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Cheng S, Wang H, Kang X, Zhang H. Immunotherapy Innovations in the Fight against Osteosarcoma: Emerging Strategies and Promising Progress. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:251. [PMID: 38399305 PMCID: PMC10892906 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive elements within the tumor microenvironment are the primary drivers of tumorigenesis and malignant advancement. The presence, as well as the crosstalk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), osteosarcoma-associated macrophages (OS-Ms), regulatory T cells (Tregs), and endothelial cells (ECs) with osteosarcoma cells cause the poor prognosis of OS. In addition, the consequent immunosuppressive factors favor the loss of treatment potential. Nanoparticles offer a means to dynamically and locally manipulate immuno-nanoparticles, which present a promising strategy for transforming OS-TME. Additionally, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology is effective in combating OS. This review summarizes the essential mechanisms of immunosuppressive cells in the OS-TME and the current immune-associated strategies. The last part highlights the limitations of existing therapies and offers insights into future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigao Cheng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuejia Kang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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2
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André AS, Moutinho I, Dias JNR, Aires-da-Silva F. In vivo Phage Display: A promising selection strategy for the improvement of antibody targeting and drug delivery properties. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:962124. [PMID: 36225354 PMCID: PMC9549074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.962124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of hybridoma technology, described by Kohler and Milstein in 1975, and the resulting ability to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) initiated a new era in antibody research and clinical development. However, limitations of the hybridoma technology as a routine antibody generation method in conjunction with high immunogenicity responses have led to the development of alternative approaches for the streamlined identification of most effective antibodies. Within this context, display selection technologies such as phage display, ribosome display, yeast display, bacterial display, and mammalian cell surface display have been widely promoted over the past three decades as ideal alternatives to traditional hybridoma methods. The display of antibodies on phages is probably the most widespread and powerful of these methods and, since its invention in late 1980s, significant technological advancements in the design, construction, and selection of antibody libraries have been made, and several fully human antibodies generated by phage display are currently approved or in various clinical development stages. With evolving novel disease targets and the emerging of a new generation of therapeutic antibodies, such as bispecific antibodies, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies, it is clear that phage display is expected to continue to play a central role in antibody development. Nevertheless, for non-standard and more demanding cases aiming to generate best-in-class therapeutic antibodies against challenging targets and unmet medical needs, in vivo phage display selections by which phage libraries are directly injected into animals or humans for isolating and identifying the phages bound to specific tissues offer an advantage over conventional in vitro phage display screening procedures. Thus, in the present review, we will first summarize a general overview of the antibody therapeutic market, the different types of antibody fragments, and novel engineered variants that have already been explored. Then, we will discuss the state-of-the-art of in vivo phage display methodologies as a promising emerging selection strategy for improvement antibody targeting and drug delivery properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S. André
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isa Moutinho
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana N. R. Dias
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Frederico Aires-da-Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para Ciência Animal e Veterinária (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Frederico Aires-da-Silva,
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3
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Ramírez-Chacón A, Betriu-Méndez S, Bartoló-Ibars A, González A, Martí M, Juan M. Ligand-based CAR-T cell: Different strategies to drive T cells in future new treatments. Front Immunol 2022; 13:932559. [PMID: 36172370 PMCID: PMC9511026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based therapies are presented as innovative treatments for multiple malignancies. Despite their clinical success, there is scientific evidence of the limitations of these therapies mainly due to immunogenicity issues, toxicities associated with the infusion of the product, and relapses of the tumor. As a result, novel approaches are appearing aiming to solve and/or mitigate the harmful effects of CAR-T therapies. These include strategies based on the use of ligands as binding moieties or ligand-based CAR-T cells. Several proposals are currently under development, with some undergoing clinical trials to assess their potential benefits. In addition to these, therapies such as chimeric autoantibody receptor (CAAR), B-cell receptor antigen for reverse targeting (BAR), and even chimeric human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody receptor (CHAR) have emerged, benefiting from the advantages of antigenic ligands as antibody-binding motifs. This review focuses on the potential role that ligands can play in current and future antitumor treatments and in other types of diseases, such as autoimmune diseases or problems associated with transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ramírez-Chacón
- Immunology Unit, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (IBB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Sergi Betriu-Méndez
- Immunology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) – Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB) Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Bartoló-Ibars
- Immunology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) – Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB) Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena González
- Immunology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) – Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB) Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Martí
- Immunology Unit, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (IBB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Manel Juan
- Immunology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) – Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB) Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manel Juan,
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Hashimoto S, Hashimoto A, Muromoto R, Kitai Y, Oritani K, Matsuda T. Central Roles of STAT3-Mediated Signals in Onset and Development of Cancers: Tumorigenesis and Immunosurveillance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162618. [PMID: 36010693 PMCID: PMC9406645 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the time of Rudolf Virchow in the 19th century, it has been well-known that cancer-associated inflammation contributes to tumor initiation and progression. However, it remains unclear whether a collapse of the balance between the antitumor immune response via the immunological surveillance system and protumor immunity due to cancer-related inflammation is responsible for cancer malignancy. The majority of inflammatory signals affect tumorigenesis by activating signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-κB. Persistent STAT3 activation in malignant cancer cells mediates extremely widespread functions, including cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, and invasion and contributes to an increase in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. In addition, intracellular STAT3 activation in immune cells causes suppressive effects on antitumor immunity and leads to the differentiation and mobilization of immature myeloid-derived cells and tumor-associated macrophages. In many cancer types, STAT3 does not directly rely on its activation by oncogenic mutations but has important oncogenic and malignant transformation-associated functions in both cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We have reported a series of studies aiming towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the proliferation of various types of tumors involving signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 as an adaptor molecule that modulates STAT3 activity, and we recently found that AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a functions as an mRNA stabilizer that orchestrates an immunosuppressive TME in malignant mesenchymal tumors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the functional role of STAT3 in tumor progression and introduce novel molecular mechanisms of cancer development and malignant transformation involving STAT3 activation that we have identified to date. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for cancer that target the signaling pathway to augment STAT3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Hashimoto
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Ari Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ryuta Muromoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.M.)
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5
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Xu P, Ghosh S, Gul AR, Bhamore JR, Park JP, Park TJ. Screening of specific binding peptides using phage-display techniques and their biosensing applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Targeting Tumors Using Peptides. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040808. [PMID: 32069856 PMCID: PMC7070747 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To penetrate solid tumors, low molecular weight (Mw < 10 KDa) compounds have an edge over antibodies: their higher penetration because of their small size. Because of the dense stroma and high interstitial fluid pressure of solid tumors, the penetration of higher Mw compounds is unfavored and being small thus becomes an advantage. This review covers a wide range of peptidic ligands—linear, cyclic, macrocyclic and cyclotidic peptides—to target tumors: We describe the main tools to identify peptides experimentally, such as phage display, and the possible chemical modifications to enhance the properties of the identified peptides. We also review in silico identification of peptides and the most salient non-peptidic ligands in clinical stages. We later focus the attention on the current validated ligands available to target different tumor compartments: blood vessels, extracelullar matrix, and tumor associated macrophages. The clinical advances and failures of these ligands and their therapeutic conjugates will be discussed. We aim to present the reader with the state-of-the-art in targeting tumors, by using low Mw molecules, and the tools to identify new ligands.
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7
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Chen Z, Chen X, Xie R, Huang M, Dong W, Han J, Zhang J, Zhou Q, Li H, Huang J, Lin T. DANCR Promotes Metastasis and Proliferation in Bladder Cancer Cells by Enhancing IL-11-STAT3 Signaling and CCND1 Expression. Mol Ther 2019; 27:326-341. [PMID: 30660488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for patients with bladder cancer (BCa) with lymph node (LN) metastasis is poor, and it is not improved by current treatments. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the pathology of various tumors, including BCa. However, the role of Differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) in BCa LN metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we discover that DANCR was significantly upregulated in BCa tissues and cases with LN metastasis. DANCR expression was positively correlated with LN metastasis status, tumor stage, histological grade, and poor patient prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that DANCR promoted BCa cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in vitro and enhanced tumor LN metastasis and growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that DANCR activated IL-11-STAT3 signaling and increased cyclin D1 and PLAU expression via guiding leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing (LRPPRC) to stabilize mRNA. Moreover, oncogenesis facilitated by DANCR was attenuated by anti-IL-11 antibody or a STAT3 inhibitor (BP-1-102). In conclusion, our findings indicate that DANCR induces BCa LN metastasis and proliferation via an LRPPRC-mediated mRNA stabilization mechanism. DANCR may serve as a multi-potency target for clinical intervention in LN-metastatic BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Ruihui Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jinli Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jingtong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qianghua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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8
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Jiang T, Huang Z, Zhang S, Zou W, Xiang L, Wu X, Shen Y, Liu W, Zeng Z, Zhao A, Zhou S, Zeng Q. miR‑23b inhibits proliferation of SMMC‑7721 cells by directly targeting IL‑11. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1591-1599. [PMID: 29901200 PMCID: PMC6072194 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality in the 21st century. microRNA (miR)‑23b has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. However, the role of miR‑23b in HCC remains unclear. The present study revealed a negative correlation between miR‑23b expression in HCC tissues and progression of carcinomas. Compared to normal tissues, miR‑23b expression was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues, whereas the expression of interleukin (IL)‑11 and IL‑11 receptor α (IL‑11Rα) was significantly upregulated, indicating that miR‑23b expression is negatively correlated with IL‑11 and IL‑11Rα expression. In addition, miR‑23b inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of SMMC‑7721 cells. This effect was mediated by IL‑11, which was found to be the direct target of miR‑23b in this study. These results indicated that miR‑23b regulates IL‑11 and IL‑11Rα expression, and might act as an anti‑oncogenic agent in the progression of HCC by directly downregulating IL‑11 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Jiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Zou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Shen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Ansu Zhao
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Qingfan Zeng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
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9
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BMTP-11 is active in preclinical models of human osteosarcoma and a candidate targeted drug for clinical translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8065-8070. [PMID: 28698375 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1704173114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma occurs predominantly in children and young adults. High-grade tumors require multidisciplinary treatment consisting of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings, along with surgical intervention. Despite this approach, death from respiratory failure secondary to the development and progression of pulmonary metastases remains a significant problem. Here, we identify the IL-11 receptor α subunit (IL-11Rα) as a cell surface marker of tumor progression that correlates with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. We also show that both IL-11Rα and its ligand, IL-11, are specifically up-regulated in human metastatic osteosarcoma cell lines; engagement of this autocrine loop leads to tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. Consistently, IL-11Rα promotes lung colonization by human metastatic osteosarcoma cells in vivo in an orthotopic mouse model. Finally, we evaluate the IL-11Rα-targeted proapoptotic agent bone metastasis-targeting peptidomimetic (BMTP-11) in preclinical models of primary intratibial osteosarcomas, observing marked inhibition of both tumor growth and lung metastases. This effect was enhanced when BMTP-11 was combined with the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Our combined data support the development of approaches targeting IL-11Rα, and establish BMTP-11 as a leading drug candidate for clinical translation in patients with high-risk osteosarcoma.
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10
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Kolonin MG, Sergeeva A, Staquicini DI, Smith TL, Tarleton CA, Molldrem JJ, Sidman RL, Marchiò S, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Interaction between Tumor Cell Surface Receptor RAGE and Proteinase 3 Mediates Prostate Cancer Metastasis to Bone. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3144-3150. [PMID: 28428279 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human prostate cancer often metastasizes to bone, but the biological basis for such site-specific tropism remains largely unresolved. Recent work led us to hypothesize that this tropism may reflect pathogenic interactions between RAGE, a cell surface receptor expressed on malignant cells in advanced prostate cancer, and proteinase 3 (PR3), a serine protease present in inflammatory neutrophils and hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow microenvironment. In this study, we establish that RAGE-PR3 interaction mediates homing of prostate cancer cells to the bone marrow. PR3 bound to RAGE on the surface of prostate cancer cells in vitro, inducing tumor cell motility through a nonproteolytic signal transduction cascade involving activation and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1. In preclinical models of experimental metastasis, ectopic expression of RAGE on human prostate cancer cells was sufficient to promote bone marrow homing within a short timeframe. Our findings demonstrate how RAGE-PR3 interactions between human prostate cancer cells and the bone marrow microenvironment mediate bone metastasis during prostate cancer progression, with potential implications for prognosis and therapeutic intervention. Cancer Res; 77(12); 3144-50. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
| | - Anna Sergeeva
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniela I Staquicini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Tracey L Smith
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Christy A Tarleton
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Jeffrey J Molldrem
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Serena Marchiò
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Center-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico. .,Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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11
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Saeed AFUH, Wang R, Ling S, Wang S. Antibody Engineering for Pursuing a Healthier Future. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:495. [PMID: 28400756 PMCID: PMC5368232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the development of antibody-production techniques, a number of immunoglobulins have been developed on a large scale using conventional methods. Hybridoma technology opened a new horizon in the production of antibodies against target antigens of infectious pathogens, malignant diseases including autoimmune disorders, and numerous potent toxins. However, these clinical humanized or chimeric murine antibodies have several limitations and complexities. Therefore, to overcome these difficulties, recent advances in genetic engineering techniques and phage display technique have allowed the production of highly specific recombinant antibodies. These engineered antibodies have been constructed in the hunt for novel therapeutic drugs equipped with enhanced immunoprotective abilities, such as engaging immune effector functions, effective development of fusion proteins, efficient tumor and tissue penetration, and high-affinity antibodies directed against conserved targets. Advanced antibody engineering techniques have extensive applications in the fields of immunology, biotechnology, diagnostics, and therapeutic medicines. However, there is limited knowledge regarding dynamic antibody development approaches. Therefore, this review extends beyond our understanding of conventional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, recent advances in antibody engineering techniques together with antibody fragments, display technologies, immunomodulation, and broad applications of antibodies are discussed to enhance innovative antibody production in pursuit of a healthier future for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah F U H Saeed
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Sumei Ling
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, and School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
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12
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Liu R, Li X, Xiao W, Lam KS. Tumor-targeting peptides from combinatorial libraries. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 110-111:13-37. [PMID: 27210583 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major and leading causes of death worldwide. Two of the greatest challenges in fighting cancer are early detection and effective treatments with no or minimum side effects. Widespread use of targeted therapies and molecular imaging in clinics requires high affinity, tumor-specific agents as effective targeting vehicles to deliver therapeutics and imaging probes to the primary or metastatic tumor sites. Combinatorial libraries such as phage-display and one-bead one-compound (OBOC) peptide libraries are powerful approaches in discovering tumor-targeting peptides. This review gives an overview of different combinatorial library technologies that have been used for the discovery of tumor-targeting peptides. Examples of tumor-targeting peptides identified from each combinatorial library method will be discussed. Published tumor-targeting peptide ligands and their applications will also be summarized by the combinatorial library methods and their corresponding binding receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Xiaocen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Wenwu Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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13
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Yao VJ, D'Angelo S, Butler KS, Theron C, Smith TL, Marchiò S, Gelovani JG, Sidman RL, Dobroff AS, Brinker CJ, Bradbury ARM, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Ligand-targeted theranostic nanomedicines against cancer. J Control Release 2016; 240:267-286. [PMID: 26772878 PMCID: PMC5444905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines have significant potential for cancer treatment. Although the majority of nanomedicines currently tested in clinical trials utilize simple, biocompatible liposome-based nanocarriers, their widespread use is limited by non-specificity and low target site concentration and thus, do not provide a substantial clinical advantage over conventional, systemic chemotherapy. In the past 20years, we have identified specific receptors expressed on the surfaces of tumor endothelial and perivascular cells, tumor cells, the extracellular matrix and stromal cells using combinatorial peptide libraries displayed on bacteriophage. These studies corroborate the notion that unique receptor proteins such as IL-11Rα, GRP78, EphA5, among others, are differentially overexpressed in tumors and present opportunities to deliver tumor-specific therapeutic drugs. By using peptides that bind to tumor-specific cell-surface receptors, therapeutic agents such as apoptotic peptides, suicide genes, imaging dyes or chemotherapeutics can be precisely and systemically delivered to reduce tumor growth in vivo, without harming healthy cells. Given the clinical applicability of peptide-based therapeutics, targeted delivery of nanocarriers loaded with therapeutic cargos seems plausible. We propose a modular design of a functionalized protocell in which a tumor-targeting moiety, such as a peptide or recombinant human antibody single chain variable fragment (scFv), is conjugated to a lipid bilayer surrounding a silica-based nanocarrier core containing a protected therapeutic cargo. The functionalized protocell can be tailored to a specific cancer subtype and treatment regimen by exchanging the tumor-targeting moiety and/or therapeutic cargo or used in combination to create unique, theranostic agents. In this review, we summarize the identification of tumor-specific receptors through combinatorial phage display technology and the use of antibody display selection to identify recombinant human scFvs against these tumor-specific receptors. We compare the characteristics of different types of simple and complex nanocarriers, and discuss potential types of therapeutic cargos and conjugation strategies. The modular design of functionalized protocells may improve the efficacy and safety of nanomedicines for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia J Yao
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Sara D'Angelo
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Kimberly S Butler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Christophe Theron
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Tracey L Smith
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Serena Marchiò
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, 10060, Italy
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Andrey S Dobroff
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - C Jeffrey Brinker
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Self-Assembled Materials Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
| | - Andrew R M Bradbury
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratories, Los Alamos, NM, 87545
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131; Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131.
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Sarangthem V, Kim Y, Singh TD, Seo BY, Cheon SH, Lee YJ, Lee BH, Park RW. Multivalent Targeting Based Delivery of Therapeutic Peptide using AP1-ELP Carrier for Effective Cancer Therapy. Theranostics 2016; 6:2235-2249. [PMID: 27924160 PMCID: PMC5135405 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)-based drug delivery has been utilized for various applications
including cancer therapies for many years. Genetic incorporation of internalization ligands and
cell-targeting peptides along with ELP polymer enhanced tumor accumulation and retention time
as well as stability and activities of the drug conjugates. Herein, we described a unique
delivery system comprised of genetically engineered ELP incorporated with multiple copies of
IL-4 receptor targeting peptide (AP1) periodically and proapoptotic peptide
(KLAKLAK)2 referred to as AP1-ELP-KLAK. It triggered thermal-responsive
self-assembly into a nanoparticle-like structure at physiological body temperature and
stabilized its helical conformation, which is critical for its membrane-disrupting activities.
Increased IL-4 receptor specific cellular internalization was associated with the enhanced
cytotoxic effect of (KLAKLAK)2 peptide. Additionally, multivalent presentation of
targeting ligands by AP1-ELP-KLAK significantly enhanced intratumoral localization and
prolonged the retention time compared to ELP-KLAK, non-targeted control. Systemic
administration of AP1-ELP-KLAK significantly inhibited tumor growth by provoking cell apoptosis
in various tumor xenograft models without any specific organ toxicity. Thus, our newly designed
AP1-ELP-KLAK polymer nanoparticle is a promising candidate for effective cancer therapy and due
to the simple preparative procedures of ELPs, this platform can be used as a good carrier for
tumor-specific delivery of other therapeutics.
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15
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Wang Z, Li B, Ren Y, Ye Z. T-Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Osteosarcoma: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Immunol 2016; 7:353. [PMID: 27683579 PMCID: PMC5021687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though combining surgery with chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, advanced, metastatic, or recurrent osteosarcomas are often non-responsive to chemotherapy, making development of novel efficient therapeutic methods an urgent need. Adoptive immunotherapy has the potential to be a useful non-surgical modality for treatment of osteosarcoma. Recently, alternative strategies, including immunotherapies using naturally occurring or genetically modified T cells, have been found to hold promise in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. In this review, we will discuss possible T-cell-based therapies against osteosarcoma with a special emphasis on combination strategies to improve the effectiveness of adoptive T cell transfer and, thus, to provide a rationale for the clinical development of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yingqing Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
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16
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Silva RA, Giordano RJ, Gutierrez PS, Rocha VZ, Rudnicki M, Kee P, Abdalla DSP, Puech-Leão P, Caramelli B, Arap W, Pasqualini R, Meneghetti JC, Marques FLN, Khoobchandani M, Katti KV, Lugão AB, Kalil J. CTHRSSVVC Peptide as a Possible Early Molecular Imaging Target for Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091383. [PMID: 27563889 PMCID: PMC5037663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our work was to select phages displaying peptides capable of binding to vascular markers present in human atheroma, and validate their capacity to target the vascular markers in vitro and in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr(-/-)) mouse model of atherosclerosis. By peptide fingerprinting on human atherosclerotic tissues, we selected and isolated four different peptides sequences, which bind to atherosclerotic lesions and share significant similarity to known human proteins with prominent roles in atherosclerosis. The CTHRSSVVC-phage peptide displayed the strongest reactivity with human carotid atherosclerotic lesions (p < 0.05), when compared to tissues from normal carotid arteries. This peptide sequence shares similarity to a sequence present in the fifth scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain of CD163, which appeared to bind to CD163, and subsequently, was internalized by macrophages. Moreover, the CTHRSSVVC-phage targets atherosclerotic lesions of a low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr(-/-)) mouse model of atherosclerosis in vivo to High-Fat diet group versus Control group. Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-CTHRSSVVC peptide (DOTA-CTHRSSVVC) was synthesized and labeled with (111)InCl₃ in >95% yield as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), to validate the binding of the peptide in atherosclerotic plaque specimens. The results supported our hypothesis that CTHRSSVVC peptide has a remarkable sequence for the development of theranostics approaches in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemeire A Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo J Giordano
- Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Paulo S Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Pathology, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Viviane Z Rocha
- Clinical Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Martina Rudnicki
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Patrick Kee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Dulcinéia S P Abdalla
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Puech-Leão
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Caramelli
- Clinical Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - José C Meneghetti
- Medicine Nuclear Service and Molecular Image, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Fabio L N Marques
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (LIM43), São Paulo 05403-911, Brazil.
| | - Menka Khoobchandani
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Institute of Green Nanotechnology, Department of Radiology and Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Ademar B Lugão
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN/CNEN/São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
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17
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Rana N, Huang S, Patel P, Samuni U, Sabatino D. Synthesis, characterization and anti-cancer activity of a peptide nucleolipid bioconjugate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3567-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Gene therapy has been proposed as a means to combat cancer. However, systemic toxicity observed in preclinical trials suggested the importance of selectively targeted delivery and inducible gene expression in tumor tissues. Discovery of radiation-inducible promoter sequences provides one way to minimize inadvertent toxicity from gene therapy in normal tissues. Radiation is administered to selectively induce cytotoxic gene expression in the targeted tumor tissues. With promising results from phase II clinical trials using TNF-expressing adenovirus, it is possible to have radiation-guided gene therapy regimes once the tumor-targeted delivery has been achieved. Tumor endothelium is an attractive biological target for gene therapy, because it has the advantage of stability, accessibility, and bioavailability for therapeutic agents. Technological development of DNA microarray, proteomic profiling, and phage-displayed libraries accelerates the identification of tumor-specific endothelial biomarkers and discovery of its relevant affinity reagents for targeted delivery. The application of radiation-guided gene delivery, its amplification, as well as expression of gene therapy presents great opportunities to be employed as an alternative cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 1161 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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19
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Wu Q, He Y, Gu C, Jiang J, Zhou H, Zhou S. Binding Specificity of Radiolabeled Cyclic Peptide 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) to MHCC97-H Human Liver Cancer Cells and its Antitumor Effects in vivo. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 15:NP1-NP9. [PMID: 26376696 DOI: 10.1177/1533034615604785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the radiolabeled cyclic peptide 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) on MHCC97-H human liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The protein expression levels were examined by Western blot analysis. Biological activity of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) was assessed with the radioligand binding assay and competitive inhibition experiment. Subcellular localization of the cyclic peptide was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Animals were implanted with MHCC97-H cells and administered with 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC). Hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the effects of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) on implanted tumors. Result: The expression levels of interleukin 11 receptor were significantly elevated, by 2-to 5-fold, in tumor cell lines, especially for MHCC97-H cells. Characterization of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) showed that the biological activity of the cyclic peptide was not altered after labeling, and the radiolabeled cyclic peptide exhibited sufficient binding affinity to interleukin 11 receptor . The cyclic peptide of c(CGRRAGGSC) was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane of MHCC97-H cells. The in vivo experiments showed that the tumor growth was significantly inhibited by the treatment of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC). The inhibitory effect of 153Sm-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC) on tumor growth was further confirmed by Hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the expression levels of interleukin 11 receptor in implanted tumors were significantly decreased in the treatment groups. Conclusion: 153Sm-DTPA-c (CGRRAGGSC) could specifically bind to interleukin 11 receptor on MHCC97-H liver tumor cells, inhibiting the cell proliferation and inducing cellular apoptosis. These findings provide experimental evidence for the development of individual treatment of liver cancers, as well as recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujie He
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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20
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Cardó-Vila M, Marchiò S, Sato M, Staquicini FI, Smith TL, Bronk JK, Yin G, Zurita AJ, Sun M, Behrens C, Sidman RL, Lee JJ, Hong WK, Wistuba II, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Interleukin-11 Receptor Is a Candidate Target for Ligand-Directed Therapy in Lung Cancer: Analysis of Clinical Samples and BMTP-11 Preclinical Activity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2162-2170. [PMID: 27317903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously isolated an IL-11-mimic motif (CGRRAGGSC) that binds to IL-11 receptor (IL-11R) in vitro and accumulates in IL-11R-expressing tumors in vivo. This synthetic peptide ligand was used as a tumor-targeting moiety in the rational design of BMTP-11, which is a drug candidate in clinical trials. Here, we investigated the specificity and accessibility of IL-11R as a target and the efficacy of BMTP-11 as a ligand-targeted drug in lung cancer. We observed high IL-11R expression levels in a large cohort of patients (n = 368). In matching surgical specimens (i.e., paired tumors and nonmalignant tissues), the cytoplasmic levels of IL-11R in tumor areas were significantly higher than in nonmalignant tissues (n = 36; P = 0.003). Notably, marked overexpression of IL-11R was observed in both tumor epithelial and vascular endothelial cell membranes (n = 301; P < 0.0001). BMTP-11 induced in vitro cell death in a representative panel of human lung cancer cell lines. BMTP-11 treatment attenuated the growth of subcutaneous xenografts and reduced the number of pulmonary tumors after tail vein injection of human lung cancer cells in mice. Our findings validate BMTP-11 as a pharmacologic candidate drug in preclinical models of lung cancer and patient-derived tumors. Moreover, the high expression level in patients with non-small cell lung cancer is a promising feature for potential translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cardó-Vila
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Serena Marchiò
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Masanori Sato
- First Surgery Department, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Fernanda I Staquicini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Tracey L Smith
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Julianna K Bronk
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Guosheng Yin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amado J Zurita
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Menghong Sun
- Tissue Bank and Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Waun K Hong
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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21
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The role of IL-11 in immunity and cancer. Cancer Lett 2016; 373:156-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Abstract
IL-11 is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines. While it was discovered over 20 years ago, we have very little understanding of the role of IL-11 during normal homeostasis and disease. Recently, IL-11 has gained interest for its newly recognized role in the pathogenesis of diseases that are attributed to deregulated mucosal homeostasis, including gastrointestinal cancers. IL-11 can increase the tumorigenic capacity of cells, including survival of the cell or origin, proliferation of cancerous cells and survival of metastatic cells at distant organs. Here we outline our current understanding of IL-11 biology and recent advances in our understanding of its role in cancer. We advocate that inhibition of IL-11 signaling may represent an emerging therapeutic opportunity for numerous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Putoczki
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research & Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia
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23
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Zhang X, Wu H, Dobson JR, Browne G, Hong D, Akech J, Languino LR, Stein JL, Stein GS, Lian JB. Expression of the IL-11 Gene in Metastatic Cells Is Supported by Runx2-Smad and Runx2-cJun Complexes Induced by TGFβ1. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:2098-108. [PMID: 25808168 PMCID: PMC4515199 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In tumor cells, two factors are abnormally increased that contribute to metastatic bone disease: Runx2, a transcription factor that promotes expression of metastasis related and osteolytic genes; and IL-11, a secreted osteolytic cytokine. Here, we addressed a compelling question: Does Runx2 regulate IL-11 gene expression? We find a positive correlation between Runx2, IL-11 and TGFβ1, a driver of the vicious cycle of metastatic bone disease, in prostate cancer (PC) cell lines representing early (LNCaP) and late (PC3) stage disease. Further, like Runx2 knockdown, IL-11 knockdown significantly reduced expression of several osteolytic factors. Modulation of Runx2 expression results in corresponding changes in IL-11 expression. The IL-11 gene has Runx2, AP-1 sites and Smad binding elements located on the IL-11 promoter. Here, we demonstrated that Runx2-c-Jun as well as Runx2-Smad complexes upregulate IL-11 expression. Functional studies identified a significant loss of IL-11 expression in PC3 cells in the presence of the Runx2-HTY mutant protein, a mutation that disrupts Runx2-Smad signaling. In response to TGFβ1 and in the presence of Runx2, we observed a 30-fold induction of IL-11 expression, accompanied by increased c-Jun binding to the IL-11 promoter. Immunoprecipitation and in situ co-localization studies demonstrated that Runx2 and c-Jun form nuclear complexes in PC3 cells. Thus, TGFβ1 signaling induces two independent transcriptional pathways - AP-1 and Runx2. These transcriptional activators converge on IL-11 as a result of Runx2-Smad and Runx2-c-Jun interactions to amplify IL-11 gene expression that, together with Runx2, supports the osteolytic pathology of cancer induced bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hai Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jason R. Dobson
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Gillian Browne
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Deli Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jacqueline Akech
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lucia R. Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program and Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Janet L. Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Gary S. Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jane B. Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA
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24
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Johnstone CN, Chand A, Putoczki TL, Ernst M. Emerging roles for IL-11 signaling in cancer development and progression: Focus on breast cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015. [PMID: 26209885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-11 is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines that is defined by the shared use of the GP130 signal transducing receptor subunit. In addition of its long recognized activities as a hemopoietic growth factor, IL-11 has an emerging role in epithelial cancer biology. Through the activation of the GP130-Janus kinase signaling cascade and associated transcription factor STAT3, IL-11 can confer many of the tumor intrinsic 'hallmark' capabilities to neoplastic cells, if they express the ligand-specific IL-11Rα receptor subunit. Accordingly, IL-11 signaling has recently been identified as a rate-limiting step for the growth tumors arising from the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. However, there is less appreciation for a potential role of IL-11 to support breast cancer progression, apart from its well documented capacity to facilitate bone metastasis. Here we review evidence that IL-11 expression in breast cancer correlates with poor disease outcome and discuss some of the molecular mechanisms that are likely to underpin these observations. These include the capacity of IL-11 to stimulate survival and proliferation of cancer cells alongside angiogenesis of the primary tumor and of metastatic progenies at distant organs. We review current strategies to interfere with IL-11 signaling and advocate that inhibition of IL-11 signaling may represent an emerging therapeutic opportunity for numerous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron N Johnstone
- Cancer & Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Level 5, Olivia Newton-John Cancer & Wellness Centre, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, LaTrobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Ashwini Chand
- Cancer & Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Level 5, Olivia Newton-John Cancer & Wellness Centre, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, LaTrobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Tracy L Putoczki
- Inflammation Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Cancer & Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Level 5, Olivia Newton-John Cancer & Wellness Centre, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, LaTrobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia.
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25
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Nguyen PM, Putoczki TL, Ernst M. STAT3-Activating Cytokines: A Therapeutic Opportunity for Inflammatory Bowel Disease? J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:340-50. [PMID: 25760898 PMCID: PMC4426323 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells that secrete mucus toward the lumen, which collectively separates the immune sentinels in the underlying lamina propria from the intestinal microflora to prevent aberrant immune responses. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) describes a group of autoimmune diseases that arise from defects in epithelial barrier function and, as a consequence, aberrant production of inflammatory cytokines. Among these, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11, and IL-22 are elevated in human IBD patients and corresponding mouse models and, through activation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway, can both propagate and ameliorate disease. In particular, cytokine-mediated activation of STAT3 in the epithelial lining cells affords cellular protection, survival, and proliferation, thereby affording therapeutic opportunities for the prevention and treatment of colitis. In this review, we focus on recent insights gained from therapeutic modulation of the activities of IL-6, IL-11, and IL-22 in models of IBD and advocate a cautionary approach with these cytokines to minimize their tumor-promoting activities on neoplastic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Nguyen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tracy L. Putoczki
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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26
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Pasqualini R, Millikan RE, Christianson DR, Cardó-Vila M, Driessen WHP, Giordano RJ, Hajitou A, Hoang AG, Wen S, Barnhart KF, Baze WB, Marcott VD, Hawke DH, Do KA, Navone NM, Efstathiou E, Troncoso P, Lobb RR, Logothetis CJ, Arap W. Targeting the interleukin-11 receptor α in metastatic prostate cancer: A first-in-man study. Cancer 2015; 121:2411-21. [PMID: 25832466 PMCID: PMC4490036 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptors in tumor blood vessels are attractive targets for ligand-directed drug discovery and development. The authors have worked systematically to map human endothelial receptors (“vascular zip codes”) within tumors through direct peptide library selection in cancer patients. Previously, they selected a ligand-binding motif to the interleukin-11 receptor alpha (IL-11Rα) in the human vasculature. METHODS The authors generated a ligand-directed, peptidomimetic drug (bone metastasis-targeting peptidomimetic-11 [BMTP-11]) for IL-11Rα–based human tumor vascular targeting. Preclinical studies (efficacy/toxicity) included evaluating BMTP-11 in prostate cancer xenograft models, drug localization, targeted apoptotic effects, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analyses, and dose-range determination, including formal (good laboratory practice) toxicity across rodent and nonhuman primate species. The initial BMTP-11 clinical development also is reported based on a single-institution, open-label, first-in-class, first-in-man trial (National Clinical Trials number NCT00872157) in patients with metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. RESULTS BMTP-11 was preclinically promising and, thus, was chosen for clinical development in patients. Limited numbers of patients who had castrate-resistant prostate cancer with osteoblastic bone metastases were enrolled into a phase 0 trial with biology-driven endpoints. The authors demonstrated biopsy-verified localization of BMTP-11 to tumors in the bone marrow and drug-induced apoptosis in all patients. Moreover, the maximum tolerated dose was identified on a weekly schedule (20-30 mg/m2). Finally, a renal dose-limiting toxicity was determined, namely, dose-dependent, reversible nephrotoxicity with proteinuria and casts involving increased serum creatinine. CONCLUSIONS These biologic endpoints establish BMTP-11 as a targeted drug candidate in metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Within a larger discovery context, the current findings indicate that functional tumor vascular ligand-receptor targeting systems may be identified through direct combinatorial selection of peptide libraries in cancer patients. Cancer 2015;121:2411–2421. © 2015 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. The authors report on the development of a new ligand-directed peptidomimetic (termed bone metastasis-targeting peptidomimetic-11) for interleukin-11 receptor-based human vascular targeting, including the translation from preclinical studies to a first-in-class, first-in-man clinical trial in patients with metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Pasqualini
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Randall E Millikan
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dawn R Christianson
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Marina Cardó-Vila
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wouter H P Driessen
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ricardo J Giordano
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amin Hajitou
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anh G Hoang
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kirstin F Barnhart
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wallace B Baze
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Valerie D Marcott
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David H Hawke
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kim-Anh Do
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nora M Navone
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eleni Efstathiou
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patricia Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roy R Lobb
- Alvos Therapeutics, Arrowhead Research Corporation, Pasadena, California
| | - Christopher J Logothetis
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wadih Arap
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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27
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Karjalainen K, Jaalouk DE, Bueso-Ramos C, Bover L, Sun Y, Kuniyasu A, Driessen WHP, Cardó-Vila M, Rietz C, Zurita AJ, O'Brien S, Kantarjian HM, Cortes JE, Calin GA, Koivunen E, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Targeting IL11 Receptor in Leukemia and Lymphoma: A Functional Ligand-Directed Study and Hematopathology Analysis of Patient-Derived Specimens. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3041-51. [PMID: 25779950 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-3059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The IL11 receptor (IL11R) is an established molecular target in primary tumors of bone, such as osteosarcoma, and in secondary bone metastases from solid tumors, such as prostate cancer. However, its potential role in management of hematopoietic malignancies has not yet been determined. Here, we evaluated the IL11R as a candidate therapeutic target in human leukemia and lymphoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND RESULTS First, we show that the IL11R protein is expressed in a variety of human leukemia- and lymphoma-derived cell lines and in a large panel of bone marrow samples from leukemia and lymphoma patients, whereas expression is absent from nonmalignant control bone marrow. Moreover, a targeted peptidomimetic prototype (termed BMTP-11), specifically bound to leukemia and lymphoma cell membranes, induced ligand-receptor internalization mediated by the IL11R, and resulted in a specific dose-dependent cell death induction in these cells. Finally, a pilot drug lead-optimization program yielded a new myristoylated BMTP-11 analogue with an apparent improved antileukemia cell profile. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate (i) that the IL11R is a suitable cell surface target for ligand-directed applications in human leukemia and lymphoma and (ii) that BMTP-11 and its derivatives have translational potential against this group of malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Karjalainen
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Biological and Environmental Science, The University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diana E Jaalouk
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carlos Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laura Bover
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Akihiko Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Marina Cardó-Vila
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Cecilia Rietz
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Amado J Zurita
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan O'Brien
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hagop M Kantarjian
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jorge E Cortes
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Erkki Koivunen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, The University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wadih Arap
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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Darmostuk M, Rimpelova S, Gbelcova H, Ruml T. Current approaches in SELEX: An update to aptamer selection technology. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1141-61. [PMID: 25708387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is a well-established and efficient technology for the generation of oligonucleotides with a high target affinity. These SELEX-derived single stranded DNA and RNA molecules, called aptamers, were selected against various targets, such as proteins, cells, microorganisms, chemical compounds etc. They have a great potential in the use as novel antibodies, in cancer theragnostics and in biomedical research. Vast interest in aptamers stimulated continuous development of SELEX, which underwent numerous modifications since its first application in 1990. Novel modifications made the selection process more efficient, cost-effective and significantly less time-consuming. This article brings a comprehensive and up-to-date review of recent advances in SELEX methods and pinpoints advantages, main obstacles and limitations. The post-SELEX strategies and examples of application are also briefly outlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Darmostuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Silvie Rimpelova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Gbelcova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic; Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, Bratislava 811 08, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tomas Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
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29
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Lauer RC, Friend SC, Rietz C, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Drug design strategies for the treatment of prostate cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 10:81-90. [PMID: 25366417 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.978855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While metastatic prostate cancer remains an incurable tumor, remarkable progress has been made with novel drug design strategies for this incurable disease. Several new agents, including hormonal analogues, cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, radionuclides and innovative targeted therapies, have recently been approved by the FDA for use in advanced and/or metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Furthermore, a growing number of new diagnostic or predictive genetic tests have also been incorporated into the management of this disease. Immunotherapy-based approaches have shown promise and have led to drug approvals. Other experimental approaches such as vascular targeting are in early translational clinical trials. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors outline select state-of-the-art approaches in the field. They also discuss the current challenges and future opportunities in the medical care of prostate cancer patients. EXPERT OPINION An inherent challenge in the treatment of prostate cancer is to determine which patients need immediate aggressive treatment versus active surveillance. For patients needing aggressive treatment, integrating the sequence of therapeutic interventions, to provide the most benefit, remains a challenge that clinicians face. Recently, several genetic tests have been approved, facilitating early treatment decisions. Innovative targeted therapies are moving towards clinical applications, providing treatment options for tumors previously considered refractory to androgen ablation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Lauer
- University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UNM CC Molecular Medicine , MSC07 4025, Albuquerque, 87131 , USA
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30
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Ernst M, Putoczki TL. Molecular Pathways: IL11 as a Tumor-Promoting Cytokine—Translational Implications for Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5579-88. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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IL-11Rα: A Novel Target for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 804:285-9. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04843-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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32
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D'Onofrio N, Caraglia M, Grimaldi A, Marfella R, Servillo L, Paolisso G, Balestrieri ML. Vascular-homing peptides for targeted drug delivery and molecular imaging: meeting the clinical challenges. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:1-12. [PMID: 24704283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vasculature of each organ expresses distinct molecular signatures critically influenced by the pathological status. The heterogeneous profile of the vascular beds has been successfully unveiled by the in vivo phage display, a high-throughput tool for mapping normal, diseased, and tumor vasculature. Specific challenges of this growing field are targeted therapies against cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as well as novel bioimaging diagnostic tools. Tumor vasculature-homing peptides have been extensively evaluated in several preclinical and clinical studies both as targeted-therapy and diagnosis. To date, results from several Phase I and II trials have been reported and many other trials are currently ongoing or recruiting patients. In this review, advances in the identification of novel peptide ligands and their corresponding receptors on tumor endothelium through the in vivo phage display technology are discussed. Emphasis is given to recent findings in the clinical setting of vascular-homing peptides selected by in vivo phage display for the treatment of advanced malignancies and their altered vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Grimaldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, via L. de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Taniguchi K, Karin M. IL-6 and related cytokines as the critical lynchpins between inflammation and cancer. Semin Immunol 2014; 26:54-74. [PMID: 24552665 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in cancer development, including tumor initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis. Cytokines are now recognized as important mediators linking inflammation and cancer, and are therefore potential therapeutic and preventive targets as well as prognostic factors. The interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines, especially IL-6 and IL-11, is highly up-regulated in many cancers and considered as one of the most important cytokine families during tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review discusses molecular mechanisms linking the IL-6 cytokine family to solid malignancies and their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Powell Gray
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-8807, United States
| | - Kathlynn C. Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-8807, United States
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Barbu EM, Shirazi F, McGrath DM, Albert N, Sidman RL, Pasqualini R, Arap W, Kontoyiannis DP. An antimicrobial peptidomimetic induces Mucorales cell death through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76981. [PMID: 24098573 PMCID: PMC3789667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of mucormycosis has dramatically increased in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, the array of cellular targets whose inhibition results in fungal cell death is rather limited. Mitochondria have been mechanistically identified as central regulators of detoxification and virulence in fungi. Our group has previously designed and developed a proteolytically-resistant peptidomimetic motif D(KLAKLAK)2 with pleiotropic action ranging from targeted (i.e., ligand-directed) activity against cancer and obesity to non-targeted activity against antibiotic resistant gram-negative rods. Here we evaluated whether this non-targeted peptidomimetic motif is active against Mucorales. We show that D(KLAKLAK)2 has marked fungicidal action, inhibits germination, and reduces hyphal viability. We have also observed cellular changes characteristic of apoptosis in D(KLAKLAK)2-treated Mucorales cells. Moreover, the fungicidal activity was directly correlated with vacuolar injury, mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial membrane depolarization, intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation (ROS), and increased caspase-like enzymatic activity. Finally, these apoptotic features were prevented by the addition of the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine indicating mechanistic pathway specificity. Together, these findings indicate that D(KLAKLAK)2 makes Mucorales exquisitely susceptible via mitochondrial injury-induced apoptosis. This prototype may serve as a candidate drug for the development of translational applications against mucormycosis and perhaps other fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Magda Barbu
- David H. Koch Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Fazal Shirazi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Danielle M. McGrath
- David H. Koch Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Albert
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard L. Sidman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- David H. Koch Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DPK); (WA); (RP)
| | - Wadih Arap
- David H. Koch Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DPK); (WA); (RP)
| | - Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DPK); (WA); (RP)
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Hackett MJ, Zaro JL, Shen WC, Guley PC, Cho MJ. Fatty acids as therapeutic auxiliaries for oral and parenteral formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1331-9. [PMID: 22921839 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs have decreased therapeutic activity due to issues with absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. The co-formulation or covalent attachment of drugs with fatty acids has demonstrated some capacity to overcome these issues by improving intestinal permeability, slowing clearance and binding serum proteins for selective tissue uptake and metabolism. For orally administered drugs, albeit at low level of availability, the presence of fatty acids and triglycerides in the intestinal lumen may promote intestinal uptake of small hydrophilic molecules. Small lipophilic drugs or acylated hydrophilic drugs also show increased lymphatic uptake and enhanced passive diffusional uptake. Fatty acid conjugation of small and large proteins or peptides has exhibited protracted plasma half-lives, site-specific delivery and sustained release upon parenteral administration. These improvements are most likely due to associations with lipid-binding serum proteins, namely albumin, LDL and HDL. These molecular interactions, although not fully characterized, could provide the ability of using the endogenous carrier systems for improving therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hackett
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, School of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, USA
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Rangel R, Dobroff AS, Guzman-Rojas L, Salmeron CC, Gelovani JG, Sidman RL, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Targeting mammalian organelles with internalizing phage (iPhage) libraries. Nat Protoc 2013; 8:1916-39. [PMID: 24030441 PMCID: PMC4309278 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2013.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Techniques that are largely used for protein interaction studies and the discovery of intracellular receptors, such as affinity-capture complex purification and the yeast two-hybrid system, may produce inaccurate data sets owing to protein insolubility, transient or weak protein interactions or irrelevant intracellular context. A versatile tool for overcoming these limitations, as well as for potentially creating vaccines and engineering peptides and antibodies as targeted diagnostic and therapeutic agents, is the phage-display technique. We have recently developed a new technology for screening internalizing phage (iPhage) vectors and libraries using a ligand/receptor-independent mechanism to penetrate eukaryotic cells. iPhage particles provide a unique discovery platform for combinatorial intracellular targeting of organelle ligands along with their corresponding receptors and for fingerprinting functional protein domains in living cells. Here we explain the design, cloning, construction and production of iPhage-based vectors and libraries, along with basic ligand-receptor identification and validation methodologies for organelle receptors. An iPhage library screening can be performed in ∼8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rangel
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Andrey S. Dobroff
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Liliana Guzman-Rojas
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Carolina C. Salmeron
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Juri G. Gelovani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Richard L. Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Bábíčková J, Tóthová Ľ, Boor P, Celec P. In vivo phage display--a discovery tool in molecular biomedicine. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:1247-59. [PMID: 23623852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vivo phage display is a high-throughput method for identifying target ligands specific for different vascular beds. Targeting is possible due to the heterogeneous expression of receptors and other antigens in a particular vascular bed. Such expression is additionally influenced by the physiological or pathological status of the vasculature. In vivo phage display represents a technique that is usable in both, vascular mapping and targeted drug development. In this review, several important methodological aspects of in vivo phage display experiments are discussed. These include choosing an appropriate phage library, an appropriate animal model and the route of phage library administration. In addition, peptides or antibodies identified by in vivo phage display homing to specific types of vascular beds, including the altered vasculature present in several types of diseases are summarized. Still, confirmation in independent experiments and reproduction of identified sequences are needed for enhancing the clinical applicability of in vivo phage display research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Bábíčková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Division of Nephrology, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
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Onnis B, Fer N, Rapisarda A, Perez VS, Melillo G. Autocrine production of IL-11 mediates tumorigenicity in hypoxic cancer cells. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:1615-29. [PMID: 23549086 PMCID: PMC3613900 DOI: 10.1172/jci59623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-11 and its receptor, IL-11Ra, are expressed in human cancers; however, the functional role of IL-11 in tumor progression is not known. We found that IL11 is a hypoxia-inducible, VHL-regulated gene in human cancer cells and that expression of IL11 mRNA was dependent, at least in part, on HIF-1. A cooperative interaction between HIF-1 and AP-1 mediated transcriptional activation of the IL11 promoter. Additionally, we found that human cancer cells expressed a functional IL-11Ra subunit, which triggered signal transduction either by exogenous recombinant human IL-11 or by autocrine production of IL-11 in cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. Silencing of IL11 dramatically abrogated the ability of hypoxia to increase anchorage-independent growth and significantly reduced tumor growth in xenograft models. Notably, these results were phenocopied by partial knockdown of STAT1 in a human prostate cancer cell line (PC3), suggesting that this pathway may play an important role in mediating the effects of IL-11 under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, these results identify IL11 as an oxygen- and VHL-regulated gene and provide evidence of a pathway "hijacked" by hypoxic cancer cells that may contribute to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Onnis
- Developmental Therapeutics Program and
SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole Fer
- Developmental Therapeutics Program and
SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Annamaria Rapisarda
- Developmental Therapeutics Program and
SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Victor S. Perez
- Developmental Therapeutics Program and
SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Giovanni Melillo
- Developmental Therapeutics Program and
SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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40
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Staquicini FI, Pasqualini R, Arap W. Ligand-directed profiling: applications to target drug discovery in cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 4:51-9. [PMID: 23480336 DOI: 10.1517/17460440802628152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generation of targeted therapy remains a major challenge in medicine. The development of drugs that can discriminate between tumor cells and non-malignant cells would improve efficacy and reduce general side effects. Phage display allows identification of specific supramolecular complexes that can target therapeutic compounds or imaging agents, both in vitro and in vivo. The use of phage display to identify molecules expressed on the surface of human cancer cells without bias, as well as to provide initial steps toward identification of a ligand/receptor-based map of the human microvasculature, has broad implications for drug discovery in general, especially for cancer therapy. OBJECTIVE/METHOD In this review, we discuss the use of phage display technology as a ligand-directed targeting strategy and its applications to drug discovery. CONCLUSION Compared to other existing drug discovery platforms, phage display technology has the advantage to provide valuable clues pointing to target proteins in an unbiased biological context. The result from various display library screenings indicates that in many cases the selected peptide motifs mimic biological ligands. Analysis of peptide motifs targeting a receptor provides a basis for rational drug design of targeted peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Staquicini
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA +1 713 792 3872 ; +1 713 745 0201 ;
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41
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Mechanism of action and initial evaluation of a membrane active all-D-enantiomer antimicrobial peptidomimetic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:3477-82. [PMID: 23345420 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221924110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of therapy against infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens is a major unmet need in contemporary medicine. In previous work, our group chemically modified an antimicrobial peptidomimetic motif for targeted applications against cancer and obesity. Here, we show that the modified motif per se is resistant to proteolytic degradation and is a candidate antiinfective agent. We also show that the susceptibility of microorganisms to the drug is independent of bacterial growth phase. Moreover, this peptidomimetic selectively interferes with the integrity and function of the microbial surface lipid bilayer, data indicative that bacterial death results from membrane disruption followed by dissipation of membrane potential. Finally, we demonstrate two potential translational applications: use against biofilms and synergy with antibiotics in use. In summary, we introduce the mechanism of action and the initial evaluation of a prototype drug and a platform for the development of D-enantiomer antimicrobial peptidomimetics that target bacterial membranes of certain gram-negative problem pathogens with promising translational applications.
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42
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León-Novelo LG, Müller P, Arap W, Kolonin M, Sun J, Pasqualini R, Do KA. Semiparametric Bayesian inference for phage display data. Biometrics 2013; 69:174-83. [PMID: 23339534 DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-0420.2012.01817.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We discuss inference for a human phage display experiment with three stages. The data are tripeptide counts by tissue and stage. The primary aim of the experiment is to identify ligands that bind with high affinity to a given tissue. We formalize the research question as inference about the monotonicity of mean counts over stages. The inference goal is then to identify a list of peptide-tissue pairs with significant increase over stages. We use a semiparametric Dirichlet process mixture of Poisson model. The posterior distribution under this model allows the desired inference about the monotonicity of mean counts. However, the desired inference summary as a list of peptide-tissue pairs with significant increase involves a massive multiplicity problem. We consider two alternative approaches to address this multiplicity issue. First we propose an approach based on the control of the posterior expected false discovery rate. We notice that the implied solution ignores the relative size of the increase. This motivates a second approach based on a utility function that includes explicit weights for the size of the increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G León-Novelo
- Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504-1010, USA.
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43
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Gu D, Fan Q, Zhang X, Xie J. A role for transcription factor STAT3 signaling in oncogene smoothened-driven carcinogenesis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:38356-66. [PMID: 22992748 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.377382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is known to drive development of basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastomas and to associate with many other types of cancer, but the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis process remain elusive. We discovered that skin tumors derived from epidermal expression of oncogenic Smo, SmoM2, have elevated levels of IL-11, IL-11Rα, and STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr(705). The relevance of our data to human conditions was reflected by the fact that all human basal cell carcinomas examined have detectable STAT3 phosphorylation, mostly in keratinocytes. The functional relevance of STAT3 in Smo-mediated carcinogenesis was revealed by epidermal specific knockout of STAT3. We showed that removal of STAT3 from mouse epidermis dramatically reduced SmoM2-mediated cell proliferation, leading to a significant decrease in epidermal thickness and tumor development. We also observed a significant reduction of epidermal stem/progenitor cell population and cyclin D1 expression in mice with epidermis-specific knockout of STAT3. Our evidence indicates that STAT3 signaling activation may be mediated by the IL-11/IL-11Rα signaling axis. We showed that tumor development was reduced after induced expression of SmoM2 in IL-11Rα null mice. Similarly, neutralizing antibodies for IL-11 reduced the tumor size. In two Hh-responsive cell lines, ES14 and C3H10T1/2, we found that addition of Smo agonist purmorphamine is sufficient to induce STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr(705), but this effect was abolished after IL-11Rα down-regulation by shRNAs. Taken together, our results support an important role of the IL-11Rα/STAT3 signaling axis for Hh signaling-mediated signaling and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Gu
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Biochemistry/Molecular Biology and Pharmacology/ Toxicology, The Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46074, USA
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Bazan J, Całkosiński I, Gamian A. Phage display--a powerful technique for immunotherapy: 1. Introduction and potential of therapeutic applications. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2012; 8:1817-28. [PMID: 22906939 DOI: 10.4161/hv.21703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most effective molecular diversity techniques is phage display. This technology is based on a direct linkage between phage phenotype and its encapsulated genotype, which leads to presentation of molecule libraries on the phage surface. Phage display is utilized in studying protein-ligand interactions, receptor binding sites and in improving or modifying the affinity of proteins for their binding partners. Generating monoclonal antibodies and improving their affinity, cloning antibodies from unstable hybridoma cells and identifying epitopes, mimotopes and functional or accessible sites from antigens are also important advantages of this technology. Techniques originating from phage display have been applied to transfusion medicine, neurological disorders, mapping vascular addresses and tissue homing of peptides. Phages have been applicable to immunization therapies, which may lead to development of new tools used for treating autoimmune and cancer diseases. This review describes the phage display technology and presents the recent advancements in therapeutic applications of phage display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bazan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland.
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45
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Gu C, Liu L, He Y, Jiang J, Yang Z, Wu Q. The binding characteristics of a cyclic nonapeptide, c(CGRRAGGSC), in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2012; 4:443-449. [PMID: 22970042 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that interleukin-11 (IL-11) and the IL-11 receptor (IL-11R) are associated with the regulation of tumor progression and may play a significant role in bone metastases. The nonapeptide structure c(CGRRAGGSC) is a phage display-selected IL-11 mimic, which binds to IL-11R. The aim of this study is to investigate the binding characteristics of a cyclic nonapeptide c(CGRRAGGSC) in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. To investigate its binding and uptake effects, c(CGRRAGGSC) was labeled with a fluorescent dye, LSS670. The binding location of LSS670 cyclic nonapeptide in LNCaP cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to detect the fluorescence of LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC) in LNCaP cells. The binding of LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC) in LNCaP cells was inhibited by unlabeled cyclic nonapeptide, depending on the varying density of c(CGRRAGGSC) and different time points. The molecular probe bound to the LNCaP cell membrane and cytoplasm through fluorescence tracing. In the saturation experiments performed in vitro, the K(d) value was 3.2±0.02 nM and the B(max) value was 754±34 fmol/mg.pro. The 50% inhibiting concentration (IC(50)) was 6.31±0.12 nmol/l and the K(i) value was 2.11±0.14 nmol/l in competitive inhibition experiments. Our results suggest that c(CGRRAGGSC) is able to specifically bind to LNCaP cells through a receptor-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi 214042
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46
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Barnhart KF, Christianson DR, Hanley PW, Driessen WHP, Bernacky BJ, Baze WB, Wen S, Tian M, Ma J, Kolonin MG, Saha PK, Do KA, Hulvat JF, Gelovani JG, Chan L, Arap W, Pasqualini R. A peptidomimetic targeting white fat causes weight loss and improved insulin resistance in obese monkeys. Sci Transl Med 2012; 3:108ra112. [PMID: 22072637 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, defined as body mass index greater than 30, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and a financial burden worldwide. Despite significant efforts in the past decade, very few drugs have been successfully developed for the treatment of obese patients. Biological differences between rodents and primates are a major hurdle for translation of anti-obesity strategies either discovered or developed in rodents into effective human therapeutics. Here, we evaluate the ligand-directed peptidomimetic CKGGRAKDC-GG-(D)(KLAKLAK)(2) (henceforth termed adipotide) in obese Old World monkeys. Treatment with adipotide induced targeted apoptosis within blood vessels of white adipose tissue and resulted in rapid weight loss and improved insulin resistance in obese monkeys. Magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry confirmed a marked reduction in white adipose tissue. At experimentally determined optimal doses, monkeys from three different species displayed predictable and reversible changes in renal proximal tubule function. Together, these data in primates establish adipotide as a prototype in a new class of candidate drugs that may be useful for treating obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin F Barnhart
- David H. Koch Center, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Qinghua W, Jianli X, Lu L, Zexuan Y, Guansheng T, Hailin G, Jianwei J. A radiolabeled nonapeptide probe targeting PC-3 cells and bone metastases of prostate cancer in mice. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2012; 7:223-30. [PMID: 22434635 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Qinghua
- Nuclear Medicine Technology Institute, School of Medicine; Southeast University; Road 87, Dingjiaqiao Nanjing 210009 China
- Department of Radiology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; 585 Xingyuanbei Road Wuxi 214042 China
| | - Xu Jianli
- Department of Orthopedics; The Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University; 10 Railway Hospital Road Beijing 100038 China
| | - Liu Lu
- Nuclear Medicine Technology Institute, School of Medicine; Southeast University; Road 87, Dingjiaqiao Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yang Zexuan
- Nuclear Medicine Technology Institute, School of Medicine; Southeast University; Road 87, Dingjiaqiao Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Tong Guansheng
- Department of Orthopedics; The Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University; 10 Railway Hospital Road Beijing 100038 China
| | - Gao Hailin
- Nuclear Medicine Technology Institute, School of Medicine; Southeast University; Road 87, Dingjiaqiao Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jiang Jianwei
- Department of Radiology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; 585 Xingyuanbei Road Wuxi 214042 China
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48
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Huang G, Yu L, Cooper LJ, Hollomon M, Huls H, Kleinerman ES. Genetically modified T cells targeting interleukin-11 receptor α-chain kill human osteosarcoma cells and induce the regression of established osteosarcoma lung metastases. Cancer Res 2011; 72:271-81. [PMID: 22075555 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of osteosarcoma pulmonary metastases remains a challenge. T cells genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), which recognizes a tumor-associated antigen, have shown activity against hematopoietic malignancies in clinical trials, but this requires the identification of a specific receptor on the tumor cell. In the current study, we found that interleukin (IL)-11Rα was selectively expressed on 14 of 16 osteosarcoma patients' lung metastases and four different human osteosarcoma cell lines, indicating that IL-11Rα may be a novel target for CAR-specific T-cell therapy. IL-11Rα expression was absent or low in normal organ tissues, with the exception of the gastrointestinal tract. IL-11Rα-CAR-specific T cells were obtained by non-viral gene transfer of Sleeping Beauty DNA plasmids and selectively expanded ex vivo using artificial antigen-presenting cells derived from IL-11Rα + K562 cells genetically modified to coexpress T-cell costimulatory molecules. IL-11Rα-CAR(+) T cells killed all four osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro; cytotoxicity correlated with the level of IL-11Rα expression on the tumor cells. Intravenous injection of IL-11Rα-CAR(+) T cells into mice resulted in the regression of osteosarcoma pulmonary metastases with no organ toxicity. Together, the data suggest that IL-11Rα-CAR T cells may represent a new therapy for patients with osteosarcoma pulmonary metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangxiong Huang
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ling Yu
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laurence Jn Cooper
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mario Hollomon
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Helen Huls
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eugenie S Kleinerman
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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49
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Vascular ligand-receptor mapping by direct combinatorial selection in cancer patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:18637-42. [PMID: 22049339 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1114503108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecules differentially expressed in blood vessels among organs or between damaged and normal tissues, are attractive therapy targets; however, their identification within the human vasculature is challenging. Here we screened a peptide library in cancer patients to uncover ligand-receptors common or specific to certain vascular beds. Surveying ~2.35 x 10(6) motifs recovered from biopsies yielded a nonrandom distribution, indicating that systemic tissue targeting is feasible. High-throughput analysis by similarity search, protein arrays, and affinity chromatography revealed four native ligand-receptors, three of which were previously unrecognized. Two are shared among multiple tissues (integrin α4/annexin A4 and cathepsin B/apolipoprotein E3) and the other two have a restricted and specific distribution in normal tissue (prohibitin/annexin A2 in white adipose tissue) or cancer (RAGE/leukocyte proteinase-3 in bone metastases). These findings provide vascular molecular markers for biotechnology and medical applications.
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Eun YG, Shin IH, Kim MJ, Chung JH, Song JY, Kwon KH. Associations between promoter polymorphism -106A/G of interleukin-11 receptor alpha and papillary thyroid cancer in Korean population. Surgery 2011; 151:323-9. [PMID: 21982075 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interleukin11 (IL11) and IL11 receptor alpha (IL11RA) are involved in cellular growth, differentiation, invasiveness, and tumor progression in several tumors. We investigated whether coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (cSNPs) of IL11 and promoter SNP IL11RA would contribute to the development of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We also assessed the relationships between IL11 and IL11RA SNPs and the clinicopathologic characteristics of PTC. METHODS One coding SNP, designated as rs1126757, Ala82Ala, in IL11 and one promoter SNP, designated as rs1061758, -106A/G, in IL11RA were genotyped using direct sequencing in 94 patents with PTC and 213 patients without PTC (controls). Genetic data were analyzed using commercially available software. The patients with PTC were dichotomized and compared with respect to clinicopathologic characteristics of PTC. RESULTS We found an association between PTC and the coding SNP(rs1061758) in IL11RA (codominant model 1 [G/G vs. A/G], odds ratio [OR] = 2.91, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-5.89; P = .003; codominant model 2 [G/G vs. A/A], OR = 2.95, 95% CI, 1.30-6.72; P = .01; and dominant model, OR = 2.92, 95% CI, 1.47-5.80; P = .002). Moreover, SNP rs1061758 in IL11RA was associated with the multifocality of PTC (codominant model 2 [A/A vs. G/G], OR = 9.56, 95% CI, 1.77-51.69; P = .009; and recessive model, OR = 7.22, 95% CI, 1.72-30.3; P = .007). Genotype and allele analyses of SNP variant rs1126757 in IL11 revealed no statistically significant differences between patients with PTC and controls. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that an IL11RA promoter polymorphism--rs1061758--may be associated with the risk of PTC in the Korean population. In addition, rs1061758 might be related to the multifocality of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Gyu Eun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
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