1
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Sunassee ED, Deutsch RJ, D’Agostino VW, Castellano-Escuder P, Siebeneck EA, Ilkayeva O, Crouch BT, Madonna MC, Everitt J, Alvarez JV, Palmer GM, Hirschey MD, Ramanujam N. Optical imaging reveals chemotherapy-induced metabolic reprogramming of residual disease and recurrence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj7540. [PMID: 38579004 PMCID: PMC10997195 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj7540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Fewer than 20% of triple-negative breast cancer patients experience long-term responses to mainstay chemotherapy. Resistant tumor subpopulations use alternative metabolic pathways to escape therapy, survive, and eventually recur. Here, we show in vivo, longitudinal metabolic reprogramming in residual disease and recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer xenografts with varying sensitivities to the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel. Optical imaging coupled with metabolomics reported an increase in non-glucose-driven mitochondrial metabolism and an increase in intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity during regression and residual disease in resistant MDA-MB-231 tumors. Conversely, sensitive HCC-1806 tumors were primarily reliant on glucose uptake and minimal changes in metabolism or heterogeneity were observed over the tumors' therapeutic life cycles. Further, day-matched resistant HCC-1806 tumors revealed a higher reliance on mitochondrial metabolism and elevated metabolic heterogeneity compared to sensitive HCC-1806 tumors. Together, metabolic flexibility, increased reliance on mitochondrial metabolism, and increased metabolic heterogeneity are defining characteristics of persistent residual disease, features that will inform the appropriate type and timing of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Riley J. Deutsch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Pol Castellano-Escuder
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian T. Crouch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Megan C. Madonna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey Everitt
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James V. Alvarez
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Matthew D. Hirschey
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nirmala Ramanujam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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2
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Sreekumar A, Lu M, Choudhury B, Pan TC, Pant DK, Lawrence-Paul MR, Sterner CJ, Belka GK, Toriumi T, Benz BA, Escobar-Aguirre M, Marino FE, Esko JD, Chodosh LA. B3GALT6 promotes dormant breast cancer cell survival and recurrence by enabling heparan sulfate-mediated FGF signaling. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:52-69.e7. [PMID: 38065100 PMCID: PMC10872305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer mortality results from incurable recurrences thought to be seeded by dormant, therapy-refractory residual tumor cells (RTCs). Understanding the mechanisms enabling RTC survival is therefore essential for improving patient outcomes. Here, we derive a dormancy-associated RTC signature that mirrors the transcriptional response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients and is enriched for extracellular matrix-related pathways. In vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screening of dormancy-associated candidate genes identifies the galactosyltransferase B3GALT6 as a functional regulator of RTC fitness. B3GALT6 is required for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) linkage to proteins to generate proteoglycans, and its germline loss of function in patients causes skeletal dysplasias. We find that B3GALT6-mediated biosynthesis of heparan sulfate GAGs predicts poor patient outcomes and promotes tumor recurrence by enhancing dormant RTC survival in multiple contexts, and does so via a B3GALT6-heparan sulfate/HS6ST1-heparan 6-O-sulfation/FGF1-FGFR2 signaling axis. These findings implicate B3GALT6 in cancer and nominate FGFR2 inhibition as a promising approach to eradicate dormant RTCs and prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Sreekumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michelle Lu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tien-Chi Pan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dhruv K Pant
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew R Lawrence-Paul
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher J Sterner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - George K Belka
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Takashi Toriumi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian A Benz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matias Escobar-Aguirre
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Francesco E Marino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lewis A Chodosh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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3
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Hanbazazh M, Samman A, Samargandy S, Al-Maghrabi J. Prognostic value of glucose transporter proteins-1 (GLUT1) in breast carcinoma. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2283953. [PMID: 37988377 PMCID: PMC11018318 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2283953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported increased glucose transporters (GLUT) expression in different cancer types, including breast cancer. The primary purpose of this study is to examine GLUT1 immunoexpression in breast cancer patients in Saudi Arabia and to determine its significance. The study examined the association between GLUT1 immunophenotype and the clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancer. GLUT1 expression was analyzed in retrospectively collected tissue samples (n = 578) from breast cancer patients using immunohistochemistry. A total of 311 (54%) of the cases expressed GLUT1 cytoplasmic immunohistochemical staining. In univariate analysis, we found a significant association between GLUT1 expression and high-grade tumors (p < 0.0001). Positive estrogen and progesterone receptor results predicted lower GLUT1 immunoexpression (p < 0.0001 for both). Vascular invasion showed a significant association with GLUT1 immunoexpression (p = 0.045). Our findings support that GLUT1 immunohistochemistry can be used as a marker to determine the grade and hormonal receptor status in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehenaz Hanbazazh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhadi Samman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Samargandy
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaudah Al-Maghrabi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Abubakar S, More S, Tag N, Olabinjo A, Isah A, Lawal I. Differences in Tumour Aggressiveness Based on Molecular Subtype and Race Measured by [ 18F]FDG PET Metabolic Metrics in Patients with Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2059. [PMID: 37370954 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13122059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer in women of African descent tends to be more aggressive with poorer prognosis. This is irrespective of the molecular subtype. [18F]FDG PET/CT metrics correlate with breast cancer aggressiveness based on molecular subtype. This study investigated the differences in [18F]FDG PET/CT metrics of locally advanced invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) among different racial groups and molecular subtypes. Qualitative and semiquantitative readings of [18F]FDG PET/CT acquired in women with locally advanced IDC were performed. Biodata including self-identified racial grouping and histopathological data of the primary breast cancer were retrieved. Statistical analysis for differences in SUVmax, MTV and TLG of the primary tumour and the presence of regional and distant metastases was conducted based on molecular subtype and race. The primary tumour SUVmax, MTV, TLG and the prevalence of distant metastases were significantly higher in Black patients compared with other races (p < 0.05). The primary tumour SUVmax and presence of distant metastases in the luminal subtype and the primary tumour SUVmax and TLG in the basal subtype were significantly higher in Black patients compared with other races (p < 0.05). The significantly higher PET parameters in Black patients with IDC in general and in those with luminal and basal carcinoma subtypes suggest a more aggressive disease phenotype in this race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiullah Abubakar
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Stuart More
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - Naima Tag
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Afusat Olabinjo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Armed Forces Hospital, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Ahmed Isah
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Hospital, Abuja 90001, Nigeria
| | - Ismaheel Lawal
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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5
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Chen S, Paul MR, Sterner CJ, Belka GK, Wang D, Xu P, Sreekumar A, Pan TC, Pant DK, Makhlin I, DeMichele A, Mesaros C, Chodosh LA. PAQR8 promotes breast cancer recurrence and confers resistance to multiple therapies. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:1. [PMID: 36597146 PMCID: PMC9811758 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer mortality is principally due to recurrent disease that becomes resistant to therapy. We recently identified copy number (CN) gain of the putative membrane progesterone receptor PAQR8 as one of four focal CN alterations that preferentially occurred in recurrent metastatic tumors compared to primary tumors in breast cancer patients. Whether PAQR8 plays a functional role in cancer is unknown. Notably, PAQR8 CN gain in recurrent tumors was mutually exclusive with activating ESR1 mutations in patients treated with anti-estrogen therapies and occurred in > 50% of both patients treated with anti-estrogen therapies and those treated with chemotherapy or anti-Her2 agents. METHODS We used orthotopic mouse models to determine whether PAQR8 overexpression or deletion alters breast cancer dormancy or recurrence following therapy. In vitro studies, including assays for colony formation, cell viability, and relative cell fitness, were employed to identify effects of PAQR8 in the context of therapy. Cell survival and proliferation were quantified by immunofluorescence staining for markers of apoptosis and proliferation. Sphingolipids were quantified by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. RESULTS We show that PAQR8 is necessary and sufficient for efficient mammary tumor recurrence in mice, spontaneously upregulated and CN gained in recurrent tumors that arise following therapy in multiple mouse models, and associated with poor survival following recurrence as well as poor overall survival in breast cancer patients. PAQR8 promoted resistance to therapy by enhancing tumor cell survival following estrogen receptor pathway inhibition by fulvestrant or estrogen deprivation, Her2 pathway blockade by lapatinib or Her2 downregulation, and treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. Pro-survival effects of PAQR8 were mediated by a Gi protein-dependent reduction in cAMP levels, did not require progesterone, and involved a PAQR8-dependent decrease in ceramide levels and increase in sphingosine-1-phosphate levels, suggesting that PAQR8 may possess ceramidase activity. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide in vivo evidence that PAQR8 plays a functional role in cancer, implicate PAQR8, cAMP, and ceramide metabolism in breast cancer recurrence, and identify a novel mechanism that may commonly contribute to the acquisition of treatment resistance in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Chen
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Matt R. Paul
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Christopher J. Sterner
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - George K. Belka
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Peining Xu
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Amulya Sreekumar
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Tien-chi Pan
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dhruv K. Pant
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Igor Makhlin
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Angela DeMichele
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Lewis A. Chodosh
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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In vivo metabolic imaging identifies lipid vulnerability in a preclinical model of Her2+/Neu breast cancer residual disease and recurrence. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:111. [PMID: 36163365 PMCID: PMC9512922 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent cancer cells that evade therapy is a leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. This risk is high for women showing an overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2). Cells that persist can rely on different substrates for energy production relative to their primary tumor counterpart. Here, we characterize metabolic reprogramming related to tumor dormancy and recurrence in a doxycycline-induced Her2+/Neu model of breast cancer with varying times to recurrence using longitudinal fluorescence microscopy. Glucose uptake (2-NBDG) and mitochondrial membrane potential (TMRE) imaging metabolically phenotype mammary tumors as they transition to regression, dormancy, and recurrence. “Fast-recurrence” tumors (time to recurrence ~55 days), transition from glycolysis to mitochondrial metabolism during regression and this persists upon recurrence. “Slow-recurrence” tumors (time to recurrence ~100 days) rely on both glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism during recurrence. The increase in mitochondrial activity in fast-recurrence tumors is attributed to a switch from glucose to fatty acids as the primary energy source for mitochondrial metabolism. Consequently, when fast-recurrence tumors receive treatment with a fatty acid inhibitor, Etomoxir, tumors report an increase in glucose uptake and lipid synthesis during regression. Treatment with Etomoxir ultimately prolongs survival. We show that metabolic reprogramming reports on tumor recurrence characteristics, particularly at time points that are essential for actionable targets. The temporal characteristics of metabolic reprogramming will be critical in determining the use of an appropriate timing for potential therapies; namely, the notion that metabolic-targeted inhibition during regression reports long-term therapeutic benefit.
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7
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Jain S, Hu C, Kluza J, Ke W, Tian G, Giurgiu M, Bleilevens A, Campos AR, Charbono A, Stickeler E, Maurer J, Holinski-Feder E, Vaisburg A, Bureik M, Luo G, Marchetti P, Cheng Y, Wolf DA. Metabolic targeting of cancer by a ubiquinone uncompetitive inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 29:436-450.e15. [PMID: 34852219 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SMIP004-7 is a small molecule inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration with selective in vivo anti-cancer activity through an as-yet unknown molecular target. We demonstrate here that SMIP004-7 targets drug-resistant cancer cells with stem-like features by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, complex I [CI]). Instead of affecting the quinone-binding site targeted by most CI inhibitors, SMIP004-7 and its cytochrome P450-dependent activated metabolite(s) have an uncompetitive mechanism of inhibition involving a distinct N-terminal region of catalytic subunit NDUFS2 that leads to rapid disassembly of CI. SMIP004-7 and an improved chemical analog selectively engage NDUFS2 in vivo to inhibit the growth of triple-negative breast cancer transplants, a response mediated at least in part by boosting CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-mediated immune surveillance. Thus, SMIP004-7 defines an emerging class of ubiquinone uncompetitive CI inhibitors for cell autonomous and microenvironmental metabolic targeting of mitochondrial respiration in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Jain
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92024, USA
| | - Cheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Jerome Kluza
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, UMR9020 - UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Wei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Guiyou Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Andreas Bleilevens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Adriana Charbono
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92024, USA
| | - Elmar Stickeler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Maurer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elke Holinski-Feder
- MGZ Medical Genetics Center Munich, 80335 Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Arkadii Vaisburg
- Crocus Laboratories Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada; NuChem Sciences Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthias Bureik
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangcheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Philippe Marchetti
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, UMR9020 - UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France; Centre de Bio-Pathologie, Banque de Tissus, CHU of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Yabin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen, China.
| | - Dieter A Wolf
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen, China; MGZ Medical Genetics Center Munich, 80335 Munich, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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8
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Yang JW, Yuan LL, Gao Y, Liu XS, Wang YJ, Zhou LM, Kui XY, Li XH, Ke CB, Pei ZJ. 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters correlate with EIF2S2 expression status in colorectal cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:5838-5847. [PMID: 34475997 PMCID: PMC8408126 DOI: 10.7150/jca.57926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We sought to investigate whether the expression of the gene EIF2S2 is related to 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and methods: The expression of EIF2S2 in CRC and its relationship with clinicopathological features were obtained through the ONCOMINE, UALCAN and GEPIA databases. EIF2S2 and GLUT1 expression were examined by immunohistochemistry in 42 CRC patients undergoing preoperative PET-CT examination. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between EIF2S2 and GLUT1 levels and clinical parameters. Correlation analysis between EIF2S2 and Reactome-Glycolysis signatures was performed using GEPIA2. We describe the effect of EIF2S2 knockdown on lactate production and the mRNA levels of glycolysis-related genes in human colon cancer SW480 cells. Results: Immunohistochemistry revealed an upregulation of EIF2S2 protein expression in tumor tissues of colorectal cancer patients, which is consistent with the significant upregulation of EIF2S2 transcript levels in the database. These colorectal cancer patients included 24 cases of colon cancer and 18 cases of rectal cancer, ranging in age from 31 to 78 years. The transcription was significantly related to histological subtypes and TP53 mutations (P <0.05). The value of SUVmax in CRC significantly correlated with the expression of EIF2S2 (rho = 0.462, P <0.01). Although SUVmax and SUVmean was not correlate with the expression of GLUT1 (P <0.05), a significant correlation was observed between the expression of GLUT1 and the volumetric PET parameters, such as MTV and TLG (P < 0.01). GLUT1 expression in CRC was positively correlated with EIF2S2 status (rho = 0.470, P <0.01). In SW480 cells, RNAi-mediated depletion of EIF2S2 inhibited lactic acid production (P <0.05) and SLC2A1, SLC2A3, SLC2A10, HK2, PKM2, LDHA mRNA level (P <0.01). Conclusions: Primary CRC FDG uptake is strongly associated with the overexpression of EIF2S2, and EIF2S2 may promote glycolysis in CRC by mediating GLUT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Yang
- Postgraduate Training Basement of Jinzhou Medical University, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Lu-Meng Zhou
- Postgraduate Training Basement of Jinzhou Medical University, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Yan Kui
- Postgraduate Training Basement of Jinzhou Medical University, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chang-Bin Ke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Postgraduate Training Basement of Jinzhou Medical University, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of WudangLocal Chinese Medicine Research, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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9
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Multiple Myeloma and Hyperlipidemia - coincidence or related? J Clin Lipidol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Nayak A, Dutta M, Roychowdhury A. Emerging oncogene ATAD2: Signaling cascades and therapeutic initiatives. Life Sci 2021; 276:119322. [PMID: 33711386 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ATAD2 is a promising oncoprotein with tumor-promoting functions in many cancers. It is a valid cancer drug-target and a potential cancer-biomarker for multiple malignancies. As a cancer/testis antigen (CTA), ATAD2 could also be a probable candidate for immunotherapy. It is a unique CTA that belongs to both AAA+ ATPase and bromodomain family proteins. Since 2007, several research groups have been reported on the pleiotropic oncogenic functions of ATAD2 in diverse signaling pathways, including Rb/E2F-cMyc pathway, steroid hormone signaling pathway, p53 and p38-MAPK-mediated apoptotic pathway, AKT pathway, hedgehog signaling pathway, HIF1α signaling pathway, and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) pathway in various cancers. In all these pathways, ATAD2 participates in chromatin dynamics, DNA replication, and gene transcription, demonstrating its role as an epigenetic reader and transcription factor or coactivator to promote tumorigenesis. However, despite the progress, an overall mechanism of ATAD2-mediated oncogenesis in diverse origin is elusive. In this review, we summarize the accumulated evidence to envision the overall ATAD2 signaling networks during carcinogenesis and highlight the area where missing links await further research. Besides, the structure-function aspect of ATAD2 is also discussed. Since the efforts have already been initiated to explore targeted drug molecules and RNA-based therapeutic alternatives against ATAD2, their potency and prospects have been elucidated. Together, we believe this is a well-rounded review on ATAD2, facilitating a new drift in ATAD2 research, essential for its clinical implication as a biomarker and/or cancer drug-target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Nayak
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Madhuri Dutta
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Anasuya Roychowdhury
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India.
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11
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Binderup T, Knigge U, Johnbeck CB, Loft A, Berthelsen AK, Oturai P, Mortensen J, Federspiel B, Langer SW, Kjaer A. 18F-FDG PET is Superior to WHO Grading as a Prognostic Tool in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Useful in Guiding PRRT: A Prospective 10-Year Follow-up Study. J Nucl Med 2020; 62:808-815. [PMID: 33067340 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.244798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate grading of patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is essential for risk stratification and optimal choice of therapy. Currently, grading is based on histologically assessed degree of tumor proliferation. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET imaging for risk stratification of NENs and compare it with tumor grading (World Health Organization 2010 classification). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study evaluating the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET imaging and compared it with histologic grading. Enrolled were 166 patients of all grades and with histologically confirmed NENs of gastroenteropancreatic origin. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Progression-free survival (PFS) was a secondary endpoint. In addition, OS in relation to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) was analyzed as an exploratory endpoint. The median follow-up time was 9.8 y. Results: Analysis of the whole cohort revealed that a positive 18F-FDG PET scan was associated with a shorter OS than a negative 18F-FDG PET scan (hazard ratio: 3.8; 95% CI: 2.4-5.9; P < 0.001). In G1 and G2 patients (n = 140), a positive 18F-FDG PET scan was the only identifier of high risk for death (hazard ratio: 3.6; 95% CI, 2.2-5.9; P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, 18F-FDG PET, G3 tumor, ≥2 liver metastases, and ≥2 prior therapies were independent prognostic factors for OS, and 18F-FDG PET, G3 tumor, and ≥3 liver metastases were independent prognostic factors for PFS. For patients receiving PRRT, 18F-FDG-negative cases had a significantly longer survival than 18F-FDG-positive cases, whereas no difference was identified for tumor grading. 18F-FDG-positive patients receiving PRRT had a significantly longer median survival than patients not receiving PRRT (4.4 vs. 1.4 y, P = 0.001), whereas no difference was seen for 18F-FDG-negative patients. Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET is useful for risk stratification of all NEN grades and is superior to histologic grading. 18F-FDG PET could differentiate G1 and G2 tumors into low- and high-risk groups. In the selection of therapy and for risk stratification of NEN patients, 18F-FDG PET status should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Binderup
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Knigge
- European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Bardram Johnbeck
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annika Loft
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Kiil Berthelsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Oturai
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jann Mortensen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Federspiel
- European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Seppo W Langer
- European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark .,European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society Center of Excellence, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Nguyen A, Ramesh A, Kumar S, Nandi D, Brouillard A, Wells A, Pobezinsky L, Osborne B, Kulkarni AA. Granzyme B nanoreporter for early monitoring of tumor response to immunotherapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/40/eabc2777. [PMID: 33008894 PMCID: PMC7852386 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc2777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy, accurate monitoring of its efficacy is challenging due to heterogeneous immune responses. Conventional imaging techniques lack the sensitivity and specificity for early response assessment. In this study, we designed a granzyme B (GrB) nanoreporter (GNR) that can deliver an immune checkpoint inhibitor to the tumor and track time-sensitive GrB activity as a direct way to monitor initiation of effective immune responses. Anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody-conjugated GNRs inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 interactions efficiently and induced T cell-mediated GrB release that can be imaged using activatable imaging probe. GNRs enabled real-time immunotherapy response monitoring in a tumor-bearing mice model and distinguished between highly responsive and poorly responsive tumors. Furthermore, increasing doses resulted in a better response and enhanced sensitivity in poorly responsive tumors. These findings indicate that GNR has the potential to serve as a tool for sensitive and noninvasive evaluation of immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Anujan Ramesh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sahana Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Dipika Nandi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Anthony Brouillard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Alexandria Wells
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Leonid Pobezinsky
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Barbara Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Ashish A Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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13
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Zhao Z, Hu Y, Li J, Zhou Y, Zhang B, Deng S. Applications of PET in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Leukemia. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820956993. [PMID: 32875963 PMCID: PMC7476341 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820956993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a malignant hematopoietic stem cell disease, leukemia remains life-threatening due to its increasing incidence rate and mortality rate. Therefore, its early diagnosis and treatment play a very important role. In the present work, we systematically reviewed the current applications and future directions of positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with leukemia, especially 18F-FDG PET/CT. As a useful imaging approach, PET significantly contributes to the diagnosis and treatment of different types of leukemia, especially in the evaluation of extramedullary infiltration, monitoring of leukemia relapse, detection of Richter’s transformation (RT), and assessment of the inflammatory activity associated with acute graft versus host disease. Future investigations should be focused on the potential of PET/CT in the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with leukemia and the utility of novel radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jihui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yeye Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengming Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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PET Imaging of l-Type Amino Acid Transporter (LAT1) and Cystine-Glutamate Antiporter (xc−) with [18F]FDOPA and [18F]FSPG in Breast Cancer Models. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 22:1562-1571. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Perkons NR, Johnson O, Pilla G, Profka E, Mercadante M, Ackerman D, Gade TPF. Functional Genetic Screening Enables Theranostic Molecular Imaging in Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:4581-4589. [PMID: 32499234 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeted therapies for cancer have accelerated the need for functional imaging strategies that inform therapeutic efficacy. This study assesses the potential of functional genetic screening to integrate therapeutic target identification with imaging probe selection through a proof-of-principle characterization of a therapy-probe pair using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CRISPR-negative selection screens from a public dataset were used to identify the relative dependence of 625 cancer cell lines on 18,333 genes. Follow-up screening was performed in hepatocellular carcinoma with a focused CRISPR library targeting imaging-related genes. Hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate was injected before and after lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor (LDHi) administration in male Wistar rats with autochthonous hepatocellular carcinoma. MRSI evaluated intratumoral pyruvate metabolism, while T2-weighted segmentations quantified tumor growth. RESULTS Genetic screening data identified differential metabolic vulnerabilities in 17 unique cancer types that could be imaged with existing probes. Among these, hepatocellular carcinoma required lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for growth more than the 29 other cancer types in this database. LDH inhibition led to a decrease in lactate generation (P < 0.001) and precipitated dose-dependent growth inhibition (P < 0.01 overall, P < 0.05 for dose dependence). Intratumoral alanine production after inhibition predicted the degree of growth reduction (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that DNP-MRSI of LDH activity using hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate is a theranostic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma, enabling quantification of intratumoral LDHi pharmacodynamics and therapeutic efficacy prediction. This work lays the foundation for a novel theranostic platform wherein functional genetic screening informs imaging probe selection to quantify therapeutic efficacy on a cancer-by-cancer basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Perkons
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Omar Johnson
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gabrielle Pilla
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Enri Profka
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Mercadante
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel Ackerman
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Terence P F Gade
- Penn Image Guided Interventions Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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16
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Adenine Nucleotide Translocase 2 as an Enzyme Related to [ 18F] FDG Accumulation in Various Cancers. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:722-730. [PMID: 30225759 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) are known as major proteins involved in the molecular mechanisms for accumulating 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) in cancer cells, sometimes, [18F] FDG accumulation cannot be explained by the expression of these two proteins. We investigated the involvement of adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2), which catalyzes ADP/ATP exchange at the mitochondrial inner membrane, in [18F] FDG accumulation. PROCEDURES ANT2 expression was evaluated in various cancer cell lines and human cancer tissues (microarrays) using western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, respectively. The expression levels of ANT2 were compared to [18F] FDG accumulation and pathologic findings, including differentiation grade. Additionally, we modulated ANT2 expression levels using ANT2 siRNA and an ANT2 expression vector in cancer cells and murine xenografted tumors. RESULTS [18F] FDG accumulation correlated with ANT2 expression in various cancer cell lines; this was not explained by GLUT1 and/or HK2 expression. At both the cell and tissue levels, ANT2 expression was high in less-differentiated or more malignant type of cancers. [18F] FDG accumulation changed according to the modulation of the ANT2 expression level. CONCLUSION In various cancer cells and tissues, the expression levels of ANT2 explained [18F] FDG accumulation better than those of GLUT1 and HK2. ANT2 can be used as a marker of dedifferentiated pathology and aggressiveness of cancer.
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17
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Sun T, Du B, Diao Y, Li X, Chen S, Li Y. ATAD2 expression increases [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake value in lung adenocarcinoma via AKT-GLUT1/HK2 pathway. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 31186081 PMCID: PMC6675242 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.7.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging has been widely used in the diagnosis of malignant tumors. ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 2 (ATAD2) plays important roles in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. However, the relationship between [18F]FDG accumulation and ATAD2 expression remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between ATAD2 expression and [18F]FDG uptake in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that ATAD2 expression was positively correlated with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) expression and hexokinase2 (HK2) expression in LUAD tissues. In addition, ATAD2 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, tumorigenicity, migration, [18F]FDG uptake and lactate production of LUAD cells, while, ATAD2 overexpression exhibited the opposite effects. Furthermore, ATAD2 modulated the glycometabolism of LUAD via AKT-GLUT1/HK2 pathway, as assessed using LY294002 (an inhibitor of PI3K/AKT pathway). In summary, to explore the correlation between ATAD2 expression and glycometabolism is expected to bring good news for anti-energy metabolism therapy of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The first Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Bulin Du
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The first Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yao Diao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The first Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Xuena Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The first Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The first Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The first Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110001, China
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18
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Krys D, Hamann I, Wuest M, Wuest F. Effect of hypoxia on human equilibrative nucleoside transporters hENT1 and hENT2 in breast cancer. FASEB J 2019; 33:13837-13851. [PMID: 31601121 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900870rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Elevated proliferation rates in cancer can be visualized with positron emission tomography (PET) using 3'-deoxy-3'-l-[18F]fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT). This study investigates whether [18F]FLT transport proteins are regulated through hypoxia. Expression and function of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT)-1, hENT2, and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) were studied under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and assessed with [18F]FLT-PET in estrogen receptor positive (ER+)-MCF7, triple-negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer (BC) cells, and MCF10A cells (human mammary epithelial cells). Functional involvement of hENT2 [18F]FLT transport was demonstrated in all cell lines. In vitro [18F]FLT uptake was higher in MDA-MB231 than in MCF7: 242 ± 9 vs. 147 ± 18% radioactivity/mg protein after 60 min under normoxia. Hypoxia showed no significant change in radiotracer uptake. Protein analysis revealed increased hENT1 (P < 0.0963) in MDA-MB231. Hypoxia did not change expression of either hENT1, hENT2, or TK1. In vitro inhibition experiments suggested involvement of hENT1, hENT2, and human concentrative nucleoside transporters during [18F]FLT uptake into all cell lines. In vivo PET imaging revealed comparable tumor uptake in MCF7 and MDA-MB231 tumors over 60 min, reaching standardized uptake values of 0.96 ± 0.05 vs. 0.89 ± 0.08 (n = 3). Higher hENT1 expression in MDA-MB231 seems to drive nucleoside transport, whereas TK1 expression in MCF7 seems responsible for comparable [18F]FLT retention in ER+ tumors. Our study demonstrates that hypoxia does not significantly affect nucleoside transport as tested with [18F]FLT in BC.-Krys, D., Hamann, I., Wuest, M., Wuest, F. Effect of hypoxia on human equilibrative nucleoside transporters hENT1 and hENT2 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krys
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ingrit Hamann
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Melinda Wuest
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Miao Y, Zhang LF, Zhang M, Guo R, Liu MF, Li B. Therapeutic Delivery of miR-143 Targeting Tumor Metabolism in Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Xenografts and Efficacy Evaluation Using 18F-FDG MicroPET-CT. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 30:882-892. [PMID: 30848162 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma cells tend to be more aggressive and show enhanced glucose uptake which could be exploited for anti-cancer strategy. Previously, we identified hexokinase 2 (HK2) as a direct target of miR-143. In our current study, the effects of miR-143 on glucose metabolism and tumor biological behavior were investigated in FTC-133 cells which is a poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC). Additionally, tumor-bearing mice xenografts of PDTC were constructed, with encapsulated miR-143 agomir being administered intravenously. 18F-FDG microPET-CT scanning was used for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. The tumor-restrained effect of miR-143 was demonstrated in PDTC. Furthermore, microPET/CT imaging exhibited a reduction of 18F-FDG uptake in tumors, corresponding to the downregulated expression of HK2 in tissues. In summary, our results suggest that miR-143 can be an alternative treatment for PDTC and the specific assessment of therapeutic response to miR-143 can be achieved by 18F-FDG microPET/CT in advanced thyroid carcinoma xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Miao
- 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Fei Zhang
- 2Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China
- 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Guo
- 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo-Fang Liu
- 2Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China
- 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- 4School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Li
- 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Yang H, Zhong JT, Zhou SH, Han HM. Roles of GLUT-1 and HK-II expression in the biological behavior of head and neck cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3066-3083. [PMID: 31105886 PMCID: PMC6508962 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect plays an important role in the proliferation and invasion of malignant tumors. Glucose transporter 1 and hexokinase II are two key energy transporters involved in mediating the Warburg effect. This review will analyze the mechanisms of these two markers in their effects on the biological behavior of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.,Present Address: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The People's Hospital of Jiangshan City, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, 324100, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Zhong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - He-Ming Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
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21
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Madonna MC, Fox DB, Crouch BT, Lee J, Zhu C, Martinez AF, Alvarez JV, Ramanujam N. Optical Imaging of Glucose Uptake and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential to Characterize Her2 Breast Tumor Metabolic Phenotypes. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1545-1555. [PMID: 30902832 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the large number of women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer each year, the importance of studying recurrence has become evident due to most deaths from breast cancer resulting from tumor recurrence following therapy. To mitigate this, cellular and molecular pathways used by residual disease prior to recurrence must be studied. An altered metabolism has long been considered a hallmark of cancer, and several recent studies have gone further to report metabolic dysfunction and alterations as key to understanding the underlying behavior of dormant and recurrent cancer cells. Our group has used two probes, 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diaxol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) and tetramethyl rhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE), to image glucose uptake and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively, to report changes in metabolism between primary tumors, regression, residual disease, and after regrowth in genetically engineered mouse (GEM)-derived mammospheres. Imaging revealed unique metabolic phenotypes across the stages of tumor development. Although primary mammospheres overexpressing Her2 maintained increased glucose uptake ("Warburg effect"), after Her2 downregulation, during regression and residual disease, mammospheres appeared to switch to oxidative phosphorylation. Interestingly, in mammospheres where Her2 overexpression was turned back on to model recurrence, glucose uptake was lowest, indicating a potential change in substrate preference following the reactivation of Her2, reeliciting growth. Our findings highlight the importance of imaging metabolic adaptions to gain insight into the fundamental behaviors of residual and recurrent disease. IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates these functional fluorescent probes' ability to report metabolic adaptations during primary tumor growth, regression, residual disease, and regrowth in Her2 breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Madonna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Douglas B Fox
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brian T Crouch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jihong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Caigang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Amy F Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - James V Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nirmala Ramanujam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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22
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Masarwi M, DeSchiffart A, Ham J, Reagan MR. Multiple Myeloma and Fatty Acid Metabolism. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10173. [PMID: 30918920 PMCID: PMC6419611 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 13% to 15% of all blood cancers1 and is characterized by the proliferation of malignant cells within the bone marrow (BM). Despite important advances in treatment, most patients become refractory and relapse with the disease. As MM tumors grow in the BM, they disrupt hematopoiesis, create monoclonal protein spikes in the blood, initiate systemic organ and immune system shutdown,2 and induce painful osteolytic lesions caused by overactive osteoclasts and inhibited osteoblasts.3, 4 MM cells are also extremely dependent on the BM niche, and targeting the BM niche has been clinically transformative for inhibiting the positive-feedback "vicious cycle" between MM cells and osteoclasts that leads to bone resorption and tumor proliferation.5, 6, 7, 8 Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are dynamic, secretory cells that have complex effects on osteoblasts and tumor cells, but their role in modifying the MM cell phenotype is relatively unexplored.9, 10, 11, 12, 13 Given their active endocrine function, capacity for direct cell-cell communication, correlation with aging and obesity (both MM risk factors), potential roles in bone disease, and physical proximity to MM cells, it appears that BMAs support MM cells.14, 15, 16, 17 This supposition is based on research from many laboratories, including our own. Therapeutically targeting the BMA may prove to be equally transformative in the clinic if the pathways through which BMAs affect MM cells can be determined. In this review, we discuss the potential for BMAs to provide free fatty acids to myeloma cells to support their growth and evolution. We highlight certain proteins in MM cells responsible for fatty acid uptake and oxidation and discuss the potential for therapeutically targeting fatty acid metabolism or BMAs from where they may be derived. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi Masarwi
- Center for Molecular Medicine Maine Medical Center Research Institute Scarborough ME USA
| | - Abigail DeSchiffart
- Center for Molecular Medicine Maine Medical Center Research Institute Scarborough ME USA
| | - Justin Ham
- Center for Molecular Medicine Maine Medical Center Research Institute Scarborough ME USA
| | - Michaela R Reagan
- Center for Molecular Medicine Maine Medical Center Research Institute Scarborough ME USA.,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering Orono ME USA.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences Tufts University Boston MA USA
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23
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Cox AG, Tsomides A, Yimlamai D, Hwang KL, Miesfeld J, Galli GG, Fowl BH, Fort M, Ma KY, Sullivan MR, Hosios AM, Snay E, Yuan M, Brown KK, Lien EC, Chhangawala S, Steinhauser ML, Asara JM, Houvras Y, Link B, Vander Heiden MG, Camargo FD, Goessling W. Yap regulates glucose utilization and sustains nucleotide synthesis to enable organ growth. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.2018100294. [PMID: 30348863 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway and its nuclear effector Yap regulate organ size and cancer formation. While many modulators of Hippo activity have been identified, little is known about the Yap target genes that mediate these growth effects. Here, we show that yap -/- mutant zebrafish exhibit defects in hepatic progenitor potential and liver growth due to impaired glucose transport and nucleotide biosynthesis. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal that Yap regulates expression of glucose transporter glut1, causing decreased glucose uptake and use for nucleotide biosynthesis in yap -/- mutants, and impaired glucose tolerance in adults. Nucleotide supplementation improves Yap deficiency phenotypes, indicating functional importance of glucose-fueled nucleotide biosynthesis. Yap-regulated glut1 expression and glucose uptake are conserved in mammals, suggesting that stimulation of anabolic glucose metabolism is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which the Hippo pathway controls organ growth. Together, our results reveal a central role for Hippo signaling in glucose metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Cox
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison Tsomides
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie L Hwang
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Giorgio G Galli
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brendan H Fowl
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Fort
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Y Ma
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark R Sullivan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron M Hosios
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Erin Snay
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Yuan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristin K Brown
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan C Lien
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sagar Chhangawala
- Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yariv Houvras
- Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian Link
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Pantel AR, Ackerman D, Lee SC, Mankoff DA, Gade TP. Imaging Cancer Metabolism: Underlying Biology and Emerging Strategies. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1340-1349. [PMID: 30042161 PMCID: PMC6126440 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.199869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated cellular metabolism is a characteristic feature of malignancy that has been exploited for both imaging and targeted therapy. With regard to imaging, deranged glucose metabolism has been leveraged using 18F-FDG PET. Metabolic imaging with 18F-FDG, however, probes only the early steps of glycolysis; the complexities of metabolism beyond these early steps in this single pathway are not directly captured. New imaging technologies-both PET with novel radiotracers and MR-based methods-provide unique opportunities to investigate other aspects of cellular metabolism and expand the metabolic imaging armamentarium. This review will discuss the underlying biology of metabolic dysregulation in cancer, focusing on glucose, glutamine, and acetate metabolism. Novel imaging strategies will be discussed within this biologic framework, highlighting particular strengths and limitations of each technique. Emphasis is placed on the role that combining modalities will play in enabling multiparametric imaging to fully characterize tumor biology to better inform treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin R Pantel
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel Ackerman
- Penn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Seung-Cheol Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Mankoff
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Terence P Gade
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania .,Penn Image-Guided Interventions Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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25
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Kasahara N, Kaira K, Bao P, Higuchi T, Arisaka Y, Erkhem-Ochir B, Sunaga N, Ohtaki Y, Yajima T, Kosaka T, Oyama T, Yokobori T, Asao T, Nishiyama M, Tsushima Y, Kuwano H, Shimizu K, Mogi A. Correlation of tumor-related immunity with 18F-FDG-PET in pulmonary squamous-cell carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2018; 119:71-77. [PMID: 29656756 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 2-Deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-d-glucose with positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) is a clinically useful tool for cancer evaluation. 18F-FDG accumulation in tumor cells is known to be correlated with the presence of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Although anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody treatments have been approved, no suitable predictor of significant responders has been identified. Based on the existing information, we investigated the relationship between tumor immunity (including PD-L1) and 18F-FDG uptake in patients with surgically resected pulmonary squamous-cell carcinoma (SQC). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 167 patients (153 men and 14 women) with SQC who underwent 18F-FDG PET. Tumor sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for GLUT1, HIF-1α, PD-L1, CD4, CD8, and Foxp3. The relationship between clinicopathological features and 18F-FDG uptake was analyzed. Student's t-test, the χ2 test, non-parametric Spearman's rank test and the Kaplan-Meier method were used to show associations between variables. RESULTS The rate of positive PD-L1 expression was 79% (132/167), and PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with GLUT1 (P < 0.01), HIF-1α (P < 10-4), and CD8 (P < 1 × 10-3) expression. The SUVmax of 18F-FDG was significantly correlated with PD-L1 (P = 0.02) and GLUT1 (P < 0.01) expression. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that advanced stage, elevated PD-L1 expression, and elevated SUVmax were independent prognostic factors for predicting poor OS. Among patients with a high SUVmax, multivariate analysis confirmed that advanced stage and high PD-L1 expression were independent prognostic factors for poor OS; however, there was no significant difference among patients with a low SUVmax. CONCLUSION High SUVmax on 18F-FDG-PET is associated with PD-L1 expression but is an independent prognostic factor for OS in our population of surgically resected pulmonary squamous-cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Kasahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Kaira
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Pinjie Bao
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yukiko Arisaka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Bilguun Erkhem-Ochir
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sunaga
- Oncology Center, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohtaki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yajima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kosaka
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Research Program for Omics-based Medical Science, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asao
- Big Data Center for Integrative Analysis, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Shimizu
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Akira Mogi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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26
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Son SW, Kim SH, Moon EY, Kim DH, Pyo S, Um SH. Prognostic significance and function of the vacuolar H+-ATPase subunit V1E1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49334-49348. [PMID: 27384996 PMCID: PMC5226512 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a hetero-multimeric ATP-driven proton pump has recently emerged as a critical regulator of mTOR-induced amino acid sensing for cell growth. Although dysregulated activity of cell growth regulators is often associated with cancer, the prognostic significance and metabolic roles of V-ATPase in esophageal cancer progression remain unclear. Here, we show that high levels of V-ATPase subunit V1E1 (V-ATPase V1E1) were significantly associated with shortened disease-free survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Multivariate analysis identified the V-ATPase V1E1 as an independent adverse prognostic factor (hazard ratio;1.748, P = 0.018). In addition, depletion of V-ATPase V1E1 resulted in reduced cell motility, decreased glucose uptake, diminished levels of lactate, and decreased ATP production, as well as inhibition of glycolytic enzyme expression in TE8 esophageal cancer cells. Consistent with these results, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed a high frequency of copy number alterations of the V-ATPase V1E1 gene, and identified a correlation between levels of V-ATPase V1E1 mRNA and Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) in ESCC. High expression levels of both V-ATPase V1E1 and phosphorylated PKM2 (p-PKM2), a key player in cancer metabolism, were associated with poorer prognosis in ESCC. Collectively, our findings suggest that expression of the V-ATPase V1E1 has prognostic significance in ESCC, and is closely linked to migration, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis in esophageal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Wook Son
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Eun-Yi Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Suhkneung Pyo
- Division of Immunopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Um
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea
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27
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Melone MAB, Valentino A, Margarucci S, Galderisi U, Giordano A, Peluso G. The carnitine system and cancer metabolic plasticity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:228. [PMID: 29445084 PMCID: PMC5833840 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility describes the ability of cells to respond or adapt its metabolism to support and enable rapid proliferation, continuous growth, and survival in hostile conditions. This dynamic character of the cellular metabolic network appears enhanced in cancer cells, in order to increase the adaptive phenotype and to maintain both viability and uncontrolled proliferation. Cancer cells can reprogram their metabolism to satisfy the energy as well as the biosynthetic intermediate request and to preserve their integrity from the harsh and hypoxic environment. Although several studies now recognize these reprogrammed activities as hallmarks of cancer, it remains unclear which are the pathways involved in regulating metabolic plasticity. Recent findings have suggested that carnitine system (CS) could be considered as a gridlock to finely trigger the metabolic flexibility of cancer cells. Indeed, the components of this system are involved in the bi-directional transport of acyl moieties from cytosol to mitochondria and vice versa, thus playing a fundamental role in tuning the switch between the glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Therefore, the CS regulation, at both enzymatic and epigenetic levels, plays a pivotal role in tumors, suggesting new druggable pathways for prevention and treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences, and Aging, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Valentino
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences, and Aging, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, National Research Council, IBAF-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, National Research Council, IBAF-CNR, Naples, Italy.
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28
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Bailey DL, Pichler BJ, Gückel B, Antoch G, Barthel H, Bhujwalla ZM, Biskup S, Biswal S, Bitzer M, Boellaard R, Braren RF, Brendle C, Brindle K, Chiti A, la Fougère C, Gillies R, Goh V, Goyen M, Hacker M, Heukamp L, Knudsen GM, Krackhardt AM, Law I, Morris JC, Nikolaou K, Nuyts J, Ordonez AA, Pantel K, Quick HH, Riklund K, Sabri O, Sattler B, Troost EGC, Zaiss M, Zender L, Beyer T. Combined PET/MRI: Global Warming-Summary Report of the 6th International Workshop on PET/MRI, March 27-29, 2017, Tübingen, Germany. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:4-20. [PMID: 28971346 PMCID: PMC5775351 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1123-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 6th annual meeting to address key issues in positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was held again in Tübingen, Germany, from March 27 to 29, 2017. Over three days of invited plenary lectures, round table discussions and dialogue board deliberations, participants critically assessed the current state of PET/MRI, both clinically and as a research tool, and attempted to chart future directions. The meeting addressed the use of PET/MRI and workflows in oncology, neurosciences, infection, inflammation and chronic pain syndromes, as well as deeper discussions about how best to characterise the tumour microenvironment, optimise the complementary information available from PET and MRI, and how advanced data mining and bioinformatics, as well as information from liquid biomarkers (circulating tumour cells and nucleic acids) and pathology, can be integrated to give a more complete characterisation of disease phenotype. Some issues that have dominated previous meetings, such as the accuracy of MR-based attenuation correction (AC) of the PET scan, were finally put to rest as having been adequately addressed for the majority of clinical situations. Likewise, the ability to standardise PET systems for use in multicentre trials was confirmed, thus removing a perceived barrier to larger clinical imaging trials. The meeting openly questioned whether PET/MRI should, in all cases, be used as a whole-body imaging modality or whether in many circumstances it would best be employed to give an in-depth study of previously identified disease in a single organ or region. The meeting concluded that there is still much work to be done in the integration of data from different fields and in developing a common language for all stakeholders involved. In addition, the participants advocated joint training and education for individuals who engage in routine PET/MRI. It was agreed that PET/MRI can enhance our understanding of normal and disrupted biology, and we are in a position to describe the in vivo nature of disease processes, metabolism, evolution of cancer and the monitoring of response to pharmacological interventions and therapies. As such, PET/MRI is a key to advancing medicine and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Bailey
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - B J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Gückel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Antoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - H Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Z M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - S Biskup
- Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 23, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Biswal
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) and Bio-X, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Bitzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Boellaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R F Braren
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - C Brendle
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - A Chiti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - C la Fougère
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Gillies
- Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33621, USA
| | - V Goh
- Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals London, London, UK
| | - M Goyen
- GE Healthcare GmbH, Beethovenstrasse 239, Solingen, Germany
| | - M Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - G M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A M Krackhardt
- III. Medical Department, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - I Law
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J C Morris
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - K Nikolaou
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Nuyts
- Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A A Ordonez
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Pantel
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H H Quick
- High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MR Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - K Riklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - O Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - B Sattler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - E G C Troost
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty of Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Zaiss
- High Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Beyer
- QIMP Group, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering General Hospital Vienna, Medical University Vienna, 4L, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Crespo-Jara A, Redal-Peña MC, Martinez-Navarro EM, Sureda M, Fernandez-Morejon FJ, Garcia-Cases FJ, Manzano RG, Brugarolas A. A novel genomic signature predicting FDG uptake in diverse metastatic tumors. EJNMMI Res 2018; 8:4. [PMID: 29349517 PMCID: PMC5773462 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-017-0355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building a universal genomic signature predicting the intensity of FDG uptake in diverse metastatic tumors may allow us to understand better the biological processes underlying this phenomenon and their requirements of glucose uptake. METHODS A balanced training set (n = 71) of metastatic tumors including some of the most frequent histologies, with matched PET/CT quantification measurements and whole human genome gene expression microarrays, was used to build the signature. Selection of microarray features was carried out exclusively on the basis of their strong association with FDG uptake (as measured by SUVmean35) by means of univariate linear regression. A thorough bioinformatics study of these genes was performed, and multivariable models were built by fitting several state of the art regression techniques to the training set for comparison. RESULTS The 909 probes with the strongest association with the SUVmean35 (comprising 742 identifiable genes and 62 probes not matched to a symbol) were used to build the signature. Partial least squares using three components (PLS-3) was the best performing model in the training dataset cross-validation (root mean square error, RMSE = 0.443) and was validated further in an independent validation dataset (n = 13) obtaining a performance within the 95% CI of that obtained in the training dataset (RMSE = 0.645). Significantly overrepresented biological processes correlating with the SUVmean35 were identified beyond glycolysis, such as ribosome biogenesis and DNA replication (correlating with a higher SUVmean35) and cytoskeleton reorganization and autophagy (correlating with a lower SUVmean35). CONCLUSIONS PLS-3 is a signature predicting accurately the intensity of FDG uptake in diverse metastatic tumors. FDG-PET might help in the design of specific targeted therapies directed to counteract the identified malignant biological processes more likely activated in a tumor as inferred from the SUVmean35 and also from its variations in response to antineoplastic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Crespo-Jara
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Redal-Peña
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Maria Martinez-Navarro
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Sureda
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Jose Fernandez-Morejon
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Garcia-Cases
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ramon Gonzalez Manzano
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain. .,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Brugarolas
- Plataforma de Oncologia, Hospital Quironsalud Torrevieja, Pda. La Loma s/n, 03184, Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain.,Catedra Oncologia Multidisciplinar, Universidad Catolica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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30
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Damrauer JS, Phelps SN, Amuchastegui K, Lupo R, Mabe NW, Walens A, Kroger BR, Alvarez JV. Foxo-dependent Par-4 Upregulation Prevents Long-term Survival of Residual Cells Following PI3K-Akt Inhibition. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:599-609. [PMID: 29330285 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumor recurrence is a leading cause of death and is thought to arise from a population of residual cells that survive treatment. These residual cancer cells can persist, locally or at distant sites, for years or decades. Therefore, understanding the pathways that regulate residual cancer cell survival may suggest opportunities for targeting these cells to prevent recurrence. Previously, it was observed that the proapoptotic protein (PAWR/Par-4) negatively regulates residual cell survival and recurrence in mice and humans. However, the mechanistic underpinnings on how Par-4 expression is regulated are unclear. Here, it is demonstrated that Par-4 is transcriptionally upregulated following treatment with multiple drugs targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, and identify the Forkhead family of transcription factors as mediators of this upregulation. Mechanistically, Foxo3a directly binds to the Par-4 promoter and activates its transcription following inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway. This Foxo-dependent Par-4 upregulation limits the long-term survival of residual cells following treatment with therapeutics that target the PI3K-Akt pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that residual breast cancer tumor cell survival and recurrence requires circumventing Foxo-driven Par-4 upregulation and suggest that approaches to enforce Par-4 expression may prevent residual cell survival and recurrence. Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 599-609. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Damrauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephanie N Phelps
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Katie Amuchastegui
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ryan Lupo
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nathaniel W Mabe
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrea Walens
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Benjamin R Kroger
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - James V Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
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31
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Kaji K, Nishimura N, Seki K, Sato S, Saikawa S, Nakanishi K, Furukawa M, Kawaratani H, Kitade M, Moriya K, Namisaki T, Yoshiji H. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin attenuates liver cancer cell growth and angiogenic activity by inhibiting glucose uptake. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1712-1722. [PMID: 29205334 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) comprise a new class of antidiabetic agents that inhibit glucose reabsorption in the renal proximal tubules. Although a recent report demonstrated the potential ability of SGLT2-Is to attenuate cancer growth of SGLT2-expressing cancer cells, little is known about the effects of SGLT2-Is on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we investigate the anti-cancer properties of a SGLT2-I, canagliflozin, against human liver cancer cells. SGTL2 mRNA and protein expression were detected in Huh7 and HepG2 cells, although not in HLE as well as primary human hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells. Canagliflozin exerted antiproliferative effects on SGLT2-expressing Huh7 and HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting glycolytic metabolism including glucose uptake, lactate and intracellular ATP production. This agent also induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis with inhibited phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and AKT and cleavage of caspase3. Xenograft tumor growth assay showed that oral administration of canagliflozin (10 mg/kg/day) significantly reduced subcutaneous tumor burdens in a glycemic status-independent manner, and attenuated intratumor vascularization in Huh7- and HepG2-derived xenograft tumors in BALB/c nude mice. In vitro, canagliflozin suppressed the increased human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and tubular formation which were observed in Huh7 or HepG2 co-cultures. By contrast, canagliflozin had no effect on tumor growth and intratumor angiogenesis in SGLT2-null HLE-derived xenograft models. These results indicate that SGLT2-I therapy is a potential new strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kaji
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Norihisa Nishimura
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Seki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shinya Sato
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Soichiro Saikawa
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakanishi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masanori Furukawa
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hideto Kawaratani
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Kitade
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kei Moriya
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Namisaki
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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32
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Zhong JT, Zhou SH. Warburg effect, hexokinase-II, and radioresistance of laryngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14133-14146. [PMID: 27823965 PMCID: PMC5355168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is now widely used as a part of multidisciplinary treatment approaches for advanced laryngeal carcinoma and preservation of laryngeal function. However, the mechanism of the radioresistance is still unclear. Some studies have revealed that the Warburg effect promotes the radioresistance of various malignant tumors, including laryngeal carcinoma. Among the regulators involved in the Warburg effect, hexokinase-II (HK-II) is a crucial glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the first essential step of glucose metabolism. HK-II is reportedly highly expressed in some human solid carcinomas by many studies. But for laryngeal carcinoma, there is only one. Till now, no studies have directly targeted inhibited HK-II and enhanced the radiosensitivity of laryngeal carcinoma. Accumulating evidence has shown that dysregulated signaling pathways often result in HK-II overexpression. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the association among the Warburg effect, HK-II, and the radioresistance of laryngeal carcinoma. We speculate on the feasibility of enhancing radiosensitivity by targeted inhibiting HK-II signaling pathways in laryngeal carcinoma, which may provide a novel anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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33
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Folate/N-acetyl glucosamine conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeting breast cancer cells: A comparative study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 156:203-212. [PMID: 28531877 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptors (FR) have been well recognized as a marker to target nano-sized carriers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. In contrast, influx transport systems (e.g. GLUT transporters) that transport essential amino acids and nutrients to cancer cells have not been exploited much for targeted delivery. In this study, folic acid- or n-acetyl glucosamine- functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin (DOX-FA-MSNPs or DOX-NAG-MSNPs) were prepared, characterized and compared for targeting along with cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Cellular uptake of FITC tagged FA-MSNPs and NAG-MSNPs were evaluated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry in above-mentioned cancer cell lines. The result suggested higher cellular uptake of NAG-MSNPs than FA-MSNPs for both the cell lines. Cytotoxicity of free DOX, DOX-MSNPs, DOX-FA-MSNPs and DOX-NAG-MSNPs were evaluated on both the breast cancer cell lines. Cytotoxicity results showed that DOX-loaded NAG-MSNPs exerted significant higher cytotoxicity effect on both the cell lines than DOX-FA-MSNPs. Moreover, both the targeted formulations were more effective than free DOX. Our results suggested that GLUT transporters can be effectively utilized for nanoparticles internalization in breast cancer cells.
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34
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Low expression of hexokinase-2 is associated with false-negative FDG-positron emission tomography in multiple myeloma. Blood 2017; 130:30-34. [PMID: 28432222 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-774422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with background signal suppression (DWIBS) are 2 powerful functional imaging modalities in the evaluation of malignant plasma cell (PC) disease multiple myeloma (MM). Preliminary observations have suggested that MM patients with extensive disease according to DWIBS may be reported as being disease-free on FDG-PET ("PET false-negative"). The aim of this study was to describe the proportion of PET false-negativity in a representative set of 227 newly diagnosed MM patients with simultaneous assessment of FDG-PET and DWIBS, and to identify tumor-intrinsic features associated with this pattern. We found the incidence of PET false-negativity to be 11%. Neither tumor load-associated parameters, such as degree of bone marrow PC infiltration, nor the PC proliferation rate were associated with this subset. However, the gene coding for hexokinase-2, which catalyzes the first step of glycolysis, was significantly lower expressed in PET false-negative cases (5.3-fold change, P < .001) which provides a mechanistic explanation for this feature. In conclusion, we demonstrate a relevant number of patients with FDG-PET false-negative MM and a strong association between hexokinase-2 expression and this negativity: a finding which may also be relevant for clinical imaging of other hematological cancers.
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35
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Jo J, Kwon HW, Park S, Oh DY, Cheon GJ, Bang YJ. Prospective Evaluation of the Clinical Implications of the Tumor Metabolism and Chemotherapy-Related Changes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:1255-1261. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.186239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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36
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PHLPP regulates hexokinase 2-dependent glucose metabolism in colon cancer cells. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:16103. [PMID: 28179998 PMCID: PMC5253420 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glucose metabolism is considered as one of the most important metabolic alterations adapted by cancer cells in order to generate energy as well as high levels of glycolytic intermediates to support rapid proliferation. PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) belongs to a novel family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases that function as tumor suppressors in various types of human cancer. Here we determined the role of PHLPP in regulating glucose metabolism in colon cancer cells. Knockdown of PHLPP increased the rate of glucose consumption and lactate production, whereas overexpression of PHLPP had the opposite effect. Bioenergetic analysis using Seahorse Extracelluar Flux Analyzer revealed that silencing PHLPP expression induced a glycolytic shift in colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found that PHLPP formed a complex with Akt and hexokinase 2 (HK2) in the mitochondrial fraction of colon cancer cells and knockdown of PHLPP enhanced Akt-mediated phosphorylation and mitochondrial localization of HK2. Depletion of HK2 expression or treating cells with Akt and HK2 inhibitors reversed PHLPP loss-induced increase in glycolysis. Furthermore, PHLPP knockdown cells became addicted to glucose as a major energy source in that glucose starvation significantly decreased cancer cell survival. As HK2 is the key enzyme that determines the direction and magnitude of glucose flux, our study identified PHLPP as a novel regulator of glucose metabolism by controlling HK2 activity in colon cancer cells.
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37
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Jayasri K, Padmaja K, Saibaba M. Altered oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolism in canine mammary tumors. Vet World 2016; 9:1489-1492. [PMID: 28096627 PMCID: PMC5234069 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1489-1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Mammary tumors are the most prevalent type of neoplasms in canines. Even though cancer induced metabolic alterations are well established, the clinical data describing the metabolic profiles of animal tumors is not available. Hence, our present investigation was carried out with the aim of studying changes in carbohydrate metabolism along with the level of oxidative stress in canine mammary tumors. Materials and Methods: Fresh mammary tumor tissues along with the adjacent healthy tissues were collected from the college surgical ward. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione, protein, hexose, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) were analyzed in all the tissues. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: More than two-fold increase in TBARS and three-fold increase in glutathione levels were observed in neoplastic tissues. Hexokinase activity and hexose concentration (175%) was found to be increased, whereas glucose-6-phosphatase (33%), fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (42%), and G6PD (5 fold) activities were reduced in tumor mass compared to control. Conclusion: Finally, it was revealed that lipid peroxidation was increased with differentially altered carbohydrate metabolism in canine mammary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jayasri
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Padmaja
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Saibaba
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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38
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Maeda H, Tsukigawa K, Fang J. A Retrospective 30 Years After Discovery of the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect of Solid Tumors: Next-Generation Chemotherapeutics and Photodynamic Therapy--Problems, Solutions, and Prospects. Microcirculation 2016; 23:173-82. [PMID: 26237291 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumor has unique vascular architecture, excessive production of vascular mediators, and extravasation of macromolecules from blood vessels into the tumor tissue interstitium. These features comprise the phenomenon named the EPR effect of solid tumors, described in 1986. Our investigations on the EPR revealed that many mediators, such as bradykinin, NO, and prostaglandins, are involved in the EPR effect, which is now believed to be the most important element for cancer-selective drug delivery. However, tumors in vivo manifest great diversity, and some demonstrate a poor EPR effect, for example, because of impaired vascular flow involving thrombosis, with poor drug delivery and therapeutic failure. Another important element of this effect is that it operates in metastatic cancers. Because few drugs are currently effective against metastases, the EPR effect offers a great advantage in nanomedicine therapy. The EPR effect can also be augmented two to three times via nitroglycerin, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin II-induced hypertension. The delivery of nanomedicines to tumors can thereby be enhanced. In traditional PDT, most PSs had low MW and little tumor-selective accumulation. Our hydroxypropylmetacrylamide-polymer-conjugated-PS, zinc protoporphyrin (apparent MW >50 kDa) showed tumor-selective accumulation, as revealed by fluorescent imaging of autochthonous cancers. After one i.v. injection of polymeric PS followed by two or three xenon light irradiation/treatments, most tumors regressed. Thus, nanoprobes with the EPR effect seem to have remarkable effects. Enhancing the EPR effect by using vascular modulators will aid innovations in PDT for greater tumor-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Maeda
- Institute of Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsukigawa
- Institute of Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Fang
- Institute of Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
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39
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Alam MS, Fu L, Ren YY, Wu HB, Wang QS, Han YJ, Zhou WL, Li HS, Wang Z. 18F-FDG super bone marrow uptake: A highly potent indicator for the malignant infiltration. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5579. [PMID: 28033252 PMCID: PMC5207548 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate whether the markedly 2-deoxy-2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) uptake in the bone marrow (BM) is a presentation of malignant infiltration (MI).Super bone marrow uptake (super BMU) was used to name the markedly F-FDG uptake on BM, which was similar to or higher than that of the brain. From April 2008 to December 2015, 31 patients with such presentation were retrospectively reviewed. The F-FDG uptake was semiquantified using SUVmax and BM to cerebellum (BM/C) ratio. The origin of super BMU was diagnosed by pathology. Some blood parameters, as well as fever, were also collected and analyzed. For comparison, 106 patients with mildly and moderately uptake in BM and 20 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.Bone marrow MI was diagnosed in 93.5% (29/31) patients with super BMU, which mostly originated from acute leukemia and highly aggressive lymphoma. The super BMU group had markedly higher F-FDG uptake in the BM than those of mildly and moderately uptake, and the control subjects (all P = 0.000) and the BM/C ratio reached a high of 1.24 ± 0.36. The incidence of bone marrow MI in the super BMU group was markedly higher than that of mildly and moderately uptake (93.5% vs 36.8%, P = 0.000). Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis, when cut-off values of BM/C and SUVmax were set at 0.835 and 6.560, the diagnostic specificity for bone marrow MI reached the high levels of 91.4% and 95.7%, respectively. In 15 patients with bone marrow MI, the extra-BM malignant lesions were simultaneously detected by F-FDG PET/CT. The liver and the nasal cavity involvements were only found in the patients with lymphoma, but not in those with leukemia. A decrease of leukocyte, hemoglobin, and platelet counts was noted in 48.4%, 86.2%, and 51.5% of patients with bone marrow MI, respectively.The present study revealed that super BMU was a highly potent indicator for the bone marrow MI.
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Kawada K, Iwamoto M, Sakai Y. Mechanisms underlying 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation in colorectal cancer. World J Radiol 2016; 8:880-886. [PMID: 27928469 PMCID: PMC5120247 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i11.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a diagnostic tool to evaluate metabolic activity by measuring accumulation of FDG, an analogue of glucose, and has been widely used for detecting small tumors, monitoring treatment response and predicting patients’ prognosis in a variety of cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of FDG accumulation into tumors remains to be investigated. It is well-known that most cancers are metabolically active with elevated glucose metabolism, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. The underlying mechanisms for elevated glucose metabolism in cancer tissues are complex. Recent reports have indicated the potential of FDG-PET/CT scans in predicting mutational status (e.g., KRAS gene mutation) of colorectal cancer (CRC), which suggests that FDG-PET/CT scans may play a key role in determining therapeutic strategies by non-invasively predicting treatment response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy. In this review, we summarize the current findings investigating the molecular mechanism of 18F-FDG accumulation in CRC.
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Nakamura H, Koziolová E, Chytil P, Tsukigawa K, Fang J, Haratake M, Ulbrich K, Etrych T, Maeda H. Pronounced Cellular Uptake of Pirarubicin versus That of Other Anthracyclines: Comparison of HPMA Copolymer Conjugates of Pirarubicin and Doxorubicin. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:4106-4115. [PMID: 27934482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many conjugates of water-soluble polymers with biologically active molecules were developed during the last two decades. Although, therapeutic effects of these conjugates are affected by the properties of carriers, the properties of the attached drugs appear more important than the same carrier polymer in this case. Pirarubicin (THP), a tetrahydropyranyl derivative of doxorubicin (DOX), demonstrated more rapid cellular internalization and potent cytotoxicity than DOX. Here, we conjugated the THP or DOX to N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymer via a hydrazone bond. The polymeric prodrug conjugates, P-THP and P-DOX, respectively, had comparable hydrodynamic sizes and drug loading. Compared with P-DOX, P-THP showed approximately 10 times greater cellular uptake during a 240 min incubation and a cytotoxicity that was more than 10 times higher during a 72-h incubation. A marginal difference was seen in P-THP and P-DOX accumulation in the liver and kidney at 6 h after drug administration, but no significant difference occurred in the tumor drug concentration during 6-24 h after drug administration. Antitumor activity against xenograft human pancreatic tumor (SUIT2) in mice was greater for P-THP than for P-DOX. To sum up, the present study compared the biological behavior of two different drugs, each attached to an N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymer carrier, with regard to their uptake by tumor cells, body distribution, accumulation in tumors, cytotoxicity, and antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. No differences in the tumor cell uptake of the polymer-drug conjugates, P-THP and P-DOX, were observed. In contrast, the intracellular uptake of free THP liberated from the P-THP was 25-30 times higher than that of DOX liberated from P-DOX. This finding indicates that proper selection of the carrier, and especially conjugated active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are most critical for anticancer activity of the polymer-drug conjugates. THP, in this respect, was found to be a more preferable API for polymer conjugation than DOX. Hence the treatment based on enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect that targets more selectively to solid tumors can be best achieved with THP, although both polymer conjugates of DOX and THP exhibited the EPR effects and drug release profiles in acidic pH similarly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Nakamura
- Research Institute for Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Eva Koziolová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kenji Tsukigawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Jun Fang
- Research Institute for Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Mamoru Haratake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Karel Ulbrich
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hiroshi Maeda
- Research Institute for Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University , Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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42
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Shao H, Mohamed EM, Xu GG, Waters M, Jing K, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Spiegel S, Idowu MO, Fang X. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A functions to repress FoxO transcription factors to allow cell cycle progression in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:3832-46. [PMID: 26716645 PMCID: PMC4826173 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on hyperactive de novo lipid synthesis for maintaining malignancy. Recent studies suggest involvement in cancer of fatty acid oxidation, a process functionally opposite to lipogenesis. A mechanistic link from lipid catabolism to oncogenic processes is yet to be established. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) is a rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) that catalyzes the transfer of long-chain acyl group of the acyl-CoA ester to carnitine, thereby shuttling fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix for β-oxidation. In the present study, we demonstrated that CPT1A was highly expressed in most ovarian cancer cell lines and primary ovarian serous carcinomas. Overexpression of CPT1A correlated with a poor overall survival of ovarian cancer patients. Inactivation of CPT1A decreased cellular ATP levels and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, suggesting that ovarian cancer cells depend on or are addicted to CPT1A-mediated FAO for cell cycle progression. CPT1A deficiency also suppressed anchorage-independent growth and formation of xenografts from ovarian cancer cell lines. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1 (p21) was identified as most consistently and robustly induced cell cycle regulator upon inactivation of CPT1A. Furthermore, p21 was transcriptionally upregulated by the FoxO transcription factors, which were in turn phosphorylated and activated by AMP-activated protein kinase and the mitogen-activated protein kinases JNK and p38. Our results established the oncogenic relevance of CPT1A and a mechanistic link from lipid catabolism to cell cycle regulation, suggesting that CPT1A could be a prognostic biomarker and rational target for therapeutic intervention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjie Shao
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Esraa M Mohamed
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Guoyan G Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Michael Waters
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Kai Jing
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Yibao Ma
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Michael O Idowu
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Xianjun Fang
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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43
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Berg A, Fasmer KE, Mauland KK, Ytre-Hauge S, Hoivik EA, Husby JA, Tangen IL, Trovik J, Halle MK, Woie K, Bjørge L, Bjørnerud A, Salvesen HB, Henrica M. J. W, Krakstad C, Haldorsen IS. Tissue and imaging biomarkers for hypoxia predict poor outcome in endometrial cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:69844-69856. [PMID: 27634881 PMCID: PMC5342519 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is frequent in solid tumors and linked to aggressive phenotypes and therapy resistance. We explored expression patterns of the proposed hypoxia marker HIF-1α in endometrial cancer (EC) and investigate whether preoperative functional imaging parameters are associated with tumor hypoxia. Expression of HIF-1α was explored both in the epithelial and the stromal tumor component. We found that low epithelial HIF-1α and high stromal HIF-1α expression were significantly associated with reduced disease specific survival in EC. Only stromal HIF-1α had independent prognostic value in Cox regression analysis. High stromal HIF-1α protein expression was rare in the premalignant lesions of complex atypical hyperplasia but increased significantly to invasive cancer. High stromal HIF-1α expression was correlated with overexpression of important genes downstream from HIF-1α, i.e. VEGFA and SLC2A1 (GLUT1). Detecting hypoxic tumors with preoperative functional imaging might have therapeutic benefits. We found that high stromal HIF-1α expression associated with high total lesion glycolysis (TLG) at PET/CT. High expression of a gene signature linked to hypoxia also correlated with low tumor blood flow at DCE-MRI and increased metabolism measured by FDG-PET. PI3K pathway inhibitors were identified as potential therapeutic compounds in patients with lesions overexpressing this gene signature. In conclusion, we show that high stromal HIF-1α expression predicts reduced survival in EC and is associated with increased tumor metabolism at FDG-PET/CT. Importantly; we demonstrate a correlation between tissue and imaging biomarkers reflecting hypoxia, and also possible treatment targets for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Berg
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Karen K. Mauland
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Sigmund Ytre-Hauge
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
- Section of Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Erling A. Hoivik
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Jenny A. Husby
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
- Section of Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild L. Tangen
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Jone Trovik
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Mari K. Halle
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Kathrine Woie
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Atle Bjørnerud
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Norway
- The Intervention Center, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Werner Henrica M. J.
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingfrid S. Haldorsen
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
- Section of Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
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44
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Miao Y, Zhang LF, Guo R, Liang S, Zhang M, Shi S, Shang-Guan CF, Liu MF, Li B. (18)F-FDG PET/CT for Monitoring the Response of Breast Cancer to miR-143-Based Therapeutics by Targeting Tumor Glycolysis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e357. [PMID: 27574783 PMCID: PMC5023410 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased glucose utilization is a hallmark of cancer, and tumor metabolism is emerging as anticancer target for therapeutic intervention. Triple-negative breast cancers TNBC are highly glycolytic and show poor clinical outcomes. We previously identified hexokinase 2, the major glycolytic enzyme, as a target gene of miR-143 in TNBC. Here, we developed a therapeutic formulation using cholesterol-modified miR-143 agomir encapsulated in a neutral lipid-based delivery agent that blocked tumor growth and glucose metabolism in TNBC tumor-bearing mice when administered systemically. The antioncogenic effects were accompanied by a reduction in the direct target hexokinase 2 and [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake based on positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Treatment with miR-143 formulation has minimal toxic effects and mice tolerated it well. Thus, we demonstrated that miR-143 is a robust inhibitor of the Warburg effect and an effective therapeutic target for TNBC. In addition, 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography can be used to specifically monitor the response of TNBC to miR-143-based therapeutics by targeting tumor glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Miao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Fei Zhang
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Liang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Fang Shang-Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo-Fang Liu
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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45
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Groheux D, Cochet A, Humbert O, Alberini JL, Hindié E, Mankoff D. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for Staging and Restaging of Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med 2016; 57 Suppl 1:17S-26S. [PMID: 26834096 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.157859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have pointed out the role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT (or (18)F-FDG PET) in patients with clinical stage III or II breast cancer. (18)F-FDG PET/CT might advantageously replace other staging procedures, such as bone scanning and possibly contrast-enhanced CT of the thorax or abdomen-pelvis. We discuss the findings, locoregional or distant, that can be expected in different categories of breast cancer and their impact on prognosis and management. We also discuss the role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in restaging and how (18)F-FDG PET/CT compares with conventional techniques in restaging for patients with suspected disease recurrence. We conclude with some recommendations for clinical practice and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Groheux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Cochet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Humbert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | | | - Elif Hindié
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bordeaux, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque CHU, Bordeaux, France; and
| | - David Mankoff
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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46
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Reporter nanoparticle that monitors its anticancer efficacy in real time. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E2104-13. [PMID: 27036008 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603455113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to monitor the efficacy of an anticancer treatment in real time can have a critical effect on the outcome. Currently, clinical readouts of efficacy rely on indirect or anatomic measurements, which occur over prolonged time scales postchemotherapy or postimmunotherapy and may not be concordant with the actual effect. Here we describe the biology-inspired engineering of a simple 2-in-1 reporter nanoparticle that not only delivers a cytotoxic or an immunotherapy payload to the tumor but also reports back on the efficacy in real time. The reporter nanoparticles are engineered from a novel two-staged stimuli-responsive polymeric material with an optimal ratio of an enzyme-cleavable drug or immunotherapy (effector elements) and a drug function-activatable reporter element. The spatiotemporally constrained delivery of the effector and the reporter elements in a single nanoparticle produces maximum signal enhancement due to the availability of the reporter element in the same cell as the drug, thereby effectively capturing the temporal apoptosis process. Using chemotherapy-sensitive and chemotherapy-resistant tumors in vivo, we show that the reporter nanoparticles can provide a real-time noninvasive readout of tumor response to chemotherapy. The reporter nanoparticle can also monitor the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition in melanoma. The self-reporting capability, for the first time to our knowledge, captures an anticancer nanoparticle in action in vivo.
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47
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Glucose is a key driver for GLUT1-mediated nanoparticles internalization in breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21629. [PMID: 26899926 PMCID: PMC4761954 DOI: 10.1038/srep21629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mesenchymal state in cancer is usually associated with poor prognosis due to the metastatic predisposition and the hyper-activated metabolism. Exploiting cell glucose metabolism we propose a new method to detect mesenchymal-like cancer cells. We demonstrate that the uptake of glucose-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by mesenchymal-like cells remains constant when the glucose in the medium is increased from low (5.5 mM) to high (25 mM) concentration, while the MNPs uptake by epithelial-like cells is significantly reduced. These findings reveal that the glucose-shell of MNPs plays a major role in recognition of cells with high-metabolic activity. By selectively blocking the glucose transporter 1 channels we showed its involvement in the internalization process of glucose-coated MNPs. Our results suggest that glucose-coated MNPs can be used for metabolic-based assays aimed at detecting cancer cells and that can be used to selectively target cancer cells taking advantage, for instance, of the magnetic-thermotherapy.
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48
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Withofs N, Hustinx R. Integrin αvβ3 and RGD-based radiopharmaceuticals. MEDECINE NUCLEAIRE-IMAGERIE FONCTIONNELLE ET METABOLIQUE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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49
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18F-FDG PET/CT in the early prediction of pathological response in aggressive subtypes of breast cancer: review of the literature and recommendations for use in clinical trials. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:983-993. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-015-3295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Apostolova I, Wedel F, Brenner W. Imaging of Tumor Metabolism Using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Recent Results Cancer Res 2016; 207:177-205. [PMID: 27557539 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42118-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging employing PET/CT enables in vivo visualization, characterization, and measurement of biologic processes in tumors at a molecular and cellular level. Using specific metabolic tracers, information about the integrated function of multiple transporters and enzymes involved in tumor metabolic pathways can be depicted, and the tracers can be directly applied as biomarkers of tumor biology. In this review, we discuss the role of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) as an in vivo glycolytic marker which reflects alterations of glucose metabolism in cancer cells. This functional molecular imaging technique offers a complementary approach to anatomic imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has found widespread application as a diagnostic modality in oncology to monitor tumor biology, optimize the therapeutic management, and guide patient care. Moreover, emerging methods for PET imaging of further biologic processes relevant to cancer are reviewed, with a focus on tumor hypoxia and aberrant tumor perfusion. Hypoxic tumors are associated with poor disease control and increased resistance to cytotoxic and radiation treatment. In vivo imaging of hypoxia, perfusion, and mismatch of metabolism and perfusion has the potential to identify specific features of tumor microenvironment associated with poor treatment outcome and, thus, contribute to personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivayla Apostolova
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical School, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg A.ö.R., Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian Wedel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medicine Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Winfried Brenner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medicine Charité, Berlin, Germany.
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