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Zhang X, Wang Q, Wang Y, Ma C, Zhao Q, Yin H, Li L, Wang D, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Shi X, Li X, Huang C. Interleukin-6 promotes visceral adipose tissue accumulation during aging via inhibiting fat lipolysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111906. [PMID: 38593501 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related visceral obesity could contribute to the development of cardiometabolic complications. The pathogenesis of visceral fat mass accumulation during the aging process remains complex and largely unknown. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has emerged as one of the prominent inflammaging markers which are elevated in circulation during aging. However, the precise role of IL-6 in regulating age-related visceral adipose tissue accumulation remains uncertain. RESULTS A cross-sectional study including 77 older adults (≥65 years of age) was initially conducted. There was a significant positive association between serum IL-6 levels and visceral fat mass. We subsequently validated a modest but significant elevation in serum IL-6 levels in aged mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that compared to wildtype control, IL-6 deficiency (IL-6 KO) significantly attenuated the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue during aging. Further metabolic characterization suggested that IL-6 deficiency resulted in improved lipid metabolism parameters and energy expenditure in aged mice. Moreover, histological examinations of adipose depots revealed that the absence of IL-6 ameliorated adipocyte hypertrophy in visceral adipose tissue of aged mice. Mechanically, the ablation of IL-6 could promote the PKA-mediated lipolysis and consequently mitigate lipid accumulation in adipose tissue in aged mice. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a detrimental role of IL-6 during the aging process by promoting visceral adipose tissue accumulation through inhibition of lipolysis. Therefore, strategies aimed at preventing or reducing IL-6 levels may potentially ameliorate age-related obesity and improve metabolism during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Hongyan Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China; Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China; Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Yinxiang Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Xiulin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China.
| | - Caoxin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China.
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Yeyeodu S, Hanafi D, Webb K, Laurie NA, Kimbro KS. Population-enriched innate immune variants may identify candidate gene targets at the intersection of cancer and cardio-metabolic disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1286979. [PMID: 38577257 PMCID: PMC10991756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1286979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Both cancer and cardio-metabolic disease disparities exist among specific populations in the US. For example, African Americans experience the highest rates of breast and prostate cancer mortality and the highest incidence of obesity. Native and Hispanic Americans experience the highest rates of liver cancer mortality. At the same time, Pacific Islanders have the highest death rate attributed to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Asian Americans experience the highest incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cancers induced by infectious agents. Notably, the pathologic progression of both cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases involves innate immunity and mechanisms of inflammation. Innate immunity in individuals is established through genetic inheritance and external stimuli to respond to environmental threats and stresses such as pathogen exposure. Further, individual genomes contain characteristic genetic markers associated with one or more geographic ancestries (ethnic groups), including protective innate immune genetic programming optimized for survival in their corresponding ancestral environment(s). This perspective explores evidence related to our working hypothesis that genetic variations in innate immune genes, particularly those that are commonly found but unevenly distributed between populations, are associated with disparities between populations in both cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases. Identifying conventional and unconventional innate immune genes that fit this profile may provide critical insights into the underlying mechanisms that connect these two families of complex diseases and offer novel targets for precision-based treatment of cancer and/or cardio-metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Yeyeodu
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
- Charles River Discovery Services, Morrisville, NC, United States
| | - Donia Hanafi
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kenisha Webb
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nikia A. Laurie
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - K. Sean Kimbro
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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3
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Nakagawa S, Fukui-Miyazaki A, Yoshida T, Ishii Y, Murata E, Taniguchi K, Ishizu A, Kasahara M, Tomaru U. Decreased Proteasomal Function Exacerbates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Obese Adipose Tissue. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00076-2. [PMID: 38423355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation contributes to both aging and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. White adipose tissue (WAT) in obese individuals exhibits chronic inflammation, which is associated with obesity-related disorders. Aging exacerbates obesity-related inflammation in WAT; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation and its exacerbation by aging remain unclear. Age-related decline in activity of the proteasome, a multisubunit proteolytic complex, has been implicated in age-related diseases. This study employed a mouse model with decreased proteasomal function that exhibits age-related phenotypes to investigate the impact of adipocyte senescence on WAT inflammation. Transgenic mice expressing proteasomal subunit β5t with weak chymotrypsin-like activity experience reduced lifespan and develop age-related phenotypes. Mice fed with a high-fat diet and experiencing proteasomal dysfunction exhibited increased WAT inflammation, increased infiltration of proinflammatory M1-like macrophages, and increased proinflammatory adipocytokine-like monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α, which are all associated with activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related pathways. Impaired proteasomal activity also activated ER stress-related molecules and induced expression of proinflammatory adipocytokines in adipocyte-like cells differentiated from 3T3-L1 cells. Collective evidence suggests that impaired proteasomal activity increases ER stress and that subsequent inflammatory pathways play pivotal roles in WAT inflammation. Because proteasomal function declines with age, age-related proteasome impairment may be involved in obesity-related inflammation among elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Nakagawa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Aya Fukui-Miyazaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takuma Yoshida
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishii
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eri Murata
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Koji Taniguchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ishizu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Utano Tomaru
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
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Reinisch I, Michenthaler H, Sulaj A, Moyschewitz E, Krstic J, Galhuber M, Xu R, Riahi Z, Wang T, Vujic N, Amor M, Zenezini Chiozzi R, Wabitsch M, Kolb D, Georgiadi A, Glawitsch L, Heitzer E, Schulz TJ, Schupp M, Sun W, Dong H, Ghosh A, Hoffmann A, Kratky D, Hinte LC, von Meyenn F, Heck AJR, Blüher M, Herzig S, Wolfrum C, Prokesch A. Adipocyte p53 coordinates the response to intermittent fasting by regulating adipose tissue immune cell landscape. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1391. [PMID: 38360943 PMCID: PMC10869344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In obesity, sustained adipose tissue (AT) inflammation constitutes a cellular memory that limits the effectiveness of weight loss interventions. Yet, the impact of fasting regimens on the regulation of AT immune infiltration is still elusive. Here we show that intermittent fasting (IF) exacerbates the lipid-associated macrophage (LAM) inflammatory phenotype of visceral AT in obese mice. Importantly, this increase in LAM abundance is strongly p53 dependent and partly mediated by p53-driven adipocyte apoptosis. Adipocyte-specific deletion of p53 prevents LAM accumulation during IF, increases the catabolic state of adipocytes, and enhances systemic metabolic flexibility and insulin sensitivity. Finally, in cohorts of obese/diabetic patients, we describe a p53 polymorphism that links to efficacy of a fasting-mimicking diet and that the expression of p53 and TREM2 in AT negatively correlates with maintaining weight loss after bariatric surgery. Overall, our results demonstrate that p53 signalling in adipocytes dictates LAM accumulation in AT under IF and modulates fasting effectiveness in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Reinisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Helene Michenthaler
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alba Sulaj
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine 1), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Moyschewitz
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Krstic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Galhuber
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zina Riahi
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Nemanja Vujic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melina Amor
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Riccardo Zenezini Chiozzi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anastasia Georgiadi
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Glawitsch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Michael Schupp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hua Dong
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura C Hinte
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry (Internal Medicine 1), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Wolfkiel PR, Haller AM, Kirby J, Jaeschke A, Hui DY. Different sensitivity to diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia between mice with global or bone marrow-specific apoE receptor-2 deficiency. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R55-R68. [PMID: 37212552 PMCID: PMC10281787 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00007.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the role of apoE receptor-2 (apoER2), a unique member of the LDL receptor family proteins with a restricted tissue expression profile, in modulating diet-induced obesity and diabetes. Unlike wild-type mice and humans in which chronic feeding of a high-fat Western-type diet leads to obesity and the prediabetic state of hyperinsulinemia before hyperglycemia onset, the Lrp8-/- mice with global apoER2 deficiency displayed lower body weight and adiposity, slower development of hyperinsulinemia, but the accelerated onset of hyperglycemia. Despite their lower adiposity, adipose tissues in Western diet-fed Lrp8-/- mice were more inflamed compared with wild-type mice. Additional experiments revealed that the hyperglycemia observed in Western diet-fed Lrp8-/- mice was due to impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion, ultimately leading to hyperglycemia, adipocyte dysfunction, and inflammation upon chronic feeding of the Western diet. Interestingly, bone marrow-specific apoER2-deficient mice were not defective in insulin secretion, exhibiting increased adiposity and hyperinsulinemia compared with wild-type mice. Analysis of bone marrow-derived macrophages revealed that apoER2 deficiency impeded inflammation resolution with lower secretion of IFN-β and IL-10 in response to LPS stimulation of IL-4 primed cells. The apoER2-deficient macrophages also showed an increased level of disabled-2 (Dab2) as well as increased cell surface TLR4, suggesting that apoER2 participates in Dab2 regulation of TLR4 signaling. Taken together, these results showed that apoER2 deficiency in macrophages sustains diet-induced tissue inflammation and accelerates obesity and diabetes onset while apoER2 deficiency in other cell types contributes to hyperglycemia and inflammation via defective insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Wolfkiel
- Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - April M Haller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Jillian Kirby
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Anja Jaeschke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - David Y Hui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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Dixon AE, Que LG, Kalhan R, Dransfield MT, Rogers L, Gerald LB, Kraft M, Krishnan JA, Johnson O, Hazucha H, Roy G, Holbrook JT, Wise RA. Roflumilast May Increase Risk of Exacerbations When Used to Treat Poorly Controlled Asthma in People with Obesity. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:206-214. [PMID: 36170654 PMCID: PMC9989863 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202204-368oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: People with obesity often have severe, difficult-to-control asthma. There is a need to develop better treatments for this population. One potential treatment is roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, as it is reported to have efficacy for the treatment of asthma and can promote weight loss. Objectives: To investigate the potential efficacy of roflumilast for the treatment of poorly controlled asthma in people with obesity. Methods: A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial of 24 weeks of roflumilast versus placebo for the treatment of poorly controlled asthma in people with obesity (body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher). The primary outcome was a change in ACT (Asthma Control Test) score. Results: Twenty-two people were randomized to roflumilast and 16 to placebo. Roflumilast had no effect on change in the ACT (increased by 2.6 [interquartile range (IQR), 0.5-4.4] in those on roflumilast vs. 2.0 [IQR, 0.7-3.3] in those on placebo). Participants assigned to roflumilast had a 3.5-fold (relative risk [RR] 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-9.4) increased risk of an episode of poor asthma control and an 8.1-fold (RR 95% CI, 1.01-65.0) increased risk of an urgent care visit for asthma. Ten participants (56%) assigned to roflumilast required a course of oral corticosteroids for asthma exacerbations, and none in the placebo group. Participants losing 5% or more of their body weight experienced a clinically and statistically significant improvement in asthma control (ACT increased by 4.4 [IQR, 2.5-6.3] vs. 1.5 [IQR, 0.0-3.0] in those who lost less than 5%). Conclusions: Roflumilast had no effect on asthma control. Of concern, roflumilast was associated with an increased risk of exacerbation in obese individuals with poorly controlled asthma. These results highlight the importance of studying interventions in different subpopulations of people with asthma, particularly people with obesity and asthma who may respond differently to medications than lean people with asthma. Weight loss of at least 5% was associated with improved asthma control, indicating that interventions other than roflumilast promoting weight loss may have efficacy for the treatment of poorly controlled asthma in people with obesity. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03532490).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Loretta G. Que
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark T. Dransfield
- Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Linda Rogers
- Mount Sinai-National Jewish Health Respiratory Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Monica Kraft
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health & Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jerry A. Krishnan
- Breathe Chicago Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Olivia Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Gem Roy
- Bloomberg School of Public Health and
| | | | - Robert A. Wise
- Bloomberg School of Public Health and
- Depatment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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7
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Fang Z, Wei L, Lv Y, Wang T, Hamezah HS, Han R, Tong X. Phillyrin restores metabolic disorders in mice fed with high-fat diet through inhibition of interleukin-6-mediated basal lipolysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:956218. [PMID: 36276810 PMCID: PMC9581271 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.956218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of white adipose tissue as an energy reservoir is impaired in obesity, leading to lipid spillover and ectopic lipid deposition. Adipose tissue inflammation can reduce the efficacy of lipid storage in adipocytes by augmenting basal lipolysis through producing interleukin-6 (IL-6). Therefore, pharmacological compounds targeting adipose tissue inflammation or IL-6 signaling might have the potential to combat obesity. This study aims to investigate the impact of Phillyrin, which is frequently used for treating respiratory infections in clinics in China, on obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions. Firstly, a mouse model of diet-induced obesity is used to assess the pharmacological applications of Phillyrin on obesity in vivo. Secondly, ex vivo culture of adipose tissue explants is utilized to investigate actions of Phillyrin on IL-6-linked basal lipolysis. Thirdly, a mouse model of IL-6 injection into visceral adipose tissue is explored to confirm the anti-basal lipolytic effect of Phillyrin against IL-6 in vivo. The results show that Phillyrin treatment reduces circulating level of glycerol, decreases hepatic steatosis and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice. Meanwhile, Phillyrin attenuates obesity-related inflammation and IL-6 production in adipose tissue in obese mice. Furthermore, Phillyrin treatment results in resistance to IL-6-induced basal lipolysis in adipose tissue through suppressing expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) both in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, these findings suggest that Phillyrin can restrain lipid efflux from inflamed adipose tissue in obesity by inhibiting IL-6-initiated basal lipolysis and ATGL expression, and thus is a potential candidate in the treatment of obesity-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizheng Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanping Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Tongsheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | | | - Rongchun Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Rongchun Han,
| | - Xiaohui Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China,Xiaohui Tong,
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8
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Crobeddu B, Jutras-Carignan A, Kolasa É, Mounier C, Robaire B, Plante I. Gestational and lactational exposure to the emergent alternative plasticizer 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) impairs lipid metabolism to a greater extent than the commonly used Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the adult rat mammary gland. Toxicol Sci 2022; 189:268-286. [PMID: 35861430 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their endocrine disruption properties, phthalate plasticizers such as di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) can affect the hormone-dependent development of the mammary gland. Over the past few years, DEHP has been partially replaced by 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) which also have potential endocrine disrupting properties. The goal of the present study is to understand the impact of a gestational and lactational exposure to DEHP and DINCH on mammary gland development using Sprague-Dawley rats. Both plasticizers altered the adipocytes of the mammary gland fat pad of adult progeny, as demonstrated by a decrease in their size, folding of their membrane and modulations of the lipid profiles. DEHP treatments decreased the expression of Rxrα and Scd1 at the low and high dose, respectively, but did not affect any of the other genes studied. DINCH modulation of lipid metabolism could be observed at puberty by a decreased expression of genes implicated in triglyceride synthesis, lipid transport and lipolysis, but by an increased expression of genes of the β-oxidation pathway and of genes involved in lipid storage and fatty acid synthesis at adulthood, compared to control and DEHP-treated rats. A strong upregulation of different inflammatory markers was observed following DINCH exposure only. Together, our results indicate that a gestational and lactational exposure to DINCH has earlier and more significant effects on lipid homeostasis, adipogenesis and the inflammatory state of the adult mammary gland than DEHP exposure. The long-term consequence of these effects on mammary gland health remained to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bélinda Crobeddu
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Antoine Jutras-Carignan
- Laboratoire du métabolisme des lipides, CERMO-FC, Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Élise Kolasa
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Catherine Mounier
- Laboratoire du métabolisme des lipides, CERMO-FC, Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Bernard Robaire
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Isabelle Plante
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
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Weng W, Hu Z, Pan Y. Macrophage Extracellular Traps: Current Opinions and the State of Research regarding Various Diseases. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7050807. [PMID: 35036449 PMCID: PMC8759907 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7050807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are an important component of the human immune system and play a key role in the immune response, which can protect the body against infection and regulate the development of tissue inflammation. Some studies found that macrophages can produce extracellular traps (ETs) under various conditions of stimulation. ETs are web-like structures that consist of proteins and DNA. ETs are thought to immobilize and kill microorganisms, as well as play an important role in tissue damage, inflammatory progression, and autoimmune diseases. In this review, the structure, identification, mechanism, and research progress of macrophage extracellular traps (METs) in related diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Weng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zuoyu Hu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yunfeng Pan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Recent Advances in Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123300. [PMID: 34943809 PMCID: PMC8699427 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious ongoing health problem that significantly increases the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). During obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction is obvious and characterized by increased fat deposition (adiposity) and chronic low-grade inflammation. The latter has been implicated to critically promote the development and progression of NAFLD, whose advanced form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered one of the most common causes of terminal liver diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge on obesity-related adipose dysfunction and its roles in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and inflammation, as well as liver fibrosis. A better understanding of the crosstalk between adipose tissue and liver under obesity is essential for the development of new and improved preventive and/or therapeutic approaches for managing NAFLD.
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