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Vercouillie N, Ren Z, Terras E, Lammens T. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Neuroblastoma: Pathogenesis, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5690. [PMID: 38891878 PMCID: PMC11171840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant extracranial solid tumor of childhood. Recent studies involving the application of advanced high-throughput "omics" techniques have revealed numerous genomic alterations, including aberrant coding-gene transcript levels and dysfunctional pathways, that drive the onset, growth, progression, and treatment resistance of neuroblastoma. Research conducted in the past decade has shown that long non-coding RNAs, once thought to be transcriptomic noise, play key roles in cancer development. With the recent and continuing increase in the amount of evidence for the underlying roles of long non-coding RNAs in neuroblastoma, the potential clinical implications of these RNAs cannot be ignored. In this review, we discuss their biological mechanisms of action in the context of the central driving mechanisms of neuroblastoma, focusing on potential contributions to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of this disease. We also aim to provide a clear, integrated picture of future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Vercouillie
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
| | - Zhiyao Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Terras
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Lammens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.V.); (Z.R.); (E.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Sandhya S, Talukdar J, Gogoi G, Dey KS, Das B, Baishya D. Impact of coconut kernel extract on carcinogen-induced skin cancer model: Oxidative stress, C-MYC proto-oncogene and tumor formation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29385. [PMID: 38665592 PMCID: PMC11043960 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at analysing the effects of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) kernel extract (CKE) on oxidative stress, C-MYC proto-oncogene, and tumour formation in a skin cancer model. Tumorigenesis was induced by dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). In vitro antioxidant activity of CKE was assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), total phenolic and flavonoid content assays. CKE showed a higher antioxidant activity then ascorbic acid (*P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001). HPLC and NMR study of the CKE revealed the presence of lauric acid (LA). Following the characterization of CKE, mice were randomly assigned to receive DMBA/TPA Induction and CKE treatment at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) of body weight. LA 100 mg/kg of body weight used as standard. Significantly, the CKE200 and control groups' mice did not develop tumors; however, the CKE100 and CKE50 treated groups did develop tumors less frequently than the DMBA/TPA-treated mice. Histopathological analysis revealed that the epidermal layer in DMBA-induced mice was thicker and had squamous pearls along with a hyperplasia/dysplasia lesion, indicating skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), whereas the epidermal layers in CKE200-treated and control mice were normal. Additionally, the CKE treatment demonstrated a significant stimulatory effect on the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidase (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001) and c-MYC protein expression (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001). In conclusion, CKE prevents the growth of tumors on mouse skin by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing c-MYC overexpression brought on by DMBA/TPA induction. This makes it an effective dietary antioxidant with anti-tumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorra Sandhya
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati Research Park, Assam, India
| | - Joyeeta Talukdar
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati Research Park, Assam, India
| | - Gayatri Gogoi
- Department of Pathology, Assam Medical College and Hospital (AMCH), Assam, India
| | | | - Bikul Das
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati Research Park, Assam, India
- Department of Stem Cell and Infection, Thoreau Lab for Global Health, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Debabrat Baishya
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Sivagurunathan N, Calivarathan L. SARS-CoV-2 Infection to Premature Neuronal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Is there any Connection with Hypoxia? CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:431-448. [PMID: 37073650 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230418114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a global concern as it leads to a spectrum of mild to severe symptoms and increases death tolls around the world. Severe COVID-19 results in acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxia, and multi- organ dysfunction. However, the long-term effects of post-COVID-19 infection are still unknown. Based on the emerging evidence, there is a high possibility that COVID-19 infection accelerates premature neuronal aging and increases the risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases in mild to severely infected patients during the post-COVID period. Several studies correlate COVID-19 infection with neuronal effects, though the mechanism through which they contribute to the aggravation of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration is still under investigation. SARS-CoV-2 predominantly targets pulmonary tissues and interferes with gas exchange, leading to systemic hypoxia. The neurons in the brain require a constant supply of oxygen for their proper functioning, suggesting that they are more vulnerable to any alteration in oxygen saturation level that results in neuronal injury with or without neuroinflammation. We hypothesize that hypoxia is one of the major clinical manifestations of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection; it directly or indirectly contributes to premature neuronal aging, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration by altering the expression of various genes responsible for the survival of the cells. This review focuses on the interplay between COVID-19 infection, hypoxia, premature neuronal aging, and neurodegenerative diseases and provides a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmadhaa Sivagurunathan
- Molecular Pharmacology & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur - 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Latchoumycandane Calivarathan
- Molecular Pharmacology & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur - 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lee J, Chong K, Lee J, Kim C, Kim JH, Choi K, Choi C. Differential dependency of human glioblastoma cells on vascular endothelial growth factor‑A signaling via neuropilin‑1. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:122. [PMID: 36043525 PMCID: PMC9477108 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in human glioblastoma (GB), the understanding of its function as a co-receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) in angiogenesis is currently limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the non-classical function of NRP-1 expression in human GB. Expression patterns of NRP-1 and VEGF-A were determined by sandwich ELISA, western blot analysis, or immunohistochemistry. Differential dependency of GB cells following ablation of VEGF-A signaling was validated in vitro and in vivo. Cellular mechanism responsible for distinct response to VEGF-A signaling was evaluated by western blotting and immune-precipitation analysis. Prognostic implications were assessed using IHC analysis. GB cells exhibited differing sensitivity to silencing of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A signaling, which resulted in a distinct expression pattern of wild-type or chondroitin-sulfated NRP-1. VEGF-A-sensitive GB exhibited the physical interaction between wild-type NRP-1 and FMS related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt-1) whereas VEGF-A-resistant GB exhibited chondroitin-sulfated NRP-1 without interaction with Flt-1. Eliminating the chondroitin sulfate modification in NRP-1 led to re-sensitization to VEGF-A signaling, and chondroitin sulfate modification was found to be associated with an adverse prognosis in patients with GB. The present study identified the distinct functions of NRP-1 in VEGF-A signaling in accordance with its unique expression type and interaction with Flt-1. The present research is expected to provide a strong basis for targeting VEGF-A signaling in patients with GB, with variable responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwhoi Lee
- Department of Applied Life Science, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju‑do 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuha Chong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro‑gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsul Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong‑gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungyeul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro‑gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju‑do 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsun Choi
- ILIAS Biologics Inc., Yuseong‑gu, Daejeon 34014 34014, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhee Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong‑gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Amini J, Mollazadeh H, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Targeting angiogenesis in gliomas: Potential role of phytochemicals. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Targeting HIF-1α by Natural and Synthetic Compounds: A Promising Approach for Anti-Cancer Therapeutics Development. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165192. [PMID: 36014432 PMCID: PMC9413992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancement in novel target detection using improved molecular cancer biology has opened up new avenues for promising anti-cancer drug development. In the past two decades, the mechanism of tumor hypoxia has become more understandable with the discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). It is a major transcriptional regulator that coordinates the activity of various transcription factors and their downstream molecules involved in tumorigenesis. HIF-1α not only plays a crucial role in the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia but also regulates different biological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, cellular metabolism, angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, and propagation. Therefore, HIF-1α overexpression is strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients with different solid cancers. Hence, pharmacological targeting of HIF-1α has been considered to be a novel cancer therapeutic strategy in recent years. In this review, we provide brief descriptions of natural and synthetic compounds as HIF-1α inhibitors that have the potential to accelerate anticancer drug discovery. This review also introduces the mode of action of these compounds for a better understanding of the chemical leads, which could be useful as cancer therapeutics in the future.
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Ursolic Acid and Related Analogues: Triterpenoids with Broad Health Benefits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081161. [PMID: 34439409 PMCID: PMC8388988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a well-studied natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in herbs, fruit and a number of traditional Chinese medicinal plants. UA has a broad range of biological activities and numerous potential health benefits. In this review, we summarize the current data on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of UA and review the literature on the biological activities of UA and its closest analogues in the context of inflammation, metabolic diseases, including liver and kidney diseases, obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders. We end with a brief overview of UA’s main analogues with a special focus on a newly discovered naturally occurring analogue with intriguing biological properties and potential health benefits, 23-hydroxy ursolic acid.
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Isomura H, Taguchi A, Kajino T, Asai N, Nakatochi M, Kato S, Suzuki K, Yanagisawa K, Suzuki M, Fujishita T, Yamaguchi T, Takahashi M, Takahashi T. Conditional Ror1 knockout reveals crucial involvement in lung adenocarcinoma development and identifies novel HIF-1α regulator. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1614-1623. [PMID: 33506575 PMCID: PMC8019194 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that ROR1 is a crucial downstream gene for the TTF‐1/NKX2‐1 lineage‐survival oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma, while others have found altered expression of ROR1 in multiple cancer types. Accumulated evidence therefore indicates ROR1 as an attractive molecular target, though it has yet to be determined whether targeting Ror1 can inhibit tumor development and growth in vivo. To this end, genetically engineered mice carrying homozygously floxed Ror1 alleles and an SP‐C promoter–driven human mutant EGFR transgene were generated. Ror1 ablation resulted in marked retardation of tumor development and progression in association with reduced malignant characteristics and significantly better survival. Interestingly, gene set enrichment analysis identified a hypoxia‐induced gene set (HALLMARK_HYPOXIA) as most significantly downregulated by Ror1 ablation in vivo, which led to findings showing that ROR1 knockdown diminished HIF‐1α expression under normoxia and clearly hampered HIF‐1α induction in response to hypoxia in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The present results directly demonstrate the importance of Ror1 for in vivo development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma, and also identify Ror1 as a novel regulator of Hif‐1α. Thus, a future study aimed at the development of a novel therapeutic targeting ROR1 for treatment of solid tumors such as seen in lung cancer, which are frequently accompanied with a hypoxic tumor microenvironment, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Isomura
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Advanced Cancer Diagnostics, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kajino
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yanagisawa
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujishita
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamaguchi
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
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Kuenzi BM, Park J, Fong SH, Sanchez KS, Lee J, Kreisberg JF, Ma J, Ideker T. Predicting Drug Response and Synergy Using a Deep Learning Model of Human Cancer Cells. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:672-684.e6. [PMID: 33096023 PMCID: PMC7737474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Most drugs entering clinical trials fail, often related to an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms governing drug response. Machine learning techniques hold immense promise for better drug response predictions, but most have not reached clinical practice due to their lack of interpretability and their focus on monotherapies. We address these challenges by developing DrugCell, an interpretable deep learning model of human cancer cells trained on the responses of 1,235 tumor cell lines to 684 drugs. Tumor genotypes induce states in cellular subsystems that are integrated with drug structure to predict response to therapy and, simultaneously, learn biological mechanisms underlying the drug response. DrugCell predictions are accurate in cell lines and also stratify clinical outcomes. Analysis of DrugCell mechanisms leads directly to the design of synergistic drug combinations, which we validate systematically by combinatorial CRISPR, drug-drug screening in vitro, and patient-derived xenografts. DrugCell provides a blueprint for constructing interpretable models for predictive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent M Kuenzi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jisoo Park
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Samson H Fong
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kyle S Sanchez
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - John Lee
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jason F Kreisberg
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jianzhu Ma
- Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Trey Ideker
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Jannier S, Kemmel V, Sebastia Sancho C, Chammas A, Sabo AN, Pencreach E, Farace F, Chenard MP, Lhermitte B, Geoerger B, Aerts I, Frappaz D, Leblond P, André N, Ducassou S, Corradini N, Bertozzi AI, Guérin E, Vincent F, Velten M, Entz-Werle N. SFCE-RAPIRI Phase I Study of Rapamycin Plus Irinotecan: A New Way to Target Intra-Tumor Hypoxia in Pediatric Refractory Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103051. [PMID: 33092063 PMCID: PMC7656302 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary More and more relapsing or refractory pediatric cancers are described to present hypoxic features linked to a worse outcome. Therefore, the aim of our phase I study RAPIRI was the targeting of the central node mTor/HIF-1α with rapamycin plus irinotecan and determine the appropriated dose of this combination. As expected, the tolerance was optimal across all dose levels and no maximum tolerated dose of both drugs was reached. The pharmacokinetics (PK) helped us to refine the doses to use in the future phase II trial and the importance of PK follow-up in such combination. We also confirmed in almost half of the interpretable patients for tumor response a non-progressive disease. All those observations additionally to the ancillary’s studies provide strong evidence to propose a next trial focusing on brain tumors and sarcomas and using biweekly 125 mg/m2 irinotecan dose with a PK follow-up and a rapamycin dose of 1.5 mg/m2/day, reaching a blood concentration above 10 µg/L. Abstract Hypoxic environment is a prognostic factor linked in pediatric cancers to a worse outcome, favoring tumor progression and resistance to treatments. The activation of mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin (mTor)/hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α pathway can be targeted by rapamycin and irinotecan, respectively. Therefore, we designed a phase I trial associating both drugs in pediatric refractory/relapsing solid tumors. Patients were enrolled according to a 3 + 3 escalation design with ten levels, aiming to determine the MTD (maximum tolerated dose) of rapamycin plus irinotecan. Rapamycin was administered orally once daily in a 28-day cycle (1 to 2.5 mg/m2/day), associating biweekly intravenous irinotecan (125 to 240 mg/m2/dose). Toxicities, pharmacokinetics, efficacy analyses, and pharmacodynamics were evaluated. Forty-two patients, aged from 2 to 18 years, were included. No MTD was reached. Adverse events were mild to moderate. Only rapamycin doses of 1.5 mg/m2/day reached over time clinically active plasma concentrations. Tumor responses and prolonged stable disease were associated with a mean irinotecan area under the curve of more than 400 min.mg/L. Fourteen out of 31 (45.1%) patients had a non-progressive disease at 8 weeks. Most of them were sarcomas and brain tumors. For the phase II trial, we can then propose biweekly 125 mg/m2 irinotecan dose with a pharmacokinetic (PK) follow-up and a rapamycin dose of 1.5 mg/m2/day, reaching a blood concentration above 10 µg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jannier
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (S.J.); (F.V.)
| | - Véronique Kemmel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (V.K.); (A.-N.S.); (E.G.)
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology in Neurocardiology-EA7296, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Consuelo Sebastia Sancho
- Radiology Department, Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (C.S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Agathe Chammas
- Radiology Department, Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (C.S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Amelia-Naomie Sabo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (V.K.); (A.-N.S.); (E.G.)
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology in Neurocardiology-EA7296, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Erwan Pencreach
- Oncobiology Platform, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Françoise Farace
- «Circulating Tumor Cells» Translational Platform, Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France;
| | - Marie Pierre Chenard
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (M.P.C.); (B.L.)
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoit Lhermitte
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (M.P.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1015, 94800 Villejuif, France;
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- Oncology Center SIREDO, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Didier Frappaz
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Léon Berard Institute, 69373 Lyon, France; (D.F.); (P.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Pierre Leblond
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Léon Berard Institute, 69373 Lyon, France; (D.F.); (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Oscar Lambret Center, 59020 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas André
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, CHU La Timone, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Stephane Ducassou
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Department, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Nadège Corradini
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Léon Berard Institute, 69373 Lyon, France; (D.F.); (P.L.); (N.C.)
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Anne Isabelle Bertozzi
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Department, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Eric Guérin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (V.K.); (A.-N.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Florence Vincent
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (S.J.); (F.V.)
| | - Michel Velten
- Clinical Research Department, ICANS, 67200 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Natacha Entz-Werle
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France; (S.J.); (F.V.)
- UMR CNRS 7021, Laboratory Bioimaging and Pathologies, Tumoral Signaling and Therapeutic Targets, Faculty of Pharmacy, 67401 Illkirch, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-3-88-12-83-96
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Cangelosi D, Morini M, Zanardi N, Sementa AR, Muselli M, Conte M, Garaventa A, Pfeffer U, Bosco MC, Varesio L, Eva A. Hypoxia Predicts Poor Prognosis in Neuroblastoma Patients and Associates with Biological Mechanisms Involved in Telomerase Activation and Tumor Microenvironment Reprogramming. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2343. [PMID: 32825087 PMCID: PMC7563184 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological and clinical heterogeneity of neuroblastoma (NB) demands novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in order to drive the most appropriate treatment for each patient. Hypoxia is a condition of low-oxygen tension occurring in poorly vascularized tumor tissues. In this study, we aimed to assess the role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of NB and at developing a new clinically relevant hypoxia-based predictor of outcome. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of 1882 untreated NB primary tumors collected at diagnosis and belonging to four existing data sets. Analyses took advantage of machine learning methods. We identified NB-hop, a seven-gene hypoxia biomarker, as a predictor of NB patient prognosis, which is able to discriminate between two populations of patients with unfavorable or favorable outcome on a molecular basis. NB-hop retained its prognostic value in a multivariate model adjusted for established risk factors and was able to additionally stratify clinically relevant groups of patients. Tumors with an unfavorable NB-hop expression showed a significant association with telomerase activation and a hypoxic, immunosuppressive, poorly differentiated, and apoptosis-resistant tumor microenvironment. NB-hop defines a new population of NB patients with hypoxic tumors and unfavorable prognosis and it represents a critical factor for the stratification and treatment of NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cangelosi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (N.Z.); (L.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Martina Morini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (N.Z.); (L.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Nicolò Zanardi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (N.Z.); (L.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Angela Rita Sementa
- Laboratory of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Marco Muselli
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, Italian National Research Council, 16149 Genova, Italy;
| | - Massimo Conte
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Alberto Garaventa
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Integrated Oncology Therapies Department, Molecular Pathology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Maria Carla Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (N.Z.); (L.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Luigi Varesio
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (N.Z.); (L.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Alessandra Eva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.M.); (N.Z.); (L.V.); (A.E.)
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12
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Zhou C, Zou QY, Jiang YZ, Zheng J. Role of oxygen in fetoplacental endothelial responses: hypoxia, physiological normoxia, or hyperoxia? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C943-C953. [PMID: 32267717 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00528.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, placental vascular growth, which is essential for supporting the rapidly growing fetus, is associated with marked elevations in blood flow. These vascular changes take place under chronic physiological low O2 (less than 2-8% O2 in human; chronic physiological normoxia, CPN) throughout pregnancy. O2 level below CPN pertinent to the placenta results in placental hypoxia. Such hypoxia can cause severe endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes (e.g., preeclampsia) and high risk of adult-onset cardiovascular diseases in children born to these pregnancy complications. However, our current knowledge about the mechanisms underlying fetoplacental endothelial function is derived primarily from cell models established under atmospheric O2 (~21% O2 at sea level, hyperoxia). Recent evidence has shown that fetoplacental endothelial cells cultured under CPN have distinct gene expression profiles and cellular responses compared with cells cultured under chronic hyperoxia. These data indicate the critical roles of CPN in programming fetal endothelial function and prompt us to re-examine the mechanisms governing fetoplacental endothelial function under CPN. Better understanding these mechanisms will facilitate us to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies for endothelial dysfunction-associated diseases (e.g., preeclampsia). This review will provide a brief summary on the impacts of CPN on endothelial function and its underlying mechanisms with a focus on fetoplacental endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhou
- Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Qing-Yun Zou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.,Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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13
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Hypoxia in the Initiation and Progression of Neuroblastoma Tumours. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010039. [PMID: 31861671 PMCID: PMC6982287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most frequent extracranial solid tumour in children, causing 10% of all paediatric oncology deaths. It arises in the embryonic neural crest due to an uncontrolled behaviour of sympathetic nervous system progenitors, giving rise to heterogeneous tumours. Low local or systemic tissue oxygen concentration has emerged as a cellular stimulus with important consequences for tumour initiation, evolution and progression. In neuroblastoma, several evidences point towards a role of hypoxia in tumour initiation during development, tumour cell differentiation, survival and metastatic spreading. However, the heterogeneous nature of the disease, its developmental origin and the lack of suitable experimental models have complicated a clear understanding of the effect of hypoxia in neuroblastoma tumour progression and the molecular mechanisms implicated. In this review, we have compiled available evidences to try to shed light onto this important field. In particular, we explore the effect of hypoxia in neuroblastoma cell transformation and differentiation. We also discuss the experimental models available and the emerging alternatives to study this problem, and we present hypoxia-related therapeutic avenues being explored in the field.
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14
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Sadaghianloo N, Contenti J, Dardik A, Mazure NM. Role of Hypoxia and Metabolism in the Development of Neointimal Hyperplasia in Arteriovenous Fistulas. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215387. [PMID: 31671790 PMCID: PMC6862436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis, their vascular access is both their lifeline and their Achilles heel. Despite being recommended as primary vascular access, the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) shows sub-optimal results, with about 50% of patients needing a revision during the year following creation. After the AVF is created, the venous wall must adapt to new environment. While hemodynamic changes are responsible for the adaptation of the extracellular matrix and activation of the endothelium, surgical dissection and mobilization of the vein disrupt the vasa vasorum, causing wall ischemia and oxidative stress. As a consequence, migration and proliferation of vascular cells participate in venous wall thickening by a mechanism of neointimal hyperplasia (NH). When aggressive, NH causes stenosis and AVF dysfunction. In this review we show how hypoxia, metabolism, and flow parameters are intricate mechanisms responsible for the development of NH and stenosis during AVF maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvana Sadaghianloo
- Centre de Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice CEDEX 03, France.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Julie Contenti
- Centre de Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice CEDEX 03, France.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
- Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Nathalie M Mazure
- Centre de Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, 151 Route de St Antoine de Ginestière, BP2 3194, 06204 Nice CEDEX 03, France.
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06000 Nice, France.
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15
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Das B, Pal B, Bhuyan R, Li H, Sarma A, Gayan S, Talukdar J, Sandhya S, Bhuyan S, Gogoi G, Gouw AM, Baishya D, Gotlib JR, Kataki AC, Felsher DW. MYC Regulates the HIF2α Stemness Pathway via Nanog and Sox2 to Maintain Self-Renewal in Cancer Stem Cells versus Non-Stem Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4015-4025. [PMID: 31266772 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) maintain both undifferentiated self-renewing CSCs and differentiated, non-self-renewing non-CSCs through cellular division. However, molecular mechanisms that maintain self-renewal in CSCs versus non-CSCs are not yet clear. Here, we report that in a transgenic mouse model of MYC-induced T-cell leukemia, MYC, maintains self-renewal in Sca1+ CSCs versus Sca-1- non-CSCs. MYC preferentially bound to the promoter and activated hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF2α) in Sca-1+ cells only. Furthermore, the reprogramming factors, Nanog and Sox2, facilitated MYC regulation of HIF2α in Sca-1+ versus Sca-1- cells. Reduced expression of HIF2α inhibited the self-renewal of Sca-1+ cells; this effect was blocked through suppression of ROS by N-acetyl cysteine or the knockdown of p53, Nanog, or Sox2. Similar results were seen in ABCG2+ CSCs versus ABCG2- non-CSCs from primary human T-cell lymphoma. Thus, MYC maintains self-renewal exclusively in CSCs by selectively binding to the promoter and activating the HIF2α stemness pathway. Identification of this stemness pathway as a unique CSC determinant may have significant therapeutic implications. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that the HIF2α stemness pathway maintains leukemic stem cells downstream of MYC in human and mouse T-cell leukemias. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/16/4015/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikul Das
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. .,Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bidisha Pal
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rashmi Bhuyan
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hong Li
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Anupam Sarma
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sukanya Gayan
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Joyeeta Talukdar
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sorra Sandhya
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Seema Bhuyan
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Gayatri Gogoi
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Pathology, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Arvin M Gouw
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Debabrat Baishya
- Department of Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jason R Gotlib
- Division of Hematology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Amal C Kataki
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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16
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Maugeri G, D'Amico AG, Federico C, Saccone S, Giunta S, Cavallaro S, D'Agata V. Involvement of A 3 Adenosine Receptor in Neuroblastoma Progression via Modulation of the Hypoxic/Angiogenic Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:166-176. [PMID: 31166001 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. The clinical course may range from spontaneous regression towards ganglioneuroblastoma/ganglioneuroma or maturation to a very aggressive form characterized by an extensive hypoxic area. In solid tumors, extracellular microenvironment hypoxia induces the transcription of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) leading to synthesis of pro-angiogenic factor, VEGF; also, it increases extracellular adenosine production from ATP breakdown. To date, the role of this nucleoside in the hypoxic/angiogenic pathway characterizing the core of cancer mass has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the adenosine effect on modulation of the HIF-1α/2α/VEGF pathway mediated through A3 AR binding. To this end, we have used a selective A3 AR agonist IB-MECA or antagonist VUF 5574 in an in vitro model of malignant undifferentiated and all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, representing the benign form of NB. Our results have shown that specific A3 AR stimulation induces HIF and VEGF expression through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/Erk kinase signaling cascade. In conclusion, the data suggest that A3 AR may represent a marker of NB malignancy as well as a drug target for treatment of this solid tumor. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Maugeri
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Agata Grazia D'Amico
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Federico
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Saccone
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Giunta
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Velia D'Agata
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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17
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Raja MAG, Katas H, Amjad MW. Design, mechanism, delivery and therapeutics of canonical and Dicer-substrate siRNA. Asian J Pharm Sci 2019; 14:497-510. [PMID: 32104477 PMCID: PMC7032099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi), canonical small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been recognized to trigger sequence-specific gene silencing. Despite the benefits of siRNAs as potential new drugs, there are obstacles still to be overcome, including off-target effects and immune stimulation. More recently, Dicer substrate siRNA (DsiRNA) has been introduced as an alternative to siRNA. Similarly, it also is proving to be potent and target-specific, while rendering less immune stimulation. DsiRNA is 25–30 nucleotides in length, and is further cleaved and processed by the Dicer enzyme. As with siRNA, it is crucial to design and develop a stable, safe, and efficient system for the delivery of DsiRNA into the cytoplasm of targeted cells. Several polymeric nanoparticle systems have been well established to load DsiRNA for in vitro and in vivo delivery, thereby overcoming a major hurdle in the therapeutic uses of DsiRNA. The present review focuses on a comparison of siRNA and DsiRNA on the basis of their design, mechanism, in vitro and in vivo delivery, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abdul Ghafoor Raja
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 73211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haliza Katas
- Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Wahab Amjad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 73211, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Zou J, Lin J, Li C, Zhao R, Fan L, Yu J, Shao J. Ursolic Acid in Cancer Treatment and Metastatic Chemoprevention: From Synthesized Derivatives to Nanoformulations in Preclinical Studies. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 19:245-256. [PMID: 30332961 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666181016145940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer metastasis has emerged as a major public health threat that causes majority of cancer fatalities. Traditional chemotherapeutics have been effective in the past but suffer from low therapeutic efficiency and harmful side-effects. Recently, it has been reported ursolic acid (UA), one of the naturally abundant pentacyclic triterpenes, possesses a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-cancer properties. More importantly, UA has the features of low toxicity, liver protection and the potential of anti-cancer metastasis. OBJECTIVE This article aimed at reviewing the great potential of UA used as a candidate drug in the field of cancer therapy relating to suppression of tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. METHODS Selective searches were conducted in Pubmed, Google Scholar and Web of Science using the keywords and subheadings from database inception to December 2017. Systemic reviews are summarized here. RESULTS UA has exhibited chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of cancer mainly through inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, preventing tumor angiogenesis and metastatic. UA nanoformulations could enhance the solubility and bioavailability of UA as well as exhibit better inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastasis. CONCLUSION The information presented in this article can provide useful references for further studies on making UA a promising anti-cancer drug, especially as a prophylactic metastatic agent for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Juanfang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Chao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ruirui Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Lulu Fan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jesse Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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19
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Peng H, Wang S, Pang L, Yang L, Chen Y, Cui XB. Comprehensive bioinformation analysis of methylated and differentially expressed genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Omics 2019; 15:88-100. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mo00218e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) play a crucial role in the etiology and pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Shihezi University School of Medicine
- North 4th Road
- Shihezi 832002
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Shihezi University School of Medicine
- North 4th Road
- Shihezi 832002
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Shihezi University School of Medicine
- North 4th Road
- Shihezi 832002
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Shihezi University School of Medicine
- North 4th Road
- Shihezi 832002
| | - Yunzhao Chen
- The People's Hospital of Suzhou National Hi-Tech District
- Department of Pathology
- Suzhou High-tech Zone People's Hospital No. 95
- Huashan Road
- Suzhou High-tech Zone
| | - Xiao-bin Cui
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Shihezi University School of Medicine
- North 4th Road
- Shihezi 832002
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20
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Zhao XM, Wang Y, Yu Y, Jiang H, Babinska A, Chen XY, He KG, Min XD, Han JJ, Yang CX, Deng K, Xue J, Zhang X, Song GH, Qin SC, Jiang XC. Plasma Phospholipid Transfer Protein Promotes Platelet Aggregation. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:2086-2097. [PMID: 30419596 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1675228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is involved in hyper-coagulation or hypo-coagulation. This study investigated the direct effect of PLTP on platelet aggregation and the underlying mechanism. Washed platelets from humans or mice and mouse platelet-rich plasma and human recombinant PLTP were isolated. PLTP is present in human platelets. We assessed adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, collagen- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, phosphatidylserine externalization and photothrombosis-induced cerebral infarction in mice. PLTP over-expression increased platelet aggregation, while PLTP deficiency had the opposing reaction. Human recombinant PLTP increased both mouse and human platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Phosphatidylserine externalization provides a water/lipid surface for the interaction of coagulation factors, which accelerates thrombosis. Compared with wild-type controls, platelets from PLTP transgenic mice had significantly more phosphatidylserine on the exterior surface of the plasma membrane, whereas platelets from PLTP-deficient mice had significantly less phosphatidylserine on the surface, thus PLTP influences fibrinogen binding on the plasma membrane. Moreover, recombinant PLTP together with ADP significantly increased phosphatidylserine exposure on the plasma membrane of PLTP-deficient platelets, thereby increasing fibrinogen binding. PLTP over-expression significantly accelerated the incidence of photothrombosis-induced infarction in mice, whereas PLTP deficiency significantly reduced the frequency of infarction. We concluded that PLTP promotes phosphatidylserine externalization at the plasma membrane of platelets and accelerates ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation. This effect plays an important role in the initiation of thrombin generation and platelet aggregation under sheer stress conditions. Thus, PLTP is involved in hyper-coagulation. Therefore, PLTP inhibition could be a novel approach for countering thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Zhao
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yun Wang
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yang Yu
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States
| | - Anna Babinska
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States
| | - Xiu-Yu Chen
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Ke-Gui He
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Min
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Ji-Ju Han
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Kevin Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States
| | - Jing Xue
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guo-Hua Song
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Shu-Cun Qin
- The Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Program, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, New York, United States
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21
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Hatakeyama K, Ohshima K, Nagashima T, Ohnami S, Ohnami S, Serizawa M, Shimoda Y, Maruyama K, Akiyama Y, Urakami K, Kusuhara M, Mochizuki T, Yamaguchi K. Molecular profiling and sequential somatic mutation shift in hypermutator tumours harbouring POLE mutations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8700. [PMID: 29880869 PMCID: PMC5992218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective DNA polymerase ε (POLE) proofreading leads to extensive somatic mutations that exhibit biased mutational properties; however, the characteristics of POLE-mutated tumours remain unclear. In the present study, we describe a molecular profile using whole exome sequencing based on the transition of somatic mutations in 10 POLE-mutated solid tumours that were obtained from 2,042 Japanese patients. The bias of accumulated variations in these mutants was quantified to follow a pattern of somatic mutations, thereby classifying the sequential mutation shift into three periods. During the period prior to occurrence of the aberrant POLE, bare accumulation of mutations in cancer-related genes was observed, whereas PTEN was highly mutated in conjunction with or subsequent to the event, suggesting that POLE and PTEN mutations were responsible for the development of POLE-mutated tumours. Furthermore, homologous recombination was restored following the occurrence of PTEN mutations. Our strategy for estimation of the footprint of somatic mutations may provide new insight towards the understanding of mutation-driven tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hatakeyama
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Ohshima
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
- SRL Inc., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-0409, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ohnami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Sumiko Ohnami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masakuni Serizawa
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimoda
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
- SRL Inc., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-0409, Japan
| | - Koji Maruyama
- Experimental Animal Facility, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yasuto Akiyama
- Immunotheraphy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Kenichi Urakami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kusuhara
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
- Regional Resource Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Tohru Mochizuki
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
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22
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Kumar S, Sun JD, Zhang L, Mokhtari RB, Wu B, Meng F, Liu Q, Bhupathi D, Wang Y, Yeger H, Hart C, Baruchel S. Hypoxia-Targeting Drug Evofosfamide (TH-302) Enhances Sunitinib Activity in Neuroblastoma Xenograft Models. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:911-919. [PMID: 29803017 PMCID: PMC6041570 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapy has shown promising results in preclinical and clinical trials. However, tumor cells acquire resistance to this therapy by gaining ability to survive and proliferate under hypoxia induced by antiangiogenic therapy. Combining antiangiogenic therapy with hypoxia-activated prodrugs can overcome this limitation. Here, we have tested the combination of antiangiogenic drug sunitinib in combination with hypoxia-activated prodrug evofosfamide in neuroblastoma. In vitro, neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE(2) was 40-folds sensitive to evofosfamide under hypoxia compared to normoxia. In IV metastatic model, evofosfamide significantly increased mice survival compared to the vehicle (P=.02). In SK-N-BE(2) subcutaneous xenograft model, we tested two different treatment regimens using 30 mg/kg sunitinib and 50 mg/kg evofosfamide. Here, sunitinib therapy when started along with evofosfamide treatment showed higher efficacy compared to single agents in subcutaneous SK-N-BE(2) xenograft model, whereas sunitinib when started 7 days after evofosfamide treatment did not have any advantage compared to treatment with either single agent. Immunofluorescence of tumor sections revealed higher number of apoptotic cells and hypoxic areas compared to either single agent when both treatments were started together. Treatment with 80 mg/kg sunitinib with 50 mg/kg evofosfamide was significantly superior to single agents in both xenograft and metastatic models. This study confirms the preclinical efficacy of sunitinib and evofosfamide in murine models of aggressive neuroblastoma. Sunitinib enhances the efficacy of evofosfamide by increasing hypoxic areas, and evofosfamide targets hypoxic tumor cells. Consequently, each drug enhances the activity of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Jessica D Sun
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Libo Zhang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Reza Bayat Mokhtari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4; Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Bing Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Fanying Meng
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Qian Liu
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Deepthi Bhupathi
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Yan Wang
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Herman Yeger
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8; Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4
| | - Charles Hart
- Threshold Pharmaceuticals Inc., 170 Harbor Way # 300, South San Francisco, CA, USA, 94080
| | - Sylvain Baruchel
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 0A4; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8.
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23
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Gu Y, Yu H, Hao C, Martin TA, Hargest R, He J, Cheng S, Jiang WG. NHERF1 regulates the progression of colorectal cancer through the interplay with VEGFR2 pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7753-7765. [PMID: 27999191 PMCID: PMC5352358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of ectopic expression of Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1) was recently suggested in colorectal cancer, where it was implicated in playing a role in the tumor hypoxia microenvironment. Here we showed that a high level expression of NHERF1 was found in colorectal cancer tissues and that the expression of NHERF1 was positively correlated with VEGFR2 expression. The prognostic value of VEGFR2 expression in colorectal cancer relied on the expression of NHERF1. The up-regulation of NHERF1 induced by the exposure to hypoxia in colon cancer cells depended on the activation of VEGFR2 signaling. NHERF1 in turn inhibited the activation of VEGFR2 signaling which could be regulated by the interaction between NHERF1 and VEGFR2, resulting in the reduction of migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. These results suggest a dynamic interplay between NHERF1 and VEGFR2 signaling in colorectal cancer, which could explain the contribution of NHERF1 to the regulation of tumor cell responses to the hypoxia microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hefen Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chengcheng Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tracey A Martin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rachel Hargest
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Junqi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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24
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of new water-soluble photoactive chlorin conjugate for targeted delivery. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:740-750. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Morscher RJ, Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Hauser-Kronberger C, Feichtinger RG, Sperl W, Kofler B. Combination of metronomic cyclophosphamide and dietary intervention inhibits neuroblastoma growth in a CD1-nu mouse model. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17060-73. [PMID: 26959744 PMCID: PMC4941371 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYCN-amplification in high-grade Neuroblastoma (NB) tumors correlates with increased vascularization and therapy resistance. This study combines an anti-angiogenic approach with targeting NB metabolism for treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS Metronomic cyclophosphamide (MCP) monotherapy significantly inhibited NB growth and prolonged host survival. Growth inhibition was more pronounced in MYCN-amplified xenografts. Immunohistochemical evaluation of this subtype showed significant decrease in blood vessel density and intratumoral hemorrhage accompanied by blood vessel maturation and perivascular fibrosis. Up-regulation of VEGFA was not sufficient to compensate for the effects of the MCP regimen. Reduced Bcl-2 expression and increased caspase-3 cleavage were evident. In contrast non MYCN-amplified tumors developed resistance, which was accompanied by Bcl-2-up-regulation. Combining MCP with a ketogenic diet and/or calorie-restriction significantly enhanced the anti-tumor effect. Calorie-restricted ketogenic diet in combination with MCP resulted in tumor regression in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Our data show efficacy of combining an anti-angiogenic cyclophosphamide dosing regimen with dietary intervention in a preclinical NB model. These findings might open a new front in NB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Johannes Morscher
- Laura Bassi Centre of Expertise-THERAPEP, Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Division of Medical Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Laura Bassi Centre of Expertise-THERAPEP, Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - René Günther Feichtinger
- Laura Bassi Centre of Expertise-THERAPEP, Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sperl
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Laura Bassi Centre of Expertise-THERAPEP, Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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26
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Minakshi R, Rahman S, Jan AT, Archana A, Kim J. Implications of aging and the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response on the molecular modality of breast cancer. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e389. [PMID: 29123254 PMCID: PMC5704197 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important subcellular organelle that is involved in numerous activities required to achieve and maintain functional proteins in addition to its role in the biosynthesis of lipids and as a repository of intracellular Ca2+. The inability of the ER to cope with protein folding beyond its capacity causes disturbances that evoke ER stress. Cells possess molecular mechanisms aimed at clearing unwanted cargo from the ER lumen as an adaptive response, but failing to do so navigates the system towards cell death. This systemic approach is called the unfolded protein response. Aging insults cells through various perturbations in homeostasis that involve curtailing ER function by mitigating the expression of its resident chaperones and enzymes. Here the unfolded protein response (UPR) cannot protect the cell due to the weakening of its protective arm, which exacerbates imbalanced homeostasis. Aging predisposed breast malignancy activates the UPR, but tumor cells maneuver the mechanistic details of the UPR, favoring tumorigenesis and thereby eliciting a treacherous condition. Tumor cells exploit UPR pathways via crosstalk involving various signaling cascades that usher tumor cells to immortality. This review aims to present a collection of data that can delineate the missing links of molecular signatures between aging and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinki Minakshi
- Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ayyagari Archana
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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27
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Ashar-Patel A, Kaymaz Y, Rajakumar A, Bailey JA, Karumanchi SA, Moore MJ. FLT1 and transcriptome-wide polyadenylation site (PAS) analysis in preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12139. [PMID: 28939845 PMCID: PMC5610261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal symptoms of preeclampsia (PE) are primarily driven by excess anti-angiogenic factors originating from the placenta. Chief among these are soluble Flt1 proteins (sFlt1s) produced from alternatively polyadenylated mRNA isoforms. Here we used polyadenylation site sequencing (PAS-Seq) of RNA from normal and PE human placentae to interrogate transcriptome-wide gene expression and alternative polyadenylation signatures associated with early-onset PE (EO-PE; symptom onset < 34 weeks) and late-onset PE (LO-PE; symptom onset > 34 weeks) cohorts. While we observed no general shift in alternative polyadenylation associated with PE, the EO-PE and LO-PE cohorts do exhibit gene expression profiles distinct from both each other and from normal placentae. The only two genes upregulated across all transcriptome-wide PE analyses to date (microarray, RNA-Seq and PAS-Seq) are NRIP1 (RIP140), a transcriptional co-regulator linked to metabolic syndromes associated with obesity, and Flt1. Consistent with sFlt1 overproduction being a significant driver of clinical symptoms, placental Flt1 mRNA levels strongly correlate with maternal blood pressure. For Flt1, just three mRNA isoforms account for > 94% of all transcripts, with increased transcription of the entire locus driving Flt1 upregulation in both EO-PE and LO-PE. These three isoforms thus represent potential targets for therapeutic RNA interference (RNAi) in both early and late presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Ashar-Patel
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yasin Kaymaz
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Augustine Rajakumar
- Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.,Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bailey
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - S Ananth Karumanchi
- Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa J Moore
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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28
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Song B, Zhang Q, Yu M, Qi X, Wang G, Xiao L, Yi Q, Jin W. Ursolic acid sensitizes radioresistant NSCLC cells expressing HIF-1α through reducing endogenous GSH and inhibiting HIF-1α. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:754-762. [PMID: 28356955 PMCID: PMC5351155 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, the present authors demonstrated that effective sensitization of ionizing radiation-induced death of tumor cells, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, could be produced by oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid present in plants. In the present study, it was investigated whether ursolic acid (UA), an isomer of OA, had also the capacity of sensitizing radioresistant NSCLC cells. The radioresistant cell line H1299/M-hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was established by transfection with a recombinant plasmid expressing mutant HIF-1α (M-HIF-1α). Compared with parental H1299 cells and H1299 cells transfected with empty plasmid, H1299/M-HIF-1α cells had lower radiosensitivity. Following the use of UA to treat NSCLC cells, elevation of the radiosensitivity of cells was observed by MTT assay. The irradiated H1299/M-HIF-1α cells were more sensitive to UA pretreatment than the irradiated cells with empty plasmid and control. The alteration of DNA damage in the irradiated cells was further measured using micronucleus (MN) assay. The combination of UA treatment with radiation could induce the increase of cellular MN frequencies, in agreement with the change in the tendency observed in the cell viability assay. It was further shown that the endogenous glutathione (GSH) contents were markedly attenuated in the differently irradiated NSCLC cells with UA (80 µmol/l) pretreatment through glutathione reductase/5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrob-enzoic acid) (DTNB) recycling assay. The results revealed that UA treatment alone could effectively decrease the GSH content in H1299/M-HIF-1α cells. In addition, the inhibition of HIF-1α expression in radioresistant cells was confirmed by western blotting. It was then concluded that UA could upregulate the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells, and in particular reduce the refractory response of cells expressing HIF-1α to ionizing radiation. The primary mechanism is associated with reduction of endogenous GSH and inhibition of high expression of intracellular HIF-1α. UA should therefore be deeply studied as a potential radiosensitizing reagent for NSCLC radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Song
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Maohu Yu
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xinrong Qi
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Xiao
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qiyi Yi
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wensen Jin
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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29
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Gao JL, Shui YM, Jiang W, Huang EY, Shou QY, Ji X, He BC, Lv GY, He TC. Hypoxia pathway and hypoxia-mediated extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis are involved in ursolic acid's anti-metastatic effect in 4T1 tumor bearing mice. Oncotarget 2016; 7:71802-71816. [PMID: 27708244 PMCID: PMC5342124 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic in the tumor mass is leading to the myeloproliferative-like disease (leukemoid reaction) and anemia of body, which characterized by strong extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in spleen. As the key transcription factor of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activates the expression of genes essential for EMH processes including enhanced blood cell production and angiogenesis. We found ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, inhibited growth of breast cancer both in vivo and in vitro. The suppression was mediated through the inhibition of multiple cell pathways linked to inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. UA also suppressed the leukemoid reaction and the EMH phenomenon of the tumor bearing mice without any significant suppression on body weight (i.p. by 20 mg/kg for 28 days). This is associated with the significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT) and spleen weight. During this process, we also detected the down-regulation of cell proliferative genes (PCNA, and β-catenin), and metastatic genes (VEGF, and HIF-1α), as well as the depression of nuclear protein intensity of HIF-1α. Furthermore, the expression of E2F1, p53 and MDM2 genes were increased in UA group when the VEGF and HIF-1α was over-expressed. Cancer cells were sensitive to UA treating after the silencing of HIF-1α and the response of Hypoxic pathway reporter to UA was suppressed when HIF-1α was over expressed. Overall, our results from experimental and predictive studies suggest that the anticancer activity of UA may be at least in part caused by suppressing the cancer hypoxia and hypoxia-mediated EMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Li Gao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yan-Mei Shui
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - En-Yi Huang
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qi-Yang Shou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xin Ji
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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30
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Melton DW, Lei X, Gelfond JAL, Shireman PK. Dynamic macrophage polarization-specific miRNA patterns reveal increased soluble VEGF receptor 1 by miR-125a-5p inhibition. Physiol Genomics 2016; 48:345-60. [PMID: 26884460 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00098.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic, epigenetic mechanisms can regulate macrophage phenotypes following exposure to different stimulating conditions and environments. However, temporal patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) across multiple macrophage polarization phenotypes have not been defined. We determined miRNA expression in bone marrow-derived murine macrophages over multiple time points (0.5, 1, 3, 24 h) following exposure to cytokines and/or LPS. We hypothesized that dynamic changes in miRNAs regulate macrophage phenotypes. Changes in macrophage polarization markers were detected as early as 0.5 and as late as 24 h; however, robust responses for most markers occurred within 3 h. In parallel, many polarization-specific miRNAs were also changed by 3 h and expressed divergent patterns between M1 and M2a conditions, with increased expression in M1 (miR-155, 199a-3p, 214-3p, 455-3p, and 125a) or M2a (miR-511 and 449a). Specifically, miR-125a-5p exhibited divergent patterns: increased at 12-24 h in M1 macrophages and decreasing trend in M2a. VEGF in the culture media of macrophages was dependent upon the polarization state, with greatly diminished VEGF in M2a compared with M1 macrophage culture media despite similar VEGF in cell lysates. Inhibition of miR-125a-5p in media-only controls (MO) and M1 macrophages greatly increased expression and secretion of soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR1) leading to diminished VEGF in the culture media, partially converting MO and M1 into an M2a phenotype. Thus, the divergent expression patterns of polarization-specific miRNAs led to the identification and demonstrated the regulation of a specific macrophage polarization phenotype, sVEGFR1 by inhibition of miR-125a-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Melton
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - XiuFen Lei
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jonathan A L Gelfond
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Paula K Shireman
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
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Zhang L, Marrano P, Wu B, Kumar S, Thorner P, Baruchel S. Combined Antitumor Therapy with Metronomic Topotecan and Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug, Evofosfamide, in Neuroblastoma and Rhabdomyosarcoma Preclinical Models. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:2697-708. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Correlation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions with clinico-pathological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tdj.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Borriello L, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. More than the genes, the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:304-14. [PMID: 26597947 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common solid tumor in children. Since the seminal discovery of the role of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma in the 1980s, much focus has been on the contribution of genetic alterations in the progression of this cancer. However it is now clear that not only genetic events play a role but that the tumor microenvironment (TME) substantially contributes to the biology of neuroblastoma. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on the contribution of the TME to the ten hallmarks of cancer in neuroblastoma and discuss the mechanisms of communication between neuroblastoma cells and the TME that underlie the influence of the TME on neuroblastoma progression. We end our review by discussing how the knowledge acquired over the last two decades in this field is now leading to new clinical trials targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Nilsson MB, Giri U, Gudikote J, Tang X, Lu W, Tran H, Fan Y, Koo A, Diao L, Tong P, Wang J, Herbst R, Johnson BE, Ryan A, Webster A, Rowe P, Wistuba II, Heymach JV. KDR Amplification Is Associated with VEGF-Induced Activation of the mTOR and Invasion Pathways but does not Predict Clinical Benefit to the VEGFR TKI Vandetanib. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:1940-50. [PMID: 26578684 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE VEGF pathway inhibitors have been investigated as therapeutic agents in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of its central role in angiogenesis. These agents have improved survival in patients with advanced NSCLC, but the effects have been modest. Although VEGFR2/KDRis typically localized to the vasculature, amplification ofKDRhas reported to occur in 9% to 30% of the DNA from different lung cancers. We investigated the signaling pathways activated downstream ofKDRand whetherKDRamplification is associated with benefit in patients with NSCLC treated with the VEGFR inhibitor vandetanib. METHODS NSCLC cell lines with or withoutKDRamplification were studied for the effects of VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) on cell viability and migration. Archival tumor samples collected from patients with platinum-refractory NSCLC in the phase III ZODIAC study of vandetanib plus docetaxel or placebo plus docetaxel (N= 294) were screened forKDRamplification by FISH. RESULTS KDRamplification was associated with VEGF-induced activation of mTOR, p38, and invasiveness in NSCLC cell lines. However, VEGFR TKIs did not inhibit proliferation of NSCLC cell lines withKDRamplification. VEGFR inhibition decreased cell motility as well as expression of HIF1α inKDR-amplified NSCLC cells. In the ZODIAC study,KDRamplification was observed in 15% of patients and was not associated with improved progression-free survival, overall survival, or objective response rate for the vandetanib arm. CONCLUSIONS Preclinical studies suggestKDRactivates invasion but not survival pathways inKDR-amplified NSCLC models. Patients with NSCLC whose tumor hadKDRamplification were not associated with clinical benefit for vandetanib in combination with docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique B Nilsson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Uma Giri
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jayanthi Gudikote
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ximing Tang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hai Tran
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Youhong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew Koo
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roy Herbst
- Section of Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bruce E Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andy Ryan
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Garhyan J, Bhuyan S, Pulu I, Kalita D, Das B, Bhatnagar R. Preclinical and Clinical Evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Persistence in the Hypoxic Niche of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Therapy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:1924-34. [PMID: 26066709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis, is difficult to eliminate by antibiotic therapy. We recently identified CD271(+) bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) as a potential site of MTB persistence after therapy. Herein, we have characterized the potential hypoxic localization of the post-therapy MTB-infected CD271(+) BM-MSCs in both mice and human subjects. We first demonstrate that in a Cornell model of MTB persistence in mice, green fluorescent protein-labeled virulent MTB-strain H37Rv was localized to pimonidazole (an in vivo hypoxia marker) positive CD271(+) BM-MSCs after 90 days of isoniazid and pyrazinamide therapy that rendered animal's lung noninfectious. The recovered CD271(+) BM-MSCs from post-therapy mice, when injected into healthy mice, caused active tuberculosis infection in the animal's lung. Moreover, MTB infection significantly increased the hypoxic phenotype of CD271(+) BM-MSCs. Next, in human subjects, previously treated for pulmonary tuberculosis, the MTB-containing CD271(+) BM-MSCs exhibited high expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and low expression of CD146, a hypoxia down-regulated cell surface marker of human BM-MSCs. These data collectively demonstrate the potential localization of MTB harboring CD271(+) BM-MSCs in the hypoxic niche, a critical microenvironmental factor that is well known to induce the MTB dormancy phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishree Garhyan
- KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India; Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Bhuyan
- KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Ista Pulu
- KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Deepjyoti Kalita
- KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Bikul Das
- KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India; Department of Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Rakesh Bhatnagar
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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Mésange P, Poindessous V, Sabbah M, Escargueil AE, de Gramont A, Larsen AK. Intrinsic bevacizumab resistance is associated with prolonged activation of autocrine VEGF signaling and hypoxia tolerance in colorectal cancer cells and can be overcome by nintedanib, a small molecule angiokinase inhibitor. Oncotarget 2015; 5:4709-21. [PMID: 25015210 PMCID: PMC4148093 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor type with a high mortality rate, in part due to intrinsic drug resistance. Although bevacizumab, a VEGF-directed neutralizing antibody, is particularly active in this pathology, some patients never respond for reasons not well understood. We here wish to clarify the role of autocrine VEGF signaling in the response of CRC cells to angiogenesis inhibition. Our results show that CRC cells with intrinsic bevacizumab-resistance displayed pronounced upregulation of autocrine HIF-VEGF-VEGFR signaling in response to prolonged bevacizumab exposure whereas the same signaling pathway was downregulated in bevacizumab-sensitive xenografts. Importantly, both bevacizumab-sensitive and -resistant CRC xenografts were sensitive to nintedanib, a small molecule angiokinase inhibitor, which was associated with inhibition of mTORC1. In vitro studies revealed that bevacizumab-resistant cells displayed intrinsically higher HIF-VEGF signaling intensity and hypoxia tolerance compared to their bevacizumab-sensitive counterparts. Interestingly, although nintedanib showed comparable activity toward bevacizumab-sensitive cells under normoxia and hypoxia, the drug was three-fold more toxic to the resistant cells under hypoxia, suggesting that nintedanib attenuated the survival signaling that usually protects these cells from hypoxia-mediated cell death. In conclusion, our findings support a role for autocrine VEGF signaling in the survival of CRC cells to hypoxia and thus to angiogenesis inhibition. We further show that nintedanib, a small molecule angiokinase inhibitor, is active toward CRC models with intrinsic bevacizumab resistance supporting clinical trials of nintedanib in patients that do not respond to bevacizumab, alone or in combination with bevacizumab to increase angiogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Mésange
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Annette K Larsen
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
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Interplay between receptor tyrosine kinases and hypoxia signaling in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 62:101-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tsuboi I, Yamashita T, Nagano M, Kimura K, To'a Salazar G, Ohneda O. Impaired expression of HIF-2α induces compensatory expression of HIF-1α for the recovery from anemia. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1534-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikki Tsuboi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamashita
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Masumi Nagano
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Kenichi Kimura
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Georgina To'a Salazar
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Osamu Ohneda
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
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Popper HH, Ryska A, Tímár J, Olszewski W. Molecular testing in lung cancer in the era of precision medicine. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 3:291-300. [PMID: 25806314 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2014.10.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The clinical expectations how pathologists should submit lung cancer diagnosis have changed dramatically. Until mid 90-ties a clear separation between small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) was mostly sufficient. With the invention of antiangiogenic treatment a differentiation between squamous and non-squamous NSCLC was requested. When epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was detected in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinomas and subsequent specific treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) was invented, sub-classification of NSCLC and molecular analysis of the tumor tissue for mutations was asked for. Pathologists no longer submit just a diagnosis, but instead are involved in a multidisciplinary team for lung cancer patient management. After EGFR several other driver genes such as echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 4-AL-Kinase 1 (EML4-ALK1), c-ros oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1), discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (DDR2), fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) were discovered, and more to come. Due to new developments in bronchology (EUS, EBUS) the amount of tissue submitted for diagnosis and molecular analysis is decreasing, however, the genes to be analyzed are increasing. Many of these driver gene aberrations are inversions or translocations and thus require FISH analysis. Each of these analyses requires a certain amount of tumor cells or one to two tissue sections from an already limited amount of tissues or cells. In this respect new genetic test systems have been introduced such as next generation sequencing, which enables not only to detect multiple mutations in different genes, but also amplifications and fusion genes. As soon as these methods have been validated for routine molecular analysis this will enable the analysis of multiple genetic changes simultaneously. In this review we will focus on genetic aberrations in NSCLC, resistance to new target therapies, and also to methodological requirements for a meaningful evaluation of lung cancer tissue and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut H Popper
- 1 Research Unit for Molecular Lung & Pleura Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria ; 2 The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic ; 3 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Molecular Oncology Research Group, HAS-SU, Budapest, Hungary ; 4 Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, 5 Roentgen Str. 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ales Ryska
- 1 Research Unit for Molecular Lung & Pleura Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria ; 2 The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic ; 3 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Molecular Oncology Research Group, HAS-SU, Budapest, Hungary ; 4 Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, 5 Roentgen Str. 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - József Tímár
- 1 Research Unit for Molecular Lung & Pleura Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria ; 2 The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic ; 3 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Molecular Oncology Research Group, HAS-SU, Budapest, Hungary ; 4 Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, 5 Roentgen Str. 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wlodzimierz Olszewski
- 1 Research Unit for Molecular Lung & Pleura Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria ; 2 The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic ; 3 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Molecular Oncology Research Group, HAS-SU, Budapest, Hungary ; 4 Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, 5 Roentgen Str. 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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40
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Vitamin A, cancer treatment and prevention: the new role of cellular retinol binding proteins. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:624627. [PMID: 25879031 PMCID: PMC4387950 DOI: 10.1155/2015/624627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Retinol and vitamin A derivatives influence cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis and play an important physiologic role in a wide range of biological processes. Retinol is obtained from foods of animal origin. Retinol derivatives are fundamental for vision, while retinoic acid is essential for skin and bone growth. Intracellular retinoid bioavailability is regulated by the presence of specific cytoplasmic retinol and retinoic acid binding proteins (CRBPs and CRABPs). CRBP-1, the most diffuse CRBP isoform, is a small 15 KDa cytosolic protein widely expressed and evolutionarily conserved in many tissues. CRBP-1 acts as chaperone and regulates the uptake, subsequent esterification, and bioavailability of retinol. CRBP-1 plays a major role in wound healing and arterial tissue remodelling processes. In the last years, the role of CRBP-1-related retinoid signalling during cancer progression became object of several studies. CRBP-1 downregulation associates with a more malignant phenotype in breast, ovarian, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Reexpression of CRBP-1 increased retinol sensitivity and reduced viability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Further studies are needed to explore new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring CRBP-1-mediated intracellular retinol trafficking and the meaning of CRBP-1 expression in cancer patients' screening for a more personalized and efficacy retinoid therapy.
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HaDuong JH, Blavier L, Baniwal SK, Frenkel B, Malvar J, Punj V, Sposto R, DeClerck YA. Interaction between bone marrow stromal cells and neuroblastoma cells leads to a VEGFA-mediated osteoblastogenesis. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:797-809. [PMID: 25648303 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of osteoblasts in bone and bone marrow (BM) metastases in neuroblastoma (NBL) remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of NBL cells on the osteoblastic differentiation of BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC). We show that the presence of NBL cells enhanced the osteoblastic differentiation of BMMSC driven by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4, in the absence of any effect on NBL cell proliferation. Expression profiles of BMMSC driven toward osteoblastic differentiation revealed an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor A (Vegfa) expression in the presence of NBL cells. We demonstrated that NBL cells increased BMMSC-derived VEGFA mRNA and protein and that this was enhanced by BMP-4. However, in similar conditions, neither the addition of an mVEGFA blocking antibody nor exogenous recombinant (r) mVEGFA affected osteoblastic differentiation. In contrast, siRNA- mediated knock-down of VEGFA in BMMSC prevented osteoblastic differentiation in BMP-4-treated cocultures, an effect that was not reversed in the presence of rmVEGFA. An analysis of murine bones injected with hNBL cells revealed an increase of mVEGFA producing cells near tumor cells concomitantly with an increase in Vegfa and Runx2 mRNA. This coincided with an increase in osteoclasts, in Rankl/Opg mRNA ratio and with the formation of osteolytic lesions. Thus NBL cells promote osteoblastogenesis in the BM by increasing VEGFA expression in BMMSC. Our study provides a new insight into the role of VEGFA in NBL metastases by pointing to the role of stroma-derived intracrine VEGFA in osteoblastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine H HaDuong
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Laurence Blavier
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sanjeev K Baniwal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Baruch Frenkel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jemily Malvar
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vasu Punj
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Bioinformatics Core and Division of Hematology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Richard Sposto
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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42
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SHI SHANSHAN, YUAN CHENXING, ZHUANG KAIZAN, LIANG GUIKAI, YAO ZHANGTING, WANG DUODUO, WENG QINJIE, CAO JI, LUO PEIHUA, ZHU HONG, DING LING, MA SHENGLIN. Resistance of SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells to etoposide in hypoxia is reversed by VEGF inhibitor. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:3842-7. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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43
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Zhang X, Das SK, Passi SF, Uehara H, Bohner A, Chen M, Tiem M, Archer B, Ambati BK. AAV2 delivery of Flt23k intraceptors inhibits murine choroidal neovascularization. Mol Ther 2014; 23:226-34. [PMID: 25306972 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term inhibition of extracellular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may induce retinal neuronal toxicity and risk other side effects. We developed a novel strategy which inhibits retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-derived VEGF, sparing other highly sensitive retinal tissues. Flt23k, an intraceptor inhibitor of VEGF, was able to inhibit VEGF in vitro. Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2)-mediated expression of Flt23k was maintained for up to 6 months postsubretinal injection in mice. Flt23k was able to effectively inhibit laser-induced murine choroidal neovascularization (CNV). VEGF levels in the RPE/choroid complex decreased significantly in AAV2.Flt23k treated eyes. Neither retinal structure detected by Heidelberg Spectralis nor function measured by electroretinography (ERG) was adversely affected by treatment with AAV2.Flt23k. Hence AAV2.Flt23k can effectively maintain long-term expression and inhibit laser-induced CNV in mice through downregulation of VEGF while maintaining a sound retinal safety profile. These findings suggest a promising novel approach for the treatment of CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Subrata K Das
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Samuel F Passi
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Hironori Uehara
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Austin Bohner
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marcus Chen
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michelle Tiem
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Bonnie Archer
- Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Sugimoto K, Yoshida S, Mashio Y, Toyota N, Xing Y, Xu H, Fujita Y, Huang Z, Touma M, Wu Q. Role of FGF10 on tumorigenesis by MS-K. Genes Cells 2013; 19:112-25. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenkichi Sugimoto
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Suzuka Yoshida
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Yuka Mashio
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Naoka Toyota
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Yanjiang Xing
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Henan Xu
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Zhijun Huang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin 150001 China
| | - Maki Touma
- Department of Cell Science; Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin 150001 China
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Das B, Bayat-Mokhtari R, Tsui M, Lotfi S, Tsuchida R, Felsher DW, Yeger H. HIF-2α suppresses p53 to enhance the stemness and regenerative potential of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells 2013; 30:1685-95. [PMID: 22689594 PMCID: PMC3584519 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been reported to exert cytoprotective activity in the area of tissue injury. However, hypoxia/oxidative stress prevailing in the area of injury could activate p53, leading to death and differentiation of hESCs. Here we report that when exposed to hypoxia/oxidative stress, a small fraction of hESCs, namely the SSEA3+/ABCG2+ fraction undergoes a transient state of reprogramming to a low p53 and high hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α state of transcriptional activity. This state can be sustained for a period of 2 weeks and is associated with enhanced transcriptional activity of Oct-4 and Nanog, concomitant with high teratomagenic potential. Conditioned medium obtained from the post-hypoxia SSEA3+/ABCG2+ hESCs showed cytoprotection both in vitro and in vivo. We termed this phenotype as the “enhanced stemness” state. We then demonstrated that the underlying molecular mechanism of this transient phenotype of enhanced stemness involved high Bcl-2, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, and MDM2 expression and an altered state of the p53/MDM2 oscillation system. Specific silencing of HIF-2α and p53 resisted the reprogramming of SSEA3+/ABCG2+ to the enhanced stemness phenotype. Thus, our studies have uncovered a unique transient reprogramming activity in hESCs, the enhanced stemness reprogramming where a highly cytoprotective and undifferentiated state is achieved by transiently suppressing p53 activity. We suggest that this transient reprogramming is a form of stem cell altruism that benefits the surrounding tissues during the process of tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikul Das
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
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Ribatti D. Anti-angiogenesis in neuroblastoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 86:212-21. [PMID: 23273512 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the angiogenic balance in neuroblastoma is complex, and a spectrum of angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors have been detected in neuroblastoma tumours. The complex relationships between angiogenic cascade and anti-angiogenic agents in the tumour vascular phase have indicated that anti-angiogenesis can be considered as a strategy for the adjuvant therapy of neuroblastoma. The major goal is to establish if inhibition of angiogenesis is a realistic therapeutic strategy for inhibiting tumour cell dissemination and the formation of metastasis in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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47
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Gillberg L, Varsanyi M, Sjöström M, Lördal M, Lindholm J, Hellström PM. Nitric oxide pathway-related gene alterations in inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2012; 47:1283-97. [PMID: 22900953 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2012.706830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal specific gene activation in nitric oxide (NO)-related inflammation we studied differential gene expression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Total RNA was isolated from 20 biopsies of inflamed mucosa from Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients each as well as from six controls, labeled with (32)P-dCTP and hybridized to a human NO gene array. Significant genes were analyzed for functional gene interactions and heatmaps generated by hierarchical clustering. A selection of differentially expressed genes was further evaluated with immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Significant gene expression differences were found for 19 genes in CD and 23 genes in UC compared to controls, both diseases with high expression of ICAM1 and IL-8. Correlation between microarray expression and corresponding protein expression was significant (r = 0.47, p = 0.002). Clustering analysis together with functional gene interaction analysis revealed clusters of coregulation and coexpression in CD and UC: transcripts involved in angiogenesis, inflammatory response mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1, and tissue fibrosis. Also, a fourth cluster with transcripts regulated by the transcription factor Sp1 was found in UC. CONCLUSIONS Expression analysis in CD and UC revealed disease-specific regulation of NO-related genes, which might be involved in perpetuating inflammatory disease activity in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Gillberg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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48
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Mechanisms of glioma-associated neovascularization. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:1126-41. [PMID: 22858156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, are characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One of the defining characteristics of GBM is an abundant and aberrant vasculature. The processes of vascular co-option, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis in gliomas have been extensively described. Recently, however, it has become clear that these three processes are not the only mechanisms by which neovascularization occurs in gliomas. Furthermore, it seems that these processes interact extensively, with potential overlap among them. At least five mechanisms by which gliomas achieve neovascularization have been described: vascular co-option, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, vascular mimicry, and (the most recently described) glioblastoma-endothelial cell transdifferentiation. We review these mechanisms in glioma neovascularization, with a particular emphasis on the roles of hypoxia and glioma stem cells in each process. Although some of these processes are well established, others have been identified only recently and will need to be further investigated for complete validation. We also review strategies to target glioma neovascularization and the development of resistance to these therapeutic strategies. Finally, we describe how these complex processes interlink and overlap. A thorough understanding of the contributing molecular processes that control the five modalities reviewed here should help resolve the treatment resistance that characterizes GBMs.
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49
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Qin L, Bromberg-White JL, Qian CN. Opportunities and challenges in tumor angiogenesis research: back and forth between bench and bed. Adv Cancer Res 2012; 113:191-239. [PMID: 22429856 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394280-7.00006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. Many signaling pathways are involved in regulating tumor angiogenesis, with the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway being of particular interest. The recognition of the heterogeneity in tumor vasculature has led to better predictions of prognosis through differential analyses of the vasculature. However, the clinical benefits from antiangiogenic therapy are limited, because many antiangiogenic agents cannot provide long-term survival benefits, suggesting the development of drug resistance. Activation of the hypoxia and c-Met pathways, as well as other proangiogenic factors, has been shown to be responsible for such resistance. Vessel co-option could be another important mechanism. For future development, research to improve the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy includes (a) using tumor-derived endothelial cells for drug screening; (b) developing the drugs focusing on specific tumor types; (c) developing a better preclinical model for drug study; (d) developing more accurate biomarkers for patient selection; (e) targeting the c-Met pathway or other pathways; and (f) optimizing the dose and schedule of antiangiogenic therapy. In summary, the future of antiangiogenic therapy for cancer patients depends on our efforts to develop the right drugs, select the right patients, and optimize the treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory on Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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50
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Latham AM, Odell AF, Mughal NA, Issitt T, Ulyatt C, Walker JH, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Ponnambalam S. A biphasic endothelial stress-survival mechanism regulates the cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor A. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:2297-311. [PMID: 22796052 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is an essential cytokine that regulates endothelial function and angiogenesis. VEGF-A binding to endothelial receptor tyrosine kinases such as VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 triggers cellular responses including survival, proliferation and new blood vessel sprouting. Increased levels of a soluble VEGFR1 splice variant (sFlt-1) correlate with endothelial dysfunction in pathologies such as pre-eclampsia; however the cellular mechanism(s) underlying the regulation and function of sFlt-1 are unclear. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a biphasic stress response in endothelial cells, using serum deprivation as a model of endothelial dysfunction. The early phase is characterized by a high VEGFR2:sFlt-1 ratio, which is reversed in the late phase. A functional consequence is a short-term increase in VEGF-A-stimulated intracellular signaling. In the late phase, sFlt-1 is secreted and deposited at the extracellular matrix. We hypothesized that under stress, increased endothelial sFlt-1 levels reduce VEGF-A bioavailability: VEGF-A treatment induces sFlt-1 expression at the cell surface and VEGF-A silencing inhibits sFlt-1 anchorage to the extracellular matrix. Treatment with recombinant sFlt-1 inhibits VEGF-A-stimulated in vitro angiogenesis and sFlt-1 silencing enhances this process. In this response, increased VEGFR2 levels are regulated by the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and PKB/Akt signaling pathways and increased sFlt-1 levels by the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. We conclude that during serum withdrawal, cellular sensing of environmental stress modulates sFlt-1 and VEGFR2 levels, regulating VEGF-A bioavailability and ensuring cell survival takes precedence over cell proliferation and migration. These findings may underpin an important mechanism contributing to endothelial dysfunction in pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony M Latham
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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