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Ascheid D, Baumann M, Pinnecker J, Friedrich M, Szi-Marton D, Medved C, Bundalo M, Ortmann V, Öztürk A, Nandigama R, Hemmen K, Ergün S, Zernecke A, Hirth M, Heinze KG, Henke E. A vascularized breast cancer spheroid platform for the ranked evaluation of tumor microenvironment-targeted drugs by light sheet fluorescence microscopy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3599. [PMID: 38678014 PMCID: PMC11055956 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting the supportive tumor microenvironment (TME) is an approach of high interest in cancer drug development. However, assessing TME-targeted drug candidates presents a unique set of challenges. We develop a comprehensive screening platform that allows monitoring, quantifying, and ranking drug-induced effects in self-organizing, vascularized tumor spheroids (VTSs). The confrontation of four human-derived cell populations makes it possible to recreate and study complex changes in TME composition and cell-cell interaction. The platform is modular and adaptable for tumor entity or genetic manipulation. Treatment effects are recorded by light sheet fluorescence microscopy and translated by an advanced image analysis routine in processable multi-parametric datasets. The system proved to be robust, with strong interassay reliability. We demonstrate the platform's utility for evaluating TME-targeted antifibrotic and antiangiogenic drugs side-by-side. The platform's output enabled the differential evaluation of even closely related drug candidates according to projected therapeutic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ascheid
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Baumann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Pinnecker
- Chair of Molecular Microscopy, Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mike Friedrich
- Chair of Molecular Microscopy, Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Szi-Marton
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Medved
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maja Bundalo
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Ortmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Asli Öztürk
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Katherina Hemmen
- Chair of Molecular Microscopy, Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleymann Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hirth
- Institut für Medientechnik, Technische Universität Illmenau, Illmenau, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Chair of Molecular Microscopy, Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Erik Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Graduate School for Life Sciences, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Morgan KA, Wichmann CW, Osellame LD, Cao Z, Guo N, Scott AM, Donnelly PS. Tumor targeted alpha particle therapy with an actinium-225 labelled antibody for carbonic anhydrase IX. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3372-3381. [PMID: 38425522 PMCID: PMC10901495 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06365h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective antibody targeted delivery of α particle emitting actinium-225 to tumors has significant therapeutic potential. This work highlights the design and synthesis of a new bifunctional macrocyclic diazacrown ether chelator, H2MacropaSqOEt, that can be conjugated to antibodies and forms stable complexes with actinium-225. The macrocyclic diazacrown ether chelator incorporates a linker comprised of a short polyethylene glycol fragment and a squaramide ester that allows selective reaction with lysine residues on antibodies to form stable vinylogous amide linkages. This new H2MacropaSqOEt chelator was used to modify a monoclonal antibody, girentuximab (hG250), that binds to carbonic anhydrase IX, an enzyme that is overexpressed on the surface of cancers such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma. This new antibody conjugate (H2MacropaSq-hG250) had an average chelator to antibody ratio of 4 : 1 and retained high affinity for carbonic anhydrase IX. H2MacropaSq-hG250 was radiolabeled quantitatively with [225Ac]AcIII within one minute at room temperature with micromolar concentrations of antibody and the radioactive complex is stable in human serum for >7 days. Evaluation of [225Ac]Ac(MacropaSq-hG250) in a mouse xenograft model, that overexpresses carbonic anhydrase IX, demonstrated a highly significant therapeutic response. It is likely that H2MacropaSqOEt could be used to modify other antibodies providing a readily adaptable platform for other actinium-225 based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Morgan
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Christian W Wichmann
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute Melbourne Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University Melbourne Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy Austin Health Melbourne Australia
| | - Laura D Osellame
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute Melbourne Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University Melbourne Australia
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute Melbourne Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University Melbourne Australia
| | - Nancy Guo
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute Melbourne Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute Melbourne Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University Melbourne Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy Austin Health Melbourne Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Paul S Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
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3
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Mohammadi M, Sefidgar M, Aghanajafi C, Kohandel M, Soltani M. Computational Multi-Scale Modeling of Drug Delivery into an Anti-Angiogenic Therapy-Treated Tumor. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5464. [PMID: 38001724 PMCID: PMC10670623 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study develops a numerical model, which is the most complex one, in comparison to previous research to investigate drug delivery accompanied by the anti-angiogenesis effect. This paper simulates intravascular blood flow and interstitial fluid flow using a dynamic model. The model accounts for the non-Newtonian behavior of blood and incorporates the adaptation of the diameter of a heterogeneous microvascular network derived from modeling the evolution of endothelial cells toward a circular tumor sprouting from two-parent vessels, with and without imposing the inhibitory effect of angiostatin on a modified discrete angiogenesis model. The average solute exposure and its uniformity in solid tumors of different sizes are studied by numerically solving the convection-diffusion equation. Three different methodologies are considered for simulating anti-angiogenesis: modifying the capillary network, updating the transport properties, and considering both microvasculature and transport properties modifications. It is shown that anti-angiogenic therapy decreases drug wash-out in the periphery of the tumor. Results show the decisive role of microvascular structure, particularly its distribution, and interstitial transport properties modifications induced via vascular normalization on the quality of drug delivery, such that it is improved by 39% in uniformity by the second approach in R = 0.2 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Mohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19919-43344, Iran; (M.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Mostafa Sefidgar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis 16581-74583, Iran;
| | - Cyrus Aghanajafi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19919-43344, Iran; (M.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
| | - M. Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19919-43344, Iran; (M.M.); (C.A.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Centre for Sustainable Business, International Business University, Toronto, ON M5S 2V1, Canada
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4
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Morgan KA, Rudd SE, Noor A, Donnelly PS. Theranostic Nuclear Medicine with Gallium-68, Lutetium-177, Copper-64/67, Actinium-225, and Lead-212/203 Radionuclides. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12004-12035. [PMID: 37796539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular changes in malignant tissue can lead to an increase in the expression levels of various proteins or receptors that can be used to target the disease. In oncology, diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy of tumors is possible by attaching an appropriate radionuclide to molecules that selectively bind to these target proteins. The term "theranostics" describes the use of a diagnostic tool to predict the efficacy of a therapeutic option. Molecules radiolabeled with γ-emitting or β+-emitting radionuclides can be used for diagnostic imaging using single photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography. Radionuclide therapy of disease sites is possible with either α-, β-, or Auger-emitting radionuclides that induce irreversible damage to DNA. This Focus Review centers on the chemistry of theranostic approaches using metal radionuclides for imaging and therapy. The use of tracers that contain β+-emitting gallium-68 and β-emitting lutetium-177 will be discussed in the context of agents in clinical use for the diagnostic imaging and therapy of neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. A particular emphasis is then placed on the chemistry involved in the development of theranostic approaches that use copper-64 for imaging and copper-67 for therapy with functionalized sarcophagine cage amine ligands. Targeted therapy with radionuclides that emit α particles has potential to be of particular use in late-stage disease where there are limited options, and the role of actinium-225 and lead-212 in this area is also discussed. Finally, we highlight the challenges that impede further adoption of radiotheranostic concepts while highlighting exciting opportunities and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Morgan
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Stacey E Rudd
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Asif Noor
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Paul S Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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5
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Ascheid D, Baumann M, Funke C, Volz J, Pinnecker J, Friedrich M, Höhn M, Nandigama R, Ergün S, Nieswandt B, Heinze KG, Henke E. Image-based modeling of vascular organization to evaluate anti-angiogenic therapy. Biol Direct 2023; 18:10. [PMID: 36922848 PMCID: PMC10018970 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In tumor therapy anti-angiogenic approaches have the potential to increase the efficacy of a wide variety of subsequently or co-administered agents, possibly by improving or normalizing the defective tumor vasculature. Successful implementation of the concept of vascular normalization under anti-angiogenic therapy, however, mandates a detailed understanding of key characteristics and a respective scoring metric that defines an improved vasculature and thus a successful attempt. Here, we show that beyond commonly used parameters such as vessel patency and maturation, anti-angiogenic approaches largely benefit if the complex vascular network with its vessel interconnections is both qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. To gain such deeper insight the organization of vascular networks, we introduce a multi-parametric evaluation of high-resolution angiographic images based on light-sheet fluorescence microscopy images of tumors. We first could pinpoint key correlations between vessel length, straightness and diameter to describe the regular, functional and organized structure observed under physiological conditions. We found that vascular networks from experimental tumors diverted from those in healthy organs, demonstrating the dysfunctionality of the tumor vasculature not only on the level of the individual vessel but also in terms of inadequate organization into larger structures. These parameters proofed effective in scoring the degree of disorganization in different tumor entities, and more importantly in grading a potential reversal under treatment with therapeutic agents. The presented vascular network analysis will support vascular normalization assessment and future optimization of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ascheid
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Baumann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Funke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Volz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Pinnecker
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mike Friedrich
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marie Höhn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Erik Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
- Graduate School for Life Sciences, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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6
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Sivasubramanian M, Lin LJ, Wang YC, Yang CS, Lo LW. Industrialization’s eye view on theranostic nanomedicine. Front Chem 2022; 10:918715. [PMID: 36059870 PMCID: PMC9437266 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.918715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of nanomedicines (NMs) in the healthcare industry will bring about groundbreaking improvements to the current therapeutic and diagnostic scenario. However, only a few NMs have been developed into clinical applications due to a lack of regulatory experience with them. In this article, we introduce the types of NM that have the potential for clinical translation, including theranostics, multistep NMs, multitherapy NMs, and nanoclusters. We then present the clinical translational challenges associated with NM from the pharmaceutical industry’s perspective, such as NMs’ intrinsic physiochemical properties, safety, scale-up, lack of regulatory experience and standard characterization methods, and cost-effectiveness compared with their traditional counterparts. Overall, NMs face a difficult task to overcome these challenges for their transition from bench to clinical use.
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7
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Numerical Investigation on the Anti-Angiogenic Therapy-Induced Normalization in Solid Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020363. [PMID: 35214095 PMCID: PMC8877966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study numerically analyzes the fluid flow and solute transport in a solid tumor to comprehensively examine the consequence of normalization induced by anti-angiogenic therapy on drug delivery. The current study leads to a more accurate model in comparison to previous research, as it incorporates a non-homogeneous real-human solid tumor including necrotic, semi-necrotic, and well-vascularized regions. Additionally, the model considers the effects of concurrently chemotherapeutic agents (three macromolecules of IgG, F(ab′)2, and F(ab′)) and different normalization intensities in various tumor sizes. Examining the long-term influence of normalization on the quality of drug uptake by necrotic area is another contribution of the present study. Results show that normalization decreases the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) and spreads the pressure gradient and non-zero interstitial fluid velocity (IFV) into inner areas. Subsequently, wash-out of the drug from the tumor periphery is decreased. It is also demonstrated that normalization can improve the distribution of solute concentration in the interstitium. The efficiency of normalization is introduced as a function of the time course of perfusion, which depends on the tumor size, drug type, as well as normalization intensity, and consequently on the dominant mechanism of drug delivery. It is suggested to accompany anti-angiogenic therapy by F(ab′) in large tumor size (Req=2.79 cm) to improve reservoir behavior benefit from normalization. However, IgG is proposed as the better option in the small tumor (Req=0.46 cm), in which normalization finds the opportunity of enhancing uniformity of IgG average exposure by 22%. This study could provide a perspective for preclinical and clinical trials on how to take advantage of normalization, as an adjuvant treatment, in improving drug delivery into a non-homogeneous solid tumor.
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8
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Bell MM, Gutsche NT, King AP, Baidoo KE, Kelada OJ, Choyke PL, Escorcia FE. Glypican-3-Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010004. [PMID: 33374953 PMCID: PMC7792624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is expressed in 75% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but not normal liver, making it a promising HCC therapeutic target. GC33 is a full-length humanized monoclonal IgG1 specific to GPC3 that can localize to HCC in vivo. GC33 alone failed to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy when evaluated in patients with HCC; however, we posit that cytotoxic functionalization of the antibody with therapeutic radionuclides, may be warranted. Alpha particles, which are emitted by radioisotopes such as Actinium-225 (Ac-225) exhibit high linear energy transfer and short pathlength that, when targeted to tumors, can effectively kill cancer and limit bystander cytotoxicity. Macropa, an 18-member heterocyclic crown ether, can stably chelate Ac-225 at room temperature. Here, we synthesized and evaluated the efficacy of [225Ac]Ac–Macropa–GC33 in mice engrafted with the GPC3-expressing human liver cancer cell line HepG2. Following a pilot dose-finding study, mice (n = 10 per group) were treated with (1) PBS, (2) mass-equivalent unmodified GC33, (3) 18.5 kBq [225Ac]Ac–Macropa–IgG1 (isotype control), (4) 9.25 kBq [225Ac]Ac–Macropa–GC33, and (5) 18.5 kBq [225Ac]Ac–Macropa–GC33. While significant toxicity was observed in all groups receiving radioconjugates, the 9.25 kBq [225Ac]Ac–Macropa–GC33 group demonstrated a modest survival advantage compared to PBS (p = 0.0012) and 18.5 kBq [225Ac]Ac–IgG1 (p = 0.0412). Hematological analysis demonstrated a marked, rapid reduction in white blood cells in all radioconjugate-treated groups compared to the PBS and unmodified GC33 control groups. Our studies highlight a significant disadvantage of using directly-labeled biomolecules with long blood circulation times for TAT. Strategies to mitigate such treatment toxicity include dose fractionation, pretargeting, and using smaller targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M. Bell
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Nicholas T. Gutsche
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
| | - A. Paden King
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Kwamena E. Baidoo
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Olivia J. Kelada
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
- In Vivo Imaging, Discovery and Analytics, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, MA 01748, USA
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.M.B.); (N.T.G.); (A.P.K.); (K.E.B.); (O.J.K.); (P.L.C.)
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-858-3062
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9
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Morgenstern A, Lilley LM, Stein BW, Kozimor SA, Batista ER, Yang P. Computer-Assisted Design of Macrocyclic Chelators for Actinium-225 Radiotherapeutics. Inorg Chem 2020; 60:623-632. [PMID: 33213142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Actinium-225 (225Ac) is an excellent candidate for targeted radiotherapeutic applications for treating cancer, because of its 10-day half-life and emission of four high-energy α2+ particles. To harness and direct the energetic potential of actinium, strongly binding chelators that remain stable in vivo during biological targeting must be developed. Unfortunately, controlling chelation for actinium remains challenging. Actinium is the largest +3 cation on the periodic table and has a 6d05f0 electronic configuration, and its chemistry is relatively unexplored. Herein, we present theoretical work focused on improving the understanding of actinium bonding with macrocyclic chelating agents as a function of (1) macrocycle ring size, (2) the number and identity of metal binding functional groups, and (3) the length of the tether linking the metal binding functional group to the macrocyclic backbone. Actinium binding by these chelators is presented within the context of complexation with DOTA4-, the most relevant Ac3+ binding agent for contemporary radiopharmaceutical applications. The results enabled us to develop a new strategy for actinium chelator design. The approach is rooted in our identification that Ac3+-chelation chemistry is dominated by ionic bonding interactions and relies on (1) maximizing electrostatic interactions between the metal binding functional group and the Ac3+ cation and (2) minimizing electronic repulsion between negatively charged actinium binding functional groups. This insight will provide a foundation for future innovation in developing the next generation of multifunctional actinium chelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Morgenstern
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Laura M Lilley
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stosh A Kozimor
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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10
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Lakes AL, An DD, Gauny SS, Ansoborlo C, Liang BH, Rees JA, McKnight KD, Karsunky H, Abergel RJ. Evaluating 225Ac and 177Lu Radioimmunoconjugates against Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4270-4279. [PMID: 33044830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the use of 225Ac for targeted alpha therapies has increased dramatically over the past few years, resulting in a multitude of new isotope production and translational research efforts. However, 225Ac radioimmunoconjugate (RIC) research is still in its infancy, with most prior experience in hematologic malignancies and only one reported preclinical solid tumor study using 225Ac RICs. In an effort to compare 225Ac RICs to other current antibody conjugates, a variety of RICs are tested against intractable small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We directly compare, in vitro and in vivo, two promising candidates of each α or β- category, 225Ac and 177Lu, versus pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) nonradioactive benchmarks. The monoclonal antibody constructs are targeted to either delta like 3 protein (DLL3), a recently discovered SCLC target, or CD46 as a positive control. An immunocompromised maximum tolerated dose assay is performed on NOD SCID mice, along with tumor efficacy proof-of-concept studies in vivo. We overview the conjugation techniques required to create serum-stable RICs and characterize and compare in vitro cell killing with RICs conjugated to nonspecific antibodies (huIgG1) with either native or site-specific thiol loci against tumor antigen DLL3-expressing and nonexpressing cell lines. Using patient-derived xenografts of SCLC onto NOD SCID mice, solid tumor growth was controlled throughout 3 weeks before growth appeared, in comparison to PBD conjugate controls. NOD SCID mice showed lengthened survival using 225Ac compared to 177Lu RICs, and PBD dimers showed full tumor suppression with nine out of ten mice. The exploration of RICs on a variety of antibody-antigen systems is necessary to direct efforts in cancer research toward promising candidates. However, the anti-DLL3-RIC system with 225Ac and 177Lu appears to be not as effective as the anti-DLL3-PBD counterpart in SCLC therapy with matched antibodies and portrays the challenges in both SCLC therapy as well as the specialized utility of RICs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Lakes
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dahlia D An
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stacey S Gauny
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Camille Ansoborlo
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin H Liang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Julian A Rees
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Holger Karsunky
- AbbVie-Stemcentrx, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rebecca J Abergel
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94709, United States
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11
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Castillo Seoane D, de Saint-Hubert M, Crabbe M, Struelens L, Koole M. Targeted alpha therapy: a critical review of translational dosimetry research with emphasis on actinium-225. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:265-277. [PMID: 32441067 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a general overview of the current achievements and challenges in translational dosimetry for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). The concept of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT) is described with an overview of its clinical applicability and the added value of TAT is discussed. For TAT, we focused on actinium-225 (225Ac) as an example for alpha particle emitting radionuclides and their features, such as limited range within tissue and high linear energy transfer, which make alpha particle emissions more effective in targeted killing of tumour cells compared to beta radiation. Starting with the state-of-the-art dosimetry for TRNT and TAT, we then describe the challenges that still need to be met in order to move to a personalized dosimetry approach for TAT. Specifically for 225Ac, we discuss the recoiled daughter effect which may provoke significant damage to healthy tissue or organs and should be considered. Next, a broad overview is given of the pre-clinical research on 225Ac-TAT with an extensive description of tools which are only available in a pre-clinical setting and their added value. In addition, we review the preclinical biodistribution and dosimetry studies that have been performed on TAT-agents and more specifically of 225Ac and its multiple progeny, and describe their potential role to better characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of TAT-agents and to optimize the use of theranostic approaches for dosimetry. Finally, we discuss the support pre-clinical studies may provide in understanding dose-effect relationships, linking radiation dose quantities to biological endpoints and even moving away from macro- to microdosimetry. As such, the translation of pre-clinical findings may provide valuable information and new approaches for improved clinical dosimetry, thus paving the way to personalized TAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Castillo Seoane
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium - .,Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium -
| | - Marijke de Saint-Hubert
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Melissa Crabbe
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Lara Struelens
- Research Unit in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Michel Koole
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Tafreshi NK, Doligalski ML, Tichacek CJ, Pandya DN, Budzevich MM, El-Haddad G, Khushalani NI, Moros EG, McLaughlin ML, Wadas TJ, Morse DL. Development of Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy for Solid Tumors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234314. [PMID: 31779154 PMCID: PMC6930656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles (cytotoxic payload) to tumors by chelation to monoclonal antibodies, peptides or small molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens or cell-surface receptors. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short range of alpha (α) particles in tissue, cancer cells can be significantly damaged while causing minimal toxicity to surrounding healthy cells. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of TAT in the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current consensus regarding the properties of the α-particle-emitting radionuclides that are potentially relevant for use in the clinic; the TAT-mediated mechanisms responsible for cell death; the different classes of targeting moieties and radiometal chelators available for TAT development; current approaches to calculating radiation dosimetry for TATs; and lead optimization via medicinal chemistry to improve the TAT radiopharmaceutical properties. We have also summarized the use of TATs in pre-clinical and clinical studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges K. Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Michael L. Doligalski
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Christopher J. Tichacek
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Darpan N. Pandya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - Mikalai M. Budzevich
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Ghassan El-Haddad
- Depts. of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Nikhil I. Khushalani
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Eduardo G. Moros
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark L. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV & Modulation Therapeutics Inc., 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Thaddeus J. Wadas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - David L. Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-745-8948; Fax: +1-813-745-8375
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13
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Alpha-Emitters and Targeted Alpha Therapy in Oncology: from Basic Science to Clinical Investigations. Target Oncol 2019; 13:189-203. [PMID: 29423595 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-emitters are radionuclides that decay through the emission of high linear energy transfer α-particles and possess favorable pharmacologic profiles for cancer treatment. When coupled with monoclonal antibodies, peptides, small molecules, or nanoparticles, the excellent cytotoxic capability of α-particle emissions has generated a strong interest in exploring targeted α-therapy in the pre-clinical setting and more recently in clinical trials in oncology. Multiple obstacles have been overcome by researchers and clinicians to accelerate the development of targeted α-therapies, especially with the recent improvement in isotope production and purification, but also with the development of innovative strategies for optimized targeting. Numerous studies have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the targeted α-therapy. Radium-223 (223Ra) dichloride (Xofigo®) is the first α-emitter to have received FDA approval for the treatment of prostate cancer with metastatic bone lesions. There is a significant increase in the number of clinical trials in oncology using several radionuclides such as Actinium-225 (225Ac), Bismuth-213 (213Bi), Lead-212 (212Pb), Astatine (211At) or Radium-223 (223Ra) assessing their safety and preliminary activity. This review will cover their therapeutic application as well as summarize the investigations that provide the foundation for further clinical development.
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14
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Inhibition of platelet GPVI induces intratumor hemorrhage and increases efficacy of chemotherapy in mice. Blood 2019; 133:2696-2706. [PMID: 30952674 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2018877043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of tumor vasculature integrity is indispensable for tumor growth and thus affects tumor progression. Previous studies have identified platelets as major regulators of tumor vascular integrity, as their depletion selectively rendered tumor vessels highly permeable and caused massive intratumoral hemorrhage. While these results established platelets as potential targets for antitumor therapy, their depletion is not a treatment option due to their essential role in hemostasis. Thus, a detailed understanding of how platelets safeguard vascular integrity in tumors is urgently demanded. Here, we show for the first time that functional inhibition of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) on the platelet surface with an antibody (JAQ1) F(ab)2 fragment rapidly induces tumor hemorrhage and diminishes tumor growth similar to complete platelet depletion while not inducing systemic bleeding complications. The intratumor bleeding and tumor growth arrest could be reverted by depletion of Ly6G+ cells, confirming them to be responsible for the induction of bleeding and necrosis within the tumor. In addition, JAQ1 F(ab)2-mediated GPVI inhibition increased intratumoral accumulation of coadministered chemotherapeutic agents, such as Doxil and paclitaxel, thereby resulting in a profound antitumor effect. In summary, our findings identify platelet GPVI as a key regulator of vascular integrity specifically in growing tumors and could serve as a basis for the development of antitumor strategies based on the interference with platelet function.
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15
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Restriction of drug transport by the tumor environment. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:631-648. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1744-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Khabibullin AR, Karolak A, Budzevich MM, McLaughlin ML, Morse DL, Woods LM. Structure and properties of DOTA-chelated radiopharmaceuticals within the 225Ac decay pathway. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1155-1163. [PMID: 30109003 PMCID: PMC6072494 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The successful delivery of toxic cargo directly to tumor cells is of primary importance in targeted (α) particle therapy. Complexes of radioactive atoms with the 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelating agent are considered as effective materials for such delivery processes. The DOTA chelator displays high affinity to radioactive metal isotopes and retains this capability after conjugation to tumor targeting moieties. Although the α-decay chains are well defined for many isotopes, the stability of chelations during the decay process and the impact of released energy on their structures remain unknown. The radioactive isotope 225Ac is an α-particle emitter that can be easily chelated by DOTA. However, 225Ac has a complex decay chain with four α-particle emissions during decay of each radionuclide. To advance our fundamental understanding of the consequences of α-decay on the stability of tumor-targeted 225Ac-DOTA conjugate radiopharmaceuticals, we performed first principles calculations of the structure, stability, and electronic properties of the DOTA chelator to the 225Ac radioactive isotope, and the initial daughters in the decay chain, 225Ac, 221Fr, 217At and 213Bi. Our calculations show that the atomic positions, binding energies, and electron localization functions are affected by the interplay between spin-orbit coupling, weak dispersive interactions, and environmental factors. Future empirical measurements may be guided and interpreted in light of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Karolak
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Mikalai M Budzevich
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory Shared Resource , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Mark L McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , West Virginia University , Health Sciences Center , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - David L Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa , FL , USA .
- Department of Oncologic Sciences , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Lilia M Woods
- Department of Physics , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA .
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17
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Thiele NA, Wilson JJ. Actinium-225 for Targeted α Therapy: Coordination Chemistry and Current Chelation Approaches. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:336-348. [PMID: 29889562 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-emitting radionuclide actinium-225 possesses nuclear properties that are highly promising for use in targeted α therapy (TAT), a therapeutic strategy that employs α particle emissions to destroy tumors. A key factor, however, that may hinder the clinical use of actinium-225 is the poor understanding of its coordination chemistry, which creates challenges for the development of suitable chelation strategies for this ion. In this article, we provide an overview of the known chemistry of actinium and a summary of the chelating agents that have been explored for use in actinium-225-based TAT. This overview provides a starting point for researchers in the field of TAT to gain an understanding of this valuable therapeutic radionuclide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki A Thiele
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York
| | - Justin J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York
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18
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Rossow L, Veitl S, Vorlová S, Wax JK, Kuhn AE, Maltzahn V, Upcin B, Karl F, Hoffmann H, Gätzner S, Kallius M, Nandigama R, Scheld D, Irmak S, Herterich S, Zernecke A, Ergün S, Henke E. LOX-catalyzed collagen stabilization is a proximal cause for intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy. Oncogene 2018; 37:4921-4940. [PMID: 29780168 PMCID: PMC6127085 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential of altering the tumor ECM to improve drug response remains fairly unexplored. To identify targets for modification of the ECM aiming to improve drug response and overcome resistance, we analyzed expression data sets from pre-treatment patient cohorts. Cross-evaluation identified a subset of chemoresistant tumors characterized by increased expression of collagens and collagen-stabilizing enzymes. We demonstrate that strong collagen expression and stabilization sets off a vicious circle of self-propagating hypoxia, malignant signaling, and aberrant angiogenesis that can be broken by an appropriate auxiliary intervention: Interfering with collagen stabilization by inhibition of lysyl oxidases significantly enhanced response to chemotherapy in various tumor models, even in metastatic disease. Inhibition of collagen stabilization by itself can reduce or enhance tumor growth depending on the tumor type. The mechanistical basis for this behavior is the dependence of the individual tumor on nutritional supply on one hand and on high tissue stiffness for FAK signaling on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Rossow
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simona Veitl
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Vorlová
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline K Wax
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anja E Kuhn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Verena Maltzahn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Berin Upcin
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,School of Health Sciences, Bilgi University, 34440, Beyoğlu İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Franziska Karl
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helene Hoffmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Gätzner
- Institute of Tissue Engineering, Universität Würzburg, Roentgenring 11, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kallius
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,Graduate School of Life Science, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Scheld
- Zentrallabor, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ster Irmak
- School of Health Sciences, Bilgi University, 34440, Beyoğlu İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Zentrallabor, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Erik Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany. .,Graduate School of Life Science, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.
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19
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Yu M, Han Y, Zhuo H, Zhang S. Endostar, a Modified Endostatin Induces Vascular Normalization to Improve Chemotherapy Efficacy Through Suppression of Src Signaling Pathway. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:131-138. [PMID: 29694242 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2017.2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis can be a significant barrier to effective cancer therapy. Recent evidence suggests that Endostar may induce vascular normalization, thereby improving tumor perfusion and systemic chemotherapy. However, the molecular mechanism by which Endostar makes chemotherapy more effective remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, established 4T1 breast tumor-bearing animals treated with Endostar were evaluated at serial time points for treatment-associated changes in vascular architecture. As a result, Endostar induced a morphologically and functionally normalized vascular network. Combined Endostar and doxorubicin exhibited significant antitumor (34% of control size) and antimetastatic effects (29% of control metastatic nodules) in vivo. Finally, a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDIQ-TOF MS/MS-based proteomics approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins involved in vascular normalization during Endostar administration. SRCIN1 was detected as one of the most significantly increased proteins. SRCIN1 is a novel Src-binding protein that regulates Src activation through C-terminal Src kinase, and attenuated Src activation during Endostar treatment was further confirmed by immunoblotting. Collectively, these data provided a molecular basis for vascular normalization, which were associated with the observed synergistic effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- 1 Department of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Han
- 2 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Zhuo
- 3 Department of Oncology, Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital , Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- 4 Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
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20
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Evaluation of astatine-211-labeled octreotide as a potential radiotherapeutic agent for NSCLC treatment. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1086-1091. [PMID: 29422331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Octreotide is a somatostatin (SST) analogue currently used in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) with high binding affinity for the somatostatin receptor-2 (SSTR2) that is also overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC). Alpha-particle-emitting astatine-211 (211At) is a promising radionuclide with appropriate physical and chemical properties for use in targeted anticancer therapies. To obtain an additional pharmacological agent for the treatment of NSCLC, we present the first investigation of the possible use of 211At-labeled octreotide as a potential alpha-radionuclide therapeutic agent for NSCLC treatment. 211At-SPC-octreotide exhibited observable higher uptake in lung, spleen, stomach and intestines than in other tissues. Through histological examination, 211At-SPC-octreotide demonstrated much more lethal effect than control groups (PBS, octreotide and free 211At). These promising preclinical results suggested that 211At labeled octreotide deserved to be further developed as a new anticancer agent for NSCLC.
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21
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Aghevlian S, Boyle AJ, Reilly RM. Radioimmunotherapy of cancer with high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation delivered by radionuclides emitting α-particles or Auger electrons. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 109:102-118. [PMID: 26705852 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles, β-particles or Auger electrons to tumors by conjugation to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize tumor-associated antigens/receptors. The approach has been most successful for treatment of non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma but challenges have been encountered in extending these promising results to the treatment of solid malignancies. These challenges include the low potency of β-particle emitters such as 131I, 177Lu or 90Y which have been commonly conjugated to the mAbs, due to their low linear energy transfer (LET=0.1-1.0keV/μm). Furthermore, since the β-particles have a 2-10mm range, there has been dose-limiting non-specific toxicity to hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow (BM) due to the cross-fire effect. Conjugation of mAbs to α-particle-emitters (e.g. 225Ac, 213Bi, 212Pb or 211At) or Auger electron-emitters (e.g. 111In, 67Ga, 123I or 125I) would increase the potency of RIT due to their high LET (50-230keV/μm and 4 to 26keV/μm, respectively). In addition, α-particles have a range in tissues of 28-100μm and Auger electrons are nanometer in range which greatly reduces or eliminates the cross-fire effect compared to β-particles, potentially reducing their non-specific toxicity to the BM. In this review, we describe the results of preclinical and clinical studies of RIT of cancer using radioimmunoconjugates emitting α-particles or Auger electrons, and discuss the potential of these high LET forms of radiation to improve the outcome of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Aghevlian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda J Boyle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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22
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Dobiasch S, Szanyi S, Kjaev A, Werner J, Strauss A, Weis C, Grenacher L, Kapilov-Buchman K, Israel LL, Lellouche JP, Locatelli E, Franchini MC, Vandooren J, Opdenakker G, Felix K. Synthesis and functionalization of protease-activated nanoparticles with tissue plasminogen activator peptides as targeting moiety and diagnostic tool for pancreatic cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:81. [PMID: 27993133 PMCID: PMC5168863 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are one promising tool for detecting specific molecular targets and combine molecular biology and nanotechnology aiming at modern imaging. We aimed at ligand-directed delivery with a suitable target-biomarker to detect early pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Promising targets are galectins (Gal), due to their strong expression in and on PDAC-cells and occurrence at early stages in cancer precursor lesions, but not in adjacent normal tissues. Results Molecular probes (10-29 AA long peptides) derived from human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) were selected as binding partners to galectins. Affinity constants between the synthesized t-PA peptides and Gal were determined by microscale thermophoresis. The 29 AA-long t-PA-peptide-1 with a lactose-functionalized serine revealed the strongest binding properties to Gal-1 which was 25-fold higher in comparison with the native t-PA protein and showed additional strong binding to Gal-3 and Gal-4, both also over-expressed in PDAC. t-PA-peptide-1 was selected as vector moiety and linked covalently onto the surface of biodegradable iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). In particular, CAN-doped maghemite NPs (CAN-Mag), promising as contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were selected as magnetic core and coated with different biocompatible polymers, such as chitosan (CAN-Mag-Chitosan NPs) or polylactic co glycolic acid (PLGA) obtaining polymeric nanoparticles (CAN-Mag@PNPs), already approved for drug delivery applications. The binding efficacy of t-PA-vectorized NPs determined by exposure to different pancreatic cell lines was up to 90%, as assessed by flow cytometry. The in vivo targeting and imaging efficacy of the vectorized NPs were evaluated by applying murine pancreatic tumor models and assessed by 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The t-PA-vectorized NPs as well as the protease-activated NPs with outer shell decoration (CAN-Mag@PNPs-PEG-REGAcp-PEG/tPA-pep1Lac) showed clearly detectable drop of subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor staining-intensity indicating a considerable uptake of the injected NPs. Post mortem NP deposition in tumors and organs was confirmed by Fe staining of histopathology tissue sections. Conclusions The targeted NPs indicate a fast and enhanced deposition of NPs in the murine tumor models. The CAN-Mag@PNPs-PEG-REGAcp-PEG/tPA-pep1Lac interlocking steps strategy of NPs delivery and deposition in pancreatic tumor is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Dobiasch
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Szilard Szanyi
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aleko Kjaev
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General-, Visceral-, Transplantations-, Vascular- and Thorax-Surgery LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Albert Strauss
- Department of Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Weis
- Department of Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars Grenacher
- Department of Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Diagnostik München, Diagnostic Imaging and Prevention Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Katya Kapilov-Buchman
- Nanomaterials Research Center, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Liron-Limor Israel
- Nanomaterials Research Center, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Jean-Paul Lellouche
- Nanomaterials Research Center, Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Erica Locatelli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Comes Franchini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jennifer Vandooren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Klaus Felix
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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23
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Röhrig F, Vorlová S, Hoffmann H, Wartenberg M, Escorcia FE, Keller S, Tenspolde M, Weigand I, Gätzner S, Manova K, Penack O, Scheinberg DA, Rosenwald A, Ergün S, Granot Z, Henke E. VEGF-ablation therapy reduces drug delivery and therapeutic response in ECM-dense tumors. Oncogene 2016; 36:1-12. [PMID: 27270432 PMCID: PMC5237662 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The inadequate transport of drugs into the tumor tissue caused by its abnormal vasculature is a major obstacle to the treatment of cancer. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs can cause phenotypic alteration and maturation of the tumor's vasculature. However, whether this consistently improves delivery and subsequent response to therapy is still controversial. Clinical results indicate that not all patients benefit from antiangiogenic treatment, necessitating the development of criteria to predict the effect of these agents in individual tumors. We demonstrate that, in anti-VEGF-refractory murine tumors, vascular changes after VEGF ablation result in reduced delivery leading to therapeutic failure. In these tumors, the impaired response after anti-VEGF treatment is directly linked to strong deposition of fibrillar extracellular matrix (ECM) components and high expression of lysyl oxidases. The resulting condensed, highly crosslinked ECM impeded drug permeation, protecting tumor cells from exposure to small-molecule drugs. The reduced vascular density after anti-VEGF treatment further decreased delivery in these tumors, an effect not compensated by the improved vessel quality. Pharmacological inhibition of lysyl oxidases improved drug delivery in various tumor models and reversed the negative effect of VEGF ablation on drug delivery and therapeutic response in anti-VEGF-resistant tumors. In conclusion, the vascular changes after anti-VEGF therapy can have a context-dependent negative impact on overall therapeutic efficacy. A determining factor is the tumor ECM, which strongly influences the effect of anti-VEGF therapy. Our results reveal the prospect to revert a possible negative effect and to potentiate responsiveness to antiangiogenic therapy by concomitantly targeting ECM-modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Röhrig
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Graduate School of Life Science, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Vorlová
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - H Hoffmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Graduate School of Life Science, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Wartenberg
- Institute of Pathology, Universität Würzburg, and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCCMF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - F E Escorcia
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Keller
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Tenspolde
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - I Weigand
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Gätzner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Manova
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - O Penack
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie Universitätsklinikum Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - D A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, Universität Würzburg, and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCCMF), Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Z Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - E Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Graduate School of Life Science, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Behling K, Maguire WF, Di Gialleonardo V, Heeb LEM, Hassan IF, Veach DR, Keshari KR, Gutin PH, Scheinberg DA, McDevitt MR. Remodeling the Vascular Microenvironment of Glioblastoma with α-Particles. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1771-1777. [PMID: 27261519 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.173559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors escape antiangiogenic therapy by activation of proangiogenic signaling pathways. Bevacizumab is approved for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma, but patients inevitably develop resistance to this angiogenic inhibitor. We previously investigated targeted α-particle therapy with 225Ac-E4G10 as an antivascular approach and showed increased survival and tumor control in a high-grade transgenic orthotopic glioblastoma model. Here, we investigated changes in tumor vascular morphology and functionality caused by 225Ac-E4G10. METHODS We investigated remodeling of the tumor microenvironment in transgenic Ntva glioblastoma mice using a therapeutic 7.4-kBq dose of 225Ac-E4G10. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analyses imaged morphologic changes in the tumor blood-brain barrier microenvironment. Multicolor flow cytometry quantified the endothelial progenitor cell population in the bone marrow. Diffusion-weighted MR imaged functional changes in the tumor vascular network. RESULTS The mechanism of drug action is a combination of remodeling of the glioblastoma vascular microenvironment, relief of edema, and depletion of regulatory T and endothelial progenitor cells. The primary remodeling event is the reduction of both endothelial and perivascular cell populations. Tumor-associated edema and necrosis were lessened, resulting in increased perfusion and reduced diffusion. Pharmacologic uptake of dasatinib into tumor was enhanced after α-particle therapy. CONCLUSION Targeted antivascular α-particle radiation remodels the glioblastoma vascular microenvironment via a multimodal mechanism of action and provides insight into the vascular architecture of platelet-derived growth factor-driven glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Behling
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - William F Maguire
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Lukas E M Heeb
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Iman F Hassan
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Darren R Veach
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Philip H Gutin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
| | - Michael R McDevitt
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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25
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Behling K, Maguire WF, López Puebla JC, Sprinkle SR, Ruggiero A, O'Donoghue J, Gutin PH, Scheinberg DA, McDevitt MR. Vascular Targeted Radioimmunotherapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1576-1582. [PMID: 27127217 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.171371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is characterized by an aggressive and aberrant vascular network that promotes tumor progression and hinders effective treatment; the median survival is 16 mo despite standard-of-care therapies. There is a need to improve therapeutic options for this disease. We hypothesized that antibody targeting of the vascular endothelium of glioblastoma with cytotoxic short-range, high-energy α-particles would be an effective therapeutic approach. METHODS E4G10, an antibody directed at an epitope of monomeric vascular endothelium cadherin that is expressed in tumor neovasculature and on endothelial progenitor cells in the bone marrow, was labeled with α-particle-emitting 225Ac. Pharmacokinetic studies investigated the tissue distribution and blood clearance of the 225Ac-E4G10 radioimmunoconstruct in a transgenic Nestin-tumor virus A (Ntva) mouse model of high-grade glioblastoma. Histologic analysis was used to demonstrate local therapeutic effects in treated brain tumor sections. Radioimmunotherapy with 225Ac-E4G10 was performed in Ntva mice to assess overall survival alone and in combination with temozolomide, the standard-of-care chemotherapeutic agent. RESULTS 225Ac-E4G10 was found to accumulate in tissues expressing the target antigen. Antivascular α-particle therapy of glioblastoma in the transgenic Ntva model resulted in significantly improved survival compared with controls and potent control of tumor growth. Adding the chemotherapeutic temozolomide to the treatment increased survival to 30 d (vs. 9 d for vehicle-treated animals). Histologic analyses showed a remodeled glioblastoma vascular microenvironment. CONCLUSION Targeted α-particle antivascular therapy is shown for the first time to be effective in increasing overall survival in a solid tumor in a clinically relevant transgenic glioblastoma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Behling
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - William F Maguire
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Shanna R Sprinkle
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alessandro Ruggiero
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joseph O'Donoghue
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Philip H Gutin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
| | - Michael R McDevitt
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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26
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Schütze F, Röhrig F, Vorlová S, Gätzner S, Kuhn A, Ergün S, Henke E. Inhibition of Lysyl Oxidases Improves Drug Diffusion and Increases Efficacy of Cytotoxic Treatment in 3D Tumor Models. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17576. [PMID: 26620400 PMCID: PMC4665164 DOI: 10.1038/srep17576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors are characterized by a rigid, highly cross-linked extracellular matrix (ECM), which impedes homogeneous drug distribution and potentially protects malignant cells from exposure to therapeutics. Lysyl oxidases are major contributors to tissue stiffness and the elevated expression of these enzymes observed in most cancers might influence drug distribution and efficacy. We examined the effect of lysyl oxidases on drug distribution and efficacy in 3D in vitro assay systems. In our experiments elevated lysyl oxidase activity was responsible for reduced drug diffusion under hypoxic conditions and consequently impaired cytotoxicity of various chemotherapeutics. This effect was only observed in 3D settings but not in 2D-cell culture, confirming that lysyl oxidases affect drug efficacy by modification of the ECM and do not confer a direct desensitizing effect. Both drug diffusion and efficacy were strongly enhanced by inhibition of lysyl oxidases. The results from the in vitro experiments correlated with tumor drug distribution in vivo, and predicted response to therapeutics in murine tumor models. Our results demonstrate that lysyl oxidase activity modulates the physical barrier function of ECM for small molecule drugs influencing their therapeutic efficacy. Targeting this process has the potential to significantly enhance therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Schütze
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg Koellikerstrasse 6, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Florian Röhrig
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg Koellikerstrasse 6, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Sandra Vorlová
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Sabine Gätzner
- Institute of Tissue Engineering, Universität Würzburg Roentgenring 11, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Anja Kuhn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg Koellikerstrasse 6, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg Koellikerstrasse 6, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Erik Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg Koellikerstrasse 6, Würzburg, 97070, Germany.,Graduate School for Life Science, Universität Würzburg Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
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27
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Roy Chaudhuri T, Straubinger NL, Pitoniak RF, Hylander BL, Repasky EA, Ma WW, Straubinger RM. Tumor-Priming Smoothened Inhibitor Enhances Deposition and Efficacy of Cytotoxic Nanoparticles in a Pancreatic Cancer Model. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 15:84-93. [PMID: 26516158 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients present with unresectable disease and benefit little from chemotherapy. Poor tumor perfusion and vascular permeability limit drug deposition. Previous work showed that Smoothened inhibitors of hedgehog signaling (sHHI) promote neovascularization in spontaneous mouse models of pancreatic cancer (PaCA) and enhance tumor permeability to low-molecular weight compounds. Here, we tested the hypothesis that sHHI can enhance tumor deposition and efficacy of drug-containing nanoparticles consisting of 80 to 100 nm sterically-stabilized liposomes (SSL) containing doxorubicin (SSL-DXR). SCID mice bearing low-passage patient-derived PaCA xenografts (PDX) were pretreated p.o. for 10 days with 40 mg/kg/d NVP-LDE225 (erismodegib), followed by i.v. SSL-DXR. Microvessel density, permeability, perfusion, and morphology were compared with untreated controls, as was SSL deposition and therapeutic efficacy. The sHHI alone affected tumor growth minimally, but markedly increased extravasation of nanoparticles into adenocarcinoma cell-enriched regions of the tumor. Immunostaining showed that sHHI treatment decreased pericyte coverage (α-SMA(+)) of CD31(+) vascular endothelium structures, and increased the abundance of endothelium-poor (CD31(-)) basement membrane structures (collagen IV(+)), suggesting increased immature microvessels. SSL-DXR (15 mg/kg) administered after sHHI pretreatment arrested tumor volume progression and decreased tumor perfusion/permeability, suggesting an initial vascular pruning response. Compared with controls, one cycle of 10-day sHHI pretreatment followed by 6 mg/kg SSL-DXR doubled median tumor progression time. Three cycles of treatment with sHHI and SSL-DXR, with a 10-day between-cycle drug holiday, nearly tripled median tumor progression time. Based upon these data, short-term sHHI treatment sequenced with nanoparticulate drug carriers constitutes a potential strategy to enhance efficacy of pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tista Roy Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Ninfa L Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Bonnie L Hylander
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Wen Wee Ma
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. Department of Cancer Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, New York.
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28
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Zhu H, Yang X, Ding Y, Liu J, Lu J, Zhan L, Qin Q, Zhang H, Chen X, Yang Y, Yang Y, Liu Z, Yang M, Zhou X, Cheng H, Sun X. Recombinant human endostatin enhances the radioresponse in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by normalizing tumor vasculature and reducing hypoxia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14503. [PMID: 26412785 PMCID: PMC4585975 DOI: 10.1038/srep14503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of recombinant human endostatin (rh-Endo) in combination with radiation therapy (RT) on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and explore the potential mechanisms. ECA109-bearing nude mice were administered RT and/or rh-Endo treatment. Tumor volume, survival, hypoxia and vascular parameters were recorded during the treatment schedule and follow-up as measures of treatment response. ESCC cell lines (ECA109 and TE13) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were developed to investigate the outcomes and toxicities of rh-Endo and RT in vitro. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also evaluated. In vivo studies of ECA109-bearing xenografts showed that rh-Endo improved the radioresponse, with normalization of tumor vasculature and a reduction in hypoxia. In vitro studies showed that rh-Endo did not radiosensitize ESCC cell lines but did affect endothelial cells with a time- and dose-dependent manner. Studies of the molecular mechanism indicated that the improved radioresponse might be due to crosstalk between cancer cells and endothelial cells involving HIF and VEGF expression. Our data suggest that rh-Endo may be a potential anti-angiogenic agent in ESCC especially when combined with RT. The improved radioresponse arises from normalization of tumor vasculature and a reduction in hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuqiong Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changzhou Cancer Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liangliang Zhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuehua Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zheming Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xifa Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Changzhou Cancer Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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29
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Kramer RM, Russell J, Humm JL. Distribution of Gemcitabine Is Nearly Homogenous in Two Orthotopic Murine Models of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015. [PMID: 26203552 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2015.1869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the United States. Gemcitabine is a common treatment, but response rates are low, perhaps due in part to tumor hypoxia. We utilized (14)C-labeled gemcitabine to map distribution of the drug with respect to perfused and hypoxic regions of the tumor microenvironment in two orthotopic xenograft models of pancreatic cancer. There was only a slight reduction in gemcitabine in hypoxic areas, with ∼78% of the drug present in hypoxic compared to perfused areas. In addition, only a 4% reduction in gemcitabine was measured at >100 μm from perfused blood vessels. Thus, despite significant areas of hypoxia in these tumors, gemcitabine distribution is relatively homogenous. Ours is the first study to directly measure gemcitabine distribution within tumor tissue, demonstrating that in these models, tumor tissue does not represent a barrier to gemcitabine penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Kramer
- 1 Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, The Rockefeller University , New York, New York
| | - James Russell
- 2 Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York
| | - John L Humm
- 2 Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York
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30
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Pomme G, Augustin F, Fiegl M, Droeser RA, Sterlacci W, Tzankov A. Detailed assessment of microvasculature markers in non-small cell lung cancer reveals potentially clinically relevant characteristics. Virchows Arch 2015; 467:55-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Tumor penetrability and anti-angiogenesis using iRGD-mediated delivery of doxorubicin-polymer conjugates. Biomaterials 2014; 35:8735-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Maguire WF, McDevitt MR, Smith-Jones PM, Scheinberg DA. Efficient 1-step radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies to high specific activity with 225Ac for α-particle radioimmunotherapy of cancer. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:1492-8. [PMID: 24982438 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.138347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Targeted α-particle radiation using the radioisotope (225)Ac is a promising form of therapy for various types of cancer. Historic obstacles to the use of (225)Ac have been the difficulty in finding suitable chelators to stably attach it to targeting vehicles such as peptides and monoclonal antibodies, the low specific activities of the products, and the lack of cost-effective radiolabeling procedures. We initially solved the first problem with a procedure involving 2 chemical steps that has been used as a standard in preclinical and clinical studies. However, this procedure involves the loss of 90% of the input (225)Ac. A more efficient, economical process is needed to facilitate the more widespread use of (225)Ac. METHODS We conjugated representative antibodies with 2 forms of DOTA as well as other chelators as controls. We developed conditions to radiolabel these constructs in 1 chemical step and characterized their stability, immunoreactivity, biodistribution, and therapeutic efficacy in healthy and tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS DOTA-antibody constructs were labeled to a wide range of specific activities in 1 chemical step at 37°C. Radiochemical yields were approximately 10-fold higher, and specific activities were up to 30-fold higher than with the previous approach. The products retained immunoreactivity and were stable to serum challenge in vitro and in mice. Labeling kinetics of DOTA-antibody constructs linked through a benzyl isothiocyanate linkage were more favorable than those linked through an N-hydroxysuccinimide linkage. Tissue distribution was similar but not identical between the constructs. The constructs produced specific therapeutic responses in a mouse model of acute myeloid leukemia. CONCLUSION We have characterized an efficient, 1-step radiolabeling method that produces stable, therapeutically active conjugates of antibodies with (225)Ac at high specific activity. We propose that this technology greatly expands the possible clinical applications of (225)Ac monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Maguire
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael R McDevitt
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter M Smith-Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York; and Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Combination of intra-arterial therapies and sorafenib: is there a clinical benefit? Radiol Med 2014; 119:476-82. [PMID: 24894921 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-014-0413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intra-arterial therapies (IATs) play a major role in the treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Over the last three decades, multiple loco-regional approaches such as transarterial chemoembolization or radioembolization were shown to effectively achieve local tumor control, offering significant survival benefits for selected patients with intermediate to advanced-stage disease (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B and C). These therapies provide a dual benefit of safely delivering a highly cytotoxic payload directly to the tumor while reducing systemic toxicity. This capability maintained the advantage of IATs over conventional systemic chemotherapy. The introduction of sorafenib as a systemically applicable drug, the first of its kind to provide survival benefits by means of oral monotherapy, contributed to a paradigm change. The idea of combining this novel agent with IATs seemed intriguing, and a variety of national and international clinical trials were initiated to explore the potential benefits of this exciting new option. A plethora of preliminary data has been made available throughout the last 5 years, and the interpretation of the inhomogeneously designed protocols proved difficult. In this review, we will provide a brief state-of-the-art update on the most frequently used intra-arterial modalities and discuss the molecular mechanism, potential biomarkers as well as the safety profile of sorafenib. Furthermore, we will discuss the role of the sequence of administration in combined therapies. Finally, this review will examine the evidence for clinical outcomes for the combination of different IATs with sorafenib.
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Abstract
α-particle-emitting radionuclides are highly cytotoxic and are thus promising candidates for use in targeted radioimmunotherapy of cancer. Due to their high linear energy transfer (LET) combined with a short path length in tissue, α-particles cause severe DNA double-strand breaks that are repaired inaccurately and finally trigger cell death. For radioimmunotherapy, α-emitters such as 225Ac, 211At, 212Bi/212Pb, 213Bi and 227Th are coupled to antibodies via appropriate chelating agents. The α-emitter immunoconjugates preferably target proteins that are overexpressed or exclusively expressed on cancer cells. Application of α-emitter immunoconjugates seems particularly promising in treatment of disseminated cancer cells and small tumor cell clusters that are released during the resection of a primary tumor. α-emitter immunoconjugates have been successfully administered in numerous experimental studies for therapy of ovarian, colon, gastric, blood, breast and bladder cancer. Initial clinical trials evaluating α-emitter immunoconjugates in terms of toxicity and therapeutic efficacy have also shown positive results in patients with melanoma, ovarian cancer, acute myeloid lymphoma and glioma. The present problems in terms of availability of therapeutically effiective α-emitters will presumably be solved by use of alternative production routes and installation of additional production facilities in the near future. Therefore, clinical establishment of targeted α-emitter radioimmunotherapy as one part of a multimodal concept for therapy of cancer is a promising, middle-term concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Seidl
- Technische Universität München, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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Maksimenko A, Alami M, Zouhiri F, Brion JD, Pruvost A, Mougin J, Hamze A, Boissenot T, Provot O, Desmaële D, Couvreur P. Therapeutic modalities of squalenoyl nanocomposites in colon cancer: an ongoing search for improved efficacy. ACS NANO 2014; 8:2018-32. [PMID: 24555414 PMCID: PMC4060170 DOI: 10.1021/nn500517a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery of combined cytotoxic and antivascular chemotherapies in multidrug nanoassemblies may represent an attractive way to improve the treatment of experimental cancers. Here we made the proof of concept of this approach on the experimental LS174-T human colon carcinoma xenograft nude mice model. Briefly, we have nanoprecipitated the anticancer compound gemcitabine conjugated with squalene (SQ-gem) together with isocombretastatin A-4 (isoCA-4), a new isomer of the antivascular combretastatin A-4 (CA-4). It was found that these molecules spontaneously self-assembled as stable nanoparticles (SQ-gem/isoCA-4 NAs) of ca. 142 nm in a surfactant-free aqueous solution. Cell culture viability tests and apoptosis assays showed that SQ-gem/isoCA-4 NAs displayed comparable antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects than those of the native gemcitabine or the mixtures of free gemcitabine with isoCA-4. Surprisingly, it was observed by confocal microscopy that the nanocomposites made of SQ-gem/isoCA-4 distributed intracellularly as intact nanoparticles whereas the SQ-gem nanoparticles remained localized onto the cell membrane. When used to deliver these combined chemotherapeutics to human colon cancer model, SQ-gem/isoCA-4 nanocomposites induced complete tumor regression (by 93%) and were found superior to all the other treatments, whereas the overall tolerance was better than the free drug treatments. This approach could be applied to other pairs of squalenoylated nanoassemblies with other non-water-soluble drugs, thus broadening the application of the "squalenoylation" concept in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Maksimenko
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Mouad Alami
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx LERMIT, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS-UMR 8076, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Fatima Zouhiri
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Brion
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx LERMIT, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS-UMR 8076, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Alain Pruvost
- Laboratoire d’Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, iBiTecS, SPI, CEA, Gif sur Yvette, Paris F-91191, France
| | - Julie Mougin
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Abdallah Hamze
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx LERMIT, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS-UMR 8076, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Tanguy Boissenot
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Olivier Provot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx LERMIT, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, BioCIS-UMR 8076, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Didier Desmaële
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, Paris, F-92296, France
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Yin T, He S, Ye T, Shen G, Wan Y, Wang Y. Antiangiogenic therapy using sunitinib combined with rapamycin retards tumor growth but promotes metastasis. Transl Oncol 2014; 7:221-9. [PMID: 24742865 PMCID: PMC4101341 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the synergistic effect of sunitinib and rapamycin on tumor growth and metastasis in murine breast cancer model. METHODS: The synergistic antitumor effect of sunitinib and rapamycin on tumor growth and metastasis was investigated. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in spleens and lungs were assessed. Tumor hypoxia, vessel density and micrometastasis were evaluated. Versican, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), arginase 1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in the lungs and tumors were examined. IL-6 and TGF-β in the blood were evaluated. RESULTS: Synergism between sunitinib and rapamycin on tumor growth was observed. Sunitinib plus rapamycin reduced splenomegaly, MDSCs in spleens and lungs, and microvessel density in tumor microenvironment, while exacerbated hypoxia and promoted cancer lung metastasis. Sunitinib plus rapamycin markedly induced versican, IDO, arginase 1, IL-6, and TGF-β expression in the lungs, whereas it reduced IDO and IL-10 expression in the primary tumor tissues. IL-6 levels in the circulation were increased after rapamycin and combination therapies. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of sunitinib plus rapamycin reduced the tumor growth but promoted tumor metastasis. This study warrants that further mTOR inhibition treatment should be closely watched in clinical setting, especially combined with antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sisi He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tinghong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guobo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Nagaraja TN, Aryal MP, Brown SL, Bagher-Ebadian H, Mikkelsen T, Yang JJ, Panda S, Keenan KA, Cabral G, Ewing JR. Cilengitide-induced temporal variations in transvascular transfer parameters of tumor vasculature in a rat glioma model: identifying potential MRI biomarkers of acute effects. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84493. [PMID: 24376814 PMCID: PMC3871527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) 4-8 h after Cilengitide treatment has been reported. We hypothesized that the effects of Cilengitide on tumor transvascular transfer parameters might underlie, and thus predict, this potentiation. Athymic rats with orthotopic U251 glioma were studied at ~21 days after implantation using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. Vascular parameters, viz: plasma volume fraction (vp), forward volume transfer constant (Ktrans) and interstitial volume fraction (ve) of a contrast agent, were determined in tumor vasculature once before, and again in cohorts 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after Cilengitide administration (4 mg/kg; N = 31; 6-7 per cohort). Perfusion-fixed brain sections were stained for von Willebrand factor to visualize vascular segments. A comparison of pre- and post-treatment parameters showed that the differences between MR indices before and after Cilengitide treatment pivoted around the 8 h time point, with 2 and 4 h groups showing increases, 12 and 24 h groups showing decreases, and values at the 8 h time point close to the baseline. The vascular parameter differences between group of 2 and 4 h and group of 12 and 24 h were significant for Ktrans (p = 0.0001 and ve (p = 0,0271). Vascular staining showed little variation with time after Cilengitide. The vascular normalization occurring 8 h after Cilengitide treatment coincided with similar previous reports of increased treatment efficacy when RT followed Cilengitide by 8 h. Pharmacological normalization of vasculature has the potential to increase sensitivity to RT. Evaluating acute temporal responses of tumor vasculature to putative anti-angiogenic drugs may help in optimizing their combination with other treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavarekere N. Nagaraja
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Madhava P. Aryal
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Stephen L. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Hassan Bagher-Ebadian
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James J. Yang
- Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Swayamprava Panda
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kelly A. Keenan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Glauber Cabral
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James R. Ewing
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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Bandekar A, Zhu C, Jindal R, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Sofou S. Anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen liposomes loaded with 225Ac for potential targeted antivascular α-particle therapy of cancer. J Nucl Med 2013; 55:107-14. [PMID: 24337602 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.125476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study evaluates targeted liposomes loaded with the α-particle generator (225)Ac to selectively kill prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-expressing cells with the aim to assess their potential for targeted antivascular radiotherapy. METHODS In this study, PEGylated liposomes were loaded with (225)Ac and labeled with the mouse antihuman PSMA J591 antibody or with the A10 PSMA aptamer. The targeting selectivity, extent of internalization, and killing efficacy of liposomes were evaluated on monolayers of prostate cancer cells intrinsically expressing PSMA (human LNCaP and rat Mat-Lu cells) and on monolayers of HUVEC induced to express PSMA (induced HUVEC). RESULTS The loading efficiency of (225)Ac into preformed liposomes ranged from 58.0% ± 4.6% to 85.6% ± 11.7% of introduced radioactivity. The conjugation reactions resulted in approximately 17 ± 2 J591 antibodies and 9 ± 2 A10 aptamers per liposome. The average size of liposomes, 107 ± 2 nm in diameter, was not affected by conjugation or loading. LNCaP cells exhibit 2:1:0.5 relative PSMA expression, compared with MatLu and induced HUVEC, respectively, based on flow cytometry detecting association of the J591 antibody. J591-labeled liposomes display higher levels of total specific binding to all cell lines than A10 aptamer-labeled liposomes. Specific cell association of targeted liposomes increases with incubation time. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrate that radiolabeled J591-labeled liposomes are most cytotoxic, with median lethal dose values, after 24 h of incubation, equal to 1.96 (5.3 × 10(-5)), 2.92 × 10(2) (7.9 × 10(-3)), and 2.33 × 10(1) Bq/mL (6.3 × 10(-4) μCi/mL) for LNCaP, Mat-Lu, and induced HUVEC, respectively, which are comparable to the values for the radiolabeled J591 antibody. For A10 aptamer-labeled liposomes, the corresponding values are 3.70 × 10(1) (1.0 × 10(-3)), 1.85 × 10(3) (5.0 × 10(-2)), and 4.07 × 10(3) Bq/mL (1.1 × 10(-1) μCi/mL), respectively. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrate that anti-PSMA-targeted liposomes loaded with (225)Ac selectively bind, become internalized, and kill PSMA-expressing cells including endothelial cells induced to express PSMA. These findings-combined with the unique ability of liposomes to be easily tuned, in terms of size and surface modification, for optimizing biodistributions-suggest the potential of PSMA-targeting liposomes encapsulating α-particle emitters for selective antivascular α radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Bandekar
- Departments of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey; and
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Exploiting nanotechnology to overcome tumor drug resistance: Challenges and opportunities. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1731-47. [PMID: 24036273 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells develop resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs through multiple mechanisms. Overexpression of efflux transporters is an important source of drug resistance. Efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein reduce intracellular drug accumulation and compromise drug efficacy. Various nanoparticle-based approaches have been investigated to overcome efflux-mediated resistance. These include the use of formulation excipients that inhibit transporter activity and co-delivery of the anticancer drug with a specific inhibitor of transporter function or expression. However, the effectiveness of nanoparticles can be diminished by poor transport in the tumor tissue. Hence, adjunct therapies that improve the intratumoral distribution of nanoparticles may be vital to the successful application of nanotechnology to overcome tumor drug resistance. This review discusses the mechanisms of tumor drug resistance and highlights the opportunities and challenges in the use of nanoparticles to improve the efficacy of anticancer drugs against resistant tumors.
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Cesca M, Bizzaro F, Zucchetti M, Giavazzi R. Tumor delivery of chemotherapy combined with inhibitors of angiogenesis and vascular targeting agents. Front Oncol 2013; 3:259. [PMID: 24102047 PMCID: PMC3787308 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous angiogenesis-vascular targeting agents have been admitted to the ranks of cancer therapeutics; most are used in polytherapy regimens. This review looks at recent progress and our own preclinical experience in combining angiogenesis inhibitors, mainly acting on VEGF/VEGFR pathways, and vascular targeting agents with conventional chemotherapy, discussing the factors that determine the outcome of these treatments. Molecular and morphological modifications of the tumor microenvironment associated with drug distribution and activity are reviewed. Modalities to improve drug delivery and strategies for optimizing combination therapy are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cesca
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , Milan , Italy
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A microRNA signature defines chemoresistance in ovarian cancer through modulation of angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:9845-50. [PMID: 23697367 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305472110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy; it is highly aggressive and causes almost 125,000 deaths yearly. Despite advances in detection and cytotoxic therapies, a low percentage of patients with advanced stage disease survive 5 y after the initial diagnosis. The high mortality of this disease is mainly caused by resistance to the available therapies. Here, we profiled microRNA (miR) expression in serous epithelial ovarian carcinomas to assess the possibility of a miR signature associated with chemoresistance. We analyzed tumor samples from 198 patients (86 patients as a training set and 112 patients as a validation set) for human miRs. A signature of 23 miRs associated with chemoresistance was generated by array analysis in the training set. Quantitative RT-PCR in the validation set confirmed that three miRs (miR-484, -642, and -217) were able to predict chemoresistance of these tumors. Additional analysis of miR-484 revealed that the sensitive phenotype is caused by a modulation of tumor vasculature through the regulation of the VEGFB and VEGFR2 pathways. We present compelling evidence that three miRs can classify the response to chemotherapy of ovarian cancer patients in a large multicenter cohort and that one of these three miRs is involved in the control of tumor angiogenesis, indicating an option in the treatment of these patients. Our results suggest, in fact, that blockage of VEGF through the use of an anti-VEGFA antibody may not be sufficient to improve survival in ovarian cancer patients unless VEGFB signaling is also blocked.
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Muñoz R, Arias Y, Ferreras JM, Jiménez P, Langa C, Rojo MA, Gayoso MJ, Córdoba-Díaz D, Bernabéu C, Girbés T. In vitro and in vivo effects of an anti-mouse endoglin (CD105)-immunotoxin on the early stages of mouse B16MEL4A5 melanoma tumours. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:541-51. [PMID: 23076642 PMCID: PMC11029560 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1357-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
TGF-beta superfamily co-receptors are emerging as targets for cancer therapy, acting both directly on cells and indirectly on the tumour neovasculature. Endoglin (CD105), an accessory component of the TGF-beta receptor complex, is expressed in certain melanoma cell lines and the endothelial cells of tumour neovessels. Targeting endoglin with immunotoxins is an attractive approach for actively suppressing the blood supply to tumours. Here, we report evidence indicating that endoglin is expressed in mouse melanoma B16MEL4A5 and mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines. We prepared an immunotoxin to target endoglin by coupling the rat anti-mouse MJ7/18 (IgG2a) monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the non-toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein nigrin b (Ngb) with N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate (SPDP) as a linker with a molar nigrin b at a MJ7/18 stoichiometry of 2:1. The MJ7-Ngb immunotoxin generated killed both cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.2 × 10(-9) M for B16MEL4A5 and 7.7 × 10(-11) M for L929 cells. For in vivo assays of the immunotoxin, B16MEL4A5 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flanks of 6-week-old C57BL/6 J mice. When the animals developed palpable solid tumours, they were subjected to treatment with the immunotoxin. While treatment with either MJ7/18 mAb or Ngb did not affect tumour development, treatment with the immunotoxin completely and steadily blocked tumour growth up to 7 days, after which some tumours re-grew. Thus, vascular-targeting therapy with this anti-vascular immunotoxin could promote the destruction of newly created tumour vessels at early stages of B16MEL4A5 tumour development and readily accessible CD105+ B16MEL4A5 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Arias
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Ferreras
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pilar Jiménez
- Nutrición y Bromatología-Facultad de Medicina y Centro de Investigación en Nutrición, Alimentación y Dietética (CINAD), Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carmen Langa
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Rojo
- Escuela Politécnica, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Manuel José Gayoso
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Damián Córdoba-Díaz
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo Bernabéu
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Girbés
- Nutrición y Bromatología-Facultad de Medicina y Centro de Investigación en Nutrición, Alimentación y Dietética (CINAD), Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Meng MB, Jiang XD, Deng L, Na FF, He JZ, Xue JX, Guo WH, Wen QL, Lan J, Mo XM, Lang JY, Lu Y. Enhanced radioresponse with a novel recombinant human endostatin protein via tumor vasculature remodeling: experimental and clinical evidence. Radiother Oncol 2013; 106:130-7. [PMID: 23351845 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the effect of the novel recombinant human endostatin (rh-Endo) protein on tumor vasculature, and to explore and evaluate the optimal scheduling of rh-Endo and radiotherapy (RT). METHODS Tumor-perfusion parameters and hypoxia were monitored after rh-Endo treatment in 10 non-small cell lung-cancer (NSCLC) patients. Eight-week female C57BL/6J mice were randomized to receive rh-Endo or control (saline) once daily for 12 days when Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) reached approximately 100-150 mm(3). On planned days, tumors were measured for cell apoptosis, microvessel density, pericytes, blood-vessel morphology, and tumor hypoxia. The tumor response under different combinations of rh-Endo and RT schedules was evaluated. RESULTS Tumor hypoxia was significantly reduced 5 days after rh-Endo in NSCLC patients, and a similar result was found in the LLC mouse model. The anti-tumor effect was markedly enhanced when RT was administered within the remodeling period compared to any other treatment schedule. rh-Endo treatment remodeled the tumor vasculature after 5 days by reducing microvessel density and increasing pericytic coverage of the vessel endothelium. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated decreased hypoxia in animals and patients upon rh-Endo treatment, which also enhanced the radioresponse within the vasculature-remodeling period. The optimal clinical combination of rh-Endo and RT warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Bin Meng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Wang J, Yao K, Wang C, Tang C, Jiang X. Synthesis and drug delivery of novel amphiphilic block copolymers containing hydrophobic dehydroabietic moiety. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2324-2332. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liapi E, Geschwind JFH. Combination of local transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and systemic anti-angiogenic therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Cancer 2012; 1:201-15. [PMID: 24159585 PMCID: PMC3760461 DOI: 10.1159/000343835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiologic complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying hepatic cirrhosis, make optimal treatment choice a clinical challenge. The radical change in the treatment algorithm of patients with advanced unresectable HCC over the past 7 years, with the introduction of anti-angiogenic agents in patients with only preserved liver function reflect this challenge. Even though data from studies on the combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and anti-angiogenic agents demonstrate a survival advantage in selected patients, this combination is not straightforward. In this review, we'll examine current data of administering anti-angiogenic therapy in combination with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and critically evaluate the progress and gaps in current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Francois H. Geschwind
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Interventional Radiology Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Huang CY, Pourgholami MH, Allen BJ. Optimizing radioimmunoconjugate delivery in the treatment of solid tumor. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 38:854-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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(18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging detects therapy efficacy of anti-EMMPRIN antibody and gemcitabine in orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts. Mol Imaging Biol 2012; 14:237-44. [PMID: 21494920 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-011-0491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic response to a novel monoclonal antibody targeting human extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in combination with gemcitabine in a pancreatic-tumor xenograft murine model by sequential 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomgraphy (PET/CT) imaging. PROCEDURES Four groups of SCID mice bearing orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenografts were injected with phosphate-buffered saline, gemcitabine (120 mg/kg BW), anti-EMMPRIN antibody (0.2 mg), or combination, respectively, twice weekly for 2 weeks, while (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed weekly for 3 weeks. Changes in mean standardized uptake value (SUV(mean)) of (18)F-FDG and volume of tumors were determined. RESULTS The tumor SUV(mean) change in the group receiving combination therapy was significantly lower than those of the other groups. Tumor-volume changes of groups treated with anti-EMMPRIN monotherapy or combined therapy were significantly lower than that of the control group. CONCLUSIONS These data provide support for clinical studies of anti-EMMPRIN therapy with gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Roy Chaudhuri T, Arnold RD, Yang J, Turowski SG, Qu Y, Spernyak JA, Mazurchuk R, Mager DE, Straubinger RM. Mechanisms of tumor vascular priming by a nanoparticulate doxorubicin formulation. Pharm Res 2012; 29:3312-24. [PMID: 22798260 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0823-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor vascular normalization by antiangiogenic agents may increase tumor perfusion but reestablish vascular barrier properties in CNS tumors. Vascular priming via nanoparticulate carriers represents a mechanistically distinct alternative. This study investigated mechanisms by which sterically-stabilized liposomal doxorubicin (SSL-DXR) modulates tumor vascular properties. METHODS Functional vascular responses to SSL-DXR were investigated in orthotopic rat brain tumors using deposition of fluorescent permeability probes and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Microvessel density and tumor burden were quantified by immunohistochemistry (CD-31) and quantitative RT-PCR (VE-cadherin). RESULTS Administration of SSL-DXR (5.7 mg/kg iv) initially (3-4 days post-treatment) decreased tumor vascular permeability, k(trans) (vascular exchange constant), vascular endothelial cell content, microvessel density, and deposition of nanoparticulates. Tumor vasculature became less chaotic. Permeability and perfusion returned to control values 6-7 days post-treatment, but intratumor SSL-DXR depot continued to effect tumor vascular endothelial compartment 7-10 days post-treatment, mediating enhanced permeability. CONCLUSIONS SSL-DXR ultimately increased tumor vascular permeability, but initially normalized tumor vasculature and decreased tumor perfusion, permeability, and nanoparticulate deposition. These temporal changes in vascular integrity resulting from a single SSL-DXR dose have important implications for the design of combination therapies incorporating nanoparticle-based agents for tumor vascular priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tista Roy Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 445 Kapoor Hall, Buffalo, New York 14214-8033, USA
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Scheinberg DA, McDevitt MR. Actinium-225 in targeted alpha-particle therapeutic applications. Curr Radiopharm 2012; 4:306-20. [PMID: 22202153 DOI: 10.2174/1874471011104040306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Alpha particle-emitting isotopes are being investigated in radioimmunotherapeutic applications because of their unparalleled cytotoxicity when targeted to cancer and their relative lack of toxicity towards untargeted normal tissue. Actinium- 225 has been developed into potent targeting drug constructs and is in clinical use against acute myelogenous leukemia. The key properties of the alpha particles generated by 225Ac are the following: i) limited range in tissue of a few cell diameters; ii) high linear energy transfer leading to dense radiation damage along each alpha track; iii) a 10 day halflife; and iv) four net alpha particles emitted per decay. Targeting 225Ac-drug constructs have potential in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Scheinberg
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue,New York, NY 10065, USA
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van der Bilt ARM, de Vries EGE, de Jong S, Timmer-Bosscha H, van der Zee AGJ, Reyners AKL. Turning promise into progress for antiangiogenic agents in epithelial ovarian cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 84:224-42. [PMID: 22525643 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to improve chemotherapeutic efficacy in epithelial ovarian cancer, outcome for patients with advanced disease has remained unchanged since the introduction of standard carboplatin and paclitaxel. Interest has therefore shifted toward molecularly targeted therapies that interfere with important features of ovarian carcinogenesis, such as angiogenesis. Several angiogenesis inhibitors, targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligands (bevacizumab, VEGF-Trap) or their receptors (VEGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors) have been clinically evaluated. These agents demonstrated efficacy in phase II clinical trials. Results from phase III trials, in which bevacizumab was added to standard frontline chemotherapy, show a modest effect. Although the initial expectations for angiogenesis inhibitors have been tempered, further research is warranted to define their precise place in the treatment of ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the performed and ongoing studies with regard to angiogenesis inhibitors in ovarian cancer, and the available data on biomarkers for response prediction. Preclinical studies evaluating alternative angiogenesis inhibitors will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne R M van der Bilt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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