1
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Maleki F, Razmi H, Rashidi MR, Yousefi M, Ramezani S, Ghorbani M. Electrospun EU/HPMC nanofibers decorated by ZIF-8 nanoparticle as the advanced electrochemical biosensor modifier for sensitive and selective detection of c-MET cancer biomarker in human plasma sample. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116319. [PMID: 38669845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This research presents a selective and sensitive electrochemical biosensor for the detection of the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET). The biosensing is based on a modification of the SPCE (screen-printed carbon electrode) with the electrospun nanofiber containing eudragit (EU), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and Zeolite imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) nanoparticles. EU/HPMC/ZIF-8 nanofibers have presented a high capability of electron transfer, and more active surface area than bare SPCE due to synergistic effects between EU, HPMC, and ZIF-8. On the other hand, EU/HPMC nanofibers provided high porosity, flexible structures, high specific surface area, and good mechanical strength. The presence of ZIF-8 nanoparticles improved the immobilization of anti-c-MET on the modified SPCE and also resulted in increasing the conductivity. By c-MET incubation on the modified SPCE, c-MET was connected to anti-c-MET, and consequently the electrochemical signal of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as the anion redox probe was reduced. In order to investigate the structural and morphological characteristics and elemental composition of electrospun nanofibers, various characterization methods including FE-SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDS were used. Under optimum conditions with a working potential range -0.3-0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), linear range (LR), correlation coefficient (R2), sensitivity, and limit of detection (LOD) were acquired at 100 fg/mL-100 ng/mL, 0.9985, 53.28 μA/cm2.dec, and 1.28 fg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the mentioned biosensor was investigated in a human plasma sample to determine c-MET and showed ideal results including reproducibility, stability, and good selectivity against other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Razmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soghra Ramezani
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia 5716693188, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box:14965/115, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Zuckermann M, He C, Andrews J, Bagchi A, Sloan-Henry R, Bianski B, Xie J, Wang Y, Twarog N, Onar-Thomas A, Ernst KJ, Yang L, Li Y, Zhu X, Ocasio JK, Budd KM, Dalton J, Li X, Chepyala D, Zhang J, Xu K, Hover L, Roach JT, Chan KCH, Hofmann N, McKinnon PJ, Pfister SM, Shelat AA, Rankovic Z, Freeman BB, Chiang J, Jones DTW, Tinkle CL, Baker SJ. Capmatinib is an effective treatment for MET-fusion driven pediatric high-grade glioma and synergizes with radiotherapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:123. [PMID: 38849845 PMCID: PMC11157767 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma (pHGG) is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in children and can be subclassified into multiple entities. Fusion genes activating the MET receptor tyrosine kinase often occur in infant-type hemispheric glioma (IHG) but also in other pHGG and are associated with devastating morbidity and mortality. METHODS To identify new treatment options, we established and characterized two novel orthotopic mouse models harboring distinct MET fusions. These included an immunocompetent, murine allograft model and patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDOX) from a MET-fusion IHG patient who failed conventional therapy and targeted therapy with cabozantinib. With these models, we analyzed the efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties of three MET inhibitors, capmatinib, crizotinib and cabozantinib, alone or combined with radiotherapy. RESULTS Capmatinib showed superior brain pharmacokinetic properties and greater in vitro and in vivo efficacy than cabozantinib or crizotinib in both models. The PDOX models recapitulated the poor efficacy of cabozantinib experienced by the patient. In contrast, capmatinib extended survival and induced long-term progression-free survival when combined with radiotherapy in two complementary mouse models. Capmatinib treatment increased radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and delayed their repair. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively investigated the combination of MET inhibition and radiotherapy as a novel treatment option for MET-driven pHGG. Our seminal preclinical data package includes pharmacokinetic characterization, recapitulation of clinical outcomes, coinciding results from multiple complementing in vivo studies, and insights into molecular mechanism underlying increased efficacy. Taken together, we demonstrate the groundbreaking efficacy of capmatinib and radiation as a highly promising concept for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Zuckermann
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Chen He
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jared Andrews
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Aditi Bagchi
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Roketa Sloan-Henry
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Brandon Bianski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yingzhe Wang
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Nathaniel Twarog
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Arzu Onar-Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, Departments of BiostatisticsSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, 262 Danny Thomas Place, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Kati J Ernst
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jennifer K Ocasio
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Kaitlin M Budd
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - James Dalton
- Department of Pathology, Departments of PathologySt. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Departments of PathologySt. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Divyabharathi Chepyala
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Laura Hover
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jordan T Roach
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Kenneth Chun-Ho Chan
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Hofmann
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter J McKinnon
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anang A Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Burgess B Freeman
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jason Chiang
- Department of Pathology, Departments of PathologySt. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher L Tinkle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Suzanne J Baker
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
- Center Of Excellence in Neuro-Oncology Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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Piper AK, Penney C, Holliday J, Tincknell G, Ma Y, Napaki S, Pantel K, Brungs D, Ranson M. EGFR and PI3K Signalling Pathways as Promising Targets on Circulating Tumour Cells from Patients with Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5565. [PMID: 38791602 PMCID: PMC11122469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (mGAC) remains poor. Gene alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and their downstream effectors including catalytic subunit alpha of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) are common in mGAC. Targeted RTK and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) treatments have demonstrated clinical benefits in other solid tumours and are key potential targets for clinical development against mGAC given the presence of recurrent alterations in these pathways. Furthermore, combination RTK/PI3K treatments may overcome compensatory mechanisms that arise using monotherapies, leading to improved patient outcomes. Herein, we investigated RTK/PI3K single and combination drug responses against our unique human mGAC-derived PIK3CA gain-of-function mutant, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, EGFR-expressing circulating tumour cell line, UWG02CTC, under two- and three-dimensional culture conditions to model different stages of metastasis. UWG02CTCs were highly responsive to the PI3K p110α-subunit targeted drugs PIK-75 (IC50 = 37.0 ± 11.1 nM) or alpelisib (7.05 ± 3.7 µM). Drug sensitivities were significantly increased in 3D conditions. Compensatory MAPK/ERK pathway upregulation by PI3K/Akt suppression was overcome by combination treatment with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, which was strongly synergistic. PIK-75 plus gefitinib significantly impaired UWG02CTC invasion in an organotypic assay. In conclusion, UWG02CTCs are a powerful ex vivo mGAC drug responsiveness model revealing EGFR/PI3K-targeted drugs as a promising combination treatment option for HER2-negative, RAS wild-type mGAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Piper
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Chelsea Penney
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Holliday
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gary Tincknell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Yafeng Ma
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics & Research at the Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, South-Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Sarbar Napaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Brungs
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Marie Ranson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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4
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Chagas GCL, Rangel AR, El Osta B. MET alterations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 49:101075. [PMID: 38480027 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Precision medicine has helped identify several tumor molecular aberrations to be treated with targeted therapies. These therapies showed substantial improvement in efficacy without excessive toxicity in patients with specific oncogenic drivers with advanced cancers. In metastatic lung cancers, the implementation of broad platforms for molecular tumor sequencing has helped oncology providers identify oncogenic drivers linked with better outcomes when treated upfront with targeted therapies. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) alterations are present in up to 60% of non-small cell lung cancer and are associated with a poor prognosis. Capmatinib and tepotinib are currently the only two approved targeted therapies by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation. Several agents are being developed to tackle an unmet need in patients with MET alterations. Some of these agents are being used in combination with EGFR targeted therapy to mitigate resistance to EGFR inhibitor. These agents are poised to provide new hope for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cavalcante Lima Chagas
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Costa Mendes, 1608. 4(o) andar. Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ribeiro Rangel
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Costa Mendes, 1608. 4(o) andar. Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Badi El Osta
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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5
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Yadav AK, Wang S, Shin YM, Jang BC. PHA-665752's Antigrowth and Proapoptotic Effects on HSC-3 Human Oral Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2871. [PMID: 38474118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
c-Met is a tyrosine-kinase receptor, and its aberrant activation plays critical roles in tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastatic spread in many human tumors. PHA-665752 (PHA) is an inhibitor of c-Met and has antitumor effects on many hematological malignancies and solid cancers. However, the activation and expression of c-Met and its role and the antitumor effect of PHA on human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells remain unclear. Here, we investigated the activation and expression of c-Met and the effects of PHA on the growth of a highly tumorigenic HSC-3 human OSCC cell line with high c-Met phosphorylation and expression. Of note, c-Met was highly expressed and phosphorylated on Y1234/1235 in HSC-3 cells, and PHA treatment significantly suppressed the growth and induced apoptosis of these cells. Moreover, PHA that inhibited the phosphorylation (activation) of c-Met further caused the reduced phosphorylation and expression levels of Src, protein kinase B (PKB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTtor), and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in HSC-3 cells. In addition, the antiangiogenic property of PHA in HSC-3 cells was shown, as evidenced by the drug's suppressive effect on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a critical tumor angiogenic transcription factor. Importantly, genetic ablation of c-Met caused the reduced growth of HSC-3 cells and decreased Src phosphorylation and HIF-1α expression. Together, these results demonstrate that c-Met is highly activated in HSC-3 human oral cancer cells, and PHA exhibits strong antigrowth, proapoptotic, and antiangiogenic effects on these cells, which are mediated through regulation of the phosphorylation and expression of multiple targets, including c-Met, Src, PKB, mTOR, Mcl-1, and HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Yadav
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55455, USA
| | - Saini Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Shin
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Churl Jang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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6
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Sohn SH, Sul HJ, Kim BJ, Zang DY. Comparison of Tepotinib, Paclitaxel, or Ramucirumab Efficacy According to the Copy Number or Phosphorylation Status of the MET Gene: Doublet Treatment versus Single Agent Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1769. [PMID: 38339049 PMCID: PMC10855451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although conventional combination chemotherapies for advanced gastric cancer (GC) increase survival, such therapies are associated with major adverse effects; more effective and less toxic treatments are required. Combinations of different anti-cancer drugs, for example, paclitaxel plus ramucirumab, have recently been used as second-line treatments for advanced GC. This study evaluated how copy number variations of the MET gene, MET mutations, and MET gene and protein expression levels in human GC cells modulate the susceptibility of such cells to single-agent (tepotinib, ramucirumab, or paclitaxel) and doublet (tepotinib-plus-paclitaxel or ramucirumab-plus-paclitaxel treatment regimens. Compared with ramucirumab-plus-paclitaxel, tepotinib-plus-paclitaxel better inhibited the growth of GC cells with MET exon 14 skipping mutations and those lacking MET amplification but containing phosphorylated MET; such inhibition was dose-dependent and associated with cell death. Tepotinib-plus-paclitaxel and ramucirumab-plus-paclitaxel similarly inhibited the growth of GC cells lacking MET amplification or MET phosphorylation, again in a dose-dependent manner, but without induction of cell death. However, tepotinib alone or tepotinib-plus-ramucirumab was more effective against c-MET-positive GC cells (>30 copy number variations) than was ramucirumab or paclitaxel alone or ramucirumab-plus-paclitaxel. These in vitro findings suggest that compared with ramucirumab-plus-paclitaxel, tepotinib-plus-paclitaxel better inhibits the growth of c-MET-positive GC cells, cells lacking MET amplification but containing phosphorylated MET, and cells containing MET mutations. Clinical studies are required to confirm the therapeutic effects of these regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwa Sohn
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 14066, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Hee Jung Sul
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 14066, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Bum Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dae Young Zang
- Hallym Translational Research Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 14066, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.S.); (H.J.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si 14068, Republic of Korea;
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7
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Frumento D, Grossi G, Falesiedi M, Musumeci F, Carbone A, Schenone S. Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) for Glioblastoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1398. [PMID: 38338677 PMCID: PMC10855061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, many small molecules, usually characterized by heterocyclic scaffolds, have been designed and synthesized as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Among them, several compounds have been tested at preclinical and clinical levels to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is the most common and aggressive type of cancer originating in the brain and has an unfavorable prognosis, with a median survival of 15-16 months and a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Despite recent advances in treating GBM, it represents an incurable disease associated with treatment resistance and high recurrence rates. For these reasons, there is an urgent need for the development of new pharmacological agents to fight this malignancy. In this review, we reported the compounds published in the last five years, which showed promising activity in GBM preclinical models acting as TKIs. We grouped the compounds based on the targeted kinase: first, we reported receptor TKIs and then, cytoplasmic and peculiar kinase inhibitors. For each small molecule, we included the chemical structure, and we schematized the interaction with the target for some representative compounds with the aim of elucidating the mechanism of action. Finally, we cited the most relevant clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Anna Carbone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
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8
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Tang S, Sun C, He X, Gan W, Wang L, Qiao D, Guan X, Xu S, Zheng P, Zhu W. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-7-methoxyquinazoline derivatives as dual EGFR/c-Met inhibitors for the treatment of NSCLC. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115939. [PMID: 37984296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment, aberrant expression of c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) has been identified as a driving factor in epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance. Unfortunately, none of the EGFR/c-Met dual-target inhibitors have successfully passed clinical trials. Hence, based on molecular docking analysis and combination principles of EGFR and c-Met inhibitors, three series of 4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-7-methoxyquinazoline derivatives as new EGFR/c-Met inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their biological activities. Among these compounds, TS-41 displayed the best inhibitory activity against EGFRL858R and c-Met kinases, with an IC50 value of 68.1 nM and 0.26 nM respectively. Moreover, it also showed excellent inhibitory activity on three NSCLC cell lines A549-P, H1975 and PC-9 with IC50 values ranging from 1.48 to 2.76 μM. Flow cytometry assays demonstrated that TS-41 induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of A549-P cells in a concentration-dependent manner, corresponding to JC-1 staining assay results. Western blot analysis revealed that TS-41 significantly downregulated the phosphorylation of EGFR, c-Met, and downstream AKT at molecular level. Importantly, TS-41 exhibited potent in vivo anticancer efficacy in an A549-P-bearing allograft nude mouse model at a dose of 60 mg/kg with a tumor growth inhibition rate of 55.3 % compared with Afatinib (46.4 %), as well as low hemolytic toxicity and organ toxicity. Molecular docking results showed that TS-41 was well embedded into the cavity of EGFR (PDB: 5GMP) and c-Met (PDB: 3LQ8) proteins, respectively. In summary, TS-41 is a high-efficiency and low-toxicity EGFR/c-Met inhibitor for the treatment of NSCLC and is worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Chuanchuan Sun
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Xintao He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Wenhui Gan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Xinyu Guan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Pengwu Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, China.
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9
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Myint KZ, Sueca-Comes M, Collier P, Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Gordan J, Zaitoun AM, Mukherjee A, Arora A, Larbcharoensub N, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Wongprasert K, Janvilisri T, Gomez D, Grabowska AM, Tohtong R, Bates DO, Yacqub-Usman K. Preclinical evidence for anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors as novel therapeutic treatments for cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1184900. [PMID: 38144528 PMCID: PMC10748508 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1184900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) has a poor prognosis for patients, and despite recent advances in targeted therapies for other cancer types, it is still treated with standard chemotherapy. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has been shown to be a primary driver of disease progression in lung cancer, and ALK inhibitors are effective therapeutics in aberrant ALK-expressing tumors. Aberrant ALK expression has been documented in CCA, but the use of ALK inhibitors has not been investigated. Using CCA cell lines and close-to-patient primary cholangiocarcinoma cells, we investigated the potential for ALK inhibitors in CCA. Methods ALK, cMET, and ROS1 expression was determined in CCA patient tissue by immunohistochemistry and digital droplet polymerase chain reaction, and that in cell lines was determined by immunoblot and immunofluorescence. The effect on cell viability and mechanism of action of ALK, cMet, and ROS1 inhibitors was determined in CCA cell lines. To determine whether ceritinib could affect primary CCA cells, tissue was taken from four patients with biliary tract cancer, without ALK rearrangement, mutation, or overexpression, and grown in three-dimensional tumor growth assays in the presence or absence of humanized mesenchymal cells. Results ALK and cMet but not ROS were both upregulated in CCA tissues and cell lines. Cell survival was inhibited by crizotinib, a c-met/ALK/ROS inhibitor. To determine the mechanism of this effect, we tested c-Met-specific and ALK/ROS-specific inhibitors, capmatinib and ceritinib, respectively. Whereas capmatinib did not affect cell survival, ceritinib dose-dependently inhibited survival in all cell lines, with IC50 ranging from 1 to 9 µM and co-treatments with gemcitabine and cisplatin further sensitized cells, with IC50 ranging from IC50 0.60 to 2.32 µM. Ceritinib did not inhibit cMet phosphorylation but did inhibit ALK phosphorylation. ALK was not mutated in any of these cell lines. Only ceritinib inhibited 3D growth of all four patient samples below mean peak serum concentration, in the presence and absence of mesenchymal cells, whereas crizotinib and capmatinib failed to do this. Ceritinib appeared to exert its effect more through autophagy than apoptosis. Discussion These results indicate that ceritinib or other ALK/ROS inhibitors could be therapeutically useful in cholangiocarcinoma even in the absence of aberrant ALK/ROS1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mireia Sueca-Comes
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Collier
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John Gordan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Abed M. Zaitoun
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham Universities National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abhik Mukherjee
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham Universities National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Arvind Arora
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nottingham Universities National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trust, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Noppadol Larbcharoensub
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dhanny Gomez
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, and National Institute of Health Care Research (NIHR) Nottingham Digestive Disease Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna M. Grabowska
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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10
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Sheikhi N, Bahraminejad M, Saeedi M, Mirfazli SS. A review: FDA-approved fluorine-containing small molecules from 2015 to 2022. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115758. [PMID: 37657268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing small molecules have occupied a special position in drug discovery research. The successful clinical use of fluorinated corticosteroids in the 1950s and fluoroquinolones in the 1980s led to an ever-increasing number of approved fluorinated compounds over the last 50 years. They have shown various biological properties such as antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Fluoro-pharmaceuticals have been considered a strong and practical tool in the rational drug design approach due to their benefits from potency and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) points of view. Herein, approved fluorinated drugs from 2015 to 2022 were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Sheikhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahraminejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Fraser M, Seetharamu N, Diamond M, Lee CS. Profile of Capmatinib for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Patient Selection and Perspectives. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:1233-1243. [PMID: 37941971 PMCID: PMC10629434 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s386799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant c-MET (Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition) signaling contributes to cancer cell development, proliferation, and metastases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping mutation is noted in approximately 4% of NSCLC cases and is targetable with the recently approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors capmatinib and tepotinib. Capmatinib, the focus of this review article, is a highly selective MET inhibitor approved for use in patients with METex14 mutated NSCLC. In this review, we discuss cMET as a target, the pharmacology of capmatinib, key trials of capmatinib in MET-altered lung cancer, and toxicity profile. We highlight some ongoing capmatinib clinical trials that expand their role to other subsets of patients, especially those with EGFR mutations, who develop MET alterations as a resistance pathway. We further provide our perspective on the management of METex14 NSCLC, strategies for sequencing agents, and toxicity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Fraser
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Nagashree Seetharamu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Diamond
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Chung-Shien Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, NY, USA
- Department of Clinical Health Professions, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
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12
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Brazel D, Nagasaka M. The development of amivantamab for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Res 2023; 24:256. [PMID: 37880647 PMCID: PMC10601226 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitizing oncogenic driver mutations benefit from targeted therapies. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are highly effective against classic sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, such as exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R point mutations. Conversely, EGFR exon 20 insertions (exon20ins) are resistant to the traditional EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In May 2021, the US Federal Drug Administration (FDA) provided accelerated approval to amivantamab (Rybrevant) in adults with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon20ins after treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy. Amivantamab was the first EGFR/MET bispecific antibody to be approved specifically for EGFR exon20ins where there was an unmet need. Furthermore, amivantamab is being evaluated in additional settings such as post osimertinib in sensitizing EGFR mutations as well as in MET altered NSCLC. Here we discuss amivantamab in regard to its mechanism of action, preclinical and clinical data, and clinical impact for patients with EGFR exon20ins NSCLC and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- University of California Irvine Department of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA.
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, USA.
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
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13
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Meyer C, McCoy M, Li L, Posner B, Westover KD. LIMS-Kinase provides sensitive and generalizable label-free in vitro measurement of kinase activity using mass spectrometry. CELL REPORTS. PHYSICAL SCIENCE 2023; 4:101599. [PMID: 38213501 PMCID: PMC10783653 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2023.101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Measurements of kinase activity are important for kinase-directed drug development, analysis of inhibitor structure and function, and understanding mechanisms of drug resistance. Sensitive, accurate, and miniaturized assay methods are crucial for these investigations. Here, we describe a label-free, high-throughput mass spectrometry-based assay for studying individual kinase enzymology and drug discovery in a purified system, with a focus on validated drug targets as benchmarks. We demonstrate that this approach can be adapted to many known kinase substrates and highlight the benefits of using mass spectrometry to measure kinase activity in vitro, including increased sensitivity. We speculate that this approach to measuring kinase activity will be generally applicable across most of the kinome, enabling research on understudied kinases and kinase drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Melissa McCoy
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lianbo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bruce Posner
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kenneth D. Westover
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- X (formerly Twitter): @KENWESTOVER
- Lead contact
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14
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Zhang X, Wang L, Huang R, Wang J, Yan Q. Perfluoro-tert-butyl Group-Derived Capmatinib: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Its Application in 19 F Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300354. [PMID: 37345408 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Capmatinib is an FDA-approved drug to treat metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with MET-exon 14 skipping. Herein, the perfluoro-tert-butyl group, which possesses nine chemically identical fluorine atoms, was introduced on Capmatinib to afford a targeted 19 F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe, perfluoro-tert-butyl group-derived Capmatinib (9F-CAP). The 19 F MRI concentration limit was found to be 25 mM in FLASH sequence. Molecular docking simulation, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) (with a Kd of 40.7 μM), half-inhibitory concentration (with a IC50 of 168 nM), Annexin V, and cytotoxicity assays jointly demonstrated that the 9F-CAP targeted cMET protein specifically. Therefore, the targeted imaging capability of 9F-CAP is of great significance for the preoperative diagnosis of specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel, Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Luting Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Rd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ruimin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Rd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd., Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qifan Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel, Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai, 200237, China
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15
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Yan Y, Ren Y, Bao Y, Wang Y. RNA splicing alterations in lung cancer pathogenesis and therapy. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2023; 1:272-283. [PMID: 38327600 PMCID: PMC10846331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
RNA splicing alterations are widespread and play critical roles in cancer pathogenesis and therapy. Lung cancer is highly heterogeneous and causes the most cancer-related deaths worldwide. Large-scale multi-omics studies have not only characterized the mutational landscapes but also discovered a plethora of transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes in lung cancer. Such resources have greatly facilitated the development of new diagnostic markers and therapeutic options over the past two decades. Intriguingly, altered RNA splicing has emerged as an important molecular feature and therapeutic target of lung cancer. In this review, we provide a brief overview of splicing dysregulation in lung cancer and summarize the recent progress on key splicing events and splicing factors that contribute to lung cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, we describe the general strategies targeting splicing alterations in lung cancer and highlight the potential of combining splicing modulation with currently approved therapies to combat this deadly disease. This review provides new mechanistic and therapeutic insights into splicing dysregulation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueren Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunpeng Ren
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufang Bao
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongbo Wang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Spitaleri G, Trillo Aliaga P, Attili I, Del Signore E, Corvaja C, Corti C, Uliano J, Passaro A, de Marinis F. MET in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Cross 'a Long and Winding Road' Looking for a Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4779. [PMID: 37835473 PMCID: PMC10571577 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) can harbour different MET alterations, such as MET overexpression (MET OE), MET gene amplification (MET AMP), or MET gene mutations. Retrospective studies of surgical series of patients with MET-dysregulated NSCLC have shown worse clinical outcomes irrespective of the type of specific MET gene alteration. On the other hand, earlier attempts failed to identify the 'druggable' molecular gene driver until the discovery of MET exon 14 skipping mutations (METex14). METex14 are rare and amount to around 3% of all NSCLCs. Patients with METex14 NSCLC attain modest results when they are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). New selective MET inhibitors (MET-Is) showed a long-lasting clinical benefit in patients with METex14 NSCLC and modest activity in patients with MET AMP NSCLC. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating new small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bispecific antibodies, or antibodies drug conjugate (ADCs). This review focuses on the prognostic role of MET, the summary of pivotal clinical trials of selective MET-Is with a focus on resistance mechanisms. The last section is addressed to future developments and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Spitaleri
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Pamela Trillo Aliaga
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Ester Del Signore
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Carla Corvaja
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (J.U.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Uliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (J.U.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
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17
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Hsu R, Benjamin DJ, Nagasaka M. The Development and Role of Capmatinib in the Treatment of MET-Dysregulated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3561. [PMID: 37509224 PMCID: PMC10377299 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of death, but over the past decade, there has been tremendous progress in the field with new targeted therapies. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) proto-oncogene has been implicated in multiple solid tumors, including NSCLC, and dysregulation in NSCLC from MET can present most notably as MET exon 14 skipping mutation and amplification. From this, MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been developed to treat this dysregulation despite challenges with efficacy and reliable biomarkers. Capmatinib is a Type Ib MET TKI first discovered in 2011 and was FDA approved in August 2022 for advanced NSCLC with MET exon 14 skipping mutation. In this narrative review, we discuss preclinical and early-phase studies that led to the GEOMETRY mono-1 study, which showed beneficial efficacy in MET exon 14 skipping mutations, leading to FDA approval of capmatinib along with Foundation One CDx assay as its companion diagnostic assay. Current and future directions of capmatinib are focused on improving the efficacy, overcoming the resistance of capmatinib, and finding approaches for new indications of capmatinib such as acquired MET amplification from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TKI resistance. Clinical trials now involve combination therapy with capmatinib, including amivantamab, trametinib, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, new drug agents, particularly antibody-drug conjugates, are being developed to help treat patients with acquired resistance from capmatinib and other TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hsu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | | | - Misako Nagasaka
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868, USA
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18
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Spagnolo CC, Ciappina G, Giovannetti E, Squeri A, Granata B, Lazzari C, Pretelli G, Pasello G, Santarpia M. Targeting MET in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A New Old Story? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10119. [PMID: 37373267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, we have seen the development and approval for clinical use of an increasing number of therapeutic agents against actionable oncogenic drivers in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Among them, selective inhibitors, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies targeting the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) receptor, have been studied in patients with advanced NSCLC with MET deregulation, primarily due to exon 14 skipping mutations or MET amplification. Some MET TKIs, including capmatinib and tepotinib, have proven to be highly effective in this molecularly defined subgroup of patients and are already approved for clinical use. Other similar agents are being tested in early-stage clinical trials with promising antitumor activity. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of MET signaling pathways, MET oncogenic alterations primarily focusing on exon 14 skipping mutations, and the laboratory techniques used to detect MET alterations. Furthermore, we will summarize the currently available clinical data and ongoing studies on MET inhibitors, as well as the mechanisms of resistance to MET TKIs and new potential strategies, including combinatorial approaches, to improve the clinical outcomes of MET exon 14-altered NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogera Claudia Spagnolo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ciappina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrje Universiteit, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, 56017 San Giuliano, Italy
| | - Andrea Squeri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Barbara Granata
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Lazzari
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO)-IRCCS, 10060 Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Pretelli
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Oncologia Medica 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Mariacarmela Santarpia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
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19
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Wang C, Lu X. Targeting MET: Discovery of Small Molecule Inhibitors as Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
MET has been considered as a promising drug target for the treatment of MET-dependent diseases, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small molecule MET inhibitors with mainly three types of binding modes (Ia/Ib, II, and III) have been developed. In this Review, we provide an overview of the structural features, activation mechanism, and dysregulation pathway of MET and summarize progress on the development and discovery strategies utilized for MET inhibitors as well as mechanisms of acquired resistance to current approved inhibitors. The insights will accelerate discovery of new generation MET inhibitors to overcome clinical acquired resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, #855 Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, #855 Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Cui X, Chen X, Pognan N, Sengupta T, Rahmanzadeh G, Kornberger R, Giovannini M. Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction of Capmatinib With Itraconazole and Rifampicin and Potential Impact on Renal Transporters in Healthy Subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63:228-238. [PMID: 36087217 PMCID: PMC10092221 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Capmatinib is a highly specific, potent, and selective mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor inhibitor predominantly eliminated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and aldehyde oxidase. Here, we investigated the effects of a strong CYP3A inhibitor (itraconazole) and a strong CYP3A inducer (rifampicin) on single-dose pharmacokinetics of capmatinib. In addition, serum creatinine and cystatin C were monitored to assess the potential inhibition of renal transporters by capmatinib. This was an open-label, 2-cohort (inhibition and induction), 2-period (capmatinib alone and inhibition/induction periods) study in healthy subjects. In the inhibition cohort, capmatinib (400 mg/day) was given alone, then with itraconazole (200 mg/day for 10 days, 5-day lead-in before coadministration). In the induction cohort, capmatinib (400 mg/day) was given alone, then with rifampicin (600 mg/day for 9 days, 5-day lead-in before coadministration). Fifty-three subjects (inhibition cohort, n = 27; induction cohort, n = 26) were enrolled. Coadministration of itraconazole resulted in an increase of capmatinib area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity by 42% (geometric mean ratio [GMR], 1.42; 90%CI, 1.33-1.52) with no change in maximum plasma concentration (GMR, 1.03; 90%CI, 0.866-1.22). Coadministration of rifampicin resulted in a reduction of capmatinib area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity by 66.5% (GMR, 0.335; 90%CI, 0.300-0.374) and a decrease in maximum plasma concentration by 55.9% (GMR, 0.441; 90%CI, 0.387-0.502). After a single dose of capmatinib, a transient increase in serum creatinine was observed with no change in serum cystatin C concentration during the 3-day monitoring period. In conclusion, coadministration of itraconazole or rifampicin resulted in clinically relevant changes in systemic exposure to capmatinib. The transient increase in serum creatinine without any increase in cystatin C suggests inhibition of renal transport by capmatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cui
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Xinhui Chen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Monica Giovannini
- Global Drug Development, Novartis Services Inc., East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
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Zhang H, He F, Gao G, Lu S, Wei Q, Hu H, Wu Z, Fang M, Wang X. Approved Small-Molecule ATP-Competitive Kinases Drugs Containing Indole/Azaindole/Oxindole Scaffolds: R&D and Binding Patterns Profiling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030943. [PMID: 36770611 PMCID: PMC9920796 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinases are among the most important families of biomolecules and play an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and other critical physiological processes. The dysregulation and gene mutation of kinases are linked to the occurrence and development of various human diseases, especially cancer. As a result, a growing number of small-molecule drugs based on kinase targets are being successfully developed and approved for the treatment of many diseases. The indole/azaindole/oxindole moieties are important key pharmacophores of many bioactive compounds and are generally used as excellent scaffolds for drug discovery in medicinal chemistry. To date, 30 ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors bearing the indole/azaindole/oxindole scaffold have been approved for the treatment of diseases. Herein, we summarize their research and development (R&D) process and describe their binding models to the ATP-binding sites of the target kinases. Moreover, we discuss the significant role of the indole/azaindole/oxindole skeletons in the interaction of their parent drug and target kinases, providing new medicinal chemistry inspiration and ideas for the subsequent development and optimization of kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fengming He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guiping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qiaochu Wei
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongyu Hu
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Lanxi 321004, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Meijuan Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiumin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (X.W.)
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22
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Martinelli I, Modica C, Chiriaco C, Basilico C, Hughes JM, Corso S, Giordano S, Comoglio PM, Vigna E. hOA-DN30: a highly effective humanized single-arm MET antibody inducing remission of ‘MET-addicted’ cancers. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:112. [PMID: 35351166 PMCID: PMC8962049 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tyrosine kinase receptor encoded by the MET oncogene is a major player in cancer. When MET is responsible for the onset and progression of the transformed phenotype (MET-addicted cancers), an efficient block of its oncogenic activation results in potent tumor growth inhibition. Methods Here we describe a molecular engineered MET antibody (hOA-DN30) and validate its pharmacological activity in MET-addicted cancer models in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacokinetics and safety profile in non-human primates have also been assessed. Results hOA-DN30 efficiently impaired MET activation and the intracellular signalling cascade by dose and time dependent removal of the receptor from the cell surface (shedding). In vitro, the antibody suppressed cell growth by blocking cell proliferation and by concomitantly inducing cell death in multiple MET-addicted human tumor cell lines. In mice xenografts, hOA-DN30 induced an impressive reduction of tumor masses, with a wide therapeutic window. Moreover, the antibody showed high therapeutic efficacy against patient-derived xenografts generated from MET-addicted gastric tumors, leading to complete tumor regression and long-lasting effects after treatment discontinuation. Finally, hOA-DN30 showed a highly favorable pharmacokinetic profile and substantial tolerability in Cynomolgus monkeys. Conclusions hOA-DN30 unique ability to simultaneously erase cell surface MET and release the ‘decoy’ receptor extracellular region results in a paramount MET blocking action. Its remarkable efficacy in a large number of pre-clinical models, as well as its pharmacological features and safety profile in non-human primates, strongly envisage a successful clinical application of this novel single-arm MET therapeutic antibody for the therapy of MET-addicted cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02320-6.
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Wu Q, Qian W, Sun X, Jiang S. Small-molecule inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and more: FDA-approved novel therapeutic drugs for solid tumors from 1991 to 2021. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:143. [PMID: 36209184 PMCID: PMC9548212 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has always been a forerunner in drug evaluation and supervision. Over the past 31 years, 1050 drugs (excluding vaccines, cell-based therapies, and gene therapy products) have been approved as new molecular entities (NMEs) or biologics license applications (BLAs). A total of 228 of these 1050 drugs were identified as cancer therapeutics or cancer-related drugs, and 120 of them were classified as therapeutic drugs for solid tumors according to their initial indications. These drugs have evolved from small molecules with broad-spectrum antitumor properties in the early stage to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs) with a more precise targeting effect during the most recent decade. These drugs have extended indications for other malignancies, constituting a cancer treatment system for monotherapy or combined therapy. However, the available targets are still mainly limited to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), restricting the development of antitumor drugs. In this review, these 120 drugs are summarized and classified according to the initial indications, characteristics, or functions. Additionally, RTK-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint-based immunotherapies are also discussed. Our analysis of existing challenges and potential opportunities in drug development may advance solid tumor treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
| | - Shaojie Jiang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
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Ali HM, Essawy AA, Hotan Alsohaimi I, Nayl A, Ibrahim H, Essawy AENI, Elmowafy M, Gamal M. Tailoring the photoluminescence of capmatinib towards a novel ultrasensitive spectrofluorimetric and HPLC-DAD monitoring in human serum; investigation of the greenness characteristics. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in malignant tumors: molecular mechanisms and future perspective. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:329. [PMID: 36115852 PMCID: PMC9482625 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractProtein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are a class of proteins with tyrosine kinase activity that phosphorylate tyrosine residues of critical molecules in signaling pathways. Their basal function is essential for maintaining normal cell growth and differentiation. However, aberrant activation of PTKs caused by various factors can deviate cell function from the expected trajectory to an abnormal growth state, leading to carcinogenesis. Inhibiting the aberrant PTK function could inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), target-specific inhibitors of PTKs, have been used in treating malignant tumors and play a significant role in targeted therapy of cancer. Currently, drug resistance is the main reason for limiting TKIs efficacy of cancer. The increasing studies indicated that tumor microenvironment, cell death resistance, tumor metabolism, epigenetic modification and abnormal metabolism of TKIs were deeply involved in tumor development and TKI resistance, besides the abnormal activation of PTK-related signaling pathways involved in gene mutations. Accordingly, it is of great significance to study the underlying mechanisms of TKIs resistance and find solutions to reverse TKIs resistance for improving TKIs efficacy of cancer. Herein, we reviewed the drug resistance mechanisms of TKIs and the potential approaches to overcome TKI resistance, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficacy of TKIs.
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Kooijman JJ, van Riel WE, Dylus J, Prinsen MBW, Grobben Y, de Bitter TJJ, van Doornmalen AM, Melis JJTM, Uitdehaag JCM, Narumi Y, Kawase Y, de Roos JADM, Willemsen-Seegers N, Zaman GJR. Comparative kinase and cancer cell panel profiling of kinase inhibitors approved for clinical use from 2018 to 2020. Front Oncol 2022; 12:953013. [PMID: 36185300 PMCID: PMC9516332 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.953013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last two decades, kinase inhibitors have become the major drug class for targeted cancer therapy. Although the number of approved kinase inhibitors increases rapidly, comprehensive in vitro profiling and comparison of inhibitor activities is often lacking in the public domain. Here we report the extensive profiling and comparison of 21 kinase inhibitors approved by the FDA for oncology indications since June 2018 and 13 previously approved comparators on panels of 255 biochemical kinase assays and 134 cancer cell line viability assays. Comparison of the cellular inhibition profiles of the EGFR inhibitors gefitinib, dacomitinib, and osimertinib identified the uncommon EGFR p.G719S mutation as a common response marker for EGFR inhibitors. Additionally, the FGFR inhibitors erdafitinib, infigratinib, and pemigatinib potently inhibited the viability of cell lines which harbored oncogenic alterations in FGFR1-3, irrespective of the specific clinical indications of the FGFR inhibitors. These results underscore the utility of in vitro kinase inhibitor profiling in cells for identifying new potential stratification markers for patient selection. Furthermore, comparison of the in vitro inhibition profiles of the RET inhibitors pralsetinib and selpercatinib revealed they had very similar biochemical and cellular selectivity. As an exception, an NTRK3 fusion-positive cell line was potently inhibited by pralsetinib but not by selpercatinib, which could be explained by the targeting of TRK kinases in biochemical assays by pralsetinib but not selpercatinib. This illustrates that unexpected differences in cellular activities between inhibitors that act through the same primary target can be explained by subtle differences in biochemical targeting. Lastly, FLT3-mutant cell lines were responsive to both FLT3 inhibitors gilteritinib and midostaurin, and the PI3K inhibitor duvelisib. Biochemical profiling revealed that the FLT3 and PI3K inhibitors targeted distinct kinases, indicating that unique dependencies can be identified by combined biochemical and cellular profiling of kinase inhibitors. This study provides the first large scale kinase assay or cell panel profiling study for newly approved kinase inhibitors, and shows that comprehensive in vitro profiling of kinase inhibitors can provide rationales for therapy selection and indication expansion of approved kinase inhibitors.
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Kim TW, Lee KM, Lee SH. Capmatinib in MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma with Extensive Central Nervous System Metastasis. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:941-946. [PMID: 36072511 PMCID: PMC9441579 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s382722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Correspondence: Seung Hyeun Lee, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyungheedae-ro 23, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea, Tel +82 2 958 8511, Fax +82 2 968 1848, Email
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Illini O, Fabikan H, Swalduz A, Vikström A, Krenbek D, Schumacher M, Dudnik E, Studnicka M, Öhman R, Wurm R, Wannesson L, Peled N, Kian W, Bar J, Daher S, Addeo A, Rotem O, Pall G, Zer A, Saad A, Cufer T, Sorotsky HG, Hashemi SMS, Mohorcic K, Stoff R, Rovitsky Y, Keren-Rosenberg S, Winder T, Weinlinger C, Valipour A, Hochmair MJ. Real-world experience with capmatinib in MET exon 14-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (RECAP): a retrospective analysis from an early access program. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221103206. [PMID: 35720834 PMCID: PMC9201318 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presenting with mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping mutation have an unfavorable prognosis with standard treatments. Capmatinib is a selective MET inhibitor, which showed promising efficacy in this patient population in early trials. Methods We performed a retrospective, international, multicenter efficacy and safety analysis in patients with NSCLC treated with capmatinib in an early access program between March 2019 and December 2021. Results Data from 81 patients with advanced MET exon 14 mutated NSCLC treated with capmatinib in first- or later-line therapy were analyzed. Median age was 77 years (range, 48-91), 56% were women, 86% had stage IV disease, and 27% had brain metastases. For all patients, the objective response rate (ORR) to capmatinib was 58% (95% CI, 47-69), whereas it was 68% (95% CI, 50-82) in treatment-naïve and 50% (95% CI, 35-65) in pretreated patients. The median progression-free survival was 9.5 months (95% CI, 4.7-14.3), whereas it was 10.6 months (95% CI, 5.5-15.7) in first-line and 9.1 months (95% CI, 3.1-15.1) in pretreated patients. After a median follow-up of 11.0 months, the median overall survival was 18.2 months (95% CI, 13.2-23.1). In patients with measurable brain metastases (n = 11), the intracranial ORR was 46% (95% CI, 17-77). Capmatinib showed a manageable safety profile. Grade ⩾ 3 treatment-related adverse events included peripheral edema (13%), elevated creatinine (4%), and elevated liver enzymes (3%). Conclusion In patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation, capmatinib showed durable systemic and intracranial efficacy and a manageable safety profile. This analysis confirms previously reported phase II data in a real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Illini
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna Healthcare Group, Brünner Strasse 68, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Hannah Fabikan
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aurélie Swalduz
- Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ University, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Anders Vikström
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dagmar Krenbek
- Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Elizabeth Dudnik
- Head of the Lung Cancer Service, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Studnicka
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ronny Öhman
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital of Skane/Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Robert Wurm
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, LKH Universitätsklinik/Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Luciano Wannesson
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Nir Peled
- The Oncology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Waleed Kian
- The Oncology Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jair Bar
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, IsraelSchool of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sameh Daher
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Centre Haim Sheba MC Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Alfredo Addeo
- Oncology Department, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ofer Rotem
- Davidoff Center - Institute of Oncology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Georg Pall
- Department of Internal Medicine V - Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alona Zer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rambam Health Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Akram Saad
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, IsraelSackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tanja Cufer
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, SloveniaMedical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hadas Gantz Sorotsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Centre Haim Sheba MC Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sayed M S Hashemi
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Mohorcic
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Ronen Stoff
- Ella Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Cancer Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yulia Rovitsky
- Lin Medical Centre affiliated to Carmel Hospital, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Thomas Winder
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Christoph Weinlinger
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arschang Valipour
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian J Hochmair
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria
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Brazel D, Zhang S, Nagasaka M. Spotlight on Tepotinib and Capmatinib for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation. LUNG CANCER (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2022; 13:33-45. [PMID: 35592355 PMCID: PMC9113513 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s360574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed, amplified, or mutated in 1–20% of NSCLC. MET dysregulation is associated with a poor prognosis. Recently, development of targeted therapies against MET exon 14 mutations has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in early trials. Here we focus on tepotinib and capmatinib in regards to molecular characteristics, early preclinical and clinical data, and the emerging role in future studies and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Brazel
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Shannon Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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30
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Yang F, Deng K, Zheng H, Liu Z, Zheng Y. Progress of targeted and immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and the application of next-generation sequencing. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100677. [PMID: 35093601 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading cancer worldwide, has a high degree of genetic heterogeneity; next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has contributed significantly to the discovery of driving genes as well as high-frequency mutations in HCC. The detection of gene alterations may allow us to predict prognosis and adverse drug reactions for individuals, paving the way for personalized medicine in HCC patients. In this review, we summarized the common systemic therapy regimens for HCC and the predictive efficacy of genetic biomarkers on the prognosis of patients under these treatments. Finally, we put forward a future perspective on the potential of NGS technology for the guidance of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of liver surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kaige Deng
- Department of liver surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Haoran Zheng
- Department of liver surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhenting Liu
- Department of liver surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yongchang Zheng
- Department of liver surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China.
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31
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Hamilton G, Rath B. Met inhibitors in the treatment of lung cancer: the evidence to date. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:815-825. [PMID: 35377279 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2062227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor MET is an oncogenic driver in a subpopulation of Non-small Lung Cancer Cells (NSCLC) at the primary tumor stage or in acquired resistance to treatment with tumor-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). AREAS COVERED This article summarizes the mechanisms leading to overexpression and activation of MET by amplification and mutations including exon 14 aberrations. Furthermore, the methods to detect and categorize MET as a tumor driver and the selective TKIs for patient treatment are discussed. EXPERT OPINION : Activating mutations and rearrangements of kinases in NSCLC are the target of successful therapeutic intervention. However, MET activation involves a number of complex alterations including gene amplification, prevention of degradation by METex14 exon skipping and a host of gene mutations. A high-level of MET expression is the precondition for tumor responses to TKIs and the confirmation of MET-dependent tumor progression is difficult in primary lesions and in tumors exhibiting resistance to mutated EGFR-directed therapy in absence of standardized and concordant assays of MET amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Jha NK, Arfin S, Jha SK, Kar R, Dey A, Gundamaraju R, Ashraf GM, Gupta PK, Dhanasekaran S, Abomughaid MM, Das SS, Singh SK, Dua K, Roychoudhury S, Kumar D, Ruokolainen J, Ojha S, Kesari KK. Re-establishing the comprehension of phytomedicine and nanomedicine in inflammation-mediated cancer signaling. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1086-1104. [PMID: 35218902 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent mounting evidence has revealed extensive genetic heterogeneity within tumors that drive phenotypic variation affecting key cancer pathways, making cancer treatment extremely challenging. Diverse cancer types display resistance to treatment and show patterns of relapse following therapy. Therefore, efforts are required to address tumor heterogeneity by developing a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach that combines targeted therapies. Inflammation has been progressively documented as a vital factor in tumor advancement and has consequences in epigenetic variations that support tumor instigation, encouraging all the tumorigenesis phases. Increased DNA damage, disrupted DNA repair mechanisms, cellular proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and its incursion are a few pro-cancerous outcomes of chronic inflammation. A clear understanding of the cellular and molecular signaling mechanisms of tumor-endorsing inflammation is necessary for further expansion of anti-cancer therapeutics targeting the crosstalk between tumor development and inflammatory processes. Multiple inflammatory signaling pathways, such as the NF-κB signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, Wnt signaling cascade, and TGF-β/Smad signaling, have been found to regulate inflammation, which can be modulated using various factors such as small molecule inhibitors, phytochemicals, recombinant cytokines, and nanoparticles in conjugation to phytochemicals to treat cancer. Researchers have identified multiple targets to specifically alter inflammation in cancer therapy to restrict malignant progression and improve the efficacy of cancer therapy. siRNA-and shRNA-loaded nanoparticles have been observed to downregulate STAT3 signaling pathways and have been employed in studies to target tumor malignancies. This review highlights the pathways involved in the interaction between tumor advancement and inflammatory progression, along with the novel approaches of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems currently used to target inflammatory signaling pathways to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India.
| | - Saniya Arfin
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Rohan Kar
- Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIMA), Gujarat 380015, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Plot 32-34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Sugapriya Dhanasekaran
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, 835215 Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | | | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland.
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Saitou A, Hasegawa Y, Fujitani N, Ariki S, Uehara Y, Hashimoto U, Saito A, Kuronuma K, Matsumoto K, Chiba H, Takahashi M. N
‐glycosylation regulates MET processing and signaling. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1292-1304. [PMID: 35092134 PMCID: PMC8990287 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MET, the receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), is strongly associated with resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, key drugs that are used in the therapy of non–small cell lung cancer. MET contains 11 potential N‐glycosylation sites, but the site‐specific roles of these N‐glycans have not been elucidated. We report herein that these N‐glycans regulate the proteolytic processing of MET and HGF‐induced MET signaling, and that this regulation is site specific. Inhibitors of N‐glycosylation were found to suppress the processing and trafficking of endogenous MET in H1975 and EBC‐1 lung cancer cells and exogenous MET in CHO‐K1 cells. We purified the recombinant extracellular domain of human MET and determined the site‐specific N‐glycan structures and occupancy using mass spectrometry. The results indicated that most sites were fully glycosylated and that the dominant population was the complex type. To examine the effects of the deletion of N‐glycans of MET, we prepared endogenous MET knockout Flp‐In CHO cells and transfected them with a series of N‐glycan–deletion mutants of MET. The results showed that several N‐glycans are implicated in the processing of MET. The findings also suggested that the N‐glycans of the SEMA domain of MET positively regulate HGF signaling, and the N‐glycans of the region other than the SEMA domain negatively regulate HGF signaling. Processing, cell surface expression, and signaling were significantly suppressed in the case of the all‐N‐glycan–deletion mutant. The overall findings suggest that N‐glycans of MET affect the status and the function of the receptor in a site‐specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Saitou
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hasegawa
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Naoki Fujitani
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Shigeru Ariki
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
- Department of Chemistry Center for Medical Education Sapporo Medical University Japan
| | - Yasuaki Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Ukichiro Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Koji Kuronuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation Cancer Research Institute and WPI‐Nano Life Science Institute (WPI‐NanoLSI) Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan
| | - Hirofumi Chiba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
| | - Motoko Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan
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Raj S, Kesari KK, Kumar A, Rathi B, Sharma A, Gupta PK, Jha SK, Jha NK, Slama P, Roychoudhury S, Kumar D. Molecular mechanism(s) of regulation(s) of c-MET/HGF signaling in head and neck cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:31. [PMID: 35081970 PMCID: PMC8790852 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractHead and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer across the globe. This is generally associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Cancer in the pharynx majorly arises through human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, thus classifying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) into HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCCs. Aberrant, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) signal transduction favors HNSCC progression by stimulating proliferation, motility, invasiveness, morphogenesis, and angiogenesis. c-MET upregulation can be found in the majority of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. c-MET pathway acts on several downstream effectors including phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ), cellular Src kinase (c-Src), phosphotidylinsitol-3-OH kinase (PI3K), alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt) pathways. c-MET also establishes a crosstalk pathway with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and contributes towards chemoresistance in HNSCC. In recent years, the signaling communications of c-MET/HGF in metabolic dysregulation, tumor-microenvironment and immune modulation in HNSCC have emerged. Several clinical trials have been established against c-MET/ hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling network to bring up targeted and effective therapeutic strategies against HNSCC. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism(s) and current understanding of c-MET/HGF signaling and its effect on HNSCC.
Graphical abstract
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35
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MacNeil IA, Khan SA, Sen A, Soltani SM, Burns DJ, Sullivan BF, Laing LG. Functional signaling test identifies HER2 negative breast cancer patients who may benefit from c-Met and pan-HER combination therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:4. [PMID: 34998412 PMCID: PMC8742957 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00798-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research is revealing the complex coordination between cell signaling systems as they adapt to genetic and epigenetic changes. Tools to uncover these highly complex functional linkages will play an important role in advancing more efficacious disease treatments. Current tumor cell signal transduction research is identifying coordination between receptor types, receptor families, and transduction pathways to maintain tumor cell viability despite challenging tumor microenvironment conditions. Methods In this report, coactivated abnormal levels of signaling activity for c-Met and HER family receptors in live tumor cells were measured by a new clinical test to identify a subpopulation of breast cancer patients that could be responsive to combined targeted therapies. The CELsignia Multi-Pathway Signaling Function (CELsignia) Test uses an impedance biosensor to quantify an individual patient’s ex vivo live tumor cell signaling response in real-time to specific HER family and c-Met co-stimulation and targeted therapies. Results The test identified breast tumors with hyperactive HER1, HER2, HER3/4, and c-Met coordinated signaling that express otherwise normal amounts of these receptors. The supporting data of the pre-clinical verification of this test included analyses of 79 breast cancer patients’ cell response to HER and c-Met agonists. The signaling results were confirmed using clinically approved matching targeted drugs, and combinations of targeted drugs in addition to correlative mouse xenograft tumor response to HER and c-Met targeted therapies. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated the potential benefit of a functional test for identifying a subpopulation of breast cancer patients with coordinated abnormal HER and c-Met signaling for a clinical trial testing combination targeted therapy. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-021-00798-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A MacNeil
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Salmaan A Khan
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Adrish Sen
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Sajjad M Soltani
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - David J Burns
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Brian F Sullivan
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA
| | - Lance G Laing
- Celcuity, Inc., 16305 36th Ave N, Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN, 55446, USA.
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Fogli S, Tabbò F, Capuano A, Re MD, Passiglia F, Cucchiara F, Scavone C, Gori V, Novello S, Schmidinger M, Danesi R. The expanding family of c-Met inhibitors in solid tumors: a comparative analysis of their pharmacologic and clinical differences. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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37
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Huang WC, Yen JH, Sung YW, Tung SL, Chen PM, Chu PY, Shih YC, Chi HC, Huang YC, Huang SJ, Wang LH. Novel function of THEMIS2 in the enhancement of cancer stemness and chemoresistance by releasing PTP1B from MET. Oncogene 2022; 41:997-1010. [PMID: 34974522 PMCID: PMC8837547 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) possesses poor prognosis mainly due to lack of effective endocrine or targeted therapies, aggressive nature and high rate of chemoresistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to play critical roles in cancer recurrence and chemoresistance. THEMIS2 was identified as the sole common elevated gene in three triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and two ovarian CSC lines. We discovered an intrinsic signaling scaffold function of THEMIS2, which acts as a novel regulator of cancer stemness in promoting multiple cancer stemness properties including sphere formation, stemness markers expression, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity with low numbers of cancer cells implantation. For the first time, we demonstrated that THEMIS2 specifically enhanced MET activating phosphorylation by suppressing the association of protein-tyrosine phosphatases 1B (PTP1B) with p-MET and MET, which accounted mainly for THEMIS2-mediated effect on cancer stemness and chemoresistance. Increased THEMIS2 expression was associated with poor survival in TNBC patients and in patients from our breast cancer cohort. We found that non-cytotoxic dosages of cryptotanshinone (CPT) could potently inhibit cancer stemness, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity by suppressing expression of THEMIS2. Notably, stable overexpression of THEMIS2 is associated with enhanced sensitivity toward Capmatinib and CPT treatment. Expression levels of THEMIS2 and p-MET protein were positively correlated in the 465 breast cancer specimens. Our study revealed the novel oncogenic role of THEMIS2 and its underlying mechanism via suppressing PTP1B association with MET and thus leading to its activation. Our findings suggest that THEMIS2 could be a biomarker for MET targeted therapy and also provide a potential clinical application using low dosages of CPT for treatment of THEMIS2 positive TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hau Yen
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Sung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Lin Tung
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ton-Yen General Hospital, Hsinchu County, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Chung-Shang Road, Changhua County, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chi Shih
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Guo MZ, Marrone KA, Spira A, Waterhouse DM, Scott SC. Targeted Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Focus on Capmatinib with Companion Diagnostics. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5321-5331. [PMID: 34853516 PMCID: PMC8627896 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s273357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MET dysregulation promoting tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with worse outcomes following chemotherapy as compared to non-driver mutated NSCLC and occurs either through mutations causing MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) or gene amplification and overexpression that result in enhanced receptor signaling. Capmatinib is the first FDA-approved targeted therapy for NSCLC with METex14 skipping mutations, approved in 2020. FoundationOne® CDx, a comprehensive genomic profiling test for solid tumors, was concurrently approved as a companion diagnostic for capmatinib use. The GEOMETRY mono-1 phase II trial of capmatinib monotherapy demonstrated an overall response rate (ORR) of 68% in treatment naïve (n=28) and 41% in pre-treated (n=69) METex14 skipping advanced NSCLC; in MET amplified advanced NSCLC (gene copy number ≥ 10) ORRs of 40% in treatment naïve and 29% in pre-treated disease was seen. This review outlines the clinical data supporting capmatinib approval in the treatment of NSCLC and FoundationOne® CDx approval as a companion diagnostic. We detail the practical clinical administration of capmatinib, including dosing and toxicity management, compare capmatinib to other approved and investigational MET-targeted therapies, discuss limitations of capmatinib, and highlight ongoing trials of capmatinib in combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Z Guo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristen A Marrone
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Spira
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Virginia Cancer Specialists Research Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA.,US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - David M Waterhouse
- US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX, USA.,Oncology Hematology Care, Cincinnati, OH, Usa
| | - Susan C Scott
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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39
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Sugiyama MG, Cui H, Redka DS, Karimzadeh M, Rujas E, Maan H, Hayat S, Cheung K, Misra R, McPhee JB, Viirre RD, Haller A, Botelho RJ, Karshafian R, Sabatinos SA, Fairn GD, Madani Tonekaboni SA, Windemuth A, Julien JP, Shahani V, MacKinnon SS, Wang B, Antonescu CN. Multiscale interactome analysis coupled with off-target drug predictions reveals drug repurposing candidates for human coronavirus disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23315. [PMID: 34857794 PMCID: PMC8640055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for the identification of new antiviral drug therapies for a variety of diseases. COVID-19 is caused by infection with the human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, while other related human coronaviruses cause diseases ranging from severe respiratory infections to the common cold. We developed a computational approach to identify new antiviral drug targets and repurpose clinically-relevant drug compounds for the treatment of a range of human coronavirus diseases. Our approach is based on graph convolutional networks (GCN) and involves multiscale host-virus interactome analysis coupled to off-target drug predictions. Cell-based experimental assessment reveals several clinically-relevant drug repurposing candidates predicted by the in silico analyses to have antiviral activity against human coronavirus infection. In particular, we identify the MET inhibitor capmatinib as having potent and broad antiviral activity against several coronaviruses in a MET-independent manner, as well as novel roles for host cell proteins such as IRAK1/4 in supporting human coronavirus infection, which can inform further drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haotian Cui
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Edurne Rujas
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Hassaan Maan
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sikander Hayat
- Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Bayer US LLC, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kyle Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rahul Misra
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph B McPhee
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Russell D Viirre
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Haller
- Phoenox Pharma, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roberto J Botelho
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raffi Karshafian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between Ryerson University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah A Sabatinos
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory D Fairn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Bo Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Costin N Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Qin A, Musket A, Musich PR, Schweitzer JB, Xie Q. Receptor tyrosine kinases as druggable targets in glioblastoma: Do signaling pathways matter? Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab133. [PMID: 34806012 PMCID: PMC8598918 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor without effective therapies. Since bevacizumab was FDA approved for targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in adult patients with recurrent GBM, targeted therapy against receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has become a new avenue for GBM therapeutics. In addition to VEGFR, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR/MET), and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) are major RTK targets. However, results from clinical Phase II/III trials indicate that most RTK-targeting therapeutics including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and neutralizing antibodies lack clinical efficacy, either alone or in combination. The major challenge is to uncover the genetic RTK alterations driving GBM initiation and progression, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms toward therapeutic resistance. In this review, we will discuss the genetic alterations in these 5 commonly targeted RTKs, the clinical trial outcomes of the associated RTK-targeting therapeutics, and the potential mechanisms toward the resistance. We anticipate that future design of new clinical trials with combination strategies, based on the genetic alterations within an individual patient’s tumor and mechanisms contributing to therapeutic resistance after treatment, will achieve durable remissions and improve outcomes in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Qin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Musket
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Phillip R Musich
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - John B Schweitzer
- Department of Pathology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
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41
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Challenge and countermeasures for EGFR targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1877:188645. [PMID: 34793897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer causes the highest mortality compared to other cancers in the world according to the latest WHO reports. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) contributes about 85% of total lung cancer cases. An extensive number of risk factors are attributed to the progression of lung cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), one of the most frequently mutant driver genes, is closely involved in the development of lung cancer through regulation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. As a representative of precision medicine, EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeted therapy significantly relieves the development of activating mutant EGFR-driven NSCLC. However, treatment with TKIs facilitates the emergence of acquired resistance that continues to pose a significant hurdle with respect to EGFR targeted therapy. In this review, the development of current approved EGFR-TKIs as well as the related supporting clinical trials are summarized and discussed. Mechanisms of action and resistance were addressed respectively, which serve as important guides to understanding acquired resistance. We also explored the corresponding combination treatment options according to different resistance mechanisms. Future challenges include more comprehensive characterization of unclear resistance mechanisms in different populations and the development of more efficient and precision synthetic therapeutic strategies.
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Hida T. A profile on capmatinib in treating adult patients with metastatic NSCLC tumors with MET exon 14 skipping mutations. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2021.1999585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toyoaki Hida
- Lung Cancer Center, Central Japan International Medical Center, Minokamo, Japan
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Tosca EM, Gauderat G, Fouliard S, Burbridge M, Chenel M, Magni P. Modeling restoration of gefitinib efficacy by co-administration of MET inhibitors in an EGFR inhibitor-resistant NSCLC xenograft model: A tumor-in-host DEB-based approach. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 10:1396-1411. [PMID: 34708556 PMCID: PMC8592518 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MET receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can restore sensitivity to gefitinib, a TKI targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and promote apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) models resistant to gefitinib treatment in vitro and in vivo. Several novel MET inhibitors are currently under study in different phases of development. In this work, a novel tumor-in-host modeling approach, based on the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory, was proposed and successfully applied to the context of poly-targeted combination therapies. The population DEB-based tumor growth inhibition (TGI) model well-described the effect of gefitinib and of two MET inhibitors, capmatinib and S49076, on both tumor growth and host body weight when administered alone or in combination in an NSCLC mice model involving the gefitinib-resistant tumor line HCC827ER1. The introduction of a synergistic effect in the combination DEB-TGI model allowed to capture gefitinib anticancer activity enhanced by the co-administered MET inhibitor, providing also a quantitative evaluation of the synergistic drug interaction. The model-based comparison of the two MET inhibitors highlighted that S49076 exhibited a greater anticancer effect as well as a greater ability in restoring sensitivity to gefitinib than the competitor capmatinib. In summary, the DEB-based tumor-in-host framework proposed here can be applied to routine combination xenograft experiments, providing an assessment of drug interactions and contributing to rank investigated compounds and to select the optimal combinations, based on both tumor and host body weight dynamics. Thus, the combination tumor-in-host DEB-TGI model can be considered a useful tool in the preclinical development and a significant advance toward better characterization of combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena M. Tosca
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling and Synthetic BiologyDepartment of ElectricalComputer and Biomedical EngineeringUniversità degli Studi di PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Glenn Gauderat
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacometrics DivisionServierSuresnesFrance
| | - Sylvain Fouliard
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacometrics DivisionServierSuresnesFrance
| | - Mike Burbridge
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation in OncologyServierSuresnesFrance
- Present address:
Engitix therapeuticsLondonUK
| | - Marylore Chenel
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacometrics DivisionServierSuresnesFrance
- Present address:
Pharmetheus ABUppsalaSweden
| | - Paolo Magni
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Mathematical Modelling and Synthetic BiologyDepartment of ElectricalComputer and Biomedical EngineeringUniversità degli Studi di PaviaPaviaItaly
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Ayala-Aguilera CC, Valero T, Lorente-Macías Á, Baillache DJ, Croke S, Unciti-Broceta A. Small Molecule Kinase Inhibitor Drugs (1995-2021): Medical Indication, Pharmacology, and Synthesis. J Med Chem 2021; 65:1047-1131. [PMID: 34624192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The central role of dysregulated kinase activity in the etiology of progressive disorders, including cancer, has fostered incremental efforts on drug discovery programs over the past 40 years. As a result, kinase inhibitors are today one of the most important classes of drugs. The FDA approved 73 small molecule kinase inhibitor drugs until September 2021, and additional inhibitors were approved by other regulatory agencies during that time. To complement the published literature on clinical kinase inhibitors, we have prepared a review that recaps this large data set into an accessible format for the medicinal chemistry community. Along with the therapeutic and pharmacological properties of each kinase inhibitor approved across the world until 2020, we provide the synthesis routes originally used during the discovery phase, many of which were only available in patent applications. In the last section, we also provide an update on kinase inhibitor drugs approved in 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia C Ayala-Aguilera
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Valero
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Álvaro Lorente-Macías
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J Baillache
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Croke
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
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Naung NY, Duncan WJ, De Silva RK, Coates DE. HGF/MET in osteogenic differentiation of primary human palatal periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Oral Sci 2021; 63:341-346. [PMID: 34526445 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) in palatal periosteum (PP) and to examine the effect of HGF/MET on osteogenic differentiation of human palatal periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs). METHODS HGF/MET proteins in human palatal periosteum (n = 3) were localized using immunohistochemistry. PD-MSCs (n = 3) were cultured in serum-free Essential 8 (E8) medium or osteogenic medium with and without Capmatinib, a selective ATP-inhibitor of MET. HGF concentration in vitro was measured with ELISA. Relative gene expression was quantified from PD-MSCs by quantitative reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry detected co-localization of HGF and MET protein in PP. HGF protein levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in osteogenic media (day 21: 12.19 ± 8.36 ng/mL) than in E8 medium (day 21: 0.42 ± 0.72 ng/mL). MET inhibitor had a limited feedback effect on the expression profile of the osteogenic genes tested. Gene expression levels for all but three genes were comparable in serum-free and osteogenic media at all time points. CONCLUSION HGF/MET present in human PP and HGF is upregulated in vitro during osteogenesis; however the targeted pathways controlled by MET may not involve osteoblast maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Ye Naung
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago.,Pun Hlaing Hospitals
| | - Warwick J Duncan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - Rohana K De Silva
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - Dawn E Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
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46
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Cristina Mendonça Nogueira T, Vinicius Nora de Souza M. New FDA oncology small molecule drugs approvals in 2020: Mechanism of action and clinical applications. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116340. [PMID: 34416511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In 2020, fifty-three new drugs, including forty small-molecules (thirty-six new chemical entities and four new diagnostic agents) and thirteen biologic drugs were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This year, small-molecules continue to play a role in innovative treatments representing around 75% of all drugs accepted by FDA. The dominant therapeutic area was oncology, accounting for twenty-three new approvals, including thirteen new chemical entities, four new diagnostic agents, and thirteen biologic drugs. Recognizing the importance of small-molecules on cancer treatment, this review aims to provide an overview regarding the clinical applications and mechanism of action of the thirteen new small-molecules (excluding new diagnostic agents) approved by FDA in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cristina Mendonça Nogueira
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041- 250 Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Nora de Souza
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041- 250 Brazil.
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Wang H, Chen X, Calvisi DF. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): the most promising therapeutic targets in the preclinical arena based on tumor biology characteristics. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:645-658. [PMID: 34477018 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1976142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant liver tumor characterized by high molecular heterogeneity, which has hampered the development of effective targeted therapies severely. Recent experimental data have unraveled novel promising targets for HCC treatment. AREAS COVERED : Eligible articles were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science databases up to July 2021. This review summarizes the established targeted therapies for advanced HCC, focusing on the strategies to overcome drug resistance and the search for combinational treatments. In addition, conventional biomarkers holding the promises for HCC treatments and novel therapeutic targets from the research field are discussed. EXPERT OPINION : HCC is a molecularly complex disease, with several and distinct pathways playing critical roles in different tumor subtypes. Experimental models recapitulating the features of each tumor subset would be highly beneficial to design novel and more effective therapies against this disease. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of combinatorial drug synergism and the role of the tumor microenvironment in HCC will lead to improved therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichuan Wang
- Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Liver Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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48
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Li E, Huang X, Zhang G, Liang T. Combinational blockade of MET and PD-L1 improves pancreatic cancer immunotherapeutic efficacy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:279. [PMID: 34479614 PMCID: PMC8414725 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated expression and activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are associated with a range of human cancers. However, current RTK-targeting strategies exert little effect on pancreatic cancer, a highly malignant tumor with complex immune microenvironment. Given that immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer still remains challenging, this study aimed to elucidate the prognostic role of RTKs in pancreatic tumors with different immunological backgrounds and investigate their targeting potential in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. METHODS Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to analyze the prognostic significance of each of the all-known RTKs to date in immune "hot" and "cold" pancreatic cancers. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis-2 was applied to assess the differential expression of RTKs between pancreatic tumors and normal pancreatic tissues, as well as its correlation with immune checkpoints (ICPs). One hundred and fifty in-house clinical tissue specimens of pancreatic cancer were collected for expression and correlation validation via immunohistochemical analysis. Two pancreatic cancer cell lines were used to demonstrate the regulatory effects of RTKs on ICPs by biochemistry and flow cytometry. Two in vivo models bearing pancreatic tumors were jointly applied to investigate the combinational regimen of RTK inhibition and immune checkpoint blockade for pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. RESULTS MET was identified as a pancreatic cancer-specific RTK, which is significantly associated with prognosis in both immune "hot" and "cold" pancreatic cancers. MET was observed to be highly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues, and positively correlated with PD-L1 levels. Elevated MET and PD-L1 expressions were closely associated with lymph node metastasis, tumor TNM stage, and overall survival in pancreatic cancer. Mechanistically, MET could interact with PD-L1, and maintain its expression level in multiple ways. MET deficiency was found to facilitate lymphocyte infiltration into pancreatic tumors. Finally, significant benefits of combining MET inhibition with PD-1/PD-L1 blockage were verified in both orthotopic and subcutaneous mouse models of pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study systematically investigated the potential effectiveness of a novel pancreatic cancer immunotherapy targeting RTKs, and revealed the function of MET in PD-L1 regulation as well as the combined therapeutic efficacy of MET and PD-L1 in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enliang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, 310058, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, 310058, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, 310058, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, 310058, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Mori S, Akita H, Kobayashi S, Iwagami Y, Yamada D, Tomimaru Y, Noda T, Gotoh K, Takeda Y, Tanemura M, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Inhibition of c-MET reverses radiation-induced malignant potential in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 512:51-59. [PMID: 33965452 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
As a treatment option for PDAC, radiation therapy induces good local control. However, radiation also reportedly enhances the malignant potential (e.g., invasion and migration ability) in various cancers, thus increasing the risk of distant metastasis. It remains unclear how radiation induces malignant potential, and how such enhanced malignant potential can be suppressed. In the current study, we evaluated the sequential change of c-Met expression in pancreatic cancer cells following irradiation. We found that irradiation transiently induced c-Met expression in vitro. In an in vivo subcutaneous tumor mouse model, irradiation also enhanced downstream phosphorylated Met (p-Met). Furthermore, this enhancement of p-Met protein expression was suppressed by oral administration of the c-Met inhibitor INC280. Irradiated pancreatic cancer cells with enhanced c-Met expression exhibited higher malignant potential, including invasion and migration ability, compared with cells showing low c-Met expression. Pancreatic cancer cells that overexpressed c-met also showed enhanced malignant potential, which was reversed by c-Met inhibition. Additionally, c-Met inhibitor suppressed the metastatic potential in a liver metastasis mouse model using c-met-overexpressing cells. Overall, our present results revealed that irradiation could induce c-met expression in pancreatic cancer cells, leading to enhanced malignant potential (e.g., invasion and migration ability) and thus promoting distant metastasis. Moreover, a c-Met inhibitor could reverse this enhanced malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Mori
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Akita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takehiro Noda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kunihito Gotoh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, 660-8511, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanemura
- Department of Surgery, Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, 598-8577, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Zhu Y, Zhang H, Han X, Wang Z, Cui Y, Tian R, Wang Z, Han B, Tian J, Zhang F, Niu R. STAT3 mediated upregulation of C-MET signaling acts as a compensatory survival mechanism upon EGFR family inhibition in chemoresistant breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:328-342. [PMID: 34348188 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the most common treatment for all types of breast cancer. Chemoresistance in tumors is still a major obstacle for treating late-stage breast cancer. In the process of acquiring resistance, tumor cells dynamically evolve to adapt to the challenge of anti-cancer drugs. Besides the upregulation of drug-pumps, signal pathways related to proliferation and survival undergo adaptive evolution. Thus, these drug-resistant cells are more conducive to proliferation, even in stressful conditions. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism that drives cancer cells to sustain their proliferation ability is unclear. Herein, we reported that the upregulated C-MET signaling acts as a compensatory mechanism that sustains the proliferation of chemoresistant cells in which EGFR family signaling was attenuated. Both C-MET and EGFR family are essential for cell proliferation due to their activation of the STAT3 signaling. Different from other cell models in which C-MET interacts with and phosphorylates EGFR family members, our cell model showed no direct interaction between C-MET and EGFR family members. Therefore, C-MET and EGFR family signaling pathways function independently to sustain the proliferation of resistant cells. Moreover, chemoresistant cells have evolved a novel, STAT3-C-MET feed-forward loop that plays a vital role in sustaining cell proliferation. The activated STAT3 interacts with the MET gene promoter to upregulate its transcription. Most importantly, the combined inhibition of C-MET and EGFR family synergistically inhibits the proliferation of drug-resistant cells in vitro and in xenograft tumor models. This work provides a new strategy for treating drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - He Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xingxing Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yanfen Cui
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhaosong Wang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Baoai Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jianfei Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ruifang Niu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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