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Liu Y, Lin L, Zheng H, Huang H, Qian ZJ. Microalgae Octapeptide IIAVEAGC Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in 6-OHDA-Induced SH-SY5Y Cells by Regulating the Nrf2/HO-1and Jak2/Stat3 Pathways. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301509. [PMID: 38594219 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of selectively vulnerable populations of neurons, and many factors are involved in its causes. Neurotoxicity and oxidative stress, are the main related factors. The octapeptide Ile-Ile-Ala-Val-Glu-Ala-Gly-Cys (IEC) was identified from the microalgae Isochrysis zhanjiangensis and exhibited potential anti-oxidative stress activity. In this study, the stability of α-synaptic protein binding to IEC was modeled using molecular dynamics, and the results indicated binding stabilization within 60 ns. Oxidative stress in neurons is the major cause of α-synaptic protein congestion. Therefore, we next evaluated the protective effects of IEC against oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in 6-ohdainduced Parkinson's disease (PD) model SH-SY5Y cells in vitro. In oxidative stress, IEC appeared to increase the expression of the antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and GPX through the antioxidant pathway of Nrf2, and molecular docking of IEC with Nrf2 and GPX could generate hydrogen bonds. Regarding apoptosis, IEC protected cells by increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, inhibiting the caspase cascade, acting on p53, and modulating the Jak2/Stat3 pathway. The results indicated that IEC exerted neuroprotective effects through the inhibition of α-synaptic protein aggregation and antioxidant activity. Therefore, microalgal peptides have promising applications in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Liyuan Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Huixue Huang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- School of Chemistry and Environment, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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Pharmacological Inhibition of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Breast Cancer Progression. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134049. [PMID: 35807290 PMCID: PMC9268373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, is associated with the development of various malignancies via modulating various cellular signaling cascades. Published research has established the fact that inhibition of endogenous H2S production or exposure of H2S donors is an effective approach against cancer progression. However, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of endogenous H2S-producing enzymes (cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST)) on the growth of breast cancer (BC) remains unknown. In the present study, DL-propargylglycine (PAG, inhibitor of CSE), aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA, inhibitor of CBS), and L-aspartic acid (L-Asp, inhibitor of 3-MPST) were used to determine the role of endogenous H2S in the growth of BC by in vitro and in vivo experiments. An in silico study was also performed to confirm the results. Corresponding to each enzyme in separate groups, we treated BC cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) with 10 mM of PAG, AOAA, and L-Asp for 24 h. Findings reveal that the combined dose (PAG + AOAA + L-Asp) group showed exclusive inhibitory effects on BC cells’ viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion compared to the control group. Further, treated cells exhibited increased apoptosis and a reduced level of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases such as p-AKT, p-PI3K, and p-mTOR. Moreover, the combined group exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of BC xenograft tumors in nude mice, without obvious toxicity. The molecular docking results were consistent with the wet lab experiments and enhanced the reliability of the drugs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the inhibition of endogenous H2S production can significantly inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells via the AKT/PI3K/mTOR pathway and suggest that endogenous H2S may act as a promising therapeutic target in human BC cells. Our study also empowers the rationale to design novel H2S-based anti-tumor drugs to cure BC.
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Chiang IT, Liu YC, Liu HS, Ali AAA, Chou SY, Hsu TI, Hsu FT. Regorafenib Reverses Temozolomide-Induced CXCL12/CXCR4 Signaling and Triggers Apoptosis Mechanism in Glioblastoma. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:616-634. [PMID: 35267171 PMCID: PMC9226247 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) monotherapy is known to be insufficient for resistant/relapsed glioblastoma (GBM), thus seeking a sensitization agent for TMZ is necessary. It was found that regorafenib may improve the overall survival of relapsed GBM patients. We aimed to discover whether regorafenib can enhance the anti-GBM effects of TMZ, and elucidate underlying mechanism. Our analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed that the increased expression of CXCR4 is linked to poor survival of GBM patients. Additionally, TMZ treatment may trigger CXCR4/CXCL12 axis of GBM. We used two GBM cell lines, two primary GBM cells, and animal model to identify underlying mechanism and treatment efficacy of regorafenib combined with TMZ by cytotoxicity, apoptosis, reporter gene and invasion/migration assays, chemokine array, Western blotting, MRI, microarray, and immunohistochemistry. We observed that the chemokine CXCL-12 and its receptor CXCR4 regulate the resistance to TMZ, whereas the inhibition of CXCL-12/CXCR4 signaling sensitizes GBM cells to TMZ. The TMZ-induced CXCL-12/CXCR4 signaling, phosphor-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and NF-κB-related proteins can effectively diminish when combining with regorafenib. Regorafenib significantly enhanced the TMZ-induced extrinsic/intrinsic apoptotic pathways, and facilitated the suppression of invasion and migration potential in GBM. Orthotopic tumor experiments demonstrated tumor size reduction and prolonged survival in combination group even with half-dose of TMZ. Our findings provide promising evidence that regorafenib may sensitize GBM to TMZ treatment through inhibition of the CXCL12/CXCR4/ERK/NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Tsang Chiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, 505, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 406, Taiwan
- Medical administrative center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, 505, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 406, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Shan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering & Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed Atef Ahmed Ali
- TMU Neuroscience Research Center - NeuroImage, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yi Chou
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institute, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institute, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institute, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Fei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Rouston VGD, Shaaban AAA, Abd Allah DM, Kotb AF. Survivin and Caspase-3 Cannot Predict Recurrence for Urinary Bladder Carcinoma. SN COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 3:2292-2300. [DOI: 10.1007/s42399-021-01052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Li H, Lu Y, Chung J, Han J, Kim H, Yao Q, Kim G, Wu X, Long S, Peng X, Yoon J. Activation of apoptosis by rationally constructing NIR amphiphilic AIEgens: surmounting the shackle of mitochondrial membrane potential for amplified tumor ablation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10522-10531. [PMID: 34447545 PMCID: PMC8356816 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02227j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) for biological imaging and phototherapy has become an area of intense research. However, most traditional AIEgens suffer from undesired aggregation in aqueous media with "always on" fluorescence, or their targeting effects cannot be maintained accurately in live cells with the microenvironment changes. These drawbacks seriously impede their application in the fields of bio-imaging and antitumor therapy, which require a high signal-to-noise ratio. Herein, we propose a molecular design strategy to tune the dispersity of AIEgens in both lipophilic and hydrophilic systems to obtain the novel near-infrared (NIR, ∼737 nm) amphiphilic AIE photosensitizer (named TPA-S-TPP) with two positive charges as well as a triplet lifetime of 11.43 μs. The synergistic effects of lipophilicity, electrostatic interaction, and structure-anchoring enable the wider dynamic range of AIEgen TPA-S-TPP for mitochondrial targeting with tolerance to the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m). Intriguingly, TPA-S-TPP was difficult for normal cells to be taken up, indicative of low inherent toxicity for normal cells and tissues. Deeper insight into the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential and cleaved caspase 3 levels further revealed the mechanism of tumor cell apoptosis activated by AIEgen TPA-S-TPP under light irradiation. With its advantages of low dark toxicity and good biocompatibility, acting as an efficient theranostic agent, TPA-S-TPP was successfully applied to kill cancer cells and to efficiently inhibit tumor growth in mice. This study will provide a new avenue for researchers to design more ideal amphiphilic AIE photosensitizers with NIR fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jeewon Chung
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Qichao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 P. R. China
| | - Gyoungmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
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Zhu SF, Sun B, Li JK, Cai Y, Li PF, Hong JC, Li JH, Xu SW, Li XY, Xue CW, Gu BB, Wu JF, Zhou XB, Suo H, Duan PL, Wu XX, Li SW. Prediction of Re-positivity for Coronavirus Nucleic Acid Among COVID-19 Patients in the Recovery Phase. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:620727. [PMID: 34026776 PMCID: PMC8131547 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.620727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although the pathogenesis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been gradually revealed, the risk for re-emergence of coronavirus nucleic acids in recovered patients remains poorly understood. Hence, this study evaluated the risk predictors associated with re-positivity for virus nucleic acid. Methods: Between February 1 and March 20, 2020, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical epidemiological data of 129 COVID-19 patients who were treated at Zhongxiang People's Hospital of Hubei Province in China. Subsequently, a risk prediction model for the re-positivity of virus nucleic acid was developed, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn for further validation. Results: In this study, the rate of re-positivity for virus nucleic acid was 17.8% (23/129) where all re-positivity cases were asymptomatic. The median time interval from discharge to nucleic acid re-positivity to discharge after being cured again was 11.5 days (range: 7-23 days). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that leukocytopenia [odds ratio (OR) 7.316, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.319-23.080, p = 0.001], prealbumin < 150 mg/L (OR 4.199, 95% CI 1.461-12.071, p = 0.008), and hyperpyrexia (body temperature >39°C, OR 4.643, 95% CI 1.426-15.117, p = 0.011) were independent risk factors associated with re-positivity. The area under the ROC curve was 0.815 (95% CI, 0.729-0.902). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with leukocytopenia, low prealbumin level, and hyperpyrexia are more likely to test positive for virus nucleic acid after discharge. Timely and effective treatment and appropriate extension of hospital stays and quarantine periods may be feasible strategies for managing such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Brain Surgery, Zhongxiang People's Hospital, Jinmen, China
| | - Jin-Kuang Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongxiang People's Hospital, Jinmen, China
| | - Yue Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Ji-Chang Hong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongxiang People's Hospital, Jinmen, China
| | - Jin-Hai Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhongxiang People's Hospital, Jinmen, China
| | - Shi-Wen Xu
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | | | | | - Bin-Bin Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jian-Fen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xian-Bin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Hong Suo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Pei-Lin Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shao-Wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Lin L, Yang S, Xiao Z, Hong P, Sun S, Zhou C, Qian ZJ. The Inhibition Effect of the Seaweed Polyphenol, 7-Phloro-Eckol from Ecklonia Cava on Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress in HepG2/CYP2E1 Cells. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:158. [PMID: 33802989 PMCID: PMC8002839 DOI: 10.3390/md19030158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is vulnerable to oxidative stress-induced damage, which leads to many diseases, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Liver disease endanger people's health, and the incidence of ALD is increasing; therefore, prevention is very important. 7-phloro-eckol (7PE) is a seaweed polyphenol, which was isolated from Ecklonia cava in a previous study. In this study, the antioxidative stress effect of 7PE on HepG2/CYP2E1 cells was evaluated by alcohol-induced cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and expression of related inflammation and apoptosis proteins. The results showed that 7PE caused alcohol-induced cytotoxicity to abate, reduced the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), and effectively inhibited DNA damage in HepG2/CYP2E1 cells. Additionally, the expression levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Akt increased, while γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), Bcl-2 related x (Bax), cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and JNK decreased. Finally, molecular docking proved that 7PE could bind to BCL-2 and GSH protein. These results indicate that 7PE can alleviate the alcohol-induced oxidative stress injury of HepG2 cells and that 7PE may have a potential application prospect in the future development of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524-088, China
| | - Shengtao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524-088, China
| | - Zhenbang Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524-088, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524-088, China
| | - Shengli Sun
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524-088, China
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, China; (L.L.); (S.Y.); (Z.X.); (P.H.); (S.S.); (C.Z.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524-088, China
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Zhang J, Chai S, Ruan X. SOX4 Serves an Oncogenic Role in the Tumourigenesis of Human Breast Adenocarcinoma by Promoting Cell Proliferation, Migration and Inhibiting Apoptosis. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 15:49-58. [PMID: 32048979 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200212112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is among the most common malignant cancers worldwide, and breast adenocarcinoma in glandular tissue cells has excessive metastasis and invasion capability. However, little is known on the molecular process by which this disease develops and progresses. OBJECTIVE In this study, we explored the effects of sex-determining region Y-box 4 (SOX4) protein on proliferation, migration, apoptosis and tumourigenesis of breast adenocarcinoma and its possible mechanisms. METHODS The SOX4 overexpression or knockdown Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cell lines were established. Among the SOX4 overexpression or MCF-7 knockdown cell lines, proliferation, migration ability and apoptosis rate were detected. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Cleaved caspase-3) were analysed using Western blot. The effect of SOX4 on tumourigenesis was analysed using the clone formation assay in vitro and tumour xenograft experiment in nude mice. RESULTS Compared with the overexpression of control cells, proliferation and migration ability of SOX4 overexpression cells significantly increased, the apoptosis rate significantly decreased in addition to the expression levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 (P < 0.05). Compared with the knockdown of control cells, proliferation and migration ability of SOX4 knockdown cells significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate and expression levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 significantly increased (P < 0.05). Clone formation and tumour growth abilities of SOX4 overexpression cells were significantly higher than those of the control cells (P < 0.05), whereas SOX4 knockdown cells had the opposite effect. CONCLUSION SOX4 plays an oncogenic role in breast adenocarcinoma tumourigenesis by promoting cell proliferation, migration and inhibiting apoptosis. It can be used as a potential molecular target for breast cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhe Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Shujie Chai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Ruan
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
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Thomas L, Smith N, Saunders D, Zalles M, Gulej R, Lerner M, Fung KM, Carcaboso AM, Towner RA. OKlahoma Nitrone-007: novel treatment for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. J Transl Med 2020; 18:424. [PMID: 33168005 PMCID: PMC7654606 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is the most common brainstem cancer in childhood. This rapidly progressing brainstem glioma holds a very dismal prognosis with median survival of less than 1 year. Despite extensive research, no significant therapeutic advancements have been made to improve overall survival in DIPG patients. METHODS Here, we used an orthotopic xenograft pediatric DIPG (HSJD-DIPG-007) mouse model to monitor the effects of anti-cancer agent, OKlahoma Nitrone-007 (OKN-007), as an inhibitor of tumor growth after 28 days of treatment. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we confirmed the previously described efficacy of LDN-193189, a known activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1) inhibitor, in decreasing tumor burden and found that OKN-007 was equally efficacious. RESULTS After 28 days of treatment, the tumor volumes were significantly decreased in OKN-007 treated mice (p < 0.01). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), as a measure of tissue structural alterations, was significantly decreased in OKN-007 treated tumor-bearing mice (p < 0.0001). Histological analysis also showed a significant decrease in CD34 expression, essential for angiogenesis, of OKN-007 treated mice (p < 0.05) compared to LDN-193189 treated mice. OKN-007-treated mice also significantly decreased protein expression of the human nuclear antigen (HNA) (p < 0.001), ACVR1 (p < 0.0001), and c-MET (p < 0.05), as well as significantly increased expression of cleaved caspase 3 (p < 0.001) and histone H3 K27-trimethylation (p < 0.01), compared to untreated mouse tumors. CONCLUSIONS With the dismal prognosis and limited effective chemotherapy available for DIPG, there is significant room for continued research studies, and OKN-007 merits further exploration as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincy Thomas
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- The Jimmy Everest Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders in Children, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern in the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nataliya Smith
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Debra Saunders
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Michelle Zalles
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Pharmaceutical Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Megan Lerner
- Surgery Research Laboratory, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Angel M Carcaboso
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Juan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rheal A Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Beheshti F, Hosseini M, Arab Z, Asghari A, Anaeigoudari A. Ameliorative role of metformin on lipopolysaccharide-mediated liver malfunction through suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress in rats. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1833037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farimah Beheshti
- Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Arab
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Asghari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akbar Anaeigoudari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
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11
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Li Z, Song Y, Yuan P, Guo W, Hu X, Xing W, Ao L, Tan Y, Wu X, Ao X, He X, Jiang D, Liang H, Xu X. Antibacterial Fusion Protein BPI21/LL-37 Modification Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of hUC-MSCs in Sepsis. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1806-1817. [PMID: 32445625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, which is characterized by multiple organ dysfunctions as a result of an unbalanced host-inflammatory response to pathogens, is potentially a life-threatening condition and a major cause of death in the intensive care units (ICUs). However, effective treatment or intervention to prevent sepsis-associated lethality is still lacking. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation has been shown to have potent immunomodulatory properties and improve tissue repair yet lacks direct antibacterial and endotoxin clearance activities. In this study, we engineered hUC-MSCs to express a broad-spectrum antibacterial fusion peptide containing BPI21 and LL-37 (named BPI21/LL-37) and confirmed that the BPI21/LL-37 modification did not affect the stemness and immunoregulatory capacities of hUC-MSCs but remarkably, enhanced its antibacterial and toxin-neutralizing activities in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that administration of BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs significantly reduces serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6, whereas increases that of IL-10 in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse model. Administration of BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs significantly reduced systemic endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) levels and organ bacterial load, ameliorated damage to multiple organs, and improved survival. Taken together, our study demonstrates that BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs might offer a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat sepsis via enhanced antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties to preserve organ functions better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yuqing Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Peisong Yuan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Luoquan Ao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Dongpo Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Huaping Liang
- Department of Wound Infection and Drug, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
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12
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The Protective Effect of the Polysaccharide Precursor, D-Isofloridoside, from Laurencia undulata on Alcohol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051024. [PMID: 32106572 PMCID: PMC7179215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) threatens human health, so it is imperative that we find ways to prevent or treat it. In recent years, the study of polysaccharides has shown that they have different kinds of bioactivities. Among them are many biological effects that have been attributed to polysaccharide precursors. D-Isofloridoside (DIF) is one of the polysaccharide precursors from the marine red alga Laurencia undulata. This study evaluated the effect of DIF on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). As a result, DIF attenuated alcohol-induced cytotoxicity, reduced the amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and effectively reduced alcohol-induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells. In addition, a western blot showed that, after DIF treatment, the expression levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) increased, while the expression levels of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), BCL2-associated X (bax), cleaved caspase-3, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signal transduction proteins reduced. This showed that DIF may protect cells by reducing the amount of intracellular ROS and inhibiting intracellular oxidative stress and apoptotic processes. Finally, molecular docking demonstrated that DIF can bind to SOD, GGT, B-cell lymphoma-2, and bax proteins. These results indicated that DIF can protect HepG2 cells from alcohol-induced oxidative stress damage, making it an effective potential ingredient in functional foods.
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Zou X, Zhu C, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Fu F, Chen Y, Zhou J. MicroRNA-708 Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Enhances Chemosensitivity of Cervical Cancer Cells to cDDP by Negatively Targeting Timeless. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:225-235. [PMID: 32021269 PMCID: PMC6966141 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s227015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated mortality in women worldwide. Previous studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in multiple biological aspects of cancer progression by regulating gene expression. Here, we investigated the role of microRNA-708 (miR-708) in cervical cancer. Methods The expression levels of miR-708 in cervical cancer tissues and paired-normal cervical tissues were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The interaction between miR-708 and Timeless was identified by bioinformatics method, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and Western blotting. The effects of over-expression of miR-708 on cell proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. DNA damage induced by over-expression of miR-708 was determined by comet assay. Expression levels of the genes involved in repair of DNA damage were analyzed by Western blotting. Results MiR-708 was down-regulated in cervical cancer tissues compared with paired-normal cervical tissues. By bioinformatics method, Western blotting, and dual-luciferase reporter assay, we found that Timeless was a direct target of miR-708. Furthermore, miR-708 suppressed cellular viability, colony formation, promoted apoptosis, and induced DNA damage levels. MiR-708 also enhanced chemosensitivity of cervical cancer cells to cDDP via impairing the ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway. Conclusion We conclude that miR-708 suppresses cell proliferation, facilitates cisplatin efficacy, and impairs DNA repair pathway in cervical cancer cells. These results demonstrate that miR-708 might be a candidate therapeutic target for future cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenjie Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqing Fu
- Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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14
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Guo T, Guo Y, Gong Y, Ji J, Hao S, Deng J, Wang B. An enhanced charge-driven intranasal delivery of nicardipine attenuates brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:46-56. [PMID: 31121211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal drug delivery provided an alternative and effective approach for the intervention of an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the short retention time at the absorption site and slow drug transport in intranasal gel influence the drug bioavailability and outcome of ICH. Herein, we fabricated a novel intranasal gel with oriented drug migration utilizing a charge-driven strategy to attenuate brain injury after ICH. Nicardipine hydrochloride (NCD) was entrapped in chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) and dispersed in an HAMC gel. Subsequently, one side of the gel was coated with a positively charged film. The oriented migration of CS NPs in the HAMC gel was determined, and the drug bioavailability was also enhanced. Furthermore, a blood-induced ICH rat model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CS NPs + HAMC composites. Intranasal administration of the CS NPs + HAMC (+) composite showed a stronger neuroprotective effect in terms of brain edema reduction and neural apoptosis inhibition compared to the CS NPs + HAMC composite. These results suggested that the oriented and rapid drug transport from nose to brain can be achieved using the charge-driven strategy, and this intranasal drug delivery system has the potential to provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuhua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jingou Ji
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Shilei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Jia Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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15
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Wu M, Chang Q, Hu H, Zhao X. Improving Selectivity, Proteolytic Stability, and Antitumor Activity of Hymenochirin-1B: A Novel Glycosylated Staple Strategy. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:516-525. [PMID: 30789695 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a host defense peptide, hymenochirin-1B has attracted increasing attention for its strong cytotoxic activities. However, its poor selectivity and proteolytic stability remain major obstacles for clinical application. To solve these problems, we designed and synthesized a series of peptide analogues of hymenochirin-1B based on cationic residue substitution and stapling combined with a glycosylation strategy. Some analogues showed improvement not only in selectivity and proteolytic stability but also in antitumor activity. Among them, the glycosylated stapled peptide H-58 was identified as the most potential antitumor peptide. Flow cytometry and a competitive binding assay revealed that H-58 displayed significant antitumor selectivity. Confocal microscopy and nuclear staining with Hoechst dye demonstrated that H-58 entered the nucleus and caused DNA damage. In summary, the strategy of glycosylated stapled peptides is a promising approach for improving the antitumor selectivity, proteolytic stability, and antitumor activity of hymenochirin-1B, which can be used for other bioactive peptide modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Minghao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Honggang Hu
- Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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16
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Chen MF, Gong F, Zhang YY, Li C, Zhou C, Hong P, Sun S, Qian ZJ. Preventive Effect of YGDEY from Tilapia Fish Skin Gelatin Hydrolysates against Alcohol-Induced Damage in HepG2 Cells through ROS-Mediated Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020392. [PMID: 30781878 PMCID: PMC6412572 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
According to a previous study, YGDEY from tilapia fish skin gelatin hydrolysates has strong free radical scavenging activity. In the present study, the protective effect of YGDEY against oxidative stress induced by ethanol in HepG2 cells was investigated. First, cells were incubated with YGDEY (10, 20, 50, and 100 μM) to assess cytotoxicity, and there was no significant change in cell viability. Next, it was established that YGDEY decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot results indicated that YGDEY increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) and decreased the expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in HepG2 cells. It was then revealed that YGDEY markedly reduced the expressions of bax and cleaved-caspase-3 (c-caspase-3); inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, IκB-α, p65, and p38; and increased the level of bcl-2. Moreover, the comet assay showed that YGDEY effectively decreased the amount of ethanol-induced DNA damage. Thus, YGDEY protected HepG2 cells from alcohol-induced injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, and this may be associated with the Akt/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways. These results demonstrate that YGDEY from tilapia fish skin gelatin hydrolysates protects HepG2 cells from oxidative stress, making it a potential functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Fang Gong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Chengyong Li
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518114, China.
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Shengli Sun
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518114, China.
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17
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Ouadah NS, Lecomte A, Robidel F, Olsson A, Deltour I, Schüz J, Blazy K, Villégier AS. Possible effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on in vivo C6 brain tumors in Wistar rats. J Neurooncol 2018; 140:539-546. [PMID: 30421158 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor which has one of the poorest prognosis. It is not clear if toxic environmental factors can influence its aggressiveness. Recently, it was suggested that brain cancer patients with heavy cell phone use showed reduced survival. Here we aimed to assess the effect of controlled brain averaged specific absorption rate (BASAR) from heavy use of cell phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on in vivo C6 brain tumors in Wistar rats. METHODS C6 cells grafted male rats were exposed to GSM 900 MHz signal at environmental BASAR, 0 (sham), 0.25 or 0.5 W/kg (5 days a week, 45 min a day in restraint), or were cage controls (no restraint). At death, tumor volume and immunohistochemistry for CD31, cleaved caspase (CC) 3 and Ki67 were assessed to examine vascularization, apoptosis and cellular divisions, respectively. Moreover, immune cell invasion, necrosis and mitotic index were determined. RESULTS Results showed no BASAR effect on survival (31 days post-graft median), tumor volume, mitotic index, vascularization, infiltration, necrosis or cell division. However, results suggested a BASAR-dependent reduction of immune cell invasion and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested an action of RF-EMF by reducing immune cell invasion and glioblastoma cell apoptosis, at probably too low amplitude to impact survival. Further replication studies are needed to confirm these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal S Ouadah
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP no. 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- PERITOX-INERIS laboratory, CURS, Picardie University Jules Verne, CHU Sud, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Anthony Lecomte
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP no. 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- PERITOX-INERIS laboratory, CURS, Picardie University Jules Verne, CHU Sud, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Franck Robidel
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP no. 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- PERITOX-INERIS laboratory, CURS, Picardie University Jules Verne, CHU Sud, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Ann Olsson
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Deltour
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Kelly Blazy
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP no. 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- PERITOX-INERIS laboratory, CURS, Picardie University Jules Verne, CHU Sud, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Villégier
- Institut national de l'environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Parc Technologique ALATA, BP no. 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
- PERITOX-INERIS laboratory, CURS, Picardie University Jules Verne, CHU Sud, 80054, Amiens, France.
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18
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Pang L, Zhu Y, Qin J, Zhao W, Wang J. Primary M1 macrophages as multifunctional carrier combined with PLGA nanoparticle delivering anticancer drug for efficient glioma therapy. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1922-1931. [PMID: 30465444 PMCID: PMC6263108 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1502839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma remains difficult to treat because of the infiltrative growth of tumor cells and their resistance to standard therapy. Despite rapid development of targeted drug delivery system, the current therapeutic efficacy is still challenging. Based on our previous studies, macrophages have been proved to be promising drug carrier for active glioma delivery. To make full use of macrophage carrier, primary M1 macrophages were proposed to replace regular macrophage to deliver nanodrugs into glioma, because M1 macrophages not only have the natural ability to home into tumor tissues, but they also have stronger phagocytic capability than other types of macrophage, which can enable them to uptake enough drug-loaded nanoparticles for therapy. In addition, M1 macrophages are not easily affected by harsh tumor microenvironment and inhibit tumor growth themselves. In this study, M1 macrophage-loaded nanoparticles (M1-NPs) were prepared by incubating poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles with primary M1 macrophages. In vitro cell assays demonstrated M1 macrophage still maintained good tumor tropism capability after particle loading, and could efficiently carry particles across endothelial barrier into tumor tissues. In vivo imaging verified that M1-NPs exhibited higher brain tumor distribution than free nanoparticles. DOX@M1-NPs (doxorubicin-loaded M1-NPs) presented significantly enhanced anti-glioma effect with prolonged survival median and increased cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the results provided a new strategy exploiting M1 macrophage as carrier for drug delivery, which improved targeting efficiency and therapeutic efficacy of chemodrugs for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Pang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmaceutics, Schoolof Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Insitituteof Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmaceutics, Schoolof Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmaceutics, Schoolof Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Zhang RY, Qiao ZY, Liu HJ, Ma JW. Sonic hedgehog signaling regulates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced H9C2 myocardial cell apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4193-4200. [PMID: 30344694 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway has been reported to protect cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury; however, the role of Shh and relevant molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the rat cardiomyoblast cell line H9C2 was subjected to hypoxia and serum-starvation for 4 h. Cells were subsequently reoxygenated using 95% O2 and 5% CO2. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantify the expression of Shh mRNA, while cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Caspase-3 activity and p53 expression were measured by western blotting and an MTT assay was subsequently used to assess cell viability. In addition, reactive oxygen species levels were measured using dichlorofluorescein and H/R-induced changes in the activation of superoxide dismutase, catalase, phosphorylated-endothelial nitric oxide synthase, phosphorylated-protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin activation were assessed using western blotting. H/R treatment decreased the cell viability of H9C2 cells, but activated endogenous Shh signaling. The activation of Shh signaling protected H9C2 myocardial cells from H/R-induced apoptosis and restored cell viability. In the present study, Shh signaling was demonstrated to serve a protective role against H/R by activating the phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway and promoting the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes to ameliorate oxidative stress. In summary, Shh signaling attenuated H/R-induced apoptosis through via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201400, P.R. China
| | - Zeng-Yong Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201400, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Jin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201400, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Wei Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201400, P.R. China
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20
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Yen TH, Hsieh CL, Liu TT, Huang CS, Chen YC, Chuang YC, Lin SS, Hsu FT. Amentoflavone Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits NF-ĸB-modulated Anti-apoptotic Signaling in Glioblastoma Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 32:279-285. [PMID: 29475910 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to investigate anticancer effect of amentoflavone on glioblastoma cells in vitro. Our results demonstrated that amentoflavone not only significantly reduced cell viability, nuclear factor-ĸappa B (NF-ĸB) activation, and protein expression of cellular Fas-associated protein with death domain-like interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme inhibitory protein (C-FLIP) and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1), but significantly triggered cell accumulation at the sub-G1 phase, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and expression of active caspase-3 and -8. In order to verify the effect of NF-ĸB inhibitor on expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, we performed western blotting. We found that the of NF-ĸB inhibitor or amentoflavone markedly diminished protein levels of MCL1 and C-FLIP. Taken all together, our findings show that amentoflavone induces intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis and inhibits NF-ĸB-modulated anti-apoptotic signaling in U-87 MG cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hsien Yen
- Department of Radiology, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsu-Te Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Sheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Chung Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | - Song-Shei Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central-Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Fei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Research Center of Translational Imaging, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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21
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Guo T, Ren P, Li X, Luo T, Gong Y, Hao S, Wang B. Neural Injuries Induced by Hydrostatic Pressure Associated With Mass Effect after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9195. [PMID: 29907795 PMCID: PMC6003942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass effect induced by growing hematoma is one of the mechanisms by which intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may result in brain injuries. Our goal was to investigate the damage mechanism of hydrostatic pressure associated with mass effect and the cooperative effect of hydrostatic pressure plus hemoglobin on neural injuries. Loading hydrostatic pressure on neurons and injecting agarose gel in the right striatum of rats was performed to establish the in vitro and vivo ICH models, respectively. The elevated hydrostatic pressure associated with ICH suppressed neurons and neural tissues viability, and disturbed the axons and dendrites in vitro and vivo. Moreover, hydrostatic pressure could upregulate the expression of cleaved-caspase-3 and BAX, and downregulate Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Meanwhile, the toxicity of hemoglobin would be enhanced when conducted with hydrostatic pressure together. Furthermore, the exclusive hydrostatic pressure could upregulate the Piezo-2 expression, which reached a plateau at 8 h after ICH. And hemoglobin increased Piezo-2 expression significantly in vivo, and that was also promoted significantly by the elevated volume of Gel in the cooperative groups. Results indicated that hydrostatic pressure induced by mass effect not only gave rise to brain injuries directly, but also increased the toxicity of hemoglobin in the progress of secondary brain injury after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Tiantian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yuhua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Shilei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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22
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Dong W, Lin Y, Cao Y, Liu Y, Xie X, Gu W. Luteolin induces myelodysplastic syndrome‑derived cell apoptosis via the p53‑dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway mediated by reactive oxygen species. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1106-1115. [PMID: 29786746 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, a common dietary flavonoid, induces the apoptosis of cells in several types of cancer. However, its role in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and the potential underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. To evaluate the potential benefit and underlying mechanisms of luteolin in MDS cells, the viability of SKM‑1 cells and primary bone marrow (PBM) mononuclear cells from patients with intermediate‑ or high‑risk MDS were assessed using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The apoptotic features of cell morphology were assessed using Wright‑Giemsa staining, DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the extent of apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry (FCM). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by FCM with 2,7‑dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was determined using 5,5',6,6'‑tetrachloro‑1,1',3,3'‑tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide staining. Caspase activity was detected using a fluorometric protease assay. Furthermore, the effects of luteolin on the expression of apoptosis‑related proteins were analyzed using western blot analysis. The resulting data revealed that luteolin significantly inhibited the proliferation of SKM‑1 cells in vitro, and its half maximal inhibitory concentration was 139.41 µM at 24 h and 23.95 µM at 72 h. Luteolin also markedly inhibited the proliferation of mononuclear cells from patients with intermediate‑ or high‑risk MDS. Luteolin suppressed cell proliferation, mainly as a result of the induction of apoptosis, as demonstrated by typical apoptotic morphological features, the ladder pattern of genomic DNA fragmentation, and the results of FCM using Annexin V‑FITC/PI double staining. It was also found that short‑term exposure of SKM‑1 cells to luteolin led to a marked increase in the accumulation of ROS. The increased intracellular level of ROS appeared to induce the activation of p53 and elevate the B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein/Bcl‑2 ratio, which modulates ΔΨm and triggers the release of cytochrome c, and may increase the activities of apoptotic protease activating factor 1, caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9 to further trigger the destruction of structural and specific proteins and thereby cell apoptosis. Notably, the inhibition of ROS generation by the antioxidant N‑acetyl‑L‑cysteine significantly attenuated the luteolin‑induced loss of ΔΨm and activities of caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9. These data suggested that luteolin exerts its pro‑apoptotic action partly through the p53‑dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway mediated by intracellular ROS, which provides a promising therapeutic candidate for patients with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Dong
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Weiying Gu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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23
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Ogane N, Yasuda M, Kato H, Kato T, Yano M, Kameda Y, Kamoshida S. Cleaved caspase-3 expression is a potential prognostic factor for endometrial cancer with positive peritoneal cytology. Cytopathology 2018; 29:254-261. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Ogane
- Department of Pathology; Kanagawa Prefectural Ashigarakami Hospital; Matsuda Japan
| | - M. Yasuda
- Department of Pathology; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center; Hidaka Japan
| | - H. Kato
- Department of Gynecology; Kanagawa Cancer Center; Yokohama Japan
| | - T. Kato
- Department of Pathology; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center; Hidaka Japan
| | - M. Yano
- Department of Pathology; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center; Hidaka Japan
| | - Y. Kameda
- Department of Pathology; Kanagawa Prefectural Ashigarakami Hospital; Matsuda Japan
| | - S. Kamoshida
- Department of Medical Biophysics; Laboratory of Pathology; Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences; Kobe Japan
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24
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Qi B, Hu L, Zhu L, Shang L, Wang X, Liu N, Wen N, Hong Y, Fang D. Metformin Attenuates Neurological Deficit after Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Inhibiting Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Rats. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2912-2920. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Sun DB, Xu MJ, Chen QM, Hu HT. Significant elevation of serum caspase-3 levels in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:62-67. [PMID: 28526532 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caspase-3 is a potential marker of apoptosis. We investigated whether serum caspase-3 concentrations were increased and its association with severity and prognosis after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS This prospective clinical study recruited 112 ICH patients and 112 healthy individuals. Serum was assayed for caspase-3 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Stroke severity was quantified by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and hematoma volume. Six-month outcome was measured by modified Rankin Scale. Analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Patients had significantly higher serum caspase-3 concentrations than controls. Capase-3 concentrations correlated with NIHSS score and hematoma volume. Serum caspase-3 emerged as an independent predictor for 6-month mortality and bad prognosis (modified Rankin scale score>2). Based on receiver operating characteristic curve, caspase-3 concentrations showed similar prognostic value when compared with NIHSS score and hematoma volume. CONCLUSION Serum caspase-3 concentrations are increased in ICH patients as well as correlate with clinical severity and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Biao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Meng-Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qing-Meng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Hai-Tao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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26
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Effect of dietary zinc on morphological characteristics and apoptosis related gene expression in the small intestine of Bama miniature pigs. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:235-243. [PMID: 28174029 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of dietary zinc (Zn) on small intestinal mucosal epithelium, 6-month-old male Bama miniature pigs were randomly allocated into three groups and treated with three levels of Zn (Control, T1, and T2 diet supplemented with 0, 50, and 1500mg/kg Zn, respectively, as zinc sulfate) for 38days. The samples of small intestine tissues, serum, and feces were collected. The results showed that Zn concentrations of small intestine in the T2 group were higher than those in the control and T1 groups (p<0.05). In the T2 group, the pharmacological dose of dietary Zn treatment caused marked damage to the small intestinal epithelium. The expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-8 were increased in the duodenum and the jejunum of the T2 group (p<0.05). The mRNA transcript levels of BAX, CYCS and CASP3 genes were upregulated in the duodenum and the jejunum of the T2 group. We concluded that a diet with a pharmacological dose of Zn increased the accumulation of Zn and the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-8, which might activate the apoptosis and lead to the marked injury of porcine small intestinal epithelium.
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27
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Zhang M, Yan H, Li S, Yang J. Rosmarinic acid protects rat hippocampal neurons from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via the Akt/JNK3/caspase-3 signaling pathway. Brain Res 2017; 1657:9-15. [PMID: 27923634 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can result in neuronal death, which further results in brain damage and can even lead to death. Although recent studies showed that rosmarinic acid (RA) exerts neuroprotective effects and attenuates ischemia-induced brain injury and neuronal cell death, little is known about the precise mechanisms that occur during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of RA against ischemic brain injury induced by cerebral I/R. Transient global brain ischemia was induced by 4-vessel occlusion in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. We randomly divided rats into five groups: sham, I/R, I/R+RA, I/R+Vehicle and I/R+RA+LY. Open-field, closed-field and Morris water maze tests were carried our separately to examine the anxiety and cognitive behavior of each group. Cresyl violet staining was used to examine the survival of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. The levels of p-Akt, p-JNK3 and cleaved caspase-3 in the hippocampus were also examined by Western blotting. Our results showed that administration of RA protected locomotive ability, relieved anxiety behavior and protected cognitive ability in cerebral I/R-injured rats. Additionally, RA significantly protected neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region against cerebral I/R-induced damage. Furthermore, RA increased the phosphorylation of Akt1, downregulated the phosphorylation of JNK3 and reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Finally, the Akt inhibitor LY294002 reversed all the protective effects of RA, indicating that RA protects neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region from ischemic damage through the Akt/JNK3/caspase-3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, PR China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, PR China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, PR China.
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28
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Migration-prone glioma cells show curcumin resistance associated with enhanced expression of miR-21 and invasion/anti-apoptosis-related proteins. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37770-81. [PMID: 26473373 PMCID: PMC4741964 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In study, the expression patterns and functional differences between an original glioma cell population (U251 and U87) and sublines (U251-P10, U87-P10) that were selected to be migration-prone were investigated. The expressions levels of VEGF and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were increased in the migration-prone sublines as well as in samples from patients with high-grade glioma when compared to those with low-grade glioma. In addition, cells of the migration-prone sublines showed increased expression of the oncogenic microRNA. miR-21, which was also associated with more advanced clinical pathological stages in the patient tissue specimens. Treatment of U251 cells with an miR-21 mimic dramatically enhanced the migratory activity and expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, treatment with curcumin decreased the miR-21 level and anti-apoptotic protein expression, and increased the expression of pro-apoptosis proteins and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II (LC3-II) in U251 cells. The migration-prone sublines showed decreased induction of cell death markers in response to curcumin treatment. Finally, U251-P10 cells showed resistance against curcumin treatment. These results suggest that miR-21 is associated with regulation of the migratory ability and survival in human glioma cells. These findings suggest novel mechanisms of malignancy and new potential combinatorial strategies for the management of malignant glioma.
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29
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Survivin, caspase-3 and MIB-1 expression in astrocytic tumors of various grades. Adv Med Sci 2016; 61:237-243. [PMID: 26995334 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. The etiology is still unclear and the progression from low to high-grade gliomas is frequent. The molecular mechanisms are quite established, however the heterogeneity of glioblastomas force the scientist to look for the new therapeutic targets. The aim of the study was to evaluate the caspase-3 and survivin expression in correlation with MIB-1 expression in gliomas of various grade to assess the apoptosis in gliomas and to determinate new possible targets for the future therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We identified 131 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of astrocytic tumors (diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma). The evaluation of caspase-3, survivin and MIB-1 expression was done using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS Caspase-3 and survivin expression was observed both in low- and high-grade astrocytomas. The differences in expression were the most evident in glioblastoma group. All primary glioblastomas (31 cases) expressed caspase-3. In secondary glioblastoma group only 17 out of 30 specimens were positive for caspase-3. Survivin expression was observed in 80.6% primary glioblastomas and in all examined secondary glioblastomas and the staining was strong and diffuse in all cases. MIB-1 expression was low in diffuse astrocytomas (DA) and ranged between 1 and 5%. In anaplastic astrocytoma group it was ranged between 5 and 10% and the highest percentage of the positive cells was observed in glioblastoma cases and ranged from 10% even to 30%. The most evident MIB-1 expression was observed in the cells surrounding the pathological blood vessels and necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of survivin and caspase-3 expression in diffuse and anaplastic astrocytoma cases may suggest, that the regulation between pro- and antiapoptotic proteins may play an important role in tumor growth and progression. The overexpression of survivin and MIB-1 expression in glioblastoma cases also may confirm the theory about the important role of anti-apoptotic and proliferation processes in glioblastoma progression and as such may be potential therapeutic targets.
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30
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Wang D, Zhang L, Wen M, Du L, Gao X, Xue C, Xu J, Wang Y. Enhanced neuroprotective effect of DHA and EPA-enriched phospholipids against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced oxidative stress in mice brain. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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31
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Sheta A, Elsakkar M, Hamza M, Solaiman A. Effect of metformin and sitagliptin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:1227-1239. [PMID: 26818447 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115627685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of doxorubicin (DOX) as an antitumor therapeutic agent is limited due to its cardiotoxic effects. Metformin (Met) and sitagliptin (Sitg) are suggested to improve cardiac function. The present study aimed to determine the potential protective effects of Met and Sitg on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Rats were divided into six groups: groups I, II, and III received normal saline, Met, and Sitg, respectively. Groups IV, V, and VI received DOX only, Met + DOX, and Sitg + DOX, respectively. Heart tissue was used for biochemical assays which measured cardiac reduced glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Serum creatinine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured. The heart apex was prepared for histological (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunohistochemical examination. Intoxication of DOX was associated with a significant elevation in serum CK-MB and LDH, reduction in cardiac GSH, and increased TBARS and TNF-α compared to the controls. Administration of Met or Sitg to DOX-intoxicated rats suppressed serum CK-MB and LDH. Moreover, cardiac GSH was elevated with decreased TBARS and TNF-α. These results were confirmed by histological study. Met and Sitg caused inhibition of caspase 3 and upregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression in DOX-intoxicated animals. Sitg was found to exert a significantly better protective effect compared to that of Met. It was concluded that Sitg might be more effective than Met in reducing myocardial injury in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheta
- 1 Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M Elsakkar
- 2 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M Hamza
- 2 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A Solaiman
- 3 Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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32
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Himuro T, Horimoto Y, Arakawa A, Matsuoka J, Tokuda E, Tanabe M, Saito M. Activated Caspase 3 Expression in Remnant Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy May Predict Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:2235-41. [PMID: 26932709 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have indicated that patients obtaining a pathological complete response (pCR) from neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have a good prognosis; however, prognostic factors for non-pCR patients are not yet well-established. By examining remnant cancer in non-pCR patients, the expression of cleaved Caspase 3 (Casp3), an activated apoptotic marker, was immunohistochemically investigated to determine whether this protein has the potential to serve as a novel marker for predicting patient outcomes. METHODS We investigated 218 patients with invasive breast cancer who received NAC and underwent surgery during the 2006 through 2008 period at our institution. Following surgery, standard adjuvant endocrine therapy was administered if a tumor was hormone receptor-positive. Casp3 was evaluated in remnant cancer based on the number of positive cells in five high-power fields. RESULTS pCR was obtained in 49 patients, and 50 of the 169 non-pCR patients developed recurrences during the median 82-month observation period. We found large tumor size, lymph node involvement, lymph vessel invasion, estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, high Ki67 and high Casp3 expression to be factors related to tumor recurrence. A logistic regression model revealed that lymph node involvement, as well as high Ki67 and Casp3, to be factors independently predicting recurrence, while lymph vessel invasion and high Ki67 expression were found to be related to breast cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS Patients with remnant cancer showing high Casp3 expression had poor outcomes. Our results showed that Casp3 is a potential prognostic marker for non-pCR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Himuro
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Horimoto
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Arakawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joe Matsuoka
- Clinical Research Support Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Tokuda
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tanabe
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsue Saito
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Li L, Zhang X, Li X, Lv C, Yu H, Xu M, Zhang M, Fu Y, Meng H, Zhou J. TGF-β1 inhibits the apoptosis of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and contributes to pulmonary vascular medial thickening via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2751-6. [PMID: 26861477 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted that the transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1) pathway may be activated by hypoxic conditions. TGF‑β1 also participates in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of various cell types. Furthermore, TGF‑β1 has been reported to participate in the regulation of the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the effect of TGF‑β1 on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and the corresponding molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether TGF‑β1 protects against cell apoptosis in PASMCs, and identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Western blotting, MTT and lactate dehydrogenase activity assays were performed, and the activity of caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 was detected in order to investigate the hypothesis. It was determined that TGF‑β1 may facilitate cell growth in a dose‑dependent manner in serum‑starved PASMCs. Furthermore, it was observed that apoptosis in serum‑starved PASMCs was inhibited by TGF‑β1 via regulation of the expression levels of mitochondrial membrane proteins. Additionally, the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway was found to be activated by TGF‑β1 in PASMCs, while the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling also prevented the apoptosis‑limiting effects of TGF‑β1. These observations suggest that TGF‑β1 protects PASMCs from apoptosis and contributes to pulmonary vascular medial thickening via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chengfang Lv
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Mingwen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Fu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hongbin Meng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Ananta JS, Paulmurugan R, Massoud TF. Nanoparticle-Delivered Antisense MicroRNA-21 Enhances the Effects of Temozolomide on Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4509-17. [PMID: 26559642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) generally exhibits high IC50 values for its standard drug treatment, temozolomide (TMZ). MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is an oncomiR overexpressed in GBM, thus controlling important aspects of glioma biology. We hypothesized that PLGA nanoparticles carrying antisense miR-21 to glioblastoma cells might beneficially knock down endogenous miR-21 prior to TMZ treatment. PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating antisense miR-21 were effective in intracellular delivery and sustained silencing (p < 0.01) of miR-21 function in U87 MG, LN229, and T98G cells. Prior antisense miR-21 delivery significantly reduced the number of viable cells (p < 0.001), and increased (1.6-fold) cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase upon TMZ treatment in U87 MG cells. There was overexpression of the miR-21 target genes PTEN (by 67%) and caspase-3 (by 15%) upon cotreatment. This promising PLGA nanoparticle-based platform for antisense miR-21 delivery to GBM is an effective cotherapeutic strategy in cell culture, warranting the need for further studies prior to future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyarama S Ananta
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), and Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305-5427, United States
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), and Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305-5427, United States
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), and Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California 94305-5427, United States
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Thuy MN, Kam JK, Lee GC, Tao PL, Ling DQ, Cheng M, Goh SK, Papachristos AJ, Shukla L, Wall KL, Smoll NR, Jones JJ, Gikenye N, Soh B, Moffat B, Johnson N, Drummond KJ. A novel literature-based approach to identify genetic and molecular predictors of survival in glioblastoma multiforme: Analysis of 14,678 patients using systematic review and meta-analytical tools. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:785-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Urbańska K, Pająk B, Orzechowski A, Sokołowska J, Grodzik M, Sawosz E, Szmidt M, Sysa P. The effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on proliferation and apoptosis of in ovo cultured glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:98. [PMID: 25852394 PMCID: PMC4385140 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it has been shown that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) provide a unique approach to the treatment of tumors, especially those of neuroepithelial origin. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of AgNPs on proliferation and activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells cultured in an in ovo model. Human GBM cells, line U-87, were placed on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane. After 8 days, the tumors were divided into three groups: control (non-treated), treated with colloidal AgNPs (40 μg/ml), and placebo (tumors supplemented with vehicle only). At the end of the experiment, all tumors were isolated. Assessment of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis was estimated by histological, immunohistochemical, and Western blot analyses. The results show that AgNPs can influence GBM growth. AgNPs inhibit proliferation of GBM cells and seem to have proapoptotic properties. Although there were statistically significant differences between control and AgNP groups in the AI and the levels of active caspase 9 and active caspase 3, the level of these proteins in GBM cells treated with AgNPs seems to be on the border between the spontaneous apoptosis and the induced. Our results indicate that the antiproliferative properties of silver nanoparticles overwhelm proapoptotic ones. Further research focused on the cytotoxic effect of AgNPs on tumor and normal cells should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Urbańska
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pająk
- />Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- />Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Orzechowski
- />Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- />Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Sokołowska
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Grodzik
- />Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- />Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Szmidt
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Sysa
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Song X, Guo M, Wang T, Wang W, Cao Y, Zhang N. Geniposide inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis by modulating TLR4 and apoptosis-related factors in mouse mammary glands. Life Sci 2014; 119:9-17. [PMID: 25445441 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Geniposide, a major iridoid glycoside found in gardenia fruit, is widely used in Asian countries for its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-apoptotic activities. Although the anti-inflammatory effect of geniposide has been widely reported, its anti-apoptotic role in mastitis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether geniposide exerts anti-apoptotic activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mammary glands. MAIN METHODS We established a LPS-induced mouse mastitis model and LPS-stimulated primary mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) model to investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of geniposide and the underlying mechanism of action. In the in vivo studies, apoptosis in mammary glands was detected by TUNEL. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to analyze the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and p53. In the in vitro study, the apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells was measured by Live-Dead staining. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis were used to analyze the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, p53 and TLR4. KEY FINDINGS Geniposide alleviated mammary gland apoptosis, down-regulated Bax expression, inhibited Caspase-3 cleavage and p53 phosphorylation and up-regulated Bcl-2 expression in vivo. In vitro, geniposide decreased the ratio of dead cells in a dose-dependent manner. Geniposide inhibited Bax expression and Caspase-3 cleavage, and up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2. Moreover, geniposide down-regulated the expression of TLR4 and repressed the phosphorylation of p53. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate that the anti-apoptotic property of geniposide is due to its modulation of TLR4 and apoptosis-related factors (p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3) in LPS-induced mouse mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Meng D, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang J, Yun D, Yang S, Chen J, Chen H, Lu D. Expression and prognostic significance of TCTN1 in human glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2014; 12:288. [PMID: 25304031 PMCID: PMC4198629 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal intracranial malignancy in adults, with dismal prognosis despite multimodal therapies. Tectonic family member 1 (TCTN1) is a protein involved in a diverse range of developmental processes, yet its functions in GBM remain unclear. This study aims to investigate expression profile, prognostic value and effects of TCTN1 gene in GBM. Methods Protein levels of TCTN1 were assessed by immunohistochemical staining using a tissue microarray constructed by a Chinese cohort of GBM patients (n = 110), and its mRNA expression was also detected in a subset of this cohort. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were performed to estimate the prognostic significance of TCTN1. Similar analyses were also conducted in another two independent cohorts: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (n = 528) and the Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) cohort (n = 228). For the TCGA cohort, the relationships between TCTN1 expression, clinical outcome, molecular subtypes and genetic alterations were also analysed. Furthermore, proliferation of TCTN1 overexpressed or silenced GBM cells was determined by CCK-8 assays. Results As discovered in three independent cohorts, both mRNA and protein levels of TCTN1 expression were markedly elevated in human GBMs, and higher TCTN1 expression served as an independent prognostic factor predicting poorer prognosis of GBM patients. Additionally, in the TCGA cohort, TCTN1 expression was dramatically decreased in patients within the proneural subtype compared to other subtypes, and significantly influenced by the status of several genetic aberrations such as CDKN2A/B deletion, EGFR amplification, PTEN deletion and TP53 mutation. The prognostic value of TCTN1 was more pronounced in proneural and mesenchymal subtypes, and was also affected by several genetic alterations particularly PTEN deletion. Furthermore, overexpression of TCTN1 significantly promoted proliferation of GBM cells, while its depletion evidently hampered cell growth. Conclusions TCTN1 is elevated in human GBMs and predicts poor clinical outcome for GBM patients, which is associated with molecular subtypes and genetic features of GBMs. Additionally, TCTN1 expression impacts GBM cell proliferation. Our results suggest for the first time that TCTN1 may serve as a novel prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target for GBM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-014-0288-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, No, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China.
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Brownhill S, Cohen D, Burchill S. Proliferation index: a continuous model to predict prognosis in patients with tumours of the Ewing's sarcoma family. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104106. [PMID: 25157404 PMCID: PMC4144797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of proliferation index (PI) and apoptotic index (AI), caspase-8, -9 and -10 expression have been investigated in primary Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT). Proliferating cells, detected by immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, were identified in 91% (91/100) of tumours with a median PI of 14 (range 0-87). Apoptotic cells, identified using the TUNEL assay, were detected in 96% (76/79) of ESFT; the median AI was 3 (range 0-33). Caspase-8 protein expression was negative (0) in 14% (11/79), low (1) in 33% (26/79), medium (2) in 38% (30/79) and high (3) in 15% (12/79) of tumours, caspase-9 expression was low (1) in 66% (39/59) and high (3) in 34% (20/59), and caspase-10 protein was low (1) in 37% (23/62) and negative (0) in 63% (39/62) of primary ESFT. There was no apparent relationship between caspase-8, -9 and -10 expression, PI and AI. PI was predictive of relapse-free survival (RFS; p = 0.011) and overall survival (OS; p = <0.001) in a continuous model, whereas AI did not predict outcome. Patients with tumours expressing low levels of caspase-9 protein had a trend towards a worse RFS than patients with tumours expressing higher levels of caspase-9 protein (p = 0.054, log rank test), although expression of caspases-8, -9 and/or -10 did not significantly predict RFS or OS. In a multivariate analysis model that included tumour site, tumour volume, the presence of metastatic disease at diagnosis, PI and AI, PI independently predicts OS (p = 0.003). Consistent with previous publications, patients with pelvic tumours had a significantly worse OS than patients with tumours at other sites (p = 0.028); patients with a pelvic tumour and a PI≥20 had a 6 fold-increased risk of death. These studies advocate the evaluation of PI in a risk model of outcome for patients with ESFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Brownhill
- Children's Cancer Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Dena Cohen
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Burchill
- Children's Cancer Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Wu J, Yu Z, Su D. BMP4 protects rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells from apoptosis by PI3K/AKT/Smad1/5/8 signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:13738-54. [PMID: 25110865 PMCID: PMC4159822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150813738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4), a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family of growth factors, is activated and increased under hypoxic conditions, which plays an important role in the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Previous studies have shown that BMP4 is involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of various cell types. However, the precise mechanisms involved in the regulation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in PAH are still incompletely understood. It has been reported that AKT is a critical regulator of cell survival and vascular remodeling. Therefore, there may be crosstalk between BMP4 anti-apoptotic processes and PI3K/AKT survival effect in rat PASMCs. To test this hypothesis, we performed confocal, cell viability measurement, mitochondrial potential, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Western blot analysis to determine the role of BMP4 on cell survival and apoptosis. We found that hypoxia up-regulated the expression of BMP4. BMP4 promoted cell survival, reduced mitochondrial depolarization, and increased the expression of Bcl-2 and procaspase-3 in PASMCs under serum-deprived condition. These effects were reversed by PI3K/AKT inhibitors (LY294002 and wortmannin). Thus, these findings indicate that BMP4 protects PASMCs from apoptosis at least in part, mediated via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China.
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Clinic Technology Center of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China.
| | - Dechun Su
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China.
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CUNHA KARINS, CARUSO ANABELAC, FARIA PAULOA, SILVA LICINIOEDA, FONSECA ELIENECDA, GELLER MAURO, MOURA-NETO RODRIGOSDE, LOPES VANIAS. Evaluation of Bcl-2, Bcl-x and Cleaved Caspase-3 in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors and Neurofibromas. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2013; 85:1497-511. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201320120026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS: To study the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x, as well the presence of cleaved caspase-3 in neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x and the presence of cleaved caspase 3 were compared to clinicopathological features of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and their impact on survival rates were also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The evaluation of Bcl-2, Bcl-x and cleaved caspase-3 was performed by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays in 28 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and 38 neurofibromas. Immunoquantification was performed by computerized digital image analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis is altered in neurofibromas and mainly in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. High levels of cleaved caspase-3 are more common in tumors with more aggressive histological features and it is associated with lower disease free survival of patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - MAURO GELLER
- Centro Universitario Serra dos Orgaos/UNIFESO, Brasil
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Kobayashi T, Yan H, Kurahashi Y, Ito Y, Maeda H, Tada T, Hongo K, Nakayama J. Role of GalNAc4S-6ST in astrocytic tumor progression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54278. [PMID: 23349846 PMCID: PMC3547881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase (GalNAc4S-6ST) is the sulfotransferase responsible for biosynthesis of highly sulfated chondroitin sulfate CS-E. Although involvements of CS-E in neuronal cell functions have been extensively analyzed, the role of GalNAc4S-6ST in astrocytic tumor progression remains unknown. Here, we reveal that GalNAc4S-6ST transcripts were detected in astrocytic tumors derived from all 30 patients examined using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis. Patients with high GalNAc4S-6ST mRNA expression had significantly worse outcome compared with patients with low expression, and multivariate survival analysis disclosed that GalNAc4S-6ST is an independent poor prognostic factor for astrocytic tumors. We then tested whether CS-E enhanced haptotaxic migration of glioblastoma U251-MG cells that endogenously express both the CS-E's scaffold tyrosine phosphatase ζ (PTPζ) and GalNAc4S-6ST, in the presence of CS-E's preferred ligands, pleiotrophin (PTN) or midkine (MK), using a modified Boyden chamber method. Haptotaxic stimulation of cell migration by PTN was most robust on control siRNA-transfected U251-MG cells, while that enhancing effect was cancelled following transduction of GalNAc4S-6ST siRNA. Similar results were obtained using MK, suggesting that both PTN and MK enhance migration of U251-MG cells by binding to CS-E. We also found that PTPζ as well as PTN and MK were frequently expressed in astrocytic tumor cells. Thus, our findings indicate that GalNAc4S-6ST mRNA expressed by astrocytic tumor cells is associated with poor patient prognosis likely by enhancing CS-E-mediated tumor cell motility in the presence of PTN and/or MK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Huimin Yan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kurahashi
- Central Research Laboratories, Seikagaku Corporation, Higashiyamato, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maeda
- Central Research Laboratories, Seikagaku Corporation, Higashiyamato, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tada
- Department of Medical Education, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hongo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Identification of novel predictive markers for the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2012; 44:69-76. [PMID: 22939953 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a disease with poor prognosis and high mortality. To identify novel molecular markers that could predict the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a total of 114 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 99 peritumoral tissues were collected. Protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, cyclin D1, epidermal growth factor receptor and Her-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) were measured by immunohistochemistry. Molecular abnormalities of cyclin D1/q11, Her-2/q17, and epidermal growth factor receptor/p7 were detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results demonstrated that the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, epidermal growth factor receptor, Her-2, and cyclin D1 were significantly higher in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma than that in peritumoral tissues (P = .000). Significantly more amplifications of epidermal growth factor receptor, Her-2, and cyclin D1 were observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients than in peritumoral tissues. In addition, 51.8% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors showed polysomy 7, 50% showed polysomy 11, and 40.4% showed polysomy 17. However, no polysomy was observed in peritumoral tissues. Her-2 amplification and polysomy 17 significantly correlated with poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (P = .008 and P = .005, respectively). Interestingly, only cleaved caspase-3 protein level significantly correlated with poor survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (P = .000). We also observed significant correlations of cleaved caspase-3 level with epidermal growth factor receptor, Her-2, and cyclin D1 protein levels and the molecular abnormalities of Her-2 and cyclin D1. Conclusively, cleaved caspase-3 level is an ideal biomarker to predict prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients and might be a better target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treatment than epidermal growth factor receptor/Her-2 and cyclin D1.
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MicroRNA-21 inhibitor sensitizes human glioblastoma U251 stem cells to chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 47:346-56. [PMID: 22528454 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate protein expression by cleaving or repressing the translation of target mRNAs. In mammals, their function mainly represses the target mRNA transcripts via imperfect complementary sequences in the 3'UTR of target mRNAs. Several miRNAs have been recently reported to be involved in modulation of glioma development, especially some upregulated miRNAs, such as microRNA-21 (miR-21), which has been found to function as an oncogene in cultured glioblastoma multiforme cells. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is a promising chemotherapeutic agent for treating glioblastoma. Although chemotherapy with temozolomide may contain tumor growth for some months, invariable tumor recurrence suggests that cancer stem cells maintaining these tumors persist. Previous research showed that TMZ could inhibit the proliferation of human glioblastoma stem cells (GSC), but not induced apoptosis, which could supply the chance for glioblastoma recurrence. Accumulating evidence indicated that downregulation of miR-21 in glioblastoma cells caused repression of growth and increased apoptosis, all of which could theoretically enhance the chemotherapeutic effects of cancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to explore whether miR-21 downregulation could enhance the chemotherapeutic effects of TMZ and induce apoptosis on GSC. Interestingly, the results demonstrated that either miR-21 inhibitor or TMZ could not induce apoptosis on GSC. However, miR-21 inhibitor combined with TMZ significantly enhanced GSC apoptosis. Taken together, a combination of miR-21 inhibitor and TMZ could be an effective therapeutic strategy for GSC apoptosis to prevent potential glioblastoma recurrence.
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Nie X, Song S, Zhang L, Qiu Z, Shi S, Liu Y, Yao L, Zhu D. 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) protects pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from apoptosis via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2011; 97:50-9. [PMID: 22101001 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), one of many important metabolic products of arachidonic acid (AA) catalyzed by 15-lipoxygenase, plays an important role in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle remodeling. We have previously shown its unsubstituted effects on the apoptotic responses of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly manifested. Previous studies have shown that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important protective role against sepsis-induced pulmonary apoptosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine whether 15-HETE anti-apoptotic process is mediated through the iNOS pathway in rat PASMCs. To test this hypothesis, we studied the contribution of iNOS to the 15-HETE induced anti-apoptotic responses using cell viability measurement, Western blot, mitochondrial potential analysis, nuclear morphology determination and TUNEL assay. Our results showed that both exogenous and endogenous 15-HETE up-regulated iNOS protein and mRNA expression and 15-HETE enhanced the cell survival, attenuated mitochondrial depolarization, up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and procaspase-3 in PASMCs under serum-deprived condition. These effects were reversed by iNOS inhibitor SMT or l-canavanine. Taken together, our data indicates that iNOS is a novel signaling transduction pathway, which is necessary for the effects of 15-HETE in protection PASMCs from apoptosis and may be an important mechanism underlying the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension and also provides a novel therapeutic insight in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Nie
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing 163319, China.
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Nestal de Moraes G, Carvalho É, Maia RC, Sternberg C. Immunodetection of caspase-3 by Western blot using glutaraldehyde. Anal Biochem 2011; 415:203-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Metellus P, Colin C, Taieb D, Guedj E, Nanni-Metellus I, de Paula AM, Colavolpe C, Fuentes S, Dufour H, Barrie M, Chinot O, Ouafik L, Figarella-Branger D. IDH mutation status impact on in vivo hypoxia biomarkers expression: new insights from a clinical, nuclear imaging and immunohistochemical study in 33 glioma patients. J Neurooncol 2011; 105:591-600. [PMID: 21643985 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme isoforms 1 (IDH1) and 2 (IDH2) have recently been identified in a large proportion of glial tumors of the CNS, but their mechanistic role in tumor development remains unclear. Here, we assessed the actual impact of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in patients harboring WHO grade II and III gliomas. We sequenced IDH1 at codon 132 and IDH2 at codon 172 in 33 patients with WHO grade II and III gliomas who benefited from a preoperative (18)F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET). Immunohistochemical expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX), Glucose Transporter 1 (GLUT1) and Caspase 3 active form (CASP3) along with the R132HIDH1 mutation was assessed in all cases as well as 1p/19q deletion status and p53 expression. HIF-1α expression was found in 15% of IDH-mutated compared to 7.7% of IDH-nonmutated tumors (P = 0.954). Also, GLUT-1 positive staining was found in 5% of IDH-mutated and in 7.1% of IDH-nonmutated tumors (P = 0.794). Finally, CA-IX expression was found in 15% of IDH-mutated and in 7.7% of IDH-nonmutated tumors (P = 0.484). The combined expression of these three hypoxic markers was found in two WHO grade III tumors, one of which was IDH-mutated whereas the other was IDH-nonmutated (P = 0.794). In IDH-mutated tumors, the median SUVmax ratio was 2.24 versus 2.15 in IDH-nonmutated tumors (P = 0.775). Together, these data question the actual relationship between IDH mutation status and in vivo hypoxic biomarkers expression in WHO grade II and III gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Metellus
- Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Neurochirurgie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13000 Marseille, France.
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48
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A miR-21 inhibitor enhances apoptosis and reduces G(2)-M accumulation induced by ionizing radiation in human glioblastoma U251 cells. Brain Tumor Pathol 2011; 28:209-14. [PMID: 21618027 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-011-0037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that take part in diverse biological processes by suppressing target gene expression. Elevated expression of miR-21 has been reported in many types of human cancers. Radiotherapy is a standard adjuvant treatment for patients with glioblastoma. However, the resistance of glioblastoma cells to radiation limits the success of this treatment. In this study, we found that miR-21 expression was upregulated in response to ionizing radiation (IR) in U251 cells, which suggested that miR-21 could be involved in the response of U251 cells to radiation. We showed that a miR-21 inhibitor enhanced IR-induced glioblastoma cell growth arrest and increased the level of apoptosis, which was probably caused by abrogation of the G(2)-M arrest induced by IR. Further research demonstrated that the miR-21 inhibitor induced the upregulation of Cdc25A. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-21 inhibitor can increase IR-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in U251 glioblastoma cells, at least in part by abrogating G(2)-M arrest, and that Cdc25A is a potential target of miR-21.
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49
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Cui G, Li Z, Shao B, Zhao L, Zhou Y, Lu T, Wang J, Shi X, Wang J, Zuo G, Zhu W, Shen A. Clinical and biological significance of Nemo-like kinase expression in glioma. J Clin Neurosci 2011; 18:271-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Eisele G, Weller M. Targeting apoptosis pathways in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2011; 332:335-45. [PMID: 21269762 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of glioblastoma remains a major challenge for clinicians since these highly aggressive brain tumors are relatively resistant towards radio- and chemotherapy. The pathways that control apoptosis are altered in glioblastoma cells leading to resistance towards apoptotic stimuli in general. In this review we describe the alterations affecting the p53 pathway, the BCL-2 protein family, the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and several growth factor pathways involved in the regulation of programmed cell death and define possible targets for new therapies within these apoptotic pathways in glioblastomas. Moreover, we review strategies to target death receptor pathways, most notably to render the glioblastoma cells more susceptible towards this approach without enhancing toxicity in general. Most of the strategies targeting apoptosis in glioblastomas presented here are in a pre-clinical stage of development, however, they all share the ultimative goal to improve the outcome for glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Eisele
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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