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Wu Z, Zhong K, Tang B, Xie S. Research trends of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in Parkinson's disease: a bibliometric analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1400668. [PMID: 38817551 PMCID: PMC11137268 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1400668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to visualize the trends and hotspots in the research of "ferroptosis in PD" and "pyroptosis in PD" through bibliometric analysis from the past to 2024. Methods Literature was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from the past to February 16, 2024, and bibliometric analysis was conducted using Vosviewer and Citespace. Results 283 and 542 papers were collected in the field of "ferroptosis in PD" and "pyroptosis in PD." The number of publications in both fields has increased yearly, especially in "ferroptosis in PD," which will become the focus of PD research. China, the United States and England had extensive exchanges and collaborations in both fields, and more than 60% of the top 10 institutions were from China. In the fields of "ferroptosis in PD" and "pyroptosis in PD," the University of Melbourne and Nanjing Medical University stood out in terms of publication numbers, citation frequency, and centrality, and the most influential journals were Cell and Nature, respectively. The keyword time zone map showed that molecular mechanisms and neurons were the research hotspots of "ferroptosis in PD" in 2023, while memory and receptor 2 were the research hotspots of "pyroptosis in PD" in 2023, which may predict the future research direction. Conclusion This study provides insights into the development, collaborations, research themes, hotspots, and tendencies of "ferroptosis in PD" and "pyroptosis in PD." Overall situation of these fields is available for researchers to further explore the underlying mechanisms and potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Kexin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Biao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- National Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Chinese Medicinal Powder & Innovative Medicinal Jointly Established by Province and Ministry, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Sijian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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2
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Dar NJ, John U, Bano N, Khan S, Bhat SA. Oxytosis/Ferroptosis in Neurodegeneration: the Underlying Role of Master Regulator Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1507-1526. [PMID: 37725216 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxytosis/ferroptosis is an iron-dependent oxidative form of cell death triggered by lethal accumulation of phospholipid hydroperoxides (PLOOHs) in membranes. Failure of the intricate PLOOH repair system is a principle cause of ferroptotic cell death. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is distinctly vital for converting PLOOHs in membranes to non-toxic alcohols. As such, GPX4 is known as the master regulator of oxytosis/ferroptosis. Ferroptosis has been implicated in a number of disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), etc.), ischemia/reperfusion injury, and kidney degeneration. Reduced function of GPX4 is frequently observed in degenerative disorders. In this study, we examine how diminished GPX4 function may be a critical event in triggering oxytosis/ferroptosis to perpetuate or initiate the neurodegenerative diseases and assess the possible therapeutic importance of oxytosis/ferroptosis in neurodegenerative disorders. These discoveries are important for advancing our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases because oxytosis/ferroptosis may provide a new target to slow the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawab John Dar
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Urmilla John
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
- School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Nargis Bano
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India
| | - Sameera Khan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India
| | - Shahnawaz Ali Bhat
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India.
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3
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Yang J, Gu Z. Ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: from pathogenesis to treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1283465. [PMID: 38313306 PMCID: PMC10834699 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1283465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignant tumor worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. Surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy have largely reduced the recurrence and fatality rates for most HNSCCs. Nonetheless, these therapeutic approaches result in poor prognoses owing to severe adverse reactions and the development of drug resistance. Ferroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death which is non-apoptotic. Ferroptosis of tumor cells can inhibit tumor development. Ferroptosis involves various biomolecules and signaling pathways, whose expressions can be adjusted to modulate the sensitivity of cells to ferroptosis. As a tool in the fight against cancer, the activation of ferroptosis is a treatment that has received much attention in recent years. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in HNSCC is an essential strategy with therapeutic potential. The most important thing to treat HNSCC is to choose the appropriate treatment method. In this review, we discuss the molecular and defense mechanisms of ferroptosis, analyze the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in the inhibition and immunity against HNSCC, and explore the therapeutic strategy for inducing ferroptosis in HNSCC including drug therapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, nanotherapy and comprehensive treatment. We find ferroptosis provides a new target for HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaowei Gu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang JB, Jia X, Cao Q, Chen YT, Tong J, Lu GD, Li DJ, Han T, Zhuang CL, Wang P. Ferroptosis-Regulated Cell Death as a Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Future Prospects. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:2995-3012. [PMID: 37579022 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is increasingly being recognized as a key element in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the intricate links between iron metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation all contribute to the regulation of both ferroptosis and neuronal health. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathological processes of neurodegeneration and its impact on neuronal dysfunction remain incompletely understood. In our Review, we provide a comprehensive analysis and summary of the potential molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases, aiming to elucidate the disease progression of neurodegeneration. Additionally, we discuss potential therapeutic agents that modulate ferroptosis with the goal of identifying novel drug molecules for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiuqin Jia
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dong-Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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5
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Wu C, Zhao L, Guo Y, Hao X, Fan Y, Wu P, Han J, Li Q, Wang X, Wang Q, Luo X, Zhu M. Moxibustion treatment for Parkinson's disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:193. [PMID: 37303044 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03995-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and seriously affects quality of life globally. Moxibustion is widely used to treat neurodegenerative diseases in the clinic and has achieved a beneficial clinical effect. However, strict control and high-quality randomized controlled trials are still lacking. Therefore, this trial aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of moxibustion in patients with PD and preliminarily explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS This is a randomized, single-blind and placebo-controlled trial design in which 70 eligible participants will be randomly divided into a moxibustion group and a sham moxibustion group. Baihui (DU20) and Sishenchong (EX-HN1) are selected for both groups. The treatment will be performed for 30 min per session, two sessions a week for 8 weeks. The mean change in MDS-UPDRS scores (including MDS-UPDRS II, III subscale scores and total scores) from baseline to the observation points will be the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes will include scores on the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) as well as the Wexner constipation score. All the above outcomes will be assessed at 4 and 8 weeks. Laboratory blood biochemical analysis and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be conducted at baseline and at the end of treatment to explore the potential mechanisms of moxibustion in regulating PD. DISCUSSION In conclusion, the results of this trial will reveal whether moxibustion is effective for treating motor and nonmotor symptoms in PD. This trial will also preliminarily explore the underlying mechanism of the regulatory effect of moxibustion in PD, which will contribute to providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of PD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ChiCTR2000029745. Registered on 9 August 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Wu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuelin Guo
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Hao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohua Fan
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Han
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglian Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhang Wang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Meiling Zhu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Snyder J, Wu Z. Origins of nervous tissue susceptibility to ferroptosis. CELL INSIGHT 2023; 2:100091. [PMID: 37398634 PMCID: PMC10308196 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly defined form of programmed cell death. It possesses unique processes of cell demise, cytopathological changes, and independent signal regulation pathways. Ferroptosis is considered to be deeply involved in the development of many diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. Intriguingly, why cells in certain tissues and organs (such as the central nervous system, CNS) are more sensitive to changes in ferroptosis remains a question that has not been carefully discussed. In this Holmesian review, we discuss lipid composition as a potential but often overlooked determining factor in ferroptosis sensitivity and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the pathogenesis of several common human neurodegenerative diseases. In subsequent studies of ferroptosis, lipid composition needs to be given special attention, as it may significantly affect the susceptibility of the cell model used (or the tissue studied).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Snyder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Zhihao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
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7
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Wang X, Zhou Y, Min J, Wang F. Zooming in and out of ferroptosis in human disease. Front Med 2023; 17:173-206. [PMID: 37121959 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-0992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is defined as an iron-dependent regulated form of cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. In the past decade, it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases that together involve almost every organ of the body, including various cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, liver diseases, kidney diseases, endocrine metabolic diseases, iron-overload-related diseases, orthopedic diseases and autoimmune diseases. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its regulatory pathways could provide additional strategies for the management of these disease conditions. Indeed, there are an expanding number of studies suggesting that ferroptosis serves as a bona-fide target for the prevention and treatment of these diseases in relevant pre-clinical models. In this review, we summarize the progress in the research into ferroptosis and its regulatory mechanisms in human disease, while providing evidence in support of ferroptosis as a target for the treatment of these diseases. We also discuss our perspectives on the future directions in the targeting of ferroptosis in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Fudi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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8
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Li Y, Xiao D, Wang X. The emerging roles of ferroptosis in cells of the central nervous system. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1032140. [PMID: 36590286 PMCID: PMC9797129 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1032140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is morphologically characterized by shrunken mitochondria and biochemically characterized by iron overload, lipid peroxidation and lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation; these phenomena are suppressed by iron chelation, genetic inhibition of cellular iron uptake, and intervention on other pathways such as lipid metabolism. The induction of ferroptosis may be related to pathological cellular conditions in the central nervous system (CNS); thus, ferroptosis may cause disability via CNS damage. Here, we review the role of ferroptosis in the main cells of the CNS, including glial cells, neurons, and pericytes; in various diseases of the CNS; and in the interaction of glia and neurons in CNS diseases. Some small molecules and traditional Chinese drugs which inhibit ferroptosis in cells of the CNS are shown as potential therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongqiong Xiao
- Department of Emergency, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Emergency, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Dongqiong Xiao,
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Emergency, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaodong Wang,
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9
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Ferroptosis and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132040. [PMID: 35805124 PMCID: PMC9265893 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, which has been widely associated with many diseases, is an iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by intracellular lipid peroxide accumulation. It exhibits morphological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics that are unique in comparison to other types of cell death. The course of ferroptosis can be accurately regulated by the metabolism of iron, lipids, amino acids, and various signal pathways. In this review, we summarize the basic characteristics of ferroptosis, its regulation, as well as the relationship between ferroptosis and chronic diseases such as cancer, nervous system diseases, metabolic diseases, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Finally, we describe the regulatory effects of food-borne active ingredients on ferroptosis.
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Mu X, Liu J, Wang H, Yuan L, Wang C, Li Y, Qiu J. Bisphenol F Impaired Zebrafish Cognitive Ability through Inducing Neural Cell Heterogeneous Responses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8528-8540. [PMID: 35616434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is a sensitive target for endocrine-disrupting chemicals, such as bisphenol analogues. Bisphenol A (BPA) usage is associated with the occurrence of many neurological diseases. With the restricted use of BPA, bisphenol F (BPF) has been greatly introduced for industrial manufacture and brings new hazards to public CNS health. To understand how BPF affects the neural system, we performed a cognitive test for zebrafish that are continuously exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.5 and 5.0 μg/L) of BPF since embryonic stage and identified suppressed cognitive ability in adulthood. Single-cell RNA sequencing of neural cells revealed a cell composition shift in zebrafish brain post BPF exposure, including increase in microglia and decrease in neurons; these changes were further validated by immune staining. At the same time, a significant inflammatory response and increased phagocytic activity were detected in zebrafish brain post BPF exposure, which were consistent with the activation of microglia. Cell-specific transcriptomic profiles showed that abnormal phagocytosis, activated brain cell death, and apoptosis occurred in microglia post BPF exposure, which are responsible for the neuron loss. In addition, certain neurological diseases were affected by BPF in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, such as the movement disorder and neural muscular disease, however, with distinctly involved genes. These findings indicate that BPF exposure could lead to an abnormal cognitive behavior of zebrafish through inducing heterogeneous changes of neural cells in brain and revealed the dominating role of microglia in mediating this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Mu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100098, People's Republic of China
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilai Yuan
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100098, People's Republic of China
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