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Chauhan S, Mathur R, Jha AK. The Impact of microRNA SNPS on Breast Cancer: Potential Biomarkers for Disease Detection. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01113-w. [PMID: 38512426 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is considered a significant health concern worldwide, with genetic predisposition playing a critical role in its etiology. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), particularly those within the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of target genes, are emerging as key factors in breast cancer susceptibility. Specifically, miRNAs have been recognized as possible novel approach for biomarkers discovery for both prognosis and diagnosis due to their direct association with cancer progression. Regional disparities in breast cancer incidence underscore the need for precise interventions, considering socio-cultural and economic factors. This review explores into the differential effects of SNP-miRNA interactions on breast cancer risk, emphasizing both risk-enhancing and protective associations across diverse populations. Furthermore, it explores the clinical implications of these findings, highlighting the potential of personalized approaches in breast cancer management. Additionally, it reviews the evolving therapeutic prospect of microRNAs (miRNAs), extending beyond cancer therapeutics to encompass various diseases, indicative of their versatility as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Runjhun Mathur
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Banerjee K, Saha S, Das S, Ghosal S, Ghosh I, Basu A, Jana SS. Expression of nonmuscle myosin IIC is regulated by non-canonical binding activity of miRNAs. iScience 2023; 26:108384. [PMID: 38047082 PMCID: PMC10690570 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of mechanoresponsive nonmuscle myosin II (NMII)C is found to be inducible during tumor progression, but its mechanism is yet to be explored. Here, we report a group of microRNAs (mmu-miR-200a-5p, mmu-miR-532-3p, mmu-miR-680, and mmu-miR-1901) can significantly repress the expression of nonmuscle myosin IIC (NMIIC). Interestingly, these microRNAs have both canonical and non-canonical binding sites at 3/UTR and coding sequence (CDS) of NMIIC's heavy chain (HC) mRNA. Each of the miRNA downregulates NMHC-IIC to a different degree as assessed by dual-luciferase and immunoblot analyses. When we abolish the complementary base pairing at canonical binding site, mmu-miR-532-3p can still bind at non-canonical binding site and form Argonaute2 (AGO2)-miRNA complex to downregulate the expression of NMIIC. Modulating the expression of NMIIC by miR-532-3p in mouse mammary tumor cells, 4T1, increases its tumorigenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. Together, these studies provide the functional role of miRNA's non-canonical binding mediated NMIIC regulation in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumarjeet Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Shekhar Saha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Shaoli Das
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suman Ghosal
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Indranil Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhimanyu Basu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Siddhartha S. Jana
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
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3
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Tariq L, Arafah A, Sehar N, Ali A, Khan A, Rasool I, Rashid SM, Ahmad SB, Beigh S, Dar TUH, Rehman MU. Novel insights on perils and promises of miRNA in understanding colon cancer metastasis and progression. Med Oncol 2023; 40:282. [PMID: 37639075 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third highest frequent malignancy and ultimate critical source of cancer-associated mortality around the world. Regardless of latest advances in molecular and surgical targeted medicines that have increased remedial effects in CRC patients, the 5-year mortality rate for CRC patients remains dismally low. Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) execute an essential part in the development and spread of CRC. The miRNAs are a type of short non-coding RNA that exhibited to control the appearance of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. miRNA expression profiling is already being utilized in clinical practice as analytical and prognostic biomarkers to evaluate cancer patients' tumor genesis, advancement, and counteraction to drugs. By modulating their target genes, dysregulated miRNAs are linked to malignant characteristics (e.g., improved proliferative and invasive capabilities, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, and promotion of angiogenesis). This review presents an updated summary of circulatory miRNAs, tumor-suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, and the potential reasons for dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. Further we will explore the critical role of miRNAs in CRC drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouroz Sehar
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iyman Rasool
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Karanagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Saba Beigh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Al Baha University, 65431, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Ul Hassan Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ward SV, Autuori I, Luo L, LaPilla E, Yoo S, Sharma A, Busam KJ, Olilla DW, Dwyer T, Anton-Culver H, Zanetti R, Sacchetto L, Cust AE, Gallagher RP, Kanetsky PA, Rosso S, Begg CB, Berwick M, Thomas NE, Orlow I. Sex-Specific Associations of MDM2 and MDM4 Variants with Risk of Multiple Primary Melanomas and Melanoma Survival in Non-Hispanic Whites. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2707. [PMID: 37345045 PMCID: PMC10216616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MDM2-SNP309 (rs2279744), a common genetic modifier of cancer incidence in Li-Fraumeni syndrome, modifies risk, age of onset, or prognosis in a variety of cancers. Melanoma incidence and outcomes vary by sex, and although SNP309 exerts an effect on the estrogen receptor, no consensus exists on its effect on melanoma. MDM2 and MDM4 restrain p53-mediated tumor suppression, independently or together. We investigated SNP309, an a priori MDM4-rs4245739, and two coinherited variants, in a population-based cohort of 3663 primary incident melanomas. Per-allele and per-haplotype (MDM2_SNP309-SNP285; MDM4_rs4245739-rs1563828) odds ratios (OR) for multiple-melanoma were estimated with logistic regression models. Hazard ratios (HR) for melanoma death were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models. In analyses adjusted for covariates, females carrying MDM4-rs4245739*C were more likely to develop multiple melanomas (ORper-allele = 1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.51, and Ptrend = 0.03), while MDM2-rs2279744*G was inversely associated with melanoma-death (HRper-allele = 0.63, 95% CI 0.42-0.95, and Ptrend = 0.03). We identified 16 coinherited expression quantitative loci that control the expression of MDM2, MDM4, and other genes in the skin, brain, and lungs. Our results suggest that MDM4/MDM2 variants are associated with the development of subsequent primaries and with the death of melanoma in a sex-dependent manner. Further investigations of the complex MDM2/MDM4 motif, and its contribution to the tumor microenvironment and observed associations, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V. Ward
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Isidora Autuori
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Emily LaPilla
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarah Yoo
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Klaus J. Busam
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David W. Olilla
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Clinical Sciences Theme, Heart Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia
- Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3BD, UK
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Roberto Zanetti
- Piedmont Cancer Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Prevention in Oncology in Piedmont, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lidia Sacchetto
- Piedmont Cancer Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Prevention in Oncology in Piedmont, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Anne E. Cust
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Richard P. Gallagher
- BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
| | - Peter A. Kanetsky
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Stefano Rosso
- Piedmont Cancer Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Prevention in Oncology in Piedmont, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Colin B. Begg
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marianne Berwick
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Nancy E. Thomas
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Irene Orlow
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Profile of MicroRNAs Associated with Death Due to Disease Progression in Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030869. [PMID: 36765828 PMCID: PMC9913691 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common neoplasm of the endocrine system and has an excellent long-term prognosis, with low rates of distant metastatic disease. Although infrequent, there are cases of deaths directly related to PTC, especially in patients with metastatic disease, and the factors that could be associated with this unfavorable outcome remain a major challenge in clinical practice. Recently, research into genetic factors associated with PTC has gained ground, especially mutations in the TERT promoter and BRAF gene. However, the role of microRNAs remains poorly studied, especially in those patients who have an unfavorable outcome at follow-up. This paper aims to evaluate molecular markers related to the different pathological processes of PTC, as well as the histological characteristics of the neoplasm, and to compare this profile with prognosis and death from the disease using an analysis of patients treated for metastatic disease in a single tertiary cancer center. Evaluation of microRNA expression in paraffin-embedded tumor specimens was carried out by quantitative PCR using the TaqMan® Low Density Array (TLDA) system. Metastatic patients who died from progression of PTC had higher expressions of miR-101-3p, miR-17-5p, and miR-191-5p when compared to patients with stable metastatic disease. These findings are of great importance but should be considered as preliminary because of the small sample.
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MDM4: What do we know about the association between its polymorphisms and cancer? MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:61. [PMID: 36566308 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MDM4 is an important p53-negative regulator, consequently, it is involved in cell proliferation, DNA repair, and apoptosis regulation. MDM4 overexpression and amplification are described to lead to cancer formation, metastasis, and poor disease prognosis. Several MDM4 SNPs are in non-coding regions, and some affect the MDM4 regulation by disrupting the micro RNA binding site in 3'UTR (untranslated region). Here, we gathered several association studies with different MDM4 SNPs and populations to understand the relationship between its SNPs and solid tumor risk. Many studies failed to replicate their results regarding different populations, cancer types, and risk genotypes, leading to conflicting conclusions. We suggested that distinct haplotype patterns in different populations might affect the association between MDM4 SNPs and cancer risk. Thus, we propose to investigate some linkage SNPs in specific haplotypes to provide informative MDM4 markers for association studies with cancer.
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Xiong L, Garfinkel A. A common pathway to cancer: Oncogenic mutations abolish p53 oscillations. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 174:28-40. [PMID: 35752348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 oscillates in response to DNA double-strand breaks, a behavior that has been suggested to be essential to its anti-cancer function. Nearly all human cancers have genetic alterations in the p53 pathway; a number of these alterations have been shown to be oncogenic by experiment. These alterations include somatic mutations and copy number variations as well as germline polymorphisms. Intriguingly, they exhibit a mixed pattern of interactions in tumors, such as co-occurrence, mutual exclusivity, and paradoxically, mutual antagonism. Using a differential equation model of p53-Mdm2 dynamics, we employ Hopf bifurcation analysis to show that these alterations have a common mode of action, to abolish the oscillatory competence of p53, thereby, we suggest, impairing its tumor suppressive function. In this analysis, diverse genetic alterations, widely associated with human cancers clinically, have a unified mechanistic explanation of their role in oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Xiong
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA; Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alan Garfinkel
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Newton-Abraham Visiting Professor (2019-2020), Lincoln College and Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3DR, UK.
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8
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Zhou R, Li Y, Wang N, Niu C, Huang X, Cao S, Huo X. MDM4 polymorphisms associated with the risk but not the prognosis of esophageal cancer in Cixian high-incidence region from northern China. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:e435-e441. [PMID: 35098683 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) may contribute to tumorgenesis by inhibiting p53 tumor suppressor activity. This study was designed to investigate whether MDM4 polymorphisms could affect susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the survival of ESCC patients in a population from Cixian high-incidence region of northern China, which has not been explored. METHODS MDM4 rs1380576 and rs4245739 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) in 568 ESCC patients and 578 controls. RESULTS Compared to rs1380576 C/C genotype, C/G genotype was associated with decreased risk of ESCC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.761, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.595-0.973). Compared to rs4245739 A/A genotype, A/C or C/C genotype was related to increased susceptibility to ESCC (OR = 1.551, 95% CI = 1.001-2.402). Individuals with GC haplotype had significantly higher risk of ESCC than those with CA or GA haplotype (OR = 1.598, 95% CI = 1.048-2.438). Neither rs1380576 nor rs4245739 influenced the survival of ESCC patients. CONCLUSION rs1380576 and rs4245739 may be used to predict susceptibility to ESCC for population in Cixian high-incidence region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmiao Zhou
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Na Wang
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chaoxu Niu
- Department of Surgery, Shijiazhuang Ping'an Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shiru Cao
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangran Huo
- Hebei Provincial Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Papasavva PL, Patsali P, Loucari CC, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Kleanthous M, Lederer CW. CRISPR Editing Enables Consequential Tag-Activated MicroRNA-Mediated Endogene Deactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1082. [PMID: 35163006 PMCID: PMC8834719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular therapies and functional studies greatly benefit from spatial and temporal precision of genetic intervention. We therefore conceived and explored tag-activated microRNA (miRNA)-mediated endogene deactivation (TAMED) as a research tool and potential lineage-specific therapy. For proof of principle, we aimed to deactivate γ-globin repressor BCL11A in erythroid cells by tagging the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of BCL11A with miRNA recognition sites (MRSs) for the abundant erythromiR miR-451a. To this end, we employed nucleofection of CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles alongside double- or single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides for, respectively, non-homologous-end-joining (NHEJ)- or homology-directed-repair (HDR)-mediated MRS insertion. NHEJ-based tagging was imprecise and inefficient (≤6%) and uniformly produced knock-in- and indel-containing MRS tags, whereas HDR-based tagging was more efficient (≤18%), but toxic for longer donors encoding concatenated and thus potentially more efficient MRS tags. Isolation of clones for robust HEK293T cells tagged with a homozygous quadruple MRS resulted in 25% spontaneous reduction in BCL11A and up to 36% reduction after transfection with an miR-451a mimic. Isolation of clones for human umbilical cord blood-derived erythroid progenitor-2 (HUDEP-2) cells tagged with single or double MRS allowed detection of albeit weak γ-globin induction. Our study demonstrates suitability of TAMED for physiologically relevant modulation of gene expression and its unsuitability for therapeutic application in its current form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota L. Papasavva
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Petros Patsali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Constantinos C. Loucari
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan;
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan;
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (P.L.P.); (P.P.); (C.C.L.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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Abstract
Since their first discovery more than 20 years ago, miRNAs have been subject to deliberate research and analysis for revealing their physiological or pathological involvement. Regulatory roles of miRNAs in signal transduction, gene expression, and cellular processes in development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and homeostasis also imply their critical role in disease pathogenesis. Their roles in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and other systemic diseases have been studied broadly. In these regulatory pathways, their mutations and target sequence variations play critical roles to determine their functional repertoire. In this chapter, we summarize studies that investigated the role of mutations, polymorphisms, and other variations of miRNAs in respect to pathological processes.
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Chhichholiya Y, Suryan AK, Suman P, Munshi A, Singh S. SNPs in miRNAs and Target Sequences: Role in Cancer and Diabetes. Front Genet 2021; 12:793523. [PMID: 34925466 PMCID: PMC8673831 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.793523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are fascinating molecular players for gene regulation as individual miRNA can control multiple targets and a single target can be regulated by multiple miRNAs. Loss of miRNA regulated gene expression is often reported to be implicated in various human diseases like diabetes and cancer. Recently, geneticists across the world started reporting single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in seed sequences of miRNAs. Similarly, SNPs are also reported in various target sequences of these miRNAs. Both the scenarios lead to dysregulated gene expression which may result in the progression of diseases. In the present paper, we explore SNPs in various miRNAs and their target sequences reported in various human cancers as well as diabetes. Similarly, we also present evidence of these mutations in various other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Chhichholiya
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Aman Kumar Suryan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Prabhat Suman
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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12
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Wang Y, Yang Z, Chang X, Li J, Han Z. Five MDM4 gene polymorphisms on cancer risk: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2021; 36:17246008211033874. [PMID: 34347554 DOI: 10.1177/17246008211033874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aims to provide a comprehensive account of the association of five MDM4 gene polymorphisms (rs1380576, rs1563828, rs10900598, rs11801299, and rs4245739) with susceptibility to cancer. METHODS A literature search for eligible candidate gene studies published before 27 February 2021 was conducted in PubMed, Medline and Web of Science. The following combinations of main keywords were used: (MDM4 OR MDMX OR HDMX OR mouse double minute 4 homolog) AND (polymorphism OR mutation OR variation OR SNP OR genotype) AND (cancer OR tumor OR neoplasm OR malignancy OR carcinoma OR adenocarcinoma). Potential sources of heterogeneity were sought out via meta-regression, subgroup and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Overall, a total of 15 articles with 21,365 cases and 29,280 controls for five polymorphisms of the MDM4 gene were enrolled. In the stratified analysis of rs1380576, we found that Asians might have less susceptibility to cancer. We found that rs4245739 was correlated with a decreased risk of cancer for Asians and breast cancer susceptibility. However, for other polymorphisms, the results showed no significant association with cancer risk. CONCLUSION MDM4 rs1380576 polymorphism is negatively associated with the risk of cancer in the Asian population. MDM4 rs4245739 polymorphism is inversely associated with cancer risk for Asians and breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Urology, 71213The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Department of Urology, 71213The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Xueliang Chang
- Department of Urology, 71213The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Jingdong Li
- Department of Urology, 71213The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
| | - Zhenwei Han
- Department of Urology, 71213The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China
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13
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Lange M, Begolli R, Giakountis A. Non-Coding Variants in Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Potential for Personalized Medicine. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:47. [PMID: 34449663 PMCID: PMC8395730 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer genome is characterized by extensive variability, in the form of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) or structural variations such as Copy Number Alterations (CNAs) across wider genomic areas. At the molecular level, most SNPs and/or CNAs reside in non-coding sequences, ultimately affecting the regulation of oncogenes and/or tumor-suppressors in a cancer-specific manner. Notably, inherited non-coding variants can predispose for cancer decades prior to disease onset. Furthermore, accumulation of additional non-coding driver mutations during progression of the disease, gives rise to genomic instability, acting as the driving force of neoplastic development and malignant evolution. Therefore, detection and characterization of such mutations can improve risk assessment for healthy carriers and expand the diagnostic and therapeutic toolbox for the patient. This review focuses on functional variants that reside in transcribed or not transcribed non-coding regions of the cancer genome and presents a collection of appropriate state-of-the-art methodologies to study them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Lange
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Rodiola Begolli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Antonis Giakountis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.L.); (R.B.)
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C “Alexander Fleming”, 34 Fleming Str., 16672 Vari, Greece
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14
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Mancini F, Giorgini L, Teveroni E, Pontecorvi A, Moretti F. Role of Sex in the Therapeutic Targeting of p53 Circuitry. Front Oncol 2021; 11:698946. [PMID: 34307167 PMCID: PMC8298065 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.698946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex profoundly affects cancer incidence and susceptibility to therapy, with sex hormones highly contributing to this disparity. Various studies and omics data suggest a relationship between sex and the oncosuppressor p53 circuitry, including its regulators MDM2 and MDM4. Association of this network with genetic variation underlies sex-related altered cancer risk, age of onset, and cancer sensitivity to therapy. Moreover, sex-related factors, mainly estrogenic hormones, can affect the levels and/or function of the p53 network both in hormone-dependent and independent cancer. Despite this evidence, preclinical and clinical studies aimed to evaluate p53 targeted therapy rarely consider sex and related factors. This review summarizes the studies reporting the relationship between sex and the p53 circuitry, including its associated regulators, MDM2 and MDM4, with particular emphasis on estrogenic hormones. Moreover, we reviewed the evaluation of sex/hormone in preclinical studies and clinical trials employing p53-target therapies, and discuss how patients’ sex and hormonal status could impact these therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancini
- Research Unit on Human Reproduction, International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Giorgini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Monterotondo, Italy.,Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Teveroni
- Research Unit on Human Reproduction, International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Rome, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Moretti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, Monterotondo, Italy
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15
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Gansmo LB, Lie BA, Mæhlen MT, Vatten L, Romundstad P, Hveem K, Lønning PE, Knappskog S. Polymorphisms in the TP53-MDM2-MDM4-axis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Gene 2021; 793:145747. [PMID: 34077778 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to being a tumour suppressor, TP53 is a suppressor of inflammation, and dysfunction of this gene has been related to autoimmune diseases. Patients with autoimmunity, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of certain cancers, like lymphomas, indicating that some underlying mechanisms may modulate risk of both cancers and autoimmunity. METHODS We genotyped 5 common genetic variants in TP53 and its main regulators MDM2 and MDM4 in a sample of 942 RA patients and 3,747 healthy controls, and mined previously published GWAS-data, to assess the potential impact of these variants on risk of RA. RESULTS For the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism (rs1042522), MDM4 SNP34091 (rs4245739) and MDM2 SNP285C (rs117039649), we found no association to risk of RA. For MDM2 SNP309 (rs2279744), the minor G-allele was associated with a reduced risk of RA (OR: 0.87; CI: 0.79-0.97). This association was also seen in genotype models (OR: 0.86; CI: 0.74-0.99 and OR: 0.79; CI 0.63-0.99; dominant and recessive model, respectively), but was not validated in a large GWAS data set. For MDM2 del1518 (rs3730485), the minor del-allele was associated with an increased risk of RA in the dominant model (OR: 1.18; CI: 1.02-1.38). Stratifying RA cases and controls into phylogenetic subgroups according to the combined genotypes of all three MDM2 polymorphism, we found individuals with the del158-285-309 genotype del/ins-G/G-T/T to have an increased risk of RA as compared to those with the ins/ins-G/G-G/G genotype (OR: 1.56; CI: 1.18-2.06) indicating opposite effects of the del1518 del-allele and the SNP309 G-allele. CONCLUSION We find a potential association between the MDM2 del1518 variant and RA, and indications that combinatorial genotypes and haplotypes in the MDM2 locus may be related to RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv B Gansmo
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Benedicte A Lie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marthe T Mæhlen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Vatten
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pål Romundstad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per E Lønning
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stian Knappskog
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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16
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Inhibition of the mTOR pathway and reprogramming of protein synthesis by MDM4 reduce ovarian cancer metastatic properties. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:558. [PMID: 34052831 PMCID: PMC8164635 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with a high death rate mainly due to the metastatic spread. The expression of MDM4, a well-known p53-inhibitor, is positively associated with chemotherapy response and overall survival (OS) in EOC. However, the basis of this association remains elusive. We show that in vivo MDM4 reduces intraperitoneal dissemination of EOC cells, independently of p53 and an immune-competent background. By 2D and 3D assays, MDM4 impairs the early steps of the metastatic process. A 3D-bioprinting system, ad hoc developed by co-culturing EOC spheroids and endothelial cells, showed reduced dissemination and intravasation into vessel-like structures of MDM4-expressing cells. Consistent with these data, high MDM4 levels protect mice from ovarian cancer-related death and, importantly, correlate with increased 15 y OS probability in large data set analysis of 1656 patients. Proteomic analysis of EOC 3D-spheroids revealed decreased protein synthesis and mTOR signaling, upon MDM4 expression. Accordingly, MDM4 does not further inhibit cell migration when its activity towards mTOR is blocked by genetic or pharmacological approaches. Importantly, high levels of MDM4 reduced the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in constraining cell migration. Overall, these data demonstrate that MDM4 impairs EOC metastatic process by inhibiting mTOR activity and suggest the usefulness of MDM4 assessment for the tailored application of mTOR-targeted therapy.
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17
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Timmerman DM, Remmers TL, Hillenius S, Looijenga LHJ. Mechanisms of TP53 Pathway Inactivation in Embryonic and Somatic Cells-Relevance for Understanding (Germ Cell) Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105377. [PMID: 34065345 PMCID: PMC8161298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The P53 pathway is the most important cellular pathway to maintain genomic and cellular integrity, both in embryonic and non-embryonic cells. Stress signals induce its activation, initiating autophagy or cell cycle arrest to enable DNA repair. The persistence of these signals causes either senescence or apoptosis. Over 50% of all solid tumors harbor mutations in TP53 that inactivate the pathway. The remaining cancers are suggested to harbor mutations in genes that regulate the P53 pathway such as its inhibitors Mouse Double Minute 2 and 4 (MDM2 and MDM4, respectively). Many reviews have already been dedicated to P53, MDM2, and MDM4, while this review additionally focuses on the other factors that can deregulate P53 signaling. We discuss that P14ARF (ARF) functions as a negative regulator of MDM2, explaining the frequent loss of ARF detected in cancers. The long non-coding RNA Antisense Non-coding RNA in the INK4 Locus (ANRIL) is encoded on the same locus as ARF, inhibiting ARF expression, thus contributing to the process of tumorigenesis. Mutations in tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins deregulate P53 signaling through their ubiquitin ligase activity. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) inactivate the P53 pathway through inhibition of translation. CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) maintains an open chromatin structure at the TP53 locus, explaining its inactivation of CTCF during tumorigenesis. P21, a downstream effector of P53, has been found to be deregulated in different tumor types. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these factors that are known to deregulate the P53 pathway in both somatic and embryonic cells, as well as their malignant counterparts (i.e., somatic and germ cell tumors). It provides insights into which aspects still need to be unraveled to grasp their contribution to tumorigenesis, putatively leading to novel targets for effective cancer therapies.
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18
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Yu D, Xu Z, Cheng X, Qin J. The role of miRNAs in MDMX-p53 interplay. J Evid Based Med 2021; 14:152-160. [PMID: 33988919 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs of 19-24 nucleotides in length and are tightly related to tumorigenesis and progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that the tumor suppressor p53 and its negative controller MDMX are regulated by miRNAs in different ways. Some miRNAs directly target p53 and regulate its expression and function, whereas some miRNAs target MDMX and regulate p53's activity indirectly. The overexpression of several miRNAs can restore the activity of p53 by negatively regulating MDMX in cancer cells. Therefore, a better understanding of the miRNAs-MDMX-p53 network will put forward potential research directions for developing anticancer therapeutics. In the present review, we mainly focus on the regulatory effects of miRNAs on the MDMX-p53 interplay as well as the role of the miRNAs-MDMX-p53 network in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xu
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangjiang Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers of Tumor Progression and Metastatic Spread in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081839. [PMID: 33921525 PMCID: PMC8069230 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite advances in cancer research in recent years, efficient predictive biomarkers of tumor progression and metastatic spread for ovarian cancer are still missing. Therefore, we critically address recent findings in the field of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) and DNA methylation in ovarian cancer patients as promising novel biomarkers of ovarian cancer progression. Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of death among gynecological malignancies. Molecular changes occurring in the primary tumor lead to metastatic spread into the peritoneum and the formation of distant metastases. Identification of these changes helps to reveal the nature of metastases development and decipher early biomarkers of prognosis and disease progression. Comparing differences in gene expression profiles between primary tumors and metastases, together with disclosing their epigenetic regulation, provides interesting associations with progression and metastasizing. Regulatory elements from the non-coding RNA families such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs seem to participate in these processes and represent potential molecular biomarkers of patient prognosis. Progress in therapy individualization and its proper targeting also rely upon a better understanding of interactions among the above-listed factors. This review aims to summarize currently available findings of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs linked with tumor progression and metastatic process in ovarian cancer. These biomolecules provide promising tools for monitoring the patient’s response to treatment, and further they serve as potential therapeutic targets of this deadly disease.
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20
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Yao X, Shen H, Peng Q, Yu J. TP53/miR-129/MDM2/4/TP53 feedback loop modulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in retinoblastoma. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:603-615. [PMID: 33678118 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1892321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is commonly-seen cancer in children. The p53 pathway dysfunction, which can lead to elevated MDM2 or MDM4 (p53 antagonists) protein expression, is frequently observed in almost all human cancers, including RB. The present study attempted to investigate the underlying mechanism from the perspective of non-coding RNA regulation. Here, we demonstrated that p53 and miR-129 were positively correlated with each other in RB. miR-129 directly targeted MDM2/4 to inhibit expression, therefore counteracting MDM2/4-mediated p53 signaling suppression and modulating RB cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, p53 could activate the transcription of miR-129 via binding to the miR-129 promoter region, therefore forming a regulatory loop with MDM2/4 to affect RB progression. Altogether, the p53/miR-129/MDM2/4/p53 regulatory loop can modulate RB cell growth. We provide a solid experimental basis for developing novel therapies for RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jingsheng Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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21
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Bartnykaitė A, Savukaitytė A, Ugenskienė R, Daukšaitė M, Korobeinikova E, Gudaitienė J, Juozaitytė E. Associations of MDM2 and MDM4 Polymorphisms with Early-Stage Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040866. [PMID: 33669778 PMCID: PMC7922970 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MDM2 and MDM4 have been associated with various cancers. However, the influence on clinical characteristics of breast cancer has not been sufficiently investigated yet. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between SNPs in MDM2 (rs2279744, rs937283, rs937282) and MDM4 (rs1380576, rs4245739) and I-II stage breast cancer. For analysis, the genomic DNA was extracted from 100 unrelated women peripheral blood. Polymorphisms were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. The study showed that MDM2 rs937283 and rs937282 were significantly associated with estrogen receptor status and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. SNPs rs1380576 and rs4245739, located in MDM4, were significantly associated with status of estrogen and progesterone receptors. Our findings suggest that rs937283 AG, rs937282 CG, rs1380576 CC, and rs4245739 AA genotypes were linked to hormonal receptor positive breast cancer and may be useful genetic markers for disease assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnė Bartnykaitė
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (R.U.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +3-703-778-7317
| | - Aistė Savukaitytė
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (R.U.); (M.D.)
| | - Rasa Ugenskienė
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (R.U.); (M.D.)
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Daukšaitė
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Oncology Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (R.U.); (M.D.)
| | - Erika Korobeinikova
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.K.); (J.G.); (E.J.)
| | - Jurgita Gudaitienė
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.K.); (J.G.); (E.J.)
| | - Elona Juozaitytė
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.K.); (J.G.); (E.J.)
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22
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Gautron A, Migault M, Bachelot L, Corre S, Galibert MD, Gilot D. Human TYRP1: Two functions for a single gene? Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2021; 34:836-852. [PMID: 33305505 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the animal kingdom, skin pigmentation is highly variable between species, and it contributes to phenotypes. In humans, skin pigmentation plays a part in sun protection. Skin pigmentation depends on the ratio of the two pigments pheomelanin and eumelanin, both synthesized by a specialized cell population, the melanocytes. In this review, we explore one important factor in pigmentation: the tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1) gene which is involved in eumelanin synthesis via the TYRP1 protein. Counterintuitively, high TYRP1 mRNA expression is associated with a poor clinical outcome for patients with metastatic melanomas. Recently, we were able to explain this unexpected TYRP1 function by demonstrating that TYRP1 mRNA sequesters microRNA-16, a tumor suppressor miRNA. Here, we focus on actors influencing TYRP1 mRNA abundance, particularly transcription factors, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and miRNAs, as they all dictate the indirect oncogenic activity of TYRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Gautron
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Mélodie Migault
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Laura Bachelot
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sébastien Corre
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Dominique Galibert
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France.,CHU Rennes, Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - David Gilot
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, F-35000, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France.,INSERM U1242, Centre Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
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23
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Jamshidi M, Farnoosh G, Mohammadi Pour S, Rafiee F, Saeedi Boroujeni A, Mahmoudian-Sani MR. Genetic variants and risk of thyroid cancer among Iranian patients. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 42:223-234. [PMID: 33544997 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The definition of an exclusive panel of genetic markers is of high importance to initially detect among this review population. Therefore, we gave a summary of each main genetic marker among Iranian patients with thyroid cancer for the first time which were classified based on their cellular function. Due to the results, a significant relationship was found between SNP in codons 194, 280, and 399 (XRCC1), Allele 3434Thr (XRCC7), GC or CC genotype 31, G/C (Survivin), 399G>A (XRCC1), Tru9I (vitamin D receptor), G-D haplotype (MDM2), TT genotype, -656 G/T (IL-18), TAGTT haplotype (IL-18), G allele in +49 A>G (CTLA-4), +7146 G/A (PD-1.3), +7785 C/T (PD-1.5), rs1143770 (let7a-2), rs4938723 (pri-mir-34b/c) genes, and thyroid cancers. Moreover, SNP in 677C-->T (MTHFR), GG genotype Asp1312Gly (thyroglobulin), 2259C>T (Rad52), R188H, (XRCC2), T241M (XRCC3) had higher risks of thyroid cancer and lower risks were observed in -16 Ins-Pro (p53), rs3742330 (DICER1). At last, the protective effects were explored in 127 CC genotype (IL-18), rs6877842 (DROSHA). Conduct further studies on the types of DNA repair gene polymorphisms with a larger number in the thyroid cancer using modern methods such as SNP array so that these genes could be used as a biomarker in prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of thyroid cancer. This review presents for the first time a summary of important genetic markers in Iranian patients with thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jamshidi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Farnoosh
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rafiee
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Saeedi Boroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,ImmunologyToday, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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24
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Adam-Artigues A, Garrido-Cano I, Simón S, Ortega B, Moragón S, Lameirinhas A, Constâncio V, Salta S, Burgués O, Bermejo B, Henrique R, Lluch A, Jerónimo C, Eroles P, Cejalvo JM. Circulating miR-30b-5p levels in plasma as a novel potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100039. [PMID: 33477007 PMCID: PMC7820029 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, microRNAs have been demonstrated to be potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis assessment or prediction of response to treatment in cancer. In this study, we evaluate the potential of miR-30b-5p as a biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) in tissue and plasma. METHODS Expression of miR-30b-5p was determined in a series of 112 BC and 40 normal breast tissues. Circulating miR-30b-5p levels in plasma samples were determined in a discovery cohort of 38 BC patients and 40 healthy donors and in a validation cohort of 83 BC patients and 83 healthy volunteers. miR-30b-5p expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was carried out. RESULTS The miR-30b-5p expression was significantly lower in BC tissue than in healthy breast samples. In contrast, circulating miR-30b-5p levels were significantly higher in BC patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, circulating miR-30b-5p levels were significantly higher in patients with positive axillary lymph node and de novo metastatic patients. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated a good diagnostic potential of miR-30b-5p to detect BC even at an early stage of the disease. CONCLUSION Thus, we highlight the potential of miR-30b-5p as a non-invasive, fast, reproducible and cost-effective diagnostic biomarker of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S Simón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - B Ortega
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Moragón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Lameirinhas
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Constâncio
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - S Salta
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - O Burgués
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bermejo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - A Lluch
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - P Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, València, Spain.
| | - J M Cejalvo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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Kang N, Ou Y, Wang G, Chen J, Li D, Zhan Q. miR-875-5p exerts tumor-promoting function via down-regulation of CAPZA1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10020. [PMID: 33505778 PMCID: PMC7792515 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Currently, efficient genetic markers for diagnosis and treatment of ESCC are lacking. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are global genetic regulators that control cancer gene expression by binding to the 3'untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of targeting mRNAs. In addition, miRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in the progression of tumors. In the current study, we found that hsa-miR-875-5p (miR-875-5p) exhibited amplification in ESCC according to the TCGA database. Then, xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA)-MP system and colony formation assays were employed to detect cell proliferationand colony formationability. The results showed that miR-875-5p promoted the proliferation ESCC cells. Subsequently, transwell results indicated that miR-875-5p promoted the invasion and migration of ESCC cells. Furthermore, we showed that miR-875-5p was able to bind to CAPZA13'UTR, which contains the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs373245753, as reported in our previous study involving WGS and WES on ESCC. Subsequently, mRNA affinity pull-down assays verifiedthat the SNP disrupts miR-875-5p binding to CAPZA1. The current study is the first demonstration that miR-875-5p may function as an oncogene via down-regulation of CAPZA1 expression in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunwei Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Abstract
The mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation-histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA-use metabolites as enzymatic cofactors and substrates in reactions that allow chromatin formation, nucleotide biogenesis, transcription, RNA processing, and translation. Gene expression responds to demands from cellular processes that use specific metabolites and alters or maintains cellular metabolic status. However, the roles of metabolites-particularly nucleotides-as regulatory molecules in epigenetic regulation and biological processes remain largely unknown. Here we review the crosstalk between gene expression, nucleotide metabolism, and cellular processes, and explore the role of metabolism in epigenetics as a critical regulator of biological events.
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Zhao DM, Diao YE, Xu Q. Association of MDM4 Gene rs4245739 Polymorphism with the Risk and Clinical Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer in a Chinese Han Population. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2020; 13:673-678. [PMID: 33273845 PMCID: PMC7705952 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s260209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Studies show that MDM4 may play a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, a host of studies suggest that MDM4 gene rs4245739 polymorphism may modify the risk of different cancers. Methods In this study, we were interested whether MDM4 gene rs4245739 polymorphism correlated with the risk and clinical characteristics of CRC. Logistic regression was adopted to estimate the association of rs4245739 polymorphism and CRC risk. Results We enrolled 444 CRC patients and 530 controls and found MDM4 gene rs4245739 polymorphism may decrease the risk of CRC. Stratified analyses uncovered that this variant was connected to a less risk of CRC in females, non-drinkers, non-smokers, and people under 60 years old. Additionally, rs4245739 polymorphism was related to TNM staging, pathological type, tumor size, and location of CRC. Furthermore, this polymorphism was significantly linked with the survival of CRC. Conclusion Totally, this study suggests that MDM4 rs4245739 polymorphism is linked with the risk and clinical characteristics of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Ming Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-E Diao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Tsitsipatis D, Gorospe M. Practical guide for circular RNA analysis: Steps, tips, and resources. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 12:e1633. [PMID: 33112505 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in RNA sequencing and analysis have allowed an increasingly thorough investigation of a previously unexplored class of transcripts, circular (circ)RNAs. Accumulating evidence suggests that circRNAs have unique functions which often rely on their association with microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins. Through these interactions, circRNAs have been implicated in major cellular processes and hence in the pathophysiology of a range of diseases. Here, we provide guidelines to consider when developing studies on circRNAs, including detecting and selecting the circRNAs, identifying their binding partners and sites of interaction, modulating circRNA levels, assessing copy numbers and stoichiometry, and addressing other points unique to circRNA analysis. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsitsipatis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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29
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Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) of Japanese Flounder-Its Regulation by miRNA and Role in Autophagy, Apoptosis and Pathogen Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207725. [PMID: 33086544 PMCID: PMC7589652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with important roles in diverse biological processes including immunity. Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is an aquaculture fish species susceptible to the infection of bacterial and viral pathogens including Edwardsiella tarda. In a previous study, pol-miR-novel_547, a novel miRNA of flounder with unknown function, was found to be induced by E. tarda. In the present study, we investigated the regulation and function of pol-miR-novel_547 and its target gene. We found that pol-miR-novel_547 was regulated differently by E. tarda and the viral pathogen megalocytivirus, and pol-miR-novel_547 repressed the expression of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) of flounder (PoPTEN). PoPTEN is ubiquitously expressed in multiple tissues of flounder and responded to bacterial and viral infections. Interference with PoPTEN expression in flounder cells directly or via pol-miR-novel_547 promoted E. tarda invasion. Consistently, in vivo knockdown of PoPTEN enhanced E. tarda dissemination in flounder tissues, whereas in vivo overexpression of PoPTEN attenuated E. tarda dissemination but facilitated megalocytivirus replication. Further in vitro and in vivo studies showed that PoPTEN affected autophagy activation via the AKT/mTOR pathway and also modulated the process of apoptosis. Together these results reveal for the first time a critical role of fish PTEN and its regulatory miRNA in pathogen infection, autophagy, and apoptosis.
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Correlation between P53 Arg72Pro and MDM4 gene rs4245739 polymorphisms in breast cancer. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Critical Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies: Triple Negative Breast Cancer Quae Exempli Causa. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165835. [PMID: 32823908 PMCID: PMC7461549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are useful in assessing and analyzing either differences or variations in DNA sequences across the human genome to detect genetic risk factors of diseases prevalent within a target population under study. The ultimate goal of GWAS is to predict either disease risk or disease progression by identifying genetic risk factors. These risk factors will define the biological basis of disease susceptibility for the purposes of developing innovative, preventative, and therapeutic strategies. As single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are often used in GWAS, their relevance for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) will be assessed in this review. Furthermore, as there are different levels and patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) present within different human subpopulations, a plausible strategy to evaluate known SNPs associated with incidence of breast cancer in ethnically different patient cohorts will be presented and discussed. Additionally, a description of GWAS for TNBC will be presented, involving various identified SNPs correlated with miRNA sites to determine their efficacies on either prognosis or progression of TNBC in patients. Although GWAS have identified multiple common breast cancer susceptibility variants that individually would result in minor risks, it is their combined effects that would likely result in major risks. Thus, one approach to quantify synergistic effects of such common variants is to utilize polygenic risk scores. Therefore, studies utilizing predictive risk scores (PRSs) based on known breast cancer susceptibility SNPs will be evaluated. Such PRSs are potentially useful in improving stratification for screening, particularly when combining family history, other risk factors, and risk prediction models. In conclusion, although interpretation of the results from GWAS remains a challenge, the use of SNPs associated with TNBC may elucidate and better contextualize these studies.
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Rzeszutek I, Singh A. Small RNAs, Big Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5699. [PMID: 32784829 PMCID: PMC7460979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The past two decades have seen extensive research done to pinpoint the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) that have led to discovering thousands of miRNAs in humans. It is not, therefore, surprising to see many of them implicated in a number of common as well as rare human diseases. In this review article, we summarize the progress in our understanding of miRNA-related research in conjunction with different types of cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their potential in generating more reliable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rzeszutek
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aditi Singh
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Bahreini F, Rayzan E, Rezaei N. microRNA-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms and breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1593-1605. [PMID: 32716070 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, as the most common cancer in women which affects patients both mentally and physically, requires great attention in many areas and many levels as this cancer is known to be multifactorial. Single-stranded molecules called microRNAs with near 22 nucleotides are seen to act in central dogma of molecular biology by inhibiting the translation process; it is demonstrated that any alteration in their sequence especially single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may lead into increasing the breast cancer risk. miR-SNPs are considered to be the potential biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. As a result, this review documents the well-known miR-SNPs that are known to be associated with breast cancer. In this regard, two principals were discussed: (a) SNPs in the target genes of microRNAs and the alteration in gene expression due to this phenomenon; (b) changes based on the SNPs in the microRNA coding region and the impact on their interaction with target messenger RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Rayzan
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
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Association of KLK3, VAMP8 and MDM4 Genetic Variants within microRNA Binding Sites with Prostate Cancer: Evidence from Serbian Population. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2409-2423. [PMID: 32556890 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have suggested that genetic variants affecting the micro-RNA- binding mechanisms (miRSNPs) constitute a promising novel class of biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) biology. Among the most extensively studied miRSNPs in the context of cancer is the variation rs4245739 in the MDM4 gene, while a recent large-scale analysis revealed significant differences in genotype distributions between aggressive and non-aggressive disease for rs1058205 in KLK3 and rs1010 in VAMP8. In this study, we examined a total of 1083 subjects for these three variants using Taqman® SNP Genotyping Assays. Three hundred and fifty-five samples of peripheral blood were obtained from patients with PCa and 358 samples from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The control group consisted of 370 healthy volunteers. Comparisons of genotype distributions among PCa and BPH patients, as well as between PCa patients and healthy controls, yielded no evidence of association between the analyzed genetic variants and the risk of developing PCa. However, all three tested genetic variants have shown the association with the parameters of PCa progression. For KLK3 variant rs1058205, minor allele C was found to associate with the lower serum PSA score in PCa patients (PSA > 20 ng/ml vs. PSA < 10 ng/ml comparison, Prec = 0.038; ORrec = 0.20, 95%CI 0.04-1.05). The obtained results point out the potential relevance of the tested genetic variants for the disease aggressiveness assessment.
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Li J, Zhao Y, Choi J, Ting KK, Coleman P, Chen J, Cogger VC, Wan L, Shi Z, Moller T, Zheng X, Vadas MA, Gamble JR. Targeting miR-27a/VE-cadherin interactions rescues cerebral cavernous malformations in mice. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000734. [PMID: 32502201 PMCID: PMC7299406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular lesions predominantly developing in the central nervous system (CNS), with no effective treatments other than surgery. Loss-of-function mutation in CCM1/krev interaction trapped 1 (KRIT1), CCM2, or CCM3/programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10) causes lesions that are characterized by abnormal vascular integrity. Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), a major regulator of endothelial cell (EC) junctional integrity is strongly disorganized in ECs lining the CCM lesions. We report here that microRNA-27a (miR-27a), a negative regulator of VE-cadherin, is elevated in ECs isolated from mouse brains developing early CCM lesions and in cultured ECs with CCM1 or CCM2 depletion. Furthermore, we show miR-27a acts downstream of kruppel-like factor (KLF)2 and KLF4, two known key transcription factors involved in CCM lesion development. Using CD5-2 (a target site blocker [TSB]) to prevent the miR-27a/VE-cadherin mRNA interaction, we present a potential therapy to increase VE-cadherin expression and thus rescue the abnormal vascular integrity. In CCM1- or CCM2-depleted ECs, CD5-2 reduces monolayer permeability, and in Ccm1 heterozygous mice, it restores dermal vessel barrier function. In a neonatal mouse model of CCM disease, CD5-2 normalizes vasculature and reduces vascular leakage in the lesions, inhibits the development of large lesions, and significantly reduces the size of established lesions in the hindbrain. Furthermore, CD5-2 limits the accumulation of inflammatory cells in the lesion area. Our work has established that VE-cadherin is a potential therapeutic target for normalization of the vasculature and highlights that targeting miR-27a/VE-cadherin interaction by CD5-2 is a potential novel therapy for the devastating disease, CCM. Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a disease for which, hitherto, surgery has been the only option. This study shows that a potential therapeutic, CD5-2, inhibits lesion development and vascular leak in the brains of CCM neonatal mice by targeting the endothelial cell–specific adhesion molecule VE-cadherin and restoring the vascular integrity of CCM lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jaesung Choi
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Signaling, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ka Ka Ting
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Coleman
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victoria C. Cogger
- Aging and Alzheimers Institute and ANZAC Research Institute and Concord Hospital, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Li Wan
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zhongsong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiangjian Zheng
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Signaling, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mathew A. Vadas
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer R. Gamble
- Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Toufektchan E, Lejour V, Durand R, Giri N, Draskovic I, Bardot B, Laplante P, Jaber S, Alter BP, Londono-Vallejo JA, Savage SA, Toledo F. Germline mutation of MDM4, a major p53 regulator, in a familial syndrome of defective telomere maintenance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay3511. [PMID: 32300648 PMCID: PMC7148086 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita is a cancer-prone inherited bone marrow failure syndrome caused by telomere dysfunction. A mouse model recently suggested that p53 regulates telomere metabolism, but the clinical relevance of this finding remained uncertain. Here, a germline missense mutation of MDM4, a negative regulator of p53, was found in a family with features suggestive of dyskeratosis congenita, e.g., bone marrow hypocellularity, short telomeres, tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and acute myeloid leukemia. Using a mouse model, we show that this mutation (p.T454M) leads to increased p53 activity, decreased telomere length, and bone marrow failure. Variations in p53 activity markedly altered the phenotype of Mdm4 mutant mice, suggesting an explanation for the variable expressivity of disease symptoms in the family. Our data indicate that a germline activation of the p53 pathway may cause telomere dysfunction and point to polymorphisms affecting this pathway as potential genetic modifiers of telomere biology and bone marrow function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonore Toufektchan
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Lejour
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Romane Durand
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Neelam Giri
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Irena Draskovic
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Telomeres and Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Boris Bardot
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laplante
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Sara Jaber
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Blanche P. Alter
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - José-Arturo Londono-Vallejo
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Telomeres and Cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Franck Toledo
- Genetics of Tumor Suppression, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3244, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
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37
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Chakraborty N, Gautam A, Holmes-Hampton GP, Kumar VP, Biswas S, Kumar R, Hamad D, Dimitrov G, Olabisi AO, Hammamieh R, Ghosh SP. microRNA and Metabolite Signatures Linked to Early Consequences of Lethal Radiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5424. [PMID: 32214144 PMCID: PMC7096415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62255-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lethal total body irradiation (TBI) triggers multifactorial health issues in a potentially short time frame. Hence, early signatures of TBI would be of great clinical value. Our study aimed to interrogate microRNA (miRNA) and metabolites, two biomolecules available in blood serum, in order to comprehend the immediate impacts of TBI. Mice were exposed to a lethal dose (9.75 Gy) of Cobalt-60 gamma radiation and euthanized at four time points, namely, days 1, 3, 7 and 9 post-TBI. Serum miRNA libraries were sequenced using the Illumina small RNA sequencing protocol, and metabolites were screened using a mass spectrometer. The degree of early impacts of irradiation was underscored by the large number of miRNAs and metabolites that became significantly expressed during the Early phase (day 0 and 1 post-TBI). Radiation-induced inflammatory markers for bone marrow aplasia and pro-sepsis markers showed early elevation with longitudinal increment. Functional analysis integrating miRNA-protein-metabolites revealed inflammation as the overarching host response to lethal TBI. Early activation of the network linked to the synthesis of reactive oxygen species was associated with the escalated regulation of the fatty acid metabolism network. In conclusion, we assembled a list of time-informed critical markers and mechanisms of significant translational potential in the context of a radiation exposure event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- The Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Gregory P Holmes-Hampton
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Vidya P Kumar
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Shukla Biswas
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Raina Kumar
- The Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Dana Hamad
- ORISE, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - George Dimitrov
- The Geneva Foundation, Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Ayodele O Olabisi
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Sanchita P Ghosh
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
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38
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Jacinta-Fernandes A, Xavier JM, Magno R, Lage JG, Maia AT. Allele-specific miRNA-binding analysis identifies candidate target genes for breast cancer risk. NPJ Genom Med 2020; 5:4. [PMID: 32128252 PMCID: PMC7018948 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-019-0112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most breast cancer (BC) risk-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (raSNPs) identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are believed to cis-regulate the expression of genes. We hypothesise that cis-regulatory variants contributing to disease risk may be affecting microRNA (miRNA) genes and/or miRNA binding. To test this, we adapted two miRNA-binding prediction algorithms-TargetScan and miRanda-to perform allele-specific queries, and integrated differential allelic expression (DAE) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data, to query 150 genome-wide significant ( P ≤ 5 × 10 - 8 ) raSNPs, plus proxies. We found that no raSNP mapped to a miRNA gene, suggesting that altered miRNA targeting is an unlikely mechanism involved in BC risk. Also, 11.5% (6 out of 52) raSNPs located in 3'-untranslated regions of putative miRNA target genes were predicted to alter miRNA::mRNA (messenger RNA) pair binding stability in five candidate target genes. Of these, we propose RNF115, at locus 1q21.1, as a strong novel target gene associated with BC risk, and reinforce the role of miRNA-mediated cis-regulation at locus 19p13.11. We believe that integrating allele-specific querying in miRNA-binding prediction, and data supporting cis-regulation of expression, improves the identification of candidate target genes in BC risk, as well as in other common cancers and complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jacinta-Fernandes
- 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (DCBM), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,2Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,3Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal
| | - Joana M Xavier
- 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (DCBM), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,2Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,3Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal
| | - Ramiro Magno
- 2Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,3Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal
| | - Joel G Lage
- 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (DCBM), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,2Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,3Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal
| | - Ana-Teresa Maia
- 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (DCBM), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,2Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal.,3Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal
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39
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Estrogens Counteract Platinum-Chemosensitivity by Modifying the Subcellular Localization of MDM4. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091349. [PMID: 31547268 PMCID: PMC6770881 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen activity towards cancer-related pathways can impact therapeutic intervention. Recent omics data suggest possible crosstalk between estrogens/gender and MDM4, a key regulator of p53. Since MDM4 can either promote cell transformation or enhance DNA damage-sensitivity, we analysed in vivo impact of estrogens on both MDM4 activities. In Mdm4 transgenic mouse, Mdm4 accelerates the formation of fibrosarcoma and increases tumor sensitivity to cisplatin as well, thus confirming in vivo Mdm4 dual mode of action. Noteworthy, Mdm4 enhances chemo- and radio-sensitivity in male but not in female animals, whereas its tumor-promoting activity is not affected by mouse gender. Combination therapy of transgenic females with cisplatin and fulvestrant, a selective estrogen receptor degrader, was able to recover tumor cisplatin-sensitivity, demonstrating the relevance of estrogens in the observed sexual dimorphism. Molecularly, estrogen receptor-α alters intracellular localization of MDM4 by increasing its nuclear fraction correlated to decreased cell death, in a p53-independent manner. Importantly, MDM4 nuclear localization and intra-tumor estrogen availability correlate with decreased platinum-sensitivity and apoptosis and predicts poor disease-free survival in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. These data demonstrate estrogen ability to modulate chemo-sensitivity of MDM4-expressing tumors and to impinge on intracellular trafficking. They support potential usefulness of combination therapy involving anti-estrogenic drugs.
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40
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Zhang K, Meng Y, Cao X, Xu Y, Du M, Wu Y, Liu L. Genetic variants in p53 signaling pathway genes predict chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3428-3436. [PMID: 31090204 PMCID: PMC6601596 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The murine double minute‐2 gene (MDM2) was originally identified as predicting chemotherapy efficacy. However, little is known regarding the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the p53 signaling pathway and prognosis/chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Methods We analyzed the association between 111 SNPs in 22 p53 signaling pathway genes and both progression‐free survival (PFS) and disease control rate (DCR) using Cox regression and logistics regression analysis. The false discovery rate method was used for correction of multiple testing. Secondary structure was predicted by RNAfold. Expression qualitative trait locus analysis and mRNA expression differences were assessed using the GTEx and TCGA databases. Results We found that the rs747828 C allele of TP73 was significantly associated with reduced PFS (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.27‐2.12, P = 2.00 × 10−4) in the additive model. In the stratified analysis, the rs747828 C allele was significantly associated with both reduced PFS (P = 1.40 × 10−3) and DCR (P = 1.82 × 10−2) in oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy. The secondary structure of TP73 was altered in response to different rs747828 genotypes. Although the rs747828 C allele was not associated with messenger RNA (mRNA) TP73 expression, it was significantly associated with increased mRNA TP73‐AS1 expression levels in sigmoid tissues. TP73 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (P = 2.36 × 10−19). Conclusion Our findings indicate that functional genetic variants of TP73 mediate the response to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mulong Du
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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41
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Bauer M, Kantelhardt EJ, Stiewe T, Nist A, Mernberger M, Politt K, Hanf V, Lantzsch T, Uleer C, Peschel S, John J, Buchmann J, Weigert E, Bürrig KF, Wickenhauser C, Thomssen C, Bartel F, Vetter M. Specific allelic variants of SNPs in the MDM2 and MDMX genes are associated with earlier tumor onset and progression in Caucasian breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1975-1992. [PMID: 30956778 PMCID: PMC6443004 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic factors play a substantial role in breast cancer etiology. Genes encoding proteins that have key functions in the DNA damage response, such as p53 and its inhibitors MDM2 and MDMX, are most likely candidates to harbor allelic variants that influence breast cancer susceptibility. The aim of our study was to comprehensively analyze the impact of SNPs in the TP53, MDM2, and MDMX genes in conjunction with TP53 mutational status regarding the onset and progression of breast cancer. Methods In specimen from 815 breast cancer patients, five SNPs within the selected genes were analyzed: TP53 – Arg72Pro (rs1042522), MDM2 – SNP285 (rs2279744), SNP309 (rs117039649); MDMX – SNP31826 (rs1563828), and SNP34091 (rs4245739). Classification of the tumors was evaluated by histomorphology. Subtyping according hormone receptor status, HER2-status and proliferation rate enabled provision of the clinico-pathological surrogate of intrinsic subtypes. Results The homozygous C-allele of MDM2 SNP285 was significantly associated with a younger age-at-diagnosis of 44.2 years, in contrast to G/G- and G/C-patients (62.4, 62.7 yrs., respectively; p = 0.0007; log-Rank-test). In contrast, there was no difference regarding the age-at-diagnosis for patients with the respective genotypes of MDM2 SNP309 (p = 0.799; log-Rank-test). In patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and TP53-mutated tumors, however, the T/T-genotype of the MDM2 SNP309 was significantly associated with an earlier average age-at-diagnosis compared with T/G+G/G-patients (53.5 vs. 68.2 yrs; p = 0.002; log-Rank-test). In the triple-negative subgroup, the G/G-patients had an average age-at-diagnosis of 51 years compared with 63 years for SNP309T carriers (p = 0.004; log-Rank-test) indicating a susceptibility of the G/G genotype for the development of triple negative breast cancer. Patients with the A/A-genotype of MDMX SNP31826 with ER-negative tumors were diagnosed 11 years earlier compared with patients and ER-positive tumors (53.2 vs. 64.4 yrs; p = 0.025, log-Rank-test). Furthermore, in luminal B-like patients (HER2-independent) the C/C-genotype of MDMX SNP34091 was significantly correlated with a decreased event-free survival compared with the A/A-genotype (p < 0.001; log-Rank-test). Conclusions We showed that SNPs in the MDM2 and MDMX genes affect at least in part the onset and progression of breast cancer dependent on the ER-status. Our findings provide further evidence for the distinct etiological pathways in ER-negative and ER-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bauer
- Institute of Pathology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Eva Johanna Kantelhardt
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany.,Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany.,Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Politt
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Volker Hanf
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Tilmann Lantzsch
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital St. Elisabeth and St. Barbara, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Susanne Peschel
- Department of Gynaecology, St. Bernward Hospital, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Jutta John
- Department of Gynaecology, Helios Hospital Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Jörg Buchmann
- Institute of Pathology, Hospital Martha-Maria, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edith Weigert
- Institute of Pathology, Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph Thomssen
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank Bartel
- Institute of Pathology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martina Vetter
- Department of Gynaecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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42
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Haupt S, Mejía-Hernández JO, Vijayakumaran R, Keam SP, Haupt Y. The long and the short of it: the MDM4 tail so far. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 11:231-244. [PMID: 30689920 PMCID: PMC6478121 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) is emerging from the shadow of its more famous relative MDM2 and is starting to steal the limelight, largely due to its therapeutic possibilities. MDM4 is a vital regulator of the tumor suppressor p53. It restricts p53 transcriptional activity and also, at least in development, facilitates MDM2's E3 ligase activity toward p53. These functions of MDM4 are critical for normal cell function and a proper response to stress. Their importance for proper cell maintenance and proliferation identifies them as a risk for deregulation associated with the uncontrolled growth of cancer. MDM4 tails are vital for its function, where its N-terminus transactivation domain engages p53 and its C-terminus RING domain binds to MDM2. In this review, we highlight recently identified cellular functions of MDM4 and survey emerging therapies directed to correcting its dysregulation in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Haupt
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Reshma Vijayakumaran
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon P Keam
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Tumor Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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43
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Lefever S, Rihani A, Van der Meulen J, Pattyn F, Van Maerken T, Van Dorpe J, Hellemans J, Vandesompele J. Cost-effective and robust genotyping using double-mismatch allele-specific quantitative PCR. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2150. [PMID: 30770838 PMCID: PMC6377641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
For a wide range of diseases, SNPs in the genome are the underlying mechanism of dysfunction. Therefore, targeted detection of these variations is of high importance for early diagnosis and (familial) screenings. While allele-specific PCR has been around for many years, its adoption for SNP genotyping or somatic mutation detection has been hampered by its low discriminating power and high costs. To tackle this, we developed a cost-effective qPCR based method, able to detect SNPs in a robust and specific manner. This study describes how to combine the basic principles of allele-specific PCR (the combination of a wild type and variant primer) with the straightforward readout of DNA-binding dye based qPCR technology. To enhance the robustness and discriminating power, an artificial mismatch in the allele-specific primer was introduced. The resulting method, called double-mismatch allele-specific qPCR (DMAS-qPCR), was successfully validated using 12 SNPs and 15 clinically relevant somatic mutations on 48 cancer cell lines. It is easy to use, does not require labeled probes and is characterized by high analytical sensitivity and specificity. DMAS-qPCR comes with a complimentary online assay design tool, available for the whole scientific community, enabling researchers to design custom assays and implement those as a diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Lefever
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. .,Bioinformatics Institute Ghent (BIG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
| | - Ali Rihani
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
| | | | - Filip Pattyn
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Ontoforce, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | | | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Biogazelle, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Bioinformatics Institute Ghent (BIG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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44
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Yuan Y, Weidhaas JB. Functional microRNA binding site variants. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:4-8. [PMID: 30536617 PMCID: PMC6322190 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline single nucleotide polymorphisms are one of the most common genetic variations. Polymorphisms that cause nonsynonymous mutations in gene coding regions are known to cause serious deleterious downstream effects. However, even polymorphisms in noncoding regions can have profound functional consequences by disrupting essential regulatory sites. Specifically, polymorphisms that alter microRNA binding sites can disrupt the regulation of hallmark biological pathways implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Many of these microRNA-associated polymorphisms (miR-SNPs) have recently been shown to be important biomarkers of cancer risk, prognosis, and treatment outcomes. This review will summarize the functional impact of key miR-SNPs and define a subset of miR-SNPs that may be clinically useful prognostic or predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Department of Radiation OncologyUCLALos AngelesCAUSA
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45
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Zhu Y, Zhang M, Wang F, Lu J, Chen R, Xie Q, Sun J, Xue J, Hao C, Lin S. The calcineurin regulatory subunit polymorphism and the treatment efficacy of tacrolimus for idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 65:422-428. [PMID: 30388516 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus is considered to be one of the main therapeutic options for idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). This study aimed to investigate the association of variants in genes encoding the binding protein and the drug target (calcineurin) of tacrolimus with the efficacy in IMN patients and the potential mechanism. Sixty-seven IMN patients treated with tacrolimus were enrolled retrospectively. Sanger sequencing was performed to search for variants in all exons of the genes in 8 IMN patients and genotype for the detected variants in the other 59 patients. The molecular mechanism underlying the relationship between the variants and the efficacy was explored in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and other cell lines. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs875 (T > C) in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of PPP3R1 encoding calcineurin regulatory subunit was found to be associated with the treatment efficacy of tacrolimus for IMN. Patients carrying TT genotype had a significantly higher remission rate than those carrying TC/CC genotype (83% vs. 47%, P = 0.008). Western blot showed that the TT genotype carriers exhibited reduced PPP3R1 protein levels in PBMCs (P = 0.02). Compared with C allele, T allele displayed increased binding affinity for miR-582-5p in the luciferase reporter assay (P < 0.001). Moreover, knockdown of PPP3R1 in Jurkat T cell line enhanced the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus. Our study revealed the association of PPP3R1 3'UTR polymorphism rs875 with the efficacy of tacrolimus in IMN patients. The functional polymorphism might alter PPP3R1 expression via modulating the interaction of miR-582-5p with PPP3R1, which further affected the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianda Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qionghong Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chuanming Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanyan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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46
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Meyer SE, Muench DE, Rogers AM, Newkold TJ, Orr E, O'Brien E, Perentesis JP, Doench JG, Lal A, Morris PJ, Thomas CJ, Lieberman J, McGlinn E, Aronow BJ, Salomonis N, Grimes HL. miR-196b target screen reveals mechanisms maintaining leukemia stemness with therapeutic potential. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2115-2136. [PMID: 29997117 PMCID: PMC6080909 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown that antagomiR inhibition of miRNA miR-21 and miR-196b activity is sufficient to ablate MLL-AF9 leukemia stem cells (LSC) in vivo. Here, we used an shRNA screening approach to mimic miRNA activity on experimentally verified miR-196b targets to identify functionally important and therapeutically relevant pathways downstream of oncogenic miRNA in MLL-r AML. We found Cdkn1b (p27Kip1) is a direct miR-196b target whose repression enhanced an embryonic stem cell-like signature associated with decreased leukemia latency and increased numbers of leukemia stem cells in vivo. Conversely, elevation of p27Kip1 significantly reduced MLL-r leukemia self-renewal, promoted monocytic differentiation of leukemic blasts, and induced cell death. Antagonism of miR-196b activity or pharmacologic inhibition of the Cks1-Skp2-containing SCF E3-ubiquitin ligase complex increased p27Kip1 and inhibited human AML growth. This work illustrates that understanding oncogenic miRNA target pathways can identify actionable targets in leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism
- Cyclins/metabolism
- Embryonic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Oncogenes
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Meyer
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - David E Muench
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Andrew M Rogers
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Tess J Newkold
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Emily Orr
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Eric O'Brien
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - John P Perentesis
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - Ashish Lal
- Regulatory RNAs and Cancer Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Patrick J Morris
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Judy Lieberman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edwina McGlinn
- EMBL Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - H Leighton Grimes
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
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47
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MDM4 contributes to the increased risk of glioma susceptibility in Han Chinese population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11093. [PMID: 30038284 PMCID: PMC6056491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, MDM4 gene has been reported to be a susceptibility gene for glioma in Europeans, but the molecular mechanism of glioma pathogenesis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether common variants of MDM4 contribute to the risk of glioma in Han Chinese individuals. A total of 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the MDM4 gene were assessed in a dataset of 562 glioma patients (non-glioblastoma) and 1,192 cancer-free controls. The SNP rs4252707 was found to be strongly associated with the risk of non-GBM (P = 0.000101, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–1.55). Further analyses indicated that there was a significant association between A allele of rs4252707 associated with the increased non-GBM risk. Haplotype analysis also confirmed a result similar to that of the single-SNP analysis. Using stratification analyses, we found the association of rs4252707 with an increased non-GBM risk in adults (≥18 years, P = 0.0016) and individuals without IR exposure history (P = 0.0013). Our results provide strong evidence that the MDM4 gene is tightly linked to genetic susceptibility for non-GBM risk in Han Chinese population, indicating a important role for MDM4 gene in the etiology of glioma.
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48
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The Nefarious Nexus of Noncoding RNAs in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072072. [PMID: 30018188 PMCID: PMC6073630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed enormous progress, and has seen the noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) turn from the so-called dark matter RNA to critical functional molecules, influencing most physiological processes in development and disease contexts. Many ncRNAs interact with each other and are part of networks that influence the cell transcriptome and proteome and consequently the outcome of biological processes. The regulatory circuits controlled by ncRNAs have become increasingly more relevant in cancer. Further understanding of these complex network interactions and how ncRNAs are regulated, is paving the way for the identification of better therapeutic strategies in cancer.
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49
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Hypoxia-induced microRNA-191 contributes to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury through the ZONAB/Cyclin D1 axis. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:291-305. [PMID: 29769640 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in liver transplantation settings and involves severe cell death and inflammatory responses. MicroRNA-191 has recently been reported to be abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver diseases in the regulation of important cellular processes. However, little is known about its function and molecular mechanism in IRI. Here, we demonstrate that miR-191 is significantly upregulated in a cultured cell line during hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) and in liver tissue during IRI in mice. The activation of miR-191 under hypoxic conditions is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) binding to its promoter region. Global miR-191 KO mice were constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 system, and we found that miR-191 deficiency markedly reduces liver tissue damage, cell inflammatory responses and cell death in a mouse hepatic IRI model. Under the H/R condition, miR-191 overexpression promotes G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis, but inhibition of miR-191 facilitates cell cycle progression and decreases cell death. Mechanistically, upon induction by hypoxia or ischemia, miR-191 suppresses expression of ZO-1-associated Y-box factor (ZONAB) and its downstream factor Cyclin D1, consequently resulting in cell death and tissue injury. Moreover, the effects of miR-191 on cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis are abrogated by ZONAB overexpression, and vice versa. Taken together, our results indicate an important role of the HIF1α/miR-191/ZONAB signaling pathway in hepatic IRI and suggest miR-191 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of liver IRI.
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50
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Classification of heterogeneous genetic variations of microRNA regulome in cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 419:128-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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