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Kuranaga Y, Yu B, Osuka S, Zhang H, Devi NS, Bae S, Van Meir EG. Targeting Integrin α3 Blocks β1 Maturation, Triggers Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Sensitizes Glioblastoma Cells to TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis. Cells 2024; 13:753. [PMID: 38727288 PMCID: PMC11083687 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating brain cancer for which new effective therapies are urgently needed. GBM, after an initial response to current treatment regimens, develops therapeutic resistance, leading to rapid patient demise. Cancer cells exhibit an inherent elevation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to uncontrolled growth and an unfavorable microenvironment, including hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. Cancer cells utilize the unfolded protein response (UPR) to maintain ER homeostasis, and failure of this response promotes cell death. In this study, as integrins are upregulated in cancer, we have evaluated the therapeutic potential of individually targeting all αβ1 integrin subunits using RNA interference. We found that GBM cells are uniquely susceptible to silencing of integrin α3. Knockdown of α3-induced proapoptotic markers such as PARP cleavage and caspase 3 and 8 activation. Remarkably, we discovered a non-canonical function for α3 in mediating the maturation of integrin β1. In its absence, generation of full length β1 was reduced, immature β1 accumulated, and the cells underwent elevated ER stress with upregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5) expression. Targeting α3 sensitized TRAIL-resistant GBM cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and led to growth inhibition. Our findings offer key new insights into integrin α3's role in GBM survival via the regulation of ER homeostasis and its value as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kuranaga
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.K.); (S.O.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Bing Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery and Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (N.S.D.)
| | - Satoru Osuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.K.); (S.O.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery and Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (N.S.D.)
| | - Narra S. Devi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery and Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (N.S.D.)
| | - Sejong Bae
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Erwin G. Van Meir
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.K.); (S.O.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery and Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (B.Y.); (H.Z.); (N.S.D.)
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2
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Lyu A, Humphrey RS, Nam SH, Durham TA, Hu Z, Arasappan D, Horton TM, Ehrlich LIR. Integrin signaling is critical for myeloid-mediated support of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6270. [PMID: 37805579 PMCID: PMC10560206 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously found that T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) requires support from tumor-associated myeloid cells, which activate Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) signaling in leukemic blasts. However, IGF1 is not sufficient to sustain T-ALL in vitro, implicating additional myeloid-mediated signals in leukemia progression. Here, we find that T-ALL cells require close contact with myeloid cells to survive. Transcriptional profiling and in vitro assays demonstrate that integrin-mediated cell adhesion activates downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/ proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2), which are required for myeloid-mediated T-ALL support, partly through activation of IGF1R. Blocking integrin ligands or inhibiting FAK/PYK2 signaling diminishes leukemia burden in multiple organs and confers a survival advantage in a mouse model of T-ALL. Inhibiting integrin-mediated adhesion or FAK/PYK2 also reduces survival of primary patient T-ALL cells co-cultured with myeloid cells. Furthermore, elevated integrin pathway gene signatures correlate with higher FAK signaling and myeloid gene signatures and are associated with an inferior prognosis in pediatric T-ALL patients. Together, these findings demonstrate that integrin activation and downstream FAK/PYK2 signaling are important mechanisms underlying myeloid-mediated support of T-ALL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Lyu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ryan S Humphrey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Tyler A Durham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Zicheng Hu
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dhivya Arasappan
- Center for Biomedical Research Support, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Terzah M Horton
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren I R Ehrlich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA.
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3
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Hassan N, Efing J, Kiesel L, Bendas G, Götte M. The Tissue Factor Pathway in Cancer: Overview and Role of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051524. [PMID: 36900315 PMCID: PMC10001432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, the only focus on tissue factor (TF) in clinical pathophysiology has been on its function as the initiation of the extrinsic coagulation cascade. This obsolete vessel-wall TF dogma is now being challenged by the findings that TF circulates throughout the body as a soluble form, a cell-associated protein, and a binding microparticle. Furthermore, it has been observed that TF is expressed by various cell types, including T-lymphocytes and platelets, and that certain pathological situations, such as chronic and acute inflammatory states, and cancer, may increase its expression and activity. Transmembrane G protein-coupled protease-activated receptors can be proteolytically cleaved by the TF:FVIIa complex that develops when TF binds to Factor VII (PARs). The TF:FVIIa complex can activate integrins, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and PARs in addition to PARs. Cancer cells use these signaling pathways to promote cell division, angiogenesis, metastasis, and the maintenance of cancer stem-like cells. Proteoglycans play a crucial role in the biochemical and mechanical properties of the cellular extracellular matrix, where they control cellular behavior via interacting with transmembrane receptors. For TFPI.fXa complexes, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) may serve as the primary receptor for uptake and degradation. The regulation of TF expression, TF signaling mechanisms, their pathogenic effects, and their therapeutic targeting in cancer are all covered in detail here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hassan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Domagkstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Janes Efing
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Domagkstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Domagkstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerd Bendas
- Pharmaceutical Department, University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53225 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Domagkstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Emerging Role of IGF-1 in Prostate Cancer: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041287. [PMID: 36831629 PMCID: PMC9954466 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly heterogeneous disease driven by gene alterations and microenvironmental influences. Not only enhanced serum IGF-1 but also the activation of IGF-1R and its downstream signaling components has been increasingly recognized to have a vital driving role in the development of PCa. A better understanding of IGF-1/IGF-1R activity and regulation has therefore emerged as an important subject of PCa research. IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling affects diverse biological processes in cancer cells, including promoting survival and renewal, inducing migration and spread, and promoting resistance to radiation and castration. Consequently, inhibitory reagents targeting IGF-1/IGF-1R have been developed to limit cancer development. Multiple agents targeting IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling have shown effects against tumor growth in tumor xenograft models, but further verification of their effectiveness in PCa patients in clinical trials is still needed. Combining androgen deprivation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapeutics with IGF-1R antagonists based on reliable predictive biomarkers and developing and applying novel agents may provide more desirable outcomes. This review will summarize the contribution of IGF-1 signaling to the development of PCa and highlight the relevance of this signaling axis in potential strategies for cancer therapy.
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Zhu Z, Fang C, Xu H, Yuan L, Du Y, Ni Y, Xu Y, Shao A, Zhang A, Lou M. Anoikis resistance in diffuse glioma: The potential therapeutic targets in the future. Front Oncol 2022; 12:976557. [PMID: 36046036 PMCID: PMC9423707 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.976557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant intracranial tumor and exhibits diffuse metastasis and a high recurrence rate. The invasive property of glioma results from cell detachment. Anoikis is a special form of apoptosis that is activated upon cell detachment. Resistance to anoikis has proven to be a protumor factor. Therefore, it is suggested that anoikis resistance commonly occurs in glioma and promotes diffuse invasion. Several factors, such as integrin, E-cadherin, EGFR, IGFR, Trk, TGF-β, the Hippo pathway, NF-κB, eEF-2 kinase, MOB2, hypoxia, acidosis, ROS, Hsp and protective autophagy, have been shown to induce anoikis resistance in glioma. In our present review, we aim to summarize the underlying mechanism of resistance and the therapeutic potential of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Houshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjia Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiqing Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Abou-Fadel J, Bhalli M, Grajeda B, Zhang J. CmP Signaling Network Leads to Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Caucasian Women. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2022; 26:198-219. [PMID: 35481969 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes ∼15% of all diagnosed invasive breast cancer cases with limited options for treatment since immunotherapies that target ER, PR, and HER2 receptors are ineffective. Progesterone (PRG) can induce its effects through either classic, nonclassic, or combined responses by binding to classic nuclear PRG receptors (nPRs) or nonclassic membrane PRG receptors (mPRs). Under PRG-induced actions, we previously demonstrated that the CCM signaling complex (CSC) can couple both nPRs and mPRs into a CmPn signaling network, which plays an important role during nPR(+) breast cancer tumorigenesis. We recently defined the novel CmP signaling network in African American women (AAW)-derived TNBC cells, which overlapped with our previously defined CmPn network in nPR(+) breast cancer cells. Methods: Under mPR-specific steroid actions, we measured alterations to key tumorigenic pathways in Caucasian American women (CAW)- derived TNBC cells, with RNAseq/proteomic and systems biology approaches. Exemption from ethics approval from IRB: This study only utilized cultured NBC cell lines with publicly available TNBC clinical data sets. Results: Our results demonstrated that TNBCs in CAW share similar altered signaling pathways, as TNBCs in AAW, under mPR-specific steroid actions, demonstrating the overall aggressive nature of TNBCs, regardless of racial differences. Furthermore, in this report, we have deconvoluted the CmP signalosome, using systems biology approaches and CAW-TNBC clinical data, to identify 21 new CAW-TNBC-specific prognostic biomarkers that reinforce the definitive role of CSC and mPR signaling during CAW-TNBC tumorigenesis. Conclusion: This new set of potential prognostic biomarkers may revolutionize molecular mechanisms and currently known concepts of tumorigenesis in CAW-TNBCs, leading to hopeful new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Muaz Bhalli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Brian Grajeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
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7
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Integrin expression in correlation to clinicopathological features and prognosis of prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 2021; 39:221-232. [PMID: 33558138 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prompt identification of patients with poor prognosis is essential in order to improve the treatment outcomes in prostate cancer (CaP); as a novel approach, several molecular markers, including integrins, have been discussed as prognostic biomarkers. Our aim was to comprehensively examine aberrant expression of integrins in correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis in CaP by synthesizing all available evidence, in a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Scientific literature databases (Pubmed, Embase, and Scopus) were systematically searched until May 10, 2020. Random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for cross-sectional correlations with clinicopathological characteristics and relative risks for longitudinal associations with prognosis. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included with a total number of 3,194 CaP cases examined (13 cross-sectional and four longitudinal cohort study arms). Correlation of low expression of α6 (pooled OR = 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04-0.28, P < 0.001) and β1 (pooled OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21-1.00, P = 0.049) integrin with high Gleason score was noted. A borderline trend between reduced expression of α6 integrin and an advanced clinical stage of CaP (pooled OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.22-1.03, P = 0.06) was observed. No associations with biochemical recurrence and survival were documented. CONCLUSIONS Evidence on the association of low expression of integrins α6 and β1 and more advanced CaP exist, whereas significant results on survival were not documented; further studies are warranted.
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Jen HW, Gu DL, Lang YD, Jou YS. PSPC1 Potentiates IGF1R Expression to Augment Cell Adhesion and Motility. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061490. [PMID: 32570949 PMCID: PMC7349238 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraspeckle protein 1 (PSPC1) overexpression in cancers is known to be the pro-metastatic switch of tumor progression associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients. However, the detail molecular mechanisms to facilitate cancer cell migration remain elusive. Here, we conducted integrated analysis of human phospho-kinase antibody array, transcriptome analysis with RNA-seq, and proteomic analysis of protein pulldown to study the molecular detail of PSPC1-potentiated phenotypical transformation, adhesion, and motility in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We found that PSPC1 overexpression re-assembles and augments stress fiber formations to promote recruitment of focal adhesion contacts at the protruding edge to facilitate cell migration. PSPC1 activated focal adhesion-associated kinases especially FAK/Src signaling to enhance cell adhesion and motility toward extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrated transcriptome and gene set enrichment analysis indicated that PSPC1 modulated receptor tyrosine kinase IGF1R involved in the focal adhesion pathway and induction of diverse integrins expression. Knockdown IGF1R expression and treatment of IGF1R inhibitor suppressed PSPC1-induced cell motility. Interestingly, knockdown PSPC1-interacted paraspeckle components including NONO, FUS, and the lncRNA Neat1 abolished PSPC1-activated IGF1R expression. Together, PSPC1 overexpression induced focal adhesion formation and facilitated cell motility via activation of IGF1R signaling. PSPC1 overexpression in tumors could be a potential biomarker of target therapy with IGF1R inhibitor for improvement of HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Jen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
| | - De-Leung Gu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
| | - Yaw-Dong Lang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
| | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Wang T, Huang J, Vue M, Alavian MR, Goel HL, Altieri DC, Languino LR, FitzGerald TJ. α vβ 3 Integrin Mediates Radioresistance of Prostate Cancer Cells through Regulation of Survivin. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:398-408. [PMID: 30266752 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The αvβ3 integrin is involved in various physiologic and pathologic processes such as wound healing, angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The impact of αvβ3 integrin on the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cells and the molecular mechanism controlling cell survival in response to ionizing radiation (IR) was investigated. Both LNCaP cells stably transfected with αvβ3 integrin and PC-3 cells that contain endogenous β3 integrin were used. This study demonstrated that αvβ3 integrin increases survival of αvβ3-LNCaP cells upon IR while small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of αvβ3 integrin in PC-3 cells sensitizes to radiation. Expression of αvβ3 integrin in LNCaP cells also enhances anchorage-independent cell growth while knockdown of αvβ3 integrin in PC-3 cells inhibits anchorage-independent cell growth. The αvβ3 antagonist, cRGD, significantly increases radiosensitivity in both αvβ3-LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Moreover, αvβ3 integrin prevents radiation-induced downregulation of survivin. Inhibition of survivin expression by siRNA or shRNA enhances IR-induced inhibition of anchorage-independent cell growth. Overexpression of wild-type survivin in PC-3 cells treated with αvβ3 integrin shRNA increases survival of cells upon IR. These findings reveal that αvβ3 integrin promotes radioresistance and regulates survivin levels in response to IR. IMPLICATIONS: Future translational research on targeting αvβ3 integrin and survivin may reveal novel approaches as an adjunct to radiotherapy for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Mai Vue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Michael R Alavian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Dario C Altieri
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lucia R Languino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas J FitzGerald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
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Stanicka J, Rieger L, O’Shea S, Cox O, Coleman M, O’Flanagan C, Addario B, McCabe N, Kennedy R, O’Connor R. FES-related tyrosine kinase activates the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor at sites of cell adhesion. Oncogene 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Sayeed A, Lu H, Liu Q, Deming D, Duffy A, McCue P, Dicker AP, Davis RJ, Gabrilovich D, Rodeck U, Altieri DC, Languino LR. β1 integrin- and JNK-dependent tumor growth upon hypofractionated radiation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52618-52630. [PMID: 27438371 PMCID: PMC5288136 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment modality although tumors invariably become resistant. Using the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model system, we report that a hypofractionated radiation schedule (10 Gy/day for 5 consecutive days) effectively blocks prostate tumor growth in wild type (β1wt /TRAMP) mice as well as in mice carrying a conditional ablation of β1 integrins in the prostatic epithelium (β1pc-/- /TRAMP). Since JNK is known to be suppressed by β1 integrins and mediates radiation-induced apoptosis, we tested the effect of SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) in the TRAMP model system. Our results show that SP600125 negates the effect of radiation on tumor growth in β1pc-/- /TRAMP mice and leads to invasive adenocarcinoma. These effects are associated with increased focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and phosphorylation in prostate tumors in β1pc-/- /TRAMP mice. In marked contrast, radiation-induced tumor growth suppression, FAK expression and phosphorylation are not altered by SP600125 treatment of β1wt /TRAMP mice. Furthermore, we have reported earlier that abrogation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) in prostate cancer cells enhances the sensitivity to radiation. Here we further explore the β1/IGF-IR crosstalk and report that β1 integrins promote cell proliferation partly by enhancing the expression of IGF-IR. In conclusion, we demonstrate that β1 integrin-mediated inhibition of JNK signaling modulates tumor growth rate upon hypofractionated radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aejaz Sayeed
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huimin Lu
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Deming
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Duffy
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter McCue
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam P Dicker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dmitry Gabrilovich
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Translational Tumor Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulrich Rodeck
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dario C Altieri
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucia R Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Nakano M, Yahiro K, Yamasaki E, Kurazono H, Akada J, Yamaoka Y, Niidome T, Hatakeyama M, Suzuki H, Yamamoto T, Moss J, Isomoto H, Hirayama T. Helicobacter pylori VacA, acting through receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase α, is crucial for CagA phosphorylation in human duodenum carcinoma cell line AZ-521. Dis Model Mech 2017; 9:1473-1481. [PMID: 27935824 PMCID: PMC5200893 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.025361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a major cause of gastroduodenal diseases, produces vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), which seem to be involved in virulence. VacA exhibits pleiotropic actions in gastroduodenal disorders via its specific receptors. Recently, we found that VacA induced the phosphorylation of cellular Src kinase (Src) at Tyr418 in AZ-521 cells. Silencing of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP)α, a VacA receptor, reduced VacA-induced Src phosphorylation. Src is responsible for tyrosine phosphorylation of CagA at its Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) variant C (EPIYA-C) motif in Helicobacterpylori-infected gastric epithelial cells, resulting in binding of CagA to SHP-2 phosphatase. Challenging AZ-521 cells with wild-type H. pylori induced phosphorylation of CagA, but this did not occur when challenged with a vacA gene-disrupted mutant strain. CagA phosphorylation was observed in cells infected with a vacA gene-disrupted mutant strain after addition of purified VacA, suggesting that VacA is required for H. pylori-induced CagA phosphorylation. Following siRNA-mediated RPTPα knockdown in AZ-521 cells, infection with wild-type H. pylori and treatment with VacA did not induce CagA phosphorylation. Taken together, these results support our conclusion that VacA mediates CagA phosphorylation through RPTPα in AZ-521 cells. These data indicate the possibility that Src phosphorylation induced by VacA is mediated through RPTPα, resulting in activation of Src, leading to CagA phosphorylation at Tyr972 in AZ-521 cells. Summary: The authors show a newly identified role of VacA in Helicobacter pylori infection through induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of CagA acting through the VacA receptor RPTPα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakano
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan .,Department of International Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kinnosuke Yahiro
- Department of Molecular Infectiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Eiki Yamasaki
- Division of Food Hygiene, Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hisao Kurazono
- Division of Food Hygiene, Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Junko Akada
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Idaigaoka 1-1, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Idaigaoka 1-1, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Masanori Hatakeyama
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Medical Education Center, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Taro Yamamoto
- Department of International Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Joel Moss
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1590, USA
| | - Hajime Isomoto
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiya Hirayama
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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13
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Caromile LA, Dortche K, Rahman MM, Grant CL, Stoddard C, Ferrer FA, Shapiro LH. PSMA redirects cell survival signaling from the MAPK to the PI3K-AKT pathways to promote the progression of prostate cancer. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/470/eaag3326. [PMID: 28292957 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aag3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased abundance of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on prostate epithelium is a hallmark of advanced metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) and correlates negatively with prognosis. However, direct evidence that PSMA functionally contributes to PCa progression remains elusive. We generated mice bearing PSMA-positive or PSMA-negative PCa by crossing PSMA-deficient mice with transgenic PCa (TRAMP) models, enabling direct assessment of PCa incidence and progression in the presence or absence of PSMA. Compared with PSMA-positive tumors, PSMA-negative tumors were smaller, lower-grade, and more apoptotic with fewer blood vessels, consistent with the recognized proangiogenic function of PSMA. Relative to PSMA-positive tumors, tumors lacking PSMA had less than half the abundance of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), less activity in the survival pathway mediated by PI3K-AKT signaling, and more activity in the proliferative pathway mediated by MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling. Biochemically, PSMA interacted with the scaffolding protein RACK1, disrupting signaling between the β1 integrin and IGF-1R complex to the MAPK pathway, enabling activation of the AKT pathway instead. Manipulation of PSMA abundance in PCa cell lines recapitulated this signaling pathway switch. Analysis of published databases indicated that IGF-1R abundance, cell proliferation, and expression of transcripts for antiapoptotic markers positively correlated with PSMA abundance in patients, suggesting that this switch may be relevant to human PCa. Our findings suggest that increase in PSMA in prostate tumors contributes to progression by altering normal signal transduction pathways to drive PCa progression and that enhanced signaling through the IGF-1R/β1 integrin axis may occur in other tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Ann Caromile
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Kristina Dortche
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - M Mamunur Rahman
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Christina L Grant
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Christopher Stoddard
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Fernando A Ferrer
- Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Linda H Shapiro
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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14
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Bianconi D, Unseld M, Prager GW. Integrins in the Spotlight of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122037. [PMID: 27929432 PMCID: PMC5187837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors that bind to different extracellular ligands depending on their composition and regulate all processes which enable multicellular life. In cancer, integrins trigger and play key roles in all the features that were once described as the Hallmarks of Cancer. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of integrins to these hallmarks, including uncontrolled and limitless proliferation, invasion of tumor cells, promotion of tumor angiogenesis and evasion of apoptosis and resistance to growth suppressors, by highlighting the latest findings. Further on, given the paramount role of integrins in cancer, we will present novel strategies for integrin inhibition that are starting to emerge, promising a hopeful future regarding cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bianconi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Matthias Unseld
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gerald W Prager
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Therapeutic Implications for Overcoming Radiation Resistance in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26880-913. [PMID: 26569225 PMCID: PMC4661850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR), such as X-rays and gamma (γ)-rays, mediates various forms of cancer cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence. Among them, apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe are the main mechanisms of IR action. DNA damage and genomic instability contribute to IR-induced cancer cell death. Although IR therapy may be curative in a number of cancer types, the resistance of cancer cells to radiation remains a major therapeutic problem. In this review, we describe the morphological and molecular aspects of various IR-induced types of cell death. We also discuss cytogenetic variations representative of IR-induced DNA damage and genomic instability. Most importantly, we focus on several pathways and their associated marker proteins responsible for cancer resistance and its therapeutic implications in terms of cancer cell death of various types and characteristics. Finally, we propose radiation-sensitization strategies, such as the modification of fractionation, inflammation, and hypoxia and the combined treatment, that can counteract the resistance of tumors to IR.
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16
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Trerotola M, Ganguly KK, Fazli L, Fedele C, Lu H, Dutta A, Liu Q, De Angelis T, Riddell LW, Riobo NA, Gleave ME, Zoubeidi A, Pestell RG, Altieri DC, Languino LR. Trop-2 is up-regulated in invasive prostate cancer and displaces FAK from focal contacts. Oncotarget 2015; 6:14318-28. [PMID: 26015409 PMCID: PMC4546469 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we show that the transmembrane glycoprotein Trop-2 is up-regulated in human prostate cancer (PCa) with extracapsular extension (stages pT3/pT4) as compared to organ-confined (stage pT2) PCa. Consistent with this evidence, Trop-2 expression is found to be increased in metastatic prostate tumors of Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate mice and to strongly correlate with α5β1 integrin levels. Using PCa cells, we show that Trop-2 specifically associates with the α5 integrin subunit, as binding to α3 is not observed, and that Trop-2 displaces focal adhesion kinase from focal contacts. In support of the role of Trop-2 as a promoter of PCa metastatic phenotype, we observe high expression of this molecule in exosomes purified from Trop-2-positive PCa cells. These vesicles are then found to promote migration of Trop-2-negative PCa cells on fibronectin, an α5β1 integrin/focal adhesion kinase substrate, thus suggesting that the biological function of Trop-2 may be propagated to recipient cells. In summary, our findings show that Trop-2 promotes an α5β1 integrin-dependent pro-metastatic signaling pathway in PCa cells and that the altered expression of Trop-2 may be utilized for early identification of capsule-invading PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trerotola
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Current address: Ce.S.I. – University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | - Kirat K. Ganguly
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ladan Fazli
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carmine Fedele
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huimin Lu
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anindita Dutta
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiziana De Angelis
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luke W. Riddell
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Natalia A. Riobo
- Department of Biochemistry, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martin E. Gleave
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard G. Pestell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dario C. Altieri
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucia R. Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
Chemotherapy and targeted therapy have opened new avenues in clinical oncology. However, there is a lack of response in a substantial percentage of cancer patients and diseases frequently relapse in those who even initially respond. Resistance is, at present, the major barrier to conquering cancer, the most lethal age-related pathology. Identification of mechanisms underlying resistance and development of effective strategies to circumvent treatment pitfalls thereby improving clinical outcomes remain overarching tasks for scientists and clinicians. Growing bodies of data indicate that stromal cells within the genetically stable but metabolically dynamic tumor microenvironment confer acquired resistance against anticancer therapies. Further, treatment itself activates the microenvironment by damaging a large population of benign cells, which can drastically exacerbate disease conditions in a cell nonautonomous manner, and such off-target effects should be well taken into account when establishing future therapeutic rationale. In this review, we highlight relevant biological mechanisms through which the tumor microenvironment drives development of resistance. We discuss some unsolved issues related to the preclinical and clinical trial paradigms that need to be carefully devised, and provide implications for personalized medicine. In the long run, an insightful and accurate understanding of the intricate signaling networks of the tumor microenvironment in pathological settings will guide the design of new clinical interventions particularly combinatorial therapies, and it might help overcome, or at least prevent, the onset of acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, 200031, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai, 200025, China
- VA Seattle Medical CenterSeattle, WA, 98108
- Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, 98195
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18
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Cox OT, O’Shea S, Tresse E, Bustamante-Garrido M, Kiran-Deevi R, O’Connor R. IGF-1 Receptor and Adhesion Signaling: An Important Axis in Determining Cancer Cell Phenotype and Therapy Resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:106. [PMID: 26191041 PMCID: PMC4490239 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IGF-1R expression and activation levels generally cannot be correlated in cancer cells, suggesting that cellular proteins may modulate IGF-1R activity. Strong candidates for such modulation are found in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion signaling complexes. Activated IGF-1R is present at focal adhesions, where it can stabilize β1 integrin and participate in signaling complexes that promote invasiveness associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and resistance to therapy. Whether IGF-1R contributes to EMT or to non-invasive tumor growth may be strongly influenced by the degree of extracellular matrix engagement and the presence or absence of key proteins in IGF-1R-cell adhesion complexes. One such protein is PDLIM2, which promotes both cell polarization and EMT by regulating the stability of transcription factors including NFκB, STATs, and beta catenin. PDLIM2 exhibits tumor suppressor activity, but is also highly expressed in certain invasive cancers. It is likely that distinct adhesion complex proteins modulate IGF-1R signaling during cancer progression or adaptive responses to therapy. Thus, identifying the key modulators will be important for developing effective therapeutic strategies and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla T. Cox
- Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sandra O’Shea
- Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Emilie Tresse
- Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Milan Bustamante-Garrido
- Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ravi Kiran-Deevi
- Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rosemary O’Connor
- Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Rosemary O’Connor, Cell Biology Laboratory, BioSciences Institute, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,
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19
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Broustas CG, Lieberman HB. RAD9 enhances radioresistance of human prostate cancer cells through regulation of ITGB1 protein levels. Prostate 2014; 74:1359-70. [PMID: 25111005 PMCID: PMC4142073 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse embryonic stem cells null for Rad9 are sensitive to deleterious effects of ionizing radiation exposure. Likewise, integrin β1 is a known radioprotective factor. Previously, we showed that RAD9 downregulation in human prostate cancer cells reduces integrin β1 protein levels and ectopic expression of Mrad9 restores inherent high levels. METHODS We used RNA interference to knockdown Rad9 expression in PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells. These cells were then exposed to ionizing radiation, and integrin β1 protein levels were measured by immunoblotting. Survival of irradiated cells was measured by clonogenicity, cell cycle analysis, PARP-1 cleavage, and trypan blue exclusion. RESULTS The function of RAD9 in controlling integrin β1 expression is unique and not shared by the other members of the 9-1-1 complex, HUS1 and RAD1. RAD9 or integrin β1 silencing sensitizes DU145 and PC3 cells to ionizing radiation. Irradiation of DU145 cells with low levels of RAD9 induces cleavage of PARP-1 protein. High levels of ionizing radiation have no effect on integrin β1 protein levels. However, when RAD9 downregulation is combined with 10 Gy of ionizing radiation in DU145 or PC3 cells, there is an additional 50% downregulation of integrin β1 compared with levels in unirradiated RAD9 knockdown cells. Finally, PC3 cells growing on fibronectin display increased radioresistance. However, PC3 cells with RAD9 knockdown are no longer protected by fibronectin after treatment with ionizing radiation. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of RAD9 when combined with ionizing radiation results in reduction of ITGB1 protein levels in prostate cancer cells, and increased lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos G. Broustas
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Howard B. Lieberman
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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20
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Wang J, Yin L, Chen Z. Neuroprotective role of fibronectin in neuron-glial extrasynaptic transmission. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:376-82. [PMID: 25206678 PMCID: PMC4107531 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most hypotheses concerning the mechanisms underlying Parkinson's disease are based on altered synaptic transmission of the nigrostriatal system. However, extrasynaptic transmission was recently found to affect dopamine neurotransmitter delivery by anisotropic diffusion in the extracellular matrix, which is modulated by various extracellular matrix components such as fibronectin. The present study reviewed the neuroprotective effect of fibronectin in extrasynaptic transmission. Fibronectin can regulate neuroactive substance diffusion and receptor activation, and exert anti- neuroinflammatory, adhesive and neuroprotective roles. Fibronectin can bind to integrin and growth factor receptors to transactivate intracellular signaling events such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway to regulate or amplify growth factor-like neuroprotective actions. Fibronectin is assembled into a fibrillar network around cells to facilitate cell migration, molecule and ion diffusion, and even drug delivery and treatment. In addition, the present study analyzed the neuroprotective mechanism of fibronectin in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, involving integrin and growth factor receptor interactions, and discussed the possible therapeutic and diagnostic significance of fibronectin in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintang Wang
- Institute for Geriatric Clinic and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, China
| | - Ling Yin
- Institute of Medical Informatics, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Institute for Geriatric Clinic and Rehabilitation, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, China
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21
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Chen X, Corbin JM, Tipton GJ, Yang LV, Asch AS, Ruiz-Echevarría MJ. The TMEFF2 tumor suppressor modulates integrin expression, RhoA activation and migration of prostate cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:1216-24. [PMID: 24632071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion and migration play important roles in physiological and pathological states, including embryonic development and cancer invasion and metastasis. The type I transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) is expressed mainly in brain and prostate and its expression is deregulated in prostate cancer. We have previously shown that TMEFF2 can function as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell migration and invasion of prostate cells. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this inhibition are not clear. In this study we demonstrate that TMEFF2 affects cell adhesion and migration of prostate cancer cells and that this effect correlates with changes in integrin expression and RhoA activation. Deletion of a 13 basic-rich amino acid region in the cytoplasmic domain of TMEFF2 prevented these effects. Overexpression of TMEFF2 reduced cell attachment and migration on vitronectin and caused a concomitant decrease in RhoA activation, stress fiber formation and expression of αv, β1 and β3 integrin subunits. Conversely, TMEFF2 interference in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells resulted in an increased integrin expression. Results obtained with a double TRAMP/TMEFF2 transgenic mouse also indicated that TMEFF2 expression reduced integrin expression in the mouse prostate. In summary, the data presented here indicate an important role of TMEFF2 in regulating cell adhesion and migration that involves integrin signaling and is mediated by its cytoplasmic domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Joshua M Corbin
- Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Greg J Tipton
- Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Li V Yang
- Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Adam S Asch
- Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Maria J Ruiz-Echevarría
- Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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22
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Pontes-Júnior J, Reis ST, Bernardes FS, Oliveira LCN, Barros ÉAFD, Dall'Oglio MF, Timosczuk LMS, Ribeiro-Filho LA, Srougi M, Leite KRM. Correlation between beta1 integrin expression and prognosis in clinically localized prostate cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2014; 39:335-42; discussion 343. [PMID: 23849566 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2013.03.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Integrins are transmembrane glycoprotein receptors that regulate cell-matrix interactions, thus functioning as sensors from the environment. They also act as cell adhesion molecules that are responsible for the maintenance of the normal epithelial phenotype. Some studies have reported a correlation between carcinogenesis and changes in integrin expression, especially β1 integrin, however its role in prostate cancer (PC) is unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of β1 integrin in localized PC and to correlate the pattern of expression with recurrence after surgical treatment. Methods For this case-control study, we retrospectively selected surgical specimens from 111 patients with localized PC who underwent radical prostatectomy. Recurrence was defined as a PSA level exceeding 0.2 ng/mL after surgery, and the median follow-up was 123 months. Integrin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray containing two samples from each tumor. We employed a semiquantitative analysis and considered a case as positive when the expression was strong and diffusely present. RESULTS There was a loss of 11 cases during the tissue micro array assembling. β1 expression was positive in 79 of the 100 evaluated cases (79%). The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the negative expression of β1 integrin was associated with biochemical recurrence (p = 0.047) and time to recurrence after radical prostatectomy (p = 0.023). When β1 was negative, the odds ratio for recurrence was 2.78 times higher than that observed in the positive cases [OR = 2.78, p = 0.047, IC 95% (1.01-7.66)]. CONCLUSIONS The loss of β1 integrin immune expression was correlated with biochemical recurrence in patients treated with radical prostatectomy for localized PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pontes-Júnior
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation - LIM 55, Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical, School and Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Goel HL, Sayeed A, Breen M, Zarif MJ, Garlick DS, Leav I, Davis RJ, Fitzgerald TJ, Morrione A, Hsieh CC, Liu Q, Dicker AP, Altieri DC, Languino LR. β1 integrins mediate resistance to ionizing radiation in vivo by inhibiting c-Jun amino terminal kinase 1. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1601-9. [PMID: 23359252 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to dissect the mechanism by which β1 integrins promote resistance to radiation. For this purpose, we conditionally ablated β1 integrins in the prostatic epithelium of transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. The ability of β1 to promote resistance to radiation was also analyzed by using an inhibitory antibody to β1 , AIIB2, in a xenograft model. The role of β1 integrins and of a β1 downstream target, c-Jun amino-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), in regulating radiation-induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro was studied. We show that β1 integrins promote prostate cancer (PrCa) progression and resistance to radiation in vivo. Mechanistically, β1 integrins are shown here to suppress activation of JNK1 and, consequently apoptosis, in response to irradiation. Downregulation of JNK1 is necessary to preserve the effect of β1 on resistance to radiation in vitro and in vivo. Finally, given the established crosstalk between β1 integrins and type1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR), we analyzed the ability of IGF-IR to modulate β1 integrin levels. We report that IGF-IR regulates the expression of β1 integrins, which in turn confer resistance to radiation in PrCa cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that β1 integrins mediate resistance to ionizing radiation through inhibition of JNK1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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24
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Sayeed A, Fedele C, Trerotola M, Ganguly KK, Languino LR. IGF-IR promotes prostate cancer growth by stabilizing α5β1 integrin protein levels. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76513. [PMID: 24130778 PMCID: PMC3793919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic crosstalk between growth factor receptors, cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix is essential for cancer cell migration and invasion. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that bind extracellular matrix proteins and enable cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization. They also mediate signal transduction to regulate cell proliferation and survival. The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) mediates tumor cell growth, adhesion and inhibition of apoptosis in several types of cancer. We have previously demonstrated that β1 integrins regulate anchorage-independent growth of prostate cancer (PrCa) cells by regulating IGF-IR expression and androgen receptor-mediated transcriptional functions. Furthermore, we have recently reported that IGF-IR regulates the expression of β1 integrins in PrCa cells. We have dissected the mechanism through which IGF-IR regulates β1 integrin expression in PrCa. Here we report that IGF-IR is crucial for PrCa cell growth and that β1 integrins contribute to the regulation of proliferation by IGF-IR. We demonstrate that β1 integrin regulation by IGF-IR does not occur at the mRNA level. Exogenous expression of a CD4 - β1 integrin cytoplasmic domain chimera does not interfere with such regulation and fails to stabilize β1 integrin expression in the absence of IGF-IR. This appears to be due to the lack of interaction between the β1 cytoplasmic domain and IGF-IR. We demonstrate that IGF-IR stabilizes the β1 subunit by protecting it from proteasomal degradation. The α5 subunit, one of the binding partners of β1, is also downregulated along with β1 upon IGF-IR knockdown while no change is observed in the expression of the α2, α3, α4, α6 and α7 subunits. Our results reveal a crucial mechanistic role for the α5β1 integrin, downstream of IGF-IR, in regulating cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aejaz Sayeed
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carmine Fedele
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marco Trerotola
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kirat K. Ganguly
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lucia R. Languino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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The antagonistic roles of PDGF and integrin αvβ3 in regulating ROS production at focal adhesions. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3807-15. [PMID: 23465490 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play crucial roles in regulating various cellular functions, e.g. focal adhesion (FA) dynamics and cell migration upon growth factor stimulation. However, it is not clear how ROS are regulated at subcellular FA sites to impact cell migration. We have developed a biosensor capable of monitoring ROS production at FA sites in live cells with high sensitivity and specificity, utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The results revealed that platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) can induce ROS production at FA sites, which is mediated by Rac1 activation. In contrast, integrins, specifically integrin αvβ3, inhibits this local ROS production. The RhoA activity can mediate this inhibitory role of integrins in regulating ROS production. Therefore, PDGF and integrin αvβ3 coordinate to have an antagonistic effect in the ROS production at FA sites to regulate cell adhesion and migration.
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26
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Yoshioka T, Otero J, Chen Y, Kim YM, Koutcher JA, Satagopan J, Reuter V, Carver B, de Stanchina E, Enomoto K, Greenberg NM, Scardino PT, Scher HI, Sawyers CL, Giancotti FG. β4 Integrin signaling induces expansion of prostate tumor progenitors. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:682-99. [PMID: 23348745 PMCID: PMC3561800 DOI: 10.1172/jci60720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The contextual signals that regulate the expansion of prostate tumor progenitor cells are poorly defined. We found that a significant fraction of advanced human prostate cancers and castration-resistant metastases express high levels of the β4 integrin, which binds to laminin-5. Targeted deletion of the signaling domain of β4 inhibited prostate tumor growth and progression in response to loss of p53 and Rb function in a mouse model of prostate cancer (PB-TAg mice). Additionally, it suppressed Pten loss-driven prostate tumorigenesis in tissue recombination experiments. We traced this defect back to an inability of signaling-defective β4 to sustain self-renewal of putative cancer stem cells in vitro and proliferation of transit-amplifying cells in vivo. Mechanistic studies indicated that mutant β4 fails to promote transactivation of ErbB2 and c-Met in prostate tumor progenitor cells and human cancer cell lines. Pharmacological inhibition of ErbB2 and c-Met reduced the ability of prostate tumor progenitor cells to undergo self-renewal in vitro. Finally, we found that β4 is often coexpressed with c-Met and ErbB2 in human prostate cancers and that combined pharmacological inhibition of these receptor tyrosine kinases exerts antitumor activity in a mouse xenograft model. These findings indicate that the β4 integrin promotes prostate tumorigenesis by amplifying ErbB2 and c-Met signaling in tumor progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Yoshioka
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Javier Otero
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason A. Koutcher
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jaya Satagopan
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Victor Reuter
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brett Carver
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Enomoto
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Norman M. Greenberg
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter T. Scardino
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Howard I. Scher
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
| | - Filippo G. Giancotti
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, New York, USA.
Departments of Molecular Pathology and Tumor Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program,
Department of Medicine,
Department of Medical Physics,
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Antitumor Assessment Core, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Hospital, MSKCC, New York, New York, USA
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27
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Broustas CG, Zhu A, Lieberman HB. Rad9 protein contributes to prostate tumor progression by promoting cell migration and anoikis resistance. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:41324-33. [PMID: 23066031 PMCID: PMC3510830 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.402784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rad9 as part of the Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 complex is known to participate in cell cycle checkpoint activation and DNA repair. However, Rad9 can act as a sequence-specific transcription factor, modulating expression of a number of genes. Importantly, Rad9 is up-regulated in prostate cancer cell lines and clinical specimens. Its expression correlates positively with advanced stage tumors and its down-regulation reduces tumor burden in mice. We show here that transient down-regulation of Rad9 by RNA interference reduces DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival in vitro. In addition, transient or stable down-regulation of Rad9 impairs migration and invasion of the cells. Moreover, stable reduction of Rad9 renders DU145 cell growth anchorage-dependent. It also decreases expression of integrin β1 protein and sensitizes DU145 and LNCaP cells to anoikis and impairs Akt activation. On the other hand, stable expression of Mrad9, the mouse homolog, in DU145/shRNA Rad9 cells restores migration, invasion, anchorage-independent growth, integrin β1 expression, and anoikis resistance with a concomitant elevation of Akt activation. We thus demonstrate for the first time that Rad9 contributes to prostate tumorigenesis by increasing not only tumor proliferation and survival but also tumor migration and invasion, anoikis resistance, and anchorage-independent growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos G. Broustas
- From the Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 and
| | - Aiping Zhu
- From the Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 and
| | - Howard B. Lieberman
- From the Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 and
- the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
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28
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β1 integrin deletion enhances progression of prostate cancer in the TRAMP mouse model. Sci Rep 2012; 2:526. [PMID: 22829980 PMCID: PMC3402831 DOI: 10.1038/srep00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
β1 integrin regulates the response of both normal and cancer cells to their local environment. Although mis-localised in prostate cancer, the role β1 integrin plays in prostate development and carcinogenesis remains unknown. To assess the role of β1 integrin in vivo, we conditionally deleted β1 integrin from prostate epithelium and subsequently crossed these mice to the TRAMP prostate carcinogenesis model. Deletion of β1 integrin following castration and subsequent androgen supplementation resulted in an expansion of the p63-positive basal cell population and decreased differentiation. Consistent with these findings, deletion of β1 integrin in TRAMP mice decreased animal survival, decreased retention of normal prostate morphology, increased the percentage of tissue with poorly differentiated carcinoma, and increased cell proliferation. This study demonstrates that β1 integrin regulates several aspects of normal prostate development and in contrast to its role in several other tissues, its loss is associated with increased rates of prostate tumour progression.
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29
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Goel HL, Chang C, Pursell B, Leav I, Lyle S, Xi HS, Hsieh CC, Adisetiyo H, Roy-Burman P, Coleman IM, Nelson PS, Vessella RL, Davis RJ, Plymate SR, Mercurio AM. VEGF/neuropilin-2 regulation of Bmi-1 and consequent repression of IGF-IR define a novel mechanism of aggressive prostate cancer. Cancer Discov 2012; 2:906-21. [PMID: 22777769 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-12-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We show that the VEGF receptor neuropilin-2 (NRP2) is associated with high-grade, PTEN-null prostate cancer and that its expression in tumor cells is induced by PTEN loss as a consequence of c-Jun activation. VEGF/NRP2 signaling represses insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-IR) expression and signaling, and the mechanism involves Bmi-1-mediated transcriptional repression of the IGF-IR. This mechanism has significant functional and therapeutic implications that were evaluated. IGF-IR expression positively correlates with PTEN and inversely correlates with NRP2 in prostate tumors. NRP2 is a robust biomarker for predicting response to IGF-IR therapy because prostate carcinomas that express NRP2 exhibit low levels of IGF-IR. Conversely, targeting NRP2 is only modestly effective because NRP2 inhibition induces compensatory IGF-IR signaling. Inhibition of both NRP2 and IGF-IR, however, completely blocks tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.
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30
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Siddle K. Molecular basis of signaling specificity of insulin and IGF receptors: neglected corners and recent advances. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:34. [PMID: 22649417 PMCID: PMC3355962 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptors utilize common phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and Ras/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways to mediate a broad spectrum of "metabolic" and "mitogenic" responses. Specificity of insulin and IGF action in vivo must in part reflect expression of receptors and responsive pathways in different tissues but it is widely assumed that it is also determined by the ligand binding and signaling mechanisms of the receptors. This review focuses on receptor-proximal events in insulin/IGF signaling and examines their contribution to specificity of downstream responses. Insulin and IGF receptors may differ subtly in the efficiency with which they recruit their major substrates (IRS-1 and IRS-2 and Shc) and this could influence effectiveness of signaling to "metabolic" and "mitogenic" responses. Other substrates (Grb2-associated binder, downstream of kinases, SH2Bs, Crk), scaffolds (RACK1, β-arrestins, cytohesins), and pathways (non-receptor tyrosine kinases, phosphoinositide kinases, reactive oxygen species) have been less widely studied. Some of these components appear to be specifically involved in "metabolic" or "mitogenic" signaling but it has not been shown that this reflects receptor-preferential interaction. Very few receptor-specific interactions have been characterized, and their roles in signaling are unclear. Signaling specificity might also be imparted by differences in intracellular trafficking or feedback regulation of receptors, but few studies have directly addressed this possibility. Although published data are not wholly conclusive, no evidence has yet emerged for signaling mechanisms that are specifically engaged by insulin receptors but not IGF receptors or vice versa, and there is only limited evidence for differential activation of signaling mechanisms that are common to both receptors. Cellular context, rather than intrinsic receptor activity, therefore appears to be the major determinant of whether responses to insulin and IGFs are perceived as "metabolic" or "mitogenic."
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Siddle
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge, UK.
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31
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Sayeed A, Alam N, Trerotola M, Languino LR. Insulin-like growth factor 1 stimulation of androgen receptor activity requires β(1A) integrins. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:751-8. [PMID: 21465482 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the findings that β1 integrins play a vital role in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival, the mechanisms through which they operate and lead to cancer progression remain elusive. Previously, our laboratory has shown that β(1A) integrins support insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGFI)-mediated mitogenic and transforming activities. Here, we report that β(1A) integrins regulate basal levels of IGF-IR, although they are not critical for maintaining cancer cell morphology. Upon transfection of β(1A) siRNA and consequent downregulation of IGF-IR, we show inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of prostate cancer cells, a function which is dependent on IGF-IR expression. In addition, we demonstrate that IGFI-mediated activation of androgen receptor (AR), known to occur in prostate cancer cells, requires expression of β(1A) integrins as evaluated by luciferase reporter assays and immunoblotting analysis. Since β(1A) integrin levels are increased by R1881 or dihydrotestosterone (DHT), our results imply that β(1A) integrins support an androgen-enhanced feedback loop that regulates the expression of IGF-IR. β(1A) integrins also regulate inducible levels of IGF-IR in cells stimulated by androgen or by a combination of androgen and IGFI, as evaluated by flow cytometric analysis and immunoblotting. Furthermore, upon transfection of β(1A) siRNA and consequent downregulation of IGF-IR, neither activation of AKT, an effector of IGF-IR, nor AR levels are affected. We conclude that β(1A) integrin expression is critical for maintaining the regulatory crosstalk between IGF-IR and AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aejaz Sayeed
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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32
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Drivalos A, Papatsoris AG, Chrisofos M, Efstathiou E, Dimopoulos MA. The role of the cell adhesion molecules (integrins/cadherins) in prostate cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2011; 37:302-6. [PMID: 21756376 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During prostate carcinogenesis the cellular adhesion molecules, i.e.; integrins and cadherins mediate aberrant interactions between glandular epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix. Several integrin α subunits are downregulated, while β subunits are up-regulated. The expression of several cadherins and catenins has specific prognostic value. There is an association between the expression of the E-cadherin/catenin complex and high grade prostate cancer. Clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of integrin antagonists are ongoing with promising results. In this article we update the role of integrins and cadherins in prostate carcinogenesis and evaluate the therapeutic potential of their manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Drivalos
- 2nd Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Sismanoglio Hospital, Athens, Greece
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33
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Long RK, Nishida S, Kubota T, Wang Y, Sakata T, Elalieh HZ, Halloran BP, Bikle DD. Skeletal unloading-induced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) nonresponsiveness is not shared by platelet-derived growth factor: the selective role of integrins in IGF-1 signaling. J Bone Miner Res 2011; 26:2948-58. [PMID: 21932337 PMCID: PMC3222734 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Integrin receptors bind extracellular matrix proteins, and this link between the cell membrane and the surrounding matrix may translate skeletal loading to biologic activity in osteoprogenitor cells. The interaction between integrin and growth factor receptors allows for mechanically induced regulation of growth factor signaling. Skeletal unloading leads to decreased bone formation and osteoblast proliferation that can be explained in part by a failure of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) to activate its signaling pathways in unloaded bone. The aim of this study is to determine whether unloading-induced resistance is specific for IGF-1 or common to other skeletal growth factors, and to examine the regulatory role of integrins in IGF-1 signaling. Bone marrow osteoprogenitor (BMOp) cells were isolated from control or hindlimb suspended rats. Unloaded BMOp cells treated with IGF-1 failed to respond with increased proliferation, receptor phosphorylation, or signaling activation in the setting of intact ligand binding, whereas the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) response was fully intact. Pretreatment of control BMOp cells with an integrin inhibitor, echistatin, failed to disrupt PDGF signaling but blocked IGF-1 signaling. Recovery of IGF-1 signaling in unloaded BMOp cells followed the recovery of marked reduction in integrin expression induced by skeletal unloading. Selective targeting of integrin subunits with siRNA oligonucleotides revealed that integrin β1 and β3 are required for normal IGF-1 receptor phosphorylation. We conclude that integrins, in particular integrin β3, are regulators of IGF-1, but not PDGF, signaling in osteoblasts, suggesting that PDGF could be considered for investigation in prevention and/or treatment of bone loss during immobilization and other forms of skeletal unloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger K Long
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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34
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Transglutaminases and receptor tyrosine kinases. Amino Acids 2011; 44:19-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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35
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New insights into the altered fibronectin matrix and extrasynaptic transmission in the aging brain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcgg.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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36
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Burnier JV, Wang N, Michel RP, Hassanain M, Li S, Lu Y, Metrakos P, Antecka E, Burnier MN, Ponton A, Gallinger S, Brodt P. Type IV collagen-initiated signals provide survival and growth cues required for liver metastasis. Oncogene 2011; 30:3766-83. [PMID: 21478904 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The liver is a major site of metastasis for human malignancies, yet the factors that regulate tumor cell survival and growth in this organ remain elusive. Previously, we reported that M-27(IGF-IR) murine lung carcinoma cells with ectopic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) receptor overexpression acquired a site-specific, liver-metastasizing potential. Gene expression profiling and subsequent RNA and protein analyses revealed that this was associated with major changes to the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein-encoding genes including type III, IV and XVIII collagen genes, and these changes were also observed in the respective tumors in vivo. Because type IV collagen was the most prominently altered ECM protein in this model, we further analyzed its functional relevance to liver metastasis. M-27 cells stably overexpressing type IV collagen α1 and α2 chains were generated and their growth and metastatic properties investigated. We found that these cells acquired a site-selective growth advantage in the liver and this was associated with cell rescue from anoikis in a collagen IV/α2 integrin/FAK-dependent manner and increased responsiveness to IGF-I. Conversely, collagen IV or focal adhesion kinase (FAK) silencing by small-interfering RNA in highly metastatic tumor cells enhanced anoikis and decreased liver metastases formation. Moreover, analysis of human surgical specimens revealed uniformly high collagen IV expression in 65/65 hepatic metastases analyzed, regardless of tissue of origin, whereas it was variable and generally low in 50/50 primary colorectal carcinoma specimens examined. The results suggest that collagen IV-conveyed signals are essential cues for liver metastasis in diverse tumor types and identify mediators of collagen IV signaling as potential therapeutic targets in the management of hepatic metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Burnier
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Center-Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal Quebec, Canada
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37
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Normal fibroblasts promote myodifferentiation of myoblasts from sex-linked dwarf chicken via up-regulation of β1 integrin. Cell Biol Int 2010; 34:1119-27. [DOI: 10.1042/cbi20090351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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38
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Thomas F, Holly JMP, Persad R, Bahl A, Perks CM. Fibronectin confers survival against chemotherapeutic agents but not against radiotherapy in DU145 prostate cancer cells: involvement of the insulin like growth factor-1 receptor. Prostate 2010; 70:856-65. [PMID: 20127733 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor growth is influenced by an increase in cell proliferation and a reduction in apoptosis; both of which are affected by alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM). Our aim was to assess if the susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to apoptosis induced by either chemotherapeutics or radiotherapy was altered by changes in the ECM. METHODS Prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and DU145 (androgen independent) cells were treated with chemotherapeutics (ceramide and docetaxel) or radiotherapy in the presence or absence of fibronectin, laminin, or vitronectin. Cell death was assessed using Trypan blue cell counting and apoptosis was confirmed by measuring PARP cleavage by Western immunoblotting (WIB). To identify a mechanism of action, changes in the abundance (WIB) or association (immunoprecipitation followed by WIB) of key proteins was also assessed. RESULTS We found that fibronectin, but not laminin or vitronectin activated a survival pathway that protected DU145 but not LNCaP prostate cancer cells against ceramide and docetaxel-induced apoptosis but not that induced by radiotherapy. This survival effect involved the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and beta1 integrin receptors and was associated with an increase in the recruitment of the beta1 integrin to a complex containing the IGF-IR and protein receptor for activated C kinase (RACK-1) and an increase in the abundance of a MAPK-phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). CONCLUSIONS Changes in the ECM associated with disease progression may contribute to resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs but not to radiation therapy. The susceptibility to chemotherapy may be improved by targeting either the IGF-I or beta1 integrin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Thomas
- Department of Clinical Sciences North Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
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39
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Goel HL, Underwood JM, Nickerson JA, Hsieh CC, Languino LR. Beta1 integrins mediate cell proliferation in three-dimensional cultures by regulating expression of the sonic hedgehog effector protein, GLI1. J Cell Physiol 2010; 224:210-7. [PMID: 20333644 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The beta1 integrins play an important role in the modulation of cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. We have previously shown that beta1 integrins associate with insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-IR) and regulate IGF-stimulated prostate cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, we find that downregulation of beta1 in prostate cancer cells inhibits IGF-IR and AKT activation. We also show that beta1 downregulation in two- and three-dimensional (3D) prostate cancer cell cultures significantly reduces expression of GLI1, a transcription factor known to be regulated by the IGF/AKT signaling pathway and to be a downstream effector of sonic hedgehog. Re-expression of GLI1 rescues the inhibitory effect of beta1 downregulation on prostate cancer cell proliferation in 3D cultures. We find that downregulation of beta1 significantly reduces surface expression of the associated alpha 5 integrin subunit. Our results indicate that the beta1/IGF-IR complex regulates expression of GLI1, which in turn promotes cancer cell proliferation in 3D cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
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40
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Goel HL, Moro L, Murphy-Ullrich JE, Hsieh CC, Wu CL, Jiang Z, Languino LR. Beta1 integrin cytoplasmic variants differentially regulate expression of the antiangiogenic extracellular matrix protein thrombospondin 1. Cancer Res 2009; 69:5374-82. [PMID: 19549894 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Beta(1) integrins play an important role in regulating cell proliferation and survival. Using small interfering RNA or an inhibitory antibody to beta(1), we show here that, in vivo, beta(1) integrins are essential for prostate cancer growth. Among the five known beta(1) integrin cytoplasmic variants, two have been shown to differentially affect prostate cell functions. The beta(1A) variant promotes normal and cancer cell proliferation, whereas the beta(1C) variant, which is down-regulated in prostate cancer, inhibits tumor growth and appears to have a dominant effect on beta(1A). To investigate the mechanism by which beta(1C) inhibits the tumorigenic potential of beta(1A), we analyzed changes in gene expression in cells transfected with either beta(1C) or beta(1A). The results show that beta(1C) expression increases the levels of an extracellular matrix protein, thrombospondin 1 (TSP1), an angiogenesis inhibitor. TSP1 protein levels are increased upon beta(1C) expression in prostate cancer cells as well as in beta(1)-null GD25 cells. We show that TSP1 does not affect proliferation, apoptosis, or anchorage-independent growth of prostate cancer cells. In contrast, the newly synthesized TSP1, secreted by prostate cancer cells expressing beta(1C), prevents proliferation of endothelial cells. In conclusion, our novel findings indicate that expression of the beta(1C) integrin variant in prostate glands prevents cancer progression by up-regulation of TSP1 levels and inhibition of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
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41
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Kiely PA, Baillie GS, Barrett R, Buckley DA, Adams DR, Houslay MD, O'Connor R. Phosphorylation of RACK1 on tyrosine 52 by c-Abl is required for insulin-like growth factor I-mediated regulation of focal adhesion kinase. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:20263-74. [PMID: 19423701 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.017640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) activity is controlled by growth factors and adhesion signals in tumor cells. The scaffolding protein RACK1 (receptor for activated C kinases) integrates insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and integrin signaling, but whether RACK1 is required for FAK function is unknown. Here we show that association of FAK with RACK1 is required for both FAK phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in response to IGF-I. Suppression of RACK1 by small interfering RNA ablates FAK phosphorylation and reduces cell adhesion, cell spreading, and clonogenic growth. Peptide array and mutagenesis studies localize the FAK binding interface to blades I-III of the RACK1 beta-propeller and specifically identify a set of basic and hydrophobic amino acids (Arg-47, Tyr-52, Arg-57, Arg-60, Phe-65, Lys-127, and Lys-130) as key determinants for association with FAK. Mutation of tyrosine 52 alone is sufficient to disrupt interaction of RACK1 with FAK in cells where endogenous RACK1 is suppressed by small interfering RNA. Cells expressing a Y52F mutant RACK1 are impaired in adhesion, growth, and foci formation. Comparative analyses of homology models and crystal structures for RACK1 orthologues suggest a role for Tyr-52 as a site for phosphorylation that induces conformational change in RACK1, switching the protein into a FAK binding state. Tyrosine 52 is further shown to be phosphorylated by c-Abl kinase, and the c-Abl inhibitor STI571 disrupts FAK interaction with RACK1. We conclude that FAK association with RACK1 is regulated by phosphorylation of Tyr-52. Our data reveal a novel mechanism whereby IGF-I and c-Abl control RACK1 association with FAK to facilitate adhesion signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Kiely
- From the Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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42
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Abstract
Integrins are cell surface transmembrane receptors that recognize and bind to extracellular matrix proteins and counter receptors. Binding of activated integrins to their ligands induces a vast number of structural and signaling changes within the cell. Large, multimolecular complexes assemble onto the cytoplasmic tails of activated integrins to engage and organize the cytoskeleton, and activate signaling pathways that ultimately lead to changes in gene expression. Additionally, integrin-mediated signaling intersects with growth factor-mediated signaling through various levels of cross-talk. This review discusses recent work that has tremendously broadened our understanding of the complexity of integrin-mediated signaling.
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43
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IGF-I induced rapid recruitment of integrin β1 to lipid rafts is Caveolin-1 dependent. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:489-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Stadler ME, Patel MR, Couch ME, Hayes DN. Molecular biology of head and neck cancer: risks and pathways. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2009; 22:1099-124, vii. [PMID: 19010262 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients present with a differential baseline risk of cancer based on normal and expected variations in genes associated with cancer. The baseline risk of developing cancer is acted on throughout life as the genome of different cells interacts with the environment in the form of exposures (eg, toxins, infections). As genetic damage is incurred throughout a lifetime (directly to DNA sequences or to the epigenome), events are set in motion to progressively disrupt normal cellular pathways toward tumorigenesis. This article attempts to characterize broad categories of genetic aberrations and pathways in a manner that might be useful for the clinician to understand the risk of developing cancer, the pathways that are disrupted, and the potential for molecular-based diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Stadler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #7070, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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45
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Ibrahim YH, Byron SA, Cui X, Lee AV, Yee D. Progesterone receptor-B regulation of insulin-like growth factor-stimulated cell migration in breast cancer cells via insulin receptor substrate-2. Mol Cancer Res 2008; 6:1491-8. [PMID: 18819936 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-07-2173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone action contributes to the signaling of many growth factor pathways relevant to breast cancer tumor biology, including the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system. Previous work has shown that insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) but not IRS-1 levels were regulated by progestin in progesterone receptor-B (PR-B) isoform expressing MCF-7 cells (C4-12 PR-B). Furthermore, type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) signaling via IRS-2 correlated with the increased cell migration observed in a number of breast cancer cell lines. Consequently, in this study, we examined whether the elevation of IRS-2 protein induced by progestin was sufficient to promote IGF-I-stimulated cell motility. Treatment of C4-12 PR-B cells with progestin shifted the balance of phosphorylation from IRS-1 to IRS-2 in response to IGF-I. This shift in IRS-2 activation was associated with enhanced migration in C4-12 PR-B cells pretreated with progestin, but had no effect on cell proliferation or survival. Treatment of C4-12 PR-B cells with RU486, an antiprogestin, inhibited IGF-induced cell migration. Attenuation of IRS-2 expression using small interfering RNA resulted in decreased IGF-stimulated motility. In addition, IRS-2 knockdown resulted in an abrogation of PKB/Akt phosphorylation but not mitogen-activated protein kinase. Consequently, LY294002, a phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitor, abolished IGF-induced cell motility in progestin-treated C4-12 PR-B cells. These data show a role for the PR in functionally promoting growth factor signaling, showing that levels of IRS proteins can determine IGF-mediated biology, PR-B signaling regulates IRS-2 expression, and that IRS-2 can mediate IGF-induced cell migration via phosphoinositide-3-kinase in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir H Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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46
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Abstract
Integrins, which are transmembrane receptors for extracellular matrix proteins, play a key role in cell survival, proliferation, migration, gene expression, and activation of growth factor receptors. Their functions and expression are deregulated in several types of cancer, including prostate cancer. In this article, we review the role of integrins in prostate cancer progression and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Cancer Biology and Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
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47
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Sameni M, Dosescu J, Yamada KM, Sloane BF, Cavallo-Medved D. Functional Live-Cell Imaging Demonstrates that β1-Integrin Promotes Type IV Collagen Degradation by Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol Imaging 2008. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2008.00019a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Sameni
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Julie Dosescu
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kenneth M. Yamada
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bonnie F. Sloane
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dora Cavallo-Medved
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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48
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Hollier BG, Kricker JA, Van Lonkhuyzen DR, Leavesley DI, Upton Z. Substrate-bound insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I-IGF binding protein-vitronectin-stimulated breast cell migration is enhanced by coactivation of the phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinase/AKT pathway by alphav-integrins and the IGF-I receptor. Endocrinology 2008; 149:1075-90. [PMID: 18079201 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-0740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
IGF-I can bind to the extracellular matrix protein vitronectin (VN) through the involvement of IGF-binding proteins-2, -3, -4, and -5. Because IGF-I and VN have established roles in tumor cell dissemination, we were keen to investigate the functional consequences of the interaction of IGF-I, IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), and VN in tumor cell biology. Hence, functional responses of MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells and normal nontumorgenic MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells were investigated to allow side-by-side comparisons of these complexes in both cancerous and normal breast cells. We demonstrate that substrate-bound IGF-I-IGFBP-VN complexes stimulate synergistic increases in cellular migration in both cell types. Studies using IGF-I analogs determined this stimulation to be dependent on both heterotrimeric IGF-I-IGFBP-VN complex formation and the involvement of the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). Furthermore, the enhanced cellular migration was abolished on incubation of MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells with function blocking antibodies directed at VN-binding integrins and the IGF-IR. Analysis of the signal transduction pathways underlying the enhanced cell migration revealed that the complexes stimulate a transient activation of the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway while simultaneously producing a sustained activation of the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway. Experiments using pharmacological inhibitors of these pathways determined a requirement for phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/AKT activation in the observed response. Overexpression of wild type and activated AKT further increases substrate-bound IGF-I-IGFBP-VN-stimulated migration. This study provides the first mechanistic insights into the action of IGF-I-IGFBP-VN complexes and adds further evidence to support the involvement of VN-binding integrins and their cooperativity with the IGF-IR in the promotion of tumor cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett G Hollier
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration ProgramInstitute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
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49
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Canonici A, Steelant W, Rigot V, Khomitch-Baud A, Boutaghou-Cherid H, Bruyneel E, Van Roy F, Garrouste F, Pommier G, André F. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor, E-cadherin and alpha v integrin form a dynamic complex under the control of alpha-catenin. Int J Cancer 2008; 122:572-82. [PMID: 17955485 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic crosstalk between cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix and soluble informative factors is essential for cancer cell migration and invasion. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which the E-cadherin/catenin complex and alpha v integrin can modulate insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)-induced cell migration. Human colon mucosa, human colon cancer cell lines, HT29-D4 and HCT-8 derivatives that differ in their expression of alpha-catenin, were used as models. Interactions between E-cadherin, alpha v integrin and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) were analyzed by coimmunoprecipitation and immunolocalization experiments. The impact of these interactions on cell mobility was determined by haptotaxis assays. We report that alpha v integrin, E-cadherin and IGF-IR form a ternary complex in both cultured cancer cells and human normal colonic mucosa. alpha-Catenin regulates the scaffolding of this complex. IGF-IR ligation by IGF-I induces the disruption of the complex and the relocalization of alpha v integrin from cell-cell contacts to focal contact sites. This perturbation is correlated with the observed increase in cell migration. These results suggest that regulation of the alpha v integrin/E-cadherin/IGF-IR scaffolding is essential for the modulation of cell mobility. Its alteration could be of major importance to sustain alterations in cell adhesion that occur during cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Canonici
- CISMET, FRE CNRS 2737, Universités d'Aix-Marseille I et II, Marseille, France
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50
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Alam N, Goel HL, Zarif MJ, Butterfield JE, Perkins HM, Sansoucy BG, Sawyer TK, Languino LR. The integrin-growth factor receptor duet. J Cell Physiol 2007; 213:649-53. [PMID: 17886260 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion receptors, referred to as integrins, are recognized as key regulators of cellular processes including growth and differentiation. Integrins communicate with growth factor receptors (GFRs) to control specific cellular responses to stimuli originating in the extracellular environment. In this article, we review the role of integrins as molecular switches that modulate GFR activation and specificity. We also examine the reciprocal modulation of integrin functions by GFRs and the mechanisms through which those actions are fine-tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naved Alam
- Department of Cancer Biology and Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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