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Shen D, Xia Y, Fu Y, Cao Q, Chen W, Zhu Y, Guo K, Sun L. Hedgehog pathway and cancer: A new area (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:116. [PMID: 38994763 PMCID: PMC11267502 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In years of research on classical pathways, the composition, information transmission mechanism, crosstalk with other pathways, and physiological and pathological effects of hedgehog (HH) pathway have been gradually clarified. HH also plays a critical role in tumor formation and development. According to the update of interpretation of tumor phenotypes, the latest relevant studies have been sorted out, to explore the specific mechanism of HH pathway in regulating different tumor phenotypes through gene mutation and signal regulation. The drugs and natural ingredients involved in regulating HH pathway were also reviewed; five approved drugs and drugs under research exert efficacy by blocking HH pathway, and at least 22 natural components have potential to treat tumors by HH pathway. Nevertheless, there is a deficiency of existing studies. The present review confirmed the great potential of HH pathway in future cancer treatment with factual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyi Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Xia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Qiaochang Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Leitao Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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Abdel-Tawab MS, Fouad H, Sedeak AY, Doudar NA, Rateb EE, Faruk E, Reyad HR. Effects of mesenchymal stem cells versus curcumin on sonic hedgehog signaling in experimental model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:740. [PMID: 38874802 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) is a fundamental signaling pathway that controls tissue reconstruction, stem cell biology, and differentiation and has a role in gut tissue homeostasis and development. Dysregulation of SHH leads to the development of HCC. METHODS, AND RESULTS The present study was conducted to compare the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and curcumin on SHH molecular targets in an experimental model of HCC in rats. One hundred rats were divided equally into the following groups: control group, HCC group, HCC group received MSCs, HCC group received curcumin, and HCC group received MSCs and curcumin. Histopathological examinations were performed, and gene expression of SHH signaling target genes (SHH, PTCH1, SMOH, and GLI1) was assessed by real-time PCR in rat liver tissue. Results showed that SHH target genes were significantly upregulated in HCC-untreated rat groups and in MSC-treated groups, with no significant difference between them. Administration of curcumin with or without combined administration of MSCs led to a significant down-regulation of SHH target genes, with no significant differences between both groups. As regards the histopathological examination of liver tissues, both curcumin and MSCs, either through separate use or their combined use, led to a significant restoration of normal liver pathology. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, SHH signaling is upregulated in the HCC experimental model. MSCs do not inhibit the upregulated SHH target genes in HCC. Curcumin use with or without MSCs administration led to a significant down-regulation of SHH signaling in HCC and a significant restoration of normal liver pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Sayed Abdel-Tawab
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Hanan Fouad
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, POB 12613, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, POB 43711, Attaka, Suez Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Yahia Sedeak
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Noha A Doudar
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Enas Ezzat Rateb
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Eman Faruk
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hoda Ramadan Reyad
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Chen M, Liu Y, Xing W. SALL4 upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor to mediate Hedgehog signaling to inhibit carboplatin sensitivity in colon adenocarcinoma. Pharmacogenomics 2024; 25:231-240. [PMID: 38884945 PMCID: PMC11388137 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2344429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in colon adenocarcinoma, specifically its impact on sensitivity to carboplatin.Methods: mRNA and clinical information of colon adenocarcinoma samples were obtained from TCGA database. Differential expression analysis, transcription factor prediction, gene set enrichment analysis were performed in silico. qRT-PCR, western blot, CCK-8 and CHIP assay were employed.Results: BDNF demonstrated high expression in colon adenocarcinoma. Silencing of BDNF enhanced carboplatin sensitivity, while exerting opposite effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). BDNF was enriched in Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. SALL4 was identified as an upstream regulator of BDNF. Upregulation of BDNF by SALL4 promoted EMT and inhibited carboplatin sensitivity.Conclusion: SALL4 promoted BDNF expression to facilitate the aggressive phenotypes of colon adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, 310013, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, The 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Weihua Xing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhu Conch Hospital, Wuhu, 241001, China
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MacLean MR, Walker OL, Arun RP, Fernando W, Marcato P. Informed by Cancer Stem Cells of Solid Tumors: Advances in Treatments Targeting Tumor-Promoting Factors and Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4102. [PMID: 38612911 PMCID: PMC11012648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation within tumors that promote cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence due to their self-renewal capacity and resistance to conventional therapies. CSC-specific markers and signaling pathways highly active in CSCs have emerged as a promising strategy for improving patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic targets associated with CSCs of solid tumors across various cancer types, including key molecular markers aldehyde dehydrogenases, CD44, epithelial cellular adhesion molecule, and CD133 and signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and Sonic Hedgehog. We discuss a wide array of therapeutic modalities ranging from targeted antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, and near-infrared photoimmunotherapy to advanced genetic approaches like RNA interference, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, CAR natural killer cells, bispecific T cell engagers, immunotoxins, drug-antibody conjugates, therapeutic peptides, and dendritic cell vaccines. This review spans developments from preclinical investigations to ongoing clinical trials, highlighting the innovative targeting strategies that have been informed by CSC-associated pathways and molecules to overcome therapeutic resistance. We aim to provide insights into the potential of these therapies to revolutionize cancer treatment, underscoring the critical need for a multi-faceted approach in the battle against cancer. This comprehensive analysis demonstrates how advances made in the CSC field have informed significant developments in novel targeted therapeutic approaches, with the ultimate goal of achieving more effective and durable responses in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya R. MacLean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Olivia L. Walker
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Raj Pranap Arun
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
| | - Wasundara Fernando
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Paola Marcato
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (M.R.M.); (O.L.W.); (R.P.A.); (W.F.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Xin Y, Zhang T, Zhou M, Li X, Ping K, Ji X, Yang H, Dong J. Hepatotoxicity of the Pesticide Avermectin Exposure to Freshwater-Farmed Carp: Evidence from In Vivo and In Vitro Research. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20654-20670. [PMID: 38091468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Avermectin (AVM) is presently one of the most extensively employed insecticides across the globe. A number of toxicity research studies of AVM have been carried out in freshwater-farmed carp; however, there are currently no toxicity studies on the liver. This investigation aims to replicate an acute liver injury model induced by AVM in carp, subsequently analyzing the adverse effects imposed on the nontarget species while delving into potential mechanisms underlying its toxicity. In this study, we found that AVM-exposed carp liver tissue showed cellular hydration degeneration and necrosis and reduced the viability of hepatocyte L8824. Second, AVM induced oxidative stress in carp, and AVM stimulation led to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and Ca2+ overload in hepatocyte L8824, suggesting that AVM exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes. AVM induced inflammation in carp liver tissue by inducing mitochondrial kinetic disruption, which triggered hepatic tissue injury. AVM induced autophagy and apoptosis in carp liver tissue and ROS mediated AVM-induced autophagy and apoptosis. The formation of autophagy attenuated the AVM-induced liver injury. In conclusion, the present study elucidated the hepatotoxicity and potential mechanisms of freshwater aquaculture carp exposed to the pesticide AVM, emphasized the importance of monitoring pesticide AVM contamination in freshwater aquaculture aquatic environments, and provided theoretical references for the targeted prevention of AVM-induced toxicity in carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Tianmeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Kaixin Ping
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Skóra B, Masicz M, Nowak P, Lachowska J, Sołtysek P, Biskup J, Matuszewska P, Szychowski KA. Suppression of sonic hedgehog pathway-based proliferation in glioblastoma cells by small-size silver nanoparticles in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2385-2398. [PMID: 37407723 PMCID: PMC10404180 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs) are one of the most aggressive and invasive intracranial cancers. Recently, it has been postulated that, among other factors, the hedgehog (HH) pathway may be a key factor in this phenomenon. Moreover, it has been reported that small-size silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are characterized by a high cytotoxic effect towards GBs. However, their effect on the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway has never been demonstrated in any cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the anti-proliferative properties of 5-nm AgNPs on the SHH pathway in the GB cell line (U-87MG) in vitro. The results showed a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the metabolic activity in the U-87MG cells treated with AgNPs, with IC50 reaching 30.41 and 21.16 µg/mL after 24 h and 48 h, respectively, followed by an increase in the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The co-treatment of the cells with AgNPs and Robotnikinin (SHH inhibitor) abolished and/or strengthened the effect of AgNPs, especially on the SHH mRNA levels and on the PCNA, PTCH1, Gli1, and SUFU protein levels. Interestingly, no changes in the level of ERK1/2, Akt, and SRC kinase protein expression were detected, suggesting a direct impact of AgNPs and/or ROS on the inhibition of the canonical SHH pathway. However, more studies are needed due to the increase in the mTOR protein expression after the treatment of the cells with AgNPs, as in the Robotnikinin treatment. In conclusion, small-size AgNPs are able to inhibit the proliferation of GB cells in vitro by suppressing the canonical SHH pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Martyna Masicz
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Nowak
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jagoda Lachowska
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Paulina Sołtysek
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Justyna Biskup
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Paulina Matuszewska
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszow, Poland
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Wang J, Cui B, Li X, Zhao X, Huang T, Ding X. The emerging roles of Hedgehog signaling in tumor immune microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1171418. [PMID: 37213270 PMCID: PMC10196179 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1171418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is pervasively involved in human malignancies, making it an effective target for cancer treatment for decades. In addition to its direct role in regulating cancer cell attributes, recent work indicates that it has an immunoregulatory effect on tumor microenvironments. An integrated understanding of these actions of Hh signaling pathway in tumor cells and tumor microenvironments will pave the way for novel tumor treatments and further advances in anti-tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the most recent research about Hh signaling pathway transduction, with a particular emphasis on its role in modulating tumor immune/stroma cell phenotype and function, such as macrophage polarity, T cell response, and fibroblast activation, as well as their mutual interactions between tumor cells and nonneoplastic cells. We also summarize the recent advances in the development of Hh pathway inhibitors and nanoparticle formulation for Hh pathway modulation. We suggest that targeting Hh signaling effects on both tumor cells and tumor immune microenvironments could be more synergistic for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baiping Cui
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taomin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Taomin Huang, ; Xiaolei Ding,
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Taomin Huang, ; Xiaolei Ding,
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Ciulla DA, Dranchak P, Pezzullo JL, Mancusi RA, Psaras AM, Rai G, Giner JL, Inglese J, Callahan BP. A cell-based bioluminescence reporter assay of human Sonic Hedgehog protein autoprocessing to identify inhibitors and activators. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102705. [PMID: 36400200 PMCID: PMC9772569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sonic Hedgehog (SHh) precursor protein undergoes biosynthetic autoprocessing to cleave off and covalently attach cholesterol to the SHh signaling ligand, a vital morphogen and oncogenic effector protein. Autoprocessing is self-catalyzed by SHhC, the SHh precursor's C-terminal enzymatic domain. A method to screen for small molecule regulators of this process may be of therapeutic value. Here, we describe the development and validation of the first cellular reporter to monitor human SHhC autoprocessing noninvasively in high-throughput compatible plates. The assay couples intracellular SHhC autoprocessing using endogenous cholesterol to the extracellular secretion of the bioluminescent nanoluciferase enzyme. We developed a WT SHhC reporter line for evaluating potential autoprocessing inhibitors by concentration response-dependent suppression of extracellular bioluminescence. Additionally, a conditional mutant SHhC (D46A) reporter line was developed for identifying potential autoprocessing activators by a concentration response-dependent gain of extracellular bioluminescence. The D46A mutation removes a conserved general base that is critical for the activation of the cholesterol substrate. Inducibility of the D46A reporter was established using a synthetic sterol, 2-α carboxy cholestanol, designed to bypass the defect through intramolecular general base catalysis. To facilitate direct nanoluciferase detection in the cell culture media of 1536-well plates, we designed a novel anionic phosphonylated coelenterazine, CLZ-2P, as the nanoluciferase substrate. This new reporter system offers a long-awaited resource for small molecule discovery for cancer and for developmental disorders where SHh ligand biosynthesis is dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Ciulla
- Chemistry Department, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Patricia Dranchak
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - John L Pezzullo
- State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca A Mancusi
- Chemistry Department, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | | | - Ganesha Rai
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - José-Luis Giner
- State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York, USA.
| | - James Inglese
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA; National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | - Brian P Callahan
- Chemistry Department, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA.
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Notum leads to potential pro-survival of OSCC through crosstalk between Shh and Wnt/β-catenin signaling via p-GSK3β. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 153:106316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Tarannum M, Holtzman K, Dréau D, Mukherjee P, Vivero-Escoto JL. Nanoparticle combination for precise stroma modulation and improved delivery for pancreatic cancer. J Control Release 2022; 347:425-434. [PMID: 35569588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic success in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is hindered by the extensive stroma associated to this disease. Stroma is composed of cellular and non-cellular components supporting and evolving with the tumor. One of the most studied mediators of cancer cell-stroma crosstalk is sonic hedgehog (SHh) pathway leading to the intense desmoplasia observed in PDAC tumors. Herein, we demonstrate that the use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing an SHh inhibitor, cyclopamine (CyP), and the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs (Gemcitabine (Gem)/cisplatin (cisPt)) as the main delivery system for the sequential treatment led to the reduction in tumor stroma along with an improvement in the treatment of PDAC. We synthesized two versions of the MSN-based platform containing the SHh inhibitor (CyP-MSNs) and the drug combination (PEG-Gem-cisPt-MSNs). In vitro and in vivo protein analysis show that CyP-MSNs effectively inhibited the SHh pathway. In addition, the sequential combination of CyP-MSNs followed by PEG-Gem-cisPt-MSNs led to effective stromal modulation, increased access of secondary PEG-Gem-cisPt-MSNs at the tumor site, and improved therapeutic performance in HPAF II xenograft mice. Taken together, our findings support the potential of drug delivery using MSNs for stroma modulation and to prevent pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubin Tarannum
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Katherine Holtzman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Didier Dréau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Pinku Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Juan L Vivero-Escoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; Nanoscale Science Program, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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11
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Wagner AG, Stagnitta RT, Xu Z, Pezzullo JL, Kandel N, Giner JL, Covey DF, Wang C, Callahan BP. Nanomolar, Noncovalent Antagonism of Hedgehog Cholesterolysis: Exception to the "Irreversibility Rule" for Protein Autoprocessing Inhibition. Biochemistry 2022; 61:1022-1028. [PMID: 34941260 PMCID: PMC9382716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling ligands undergo carboxy terminal sterylation through specialized autoprocessing, called cholesterolysis. Sterylation is brought about intramolecularly in a single turnover by an adjacent enzymatic domain, called HhC, which is found in precursor Hh proteins only. Previous attempts to identify antagonists of the intramolecular activity of HhC have yielded inhibitors that bind HhC irreversibly through covalent mechanisms, as is common for protein autoprocessing inhibitors. Here, we report an exception to the "irreversibility rule" for autoprocessing inhibition. Using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based activity assay for HhC, we screened a focused library of sterol-like analogues for noncovalent inhibitors and identified and validated four structurally related molecules, which were then used for structure-activity relationship studies. The most effective derivative, tBT-HBT, inhibits HhC noncovalently with an IC50 of 300 nM. An allosteric binding site for tBT-HBT, encompassing residues from the two subdomains of HhC, is suggested by kinetic analysis, mutagenesis studies, and photoaffinity labeling. The inhibitors described here resemble a family of noncovalent, allosteric inducers of HhC paracatalysis which we have described previously. The inhibition and the induction appear to be mediated by a shared allosteric site on HhC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Robert T Stagnitta
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Zihan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - John L Pezzullo
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Nabin Kandel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - José-Luis Giner
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Douglas F Covey
- Department of Developmental Biology, Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Brian P Callahan
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
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12
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Zhao Y, Deng Z, Ma Z, Zhang M, Wang H, Tuo B, Li T, Liu X. Expression alteration and dysfunction of ion channels/transporters in the parietal cells induces gastric diffused mucosal injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112660. [PMID: 35276516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric mucosal injuries include focal and diffused injuries, which do and do not change the cell differentiation pattern. Parietal cells loss is related to the occurrence of gastric mucosal diffused injury, with two phenotypes of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia, which is the basis of gastric cancer and gastric neuroendocrine tumor respectively. Multiple ion channels and transporters are located and expressed in the parietal cells, which is not only regulate the gastric acid-base homeostasis, but also regulate the growth and development of parietal cells. Therefore, alteration and dysregulation of ion channels and transporters in the parietal cells impairs the morphology and physiological functions of stomach, resulted in gastric diffused mucosal damage. In this review, multiple ion channels and transporters in parietal cells, including K+ channels, aquaporins, Cl- channels, Na+/H+ transporters, and Cl-/HCO3- transporters are described, and their roles in gastric diffused mucosal injury are discussed. We hope to drive researcher's attention to focus on the role of ion channels/transporters loss in the parietal cells induced gastric diffused mucosal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zilin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Minglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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13
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Ma C, Hu K, Ullah I, Zheng QK, Zhang N, Sun ZG. Molecular Mechanisms Involving the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway in Lung Cancer Therapy: Recent Advances. Front Oncol 2022; 12:729088. [PMID: 35433472 PMCID: PMC9010822 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.729088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the latest statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), lung cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world, accounting for approximately 18% of all cancer-associated deaths. Yet, even with aggressive interventions for advanced lung cancer, the five-year survival rate remains low, at around 15%. The hedgehog signaling pathway is highly conserved during embryonic development and is involved in tissue homeostasis as well as organ development. However, studies have documented an increasing prevalence of aberrant activation of HH signaling in lung cancer patients, promoting malignant lung cancer progression with poor prognostic outcomes. Inhibitors targeting the HH pathway have been widely used in tumor therapy, however, they still cannot avoid the occurrence of drug resistance. Interestingly, natural products, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have greatly improved overall survival outcomes for lung cancer patients by acting on the HH signaling pathway because of its unique and excellent pharmacological properties. In this review, we elucidate on the underlying molecular mechanisms through which the HH pathway promotes malignant biological behaviors in lung cancer, as well as the potential of inhibitors or natural compounds in targeting HH signaling for clinical applications in lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kang Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Surgery, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Qing-Kang Zheng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Breast Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Gang Sun, ; Nan Zhang,
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Gang Sun, ; Nan Zhang,
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14
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Qiao Q, Xu L, Li Q, Wang Y, Lu H, Zhao N, Pu Y, Wang L, Guo Y, Guo C. BMPR1α promotes osteolytic lesion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by SHH‐dependent osteoclastogenesis. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1639-1651. [PMID: 35279920 PMCID: PMC9128187 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive tumor that usually invades the maxilla or mandible. The extent and pattern of mandibular bone invasion caused by OSCC are the most important factors determining the treatment plan and patients' prognosis. Yet, the process of mandibular invasion is not fully understood. The following study explores the molecular mechanism that regulates the mandibular invasion of OSCC by focusing on bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1α (BMPR1α) and Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signals. We found that BMPR1α was positively correlated to bone defect of OSCC patients. Mechanistically, BMPR1α signaling regulated the differentiation and resorption activity of osteoclasts through the interaction of OSCC cells and osteoclast progenitors, and this process was mediated by SHH secreted by tumor cells. The inhibition of SHH protected bone from tumor‐induced osteolytic activity. These results provide a potential new treatment strategy for controlling OSCC from invading the jawbones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Shandong 250021 PR China
| | - Qingxiang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Han Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Shanghai Stomotological Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200001 PR China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Yinfei Pu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- The Second Outpatient Department Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China6 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Chuanbin Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Beijing 100081 PR China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 PR China
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15
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Akhshi T, Shannon R, Trimble WS. The complex web of canonical and non-canonical Hedgehog signaling. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100183. [PMID: 35001404 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is a widely studied signaling pathway because of its critical roles during development and in cell homeostasis. Vertebrate canonical and non-canonical Hh signaling are typically assumed to be distinct and occur in different cellular compartments. While research has primarily focused on the canonical form of Hh signaling and its dependency on primary cilia - microtubule-based signaling hubs - an extensive list of crucial functions mediated by non-canonical Hh signaling has emerged. Moreover, amounting evidence indicates that canonical and non-canonical modes of Hh signaling are interlinked, and that they can overlap spatially, and in many cases interact functionally. Here, we discuss some of the many cellular effects of non-canonical signaling and discuss new evidence indicating inter-relationships with canonical signaling. We discuss how Smoothened (Smo), a key component of the Hh pathway, might coordinate such diverse downstream effects. Collectively, pursuit of questions such as those proposed here will aid in elucidating the full extent of Smo function in development and advance its use as a target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Akhshi
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Shannon
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William S Trimble
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Wu W, Yang H, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Lu X, Yang W, Xu X, Jiang Y, Li Y, Fan X, Shao Q. A Noncanonical Hedgehog Signaling Exerts a Tumor-Promoting Effect on Pancreatic Cancer Cells Via Induction of Osteopontin Expression. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021. [PMID: 34978897 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Sonic Hedgehog (Shh)-Gli1 signaling and osteopontin (OPN) play vital roles in pancreatic cancer. However, the precise mechanisms of both signals have not been fully clarified, and whether there is a correlation between them in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is unknown. This study aims to confirm the effect of OPN on human PDAC and assess whether Hh signaling affects pancreatic cancer cells through upregulation of OPN. Materials and Methods: OPN expression in human PDAC tissues and cell lines was investigated. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of OPN-knockdown BxPC-3 cells were observed. We analyzed the correlation between Shh or Gli1 and OPN expression in human PDAC. Hh signaling inhibitors and shRNA against Gli1 were used to confirm if OPN expression in BxPC-3 cells was regulated by Hh canonical or noncanonical pathway. We also evaluated the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of Gli1-knockdown BxPC-3 cells. Results: OPN is highly expressed in human PDAC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of BxPC-3 cell lines were decreased, whereas apoptosis was increased when OPN was knocked down. Correlation analysis showed that Gli1, but not Shh, was associated with OPN expression in human PDAC, and Gli1 regulated OPN production in BxPC-3 cells through a noncanonical pathway because Gli but not Smo inhibitor reduced OPN expression. Similar to above, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BxPC-3 cells were decreased, whereas the apoptosis was increased when Gli1 was knocked down. Supplement of exogenous OPN protein could partially reverse the effect of both OPN knockdown and Gli1 knockdown on the bio-behavior of BxPC-3 cells. Conclusion: Hh signaling promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion but inhibits apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells through upregulation of OPN in a noncanonical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Wu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhutao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Lu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiayue Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu College of Nursing, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
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17
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Linck-Paulus L, Lämmerhirt L, Völler D, Meyer K, Engelmann JC, Spang R, Eichner N, Meister G, Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK. Learning from Embryogenesis-A Comparative Expression Analysis in Melanoblast Differentiation and Tumorigenesis Reveals miRNAs Driving Melanoma Development. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2259. [PMID: 34073664 PMCID: PMC8197100 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most dangerous tumor types due to its high metastasis rates and a steadily increasing incidence. During tumorigenesis, the molecular processes of embryonic development, exemplified by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), are often reactivated. For melanoma development, the exact molecular differences between melanoblasts, melanocytes, and melanoma cells are not completely understood. In this study, we aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that promote melanoma tumorigenesis and progression, based on an in vitro model of normal human epidermal melanocyte (NHEM) de-differentiation into melanoblast-like cells (MBrCs). Using miRNA-sequencing and differential expression analysis, we demonstrated in this study that a majority of miRNAs have an almost equal expression level in NHEMs and MBrCs but are significantly differentially regulated in primary tumor- and metastasis-derived melanoma cell lines. Further, a target gene analysis of strongly regulated but functionally unknown miRNAs yielded the implication of those miRNAs in many important cellular pathways driving malignancy. We hypothesize that many of the miRNAs discovered in our study are key drivers of melanoma development as they account for the tumorigenic potential that differentiates melanoma cells from proliferating or migrating embryonic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Linck-Paulus
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (L.L.); (D.V.); (S.K.)
| | - Lisa Lämmerhirt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (L.L.); (D.V.); (S.K.)
| | - Daniel Völler
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (L.L.); (D.V.); (S.K.)
| | - Katharina Meyer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Julia C. Engelmann
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands;
| | - Rainer Spang
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Norbert Eichner
- Department of Biochemistry I, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (N.E.); (G.M.)
| | - Gunter Meister
- Department of Biochemistry I, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (N.E.); (G.M.)
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (L.L.); (D.V.); (S.K.)
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (L.L.); (D.V.); (S.K.)
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18
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Xie Z, Wang F, Lin L, Duan S, Liu X, Li X, Li T, Xue M, Cheng Y, Ren H, Zhu Y. An SGLT2 inhibitor modulates SHH expression by activating AMPK to inhibit the migration and induce the apoptosis of cervical carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2020; 495:200-210. [PMID: 32931885 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to their hypoglycemic effect, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have many other benefits. In the present study, we examine the anticancer effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin using cervical carcinoma models. In vivo antitumor activities of empagliflozin were observed in a nude mouse model. Empagliflozin intervention and downregulation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Molecule (Shh) inhibited the migration and promoted the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells in nude mice. Compared with the control group, the empagliflozin treatment group had an increased level of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and decreased levels of Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1) and SHH in tumor tissue. In vitro experiments also showed that empagliflozin (50 μM) inhibited the migration of cervical cancer cells and induced their apoptosis by activating the AMPK/FOXA1 pathway and inhibiting the expression of SHH. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine the relationship between SHH expression and total survival time. The results showed that in cervical cancer patients, high SHH expression resulted in unfavorable overall survival. The downregulation of SHH with small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited the migration and invasion and promoted the apoptosis of HeLa cells. These findings show that empagliflozin has a potential therapeutic effect on cervical cancer. This effect was related to the activation of the AMPK pathway and the inhibition of SHH expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Xie
- Basic Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 300211, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingqiang Lin
- Basic Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoxian Duan
- Basic Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yi Zhu
- Basic Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
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