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Ku Carbonell SE, Ogba P, Vanstone M, Gombay C, Darling EK. Midwives' adaptation of their practice, role, and scope to ensure access to sexual and reproductive services during humanitarian crises: A scoping review. Midwifery 2024; 136:104065. [PMID: 38963995 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM Limited research has examined and synthesized the adaptation of midwives and midwife-led interventions during crises. BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that midwives are essential to respond to sexual and reproductive health care needs during disruptive times, and that they adapt to continue to provide their services during those circumstances. AIM To map the adaptations of midwives when providing care during crises globally. Secondary objectives include identifying which midwives adapted, what services were adapted and how, and the demographic receiving care. STUDY METHODS Scoping review using Levac's modifications of Arksey and O'Malley's methods. Publications and grey literature, in English and Spanish, with no limitations based on study design or date were included. Data was extracted and mapped using Wheaton and Maciver's Adaptation framework. FINDINGS We identified 3329 records, of which forty-two were included. Midwives' prior training impacted adaptation. Midwives adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic, epidemics, natural disasters, and World War II. They adapted in hospital and community settings around the provision of antenatal, labor and birth, postpartum, and contraceptive care. However, no specific data identified population demographics. Midwifery adaptations related to their practice, role, and scope of practice. CONCLUSION The limited available evidence identified the challenges, creativity, and mutual aid activities midwives have undertaken to ensure the provision of their services. Evidence is highly concentrated around maternal health services. Further high-quality research is needed to provide a deeper understanding of how midwifery-led care can adapt to guide sustainable responses to ensure access to sexual and reproductive health services during crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana E Ku Carbonell
- McMaster Midwifery Research Center, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, HSC 4H24, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Global Health Graduate Programs, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, MDCL 3500, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Patricia Ogba
- Global Health Graduate Programs, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, MDCL 3500, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Meredith Vanstone
- Department of Family Medicine, David Braley Health Sciences Centre, McMaster University, 100 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8P 1H6, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, HSC 2C, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Christy Gombay
- Global Health Graduate Programs, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, MDCL 3500, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth K Darling
- McMaster Midwifery Research Center, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, HSC 4H24, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, HSC 2C, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, HSC 2F, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Sathitloetsakun S, Phutrakool P, Maitreechit D, Santibenchakul S, Jaisamrarn U, Puangsricharoen P. The prevalence of contraceptive use among postpartum women and its associated factors during the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak: a time series study. Reprod Health 2024; 21:80. [PMID: 38840252 PMCID: PMC11154988 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unintended pregnancies can adversely affect maternal health, preventable through timely postpartum contraception. During the COVID-19 pandemic, family planning services were constrained by policies that curtailed outpatient visits. We investigated the prevalence of postpartum contraceptive initiation at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) during January to June 2020, comparing with the same period in 2019, and identified factors associated with such initiation. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 4506 postpartum women who delivered at KCMH during the study period. Logistic regression was conducted to test the association between early COVID-19 phase deliveries and post-partum long acting reversible contraception (LARC) initiation including copper intrauterine devices, levonorgestrel intrauterine systems, contraceptive implants, and progestogen-only injectable contraceptives. RESULTS A total of 3765 women (83.6%), of whom 1821 delivered during the pandemic and 1944 during the historical cohort period, were included in this study. The proportion of women who initiated non-permanent modern contraceptives at six weeks postpartum was comparable between the COVID-19 (73.4%) and historical cohort (75.3%) (p = 0.27) periods. The proportion of women who initiated LARC at six weeks postpartumwas comparable between the historical cohort period (22.5%) and the COVID-19 (19.7%) (p = 0.05) period. Accessing a six-week postpartum check-up was independently associated with LARC initiation, of which the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) was 3.01 (2.26 to 4.02). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that accessing postpartum care significantly associate with the use of LARC. The data suggest the strong influence of postpartum check-ups in facilitating the adoption of effective contraception, emphasizing the need for accessible postpartum care to sustain maternal health during health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarochinee Sathitloetsakun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Phanupong Phutrakool
- Chula Data Management Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Somsook Santibenchakul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Unnop Jaisamrarn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pimpitcha Puangsricharoen
- Division of Academic Affairs Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Kaur S, Lathrop E. Mobile programs in family planning. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2023; 35:501-504. [PMID: 37610991 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mobile health outreach programs are an alternative way to provide family planning services for rural populations or populations affected by conflict, outbreaks, or humanitarian crises. Here, we review the current literature about mobile health outreach programs in family planning. RECENT FINDINGS Mobile health outreach programs are effective in delivering family planning services by increasing access to family planning services including expanding method choice, contributing to resilient healthcare models, and advancing reproductive justice.Mobile health outreach programs may be a reasonable, cost saving, person-centered alternative to delivering healthcare particularly when traditional systems are strained. SUMMARY Mobile health outreach programs in family planning exist in the United States and globally. Current literature suggests that mobile and outreach programs are effective in increasing knowledge and access to family planning in part by expanding method choice. A mobile health outreach approach is a resilient model that is person-centered and lends itself well to empower patients to practice self-care. The findings and lessons learned may be helpful in guiding future mobile health outreach programs in family planning and other services conducive to an out of clinic model, particularly as a response to overburdened health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranvir Kaur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Family Planning Services and Research, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Eva Lathrop
- Population Services International 1120 19th Street Northwest, Suite 600, Washington, District of Columbia
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Burbano Lombana DA, Zino L, Butail S, Caroppo E, Jiang ZP, Rizzo A, Porfiri M. Activity-driven network modeling and control of the spread of two concurrent epidemic strains. APPLIED NETWORK SCIENCE 2022; 7:66. [PMID: 36186912 PMCID: PMC9514203 DOI: 10.1007/s41109-022-00507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The emergency generated by the current COVID-19 pandemic has claimed millions of lives worldwide. There have been multiple waves across the globe that emerged as a result of new variants, due to arising from unavoidable mutations. The existing network toolbox to study epidemic spreading cannot be readily adapted to the study of multiple, coexisting strains. In this context, particularly lacking are models that could elucidate re-infection with the same strain or a different strain-phenomena that we are seeing experiencing more and more with COVID-19. Here, we establish a novel mathematical model to study the simultaneous spreading of two strains over a class of temporal networks. We build on the classical susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed model, by incorporating additional states that account for infections and re-infections with multiple strains. The temporal network is based on the activity-driven network paradigm, which has emerged as a model of choice to study dynamic processes that unfold at a time scale comparable to the network evolution. We draw analytical insight from the dynamics of the stochastic network systems through a mean-field approach, which allows for characterizing the onset of different behavioral phenotypes (non-epidemic, epidemic, and endemic). To demonstrate the practical use of the model, we examine an intermittent stay-at-home containment strategy, in which a fraction of the population is randomly required to isolate for a fixed period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alberto Burbano Lombana
- Center for Urban Science and Progress, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 370 Jay Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Six MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Lorenzo Zino
- Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sachit Butail
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - Emanuele Caroppo
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Unit Roma 2, 00159 Rome, Italy
- University Research Center He.R.A., Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Zhong-Ping Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 370 Jay Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Institute for Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Six MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
| | - Maurizio Porfiri
- Center for Urban Science and Progress, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 370 Jay Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Six MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Six MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
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