. on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:905-913. [PMID: 37434032 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract of Polygala sibirica L. var megalopha Fr. (EEP) on RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. METHODS RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with 0-200 µg/mL EEP or vehicle for 2 h prior to exposure to 1 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. Nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PGE2) production were determined by Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot assay was used to determine the protein expressions of iNOS, COX-2, phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor Kappa B alpha (Iκ B-α) and p38. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the nuclear expression of nuclear factor-κ B p65 (NF-κ B p65). Additionally, the anti-oxidant potential of EEP was evaluated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), superoxide anion (O2-) radical and nitrite scavenging activity were also measured. RESULTS The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of EEP were 23.50±2.16 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g and 43.78±3.81 mg rutin equivalent/100 g. With EEP treatment (100 and 150 µg/mL), there was a notable decrease in NO and PGE2 production induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells by downregulation of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expressions (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, with EEP treatment (150 µg/mL), there was a decrease in the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as in the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, P<0.01 or P<0.05), by blocking the nuclear translocation of NF-κ B p65 in LPS-stimulated cells. In addition, EEP (100 and 150 µg/mL) led to an increase in the anti-oxidant enzymes activity of SOD and CAT, with a concomitant decrease in ROS production (P<0.01 or P<0.05). EEP also indicated the DPPH, OH, O2- radical and nitrite scavenging activity. CONCLUSION EEP inhibited inflammatory responses in activated macrophages through blocking MAPK/NF-κ B pathway and protected against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Shi-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Wen-Ping He
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Jin-Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China.
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Fekete M, Csípő T, Fazekas-Pongor V, Fehér Á, Szarvas Z, Kaposvári C, Horváth K, Lehoczki A, Tarantini S, Varga JT. The Effectiveness of Supplementation with Key Vitamins, Minerals, Antioxidants and Specific Nutritional Supplements in COPD-A Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2741. [PMID: 37375645 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, an increasing amount of evidence supports the notion that vitamins C, D and E, carotenoids, and omega-3 fatty acids may protect against the progression of chronic respiratory diseases. Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) primarily affects the lung, it is often accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations such as weight loss and malnutrition, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and an excess of harmful oxidants, which can lead to a decline in quality of life and possible death. Recently, the role of various vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants in mitigating the effects of environmental pollution and smoking has received significant attention. Therefore, this review evaluates the most relevant and up-to-date evidence on this topic. We conducted a literature review between 15 May 2018 and 15 May 2023, using the electronic database PubMed. Our search keywords included COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV1, supplementation: vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B, omega-3, minerals, antioxidants, specific nutrient supplementations, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We focused on studies that measured the serum levels of vitamins, as these are a more objective measure than patient self-reports. Our findings suggest that the role of appropriate dietary supplements needs to be reconsidered for individuals who are predisposed to or at risk of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csípő
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Fehér
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Szarvas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Kaposvári
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Horváth
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, National Institute for Haematology and Infectious Diseases, South Pest Central Hospital, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - János Tamás Varga
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
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Chen R, Cui Y, Mak JCW. Novel treatments against airway inflammation in COPD based on drug repurposing. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 98:225-247. [PMID: 37524488 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death and reduces quality of life that contributes to a health problem worldwide. Chronic airway inflammation is a hallmark of COPD, which occurs in response to exposure of inhaled irritants like cigarette smoke. Despite accessible to the most up-to-date medications, none of the treatments is currently available to decrease the disease progression. Therefore, it is believed that drugs which can reduce airway inflammation will provide effective disease modifying therapy for COPD. There are many broad-range anti-inflammatory drugs including those that inhibit cell signaling pathways like inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), are now in phase III development for COPD. In this chapter, we review recent basic research data in the laboratory that may indicate novel therapeutic pathways arisen from currently used drugs such as selective monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitors and drugs targeting peripheral benzodiazepine receptors [also known as translocator protein (TSPO)] to reduce airway inflammation. Considering the impact of chronic airway inflammation on the lives of COPD patients, the potential pharmacological candidates for new anti-inflammatory targets should be further investigated. In addition, it is crucial to consider the phenotypes/molecular endotypes of COPD patients together with specific outcome measures to target novel therapies. This review will enhance our knowledge on how cigarette smoke affects MAO-B activity and TSPO activation/inactivation with specific ligands through regulation of mitochondrial function, and will help to identify new potential treatment for COPD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Judith C W Mak
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.
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Chemparathy DT, Sil S, Callen S, Chand HS, Sopori M, Wyatt TA, Acharya A, Byrareddy SN, Fox HS, Buch S. Inflammation-Associated Lung Tissue Remodeling and Fibrosis in Morphine-Dependent SIV-Infected Macaques. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:380-391. [PMID: 37003622 PMCID: PMC10116601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, improved survival of people with HIV (PWH) is accompanied with increased prevalence of HIV-associated comorbidities. Chronic lung anomalies are recognized as one of the most devastating sequelae in PWH. The limited available data describing the lung complications in PWH with a history of opioid abuse warrants more research to better define the course of disease pathogenesis. The current study was conducted to investigate the progression of lung tissue remodeling in a morphine (Mor)-exposed rhesus macaque model of SIV infection. Pathologic features of lung remodeling, including histopathologic changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and proliferation of fibroblasts, were investigated in archival lung tissues of SIVmac-251/macaque model with or without Mor dependence. Lungs of Mor-exposed, SIV-infected macaques exhibited significant fibrotic changes and collagen deposition in the alveolar and the bronchiolar region. There was increased oxidative stress, profibrotic transforming growth factor-β, fibroblast proliferation and trans-differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and matrix degradation in SIV-infected macaques, which was further exacerbated in the lungs of Mor-exposed macaques. Interestingly, there was decreased inflammation-associated remodeling in Mor-dependent SIV-infected macaques compared with SIV-infected macaques that did not receive Mor. Thus, the current findings suggest that SIV independently induces fibrotic changes in macaque lungs, which is further aggravated by Mor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya T Chemparathy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Susmita Sil
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Shannon Callen
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Hitendra S Chand
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Mohan Sopori
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Todd A Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Arpan Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Neurological Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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Oxidative stress stimulation leads to cell-specific oxidant and antioxidant responses in airway resident and inflammatory cells. Life Sci 2023; 315:121358. [PMID: 36596408 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant response has been linked to various airway diseases, including asthma. However, knowledge on cell-specific responses of the airway resident and inflammatory cells against increased oxidant stress is very limited. We aim to better understand the cell-specific antioxidant response that contributes to the pathophysiology of lung disease in response to oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human cell lines of epithelial, fibroblast, endothelial, monocyte, eosinophil and neutrophil were incubated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) or cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). Following stimulation, cell viability, total oxidant and antioxidant activity were assessed in both residential and inflammatory cells. Human Oxidative Stress Plus RT2 Profiler PCR array was used to determine 84 gene expression differences in oxidant and antioxidant pathways following oxidant stimulus in all cells. KEY FINDINGS We showed that various cell types respond differently to oxidative stress inducers, with distinct gene expression and oxidant-antioxidant generation. Most importantly, eosinophils increased the activity of all main antioxidant enzymes in response to both oxidants. Monocytes, on the other hand, showed no change in response to each stimulation, whereas neutrophils only increased their CAT activity in response to both stimuli. The increase in NRF2-regulated genes HSPA1A, HMOX1 and DUSP1 after both tBHP and CSC in epithelial cells and fibroblasts indicates Nfr2 pathway activation. SIGNIFICANCE This study advances our knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of cell-specific antioxidant response upon exposure to oxidative stress. Additionally, our observations imply that the eosinophils' distinct biological response may be utilized for endotype-based cell-targeted antioxidant therapy.
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Hussain SRA, Grayson MH. Chronic allergy signaling: is it all stressed-out mitochondria? Fac Rev 2022; 11:37. [PMID: 36644297 PMCID: PMC9816874 DOI: 10.12703/r/11-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases in general, and chronic allergic inflammation in particular, are on the rise in the United States and other developed countries. The idea of chronic allergic disease as a chronic type 2 immune response has been around for several decades. However, data suggest that other mechanisms may be important in chronic disease. Therefore, we believe it is time for a paradigm shift in understanding the mechanistic causes of disease symptoms in these diseases. In this review, we have avoided the classic canonical pathways and focused on the emerging idea that oxidative stress, changes in immuno-metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic changes (particularly microRNA profile) may be working concurrently or synergistically to potentiate allergic disease symptoms. Furthermore, we have addressed how the epidemic of obesity exacerbates allergic disease via the dysregulation of the aforementioned factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed-Rehan A Hussain
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital - The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- mailto:
| | - Mitchell H Grayson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital - The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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11
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Albano GD, Gagliardo RP, Montalbano AM, Profita M. Overview of the Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress: Impact in Inflammation of the Airway Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2237. [PMID: 36421423 PMCID: PMC9687037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the human lung is mediated in response to different stimuli (e.g., physical, radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic or toxic) such as cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants. They often promote an increase in inflammatory activities in the airways that manifest themselves as chronic diseases (e.g., allergic airway diseases, asthma, chronic bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or even lung cancer). Increased levels of oxidative stress (OS) reduce the antioxidant defenses, affect the autophagy/mitophagy processes, and the regulatory mechanisms of cell survival, promoting inflammation in the lung. In fact, OS potentiate the inflammatory activities in the lung, favoring the progression of chronic airway diseases. OS increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions (O2-), hydroxyl radicals (OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by the transformation of oxygen through enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. In this manner, OS reduces endogenous antioxidant defenses in both nucleated and non-nucleated cells. The production of ROS in the lung can derive from both exogenous insults (cigarette smoke or environmental pollution) and endogenous sources such as cell injury and/or activated inflammatory and structural cells. In this review, we describe the most relevant knowledge concerning the functional interrelation between the mechanisms of OS and inflammation in airway diseases.
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12
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Notarbartolo V, Montante C, Ferrante G, Giuffrè M. Antioxidant Effects of Dietary Supplements on Adult COVID-19 Patients: Why Do We Not Also Use Them in Children? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091638. [PMID: 36139712 PMCID: PMC9495518 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are very common in children, especially in the first five years of life, and several viruses, such as the influenza virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Rhinovirus, are triggers for symptoms that usually affect the upper airways. It has been known that during respiratory viral infections, a condition of oxidative stress (OS) occurs, and many studies have suggested the potential use of antioxidants as complementary components in prophylaxis and/or therapy of respiratory viral infections. Preliminary data have demonstrated that antioxidants may also interfere with the new coronavirus 2’s entry and replication in human cells, and that they have a role in the downregulation of several pathogenetic mechanisms involved in disease severity. Starting from preclinical data, the aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the current evidence about the main antioxidants that are potentially useful for preventing and treating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in adults and to speculate on their possible use in children by exploring the most relevant issues affecting their use in clinical practice, as well as the associated evidence gaps and research limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Notarbartolo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudio Montante
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrante
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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13
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Smoking Cessation in Mice Does Not Switch off Persistent Lung Inflammation and Does Not Restore the Expression of HDAC2 and SIRT1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169104. [PMID: 36012370 PMCID: PMC9409159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Once COPD is established, pulmonary lesions can only progress and smoking cessation by itself is not sufficient to switch off persistent lung inflammation. Similarly, in former-smoker mice, neutrophil inflammation persists and lung lesions undergo progressive deterioration. The molecular mechanisms underlying disease progression and the inefficiency of smoking cessation in quenching neutrophilic inflammation were studied in male C57 Bl/6 mice after 6 months of rest from smoking cessation. As compared with the mice that continued to smoke, the former-smoker mice showed reduced expression of histone deacetylases HDAC2 and SIRT1 and marked expression of p-p38 MAPK and p-Ser10. All these factors are involved in corticosteroid insensitivity and in perpetuating inflammation. Former-smoker mice do show persistent lung neutrophilic influx and a high number of macrophages which account for the intense staining in the alveolar structures of neutrophil elastase and MMP-9 (capable of destroying lung scaffolding) and 8-OHdG (marker of oxidative stress). “Alarmins” released from necrotic cells together with these factors can sustain and perpetuate inflammation after smoking cessation. Several factors and mechanisms all together are involved in sustaining and perpetuating inflammation in former-smoker mice. This study suggests that a better control of COPD in humans may be achieved by precise targeting of the various molecular mechanisms associated with different phenotypes of disease by using a cocktail of drug active toward specific molecules.
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14
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Saunders RM, Biddle M, Amrani Y, Brightling CE. Stressed out - The role of oxidative stress in airway smooth muscle dysfunction in asthma and COPD. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 185:97-119. [PMID: 35472411 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The airway smooth muscle (ASM) surrounding the airways is dysfunctional in both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exhibiting; increased contraction, increased mass, increased inflammatory mediator release and decreased corticosteroid responsiveness. Due to this dysfunction, ASM is a key contributor to symptoms in patients that remain symptomatic despite optimal provision of currently available treatments. There is a significant body of research investigating the effects of oxidative stress/ROS on ASM behaviour, falling into the following categories; cigarette smoke and associated compounds, air pollutants, aero-allergens, asthma and COPD relevant mediators, and the anti-oxidant Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway. However, despite a number of recent reviews addressing the role of oxidative stress/ROS in asthma and COPD, the potential contribution of oxidative stress/ROS-related ASM dysfunction to asthma and COPD pathophysiology has not been comprehensively reviewed. We provide a thorough review of studies that have used primary airway, bronchial or tracheal smooth muscle cells to investigate the role of oxidative stress/ROS in ASM dysfunction and consider how they could contribute to the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD. We summarise the current state of play with regards to clinical trials/development of agents targeting oxidative stress and associated limitations, and the adverse effects of oxidative stress on the efficacy of current therapies, with reference to ASM related studies where appropriate. We also identify limitations in the current knowledge of the role of oxidative stress/ROS in ASM dysfunction and identify areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M Saunders
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Michael Biddle
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Yassine Amrani
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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15
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Zhuye Shigao Decoction Combined with Qingqi Huatan Pills in Alleviating the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Phlegm-Heat Stagnating in the Lungs) via the IL-6-Mediated JAK1/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7942623. [PMID: 35571736 PMCID: PMC9106455 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7942623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease with a long course which is often induced by an acute exacerbation of the disease by a respiratory tract infection. We aimed to explore the effect of Zhuye Shigao Decoction combined with Qingqi Huatan Pills on the regulation of the interleukin (IL)-6-mediated JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway in rats with an acute exacerbation of COPD (phlegm-heat stagnating in the lungs). A model of COPD rats with lung phlegm-heat stagnation was established by smoking and intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The rats were randomly divided into eight groups: normal control, model control, three doses of herbs group, and three doses of herbs + itacitinib groups. The lung function indexes were measured by using a lung function tester, and changes in pathological features of all groups were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The mRNA expression and protein expression levels in lung tissues were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot, and immunohistochemical assay, respectively. Following treatment, IL-6 expression in lung tissues was significantly reduced compared with the model group. The results demonstrated that the medication was effective in alleviating the persistent airflow limitation and pathological features in COPD rats. Expression of JAK1/STAT3 in lung tissues was remarkably decreased. The JAK1/STAT3 pathway was inhibited, while SOCS3 expression was upregulated in the drug-treated groups compared with model control. However, after the addition of itacitinib (JAK1 inhibitor), the efficacy in each group was evidently impaired compared with herbs alone. Taken together, Zhuye Shigao Decoction combined with Qingqi Huatan Pills could improve the persistent airflow limitation and reduce lung inflammation and pathological changes of COPD possibly by regulating the expression of the IL-6-mediated JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
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16
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The Current Status of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Vitiligo in China. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2994558. [PMID: 35251468 PMCID: PMC8896159 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2994558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the use of antioxidants in the clinical treatment of vitiligo. To investigate the specific use of antioxidants in the treatment of vitiligo and the possible reasons behind its use in China, we conducted a prospective questionnaire-based study using an online questionnaire comprising 26 questions in 5 areas. A total of 323 clinical frontline dermatologists participated in this study. Differences among groups were compared using Pearson’s chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression was used to develop knowledge–use multiple regression models. Among the 323 dermatologists, 293 (90.7%) approved the oxidative stress theory of vitiligo, and 182 (56.3%) encouraged the use of antioxidants for treating vitiligo; nonetheless, only 11.8% frequently treated vitiligo with antioxidants. Insufficient knowledge of antioxidants was a significant predictor of lower frequency of antioxidant usage (adjusted odds ratio, 0.401 [95% confidence interval, 0.256-0.629];
). The predictors associated with higher antioxidant efficacy included advanced or rapid progression, moderate or moderate-to-severe vitiligo, age of 0–2 years or 13–18 years, segmental vitiligo, oral and topical combination therapy, and course duration of <1 month. The use of antioxidants for treating vitiligo is highly encouraged; however, the rates of their clinical use are considerably low. Insufficient knowledge of antioxidants is associated with a lower frequency of antioxidant usage. The synergistic curative efficacy of antioxidants could be affected by the stage, type, severity, age of patients with vitiligo, and method of using antioxidants.
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17
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Yamamoto A, Sly PD, Begum N, Yeo AJ, Fantino E. Resveratrol and Astaxanthin Protect Primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Cultured at an Air-liquid Interface from an Acute Oxidant Exposure. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR SIGNALING 2022; 3:207-217. [PMID: 36777035 PMCID: PMC9910318 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.3.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) in the airway epithelium is associated with cell damage, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction that may initiate or worsen respiratory disease. However, it is unclear whether exogenous antioxidants can provide protection to the airway epithelium from OS. Resveratrol and astaxanthin are nutritional compounds that have shown diverse benefits including protection against OS and inflammation in various situations. The aim of this study was to examine the utility of pre-treatment with resveratrol and astaxanthin to prevent the negative effects of oxidant exposure and restore redox homeostasis in a well-differentiated epithelium grown from primary human nasal epithelial cells (NECs) at the air-liquid interface. Fully differentiated NECs were pretreated with the antioxidants for 24 hours and the cultured epithelia was subsequently exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 1 hour to induce an acute OS. Responses measured included mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation, redox status (GSH/GSSG ratio), cellular ATP, and signaling pathways (SIRT1, FOXO3, p21, PINK1, PARKIN, NRF2). Following H2O2 exposure, mtROS production increased by 4-fold compared with control (p<0.01) and pre-treatment with resveratrol or astaxanthin reduced this by 50% (p<0.05). H2O2 exposure reduced GSH/GSSG ratio and this decline was prevented by antioxidants pre-treatment. H2O2 exposure caused 2.5-fold increase in p21 mRNA expression compared with control (p<0.05), while a slight decrease in p21 mRNA expression was observed when cells were pre-treated with resveratrol or astaxanthin. Our results demonstrate that antioxidants, resveratrol, and astaxanthin were able to protect cells from an acute OS. These agents show promise that encourages further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaho Yamamoto
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia,Correspondence should be addressed to Ayaho Yamamoto,
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Nelufa Begum
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Abrey J. Yeo
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Fantino
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
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18
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Assayag M, Goldstein S, Samuni A, Kaufman A, Berkman N. The nitroxide/antioxidant 3-carbamoyl proxyl attenuates disease severity in murine models of severe asthma. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:181-188. [PMID: 34678420 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness, symptoms of dyspnea, wheezing and coughing. In most patients, asthma is well controlled using inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators. A minority of patients with asthma develop severe disease, which is frequently only partially responsive or even resistant to treatment with corticosteroids. Severe refractory asthma is associated with structural changes in the airways, termed "airway remodeling", and/or with neutrophilic rather than eosinophilic airway inflammation. While oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma, cyclic nitroxide stable radicals, which are unique and efficient catalytic antioxidants, effectively protect against oxidative injury. We have demonstrated that the nitroxide 3-carbamoyl proxyl (3-CP) attenuates airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in allergic asthma as well as bleomycin-induced fibrosis both using murine models, most probably through modulation of oxidative stress. The present study evaluates the effect of 3-CP on airway inflammation and remodeling using two murine models of severe asthma where mice are sensitized and challenged either by ovalbumin (OVA) or by house dust mite (HDM). 3-CP was orally administered during the entire period of the experiment or during the challenge period alone where its effect was compared to that of dexamethasone. The induced increase by OVA and by HDM of BALf cell counts, airway hyperresponsiveness, fibrosis, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) levels in BALf and protein nitration levels of the lung tissue was significantly reduced by 3-CP. The effect of 3-CP, using two different murine models of severe asthma, is associated at least partially with attenuation of oxidative stress and with TGF-β expression in the lungs. The results of this study suggest a potential use of 3-CP as a novel therapeutic agent in different forms of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Assayag
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Sara Goldstein
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Amram Samuni
- Institute of Medical Research, Israel-Canada Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Alexander Kaufman
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Neville Berkman
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
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19
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Chan Y, Raju Allam VSR, Paudel KR, Singh SK, Gulati M, Dhanasekaran M, Gupta PK, Jha NK, Devkota HP, Gupta G, Hansbro PM, Oliver BGG, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Nutraceuticals: unlocking newer paradigms in the mitigation of inflammatory lung diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-31. [PMID: 34613853 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1986467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Persistent respiratory tract inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of various chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. These inflammatory respiratory diseases have been a major public health concern as they are the leading causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity, resulting in heavy burden on socioeconomic growth throughout these years. Although various therapeutic agents are currently available, the clinical applications of these agents are found to be futile due to their adverse effects, and most patients remained poorly controlled with a low quality of life. These drawbacks have necessitated the development of novel, alternative therapeutic agents that can effectively improve therapeutic outcomes. Recently, nutraceuticals such as probiotics, vitamins, and phytochemicals have gained increasing attention due to their nutritional properties and therapeutic potential in modulating the pathological mechanisms underlying inflammatory respiratory diseases, which could ultimately result in improved disease control and overall health outcomes. As such, nutraceuticals have been held in high regard as the possible alternatives to address the limitations of conventional therapeutics, where intensive research are being performed to identify novel nutraceuticals that can positively impact various inflammatory respiratory diseases. This review provides an insight into the utilization of nutraceuticals with respect to their molecular mechanisms targeting multiple signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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20
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An Update on the Role of Nrf2 in Respiratory Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168406. [PMID: 34445113 PMCID: PMC8395144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is a transcriptional activator of the cell protection gene that binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE). Therefore, Nrf2 protects cells and tissues from oxidative stress. Normally, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) inhibits the activation of Nrf2 by binding to Nrf2 and contributes to Nrf2 break down by ubiquitin proteasomes. In moderate oxidative stress, Keap1 is inhibited, allowing Nrf2 to be translocated to the nucleus, which acts as an antioxidant. However, under unusually severe oxidative stress, the Keap1-Nrf2 mechanism becomes disrupted and results in cell and tissue damage. Oxide-containing atmospheric environment generally contributes to the development of respiratory diseases, possibly leading to the failure of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Until now, several studies have identified changes in Keap1-Nrf2 signaling in models of respiratory diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)/acute lung injury (ALI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and asthma. These studies have confirmed that several Nrf2 activators can alleviate symptoms of respiratory diseases. Thus, this review describes how the expression of Keap1-Nrf2 functions in different respiratory diseases and explains the protective effects of reversing this expression.
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21
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Rodriguez-Coira J, Villaseñor A, Izquierdo E, Huang M, Barker-Tejeda TC, Radzikowska U, Sokolowska M, Barber D. The Importance of Metabolism for Immune Homeostasis in Allergic Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:692004. [PMID: 34394086 PMCID: PMC8355700 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the metabolic status of T cells and macrophages is associated with severe phenotypes of chronic inflammation, including allergic inflammation. Metabolic changes in immune cells have a crucial role in their inflammatory or regulatory responses. This notion is reinforced by metabolic diseases influencing global energy metabolism, such as diabetes or obesity, which are known risk factors of severity in inflammatory conditions, due to the metabolic-associated inflammation present in these patients. Since several metabolic pathways are closely tied to T cell and macrophage differentiation, a better understanding of metabolic alterations in immune disorders could help to restore and modulate immune cell functions. This link between energy metabolism and inflammation can be studied employing animal, human or cellular models. Analytical approaches rank from classic immunological studies to integrated analysis of metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. This review summarizes the main metabolic pathways of the cells involved in the allergic reaction with a focus on T cells and macrophages and describes different models and platforms of analysis used to study the immune system and its relationship with metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rodriguez-Coira
- Departamento de Ciencias Medicas Basicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain.,Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Alma Villaseñor
- Departamento de Ciencias Medicas Basicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo
- Departamento de Ciencias Medicas Basicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mengting Huang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Tomás Clive Barker-Tejeda
- Departamento de Ciencias Medicas Basicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland
| | - Domingo Barber
- Departamento de Ciencias Medicas Basicas, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain
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