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Jafari-Raddani F, Davoodi-Moghaddam Z, Bashash D. Construction of immune-related gene pairs signature to predict the overall survival of multiple myeloma patients based on whole bone marrow gene expression profiling. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:47. [PMID: 38649532 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia that is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of malignant PCs in the bone marrow. Due to immunotherapy, attention has returned to the immune system in MM, and it appears necessary to identify biomarkers in this area. In this study, we created a prognostic model for MM using immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs), with the advantage that it is not affected by technical bias. After retrieving microarray data of MM patients, bioinformatics analyses like COX regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to construct the signature. Then its prognostic value is assessed via time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis. We also used XCELL to examine the status of immune cell infiltration among MM patients. 6-IRGP signatures were developed and proved to predict MM prognosis with a P-value of 0.001 in the KM analysis. Moreover, the risk score was significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics and was an independent prognostic factor. Of note, the combination of age and β2-microglobulin with risk score could improve the accuracy of determining patients' prognosis with the values of the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73 in 5 years ROC curves. Our model was also associated with the distribution of immune cells. This novel signature, either alone or in combination with age and β2-microglobulin, showed a good prognostic predictive value and might be used to guide the management of MM patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Jafari-Raddani
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Davoodi-Moghaddam
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Chatterjee K, Mal S, Ghosh M, Chattopadhyay NR, Roy SD, Chakraborty K, Mukherjee S, Aier M, Choudhuri T. Blood-based DNA methylation in advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma exhibited distinct CpG methylation signature. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22086. [PMID: 38086861 PMCID: PMC10716134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The TNM staging system is currently used to detect cancer stages. Regardless, a small proportion of cancer patients recur even after therapy, suggesting more specific molecular tools are required to justify the stage-specific detection and prompt cancer diagnosis. Thus, we aimed to explore the blood-based DNA methylation signature of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to establish a holistic methylation biomarker panel. For the identification of methylation signature, the EPIC BeadChip-based array was performed. Comparative analysis for identifying unique probes, validation, and functional studies was investigated by analyzing GEO and TCGA datasets. We observed 4093 differentially methylated probes (DMPs), 1232 hydroxymethylated probes, and 25 CpG islands. Gene expression study revealed both upregulated and downregulated genes. Correlation analysis suggested a positive (with a positive r, p ≤ 0.05) and negative (with a negative r, p ≤ 0.05) association with different cancers. TFBS analysis exhibited the binding site for many TFs. Furthermore, gene enrichment analysis indicated the involvement of those identified genes in biological pathways. However, blood-based DNA methylation data uncovered a distinct DNA methylation pattern, which might have an additive role in NPC progression by altering the TFs binding. Moreover, based on tissue-specificity, a variation of correlation between methylation and gene expression was noted in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koustav Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, 731235
| | - Sudipa Mal
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, 731235
| | - Monalisha Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, 731235
| | | | - Sankar Deb Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eden Medical Center, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
| | - Koushik Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, 731235
| | - Syamantak Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, 731235
| | - Moatoshi Aier
- Department of Pathology, Eden Medical Center, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
| | - Tathagata Choudhuri
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, India, 731235.
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3
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Korzun T, Moses AS, Diba P, Sattler AL, Olson B, Taratula OR, Pejovic T, Marks DL, Taratula O. Development and Perspectives: Multifunctional Nucleic Acid Nanomedicines for Treatment of Gynecological Cancers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2301776. [PMID: 37518857 PMCID: PMC10827528 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Gynecological malignancies are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. Due to delayed presentation, gynecological cancer patients are often referred late in the disease's course, resulting in poor outcomes. A considerable number of patients ultimately succumb to chemotherapy-resistant disease, which reoccurs at advanced stages despite treatment interventions. Although efforts have been devoted to developing therapies that demonstrate reduced resistance to chemotherapy and enhanced toxicity profiles, current clinical outcomes remain unsatisfactory due to treatment resistance and unfavorable off-target effects. Consequently, innovative biological and nanotherapeutic approaches are imperative to strengthen and optimize the therapeutic arsenal for gynecological cancers. Advancements in nanotechnology-based therapies for gynecological malignancies offer significant advantages, including reduced toxicity, expanded drug circulation, and optimized therapeutic dosing, ultimately leading to enhanced treatment effectiveness. Recent advances in nucleic acid therapeutics using microRNA, small interfering RNA, and messenger RNA provide novel approaches for cancer therapeutics. Effective single-agent and combinatorial nucleic acid therapeutics for gynecological malignancies have the potential to transform cancer treatment by giving safer, more tailored approaches than conventional therapies. This review highlights current preclinical studies that effectively exploit these approaches for the treatment of gynecological malignant tumors and malignant ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Korzun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue Portland, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Mail Code L481, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Abraham S Moses
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Parham Diba
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Mail Code L481, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Ariana L Sattler
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Mail Code L481, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Brennan Olson
- Mayo Clinic Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Olena R Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Daniel L Marks
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Mail Code L481, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2720 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue Portland, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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Poh AR, Ernst M. Functional roles of SRC signaling in pancreatic cancer: Recent insights provide novel therapeutic opportunities. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02701-x. [PMID: 37120696 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. Aberrant activation or elevated expression of the tyrosine kinase c-SRC (SRC) is frequently observed in PDAC and is associated with a poor prognosis. Preclinical studies have revealed a multifaceted role for SRC activation in PDAC, including promoting chronic inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival, cancer cell stemness, desmoplasia, hypoxia, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Strategies to inhibit SRC signaling include suppressing its catalytic activity, inhibiting protein stability, or by interfering with signaling components of the SRC signaling pathway including suppressing protein interactions of SRC. In this review, we discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms by which aberrant SRC activity promotes PDAC tumorigenesis. We also provide a comprehensive update of SRC inhibitors in the clinic, and discuss the clinical challenges associated with targeting SRC in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.
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A Phase I Study of the Non-Receptor Kinase Inhibitor Bosutinib in Combination with Pemetrexed in Patients with Selected Metastatic Solid Tumors. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9461-9473. [PMID: 36547158 PMCID: PMC9776616 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Src is overexpressed in various cancers, including 27% of non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC, and is correlated with poor clinical outcomes. We hypothesize that Src kinase inhibitors, including Bosutinib, may exhibit clinical synergy in combination with the antifolate drug pemetrexed. In this Phase I, dose-escalation, safety, and maximum tolerated dose (MTD)-determining study, 14 patients with advanced metastatic solid tumors that had progressed on "standard of care" chemotherapy were enrolled in a 3 + 3 dose escalation study. Oral Bosutinib was administered once daily beginning on day 1, where the first cohort started at an oral dose of 200 mg daily with pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 IV on a three-week schedule. The study's primary objective was to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), the MTD of Bosutinib in combination with pemetrexed, and the type and frequency of adverse events associated with this treatment. Twelve patients were evaluable for response, including ten patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, one patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the appendix, and one patient with urothelial carcinoma. The median number of Bosutinib and pemetrexed cycles received was 4 (range, 1-4). The MTD of oral Bosutinib in this combination was 300 mg daily. Two patients (17%) had a partial response (PR), and seven patients (58%) showed stable disease (SD) as the best response after the fourth cycle (end of treatment). One patient had disease progression after the second cycle, while three patients had disease progression after the fourth cycle. The two responders and the two patients with the longest stable disease duration or stabilization of disease following progression on multiple systemic therapies demonstrated Src overexpression on immunohistochemical staining of their tumor. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.89 months (95% CI (3.48, 30.85)), and the median overall survival (OS) was 11.7 months (95% CI (3.87, 30.85)). Despite the limitations of this Phase I study, there appears to be potential efficacy of this combination in previously treated patients.
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6
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Zhang K, Sun Q, Liu P, Bai X, Gao X, Liu K, Li A, LYu Z, Li Q. Studies on chitosan-. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch22076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PolyI:C is an immunomodulatory agent that can be used in immunotherapy, but its transportation in the body is hindered. In this study, a chitosan (CS)-graft-polyethyleneimine (PEI) copolymer (C-g-P) is prepared by an N,N′-carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) coupling method as a drug carrier for PolyI:C and simulated antigen ovalbumin (OVA). The results of FT-IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis and cytotoxicity studies show that PEI is successfully grafted onto CS, and a low cytotoxicity of C-g-P-x (x = 1, 2, 3) with different PEI grafting rates are obtained. C-g-P-x-PolyI:C/OVA (C-g-P-x-PO) (x = 1, 2, 3) nanoparticles are prepared by combining C-g-P-x (x = 1, 2, 3), PolyI:C and OVA by electrostatic self-assembly. The results of agarose gel electrophoresis show that PolyI:C is well coated by the graft copolymer and protected from nuclease degradation. The results show that C-g-P-1-PO nanoparticles with graft copolymer to PolyI:C (N/P) ratios of 80:1 have the best solution stability, and the OVA encapsulation efficiency is 60.6%. The nanoparticles also have a suitable size and regular shape to be absorbed by cells. In vitro immunoassay results show that PolyI:C and OVA-loaded nanoparticles promote the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon γ (IFN-γ). CS-g-PEI is a reliable drug carrier for the delivery of PolyI:C and OVA, and it also provides the possibility to carry other drugs.
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7
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Perez I, Berndt S, Agarwal R, Castro MA, Vishnivetskiy SA, Smith JC, Sanders CR, Gurevich VV, Iverson T. A Model for the Signal Initiation Complex Between Arrestin-3 and the Src Family Kinase Fgr. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167400. [PMID: 34902430 PMCID: PMC8752512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Arrestins regulate a wide range of signaling events, most notably when bound to active G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Among the known effectors recruited by GPCR-bound arrestins are Src family kinases, which regulate cellular growth and proliferation. Here, we focus on arrestin-3 interactions with Fgr kinase, a member of the Src family. Previous reports demonstrated that Fgr exhibits high constitutive activity, but can be further activated by both arrestin-dependent and arrestin-independent pathways. We report that arrestin-3 modulates Fgr activity with a hallmark bell-shaped concentration-dependence, consistent with a role as a signaling scaffold. We further demonstrate using NMR spectroscopy that a polyproline motif within arrestin-3 interacts directly with the SH3 domain of Fgr. To provide a framework for this interaction, we determined the crystal structure of the Fgr SH3 domain at 1.9 Å resolution and developed a model for the GPCR-arrestin-3-Fgr complex that is supported by mutagenesis. This model suggests that Fgr interacts with arrestin-3 at multiple sites and is consistent with the locations of disease-associated Fgr mutations. Collectively, these studies provide a structural framework for arrestin-dependent activation of Fgr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivette Perez
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146
| | - Sandra Berndt
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146
| | - Rupesh Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996;,UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
| | - Manuel A. Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146
| | | | - Jeremy C. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996;,UT/ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
| | - Charles R. Sanders
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146
| | | | - T.M. Iverson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Center for Structural Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146;,Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146
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8
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Kim HS, Han HD, Armaiz-Pena GN, Stone RL, Nam EJ, Lee JW, Shahzad MMK, Nick AM, Lee SJ, Roh JW, Nishimura M, Mangala LS, Bottsford-Miller J, Gallick GE, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. Editor's Note: Functional Roles of Src and Fgr in Ovarian Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4452. [PMID: 34341057 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Jing X, Ren D, Gao F, Chen Y, Wu X, Han Y, Han Q, Li L, Wang X, Tang W, Zhang Y. Gene deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of PDCD4-mediated FGR signaling protects against acute kidney injury. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:394-405. [PMID: 33643819 PMCID: PMC7893143 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) modulates distinct signal transduction pathways in different pathological conditions. Despite acute and chronic immune responses elicited by ischemia contributing to the functional deterioration of the kidney, the contributions and mechanisms of PDCD4 in acute kidney injury (AKI) have remained unclear. Using two murine AKI models including renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and cisplatin-induced AKI, we found that PDCD4 deficiency markedly ameliorated renal dysfunction and inflammatory responses in AKI mice. Consistently, upregulation of PDCD4 was also confirmed in the kidneys from patients with biopsy confirmed acute tubular necrosis from a retrospective cohort study. Moreover, we found that overexpression of Fgr, a member of the tyrosine kinase family, dramatically aggravated renal injury and counteracted the protective effects of PDCD4 deficiency in AKI mice. We discovered that FGR upregulated NOTCH1 expression through activating STAT3. Most importantly, we further found that systemic administration of ponatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly ameliorated AKI in mice. In summary, we identified that PDCD4 served as an important regulator, at least in part, of FGR/NOTCH1-mediated tubular apoptosis and inflammation in AKI mice. Furthermore, our findings suggest that ponatinib-mediated pharmacologic targeting of this pathway had therapeutic potential for mitigating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Dandan Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Chengda Biology Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110179, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qingsheng Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Maloney SM, Hoover CA, Morejon-Lasso LV, Prosperi JR. Mechanisms of Taxane Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3323. [PMID: 33182737 PMCID: PMC7697134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxane family of chemotherapy drugs has been used to treat a variety of mostly epithelial-derived tumors and remain the first-line treatment for some cancers. Despite the improved survival time and reduction of tumor size observed in some patients, many have no response to the drugs or develop resistance over time. Taxane resistance is multi-faceted and involves multiple pathways in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and the transport of foreign substances. In this review, we dive deeper into hypothesized resistance mechanisms from research during the last decade, with a focus on the cancer types that use taxanes as first-line treatment but frequently develop resistance to them. Furthermore, we will discuss current clinical inhibitors and those yet to be approved that target key pathways or proteins and aim to reverse resistance in combination with taxanes or individually. Lastly, we will highlight taxane response biomarkers, specific genes with monitored expression and correlated with response to taxanes, mentioning those currently being used and those that should be adopted. The future directions of taxanes involve more personalized approaches to treatment by tailoring drug-inhibitor combinations or alternatives depending on levels of resistance biomarkers. We hope that this review will identify gaps in knowledge surrounding taxane resistance that future research or clinical trials can overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Maloney
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Camden A. Hoover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Lorena V. Morejon-Lasso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Jenifer R. Prosperi
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
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11
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Targeting SRC Kinase Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207437. [PMID: 33050159 PMCID: PMC7588004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene nonreceptor tyrosine-protein kinase SRC is a member of the SRC family of tyrosine kinases (SFKs), and its activation and overexpression have been shown to play a protumorigenic role in multiple solid cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is currently the seventh-leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and, by 2030, it is predicted to become the second-leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. PDAC is characterized by its high lethality (5-year survival of rate of <10%), invasiveness, and chemoresistance, all of which have been shown to be due to the presence of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs) within the tumor. Due to the demonstrated overexpression of SRC in PDAC, we set out to determine if SRC kinases are important for PaCSC biology using pharmacological inhibitors of SRC kinases (dasatinib or PP2). Treatment of primary PDAC cultures established from patient-derived xenografts with dasatinib or PP2 reduced the clonogenic, self-renewal, and tumor-initiating capacity of PaCSCs, which we attribute to the downregulation of key signaling factors such as p-FAK, p-ERK1-2, and p-AKT. Therefore, this study not only validates that SRC kinases are relevant and biologically important for PaCSCs but also suggests that inhibitors of SRC kinases may represent a possible future treatment option for PDAC patients, although further studies are still needed.
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12
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Amirani E, Hallajzadeh J, Asemi Z, Mansournia MA, Yousefi B. Effects of chitosan and oligochitosans on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT pathway in cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:456-467. [PMID: 32693135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway is one of the most important kinase signaling networks in the context of cancer development and treatment. Aberrant activation of AKT, the central mediator of this pathway, has been implicated in numerous malignancies including endometrial, hepatocellular, breast, colorectal, prostate, and, cervical cancer. Thus regulation and blockage of this kinase and its key target nodes is an attractive approach in cancer therapy and diverse efforts have been done to achieve this aim. Chitosan is a carbohydrate with multiple interesting applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. This bioactive polymer and its derivative oligomers commonly used in drug/DNA delivery methods due to their functional properties which improve efficiency of delivery systems. Further, these compounds exert anti-tumor roles through the stimulation of apoptosis, immune enhancing potency, anti-oxidative features and anti-angiogenic roles. Due to the importance of PI3K-AKT signaling in cancer targeting and treatment resistance, this review discusses the involvement of chitosan, oligochitosaccharides and carriers based on these chemicals in the regulation of this pathway in different tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Amirani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Abstract
The current therapies against cancer showed limited success. Nanotechnology is a promising strategy for cancer tracking, diagnosis, and therapy. The hybrid nanotechnology assembled several materials in a multimodal system to develop multifunctional approaches to cancer treatment. The quantum dot and polymer are some of these hybrid nanoparticle platforms. The quantum dot hybrid system possesses photonic and magnetic properties, allowing photothermal therapy and live multimodal imaging of cancer. These quantum dots were used to convey medicines to cancer cells. Hybrid polymer nanoparticles were utilized for the systemic delivery of small interfering RNA to malignant tumors and metastasis. They allowed non-invasive imaging to track in real-time the biodistribution of small interfering RNA in the whole body. They offer an opportunity to treat cancers by specifically silencing target genes. This review highlights the major nanotechnology approaches to effectively treat cancer and metastasis.
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14
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Asem M, Young AM, Oyama C, Claure De La Zerda A, Liu Y, Yang J, Hilliard TS, Johnson J, Harper EI, Guldner I, Zhang S, Page-Mayberry T, Kaliney WJ, Stack MS. Host Wnt5a Potentiates Microenvironmental Regulation of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1156-1170. [PMID: 31932454 PMCID: PMC8245162 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The noncanonical Wnt ligand Wnt5a is found in high concentrations in ascites of women with ovarian cancer. In this study, we elucidated the role of Wnt5a in ovarian cancer metastasis. Wnt5a promoted ovarian tumor cell adhesion to peritoneal mesothelial cells as well as migration and invasion, leading to colonization of peritoneal explants. Host components of the ovarian tumor microenvironment, notably peritoneal mesothelial cells and visceral adipose, secreted Wnt5a. Conditional knockout of host WNT5A significantly reduced peritoneal metastatic tumor burden. Tumors formed in WNT5A knockout mice had elevated cytotoxic T cells, increased M1 macrophages, and decreased M2 macrophages, indicating that host Wnt5a promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The Src family kinase Fgr was identified as a downstream effector of Wnt5a. These results highlight a previously unreported role for host-expressed Wnt5a in ovarian cancer metastasis and suggest Fgr as a novel target for inhibition of ovarian cancer metastatic progression.Significance: This study establishes host-derived Wnt5a, expressed by peritoneal mesothelial cells and adipocytes, as a primary regulator of ovarian cancer intraperitoneal metastatic dissemination and identifies Fgr kinase as novel target for inhibition of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Asem
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Allison M Young
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Carlysa Oyama
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | | | - Yueying Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Tyvette S Hilliard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Jeffery Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Elizabeth I Harper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Ian Guldner
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame; South Bend, Indiana
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame; South Bend, Indiana
| | - Toni Page-Mayberry
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - William J Kaliney
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
| | - M Sharon Stack
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana
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15
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Zhu X, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Gu X, Chen G, Sun L, Wang Y, Qiao X, Ma Q, Zhu T, Bu J, Xue J, Liu C. HCK can serve as novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for Breast Cancer patients. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2773-2789. [PMID: 33162805 PMCID: PMC7645343 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.43161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of HCK expression in the prognosis of breast cancer patients is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore the clinical implications of HCK expression in breast cancer. We assessed HCK expression and genetic variations in breast cancer using Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, and cBioPortal databases. Then, immunochemistry was used to analyze HCK expression in breast cancer specimens, non-cancer tissues and metastatic cancer tissues. Consequently, we evaluated the effect of HCK expression on survival outcomes set as disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Finally, STRING, Coexpedia, and TISIDB database were explored to identify the molecular functions and regulation pathways of HCK. We found that breast cancer tissues have more HCK mRNA transcripts than non-cancer tissues. Patients with HCK expression had significantly shorter DFS and OS. The ratio of HCK expression was higher in cancer tissues than in non-cancer tissues. These results from STRING database, FunRich software, and TISIDB database showed that HCK was involved in mediating multiple biological processes including immune response-regulating signaling pathway, cell growth and maintenance through multiple signaling pathways including epithelial to mesenchymal transition, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Overall, HCK may be an oncogene in the development of breast cancer and thus may as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Operating Room, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Xi Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Guanglei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Yulun Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Xinbo Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Qingtian Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Jiawen Bu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Jinqi Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Caigang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
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16
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Chamani M, Maleki Dana P, Chaichian S, Moazzami B, Asemi Z. Chitosan is a potential inhibitor of ovarian cancer: Molecular aspects. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:687-697. [PMID: 31873986 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although ovarian cancer has a lower prevalence than breast cancer, its mortality rate is three times higher, which is reported to increase in the coming years. As the early stages of ovarian cancer do not have any obvious symptoms, in most of the cases, this cancer is diagnosed at advanced stages with a poor prognosis. Moreover, in many patients who are diagnosed with advanced stage, relapse of the disease and drug resistance are observed. Over the past years, these women have been treated with chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgeries. However, the chemotherapy could affect the healthy tissues in addition to the malignancies. Therefore, discovering new diagnostic and therapeutic options seems to be a crucial need. Unlike the common invasive and/or nonspecific treatments, nanomedicine is trying to find a new way for cancer imaging, diagnosis, and drug delivery method. Nanoparticles (NPs), which has recently drawn attention, can be used in order to reduce the toxicity and frequent dosing of drugs, tumor-specific delivery, and early diagnosis for malignancies. Chitosan as an NP and product of chitin deacetylation has multiple characteristics, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and safety. In this review, we cover the studies concerned with the role of chitosan in finding solutions to overcome the problems faced in ovarian cancer treatments. Furthermore, we highlight how chitosan is being used in delivering chemotherapy drugs, gene therapy, and imaging methods for both detection and image-guided therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Chamani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shahla Chaichian
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Moazzami
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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17
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Xie W, Zhu S, Yang B, Chen C, Chen S, Liu Y, Nie X, Hao L, Wang Z, Sun J, Chang S. The Destruction Of Laser-Induced Phase-Transition Nanoparticles Triggered By Low-Intensity Ultrasound: An Innovative Modality To Enhance The Immunological Treatment Of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9377-9393. [PMID: 31819438 PMCID: PMC6896924 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s208404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and oxaliplatin (OXP) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) following damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) exposure or release and can be united via the use of nanoplatforms to deliver drugs that can impart anti-tumor effects. The aim of this study was to develop phase-transition nanoparticles (OI_NPs) loaded with perfluoropentane (PFP), indocyanine green (ICG), and oxaliplatin (OXP), to augment anti-tumor efficacy and the immunological effects of chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy and sonodynamic therapy (PSDT). Methods OI_NPs were fabricated by a double emulsion method and a range of physicochemical and dual-modal imaging features were characterized. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry were used to determine the cellular uptake of OI_NPs by ID8 cells. The viability and apoptotic rate of ID8 cells were investigated using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Flow cytometry, Western blotting, and luminometric assays were then used to investigate the exposure or release of crucial DAMPs such as calreticulin (CRT), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and adenosine-5ʹ-triphosphate (ATP). Tumor rechallenge experiments were then used to investigate whether treated ID8 cells underwent ICD. Finally, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity was determined by a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Results Spherical OI_NPs were able to carry OXP, ICG and PFP and were successfully internalized by ID8 cells. The application of OI_NPs significantly enhanced the phase shift ability of PFP and the optical characteristics of ICG, thus leading to a significant improvement in photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging. When combined with near-infrared light and ultrasound, the application of OI_NPs led to improved anti-tumor effects on cancer cells, and significantly enhanced the expression of DAMPs, thus generating a long-term anti-tumor effect. Conclusion The application of OI_NPs, loaded with appropriate cargo, may represent a novel strategy with which to increase anti-tumor effects, enhance immunological potency, and improve dual-mode imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenyin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyong Yang
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuning Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyuan Nie
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Hao
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangchuan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
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18
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Aghamiri S, Mehrjardi KF, Shabani S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Kargar S, Rezaei N. Nanoparticle-siRNA: a potential strategy for ovarian cancer therapy? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2083-2100. [PMID: 31368405 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality throughout the world. Unfortunately, chemotherapy has failed to cure advanced cancers developing multidrug resistance (MDR). Moreover, it has critical side effects because of nonspecific toxicity. Thanks to specific silencing of oncogenes and MDR-associated genes, nano-siRNA drugs can be a great help address the limitations of chemotherapy. Here, we review the current advances in nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery strategies such as polymeric- and lipid-based systems, rigid nanoparticles and nanoparticles coupled to specific ligand systems. Nanoparticle-based codelivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA targeting various mechanisms of MDR is a cutting-edge strategy for ovarian cancer therapy, which is completely discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Aghamiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Keyvan Fallah Mehrjardi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
| | - Sasan Shabani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Saeed Kargar
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
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19
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TRIM50 acts as a novel Src suppressor and inhibits ovarian cancer progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1412-1420. [PMID: 31176697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Src is a known proto-oncogene and its aberrant activity is involved in a variety of cancers, including ovarian cancer, whereas the regulatory mechanism of Src has not been fully clarified. In this study, we identified tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) 50 as a novel negative regulator of Src protein. Our data showed that TRIM50 directly interacted with SH3 domain of Src via its B-box domain; and TRIM50 reduced Src stability by inducing RING domain-dependent K48-linked poly-ubiquitous modification. We further demonstrated that TRIM50 acted as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer cells by its negative regulation of Src protein. In vivo animal model verified that TRIM50 inhibited the xenograft tumor growth of ovarian cancer by suppressing Src protein. Clinical investigation showed that expression of TRIM50 in clinical specimens was inversely correlated with the clinical stages, pathology grades and lymph node metastatic status of the patients, which indicated the involvement of aberrant TRIM50 expression in disease progression. Further analysis verified the negative correlation between TRIM50 and Src expression in clinical specimens. Altogether, we identified TRIM50 as a novel suppressor of Src protein, and demonstrated that TRIM50 inhibited ovarian cancer progression by targeting Src and reducing its activity, which provided a novel therapeutic strategy for Src over-activated cancers by positive regulation of TRIM50.
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20
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Water-soluble variant of human Lynx1 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells via modulation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217339. [PMID: 31150435 PMCID: PMC6544245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lynx1 is the first three-finger prototoxin found in the mammalian central nervous system. It is a GPI-anchored protein modulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain. Besides the brain, the Lynx1 protein was found in the lung and kidney. Endogenous Lynx1 controls the nicotine-induced up-regulation of the expression of α7 type nAChRs in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells as well as the cell growth. Here, we analyzed the Lynx1 expression in the set of human epithelial cells. The Lynx1 expression both at the mRNA and protein level was detected in normal oral keratinocytes, and lung, colon, epidermal, and breast cancer cells, but not in embryonic kidney cells. Co-localization of Lynx1 with α7-nAChRs was revealed in a cell membrane for lung adenocarcinoma A549 and colon carcinoma HT-29 cells, but not for breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 and epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. The recombinant water-soluble variant of Lynx1 without a GPI-anchor (ws-Lynx1) inhibited the growth of A549 cells causing cell cycle arrest via modulation of α7-nAChRs and activation of different intracellular signaling cascades, including PKC/IP3, MAP/ERK, p38, and JNK pathways. A549 cells treatment with ws-Lynx1 resulted in phosphorylation of the proapoptotic tumor suppressor protein p53 and different kinases participated in the regulation of gene transcription, cell growth, adhesion, and differentiation. Externalization of phosphatidylserine, an early apoptosis marker, observed by flow cytometry, confirmed the induction of apoptosis in A549 cells upon the ws-Lynx1 treatment. Our data revealed the ability of ws-Lynx1 to regulate homeostasis of epithelial cancer cells.
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21
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Roseweir AK, Powell AG, Horstman SL, Inthagard J, Park JH, McMillan DC, Horgan PG, Edwards J. Src family kinases, HCK and FGR, associate with local inflammation and tumour progression in colorectal cancer. Cell Signal 2019; 56:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Dong J, Zhang X, Qu C, Rong X, Liu J, Qu Y. Structural characterization of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) oligopeptides and the detection of their capability in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells: induction of apoptosis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8300-8309. [PMID: 35518675 PMCID: PMC9061805 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligopeptides are rarely reported from Chinese herbal medicine because they are often present in very low concentrations in a complex matrix. Twenty-eight oligopeptides were recently identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) from Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), and a septapeptide, FHGKGHE (Phe-His-Gly-Lys-Gly-His-Glu), named MCLO-12, showed the best anticancer activity against the non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line in vitro, with an IC50 value of 21.4 ± 2.21 mM. The anti-proliferative activity assay results showed that MCLO-12 induced apoptosis of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of the cells with MCLO-12 (10.7–42.8 mM mL−1) caused strong intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) up-regulating activities and activated caspase expression. MCLO-12 also suppressed the Trx system and subsequently activated a number of Trx-dependent pathways, including the ASK1, MAPK-p38 and JNK pathways. Thus, our research provides a good reference point for anti-NSCLC research into oligopeptides. MCLO-12 induced apoptosis by up-regulating the ROS, activating the caspases expressions, suppressing the Trx system and subsequently activating a number of Trx-dependent pathways.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | - Xianxin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital
- Jinan
- China
| | - Chunxiao Qu
- Department of Pharmacy
- Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xuedong Rong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital
- Jinan
- China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yiqing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
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23
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Drug repositioning and biomarkers in low-grade glioma via bioinformatics approach. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2019.100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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24
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Byeon Y, Lee JW, Choi WS, Won JE, Kim GH, Kim MG, Wi TI, Lee JM, Kang TH, Jung ID, Cho YJ, Ahn HJ, Shin BC, Lee YJ, Sood AK, Han HD, Park YM. CD44-Targeting PLGA Nanoparticles Incorporating Paclitaxel and FAK siRNA Overcome Chemoresistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6247-6256. [PMID: 30115698 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is commonly used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, yet most ovarian cancers harbor inherent resistance or develop acquired resistance. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance are required. In this study, we developed a hyaluronic acid-labeled poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticle (HA-PLGA-NP) encapsulating both paclitaxel (PTX) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) siRNA as a selective delivery system against chemoresistant ovarian cancer. The mean size and zeta potential of the HA-PLGA-NP were 220 nm and -7.3 mV, respectively. Incorporation efficiencies for PTX and FAK siRNA in the HA-PLGA-NPs were 77% and 85%, respectively. HA-PLGA-NP showed higher binding efficiency for CD44-positive tumor cells as compared with CD44-negative cells. HA-PLGA (PTX+FAK siRNA)-NP caused increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis in drug-resistant tumor cells. Treatment of human epithelial ovarian cancer tumor models HeyA8-MDR (P < 0.001) and SKOV3-TR (P < 0.001) with HA-PLGA (PTX+FAK siRNA)-NP resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth. Moreover, in a drug-resistant, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, HA-PLGA (PTX+FAK siRNA)-NP significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with PTX alone (P < 0.002). Taken together, HA-PLGA-NP acts as an effective and selective delivery system for both the chemotherapeutic and the siRNA in order to overcome chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma.Significance: These findings demonstrate the efficacy of a novel, selective, two-in-one delivery system to overcome chemoresistance in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Res; 78(21); 6247-56. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongseon Byeon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Whan Soo Choi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Won
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Ga Hee Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Min Gi Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Tae In Wi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Lee
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Tae Heung Kang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - In Duk Jung
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Young-Jae Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Ahn
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Cheol Shin
- Bio/Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young Joo Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Center for RNAi and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hee Dong Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea.
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea.
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Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of gene modules for the prognosis of esophageal cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 37:319-325. [PMID: 28585144 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-017-1734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor, whose pathogenesis and prognosis factors are not fully understood. This study aimed to discover the gene clusters that have similar functions and can be used to predict the prognosis of esophageal cancer. The matched microarray and RNA sequencing data of 185 patients with esophageal cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and gene co-expression networks were built without distinguishing between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The result showed that 12 modules were associated with one or more survival data such as recurrence status, recurrence time, vital status or vital time. Furthermore, survival analysis showed that 5 out of the 12 modules were related to progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS). As the most important module, the midnight blue module with 82 genes was related to PFS, apart from the patient age, tumor grade, primary treatment success, and duration of smoking and tumor histological type. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that "glycoprotein binding" was the top enriched function of midnight blue module genes. Additionally, the blue module was the exclusive gene clusters related to OS. Platelet activating factor receptor (PTAFR) and feline Gardner-Rasheed (FGR) were the top hub genes in both modeling datasets and the STRING protein interaction database. In conclusion, our study provides novel insights into the prognosis-associated genes and screens out candidate biomarkers for esophageal cancer.
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Rashed MH, Kanlikilicer P, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Pichler M, Bayraktar R, Bayraktar E, Ivan C, Filant J, Silva A, Aslan B, Denizli M, Mitra R, Ozpolat B, Calin GA, Sood AK, Abd-Ellah MF, Helal GK, Berestein GL. Exosomal miR-940 maintains SRC-mediated oncogenic activity in cancer cells: a possible role for exosomal disposal of tumor suppressor miRNAs. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20145-20164. [PMID: 28423620 PMCID: PMC5386751 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have emerged as important mediators of diverse biological functions including tumor suppression, tumor progression, invasion, immune escape and cell-to-cell communication, through the release of molecules such as mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins. Here, we identified differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs between normal epithelial ovarian cell line and both resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines. We found miR-940 as abundant in exosomes from SKOV3-IP1, HeyA8, and HeyA8-MDR cells. The high expression of miR-940 is associated with better survival in patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. Ectopic expression of miR-940 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration and triggered G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in OC cells. Overexpression of miR-940 also inhibited tumor cell growth in vivo. We showed that proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC) is directly targeted by miR-940 and that miR-940 inhibited SRC expression at mRNA and protein levels. Following this inhibition, the expression of proteins downstream of SRC, such as FAK, paxillin and Akt was also reduced. Collectively, our results suggest that OC cells secrete the tumor-suppressive miR-940 into the extracellular environment via exosomes, to maintain their invasiveness and tumorigenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H Rashed
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Pinar Kanlikilicer
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justyna Filant
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andreia Silva
- Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Burcu Aslan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Merve Denizli
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rahul Mitra
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed F. Abd-Ellah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gouda K. Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gabriel Lopez Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Denizli M, Aslan B, Mangala LS, Jiang D, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. Chitosan Nanoparticles for miRNA Delivery. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1632:219-230. [PMID: 28730442 PMCID: PMC7423176 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7138-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference techniques represent a promising strategy for therapeutic applications. In addition to small interfering RNA-based approaches, which have been widely studied and translated into clinical investigations, microRNA-based approaches are attractive owing to their "one hit, multiple targets" concept. To overcome challenges with in vivo delivery of microRNAs related to stability, cellular uptake, and specific delivery, our group has developed and characterized chitosan nanoparticles for nucleotide delivery. This platform allows for robust target modulation and antitumor activity following intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Denizli
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Burcu Aslan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Bldg., CPB6.3275, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1362, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dahai Jiang
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Bldg., CPB6.3275, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1362, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Bldg., CPB6.3275, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1362, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Program in Cancer Biology and Cancer Metastasis, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Tomar T, de Jong S, Alkema NG, Hoekman RL, Meersma GJ, Klip HG, van der Zee AG, Wisman GBA. Genome-wide methylation profiling of ovarian cancer patient-derived xenografts treated with the demethylating agent decitabine identifies novel epigenetically regulated genes and pathways. Genome Med 2016; 8:107. [PMID: 27765068 PMCID: PMC5072346 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-016-0361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), intrinsic and/or acquired resistance against platinum-containing chemotherapy is a major obstacle for successful treatment. A low frequency of somatic mutations but frequent epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation in HGSOC tumors, presents the cancer epigenome as a relevant target for innovative therapy. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) supposedly are good preclinical models for identifying novel drug targets. However, the representativeness of global methylation status of HGSOC PDXs compared to their original tumors has not been evaluated so far. Aims of this study were to explore how representative HGSOC PDXs are of their corresponding patient tumor methylome and to evaluate the effect of epigenetic therapy and cisplatin on putative epigenetically regulated genes and their related pathways in PDXs. Methods Genome-wide analysis of the DNA methylome of HGSOC patients with their corresponding PDXs, from different generations, was performed using Infinium 450 K methylation arrays. Furthermore, we analyzed global methylome changes after treatment of HGSOC PDXs with the FDA approved demethylating agent decitabine and cisplatin. Findings were validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing with subsequent pathway analysis. Publicly available datasets comprising HGSOC patients were used to analyze the prognostic value of the identified genes. Results Only 0.6–1.0 % of all analyzed CpGs (388,696 CpGs) changed significantly (p < 0.01) during propagation, showing that HGSOC PDXs were epigenetically stable. Treatment of F3 PDXs with decitabine caused a significant reduction in methylation in 10.6 % of CpG sites in comparison to untreated PDXs (p < 0.01, false discovery rate <10 %). Cisplatin treatment had a marginal effect on the PDX methylome. Pathway analysis of decitabine-treated PDX tumors revealed several putative epigenetically regulated pathways (e.g., the Src family kinase pathway). In particular, the C-terminal Src kinase (CSK) gene was successfully validated for epigenetic regulation in different PDX models and ovarian cancer cell lines. Low CSK methylation and high CSK expression were both significantly associated (p < 0.05) with improved progression-free survival and overall survival in HGSOC patients. Conclusions HGSOC PDXs resemble the global epigenome of patients over many generations and can be modulated by epigenetic drugs. Novel epigenetically regulated genes such as CSK and related pathways were identified in HGSOC. Our observations encourage future application of PDXs for cancer epigenome studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0361-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Tomar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Steven de Jong
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette G Alkema
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rieks L Hoekman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Jan Meersma
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Harry G Klip
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Ate Gj van der Zee
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - G Bea A Wisman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
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Predicting novel salivary biomarkers for the detection of pancreatic cancer using biological feature-based classification. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 213:394-399. [PMID: 28283209 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM The use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid enables non-invasive sampling and thus is a prospective sample for disease tests. This study fully utilized the information from the salivary transcriptome to characterize pancreatic cancer related genes and predict novel salivary biomarkers. METHODS We calculated the enrichment scores of gene ontology (GO) and pathways annotated in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) for pancreatic cancer-related genes. Annotation of GO and KEGG pathway characterize the molecular features of genes. We employed Random Forest classification and incremental feature selection to identify the optimal features among them and predicted novel pancreatic cancer-related genes. RESULTS A total of 2175 gene ontology and 79 KEGG pathway terms were identified as the optimal features to identify pancreatic cancer-related genes. A total of 516 novel genes were predicted using these features. We discovered 29 novel biomarkers based on the expression of these 516 genes in saliva. Using our new biomarkers, we achieved a higher accuracy (92%) for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Another independent expression dataset confirmed that these novel biomarkers performed better than the previously described markers alone. CONCLUSION By analyzing the information of the salivary transcriptome, we predict pancreatic cancer-related genes and novel salivary gene markers for detection.
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Manek R, Pakzamir E, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Pejovic T, Sowter H, Gayther SA, Lawrenson K. Targeting Src in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e251. [PMID: 27526105 PMCID: PMC5007828 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The SRC proto-oncogene is commonly overexpressed or activated during cancer development. Src family kinase inhibitors are approved for the treatment of certain leukemias, and are in clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors. Src signaling is activated in endometriosis, a precursor of clear cell and endometrioid subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancers (OCs). We examined the expression of phosphorylated Src (Src-pY416) in 381 primary OC tissues. Thirty-six percent of OCs expressed Src-pY416. Src-pY416 expression was most common in endometriosis-associated OCs (EAOCs) (P=0.011), particularly in clear cell OCs where 58.5% of cases expressed Src-pY416. Src-pY416 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (log rank P=0.002). In vitro inhibition of Src signaling using 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(dimethylethyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (PP2) resulted in reduced anchorage-independent and -dependent growth, and in three-dimensional cell culture models PP2 disrupted aggregate formation in Src-pY416-positive but not in Src-pY416-negative cell lines. These data suggest that targeting active Src signaling could be a novel therapeutic opportunity for EAOCs, and support the further pre-clinical investigation of Src family kinase inhibitors for treating OCs expressing Src-pY416.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manek
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Pakzamir
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Mhawech-Fauceglia
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - H Sowter
- Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - S A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Lawrenson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Fletcher JI, Williams RT, Henderson MJ, Norris MD, Haber M. ABC transporters as mediators of drug resistance and contributors to cancer cell biology. Drug Resist Updat 2016; 26:1-9. [PMID: 27180306 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebekka T Williams
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle J Henderson
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
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Hatakeyama H, Wu SY, Mangala LS, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. Assessment of In Vivo siRNA Delivery in Cancer Mouse Models. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1402:189-197. [PMID: 26721492 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3378-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has rapidly become a powerful tool for target discovery and therapeutics. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are highly effective in mediating sequence-specific gene silencing. However, the major obstacle for using siRNAs as cancer therapeutics is their systemic delivery from the administration site to target cells in vivo. This chapter describes approaches to deliver siRNA effectively for cancer treatment and discusses in detail the current methods to assess pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of siRNAs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Hatakeyama
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MDAnderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MDAnderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MDAnderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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Cho HJ, Kim SS, Wang HJ, Kim BW, Cho H, Jung J, Cho SS, Kim JK, Lee JH, Kim YB, Yang MJ, Yoo BM, Lee KJ, Cho SW, Cheong JY. Detection of Novel Genomic Markers for Predicting Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients by Integrative Analysis of Copy Number Aberrations and Gene Expression Profiles: Results from a Long-Term Follow-Up. DNA Cell Biol 2015; 35:71-80. [PMID: 26624274 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.3026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore novel genomic biomarkers predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis by integrative analysis of DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) and gene expression profiles. Array comparative genomic hybridization and expression array were performed on 45 and 31 HCC samples, respectively. To identify functionally important genes, concordant results of DNA copy number and gene expression were retrieved by integrative analysis. Cox regression analysis indicated that the CNAs in 192 genomic regions were significantly associated with overall survival (OS; p < 0.05). Integrative analysis capturing concordant results demonstrated that the low expression of TLE4 (p = 0.041) and XPA (p = 0.006) was associated with poor OS. In the analysis of tumor recurrence, 514 genomic regions with CNAs were associated with recurrence. Integrative analysis revealed that the overexpression of 16 genes, including FGR (p = 0.003), RELA (p = 0.049), LTBP3 (p = 0.050), and RIN1 (p = 0.023), was significantly associated with shorter time to tumor recurrence. On multivariate analysis, FGR and XPA were independent risk factors of early recurrence and poor OS, respectively. Integrated analysis of CNAs and gene expression profiles correlated with long-term follow-up data successfully identified potential prognostic markers predicting survival and tumor recurrence in patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Cho
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Sun Kim
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Wang
- 2 Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Wan Kim
- 2 Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseong Cho
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea.,4 Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghee Jung
- 5 Department of Bioinformatics, Macrogen, Inc. , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jai Keun Kim
- 6 Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jei Hee Lee
- 6 Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bae Kim
- 7 Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jae Yang
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Moo Yoo
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Jae Lee
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Cho
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine , Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Kwon HJ, Byeon Y, Jeon HN, Cho SH, Han HD, Shin BC. Gold cluster-labeled thermosensitive liposmes enhance triggered drug release in the tumor microenvironment by a photothermal effect. J Control Release 2015; 216:132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Han HD, Jeon YW, Kwon HJ, Jeon HN, Byeon Y, Lee CO, Cho SH, Shin BC. Therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin delivery by a CO2 generating liposomal platform in breast carcinoma. Acta Biomater 2015; 24:279-285. [PMID: 26102337 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery using thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) has significant potential for tumor drug targeting and can be combined with local hyperthermia to trigger drug release. Although TSL-mediated drug delivery can be effective by itself, we developed doxorubicin (DOX)-containing CO2 bubble-generating TSL (TSL-C) that were found to enhance the antitumor effects of DOX owing to the synergism between burst release of drug and hyperthermia-induced CO2 generation. An ultrasound imaging system was used to monitor hyperthermia-induced CO2 generation in TSL-C and the results revealed that hyperthermia-induced CO2 generation in TSL-C led to increased DOX release compared to that observed for non-CO2-generating TSL. Moreover, TSL-C significantly inhibited the tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice compared to TSL (p<0.004). Taken together, we demonstrated that the TSL-C platform increased the therapeutic efficacy of cancer chemotherapy and showed the applicability of this approach to increase drug release within the tumor microenvironment. As a novel and highly effective drug delivery platform, TSL-C has great potential for use in a broad range of applications for the treatment of various human diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We have developed a novel method for drug release from liposomes by gas (CO2) generation in tumor microenvironment. In addition, we demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in breast carcinoma. CO2-generated liposomal doxorubicin is a novel and highly attractive delivery system for anticancer drug with the potential for broad applications in human disease.
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The ZNF304-integrin axis protects against anoikis in cancer. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7351. [PMID: 26081979 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly metastatic disease, but no effective strategies to target this process are currently available. Here, an integrative computational analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas OC data set and experimental validation identifies a zinc finger transcription factor ZNF304 associated with OC metastasis. High tumoral ZNF304 expression is associated with poor overall survival in OC patients. Through reverse phase protein array analysis, we demonstrate that ZNF304 promotes multiple proto-oncogenic pathways important for cell survival, migration and invasion. ZNF304 transcriptionally regulates β1 integrin, which subsequently regulates Src/focal adhesion kinase and paxillin and prevents anoikis. In vivo delivery of ZNF304 siRNA by a dual assembly nanoparticle leads to sustained gene silencing for 14 days, increased anoikis and reduced tumour growth in orthotopic mouse models of OC. Taken together, ZNF304 is a transcriptional regulator of β1 integrin, promotes cancer cell survival and protects against anoikis in OC.
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Xiao J, Xu M, Hou T, Huang Y, Yang C, Li J. Dasatinib enhances antitumor activity of paclitaxel in ovarian cancer through Src signaling. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3249-3256. [PMID: 25975261 PMCID: PMC4526065 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Src family tyrosine kinase (SFK) activation is associated with ovarian cancer progression. Therefore, SFKs are targets for the development of potential treatments of ovarian cancer. Dasatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets SFK activity, and is used for the treatment of B cell and Abelson lymphomas. At the present time, the potential effect of dasatinib on ovarian cancer is not clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor activity of dasatinib, alone and in combination with paclitaxel, in ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, the expression of Src and phospho‑Src-Y416 (p‑Src) was measured in six ovarian cancer cell lines using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In addition, cell viability and apoptosis were measured using an MTT assay and annexin V‑fluorescein isothiocyanate staining. An ovarian cancer murine xenograft model was established, in order to evaluate the antitumor effect of dasatinib alone and in combination with paclitaxel in ovarian cancer. High levels of p‑Src protein expression were observed in all cell lines, as compared with healthy cells, which indicated activation of the Src signaling pathway. p‑Src expression increased in ovarian cancer cells following paclitaxel treatment. Dasatinib treatment demonstrated anti‑ovarian cancer properties, by downregulating p‑Src expression and by inducing cancer cell apoptosis. Combined treatment with dasatinib and paclitaxel markedly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells, compared with control cells. Combined dasatinib and paclitaxel treatment exhibited antitumor activities in vivo and in vitro (combination indices, 0.25‑0.93 and 0.31‑0.75; and tumor growth inhibitory rates, 76.7% and 58.5%, in A2780 and HO8910 cell lines, respectively), compared with paclitaxel treatment alone. Dasatinib monotherapy demonstrated anti‑ovarian cancer activities. The effects of dasatinib and paclitaxel treatments on ovarian cancer cells appeared to be mediated by the Src pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Teng Hou
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yongwen Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chenlu Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jundong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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Xu J, Yong M, Li J, Dong X, Yu T, Fu X, Hu L. High level of CFTR expression is associated with tumor aggression and knockdown of CFTR suppresses proliferation of ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2227-34. [PMID: 25738998 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, members of which are involved in various types of cancer. The relationship between CFTR and ovarian cancer remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of CFTR in human ovarian cancer tissues and its clinical significance in the progression of ovarian cancer. The role of CFTR in the malignant invasion, migration and proliferation of ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo was also investigated. Immunohistochemical staining analysis was performed to detect the expression of CFTR in 83 cases of human epithelial ovarian cancer specimens. Moreover, SKOV3 and A2780 stable cell lines containing shRNA gene specific for CFTR were established. Cell proliferation and motility were observed and compared with CFTR-RNAi cells. Tumorigenicity of CFTR-RNAi cells was investigated by tumor xenograft experiments conducted subcutaneously in nude mice. The expresssion of CFTR in ovarian cancer was significantly higher than that in benign ovarian tumor and normal ovaries (P<0.05). In ovarian cancer, CFTR expression was significantly associated with advanced FIGO stage, poor histopathological grade and serum Ca-125 (P<0.05). Furthermore, we observed that CFTR staining was stronger in the serous type as compared to the other types (P<0.05). Compared with the negative control, decreased cell invasion, migration, proliferation, adhesion and colony formation were observed in CFTR-RNAi cells in vitro. In vivo, tumorigenic abilities of CFTR-RNAi cells were significantly repressed compared with that of the control groups. CFTR overexpression may play an important role in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Additionally, the downregulation of CFTR suppresses aggressive malignant biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xu
- Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Min Yong
- Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Tinghe Yu
- Laboratory of Obsterics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Laboratory of Obsterics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Obsterics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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Enhanced gastrointestinal expression of cytosolic malic enzyme (ME1) induces intestinal and liver lipogenic gene expression and intestinal cell proliferation in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113058. [PMID: 25402228 PMCID: PMC4234650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The small intestine participates in lipid digestion, metabolism and transport. Cytosolic malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is an enzyme that generates NADPH used in fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. Previous work has correlated liver and adipose ME1 expression with susceptibility to obesity and diabetes; however, the contributions of intestine-expressed ME1 to these conditions are unknown. We generated transgenic (Tg) mice expressing rat ME1 in the gastrointestinal epithelium under the control of the murine villin1 promoter/enhancer. Levels of intestinal ME1 protein (endogenous plus transgene) were greater in Tg than wildtype (WT) littermates. Effects of elevated intestinal ME1 on body weight, circulating insulin, select adipocytokines, blood glucose, and metabolism-related genes were examined. Male Tg mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet gained significantly more body weight than WT male littermates and had heavier livers. ME1-Tg mice had deeper intestinal and colon crypts, a greater intestinal 5-bromodeoxyuridine labeling index, and increased expression of intestinal lipogenic (Fasn, Srebf1) and cholesterol biosynthetic (Hmgcsr, Hmgcs1), genes. The livers from HF diet-fed Tg mice also exhibited an induction of cholesterol and lipogenic pathway genes and altered measures (Irs1, Irs2, Prkce) of insulin sensitivity. Results indicate that gastrointestinal ME1 via its influence on intestinal epithelial proliferation, and lipogenic and cholesterologenic genes may concomitantly impact signaling in liver to modify this tissue’s metabolic state. Our work highlights a new mouse model to address the role of intestine-expressed ME1 in whole body metabolism, hepatomegaly, and crypt cell proliferation. Intestinal ME1 may thus constitute a therapeutic target to reduce obesity-associated pathologies.
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Engelberth SA, Hempel N, Bergkvist M. Development of nanoscale approaches for ovarian cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Crit Rev Oncog 2014; 19:281-315. [PMID: 25271436 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2014011455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecological cancers and the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women. This is largely due to late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis related to advanced-stage disease, and the high recurrence rate associated with development of chemoresistance. Survival statistics have not improved significantly over the last three decades, highlighting the fact that improved therapeutic strategies and early detection require substantial improvements. Here, we review and highlight nanotechnology-based approaches that seek to address this need. The success of Doxil, a PEGylated liposomal nanoencapsulation of doxorubicin, which was approved by the FDA for use on recurrent ovarian cancer, has paved the way for the current wave of nanoparticle formulations in drug discovery and clinical trials. We discuss and summarize new nanoformulations that are currently moving into clinical trials and highlight novel nanotherapeutic strategies that have shown promising results in preclinical in vivo studies. Further, the potential for nanomaterials in diagnostic imaging techniques and the ability to leverage nanotechnology for early detection of ovarian cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Hempel
- SUNY College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany NY 12203
| | - Magnus Bergkvist
- SUNY College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany NY 12203
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Abstract
Human cancer genomes harbour a variety of alterations leading to the deregulation of key pathways in tumour cells. The genomic characterization of tumours has uncovered numerous genes recurrently mutated, deleted or amplified, but gene fusions have not been characterized as extensively. Here we develop heuristics for reliably detecting gene fusion events in RNA-seq data and apply them to nearly 7,000 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We thereby are able to discover several novel and recurrent fusions involving kinases. These findings have immediate clinical implications and expand the therapeutic options for cancer patients, as approved or exploratory drugs exist for many of these kinases. Kinases activated by gene fusions represent potentially important targets for the development of cancer drugs. Here, the authors develop a method for detecting gene fusion events in RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and identify several novel recurrent fusions involving kinases.
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Li L, Li X, Han X, Yang T, Fu J, Zhang Y, Gou W. An ovarian cancer model with positive ER: Reversion of ER antagonist resistance by Src blockade. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:943-50. [PMID: 24968896 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 60% of ovarian cancers are positive for the estrogen receptor (ER); however, ER-targeted treatment is disappointing due to drug resistance as compared with breast cancer. In estrogen-sensitive cancers, estrogen activates Src to phosphorylate p27 promoting its degradation and increasing cell cycle progression. Since Src is frequently activated in ovarian cancers, we investigated whether combined Src and ER blockade by saracatinib and fulvestrant would circumvent anti-estrogen resistance. In 20 out of 40 enrolled patients with immunohistochemically ER-positive ovarian cancer, phosphorylated Src (p-Src) at the site of 416 tyrosine was expressed with a propensity for metastasis and a poorer disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 years following ER antagonist treatment. The effects of ER and Src blockade on cell cycle were assayed in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive ovarian cancer. We observed that Src activity was fairly greater in anti-estrogen-resistant ovarian cancer cells than that in the anti-estrogen-sensitive cell line. Estrogen activated Src via ER-Src binding and ER translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus. Mitogenesis was mediated via ERα, not ERβ. Combined saracatinib and fulvestrant increased p27 and inhibited cell cycle progression. Furthermore, dual therapy induced autophagy and inhibited ovarian cancer xenograft growth more effectively than monotherapy. Saracatinib facilitated the therapeutic effects of fulvestrant by antagonizing the estrogen-mediated Src activation. These are supportive of further preclinical assessment of combined fulvestrant and saracatinib in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Department of Second Thoracosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Han
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Second Thoracosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Gou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Draz MS, Fang BA, Zhang P, Hu Z, Gu S, Weng KC, Gray JW, Chen FF. Nanoparticle-mediated systemic delivery of siRNA for treatment of cancers and viral infections. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:872-92. [PMID: 25057313 PMCID: PMC4107289 DOI: 10.7150/thno.9404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanism, where non-coding, double-stranded RNA molecules interfere with the expression of certain genes in order to silence it. Since its discovery, this phenomenon has evolved as powerful technology to diagnose and treat diseases at cellular and molecular levels. With a lot of attention, short interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics has brought a great hope for treatment of various undruggable diseases, including genetic diseases, cancer, and resistant viral infections. However, the challenge of their systemic delivery and on how they are integrated to exhibit the desired properties and functions remains a key bottleneck for realizing its full potential. Nanoparticles are currently well known to exhibit a number of unique properties that could be strategically tailored into new advanced siRNA delivery systems. This review summarizes the various nanoparticulate systems developed so far in the literature for systemic delivery of siRNA, which include silica and silicon-based nanoparticles, metal and metal oxides nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, dendrimers, polymers, cyclodextrins, lipids, hydrogels, and semiconductor nanocrystals. Challenges and barriers to the delivery of siRNA and the role of different nanoparticles to surmount these challenges are also included in the review.
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Iżykowska K, Zawada M, Nowicka K, Grabarczyk P, Kuss AW, Weissmann R, Busemann C, Ludwig WD, Schmidt CA, Przybylski GK. Submicroscopic genomic rearrangements change gene expression in T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:143-9. [PMID: 24649974 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To better understand the molecular pathogenesis of T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGL), we decided to search for those genetic alterations in T-LGL patients and MOTN-1 cell line (established from T-LGL patient) that have an impact on gene expression and as a result can influence cell biology. METHODS Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) analysis of the MOTN-1 cell line was performed as well as paired-end next-generation sequencing (NGS; Illumina HiSeq2000) of this cell line and one T-LGL patient. In addition, chosen 6q region was characterized in three T-LGL patients using high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (FT-CGH) and LM-PCR. Gene expression was studied by RNA sequencing (RNAseq; SOLID5500). RESULTS Rearrangements were detected within 1p and 2q in MOTN-1 affecting expression of FGR, ZEB2, and CASP8, and within 6q in MOTN-1 and one T-LGL patient affecting MAP3K5 and IFNGR1. Nineteen genes, among them FOXN3, RIN3, AKT1, PPP2R5C, were overexpressed as a result of an amplification in 14q in one T-LGL patient. Two novel fusion transcripts were identified: CASP8-ERBB4 in MOTN-1 and SBF1-PKHD1L1 in T-LGL patient. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that submicroscopic genomic rearrangements change gene expression in T-LGL. Several genes involved in rearrangements were previously linked to cancer and survival pattern that characterizes T-LGL cells.
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Molinaro R, Wolfram J, Federico C, Cilurzo F, Di Marzio L, Ventura CA, Carafa M, Celia C, Fresta M. Polyethylenimine and chitosan carriers for the delivery of RNA interference effectors. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1653-68. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.840286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and advanced techniques for therapy are urgently needed. The development of novel nanomaterials and nanocarriers has allowed a major drive to improve drug delivery in cancer. The major aim of most nanocarrier applications has been to protect the drug from rapid degradation after systemic delivery and allowing it to reach tumor site at therapeutic concentrations, meanwhile avoiding drug delivery to normal sites as much as possible to reduce adverse effects. These nanocarriers are formulated to deliver drugs either by passive targeting, taking advantage of leaky tumor vasculature or by active targeting using ligands that increase tumoral uptake potentially resulting in enhanced antitumor efficacy, thus achieving a net improvement in therapeutic index. The rational design of nanoparticles plays a critical role since structural and physical characteristics, such as size, charge, shape, and surface characteristics determine the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, internalization and safety of the drugs. In this review, we focus on several novel and improved strategies in nanocarrier design for cancer therapy.
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Buschmann MD, Merzouki A, Lavertu M, Thibault M, Jean M, Darras V. Chitosans for delivery of nucleic acids. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1234-70. [PMID: 23872012 PMCID: PMC7103275 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alternatives to efficient viral vectors in gene therapy are desired because of their poor safety profiles. Chitosan is a promising non-viral nucleotide delivery vector because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenicity and ease of manufacturing. Since the transfection efficiency of chitosan polyplexes is relatively low compared to viral counterparts, there is an impetus to gain a better understanding of the structure-performance relationship. Recent progress in preparation and characterisation has enabled coupling analysis of chitosans structural parameters that has led to increased TE by tailoring of chitosan's structure. In this review, we summarize the recent advances that have lead to a more rational design of chitosan polyplexes. We present an integrated review of all major areas of chitosan-based transfection, including preparation, chitosan and polyplexes physicochemical characterisation, in vitro and in vivo assessment. In each, we present the obstacles to efficient transfection and the strategies adopted over time to surmount these impediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Buschmann
- Dept. Chemical Engineering and Inst. Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Shen H, Mittal V, Ferrari M, Chang J. Delivery of gene silencing agents for breast cancer therapy. Breast Cancer Res 2013; 15:205. [PMID: 23659575 PMCID: PMC3706796 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of RNA interference has opened the door for the development of a new class of cancer therapeutics. Small inhibitory RNA oligos are being designed to specifically suppress expression of proteins that are traditionally considered nondruggable, and microRNAs are being evaluated to exert broad control of gene expression for inhibition of tumor growth. Since most naked molecules are not optimized for in vivo applications, the gene silencing agents need to be packaged into delivery vehicles in order to reach the target tissues as their destinations. Thus, the selection of the right delivery vehicles serves as a crucial step in the development of cancer therapeutics. The current review summarizes the status of gene silencing agents in breast cancer and recent development of candidate cancer drugs in clinical trials. Nanotechnology-based delivery vectors for the formulation and packaging of gene silencing agents are also described.
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Huang YW, Chen C, Xu MM, Li JD, Xiao J, Zhu XF. Expression of c-Src and phospho-Src in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 376:73-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1550-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Schilder RJ, Brady WE, Lankes HA, Fiorica JV, Shahin MS, Zhou XC, Mannel RS, Pathak HB, Hu W, Alpaugh RK, Sood AK, Godwin AK. Phase II evaluation of dasatinib in the treatment of recurrent or persistent epithelial ovarian or primary peritoneal carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 127:70-4. [PMID: 22710075 PMCID: PMC3748717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preclinical data suggest an important role for the sarcoma proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (SRC) in the oncogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC). The Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) conducted a Phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dasatinib, an oral SRC-family inhibitor in EOC/PPC, and explored biomarkers for possible association with clinical outcome. METHODS Eligible women had measurable, recurrent or persistent EOC/PPC and had received one or two prior regimens which must have contained a platinum and a taxane. Patients were treated with 100mg orally daily of dasatinib continuously until progression of disease or adverse effects prevented further treatment. Primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS)≥6months and response rate. Serial plasma samples were assayed for multiple biomarkers. Circulating free DNA was quantified as were circulating tumor and endothelial cells. RESULTS Thirty-five (35) patients were enrolled in a two-stage sequential design. Of the 34 eligible and evaluable patients, 20.6% (90% confidence interval: 10.1%, 35.2%) had a PFS≥6months; there were no objective responses. Grade 3-4 toxicities were gastrointestinal (mostly nausea and emesis; n=4), pulmonary (dyspnea and/or pleural effusion; n=4) and pain (n=5), and infrequent instances of anemia, malaise, insomnia, rash, and central nervous system hemorrhage. Lack of clinical activity limited any correlation of biomarkers with outcome. CONCLUSION Dasatinib has minimal activity as a single-agent in patients with recurrent EOC/PPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell J Schilder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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