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Gu X, Zhu Y, Zhao C, Cao Y, Wang J, Zhang Q, Li L. TNFSF15 facilitates the differentiation of CD11b + myeloid cells into vascular pericytes in tumors. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0245. [PMID: 37921408 PMCID: PMC10690882 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immature vasculature lacking pericyte coverage substantially contributes to tumor growth, drug resistance, and cancer cell dissemination. We previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TNFSF15) is a cytokine with important roles in modulating hematopoiesis and vascular homeostasis. The main purpose of this study was to explore whether TNFSF15 might promote freshly isolated myeloid cells to differentiate into CD11b+ cells and further into pericytes. METHODS A model of Lewis lung cancer was established in mice with red fluorescent bone marrow. After TNFSF15 treatment, CD11b+ myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in the tumors, and the co-localization of pericytes and vascular endothelial cells, were assessed. Additionally, CD11b+ cells were isolated from wild-type mice and treated with TNFSF15 to determine the effects on the differentiation of these cells. RESULTS We observed elevated percentages of bone marrow-derived CD11b+ myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in TNFSF15-treated tumors, and the latter cells co-localized with vascular endothelial cells. TNFSF15 protected against CD11b+ cell apoptosis and facilitated the differentiation of these cells into pericytes by down-regulating Wnt3a-VEGFR1 and up-regulating CD49e-FN signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS TNFSF15 facilitates the production of CD11b+ cells in the bone marrow and promotes the differentiation of these cells into pericytes, which may stabilize the tumor neovasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yipan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Cancan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yixin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qiangzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Luyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, and Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin 300350, China
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Pericytes in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2023; 556:216074. [PMID: 36682706 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pericytes are a type of mural cell located between the endothelial cells of capillaries and the basement membrane, which function to regulate the capillary vasomotor and maintain normal microcirculation of local tissues and organs and have been identified as a significant component in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Pericytes have various interactions with different components of the TME, such as constituting the pre-metastatic niche, promoting the growth of cancer cells and drug resistance through paracrine activity, and inducing M2 macrophage polarization. While changes in the TME can affect the number, phenotype, and molecular markers of pericytes. For example, pericyte detachment from endothelial cells in the TME facilitates tumor cells in situ to invade the circulating blood and is beneficial to local capillary basement membrane enzymatic hydrolysis and endothelial cell proliferation and budding, which contribute to tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of pericytes in the TME, and tumor treatment related to pericytes. This review aimed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the function of pericytes and the relationship between pericytes and tumors and to provide ideas for the treatment and prevention of malignant tumors.
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Salas A, Beltrán-Flores S, Évora C, Reyes R, Montes de Oca F, Delgado A, Almeida TA. Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation in Organ Culture: New Insights for Uterine Fibroid Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071542. [PMID: 35884847 PMCID: PMC9313456 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ culture allows for the understanding of normal and tumor cell biology, and tissues generally remain viable for 5–7 days. Strikingly, we determined that myometrial and MED12 mutant leiomyoma cells repopulated cell-depleted tissue slices after 20 days of culture. Using immunofluorescence and quantitative PCR of stem cell and undifferentiated cell markers, we observed clusters of CD49b+ cells in tumor slices. CD49b+ cells, however, were sparsely detected in the myometrial slices. Almost all LM cells strongly expressed Ki67, while only a few myometrial cells were stained for this proliferation marker. The CD73 marker was expressed only in tumor cells, whereas the mesenchymal stem cell receptor KIT was detected only in normal cells. HMGA2 and CD24 showed broader expression patterns and higher signal intensity in leiomyoma than in myometrial cells. In this study, we propose that activating CD49b+ stem cells in myometrium leads to asymmetrical division, giving rise to transit-amplifying KIT+ cells that differentiate to smooth muscle cells. On the contrary, activated leiomyoma CD49b+ cells symmetrically divide to form clusters of stem cells that divide and differentiate to smooth muscle cells without losing proliferation ability. In conclusion, normal and mutant stem cells can proliferate and differentiate in long-term organ culture, constituting a helpful platform for novel therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Salas
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Biology Section, Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (A.S.); (S.B.-F.); (R.R.)
- Institute of Tropical Diseases and Healthcare of the Canary Island, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Silvia Beltrán-Flores
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Biology Section, Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (A.S.); (S.B.-F.); (R.R.)
| | - Carmen Évora
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of La Laguna, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (C.É.); (A.D.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), Medicine Section, Faculty of Health Science, University of La Laguna, St. Santa María Soledad, s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ricardo Reyes
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Biology Section, Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (A.S.); (S.B.-F.); (R.R.)
- Institute of Tropical Diseases and Healthcare of the Canary Island, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Araceli Delgado
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of La Laguna, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (C.É.); (A.D.)
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), Medicine Section, Faculty of Health Science, University of La Laguna, St. Santa María Soledad, s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Teresa A. Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Biology Section, Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; (A.S.); (S.B.-F.); (R.R.)
- Institute of Tropical Diseases and Healthcare of the Canary Island, Ave. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n. San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-922-316-502 (ext. 6117)
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Fukui K, Masumoto N, Yokoyama E, Kanou A, Yokozaki M, Sasada S, Emi A, Kadoya T, Arihiro K, Okada M. Ultrasonography Combined With Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography Can Predict Lymphocyte-predominant Breast Cancer. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2021; 1:309-316. [PMID: 35403146 PMCID: PMC8988962 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated whether contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) scores can predict lymphocyte-predominant breast cancer (LPBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated 75 patients who underwent US and CEUS. LPBC was defined as tissues with ≥50% stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) preoperatively. Characteristic US images predicting LPBC were evaluated using TIL-US scores via three ultrasonic tissue characteristics: Shape, internal echo level, and posterior echoes. TIL-CEUS was evaluated based on TIL-US plus CEUS. RESULTS TIL-US and TIL-CEUS cut-offs for predicting LPBC were 4 and 6 (area under the curve=0.93 and 0.96, respectively) points based on receiver operating characteristics curves. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values (95% confidence intervaI) were 0.94 (0.77-0.99), 0.75 (0.70-0.77), and 0.80 (0.72-0.82); and 0.94 (0.78-0.99), 0.86 (0.81-0.87), and 0.88 (0.80-0.90) for TIL-US and TIL-CEUS, respectively. TIL-CEUS score was a significant single predictor for LPBC in multivariate logistic regression (p=0.001). CONCLUSION TIL-CEUS can be used for preoperative LPBC prediction and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Fukui
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Norio Masumoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine,Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Erika Yokoyama
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Kanou
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michiya Yokozaki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sasada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine,Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Emi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine,Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kadoya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine,Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Arihiro
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine,Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Tao J, Yang G, Zhou W, Qiu J, Chen G, Luo W, Zhao F, You L, Zheng L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. Targeting hypoxic tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:14. [PMID: 33436044 PMCID: PMC7805044 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-01030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attributable to its late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor prognosis, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal diseases worldwide. Unlike other solid tumors, pancreatic cancer harbors ample stromal cells and abundant extracellular matrix but lacks vascularization, resulting in persistent and severe hypoxia within the tumor. Hypoxic microenvironment has extensive effects on biological behaviors or malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer, including metabolic reprogramming, cancer stemness, invasion and metastasis, and pathological angiogenesis, which synergistically contribute to development and therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer. Through various mechanisms including but not confined to maintenance of redox homeostasis, activation of autophagy, epigenetic regulation, and those induced by hypoxia-inducible factors, intratumoral hypoxia drives the above biological processes in pancreatic cancer. Recognizing the pivotal roles of hypoxia in pancreatic cancer progression and therapies, hypoxia-based antitumoral strategies have been continuously developed over the recent years, some of which have been applied in clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy and safety in combinatory therapies for patients with pancreatic cancer. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced aggressive and therapeutically resistant phenotypes in both pancreatic cancerous and stromal cells. Additionally, we focus more on innovative therapies targeting the tumor hypoxic microenvironment itself, which hold great potential to overcome the resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and to enhance antitumor efficacy and reduce toxicity to normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wenchuan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiangdong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wenhao Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Su T, Yang B, Gao T, Liu T, Li J. Polymer nanoparticle-assisted chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920915978. [PMID: 32426046 PMCID: PMC7222269 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920915978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease characterized by highly dense stroma fibrosis. Only 15-20% of patients with pancreatic cancer have resectable tumors, and only around 20% of them survive to 5 years. Traditional cancer treatments have little effect on their prognosis, and successful surgical resection combined with effective perioperative therapy is the main method for maximizing long-term survival. For this reason, chemotherapy is an adjunct treatment for resectable cancer and is the main therapy for incurable pancreatic cancer, including metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, there are various side effects of chemotherapeutic medicine and low drug penetration because the complex tumor microenvironment limits the application of chemotherapy. As a novel strategy, polymer nanoparticles make it possible to target the tumor microenvironment, release cytotoxic agents through various responsive reactions, and thus overcome the treatment barrier. As drug carriers, polymer nanoparticles show marked advantages, such as increased drug delivery and efficiency, controlled drug release, decreased side effects, prolonged half-life, and evasion of immunogenic blockade. In this review, we discuss the factors that cause chemotherapy obstacles in pancreatic cancer, and introduce the application of polymer nanoparticles to treat pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianren Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People’s Republic of China
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Suzuki Y, Ii M, Saito T, Terai Y, Tabata Y, Ohmichi M, Asahi M. Establishment of a novel mouse xenograft model of human uterine leiomyoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8872. [PMID: 29891843 PMCID: PMC5995841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour in women, and an appropriate animal model for leiomyoma would be useful for exploring new therapeutic strategies. Therefore, we have been challenged to develop a new simple mouse model for human leiomyoma. Leiomyoma tissues were harvested from myomas resected by different surgical procedures with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment and were subcutaneously implanted into BALB/c nude mice with an estradiol/progesterone-releasing pellet. The implanted leiomyoma tissues that were obtained from the marginal site of large myomas resected by abdominal myomectomy with GnRHa treatment exhibited sufficient tumour growth in the transplanted mice. The leiomyomas that were treated with GnRHa highly expressed the estrogen/progesterone receptor genes, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and embryonic smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMemb), which suggests that these factors are critical in the establishment of a mouse model of growing leiomyoma. As a result, this model will be useful for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ii
- Division of Research Animal Laboratory and Translational Medicine, Research and Development Center, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Terai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Ohmichi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Asahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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8
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Endothelial cell transplantation in tumors restores normal vasculature, reduces tumor hypoxia, and suppresses tumor outgrowth. J Oral Biosci 2016; 58:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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9
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Lee KE, Spata M, Bayne LJ, Buza EL, Durham AC, Allman D, Vonderheide RH, Simon MC. Hif1a Deletion Reveals Pro-Neoplastic Function of B Cells in Pancreatic Neoplasia. Cancer Discov 2016; 6:256-69. [PMID: 26715642 PMCID: PMC4783189 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-15-0822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with an exceedingly low 5-year survival rate. PDAC tumors are characterized by an extensive desmoplastic stromal response and hypovascularity, suggesting that tumor hypoxia could regulate PDAC initiation and/or progression. Using a well-defined, autochthonous Kras(G12D)-driven murine model, as well as human tumors, we demonstrate that hypoxia and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), a principal mediator of hypoxic adaptation, emerge early during preinvasive stages of PDAC. Surprisingly, pancreas-specific Hif1a deletion drastically accelerated Kras(G12D)-driven pancreatic neoplasia and was accompanied by significant increases in intrapancreatic B lymphocytes, featuring prominent influx of a rare "B1b" B-cell subtype. Finally, treatment of HIF1α-deficient mice with B cell-depleting αCD20 monoclonal antibodies inhibited progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Our data reveal a previously unrecognized role for B cells in promoting pancreatic tumorigenesis and implicate HIF1α as a critical regulator of PDAC development. SIGNIFICANCE We show here that pancreas-specific Hif1a deletion promotes PDAC initiation, coincident with increased intrapancreatic accumulation of B cells, and that B-cell depletion suppresses pancreatic tumorigenesis. We therefore demonstrate a protective role for HIF1α in pancreatic cancer initiation and uncover a previously unrecognized function of B cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Carcinoma in Situ
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL13/metabolism
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/genetics
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Deletion
- Genes, ras
- Humans
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/deficiency
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Staging
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/etiology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Eun Lee
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michelle Spata
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren J Bayne
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth L Buza
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy C Durham
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Allman
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert H Vonderheide
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland.
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Amioka A, Masumoto N, Gouda N, Kajitani K, Shigematsu H, Emi A, Kadoya T, Okada M. Ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to determine clinical responses of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2016; 46:303-9. [PMID: 26848078 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyv215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can predict the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast cancer. METHODS The clinical responses of 63 consecutive patients with breast cancer (T1-4, N0-1, M0) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy between October 2012 and May 2015 were assessed using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography/computed tomography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Perfusion parameters for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were created from time-intensity curves based on enhancement intensity and temporal changes to objectively evaluate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography findings. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography to predict a pathological complete response were compared after confirming the pathological findings of surgical specimens. RESULTS Twenty-three (36.5%) of the 63 patients achieved pathological complete response. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for predicting pathological complete response were 95.7% (82.5-99.2%), 77.5% (69.9-79.5%) and 84.1% (74.5-86.7%). The sensitivity of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was significantly greater than that of magnetic resonance imaging (95.7 vs. 69.6%, P = 0.047). The specificity and accuracy were significantly greater and tended to be greater, respectively, for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography than positron emission tomography/computed tomography (specificity, 77.5 vs. 52.5%, P = 0.02; accuracy, 84.1 vs. 69.8%, P = 0.057). CONCLUSIONS Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography might serve as a new diagnostic modality when planning therapeutic strategies for patients with breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Amioka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Norio Masumoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriko Gouda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiko Kajitani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideo Shigematsu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Emi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kadoya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Saftoiu A, Vilmann P, Bhutani MS. The role of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Endosc Ultrasound 2016; 5:368-372. [PMID: 28000627 PMCID: PMC5206824 DOI: 10.4103/2303-9027.190932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (CE-EUS) allows characterization, differentiation, and staging of focal pancreatic masses. The method has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma which is visualized as hypo-enhanced as compared to the rest of the parenchyma while chronic pancreatitis and neuroendocrine tumors are generally either iso-enhanced or hyper-enhanced. The development of contrast-enhanced low mechanical index harmonic imaging techniques used in real time during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) allowed perfusion imaging and the quantification of intensity of the contrast signal through time-intensity curve analysis. Thus, contrast harmonic imaging-EUS has been used to differentiate pancreatic adenocarcinoma based on lower values of the peak enhancement. Future applications of CE-EUS in pancreatic adenocarcinoma include not only use of targeted contrast agents for early detection, tridimensional and fusion techniques for enhanced staging and resectability assessment but also novel applications of perfusion imaging for monitoring ablative therapy, improved local detection through EUS-guided sampling of portal vein flow or enhanced drug delivery through sonoporation and ultrasound-induced release of the drugs locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saftoiu
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Craiova, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania; Division of Endoscopy, Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Peter Vilmann
- Division of Endoscopy, Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Manoop S Bhutani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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12
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Collet G, Szade K, Nowak W, Klimkiewicz K, El Hafny-Rahbi B, Szczepanek K, Sugiyama D, Weglarczyk K, Foucault-Collet A, Guichard A, Mazan A, Nadim M, Fasani F, Lamerant-Fayel N, Grillon C, Petoud S, Beloeil JC, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J, Kieda C. Endothelial precursor cell-based therapy to target the pathologic angiogenesis and compensate tumor hypoxia. Cancer Lett 2015; 370:345-57. [PMID: 26577811 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducing pathologies as cancer develop pathologic and inefficient angiogenesis which rules tumor facilitating microenvironment, a key target for therapy. As such, the putative ability of endothelial precursor cells (EPCs) to specifically home to hypoxic sites of neovascularization prompted to design optimized, site-specific, cell-mediated, drug-/gene-targeting approach. Thus, EPC lines were established from aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) of murine 10.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc embryo when endothelial repertoire is completed. Lines representing early endothelial differentiation steps were selected: MAgEC10.5 and MagEC11.5. Distinct in maturation, they differently express VEGF receptors, VE-cadherin and chemokine/receptors. MAgEC11.5, more differentiated than MAgEC 10.5, displayed faster angiogenesis in vitro, different response to hypoxia and chemokines. Both MAgEC lines cooperated to tube-like formation with mature endothelial cells and invaded tumor spheroids through a vasculogenesis-like process. In vivo, both MAgEC-formed vessels established blood flow. Intravenously injected, both MAgECs invaded Matrigel(TM)-plugs and targeted tumors. Here we show that EPCs (MAgEC11.5) target tumor angiogenesis and allow local overexpression of hypoxia-driven soluble VEGF-receptor2 enabling drastic tumor growth reduction. We propose that such EPCs, able to target tumor angiogenesis, could act as therapeutic gene vehicles to inhibit tumor growth by vessel normalization resulting from tumor hypoxia alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Collet
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szade
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Witold Nowak
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Klimkiewicz
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Bouchra El Hafny-Rahbi
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Karol Szczepanek
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Daisuke Sugiyama
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazimierz Weglarczyk
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Alexandra Foucault-Collet
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Alan Guichard
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Andrzej Mazan
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Mahdi Nadim
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Fabienne Fasani
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Nathalie Lamerant-Fayel
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Catherine Grillon
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Jean-Claude Beloeil
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland; Malopolska Biotechnology Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, Kraków 30387, Poland
| | - Jozef Dulak
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30387, Poland; Malopolska Biotechnology Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, Kraków 30387, Poland.
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071, France; Malopolska Biotechnology Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, Kraków 30387, Poland.
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13
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Efficacy of Sonazoid (Perflubutane) for Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differentiation of Focal Breast Lesions: Phase 3 Multicenter Clinical Trial. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014; 202:W400-7. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.12.10518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Kawamoto T, Sasajima J, Sugiyama Y, Nakamura K, Tanabe H, Fujiya M, Nata T, Iuchi Y, Ashida T, Torimoto Y, Mizukami Y, Kohgo Y. Ex vivo activation of angiogenic property in human peripheral blood-derived monocytes by thrombopoietin. Int J Hematol 2013; 98:417-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-013-1423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Wang WQ, Liu L, Xu HX, Luo GP, Chen T, Wu CT, Xu YF, Xu J, Liu C, Zhang B, Long J, Tang ZY, Yu XJ. Intratumoral α-SMA enhances the prognostic potency of CD34 associated with maintenance of microvessel integrity in hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71189. [PMID: 23940715 PMCID: PMC3734294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvessel density (MVD) as an angiogenesis predictor is inefficient per se in cancer prognosis. We evaluated prognostic values of combining intratumoral alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive stromal cell density and MVD after curative resection in hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hypovascular pancreatic cancer (PC). Tissue microarrays were constructed from tumors of 305 HCC and 57 PC patients who underwent curative resection and analyzed for α-SMA and CD34 expression by immunostaining. Prognostic values of these two proteins and other clinicopathological features were examined. Both low α-SMA density and high MVD-CD34 were associated in HCC with the presence of intrahepatic metastasis and microvascular invasion, and they were related to lymph node involvement and microvascular invasion in PC (p<0.05). Although CD34 alone, but not α-SMA, was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and recurrence-free survival, the combination of low α-SMA and high CD34 was a predictor of worst prognosis for both types of tumors and had a better power to predict patient death and early recurrence (p<0.01). Furthermore, the results show that distribution of most of the α-SMA-positive cells and vascular endothelial cells overlap, showing major colocalization on vascular walls. Poor microvessel integrity, as indicated by high MVD, together with low perivascular α-SMA-positive cell coverage is associated with early recurrence, unfavorable metastasis, and short survival after tumor resection. This finding highlights the significance of vascular quality in tumor progression, which provides an optimized complement to vascular quantity in prognosis of postoperative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Quan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Xiang Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Pei Luo
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Tao Wu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Feng Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Jun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; and Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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de Groot J, Reardon DA, Batchelor TT. Antiangiogenic therapy for glioblastoma: the challenge of translating response rate into efficacy. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2013:00113000e71. [PMID: 23714460 DOI: 10.14694/edbook_am.2013.33.e71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma are one of the mostly vascularized tumors and are histologically characterized by abundant endothelial cell proliferation. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is responsible for a degree of vascular proliferation and vessel permeability leading to symptomatic cerebral edema. Initial excitement generated from the impressive radiographic response rates has waned due to concerns of limited long-term efficacy and the promotion of a treatment-resistant phenotype. Reasons for the discrepancy between high radiographic response rates and lack of survival benefit have led to a focus on identifying potential mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. However, equally important is the need to focus on identification of basic mechanisms of action of this class of drugs, determining the optimal biologic dose for each agent and identify the effect of antiangiogenic therapy on oxygen and drug delivery to tumor to optimize drug combinations. Finally, alternatives to overall survival (OS) need to be pursued using the application of validated parameters to reliably assess neurologic function and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- John de Groot
- From the Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA
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17
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Sun Z, Lee CJ, Mejia-Guerrero S, Zhang Y, Higuchi K, Li RK, Medin JA. Neonatal Transfer of Membrane-Bound Stem Cell Factor Improves Survival and Heart Function in Aged Mice After Myocardial Ischemia. Hum Gene Ther 2012; 23:1280-9. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Sun
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | | | - Yuemei Zhang
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Koji Higuchi
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A. Medin
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
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18
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Wang WQ, Liu L, Sun HC, Fu YL, Xu HX, Chai ZT, Zhang QB, Kong LQ, Zhu XD, Lu L, Ren ZG, Tang ZY. Tanshinone IIA inhibits metastasis after palliative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma and prolongs survival in part via vascular normalization. J Hematol Oncol 2012; 5:69. [PMID: 23137165 PMCID: PMC3506473 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Promotion of endothelial normalization restores tumor oxygenation and obstructs tumor cells invasion, intravasation, and metastasis. We therefore investigated whether a vasoactive drug, tanshinone IIA, could inhibit metastasis by inducing vascular normalization after palliative resection (PR) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A liver orthotopic double-tumor xenograft model in nude mouse was established by implantation of HCCLM3 (high metastatic potential) and HepG2 tumor cells. After removal of one tumor by PR, the effects of tanshinone IIA administration on metastasis, tumor vascularization, and survival were evaluated. Tube formation was examined in mouse tumor-derived endothelial cells (TECs) treated with tanshinone IIA. Results PR significantly accelerated residual hepatoma metastases. Tanshinone IIA did not inhibit growth of single-xenotransplanted tumors, but it did reduce the occurrence of metastases. Moreover, it inhibited PR-enhanced metastases and, more importantly, prolonged host survival. Tanshinone IIA alleviated residual tumor hypoxia and suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo; however, it did not downregulate hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) or reverse EMT of tumor cells under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Tanshinone IIA directly strengthened tube formation of TECs, associated with vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor 1/platelet derived growth factor receptor (VEGFR1/PDGFR) upregulation. Although the microvessel density (MVD) of residual tumor tissue increased after PR, the microvessel integrity (MVI) was still low. While tanshinone IIA did not inhibit MVD, it did dramatically increase MVI, leading to vascular normalization. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that tanshinone IIA can inhibit the enhanced HCC metastasis associated with PR. Inhibition results from promoting VEGFR1/PDGFR-related vascular normalization. This application demonstrates the potential clinical benefit of preventing postsurgical recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Quan Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Mizukami Y, Sasajima J, Ashida T, Kohgo Y. Abnormal tumor vasculatures and bone marrow-derived pro-angiogenic cells in cancer. Int J Hematol 2012; 95:125-30. [PMID: 22311464 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-012-1017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-derived factors affect the stroma of cancer tissue by activating pro-angiogenic signals. One of the key components of this response is the mobilization of the pro-angiogenic cells from bone marrow (BM), which contribute to the development of abnormal tumor vasculature. Evidence is accumulating that the pro-angiogenic cells derived from BM are involved in the physiological processes of tissue repair and wound healing. However, vascular structure in cancer tissue is impaired, resulting in the formation of chaotic neo-vessels and hypoxic microenvironments. Ultimately, these structural and functional abnormalities result in the limited delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and create regions of metabolic derangement, both of which enhance resistance to chemotherapy. In spite of recent advances in targeted therapy using anti-vascular agents, clinical results from studies using individual agents have unsatisfactory, necessitating the combinatorial use of anti-cancer drugs and a targeting agent. We suggest the possibility of a new therapeutic approach in which aberrant tumor vessels are normalized by BM-derived pro-angiogenic cells, and the delivery of anti-cancer drugs is maximized. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the structure and function of tumor vessels, and an alternative approach to the repair of abnormal tumor vasculature by the use of BM-derived pro-angiogenic cells. This approach may improve both the delivery and the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs by restoring aberrant tumor vascularization and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Mizukami
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, GRJ-825, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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20
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Torimura T, Ueno T, Taniguchi E, Masuda H, Iwamoto H, Nakamura T, Inoue K, Hashimoto O, Abe M, Koga H, Barresi V, Nakashima E, Yano H, Sata M. Interaction of endothelial progenitor cells expressing cytosine deaminase in tumor tissues and 5-fluorocytosine administration suppresses growth of 5-fluorouracil-sensitive liver cancer in mice. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:542-8. [PMID: 22151662 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug delivery system to tumors is a critical factor in upregulating the effect of anticancer drugs and reducing adverse events. Recent studies indicated selective migration of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) into tumor tissues. Cytosine deaminase (CD) transforms nontoxic 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into the highly toxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). We investigated the antitumor effect of a new CD/5-FC system with CD cDNA transfected EPC for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in mice. We used human hepatoma cell lines (HuH-7, HLF, HAK1-B, KYN-2, KIM-1) and a rat EPC cell line (TR-BME-2). Escherichia coli CD cDNA was transfected into TR-BME-2 (CD-TR-BME). The inhibitory effect of 5-FU on the proliferation of hepatoma cell lines and the inhibitory effect of 5-FU secreted by CD-TR-BME and 5-FC on the proliferation of co-cultured hepatoma cells were evaluated by a tetrazolium-based assay. In mouse subcutaneous xenograft models of KYN-2 and HuH-7, CD-TR-BME was transplanted intravenously followed by 5-FC injection intraperitoneally. HuH-7 cells were the most sensitive to 5-FU and KYN-2 cells were the most resistant. CD-TR-BME secreted 5-FU and inhibited HuH-7 proliferation in a 5-FC dose-dependent manner. CD-TR-BME were recruited into the tumor tissues and some were incorporated into tumor vessels. Tumor growth of HuH-7 was significantly suppressed during 5-FC administration. No bodyweight loss, ALT abnormality or bone marrow suppression was observed. These findings suggest that our new CD/5-FC system with CD cDNA transfected EPC could be an effective and safe treatment for suppression of 5-FU-sensitive HCC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Torimura
- Liver Cancer Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
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21
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Goel S, Duda DG, Xu L, Munn LL, Boucher Y, Fukumura D, Jain RK. Normalization of the vasculature for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Physiol Rev 2011; 91:1071-121. [PMID: 21742796 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1114] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
New vessel formation (angiogenesis) is an essential physiological process for embryologic development, normal growth, and tissue repair. Angiogenesis is tightly regulated at the molecular level. Dysregulation of angiogenesis occurs in various pathologies and is one of the hallmarks of cancer. The imbalance of pro- and anti-angiogenic signaling within tumors creates an abnormal vascular network that is characterized by dilated, tortuous, and hyperpermeable vessels. The physiological consequences of these vascular abnormalities include temporal and spatial heterogeneity in tumor blood flow and oxygenation and increased tumor interstitial fluid pressure. These abnormalities and the resultant microenvironment fuel tumor progression, and also lead to a reduction in the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. With the discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a major driver of tumor angiogenesis, efforts have focused on novel therapeutics aimed at inhibiting VEGF activity, with the goal of regressing tumors by starvation. Unfortunately, clinical trials of anti-VEGF monotherapy in patients with solid tumors have been largely negative. Intriguingly, the combination of anti-VEGF therapy with conventional chemotherapy has improved survival in cancer patients compared with chemotherapy alone. These seemingly paradoxical results could be explained by a "normalization" of the tumor vasculature by anti-VEGF therapy. Preclinical studies have shown that anti-VEGF therapy changes tumor vasculature towards a more "mature" or "normal" phenotype. This "vascular normalization" is characterized by attenuation of hyperpermeability, increased vascular pericyte coverage, a more normal basement membrane, and a resultant reduction in tumor hypoxia and interstitial fluid pressure. These in turn can lead to an improvement in the metabolic profile of the tumor microenvironment, the delivery and efficacy of exogenously administered therapeutics, the efficacy of radiotherapy and of effector immune cells, and a reduction in number of metastatic cells shed by tumors into circulation in mice. These findings are consistent with data from clinical trials of anti-VEGF agents in patients with various solid tumors. More recently, genetic and pharmacological approaches have begun to unravel some other key regulators of vascular normalization such as proteins that regulate tissue oxygen sensing (PHD2) and vessel maturation (PDGFRβ, RGS5, Ang1/2, TGF-β). Here, we review the pathophysiology of tumor angiogenesis, the molecular underpinnings and functional consequences of vascular normalization, and the implications for treatment of cancer and nonmalignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shom Goel
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Sato Y. Persistent vascular normalization as an alternative goal of anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:1253-6. [PMID: 21401807 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.01929.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is recognized as one of the principal hallmarks of cancers. Cancers contain newly formed immature vessels devoid of firm coverage by pericytes. Several drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor signals are now in clinical use for anti-angiogenic cancer treatment. Those drugs transiently normalize tumor vessels and ultimately provoke vascular regression. This regression causes tumor hypoxia, which could trigger certain cancer cells to become more invasive and metastatic. Normalized vessels do not induce tumor hypoxia, and may protect from cancer cell intravasation and enhance anticancer treatment with chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, or immune therapy. Thus, persistent vascular normalization could be an alternative goal of anti-angiogenic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Sato
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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