1
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Mishra T, Dubey N, Basu S. Small molecules for impairing endoplasmic reticulum in cancer. Org Biomol Chem 2024. [PMID: 39373910 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01238k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in maintaining the protein homeostasis of cells as well as regulating Ca2+ storage. An increased load of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum due to alterations in the cell's metabolic pathway leads to the activation of the unfolded protein response, also known as ER stress. ER stress plays a major role in maintaining the growth and survival of various cancer cells, but persistent ER stress can also lead to cell death and hence can be a therapeutic pathway in the treatment of cancer. In this review, we focus on different types of small molecules that impair different ER stress sensors, the protein degradation machinery, and chaperone proteins. We also review the metal complexes and other miscellaneous compounds inducing ER stress through multiple mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the challenges in this emerging area of research and the potential direction of research to overcome them towards next-generation ER-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
| | - Navneet Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
| | - Sudipta Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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2
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Riegel G, Orvain C, Recberlik S, Spaety ME, Poschet G, Venkatasamy A, Yamamoto M, Nomura S, Tsukamoto T, Masson M, Gross I, Le Lagadec R, Mellitzer G, Gaiddon C. The unfolded protein response-glutathione metabolism axis: A novel target of a cycloruthenated complexes bypassing tumor resistance mechanisms. Cancer Lett 2024; 585:216671. [PMID: 38290658 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs remain the reference treatment for gastric cancer (GC). However, the frequency of resistance, due to mutations in TP53 or alterations in the energy and redox metabolisms, impairs the efficacy of current treatments, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic options. Here, we show that a cycloruthenated compound targeting the redox metabolism, RDC11, induces higher cytotoxicity than oxaliplatin in GC cells and is more potent in reducing tumor growth in vivo. Detailed investigations into the mode of action of RDC11 indicated that it targets the glutathione (GSH) metabolism, which is an important drug resistance mechanism. We demonstrate that cycloruthenated complexes regulate the expression of enzymes of the transsulfuration pathway via the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and its effector ATF4. Furthermore, RDC11 induces the expression of SLC7A11 encoding for the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT. These effects lead to a lower cellular GSH content and elevated oxygen reactive species production, causing the activation of a caspase-independent apoptosis. Altogether, this study provides the first evidence that cycloruthenated complexes target the GSH metabolism, neutralizing thereby a major resistance mechanism towards platinum-based chemotherapies and anticancer immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Riegel
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Orvain
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sevda Recberlik
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Elodie Spaety
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aina Venkatasamy
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Department of Laboratory of Physiological Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsyua Tsukamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Murielle Masson
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; University of Strasbourg, CNRS BSC-UMR 7242, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Illkirch, France
| | - Isabelle Gross
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "SMART" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Georg Mellitzer
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, UMR 1260, CRBS, Regenerative Nanomedicine, "HERIIT" Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM UMR_S 1113, "Streinth" Laboratory, Strasbourg, France.
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Ali M, Cornaton Y, Djukic JP, Pfeffer M. Follow-Up Study of Trans-C to Cis-C Thermally or Photochemically Induced Isomerization of Terpyridine Adducts of Cycloruthenated 2-Aryl-2'-pyridine Compounds. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4867-4874. [PMID: 38450604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism of isomerization of the known 2-phenyl,pyridine (phpy) derivatives [Ru(phpy-κC,N) (MeCN-trans-N)(terpy)]PF6, 2, to [Ru(phpy-κC,N)(MeCN-trans-C)(terpy)]PF6 (terpy = 2,2';6',2″-terpyridine), 3, at temperatures >50 °C has been investigated both by 1H NMR spectroscopy and by DFT calculations. The photoisomerization of 2 to 3 by UV light occurred also quantitatively in MeCN after 20 h at room temperature. A similar behavior to that of 2 could be established for the related compound [Ru(3-acridine-2'-C5H4N-κC,N)(MeCN-trans-N)(2,2';6',2″-terpyridine)]PF6, 6 (acridine = dibenzo[b,e]pyridine or 2,3-benzoquinoline), that was obtained from the reaction between [Ru(3-acridine-2'-C5H4N-κC,N) (MeCN)4]PF6, 4, and terpy in MeOH/MeCN at 60 °C for 24 h. Similar to 2, the isomerization of 6 to [Ru(3-acridine-2'-C5H4N-κC,N)(MeCN-trans-C) (terpy)]PF6, 7, could be induced thermally (48 h at 60 °C in pure MeOH) or photochemically under UV radiation in MeCN at room temperature. A compound closely related to 7 but in which MeCN was replaced by H2O was described earlier (Tanaka et al. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 5386-539). The presence of water on this compound had a dramatic effect as far as the coordination of terpy was concerned as its isomerization to a compound related to 6 (in which H2O instead of MeCN is coordinated to Ru) occurred indeed photochemically via irradiation with visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moussa Ali
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yann Cornaton
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Djukic
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Pfeffer
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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4
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Petrosyan E, Fares J, Fernandez LG, Yeeravalli R, Dmello C, Duffy JT, Zhang P, Lee-Chang C, Miska J, Ahmed AU, Sonabend AM, Balyasnikova IV, Heimberger AB, Lesniak MS. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Brain Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:389-396. [PMID: 36652630 PMCID: PMC10159901 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a powerful strategy for halting cancer progression. However, primary malignancies affecting the brain have been exempt to this success. Indeed, brain tumors continue to portend severe morbidity and remain a globally lethal disease. Extensive efforts have been directed at understanding how tumor cells survive and propagate within the unique microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS). Cancer genetic aberrations and metabolic abnormalities provoke a state of persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that in turn promotes tumor growth, invasion, therapeutic resistance, and the dynamic reprogramming of the infiltrating immune cells. Consequently, targeting ER stress is a potential therapeutic approach. In this work, we provide an overview of how ER stress response is advantageous to brain tumor development, discuss the significance of ER stress in governing antitumor immunity, and put forth therapeutic strategies of regulating ER stress to augment the effect of immunotherapy for primary CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Petrosyan
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jawad Fares
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Luis G. Fernandez
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Ragini Yeeravalli
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Joseph T. Duffy
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jason Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Atique U. Ahmed
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Adam M. Sonabend
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Irina V. Balyasnikova
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Maciej S. Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
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5
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Shereef HA, Moemen YS, Elshami FI, El-Nahas AM, Shaban SY, van Eldik R. DNA Binding and Cleavage, Stopped-Flow Kinetic, Mechanistic, and Molecular Docking Studies of Cationic Ruthenium(II) Nitrosyl Complexes Containing “NS4” Core. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073028. [PMID: 37049792 PMCID: PMC10095794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate in vitro DNA binding mechanistically of cationic nitrosyl ruthenium complex [RuNOTSP]+ and its ligand (TSPH2) in detail, correlate the findings with cleavage activity, and draw conclusions about the impact of the metal center. Theoretical studies were performed for [RuNOTSP]+, TSPH2, and its anion TSP−2 using DFT/B3LYP theory to calculate optimized energy, binding energy, and chemical reactivity. Since nearly all medications function by attaching to a particular protein or DNA, the in vitro calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) binding studies of [RuNOTSP]+ and TSPH2 with ctDNA were examined mechanistically using a variety of biophysical techniques. Fluorescence experiments showed that both compounds effectively bind to ctDNA through intercalative/electrostatic interactions via the DNA helix’s phosphate backbone. The intrinsic binding constants (Kb), (2.4 ± 0.2) × 105 M−1 ([RuNOTSP]+) and (1.9 ± 0.3) × 105 M−1 (TSPH2), as well as the enhancement dynamic constants (KD), (3.3 ± 0.3) × 104 M−1 ([RuNOTSP]+) and (2.6 ± 0.2) × 104 M−1 (TSPH2), reveal that [RuNOTSP]+ has a greater binding propensity for DNA compared to TSPH2. Stopped-flow investigations showed that both [RuNOTSP]+ and TSPH2 bind through two reversible steps: a fast second-order binding, followed by a slow first-order isomerization reaction via a static quenching mechanism. For the first and second steps of [RuNOTSP]+ and TSPH2, the detailed binding parameters were established. The total binding constants for [RuNOTSP]+ (Ka = 43.7 M−1, Kd = 2.3 × 10−2 M−1, ΔG0 = −36.6 kJ mol−1) and TSPH2 (Ka = 15.1 M−1, Kd = 66 × 10−2 M, ΔG0 = −19 kJ mol−1) revealed that the relative reactivity is approximately ([RuNOTSP]+)/(TSPH2) = 3/1. The significantly negative ΔG0 values are consistent with a spontaneous binding reaction to both [RuNOTSP]+ and TSPH2, with the former being very favorable. The findings showed that the Ru(II) center had an effect on the reaction rate but not on the mechanism and that the cationic [RuNOTSP]+ was a more highly effective DNA binder than the ligand TSPH2 via strong electrostatic interaction with the phosphate end of DNA. Because of its higher DNA binding affinity, cationic [RuNOTSP]+ demonstrated higher cleavage efficiency towards the minor groove of pBR322 DNA via the hydrolytic pathway than TSPH2, revealing the synergy effect of TSPH2 in the form of the complex. Furthermore, the mode of interaction of both compounds with ctDNA has also been supported by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer A. Shereef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
- Clinical Pathology Department, University Hospital, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Yasmine S. Moemen
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Fawzia I. Elshami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Nahas
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Shaban Y. Shaban
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.Y.S.); (R.v.E.)
| | - Rudi van Eldik
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: (S.Y.S.); (R.v.E.)
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6
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Chen C, Lv H, Xu H, Zhu D, Shen C. Cyclometalated Ru(II)-NHC complexes with phenanthroline ligands induce apoptosis mediated by mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1671-1679. [PMID: 36648504 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03405k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of ruthenium complexes as anticancer drugs has been the focus of intense investigation. In this study, we synthesized and characterized four C,N-cyclometalated ruthenium(II) complexes (Ru1-Ru4) coordinated with pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and auxiliary ligands (e.g., acetonitrile, 1,10-phenanthroline, 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline). X-ray diffraction analysis showed that all of the four cycloruthenated complexes are hexa-coordinated in a typical octahedral geometry. In vitro cytotoxic studies revealed that cyclometalated Ru-NHC complexes Ru3 and Ru4 had stronger anticancer activity than their corresponding Ru-NHC precursor Ru1 and the clinically used cisplatin. For HeLa cells, Ru3 and Ru4 exhibited potent cytotoxicity with the IC50 value of 4.31 ± 0.42 μM and 3.14 ± 0.23 μM, respectively, which was approximately three times lower than that of cisplatin. More interestingly, Ru3 and Ru4 not only effectively inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells, but also exhibited potential anti-migration activity. In the scratch wound healing assay, Ru3 and Ru4 treatment significantly reduced the wound healing rate of HUVEC cells. Mechanistic studies showed that Ru3 and Ru4 caused a dual action mode of mitochondrial membrane depolarization and endoplasmic reticulum stress and finally induced apoptosis of HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - He Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Dancheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Chao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
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7
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Targeting emerging cancer hallmarks by transition metal complexes: Epigenetic reprogramming and epitherapies. Part II. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Regorafenib and Ruthenium Complex Combination Inhibit Cancer Cell Growth by Targeting PI3K/AKT/ERK Signalling in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010686. [PMID: 36614133 PMCID: PMC9820863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading cause of lethality worldwide, CRC being the third most common cancer reported worldwide, with 1.85 million cases and 850,000 deaths annually. As in all other cancers, kinases are one of the major enzymes that play an essential role in the incidence and progression of CRC. Thus, using multi-kinase inhibitors is one of the therapeutic strategies used to counter advanced-stage CRC. Regorafenib is an FDA-approved drug in the third-line therapy of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Acquired resistance to cancers and higher toxicity of these drugs are disadvantages to the patients. To counter this, combination therapy is used as a strategy where a minimal dose of drugs can be used to get a higher efficacy and reduce drug resistance development. Ruthenium-based compounds are observed to be a potential alternative to platinum-based drugs due to their significant safety and effectiveness. Formerly, our lab reported Ru-1, a ruthenium-based compound, for its anticancer activity against multiple cancer cells, such as HepG2, HCT116, and MCF7. This study evaluates Ru-1's activity against regorafenib-resistant HCT116 cells and as a combination therapeutic with regorafenib. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the effect of Ru-1 alone and with regorafenib as a combination is still unknown. In this study, we tested a drug combination (Ru-1 and regorafenib) against a panel of HT29, HCT116, and regorafenib-resistant HCT116 cells. The combination showed a synergistic inhibitory activity. Several mechanisms underlying these numerous synergistic activities, such as anti-proliferative efficacy, indicated that the combination exhibited potent cytotoxicity and enhanced apoptosis induction. Disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential increased intracellular ROS levels and decreased migratory cell properties were observed. The combination exhibited its activity by regulating PI3K/Akt and p38 MAP kinase signalling. This indicates that the combination of REG/Ru-1 targets cancer cells by modulating the PI3K/Akt and ERK signalling.
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9
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Qu JJ, Bai P, Liu WN, Liu ZL, Gong JF, Wang JX, Zhu X, Song B, Hao XQ. New NNN pincer copper complexes as potential anti-prostate cancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114859. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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10
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Vieira MPS, Silva OBS, Souza GF, Cavalcante GTS, Souza FMA, Gitaí DLG, Castro OW, Nicácio DCSP, Cofré AHR, Amorós MA, Silva AV, Neto GJDS, Silva AHQ, Correia WBZGB, Junkes JA, Duarte FS, Guedes JS, Nogueira FCS, Meneghetti MR, Duzzioni M. First evaluation of the anxiolytic-like effects of a bromazepam‑palladium complex in mice. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 237:112012. [PMID: 36162209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A significant fraction of patients are affected by persistent fear and anxiety. Currently, there are several anxiolytic drug options, however their clinical outcomes do not fully manage the symptoms. Here, we evaluated the effects of a bromazepam‑palladium derivative [2-{(7-bromo-2-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-5-il)pyridinyl-κ2-N,N}chloropalladium(II)], [(BMZ)PdCl2], on fear/anxiety and memory-related behavior in mice. For this, female Swiss mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with saline (NaCl 0.9%) or [(BMZ)PdCl2] (0.5, 5.0, or 50 μg/kg). After 30 min, different tests were performed to evaluate anxiety, locomotion, and memory. We also evaluated the acute toxicity of [(BMZ)PdCl2] using a cell viability assay (neutral red uptake assay), and whether the drugs mechanism of action involves the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor complex by pre-treating animals with flumazenil (1.0 mg/kg, i.p., a competitive antagonist of GABAA-binding site). Our results demonstrate that [(BMZ)PdCl2] induces an anxiolytic-like phenotype in the elevated plus-maze test and that this effect can be blocked by flumazenil. Furthermore, there were no behavioral alterations induced by [(BMZ)PdCl2], as evaluated in the light-dark box, open field, and step-down passive avoidance tests. In the acute toxicity assay, [(BMZ)PdCl2] presented IC50 and LD50 values of 218 ± 60 μg/mL and 780 ± 80 mg/kg, respectively, and GSH category 4. Taken together, our results show that the anxiolytic-like effect of acute treatment with [(BMZ)PdCl2] occurs through the modulation of the benzodiazepine site in the GABAA receptor complex. Moreover, we show indications that [(BMZ)PdCl2] does not promote sedation and amnesia and presents the same toxicity as the bromazepam prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella P S Vieira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Ozileudiane B S Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela F Souza
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela T S Cavalcante
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M A Souza
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Gitaí
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Olagide W Castro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Dannyele C S P Nicácio
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Axel H R Cofré
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Amorós
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Artur V Silva
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Geraldo José da Silva Neto
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Allysson H Q Silva
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Walleska B Z G B Correia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil; Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Janaína A Junkes
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Centro Universitário Tiradentes, Avenida Comendador Gustavo Paiva, 5017, Cruz das Almas, Maceió, Alagoas 57038-000, Brazil
| | - Filipe S Duarte
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S Guedes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Mario R Meneghetti
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil.
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Erdener D, Dervişoğlu G, Özdemir FA, Şerbetci Z, Özdemir N, Dayan O. A Hydrazine-Bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium Complex: Structural Properties and Biological Activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Murillo MI, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Targeting of the intracellular redox balance by metal complexes towards anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:967337. [PMID: 36034648 PMCID: PMC9405673 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancers is often linked to the alteration of essential redox processes, and therefore, oxidoreductases involved in such mechanisms can be considered as attractive molecular targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. On the other hand, for more than two decades, transition metals derivatives have been leading the research on drugs as alternatives to platinum-based treatments. The success of such compounds is particularly due to their attractive redox kinetics properties, favorable oxidation states, as well as routes of action different to interactions with DNA, in which redox interactions are crucial. For instance, the activity of oxidoreductases such as PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein) which can regulate angiogenesis in tumors, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) related to glycolysis, and enzymes, such as catalases, SOD (superoxide dismutase), TRX (thioredoxin) or GSH (glutathione) involved in controlling oxidative stress, can be altered by metal effectors. In this review, we wish to discuss recent results on how transition metal complexes have been rationally designed to impact on redox processes, in search for effective and more specific cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Murillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ronan Le Lagadec,
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13
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Guin PS, Roy S. Recently Reported Ru-Metal Organic Coordination Complexes and Their Application (A Review). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222080242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Pete S, Roy N, Kar B, Paira P. Construction of homo and heteronuclear Ru(II), Ir(III) and Re(I) complexes for target specific cancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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16
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Zhen W, An S, Wang S, Hu W, Li Y, Jiang X, Li J. Precise Subcellular Organelle Targeting for Boosting Endogenous-Stimuli-Mediated Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101572. [PMID: 34611949 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Though numerous external-stimuli-triggered tumor therapies, including phototherapy, radiotherapy, and sonodynamic therapy have made great progress in cancer therapy, the low penetration depth of the laser, safety concerns of radiation, the therapeutic resistance, and the spatio-temporal constraints of the specific equipment restrict their convenient clinical applications. What is more, the inherent physiological barriers of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including hypoxia, heterogeneity, and high expression of antioxidant molecules also restrict the efficiency of tumor therapy. As a result, the development of nanoplatforms responsive to endogenous stimuli (such as glucose, acidic pH, cellular redox events, and etc.) has attracted great attention for starvation therapy, ion therapy, prodrug-mediated chemotherapy, or enzyme-catalyzed therapy. In addition, nanomedicines can be modified by some targeted units for precisely locating in subcellular organelles and boosting the destroying of tumor tissue, decreasing the dosage of nanoagents, reducing side effects, and enhancing the therapeutic efficiency. Herein, the properties of the TME, the advantages of endogenous stimuli, and the principles of subcellular-organelle-targeted strategies will be emphasized. Some necessary considerations for the exploitation of precision medicine and clinical translation of multifunctional nanomedicines in the future are also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shangjie An
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Wenxue Hu
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110142, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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17
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Antitumor Immune Response Triggered by Metal-Based Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy: Where Are We? Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111788. [PMID: 34834202 PMCID: PMC8620627 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes based on transition metals have rich photochemical and photophysical properties that are derived from a variety of excited state electronic configurations triggered by visible and near-infrared light. These properties can be exploited to produce powerful energy and electron transfer processes that can lead to oxygen-(in)dependent photobiological activity. These principles are the basis of photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is a clinically approved treatment that offers a promising, effective, and noninvasive complementary treatment or even an alternative to treat several types of cancers. PDT is based on a reaction involving a photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen, which ultimately generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, skin photosensitivity, due to the accumulation of PSs in skin cells, has hampered, among other elements, its clinical development and application. Therefore, these is an increasing interest in the use of (metal-based) PSs that are more specific to tumor cells. This may increase efficacy and corollary decrease side-effects. To this end, metal-containing nanoparticles with photosensitizing properties have recently been developed. In addition, several studies have reported that the use of immunogenic/immunomodulatory metal-based nanoparticles increases the antitumor efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy mediated by anti-PD-(L)1 or CTLA-4 antibodies. In this review, we discuss the main metal complexes used as PDT PSs. Lastly, we review the preclinical studies associated with metal-based PDT PSs and immunotherapies. This therapeutic association could stimulate PDT.
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Gaiddon C, Gross I, Meng X, Sidhoum M, Mellitzer G, Romain B, Delhorme JB, Venkatasamy A, Jung AC, Pfeffer M. Bypassing the Resistance Mechanisms of the Tumor Ecosystem by Targeting the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Using Ruthenium- and Osmium-Based Organometallic Compounds: An Exciting Long-Term Collaboration with Dr. Michel Pfeffer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175386. [PMID: 34500819 PMCID: PMC8434532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes have been used to treat cancer since the discovery of cisplatin and its interaction with DNA in the 1960’s. Facing the resistance mechanisms against platinum salts and their side effects, safer therapeutic approaches have been sought through other metals, including ruthenium. In the early 2000s, Michel Pfeffer and his collaborators started to investigate the biological activity of organo-ruthenium/osmium complexes, demonstrating their ability to interfere with the activity of purified redox enzymes. Then, they discovered that these organo-ruthenium/osmium complexes could act independently of DNA damage and bypass the requirement for the tumor suppressor gene TP53 to induce the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, which is an original cell death pathway. They showed that other types of ruthenium complexes—as well complexes with other metals (osmium, iron, platinum)—can induce this pathway as well. They also demonstrated that ruthenium complexes accumulate in the ER after entering the cell using passive and active mechanisms. These particular physico-chemical properties of the organometallic complexes designed by Dr. Pfeffer contribute to their ability to reduce tumor growth and angiogenesis. Taken together, the pioneering work of Dr. Michel Pfeffer over his career provides us with a legacy that we have yet to fully embrace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gaiddon
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-6-8352-5356
| | - Isabelle Gross
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Gastro-Oncology, 7th Hospital, Shanghai 200137, China;
| | | | - Georg Mellitzer
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Benoit Romain
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Jean-Batiste Delhorme
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Aïna Venkatasamy
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Alain C. Jung
- Université de Strasbourg-Inserm, UMR_S 1113 IRFAC, 67200 Strasbourg, France; (I.G.); (G.M.); (B.R.); (J.-B.D.); (A.V.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Michel Pfeffer
- CNRS UMR 7177, Institute of Chemistry, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
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Li R, Ma Y, Hu X, Wu W, Wu X, Dong C, Shi S, Lin Y. [Ru(phen) 2podppz] 2+ significantly inhibits glioblastoma growth in vitro and vivo with fewer side-effects than cisplatin. Dalton Trans 2021; 49:8864-8871. [PMID: 32602487 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01877e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the acquired resistance and the significant side-effects of the reported drugs, four new ruthenium(ii) complexes with alkynyl (Ru1, Ru2, Ru3, Ru4) were designed and synthesized. Ru1, Ru2, Ru3 and Ru4 were characterized by ESI-MS, 1H NMR, 1H-1H COSY NMR and elemental analysis. Compared with Ru2, Ru3, Ru4 and cisplatin, the anti-tumor experiments in vitro and vivo confirmed that Ru1 could most effectively inhibit tumor growth. In the experiments of safety evaluation in vivo, Ru1 could avoid any detectable side-effects compared with cisplatin. DNA binding experiments and cell cycle experiments showed that Ru1 exhibited the strongest DNA binding ability and interfered with the cell cycle by inserting DNA to inhibit tumor growth. The study demonstrated that Ru1 had the potential to be an exciting new drug candidate for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihao Li
- Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China.
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20
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Replacing the Z-phenyl Ring in Tamoxifen ® with a para-Connected NCN Pincer-Pt-Cl Grouping by Post-Modification †. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071888. [PMID: 33810499 PMCID: PMC8038112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-modification of a series of NCN-pincer platinum(II) complexes [PtX(NCN-R-4)] (NCN = [C6H2(CH2NMe2)2-2,6]–, R = C(O)H, C(O)Me and C(O)Et), X = Cl– or Br–) at the para-position using the McMurry reaction was studied. The synthetic route towards two new [PtCl(NCN-R-4)] (R = C(O)Me and C(O)Et) complexes used above is likewise described. The utility and limitations of the McMurry reaction involving these pincer complexes was systematically evaluated. The predicted “homo-coupling” reaction of [PtBr(NCN-C(O)H-4)] led to the unexpected formation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetra[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4,4′-bis(platinum halide)-benzophenone (halide = Br or Cl), referred to hereafter as the bispincer-benzophenone complex 13. This material was further characterized using X-ray crystal structure determination. The applicability of the pincer complexes in the McMurry reaction is shown to open a route towards the synthesis of tamoxifen-type derivatives of which one phenyl ring of Tamoxifen® itself is replaced by an NCN arylplatinum pincer fragment. The newly synthesized derivatives can be used as potential candidates in anti-cancer drug screening protocols. Two NCN-arylpincer platinum tamoxifen type derivatives, 5 and 6, were successfully synthesized and of 5 the separation of the diastereomeric E-/Z-forms was achieved. Compound 6, which is the pivaloyl protected NCN pincer platinum hydroxy-Tamoxifen® derivative, was obtained as a mixture of E-/Z-isomers. The new derivatives were further analyzed and characterized with 1H-, 13C{1H}- and 195Pt{1H}-NMR, IR, exact mass MS and elemental analysis.
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21
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22
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Lenis-Rojas OA, Robalo MP, Tomaz AI, Fernandes AR, Roma-Rodrigues C, Teixeira RG, Marques F, Folgueira M, Yáñez J, Gonzalez AA, Salamini-Montemurri M, Pech-Puch D, Vázquez-García D, Torres ML, Fernández A, Fernández JJ. Half-Sandwich Ru( p-cymene) Compounds with Diphosphanes: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation As Potential Anticancer Metallodrugs. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2914-2930. [PMID: 33570919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) complexes are currently considered attractive alternatives to the widely used platinum-based drugs. We present herein the synthesis and characterization of half-sandwich ruthenium compounds formulated as [Ru(p-cymene)(L)Cl][CF3SO3] (L = 1,1-bis(methylenediphenylphosphano)ethylene, 1; L = 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphano)ethylene, 2), which were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, 1H and 31P{1H} NMR, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, conductivity measurements and cyclic voltammetry. The molecular structures for both complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the MTT assay against human tumor cells, namely ovarian (A2780) and breast (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231). Both complexes were active against breast adenocarcinoma cells, with complex 1 exhibiting a quite remarkable cytotoxicity in the submicromolar range. Interestingly, at concentrations equivalent to the IC50 values in the MCF7 cancer cells, complexes 1 and 2 presented lower cytotoxicity in normal human primary fibroblasts. The antiproliferative effects of 1 and 2 in MCF7 cells might be associated with the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to a combined cell death mechanism via apoptosis and autophagy. Despite the fact that in vitro a partial intercalation between complexes and DNA was observed, no MCF7 cell cycle delay or arrest was observed, indicating that DNA might not be a direct target. Complexes 1 and 2 both exhibited a moderate to strong interaction with human serum albumin, suggesting that protein targets may be involved in their mode of action. Their acute toxicity was evaluated in the zebrafish model. Complex 1 (the most toxic of the two) exhibited a lethal toxicity LC50 value about 1 order of magnitude higher than any IC50 concentrations found for the cancer cell models used, highlighting its therapeutic relevance as a drug candidate in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Lenis-Rojas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL-Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Rua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1049-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ricardo G Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1049-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologías Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, E.N. 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Mónica Folgueira
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1 6BT, U.K
| | - Julián Yáñez
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Anabel Alba Gonzalez
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Martín Salamini-Montemurri
- Neurover Group, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Department of Biology, Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Dawrin Pech-Puch
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Margarita López Torres
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús J Fernández
- Departamento de Química & Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
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Anti-metastasis and anti-proliferation effect of mitochondria-accumulating ruthenium(II) complexes via redox homeostasis disturbance and energy depletion. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 217:111380. [PMID: 33578250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of three cyclometalated Ru(II) complexes with the formula [Ru(bpy)2L]PF6, where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, Ru1: L1 = phenanthro[4,5-fgh]quinoxaline; Ru2: L2 = benzo[f]naphtho[2,1-h]quinoxaline; and Ru3: L3 = phenanthro[9,10-b]pyrazine, have been synthesized and characterized. The lipophilicity of the three Ru(II) complexes was modulated by the alteration of the planarity in the ligands of the complexes. With appropriate lipophilicity, Ru1-Ru3 exhibited mitochondrial accumulating property and cytotoxic activity against a spectrum of cancer cell lines. The underlying mechanism study indicated that these Ru(II) complexes can selectively accumulate in mitochondria and disrupt physiological processes, including the redox balance and energy generation in cancer cells. Elevation of iron content in triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 cells) was observed after treatment with Ru(II) complexes, which may contribute to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via Fenton reaction chemistry. Besides, the Ru(II) complexes decreased the intracellular glutathione (GSH) in cancer cells, leading to the failure in the cells to combat oxidative damage. Both of the mentioned processes contribute to the high oxidative stress and eventually lead to cancer cell death. On the other hand, Ru1-Ru3 significantly induced the depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), causing disturbance of energy generation. Moreover, the results of wound-healing assay and transwell invasion assay, as well as the tube formation assay indicated the anti-migration and anti-angiogenesis properties of Ru1-Ru3. Our study demonstrated that these Ru(II) complexes are promising chemotherapeutic agents with oxidative stress induction and energy generation disturbance.
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Liu R, Yuan C, Feng Y, Qian J, Huang X, Chen Q, Zhou S, Ding Y, Zhai B, Mei W, Yao L. Microwave-assisted synthesis of ruthenium(ii) complexes containing levofloxacin-induced G2/M phase arrest by triggering DNA damage. RSC Adv 2021; 11:4444-4453. [PMID: 35424377 PMCID: PMC8694345 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09418h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ru(ii) complexes have attracted increasing attention as promising antitumor agents for their relatively low toxicity, high affinity to DNA molecules, and correlation with multiple targets. Meanwhile, quinolones are synthetic antibacterial agents widely used in the clinical practice. In this paper, two novel Ru(ii) complexes coordinated by levofloxacin (LOFLX), [Ru(bpy)2(LOFLX)]·2ClO4 (1), and [Ru(dmbpy)2(LOFLX)]·2ClO4 (2) (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, dmbpy = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesized with high efficiency under microwave irradiation and characterized by ESI-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The binding behavior of these complexes with double-strand calf thymus DNA(CT-DNA) was investigated using spectroscopy, molecular docking, and density functional theory calculations. Results showed that 2 exhibited higher binding affinity than 1 and LOFLX. Further studies showed that 2 could induce the G2/M phase arrest of A549 cells via DNA damage. In summary, these results indicated that 2 could be developed as a potential anticancer agent in treatment of lung cancer through the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase by triggering DNA damage. This study showed that levofloxacin-based ruthenium(ii) complex 2 effectively inhibited the growth of A549 cells by inducing G2/M phase arrest through triggering DNA damage.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Liu
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Chanling Yuan
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yin Feng
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
| | - Jiayi Qian
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qiutong Chen
- School of Politics and Public Administration
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Shuyuan Zhou
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Bio-Medical Imaging
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yin Ding
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
| | - Bingbing Zhai
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Wenjie Mei
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Bio-Medical Imaging
| | - Liangzhong Yao
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
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25
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Liu K, Tsung K, Attenello FJ. Characterizing Cell Stress and GRP78 in Glioma to Enhance Tumor Treatment. Front Oncol 2020; 10:608911. [PMID: 33363039 PMCID: PMC7759649 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.608911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor, carrying a very poor prognosis, with median overall survival at about 12 to 15 months despite surgical resection, chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), and radiation therapy. GBM recurs in the vast majority of patients, with recurrent tumors commonly displaying increase in resistance to standard of care chemotherapy, TMZ, as well as radiotherapy. One of the most commonly cited mechanisms of chemotherapeutic and radio-resistance occurs via the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), a well-studied mediator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), that has also demonstrated potential as a biomarker in GBM. Overexpression of GRP78 has been directly correlated with malignant tumor characteristics, including higher tumor grade, cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, poorer responses to TMZ and radiation therapy, and poorer patient outcomes. GRP78 expression is also higher in GBM tumor cells upon recurrence. Meanwhile, knockdown or suppression of GRP78 has been shown to sensitize cells to TMZ and radiation therapy. In light of these findings, various novel developing therapies are targeting GRP78 as monotherapies, combination therapies that enhance the effects of TMZ and radiation therapy, and as treatment delivery modalities. In this review, we delineate the mechanisms by which GRP78 has been noted to specifically modulate glioblastoma behavior and discuss current developing therapies involving GRP78 in GBM. While further research is necessary to translate these developing therapies into clinical settings, GRP78-based therapies hold promise in improving current standard-of-care GBM therapy and may ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie Liu
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kathleen Tsung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Frank J Attenello
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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26
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Feng Y, Shu J, Yao L, Lan Y, Ye L, Mei W, Ding Y. Recognizing and stabilizing miR-21 by chiral ruthenium(II) complexes. BMC Chem 2020; 14:26. [PMID: 32266333 PMCID: PMC7119291 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-21, a non-coding miRNA with 22 nucleotides, plays an important part in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. The present study demonstrates that isomers of chiral ruthenium(II) complexes with alkynes (Λ-1 and Δ-1) were synthesized by Songogashira coupling reaction by using microwave-assisted synthetic technology. The isomers can recognize and stabilize miR-21, with the Λ-isomer showing a stronger binding capacity than the Δ-isomer. Further studies showed that both isomers can be uptaken by MDA-MB-231 cells and enriched in the nucleus. Treatment with the Λ-/Δ-isomer downregulated the expression of miR-21. In a word, the development of chiral ruthenium(II) complexes act as potential inhibitors against tumor cells by recognizing, stabilizing, and regulating the expression of miR-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510062 China
| | - Jing Shu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Center for Molecular Probe & Biomedical Imaging, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Liangzhong Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510062 China
| | - Yutao Lan
- Guangdong Province Engineering Center for Molecular Probe & Biomedical Imaging, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Lianbao Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Center for Molecular Probe & Biomedical Imaging, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Wenjie Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Center for Molecular Probe & Biomedical Imaging, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Ying Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510062 China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Center for Molecular Probe & Biomedical Imaging, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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27
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Sudhindra P, Ajay Sharma S, Roy N, Moharana P, Paira P. Recent advances in cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and mechanism of action of ruthenium metallodrugs: A review. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Polymorph of trans-dichlorotetrakis(pyridine-N)ruthenium(II) influenced by a dihydrazone: crystal structure, spectral, Hirshfeld surfaces, antimicrobial, toxicity and in silico docking studies. J CHEM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-020-01829-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Milheiro SA, Gonçalves J, Lopes RMRM, Madureira M, Lobo L, Lopes A, Nogueira F, Fontinha D, Prudêncio M, M Piedade MF, Pinto SN, Florindo PR, Moreira R. Half-Sandwich Cyclopentadienylruthenium(II) Complexes: A New Antimalarial Chemotype. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12722-12732. [PMID: 32838513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A small library of "half-sandwich" cyclopentadienylruthenium(II) compounds of the general formula [(η5-C5R5)Ru(PPh3)(N-N)][PF6], a scaffold hitherto absent from the toolbox of antiplasmodials, was screened for activity against the blood stage of CQ-sensitive 3D7-GFP, CQ-resistant Dd2, and artemisinin-resistant IPC5202 Plasmodium falciparum strains and the liver stage of Plasmodium berghei. The best-performing compounds displayed dual-stage activity, with single-digit nanomolar IC50 values against blood-stage malaria parasites, nanomolar activity against liver-stage parasites, and residual cytotoxicity against HepG2 and Huh7 mammalian cells. The parasitic absorption/distribution of 7-nitrobenzoxadiazole-appended fluorescent compounds Ru4 and Ru5 was investigated by confocal fluorescence microscopy, revealing parasite-selective absorption in infected erythrocytes and nuclear accumulation of both compounds. The lead compound Ru2 impaired asexual parasite differentiation, exhibiting fast parasiticidal activity against both ring and trophozoite stages of a synchronized culture of the P. falciparum 3D7 strain. These results point to cyclopentadienylruthenium(II) complexes as a highly promising chemotype for the development of dual-stage antiplasmodials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia A Milheiro
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Gonçalves
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo M R M Lopes
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Madureira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lis Lobo
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Lopes
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fátima Nogueira
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Fontinha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Fátima M Piedade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra N Pinto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro R Florindo
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Moreira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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30
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Marker SC, King AP, Granja S, Vaughn B, Woods JJ, Boros E, Wilson JJ. Exploring the In Vivo and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Rhenium Isonitrile Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10285-10303. [PMID: 32633531 PMCID: PMC8114230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The established platinum-based drugs form covalent DNA adducts to elicit their cytotoxic response. Although they are widely employed, these agents cause toxic side-effects and are susceptible to cancer-resistance mechanisms. To overcome these limitations, alternative metal complexes containing the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl core have been explored as anticancer agents. Based on a previous study ( Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 9206), a series of highly active tricarbonyl rhenium isonitrile polypyridyl (TRIP) complexes of the general formula fac-[Re(CO)3(NN)(ICN)]+, where NN is a chelating diimine and ICN is an isonitrile ligand, that induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway are investigated. A total of 11 of these TRIP complexes were synthesized, modifying both the equatorial polypyridyl and axial isonitrile ligands. Complexes with more electron-donating equatorial ligands were found to have greater anticancer activity, whereas the axial ICN ligands had a smaller effect on their overall potency. All 11 TRIP derivatives trigger a similar phenotype that is characterized by their abilities to induce ER stress and activate the UPR. Lastly, we explored the in vivo efficacy of one of the most potent complexes, fac-[Re(CO)3(dmphen)(ptolICN)]+ (TRIP-1a), where dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and ptolICN = para-tolyl isonitrile, in mice. The 99mTc congener of TRIP-1a was synthesized, and its biodistribution in BALB/c mice was investigated in comparison to the parent Re complex. The results illustrate that both complexes have similar biodistribution patterns, suggesting that 99mTc analogues of these TRIP complexes can be used as diagnostic partner agents. The in vivo antitumor activity of TRIP-1a was then investigated in NSG mice bearing A2780 ovarian cancer xenografts. When administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg twice weekly, this complex was able to inhibit tumor growth and prolong mouse survival by 150% compared to the vehicle control cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra C. Marker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - A. Paden King
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha Granja
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Brett Vaughn
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, United States
| | - Joshua J. Woods
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Robert F. Smith School for Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell, University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, United States
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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31
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Estrada-Montaño AS, Gries A, Oviedo-Fortino JA, Torres-Gutierrez C, Grain-Hayton A, Marcial-Hernández R, Shen L, Ryabov AD, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Dibromine Promoted Transmetalation of an Organomercurial by Fe(CO)5: Synthesis, Properties, and Cytotoxicity of Bis(2-C6H4-2′-py-κC,N)dicarbonyliron(II). Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo S. Estrada-Montaño
- Instituto de Quı́mica UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alexandre Gries
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, 3 Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - José A. Oviedo-Fortino
- Instituto de Quı́mica UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carolina Torres-Gutierrez
- Instituto de Quı́mica UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Amira Grain-Hayton
- Instituto de Quı́mica UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Longzhu Shen
- University of Cambridge, CB2 3EJ Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander D. Ryabov
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, 3 Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Quı́mica UNAM, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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32
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Solís-Ruiz JA, Barthe A, Riegel G, Saavedra-Díaz RO, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Light activation of cyclometalated ruthenium complexes drives towards caspase 3 dependent apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111080. [PMID: 32330762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polypyridyl ruthenium complexes have been intensively investigated for their remarkable antiproliferative properties and some are currently being tested in clinical trials. Here, we investigated the impact of illumination on the biological properties of a series of new cyclometalated ruthenium compounds with increased π-conjugation. We determined that various of these complexes display a bivalent biological activity as they are highly cytotoxic by themselves in absence of light while their cytotoxicity can significantly be elevated towards an IC50 in the nanomolar range upon illumination. In particular, we showed that these complexes are particularly active (IC50 < 1 μM) on two gastric cancer cell lines (AGS, KATO III) that are resistant towards cisplatin (IC50 > 25 μM). As expected, light activation leads to increased production of singlet oxygen species in vitro and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in vivo. Importantly, we established that light exposure shifts the mode of action of the complexes towards activation of a caspase 3-dependent apoptosis that correlates with increased DNA damage. Altogether, this study characterizes novel ruthenium complexes with dual activity that can be tuned towards different mode of action in order to bypass cancer cell resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Andrés Solís-Ruiz
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Anaïs Barthe
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, 3 Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gilles Riegel
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, 3 Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rafael Omar Saavedra-Díaz
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa Km. 1, 86690 Cunduacán, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, 3 Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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33
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Lin K, Rong Y, Chen D, Zhao Z, Bo H, Qiao A, Hao X, Wang J. Combination of Ruthenium Complex and Doxorubicin Synergistically Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth by Down-Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:141. [PMID: 32133289 PMCID: PMC7041628 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Combinational use of drugs has been a common strategy in cancer treatment because of synergistic advantages in reducing dose and toxicity, minimizing or delaying drug resistance. To improve the efficacy of chemotherapy, various potential combinations have been investigated. Ruthenium complex is considered a potential alternative of the platinum-based drugs due to its significant efficacy and safety. Previously, we reported that ruthenium(II) complex (Δ-Ru1) has great anticancer potential and minor toxicity toward normal tissues. However, the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action of ruthenium(II) complex combined with other anticancer drugs is still unknown. Here, we investigated the combinational effect of Δ-Ru1 and doxorubicin in different cancer cells. The data assessed by Chou-Talalay method showed significant synergism in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, the results in antiproliferation efficacy indicated that the combination showed strong cytotoxicity and increasing apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in 2D and 3D multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs). Significant inhibition of MCF-7 cells accompanied with increased ROS generation was observed. Furthermore, the expression of PI3K/AKT was significantly down-regulated, while the expression of PTEN was strongly up-regulated in cells treated with combination of Δ-Ru1 and doxorubicin. The expression of NF-κB and XIAP decreased while the expression of P53 increased and associated with apoptosis. These findings suggest that the combination of ruthenium complex and doxorubicin has a significant synergistic effect by down-regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in MCF-7 cells. This study may trigger more research in ruthenium complex and combination therapy that will be able to provide opportunities for developing better therapeutics for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Rong
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhuo Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaben Bo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Qiao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Hao
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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34
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Licona C, Delhorme JB, Riegel G, Vidimar V, Cerón-Camacho R, Boff B, Venkatasamy A, Tomasetto C, da Silva Figueiredo Celestino Gomes P, Rognan D, Freund JN, Le Lagadec R, Pfeffer M, Gross I, Mellitzer G, Gaiddon C. Anticancer activity of ruthenium and osmium cyclometalated compounds: identification of ABCB1 and EGFR as resistance mechanisms. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01148j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Switching from ruthenium to osmium reduces sensitivity towards ABCB1 resistance for cyclometalated anticancer drugs.
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35
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Konkankit CC, Lovett J, Harris HH, Wilson JJ. X-Ray fluorescence microscopy reveals that rhenium(i) tricarbonyl isonitrile complexes remain intact in vitro. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6515-6518. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing rhenium isonitrile complex was investigated for its axial ligand stability in living cells using X-ray fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Lovett
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Hugh H. Harris
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
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36
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King AP, Wilson JJ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: an arising target for metal-based anticancer agents. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8113-8136. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00259c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metal anticancer agents are rapidly emerging as selective, potent therapeutics that exhibit anticancer activity by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Paden King
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
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37
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Chemistry and reactivity of ruthenium(II) complexes: DNA/protein binding mode and anticancer activity are related to the complex structure. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Liu J, Lai H, Xiong Z, Chen B, Chen T. Functionalization and cancer-targeting design of ruthenium complexes for precise cancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9904-9914. [PMID: 31360938 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04098f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The successful clinical application of the three generation platinum anticancer drugs, cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, has promoted research interest in metallodrugs; however, the problems of drug resistance and adverse effects have hindered their further application and effects. Thus, scientists are searching for new anticancer metallodrugs with lower toxicity and higher efficacy. The ruthenium complexes have emerged as the most promising alternatives to platinum-based anticancer agents because of their unique multifunctional biochemical properties. In this review, we first focus on the anticancer applications of various ruthenium complexes in different signaling pathways, including the mitochondria-mediated pathway, the DNA damage-mediated pathway, and the death receptor-mediated pathway. We then discuss the functionalization and cancer-targeting designs of different ruthenium complexes in conjunction with other therapies such as photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, radiosensitization, targeted therapy and nanotechnology for precise cancer therapy. This review will help in designing and accelerating the research progress regarding new anticancer ruthenium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggong Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Kumar P, Swagatika S, Dasari S, Tomar RS, Patra AK. Modulation of ruthenium anticancer drugs analogs with tolfenamic acid: Reactivity, biological interactions and growth inhibition of yeast cell. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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King AP, Marker SC, Swanda RV, Woods JJ, Qian SB, Wilson JJ. A Rhenium Isonitrile Complex Induces Unfolded Protein Response-Mediated Apoptosis in Cancer Cells. Chemistry 2019; 25:9206-9210. [PMID: 31090971 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Complexes of the element Re have recently been shown to possess promising anticancer activity through mechanisms of action that are distinct from the conventional metal-based drug cisplatin. In this study, we report our investigations on the anticancer activity of the complex [Re(CO)3 (dmphen)(p-tol-ICN)]+ (TRIP) in which dmphen=2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and p-tol-ICN=para-tolyl isonitrile. TRIP was synthesized by literature methods and exhaustively characterized. This compound exhibited potent in vitro anticancer activity in a wide variety of cell lines. Flow cytometry and immunostaining experiments indicated that TRIP induces intrinsic apoptosis. Comprehensive biological mechanistic studies demonstrated that this compound triggers the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the unfolded protein response, and apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, TRIP induced hyperphosphorylation of eIF2α, translation inhibition, mitochondrial fission, and expression of proapoptotic ATF4 and CHOP. These results establish TRIP as a promising anticancer agent based on its potent cytotoxic activity and ability to induce ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paden King
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sierra C Marker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Robert V Swanda
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Joshua J Woods
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,Robert F. Smith School for Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Shu-Bing Qian
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Justin J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Qin QP, Wang ZF, Huang XL, Tan MX, Shi BB, Liang H. High in Vitro and in Vivo Tumor-Selective Novel Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 3-(2'-Benzimidazolyl)-7-fluoro-coumarin. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:936-940. [PMID: 31223451 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three novel Ru(II) complexes, namely, (RuCl2[La][DMSO]2)·H2O (Ru1), (RuCl2[Lb][DMSO]2) (Ru2), and (RuCl2[Lc][DMSO]2) (Ru3), which respectively contain 3-(2'-benzimidazolyl)coumarin (La), 3-(2'-benzimidazolyl)-7-fluoro-coumarin (Lb), and 3-(2'-benzimidazolyl)-7-methoxyl-coumarin (Lc), were first designed and characterized. Ru2 showed potent antitumor activity against NCI-H460 cells (IC50 = 0.30 ± 0.02 μM) and high selectivity between NCI-H460 cancer cells and normal HL-7702 cells. Ru2 induced NCI-H460 apoptosis via telomerase inhibition, which involved DNA damage, cell-cycle distribution, and S phase-protein down-regulation. However, Ru1 did not demonstrate such effects in NCI-H460 cells, which is undoubtedly associated with the key regulatory role of the 7-fluoro substituted group in the Lb ligand of Ru2. Ru2 exhibited considerably higher anticancer efficacy (inhibition rate [IR] = 61.3%) compared with cisplatin (IR= 25.5%) in a NCI-H460 xenograft mouse model. Thus, this coumarin Ru(II) compound is a promising Ru2-targeting telomerase anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Zhen-Feng Wang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ling Huang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Ming-Xiong Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Bei-Bei Shi
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
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Bai M, Pan T, Yu G, Xie Q, Zeng Z, Zhang Y, Zhu D, Mu L, Qian J, Chang B, Mei WJ, Guan S. Chiral ruthenium(II) complex Δ-[Ru(bpy) 2(o-FMPIP)] (bpy = bipyridine, o-FMPIP = 2-(2'-trifluoromethyphenyl) imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) as potential apoptosis inducer via DNA damage. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:49-55. [PMID: 30880177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral ruthenium(II) complexes have long been considered as potential anticancer agents. Herein, in vivo inhibitory activity of a chiral ruthenium(II) complex coordinated by ligand 2-(2'-trifluoromethyphenyl) imidazo [4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Δ-[Ru(bpy)2(o-FMPIP)] (D0402) on Kunming(KM) mice bearing tumor (H22 hepatic cancer) has been evaluated, and the results showed that the tumor weight of mice treated with 0.22 mg/(kg·day) D0402 via i.v. administration for 7 days decreased about 31.79% compared to the control group, while the body weight, as well as the thymus, spleen, liver, lung, and kidney indices of mice treated with D0402 observed almost no loss compared to the control group. Furthermore, the mechanism studies on anti-angiogenic showed that D0402 could inhibit the formation of angiogenesis in the transgenic Tg(fli1a: EGFP) zebrafish. After treated with D0402, the sub-intestinal vessels(SIVs) of the zebrafish became disordered and chaotic, and was dosage dependent. Moreover, the TUNEL analysis and comet assays revealed that D0402 can induce apoptosis of HepG2 cell through DNA damage, and this was further demonstrated by immunofluorescence analysis with the number of γ-H2AX increased following the increasing amount of D0402. Besides, in vivo toxicity of D0402 has also been investigated on the development of zebrafish embryo, and the results showed that there were no death or development delay occurred for zebrafish embryo treated with D0402 up to concentration of 60 μM. All in together, this study suggested that D0402 can be developed as a potential inhibitor against liver cancer through co-junction of anti-angiogenesis and apoptosis-inducing via DNA damage in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Bai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Tao Pan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Gengnan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Zhaolin Zeng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yanyang Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Duo Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Luwen Mu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiesheng Qian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Boyang Chang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Wen-Jie Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Biomedicine Imaging, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shouhai Guan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Graf M, Siegmund D, Metzler-Nolte N, Sünkel K, Böttcher HC. Synthesis, characterization and studies on the biological activity of bis-cyclometalated M(III)-complexes (M = Rh, Ir and Ru). Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bhatti MZ, Ali A, Duong HQ, Chen J, Rahman FU. Anticancer activity and mechanism of bis-pyrimidine based dimetallic Ru(II)(η 6-p-cymene) complex in human non-small cell lung cancer via p53-dependent pathway. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 194:52-64. [PMID: 30831390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cancer worldwide, which is related with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Notably, ruthenium-based complexes have emerged as good alternative to the currently used platinum-based drugs for cancer therapy. In the present study, we synthesized a novel bis-pyrimidine based ligand 1,3-bis(2-methyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene (L) and used it in the synthesis of a dimetallic Ru(II) cymene complex [(Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl)2(1,3-bis(2-methyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene)] (L-Ru). We checked the stability of this complex in solution state in D2O/DMSO‑d6 mixture and found it to be highly stable under these conditions. We determined the anticancer activity and mechanism of action of L-Ru in human NSCLC A549 and A427 by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and related biological analyses. These results revealed that L-Ru exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the cells proliferation,G0/G1-arrest, accompanied with upregulation of p53, p21, p15, cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein and downregulation of cell cycle markers. L-Ru inhibited cell migration and invasion. The mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of NSCLC induced by L-Ru was also observed followed by the increase of apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X (BAX), and activation of caspase-3/-9. The effects of L-Ru on the cell viability, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells and Annexin V-positive cells apoptosis induction were remarkably attenuated. This complex induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death via caspase-dependent apoptosis involving PARP activation and induction of p53-dependent pathway. These findings suggested that this ruthenium complex might be a potential effective chemotherapeutic agent in NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hong-Quan Duong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Danang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Jiwu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Faiz-Ur Rahman
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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FT-IR Spectroscopy for the Identification of Binding Sites and Measurements of the Binding Interactions of Important Metal Ions with Bovine Serum Albumin. Sci Pharm 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm87010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins play crucial roles in the transportation and distribution of therapeutic substances, including metal ions in living systems. Some metal ions can strongly associate, while others show low affinity towards proteins. Consequently, in the present work, the binding behaviors of Ca2+, Ba2+, Ag+, Ru3+, Cu2+ and Co2+ with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were screened. BSA and the metal ions were allowed to interact at physiological pH and their binding interactions were screened by using FT-IR spectroscopy. Spectra were collected by using hydrated films over a range of 4000–400 cm−1. The interaction was demonstrated by a significant reduction in the spectral intensities of the amide I (C=O stretching) and amide II bands (C–N stretching coupled to NH bending) of the protein after complexation with metal ions. The binding interaction was further revealed by spectral shifting of the amide I band from 1651 cm−1 (free BSA) to 1653, 1654, 1649, 1655, 1655, and 1654 cm−1 for BSA–Ca2+, BSA–Ba2+, BSA–Ag+, BSA–Ru3+, BSA–Cu2+ and BSA–Co2+ complexes, respectively. The shifting of the amide I band was due to the interactions of metal ions with the O and N atoms of the ligand protein. Estimation of the secondary protein structure showed alteration in the protein conformation, characterized by a marked decrease (12.9–40.3%) in the α-helix accompanied by increased β-sheet and β-turn after interaction with the metal ions. The interaction results of this study were comparable with those reported in our previous investigation of metal ion–BSA interactions using affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE), which has proven the accuracy of the FT-IR technique in the measurement of interactions between proteins and metal ions.
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Xu L, Zhang PP, Fang XQ, Liu Y, Wang JQ, Zhou HZ, Chen ST, Chao H. A ruthenium(II) complex containing a p-cresol group induces apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress and reactive oxygen species production. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 191:126-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vidimar V, Licona C, Cerón-Camacho R, Guerin E, Coliat P, Venkatasamy A, Ali M, Guenot D, Le Lagadec R, Jung AC, Freund JN, Pfeffer M, Mellitzer G, Sava G, Gaiddon C. A redox ruthenium compound directly targets PHD2 and inhibits the HIF1 pathway to reduce tumor angiogenesis independently of p53. Cancer Lett 2019; 440-441:145-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
Combining metallo-drugs with ionising radiation for synergistic cancer cell killing: chemical design principles, mechanisms of action and emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. Gill
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology
- Department of Oncology
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Katherine A. Vallis
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology
- Department of Oncology
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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