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Li C, Guan X, Zhang X, Zhou D, Son S, Xu Y, Deng M, Guo Z, Sun Y, Kim JS. NIR-II bioimaging of small molecule fluorophores: From basic research to clinical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114620. [PMID: 36001931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to the low autofluorescence and deep-photo penetration, the second near-infrared region fluorescence imaging technology (NIR-II, 1000-2000 nm) has been widely utilized in basic scientific research and preclinical practice throughout the past decade. The most attractive candidates for clinical translation are organic NIR-II fluorophores with a small-molecule framework, owing to their low toxicity, high synthetic repeatability, and simplicity of chemical modification. In order to enhance the translation of small molecule applications in NIR-II bioimaging, NIR-II fluorescence imaging technology has evolved from its usage in cells to the diagnosis of diseases in large animals and even humans. Although several examples of NIR-II fluorescence imaging have been used in preclinical studies, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed before they can finally be used in clinical settings. In this paper, we reviewed the evolution of the chemical structures and photophysical properties of small-molecule fluorophores, with an emphasis on their biomedical applications ranging from small animals to humans. We also explored the potential of small-molecule fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonglu Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xiaofang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Experimental Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Subin Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Mengtian Deng
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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Tu J, Fang Y, Han D, Tan X, Jiang H, Gong X, Wang X, Hong W, Wei W. Activation of nuclear factor-κB in the angiogenesis of glioma: Insights into the associated molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12929. [PMID: 33300633 PMCID: PMC7848966 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most commonly observed primary intracranial tumour and is associated with massive angiogenesis. Glioma neovascularization provides nutrients for the growth and metabolism of tumour tissues, promotes tumour cell division and proliferation, and provides conditions ideal for the infiltration and migration of tumour cells to distant places. Growing evidence suggests that there is a correlation between the activation of nuclear factor (NF)‐κB and the angiogenesis of glioma. In this review article, we highlighted the functions of NF‐κB in the angiogenesis of glioma, showing that NF‐κB activation plays a pivotal role in the growth and progression of glioma angiogenesis and is a rational therapeutic target for antiangiogenic strategies aimed at glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Tu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yilong Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dafei Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuewen Tan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Delgado‐Martín B, Medina MÁ. Advances in the Knowledge of the Molecular Biology of Glioblastoma and Its Impact in Patient Diagnosis, Stratification, and Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902971. [PMID: 32382477 PMCID: PMC7201267 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. They arise in the glial tissue and primarily occur in the brain. Low-grade tumors of World Health Organization (WHO) grade II tend to progress to high-grade gliomas of WHO grade III and, eventually, glioblastoma of WHO grade IV, which is the most common and deadly glioma, with a median survival of 12-15 months after final diagnosis. Knowledge of the molecular biology and genetics of glioblastoma has increased significantly in the past few years, giving rise to classification methods that can help in management and stratification of glioblastoma patients. However, glioblastoma remains an incurable disease. Glioblastoma cells have acquired genetic and metabolic adaptations in order to sustain tumor growth and progression, including changes in energetic metabolism, invasive capacity, migration, and angiogenesis, that make it very difficult to find suitable therapeutic targets and to develop effective drugs. The current standard of care for glioblastoma patients is surgery followed by radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide. Although progress in glioblastoma therapies in recent years has been more limited than in other tumors, numerous drugs and targets are being proposed and many clinical trials are underway to develop effective subtype-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Delgado‐Martín
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryFaculty of SciencesCampus de Teatinos s/nUniversity of MálagaMálagaE‐29071Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryFaculty of SciencesCampus de Teatinos s/nUniversity of MálagaMálagaE‐29071Spain
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga)MálagaE‐29071Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MálagaE‐29071Spain
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4
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Tang F, Wang H, Chen E, Bian E, Xu Y, Ji X, Yang Z, Hua X, Zhang Y, Zhao B. LncRNA-ATB promotes TGF-β-induced glioma cells invasion through NF-κB and P38/MAPK pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23302-23314. [PMID: 31140621 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioma constitutes the most aggressive primary intracranial malignancy in adults. We previously showed that long noncoding RNA activated by TGF-β (lncRNA-ATB) promoted the glioma cells invasion. However, whether lncRNA-ATB is involved in TGF-β-mediated invasion of glioma cells remains unknown. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used for detecting the mRNA and protein expression of related genes, respectively. Transwell assay was performed to assess the impact of lncRNA-ATB on TGF-β-induced glioma cells migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to characterize related protein distribution. Results showed that TGF-β upregulated lncRNA-ATB expression in glioma LN-18 and U251 cells. Overexpression of lncRNA-ATB activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and promoted P65 translocation into the nucleus, thus facilitated glioma cells invasion stimulated by TGF-β. Similarly, lncRNA-ATB markedly enhanced TGF-β-mediated invasion of glioma cells through activation P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38/MAPK) pathway. Moreover, both the NF-κB selected inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium and P38/MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 partly reversed lncRNA-ATB induced glioma cells invasion mediated by TGF-β. Collectively, this study revealed that lncRNA-ATB promotes TGF-β-induced glioma cell invasion through NF-κB and P38/MAPK pathway and established a detailed framework for understanding the way how lncRNA-ATB performs its function in TGF-β-mediated glioma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Erfeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yadi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinghu Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangyang Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yile Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anuhi, China.,Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Hsu FT, Chiang IT, Kuo YC, Hsia TC, Lin CC, Liu YC, Chung JG. Amentoflavone Effectively Blocked the Tumor Progression of Glioblastoma via Suppression of ERK/NF- κ B Signaling Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:913-931. [PMID: 31096773 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, with an annual incidence of 5.26 per 100000 people. The clinical outcome of standard therapy and the survival rate remain poor; therefore, there is an unmet need for a new strategy to treat this lethal disease. Although amentoflavone was known to have anticancer potential in various types of cancers, its antiglioblastoma ability and mechanism remain unrecognized. We demonstrated that amentoflavone may suppress glioblastoma invasion and migration by transwell assay. Moreover, we established NF- κ B reporter gene system and used that for verifying NF- κ B inhibition efficacy of amentoflavone on in vitro and in vivo studies. Here, we indicated that amentoflavone not only diminished NF- κ B activation, but also reduced NF- κ B-mediated downstream oncogenes expression, such as MMP-2, MMP-9, XIAP, cyclinD1 and VEGF, which was elucidated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Tumor growth inhibition and NF- κ B reduction was found in the amentoflavone treatment group, which was revealed by the glioblastoma-bearing animal model. In this study, we also used ERK inhibitor and NF- κ B inhibitor (QNZ) to confirm whether the beneficial result of amentoflavone on glioblastoma was mainly regulated by blockage of ERK/NF- κ B signaling. In summary, ERK/NF- κ B signaling pathway has a role in the inhibition of tumor growth by amentoflavone in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Ting Hsu
- * Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - I-Tsang Chiang
- § Department of Radiation Oncology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,¶ Department of Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,∥ Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,*** Department of Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Cheng Kuo
- ‡ School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C.,‡‡ Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- † Department of Respiratory Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C.,§§ Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Chung Lin
- ** General Education Center, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,¶¶ Department of Chinese Medicine, Feng-Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chang Liu
- § Department of Radiation Oncology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,¶ Department of Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,∥ Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,†† Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Bing Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.,*** Department of Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- * Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C.,∥∥ Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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6
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Yamini B. NF-κB, Mesenchymal Differentiation and Glioblastoma. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090125. [PMID: 30200302 PMCID: PMC6162779 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although glioblastoma (GBM) has always been recognized as a heterogeneous tumor, the advent of largescale molecular analysis has enabled robust categorization of this malignancy into several specific subgroups. Among the subtypes designated by expression profiling, mesenchymal tumors have been associated with an inflammatory microenvironment, increased angiogenesis, and resistance to therapy. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that plays a prominent role in mediating many of the central features associated with mesenchymal differentiation. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which NF-κB proteins and their co-regulating partners induce the transcriptional network that underlies the mesenchymal phenotype. Moreover, both the intrinsic changes within mesenchymal GBM cells and the microenvironmental factors that modify the overall NF-κB response are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtiar Yamini
- Section of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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7
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Qu M, Yu J, Liu H, Ren Y, Ma C, Bu X, Lan Q. The Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene SLC8A2 Inhibits Invasion, Angiogenesis and Growth of Glioblastoma. Mol Cells 2017; 40:761-772. [PMID: 29047259 PMCID: PMC5682253 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and most aggressive brain tumor in adults. Solute carrier family 8 member 2 (SLC8A2) is only expressed in normal brain, but not present in other human normal tissues or in gliomas. Therefore, we hypothesized that SLC8A2 might be a glioma tumor suppressor gene and detected the role of SLC8A2 in glioblastoma and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. The glioblastoma U87MG cells stably transfected with the lentivirus plasmid containg SLC8A2 (U87MG-SLC8A2) and negative control (U87MG-NC) were constructed. In the present study, we found that the tumorigenicity of U87MG in nude mice was totally inhibited by SLC8A2. Overexpression of SLC8A2 had no effect on cell proliferation or cell cycle, but impaired the invasion and migration of U87MG cells, most likely through inactivating the extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway, inhibiting the nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), reducing the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-its receptor (uPAR) system (ERK1/2-NF-κB-MMPs/uPA-uPAR), and altering the protein levels of epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT)-associated proteins E-cardherin, vimentin and Snail. In addition, SLC8A2 inhibited the angiogenesis of U87MG cells, probably through combined inhibition of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-nondependent angiogenesis (vascular mimicry pattern). Totally, SLC8A2 serves as a tumor suppressor gene and inhibits invasion, angiogenesis and growth of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital,
P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University,
P.R. China
| | - Ju Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,
P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mianyang Central Hospital,
P.R. China
| | - Ying Ren
- Department of Pathology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University,
P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital,
P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University,
P.R. China
| | - Xingyao Bu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital,
P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University,
P.R. China
| | - Qing Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,
P.R. China
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Panich T, Tragoolpua K, Pata S, Tayapiwatana C, Intasai N. Downregulation of Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer by scFv-M6-1B9 Intrabody Suppresses Cervical Cancer Invasion Through Inhibition of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2017; 32:1-8. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2016.2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tipattaraporn Panich
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Khajornsak Tragoolpua
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Biomolecular Therapy and Diagnostic, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Biomedical Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Tayapiwatana
- Biomedical Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Biomolecular Therapy and Diagnostic, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nutjeera Intasai
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Biomolecular Therapy and Diagnostic, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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9
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Zanotto-Filho A, Gonçalves RM, Klafke K, de Souza PO, Dillenburg FC, Carro L, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF. Inflammatory landscape of human brain tumors reveals an NFκB dependent cytokine pathway associated with mesenchymal glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2016; 390:176-187. [PMID: 28007636 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is being increasingly recognized as a key factor in cancer aggressiveness. In this study, we characterized the inflammatory gene signatures altered in glioma cell lines and tumor specimens of differing histological and molecular subtypes. The results showed that glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) shows upregulation of a subset of inflammatory genes when compared to astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. With molecular subtypes of GBM, the expression of inflammatory genes is heterogeneous, being enriched in mesenchymal and downregulated in Proneural/GCIMP. Other inflammation-associated processes such as tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) signatures are upregulated in mesenchymal, and a subset of 33 mesenchymal-enriched inflammatory and TAM markers showed correlation with poor survival. We found that various GBM tumor-upregulated genes such as IL6, IL8 and CCL2 are also actively expressed in glioma cell lines, playing differential and cooperative roles in promoting proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and macrophage polarization in vitro. These genes can be stimulated by pathways typically altered in GBM, including the EGFR, PDGFR, MEK1/2-ERK1/2, PI3K/Akt and NFκB cascades. Taken together, the results presented herein depict some inflammatory pathways altered in gliomas and highlight potentially relevant targets to therapy improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfeu Zanotto-Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rosângela Mayer Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina Klafke
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Oliveira de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Cristine Dillenburg
- Instituto de Informática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luigi Carro
- Instituto de Informática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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10
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Cahill KE, Morshed RA, Yamini B. Nuclear factor-κB in glioblastoma: insights into regulators and targeted therapy. Neuro Oncol 2015; 18:329-39. [PMID: 26534766 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that regulates multiple aspects of cancer formation, growth, and treatment response. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, is characterized by molecular heterogeneity, resistance to therapy, and high NF-κB activity. In this review, we examine the mechanisms by which oncogenic pathways active in GBM impinge on the NF-κB system, discuss the role of NF-κB signaling in regulating the phenotypic properties that promote GBM and, finally, review the components of the NF-κB pathway that have been targeted for treatment in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. While a direct role for NF-κB in gliomagenesis has not been reported, the importance of this transcription factor in the overall malignant phenotype suggests that more rational and specific targeting of NF-κB-dependent pathways can make a significant contribution to the management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk E Cahill
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ramin A Morshed
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bakhtiar Yamini
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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11
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Puliyappadamba VT, Hatanpaa KJ, Chakraborty S, Habib AA. The role of NF-κB in the pathogenesis of glioma. Mol Cell Oncol 2014; 1:e963478. [PMID: 27308348 PMCID: PMC4905061 DOI: 10.4161/23723548.2014.963478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of NF-κB affects multiple aspects of cancer biology including cell survival and resistance to treatment. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the brain in adults and is resistant to treatment. Recent studies have reported that NF-κB activation in GBM is widespread and have elucidated the underlying regulatory mechanisms. EGFR gene amplification and mutation are among the key genetic alterations in GBM, and aberrant EGFR signaling is a key activator of NF-κB in GBM. In this review we discuss the evidence for activation of NF-κB in GBM and the key signaling pathways involved. Substantial evidence suggests a role for NF-κB in the pathogenesis of GBM and its resistance to treatment, indicating that NF-κB pathways may be useful targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineshkumar Thidil Puliyappadamba
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235; Current address: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Kimmo J Hatanpaa
- Pathology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas TX 75390
| | - Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235; Current address: Department of Radiation Oncology, Methodist Research Institute, Houston TX 77030
| | - Amyn A Habib
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235; VA North Texas Health Care System; Dallas TX 75216
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12
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Vlachostergios PJ, Voutsadakis IA, Papandreou CN. The shaping of invasive glioma phenotype by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:87-92. [PMID: 24004256 DOI: 10.3109/15419061.2013.833192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein degradation is an indispensable process for cells which is often deregulated in various diseases, including malignant conditions. Depending on the specific cell type and functions of expressed proteins, this aberration may have different effects on the determination of malignant phenotypes. A discrete, inherent feature of malignant glioma is its profound invasive and migratory potential, regulated by the expression of signaling and effector proteins, many of which are also subjected to post-translational regulation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Here we provide an overview of this connection, focusing on important pro-invasive protein signals targeted by the UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis J Vlachostergios
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, University of Thessaly University Hospital of Larissa , Larissa , Greece
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13
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Jiang D, Zhang D, Qian Z, Liu C, Tao J. Inhibition of T-type Ca²⁺ channels by endostatin attenuates human glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 166:1247-60. [PMID: 22233416 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endostatin (ES) is a c-terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII with promising antitumour properties in several tumour models, including human glioblastoma. We hypothesized that this peptide could interact with plasma membrane ion channels and modulate their functions. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using cell proliferation and migration assays, patch clamp and Western blot analysis, we studied the effects of ES on the proliferation and migration of human glioblastoma U87 cells, mediated by T-type Ca²⁺ channels. KEY RESULTS Extracellular application of ES reversibly inhibited T-type Ca²⁺ channel currents (T-currents) in U87 cells, whereas L-type Ca²⁺ currents were not affected. This inhibitory effect was associated with a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of inactivation but was independent of G-protein and protein tyrosine kinase-mediated pathways. All three α₁ subunits of T-type Ca²⁺ channels (Ca(V) 3), α(1G) (Ca(V) 3.1), α(1H) (Ca(V) 3.2) and α(1I) (Ca(V) 3.3), were endogenously expressed in U87 cells. Using transfected HEK293 or CHO cells, we showed that only Ca(V) 3.1 and Ca(V) 3.2, but not Ca(V) 3.3 or Ca(V) 1.2 (L-type), channel currents were significantly inhibited. More interestingly, ES inhibited the proliferation and migration of U87 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the cells with the specific T-type Ca²⁺ channel blocker mibefradil occluded these inhibitory effects of ES. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study provides the first evidence that the antitumour effects of ES on glioblastoma cells is through direct inhibition of T-type Ca²⁺ channels and gives new insights into the future development of a new class of antiglioblastoma agents that target the proliferation and migration of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- The Special Procurement Ward & Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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15
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Berendsen S, Broekman M, Seute T, Snijders T, van Es C, de Vos F, Regli L, Robe P. Valproic acid for the treatment of malignant gliomas: review of the preclinical rationale and published clinical results. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:1391-415. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.694425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pierre Robe
- UMC Utrecht,
Utrecht, Netherlands
- University of Liège,
Liège, Belgium
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16
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Ortensi B, Osti D, Pellegatta S, Pisati F, Brescia P, Fornasari L, Levi D, Gaetani P, Colombo P, Ferri A, Nicolis S, Finocchiaro G, Pelicci G. Rai is a New Regulator of Neural Progenitor Migration and Glioblastoma Invasion. Stem Cells 2012; 30:817-32. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Fukushima T, Kawaguchi M, Yorita K, Tanaka H, Takeshima H, Umezawa K, Kataoka H. Antitumor effect of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin, a small molecule inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB, on glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2011; 14:19-28. [PMID: 21968049 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most malignant type of brain tumor. Despite recent advances in therapeutic modalities, the prognosis of glioblastoma remains very poor. Recent studies have indicated that RelA/nuclear factor (NF)-κB is consistently activated in human glioblastoma. In this study, we searched for a new treatment modality for glioblastoma, by examining the effects of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), a unique small molecule inhibitor of NF-κB. Addition of DHMEQ to cultured human glioblastoma cells inhibited the nuclear translocation of RelA. It also reduced the growth rate of human glioblastoma cells significantly in 6 cell lines and modestly in 3 among 10 cell lines examined. Then, we performed further analyses using 3 sensitive cell lines (U87, U251, and YKG-1). The growth retardation was accompanied by G2/M arrest in vitro. Increased apoptosis was observed in U87 and YKG-1, but not U251 cells after DHMEQ treatment. Then, we tested the efficacy of DHMEQ in chemoprevention through the use of a nude mouse model. Subcutaneous tumors formed by U87 or U251 cells were reduced by ∼40% in size by intraperitoneal administration of DHMEQ started immediately after implantation of the cells. DHMEQ treatment achieved statistically significant improvements in survival curves of mice intracranially implanted with U87 or U251 cells. Histological analysis revealed increased areas of necrosis, increased numbers of collapsed microvessels, decreased nuclear immunoreactivity of RelA, and decreased immunoreactivity of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in the DHMEQ-treated U87 tumor tissues. These results suggest that the targeting of NF-κB by DHMEQ may serve as a promising treatment modality in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Fukushima
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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18
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Panicker SP, Raychaudhuri B, Sharma P, Tipps R, Mazumdar T, Mal AK, Palomo JM, Vogelbaum MA, Haque SJ. p300- and Myc-mediated regulation of glioblastoma multiforme cell differentiation. Oncotarget 2011; 1:289-303. [PMID: 21304179 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenic potential of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells is, in part, attributable to their undifferentiated (neural stem cell-like) phenotype. Astrocytic differentiation of GBM cells is associated with transcriptional induction of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and repression of Nestin, whereas the reciprocal transcription program operates in undifferentiated GBM cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of these transcription programs remain elusive. Here, we show that the transcriptional co-activator p300 was expressed in GBM tumors and cell lines and acted as an activator of the GFAP gene and a repressor of the Nestin gene. On the other hand, Myc (formerly known as c-Myc overrode these p300 functions by repressing the GFAP gene and inducing the Nestin gene in GBM cells. Moreover, RNAi-mediated inhibition of p300 expression significantly enhanced the invasion potential of GBM cells in vitro. Taken together, these data suggest that dedifferentiated/undifferentiated GBM cells are more invasive than differentiated GBM cells. Because invasion is a major cause of GBM morbidity, differentiation therapy may improve the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith P Panicker
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio 44195, USA
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19
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Downregulation of Akt and FAK phosphorylation reduces invasion of glioblastoma cells by impairment of MT1-MMP shuttling to lamellipodia and downregulates MMPs expression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:655-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Zhao X, Laver T, DeVos A, Twitty G, DeVos M, Benveniste EN, Nozell SE. An NF-κB p65-cIAP2 link is necessary for mediating resistance to TNF-α induced cell death in gliomas. J Neurooncol 2011; 102:367-81. [PMID: 21279667 PMCID: PMC3736577 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are diffusively infiltrative and remain among the deadliest of all cancers. NF-κB is a transcription factor that mediates cell growth, migration and invasion, angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis. Normally, the activity of NF-κB is tightly regulated by numerous mechanisms. However, in many cancers, NF-κB is constitutively activated and may function as a tumor promoter. Herein, we show that in gliomas, NF-κB is constitutively activated and the levels of cIAP2, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Survivin are elevated. These genes are regulated by NF-κB and can inhibit apoptosis. To understand the potential role of NF-κB p65 in suppressing apoptosis, we generated human glioma cell lines that inducibly express shRNA molecules specific for p65. We demonstrate that in the absence of p65, TNF-α induced cIAP2 expression is significantly reduced while the levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Survivin are not affected. These data suggest that of these genes, only cIAP2 is a direct target of p65, which was confirmed using RT-PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. By reducing the levels of p65 and/or cIAP2 levels, we demonstrate that the levels of RIP poly-ubiquitination are reduced, and that p65-deficient glioma cells are more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of TNF-α. Specifically, in the presence of TNF-α glioma cells lacking p65 and/or cIAP2 showed cellular proliferation defects and underwent cell death. These data suggest that NF-κB and/or cIAP2 may be therapeutically relevant targets for the treatment of malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annelies DeVos
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005
| | - George Twitty
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005
| | - Marijke DeVos
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005
| | - Etty N. Benveniste
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005
| | - Susan E. Nozell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005
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21
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Onishi M, Ichikawa T, Kurozumi K, Date I. Angiogenesis and invasion in glioma. Brain Tumor Pathol 2011; 28:13-24. [PMID: 21221826 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-010-0007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in surgical and medical therapy, glioblastoma consistently remains a fatal disease. Over the last 20 years, no significant increase in survival has been achieved for patients with this disease. The formation of abnormal tumor vasculature and glioma cell invasion along white matter tracts are believed to be the major factors responsible for the resistance of these tumors to treatment. Therefore, investigation of angiogenesis and invasion in glioblastoma is essential for the development of a curative therapy. In our report, we first reviewed certain histopathological studies that focus on angiogenesis and invasion of human malignant gliomas. Second, we considered several animal models of glioma available for studying angiogenesis and invasion, including our novel animal models. Third, we focused on the molecular aspects of glioma angiogenesis and invasion, and the key mediators of these processes. Finally, we discussed the recent and ongoing clinical trials targeting tumor angiogenesis and invasion in glioma patients. A better understanding of the mechanism of glioma angiogenesis and invasion will lead to the development of new treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Onishi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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22
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Panicker SP, Raychaudhuri B, Sharma P, Tipps R, Mazumdar T, Mal AK, Palomo JM, Vogelbaum MA, Haque SJ. p300- and Myc-mediated regulation of glioblastoma multiforme cell differentiation. Oncotarget 2010; 1:289-303. [PMID: 21304179 PMCID: PMC3248108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenic potential of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells is, in part, attributable to their undifferentiated (neural stem cell-like) phenotype. Astrocytic differentiation of GBM cells is associated with transcriptional induction of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and repression of Nestin, whereas the reciprocal transcription program operates in undifferentiated GBM cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of these transcription programs remain elusive. Here, we show that the transcriptional co-activator p300 was expressed in GBM tumors and cell lines and acted as an activator of the GFAP gene and a repressor of the Nestin gene. On the other hand, Myc (formerly known as c-Myc overrode these p300 functions by repressing the GFAP gene and inducing the Nestin gene in GBM cells. Moreover, RNAi-mediated inhibition of p300 expression significantly enhanced the invasion potential of GBM cells in vitro. Taken together, these data suggest that dedifferentiated/undifferentiated GBM cells are more invasive than differentiated GBM cells. Because invasion is a major cause of GBM morbidity, differentiation therapy may improve the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith P. Panicker
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Baisakhi Raychaudhuri
- Brain Tumor & Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Russell Tipps
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Tapati Mazumdar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Asoke K. Mal
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, BLSC 3319 Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Juan M. Palomo
- Brain Tumor & Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Michael A. Vogelbaum
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Brain Tumor & Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - S. Jaharul Haque
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Brain Tumor & Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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23
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Samaranayake H, Määttä AM, Pikkarainen J, Ylä-Herttuala S. Future prospects and challenges of antiangiogenic cancer gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2010; 21:381-96. [PMID: 20163246 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1971 Judah Folkman proposed the concept of antiangiogenesis as a therapeutic target for cancer. More than 30 years later, concept became reality with the approval of the antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody bevacizumab as a first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Monoclonal antibodies and small molecular drugs are the most widely applied methods for inhibition of angiogenesis. The efficacy of these antiangiogenic modalities has been proven, in both preclinical and clinical settings. Although angiogenesis plays a major role in wound healing, hypoxia, and in the female reproductive cycle, inhibition of angiogenesis seems to be a relatively safe therapeutic option against cancers, and has therefore become a logical arena for a wide range of experimentation. The twentieth century has shown the boom of gene therapy and thus it has been applied also in the antiangiogenic setting. This review summarizes methods to induce antiangiogenic responses with gene therapy and discusses the obstacles and future prospects of antiangiogenic cancer gene therapy.
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24
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Esencay M, Newcomb EW, Zagzag D. HGF upregulates CXCR4 expression in gliomas via NF-kappaB: implications for glioma cell migration. J Neurooncol 2010; 99:33-40. [PMID: 20157762 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Invasion is a hallmark of malignant gliomas and is the main reason for therapeutic failure and recurrence of the tumor. CXCR4 is a key chemokine receptor implicated in glioma cell migration whose expression is regulated by hypoxia. Here, we report that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) upregulated CXCR4 protein expression in glioma cells. HGF pre-treatment increased migration of U87MG and LN229 glioma cells towards the CXCR4 ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha). AMD3100, a CXCR4 inhibitor, inhibited the increased migration of HGF pre-treated LN229 glioma cells towards SDF-1alpha. Following exposure to HGF and hypoxia, both cell lines showed nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB (p65). The HGF- and hypoxia-induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB (p65) involved phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaB-alpha. Knock-down of NF-kappaB expression inhibited the induction of CXCR4 expression in response to HGF, but not to hypoxia. However, knock-down of NF-kappaB expression inhibited the induction of CXCR4 expression in response to hypoxia in the presence of HGF. NF-kappaB mediated migration towards SDF-1alpha in response to HGF. Knock-down of NF-kappaB expression resulted in decreased migration of HGF pre-treated glioma cells towards SDF-1alpha. Therefore, HGF upregulates CXCR4 expression via NF-kappaB and leads to enhanced migration. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that a crosstalk mediated by NF-kappaB exists between the SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 and HGF/c-Met axes relevant to glioma cell migration. These findings imply that effective inhibition of glioma invasion should be directed against several ligand/receptor signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Esencay
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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25
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Badr CE, Niers JM, Tjon-Kon-Fat LA, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Tannous BA. Real-time monitoring of nuclear factor kappaB activity in cultured cells and in animal models. Mol Imaging 2009; 8:278-90. [PMID: 19796605 PMCID: PMC2856067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in many human disorders, including immune diseases and cancer. We designed a reporter system based on NF-kappaB responsive promoter elements driving expression of the secreted Gaussia princeps luciferase (Gluc). We show that this bioluminescent reporter is a highly sensitive tool for noninvasive monitoring of the kinetics of NF-kappaB activation and inhibition over time, both in conditioned medium of cultured cells and in the blood and urine of animals. NF-kappaB activation was successfully monitored in real time in endothelial cells in response to tumor angiogenic signaling, as well as in monocytes in response to inflammation. Further, we demonstrated dual blood monitoring of both NF-kappaB activation during tumor development as correlated to tumor formation using the NF-kappaB Gluc reporter, as well as the secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter. This NF-kappaB reporter system provides a powerful tool for monitoring NF-kappaB activity in real time in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Badr
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, 02129, USA
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26
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Badr CE, Niers JM, Tjon-Kon-Fat LA, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Tannous BA. Real-Time Monitoring of Nuclear Factor κB Activity in Cultured Cells and in Animal Models. Mol Imaging 2009. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2009.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a major role in many human disorders, including immune diseases and cancer. We designed a reporter system based on NF-κB responsive promoter elements driving expression of the secreted Gaussia princeps luciferase (Gluc). We show that this bioluminescent reporter is a highly sensitive tool for noninvasive monitoring of the kinetics of NF-κB activation and inhibition over time, both in conditioned medium of cultured cells and in the blood and urine of animals. NF-κB activation was successfully monitored in real time in endothelial cells in response to tumor angiogenic signaling, as well as in monocytes in response to inflammation. Further, we demonstrated dual blood monitoring of both NF-κB activation during tumor development as correlated to tumor formation using the NF-κB Gluc reporter, as well as the secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter. This NF-κB reporter system provides a powerful tool for monitoring NF-κB activity in real time in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E. Badr
- From the Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Neuro-oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna M. Niers
- From the Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Neuro-oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lee-Ann Tjon-Kon-Fat
- From the Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Neuro-oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David P. Noske
- From the Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Neuro-oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- From the Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Neuro-oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bakhos A. Tannous
- From the Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, and Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Neuro-oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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27
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Tate MC, Aghi MK. Biology of angiogenesis and invasion in glioma. Neurotherapeutics 2009; 6:447-57. [PMID: 19560735 PMCID: PMC5084181 DOI: 10.1016/j.nurt.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of adult brain tumors, in particular glioblastoma, remains a significant clinical challenge, despite modest advances in surgical technique, radiation, and chemotherapeutics. The formation of abnormal, dysfunctional tumor vasculature and glioma cell invasion along white matter tracts are believed to be major components of the inability to treat these tumors effectively. Recent insight into the fundamental processes governing glioma angiogenesis and invasion provide a renewed hope for development of novel strategies aimed at reducing the morbidity of this uniformly fatal disease. In this review, we discuss background biology of the blood brain barrier and its pertinence to blood vessel formation and tumor invasion. We will then focus our attention on the biology of glioma angiogenesis and invasion, and the key mediators of these processes. Last, we will briefly discuss recent and ongoing clinical trials targeting mediators of angiogenesis or invasion in glioma patients. The findings provide a renewed hope for those endeavoring to improve treatment of patients with glioma by providing a novel set of rational targets for translational drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Tate
- grid.266102.10000000122976811Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Room M779, 94143-0112 San Francisco, CA
| | - Manish K. Aghi
- grid.266102.10000000122976811Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Room M779, 94143-0112 San Francisco, CA
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Tewari R, Sharma V, Koul N, Ghosh A, Joseph C, Hossain Sk U, Sen E. Ebselen abrogates TNFalpha induced pro-inflammatory response in glioblastoma. Mol Oncol 2008; 3:77-83. [PMID: 19383369 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the pro-inflammatory response mediated by TNFalpha in glioblastoma and whether treatment with organoselenium Ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3[2H]one) can affect TNFalpha induced inflammatory response. Exposure to TNFalpha increased the expression of pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2). Treatment with Ebselen abrogated TNFalpha induced increase in pro-inflammatory mediators. Ebselen not only abrogated TNFalpha induced enhanced invasiveness of glioma cells by down-regulating matrix metallo proteinase (MMP-9) and urokinase plasminogen (uPa) activity, but also inhibited glioma cell migration. Treatment with Ebselen also down-regulated the enhanced ROS production of TNFalpha treated glioma cells. In addition, Ebselen induced DNA damage repair signaling response in glioma cells both in the presence and absence of TNFalpha. These studies indicate that together with its known ability to sensitize glioma cell to TNFalpha induced apoptosis, Ebselen can overcome TNFalpha induced pro-inflammatory mediators to prevent a build up of a deleterious pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Tewari
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122 050, India
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29
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Gabellini C, Castellini L, Trisciuoglio D, Kracht M, Zupi G, Del Bufalo D. Involvement of nuclear factor-kappa B in bcl-xL-induced interleukin 8 expression in glioblastoma. J Neurochem 2008; 107:871-82. [PMID: 18786178 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05661.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that bcl-xL regulates interleukin 8 (CXCL8) protein expression and promoter activity in glioblastoma cells. In this paper we demonstrate that CXCL8 induction by bcl-xL is mediated through a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-dependent mechanism. Mutational studies on the CXCL8 promoter showed that NF-kB binding site was required for bcl-xL-induced promoter activity and an enhanced nuclear expression of NF-kB subunits p65 and p50 was observed after bcl-xL over-expression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed an increased DNA-binding activity of NF-kB in bcl-xL over-expressing cells and the use of specific antibodies confirmed the involvement of p65 and p50 in NF-kB activity on CXCL8 promoter sequence. NF-kB activity regulation by bcl-xL involved IkBalpha and IKK complex signaling pathway. In fact, bcl-xL over-expression induced a decrease of cytoplasmic expression of the IkBalpha protein, paralleled by an increase in the phosphorylation of the same IkBalpha and IKKalpha/beta. Moreover, the down-regulation of the ectopic or endogenous bcl-xL expression through RNA interference confirmed the ability of bcl-xL to modulate NF-kB pathway, and the transient expression of a degradation-resistant form of the cytoplasmic NF-kB inhibitor IkBalpha in bcl-xL transfectants confirmed the involvement of that inhibitor in bcl-xL-induced CXCL8 expression and promoter activity. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the role of NF-kB as the mediator of bcl-xL-induced CXCL8 up-regulation in glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gabellini
- Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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30
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Yang J, Lei YF, Yin W, Wei SH, An QX, Lv X, Hu XB, Xu ZK. Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody specific for NS3 helicase of hepatitis C virus. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2008; 27:181-6. [PMID: 18582211 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2007.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the major etiological agent of chronic hepatitis, which leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinomas. HCV NS3 helicase is a promising target of anti-virus therapy. In this report, we discuss a strategy to generate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of the HCV NS3 helicase, and investigate its potential characteristic. Our results showed the production of MAbs against NS3 helicase, which could specifically recognize the native NS3 helicase in transiently transfected cells in the immunofluorescence experiment. The resultant MAbs were used as the first antibody in Western blot analyses, and observed the specific band that defines the NS3 helicase. Likewise, one MAb could inhibit the NS3 helicase enzymatic activity distinctly in the NS3 helicase-mediated DNA-unwinding assay. To conclude, these antibodies may be useful to generate specific diagnostic tools for HCV infection and may also be developed for potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- The State Key Discipline and Department of Microbiology Fourth Medical Military University, 17th Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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31
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Laht S, Meerits K, Altroff H, Faust H, Tsaney R, Kogerman P, Järvekülg L, Paalme V, Valkna A, Timmusk S. Generation and characterization of a single-chain Fv antibody against G, a hedgehog signaling pathway transcription factor. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2008; 27:167-74. [PMID: 18582209 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2008.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Gli3 is a key regulator of development, controlling multiple patterning steps. Here we report the generation of a scFv antibody specific to the repressor domain of human Gli3. We show that this scFv retains the binding capacity of its parent anti-Gli3 monoclonal antibody derived from hybridoma clone 5E1. When expressed in mammalian cells, the anti-Gli3 scFv co-localizes with intracellular Gli3. Immunocytochemical staining of the intrabody in Gli3-positive TM4 cells shows a distinct perinuclear cytoplasmic localization. Such a scFv constitutes a useful tool for studying transcriptional regulation of the hedgehog pathway in mammals and offers a starting point for developing novel Gli-related therapeutic intrabodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silja Laht
- Celecure AS, Akadeemia tee, Tallinn, Estonia
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32
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Sarkar D, Park ES, Emdad L, Lee SG, Su ZZ, Fisher PB. Molecular basis of nuclear factor-kappaB activation by astrocyte elevated gene-1. Cancer Res 2008; 68:1478-84. [PMID: 18316612 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-6164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is a consistently fatal brain cancer. The tumor invades the surrounding tissue, limiting complete surgical removal and thereby initiating recurrence. Identifying molecules critical for glioma invasion is essential to develop targeted, effective therapies. The expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) increases in malignant glioma and AEG-1 regulates in vitro invasion and migration of malignant glioma cells by activating the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway. The present studies elucidate the domains of AEG-1 important for mediating its function. Serial NH(2)-terminal and COOH-terminal deletion mutants were constructed and functional analysis revealed that the NH(2)-terminal 71 amino acids were essential for invasion, migration, and NF-kappaB-activating properties of AEG-1. The p65-interaction domain was identified between amino acids 101 to 205, indicating that p65 interaction alone is not sufficient to mediate AEG-1 function. Coimmunoprecipitation assays revealed that AEG-1 interacts with cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein-binding protein (CBP), indicating that it might act as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB, CBP, and the basal transcription machinery. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that AEG-1 is associated with the NF-kappaB binding element in the interleukin-8 promoter. Thus, AEG-1 might function as a coactivator for NF-kappaB, consequently augmenting expression of genes necessary for invasion of glioma cells. In these contexts, AEG-1 represents a viable potential target for the therapy of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Urology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
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