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Poddar MS, Chu YD, Yeh CT, Liu CH. Deciphering hepatoma cell resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: insights from a Liver-on-a-Chip model unveiling tumor endothelial cell mechanisms. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3668-3678. [PMID: 38938178 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00238e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer represents a significant global burden in terms of cancer-related mortality, with resistance to anti-angiogenic drugs such as Sorafenib and Lenvatinib presenting a formidable challenge. Tumor angiogenesis, characterized by the formation of new blood vessels within tumors, plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and metastasis. Tumor endothelial cells, specialized endothelial cells lining tumor blood vessels, exhibit unique phenotypic and functional traits that drive aberrant vessel formation and contribute to therapy resistance. CD105, a cell-surface glycoprotein that is highly expressed on endothelial cells during angiogenesis, including tumor endothelial cells, regulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and vessel formation by modulating transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways. Elevated CD105 expression on tumor endothelial cells correlates with increased angiogenic activity and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Targeting CD105 with antibodies presents a promising strategy to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and disrupt tumor vasculature, offering potential therapeutic benefits by interfering with the tumor microenvironment and inhibiting its progression. This study investigates tumor angiogenesis through a three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic co-culture system incorporating endothelial cells and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The primary focus is on the role of CD105 expression within the liver tumor microenvironment and its contribution to increased chemoresistance. Additionally, this research examines the influence of CD105 expression on the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and its pivotal function in facilitating angiogenesis in liver tumors. The proposed microfluidic chip model investigates liver cancer cell interactions within a microfluidic chip model designed to simulate aspects of liver tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Shree Poddar
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30044, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-De Chu
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Hsien Liu
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30044, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan, Republic of China
- College of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Ranch K, Chawnani D, Jani H, Acharya D, Patel CA, Jacob S, Babu RJ, Tiwari AK, Al-Tabakha MM, Boddu SHS. An update on the latest strategies in retinal drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:695-712. [PMID: 38787783 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2358886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinal drug delivery has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, mainly driven by the prevalence of retinal diseases and the need for more efficient and patient-friendly treatment strategies. AREAS COVERED Advancements in nanotechnology have introduced novel drug delivery platforms to improve bioavailability and provide controlled/targeted delivery to specific retinal layers. This review highlights various treatment options for retinal diseases. Additionally, diverse strategies aimed at enhancing delivery of small molecules and antibodies to the posterior segment such as implants, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, microneedles, iontophoresis and mixed micelles were emphasized. A comprehensive overview of the special technologies currently under clinical trials or already in the clinic was provided. EXPERT OPINION Ideally, drug delivery system for treating retinal diseases should be less invasive in nature and exhibit sustained release up to several months. Though topical administration in the form of eye drops offers better patient compliance, its clinical utility is limited by nature of the drug. There is a wide range of delivery platforms available, however, it is not easy to modify any single platform to accommodate all types of drugs. Coordinated efforts between ophthalmologists and drug delivery scientists are necessary while developing therapeutic compounds, right from their inception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Ranch
- Department of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Disha Chawnani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Harshilkumar Jani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Devarshi Acharya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Chirag Amrutlal Patel
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy practices, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates UAE
| | - R Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Moawia M Al-Tabakha
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
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Chen L, Zhang S, Duan Y, Song X, Chang M, Feng W, Chen Y. Silicon-containing nanomedicine and biomaterials: materials chemistry, multi-dimensional design, and biomedical application. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1167-1315. [PMID: 38168612 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01022k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The invention of silica-based bioactive glass in the late 1960s has sparked significant interest in exploring a wide range of silicon-containing biomaterials from the macroscale to the nanoscale. Over the past few decades, these biomaterials have been extensively explored for their potential in diverse biomedical applications, considering their remarkable bioactivity, excellent biocompatibility, facile surface functionalization, controllable synthesis, etc. However, to expedite the clinical translation and the unexpected utilization of silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials, it is highly desirable to achieve a thorough comprehension of their characteristics and biological effects from an overall perspective. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the state-of-the-art progress of silicon-composed biomaterials, including their classification, characteristics, fabrication methods, and versatile biomedical applications. Additionally, we highlight the multi-dimensional design of both pure and hybrid silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials and their intrinsic biological effects and interactions with biological systems. Their extensive biomedical applications span from drug delivery and bioimaging to therapeutic interventions and regenerative medicine, showcasing the significance of their rational design and fabrication to meet specific requirements and optimize their theranostic performance. Additionally, we offer insights into the future prospects and potential challenges regarding silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials. By shedding light on these exciting research advances, we aspire to foster further progress in the biomedical field and drive the development of innovative silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials with transformative applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Duan
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China.
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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González-Muñoz T, Di Giannatale A, García-Silva S, Santos V, Sánchez-Redondo S, Savini C, Graña-Castro O, Blanco-Aparicio C, Fischer S, De Wever O, Creus-Bachiller E, Ortega-Bertran S, Pisapia DJ, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Fernández-Rodríguez J, Pérez-Portabella CR, Alaggio R, Benassi MS, Pazzaglia L, Scotlandi K, Ratner N, Yohay K, Theuer CP, Peinado H. Endoglin, a Novel Biomarker and Therapeutical Target to Prevent Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3744-3758. [PMID: 37432984 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are highly aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas that lack effective treatments, underscoring the urgent need to uncover novel mediators of MPNST pathogenesis that may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Tumor angiogenesis is considered a critical event in MPNST transformation and progression. Here, we have investigated whether endoglin (ENG), a TGFβ coreceptor with a crucial role in angiogenesis, could be a novel therapeutic target in MPNSTs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ENG expression was evaluated in human peripheral nerve sheath tumor tissues and plasma samples. Effects of tumor cell-specific ENG expression on gene expression, signaling pathway activation and in vivo MPNST growth and metastasis, were investigated. The efficacy of ENG targeting in monotherapy or in combination with MEK inhibition was analyzed in xenograft models. RESULTS ENG expression was found to be upregulated in both human MPNST tumor tissues and plasma-circulating small extracellular vesicles. We demonstrated that ENG modulates Smad1/5 and MAPK/ERK pathway activation and pro-angiogenic and pro-metastatic gene expression in MPNST cells and plays an active role in tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Targeting with ENG-neutralizing antibodies (TRC105/M1043) decreased MPNST growth and metastasis in xenograft models by reducing tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Moreover, combination of anti-ENG therapy with MEK inhibition effectively reduced tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our data unveil a tumor-promoting function of ENG in MPNSTs and support the use of this protein as a novel biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa González-Muñoz
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Susana García-Silva
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Santos
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-Redondo
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Savini
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Patients in Science, Medical Writing and Communication, Valencia, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Suzanne Fischer
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Edgar Creus-Bachiller
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Ortega-Bertran
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David J Pisapia
- Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jose L Rodríguez-Peralto
- Department of Dermatology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Investigation institute I+12, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Plataforma Mouse Lab, Servicios Científico-Técnicos, IDIBELL, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Benassi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kaleb Yohay
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Héctor Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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Ahluwalia MS, Rogers LR, Chaudhary R, Newton H, Ozair A, Khosla AA, Nixon AB, Adams BJ, Seon BK, Peereboom DM, Theuer CP. Endoglin inhibitor TRC105 with or without bevacizumab for bevacizumab-refractory glioblastoma (ENDOT): a multicenter phase II trial. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:120. [PMID: 37684373 PMCID: PMC10491825 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal primary brain tumor, has limited treatment options upon recurrence after chemoradiation and bevacizumab. TRC105 (carotuximab), a chimeric anti-endoglin (CD105) antibody, inhibits angiogenesis and potentiates activity of VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab in preclinical models. This study sought to assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of TRC105 for bevacizumab-refractory GBM. METHODS We conducted a pre-registered (NCT01564914), multicenter, open-label phase II clinical trial (ENDOT). We administered 10 mg/kg TRC105 monotherapy (first cohort) in adults with GBM and radiographic progression following radiation, temozolomide and bevacizumab therapy. Primary outcome was median time-to-progression (TTP), amended after first cohort's enrollment to median overall survival (mOS). Secondary outcomes were objective response rate, safety and tolerability, and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS 6 patients were enrolled in TRC105 monotherapy cohort. Median TTP and PFS of 5 evaluable patients receiving monotherapy was 1.4 months, in whom plasma VEGF-A levels were elevated post-therapy. Lack of response led to protocol amendment, and second cohort's addition of bevacizumab+TRC105 with primary endpoint of mOS. 16 patients were enrolled in bevacizumab+TRC105 cohort. mOS of 15 evaluable patients was 5.7 (95%CI: 4.2-9.8) months. All 22 patients had measurable disease at baseline. Median PFS of 14 evaluable patients receiving bevacizumab+TRC105 was 1.8 months (95%CI 1.2-2.1). Serum TRC105 was measurable above target concentration of 25 ug/mL in all evaluable patients. Study medications were well-tolerated in both cohorts. Combined administration did not potentiate known toxicities of either medication, with cerebral hemorrhage not observed. CONCLUSIONS Single-agent TRC105 lacks activity in bevacizumab-refractory GBM, possibly secondary to upregulated VEGF-A expression. Meaningful mOS in bevacizumab+TRC105 cohort warrants further trials to investigate efficacy of combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmeet S Ahluwalia
- Rose and Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Lisa R Rogers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Rekha Chaudhary
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Herbert Newton
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad Ozair
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atulya A Khosla
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Ben K Seon
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David M Peereboom
- Rose and Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Brichkina A, Polo P, Sharma SD, Visestamkul N, Lauth M. A Quick Guide to CAF Subtypes in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092614. [PMID: 37174079 PMCID: PMC10177377 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer represents one of the most desmoplastic malignancies and is characterized by an extensive deposition of extracellular matrix. The latter is provided by activated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are abundant cells in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Many recent studies have made it clear that CAFs are not a singular cellular entity but represent a multitude of potentially dynamic subgroups that affect tumor biology at several levels. As mentioned before, CAFs significantly contribute to the fibrotic reaction and the biomechanical properties of the tumor, but they can also modulate the local immune environment and the response to targeted, chemo or radiotherapy. As the number of known and emerging CAF subgroups is steadily increasing, it is becoming increasingly difficult to keep up with these developments and to clearly discriminate the cellular subsets identified so far. This review aims to provide a helpful overview that enables readers to quickly familiarize themselves with field of CAF heterogeneity and to grasp the phenotypic, functional and therapeutic distinctions of the various stromal subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brichkina
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Clinics for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Pierfrancesco Polo
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Clinics for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Shrey Dharamvir Sharma
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Clinics for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Nico Visestamkul
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Clinics for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Center for Tumor and Immune Biology, Clinics for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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Vaklavas C, Stringer-Reasor EM, Elkhanany AM, Ryan KJ, Li Y, Theuer CP, Acosta EP, Wei S, Yang ES, Grizzle WE, Forero-Torres A. A phase I/II study of preoperative letrozole, everolimus, and carotuximab in stage 2 and 3 hormone receptor-positive and Her2-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:217-229. [PMID: 36735117 PMCID: PMC10020303 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In nonmetastatic hormone receptor-positive and Her2-negative breast cancer, preoperative endocrine therapies can yield outcomes similar with chemotherapy. We evaluated the tolerability and preliminary antitumor activity of preoperative letrozole, everolimus, and carotuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting endoglin, in nonmetastatic breast cancer. METHODS Eligible patients had newly diagnosed, stage 2 or 3, hormone receptor-positive and Her2/neu-negative breast cancer. Patients received escalating doses of everolimus; the dose of letrozole and carotuximab were fixed at 2.5 mg PO daily and 15 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks, respectively. The primary objective was to determine the safety and tolerability of the combination. Secondary objectives included pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies and assessments of antitumor activity. RESULTS Fifteen patients enrolled. The recommended phase 2 dose of everolimus in combination with letrozole and carotuximab was 10 mg PO daily. The most frequent adverse events were headache (67%), fatigue (47%), facial flushing and swelling (47%), gingival hemorrhage (40%), epistaxis (33%), nausea and vomiting (27%). Headache constituted a dose-limiting toxicity. At least two signs of mucocutaneous telangiectasia developed in 92% of patients. Carotuximab accumulated in the extravascular space and accelerated the biodistribution and clearance of everolimus. All patients had residual disease. Gene expression analyses were consistent with downregulation of genes involved in proliferation and DNA repair. Among 6 patients with luminal B breast cancer, 5 converted to luminal A after one cycle of therapy. CONCLUSION Letrozole, everolimus, and carotuximab were tolerated in combination at their single-agent doses. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed an interaction between everolimus and carotuximab. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02520063), first posted on August 11, 2015, and is active, not recruiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Vaklavas
- Huntsman Cancer Institute of the University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, RS2509, Salt Lake, UT, 84112, USA.
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | | | | | - Kevin J Ryan
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yufeng Li
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Shi Wei
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eddy S Yang
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Lontos K, Wang Y, Colbert M, Kumar A, Joshi S, Philbin M, Wang Y, Frisch A, Lohmueller J, Rivadeneira DB, Delgoffe GM. Fully murine CD105-targeted CAR-T cells provide an immunocompetent model for CAR-T cell biology. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2131229. [PMID: 36275862 PMCID: PMC9586682 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2131229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The modeling of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies has been mostly focused on immunodeficient models. However, there are many advantages in studying CAR-T cell biology in an immunocompetent setting. We generated a fully murine CAR targeting CD105 (endoglin), a component of the TGFβ receptor expressed on the surface of certain solid tumors and acute leukemias. CD105-targeted CAR-T cells can be grown from various murine backgrounds, tracked in vivo by congenic marks, and be activated by CD105 in isolation or expressed by tumor cells. CD105-targeted CAR-T cells were toxic at higher doses but proved safe in lower doses and modestly effective in treating wild-type B16 melanoma-bearing mice. CAR-T cells infiltrating the tumor expressed high levels of exhaustion markers and exhibited metabolic insufficiencies. We also generated a human CD105 CAR, which was efficacious in treating human melanoma and acute myeloid leukemia in vivo. Our work details a new murine model of CAR-T cell therapy that can be used from immunologists to further our understanding of CAR-T cell biology. We also set the foundation for further exploration of CD105 as a possible human CAR-T cell target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Lontos
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yiyang Wang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Peking, China
| | - Mason Colbert
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alok Kumar
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Supriya Joshi
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary Philbin
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Peking, China
| | - Andrew Frisch
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Graduate Program of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason Lohmueller
- Department of Surgery, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dayana B. Rivadeneira
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Greg M. Delgoffe
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Gerrits T, Brouwer IJ, Dijkstra KL, Wolterbeek R, Bruijn JA, Scharpfenecker M, Baelde HJ. Endoglin Is an Important Mediator in the Final Common Pathway of Chronic Kidney Disease to End-Stage Renal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010646. [PMID: 36614087 PMCID: PMC9820946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a slow-developing, progressive deterioration of renal function. The final common pathway in the pathophysiology of CKD involves glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) stimulates the differentiation of fibroblasts towards myofibroblasts and the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, and thereby interstitial fibrosis. It has been shown that endoglin (ENG, CD105), primarily expressed in endothelial cells and fibroblasts, can function as a co-receptor of TGF signaling. In several human organs, endoglin tends to be upregulated when chronic damage and fibrosis is present. We hypothesize that endoglin is upregulated in renal interstitial fibrosis and plays a role in the progression of CKD. We first measured renal endoglin expression in biopsy samples obtained from patients with different types of CKD, i.e., IgA nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and patients with chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD). We showed that endoglin is upregulated in CAD patients (p < 0.001) and patients with DN (p < 0.05), compared to control kidneys. Furthermore, the amount of interstitial endoglin expression correlated with eGFR (p < 0.001) and the amount of interstitial fibrosis (p < 0.001), independent of the diagnosis of the biopsies. Finally, we investigated in vitro the effect of endoglin overexpression in TGF-β stimulated human kidney fibroblasts. Overexpression of endoglin resulted in an enhanced ACTA2, CCN2 and SERPINE1 mRNA response (p < 0.05). It also increased the mRNA and protein upregulation of the ECM components collagen type I (COL1A1) and fibronectin (FN1) (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that endoglin is an important mediator in the final common pathway of CKD and could be used as a possible new therapeutic target to counteract the progression towards end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Gerrits
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella J. Brouwer
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kyra L. Dijkstra
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Wolterbeek
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. Bruijn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Scharpfenecker
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J. Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)-71-526-4788
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10
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Oladejo M, Nguyen HM, Silwal A, Reese B, Paulishak W, Markiewski MM, Wood LM. Listeria-based immunotherapy directed against CD105 exerts anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor efficacy in renal cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038807. [PMID: 36439126 PMCID: PMC9692019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor-associated angiogenesis is currently at the forefront of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) therapy, with sunitinib and bevacizumab leading to increased survival in patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC). However, resistance often occurs shortly after initiation of therapy, suggesting that targeting the tumor-associated vascular endothelium may not be sufficient to eradicate RCC. This study reports the therapeutic efficacy of a Listeria (Lm)-based vaccine encoding an antigenic fragment of CD105 (Lm-LLO-CD105A) that targets both RCC tumor cells and the tumor-associated vasculature. Lm-LLO-CD105A treatment reduced primary tumor growth in both subcutaneous and orthotopic models of murine RCC. The vaccine conferred anti-tumor immunity and remodeled the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in increased infiltration of polyfunctional CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and reduced infiltration of immunosuppressive cell types within the TME. We further provide evidence that the therapeutic efficacy of Lm-LLO-CD105A is mediated by CD8+ T cells and is dependent on the robust antigenic expression of CD105 by RCC tumor cells. The result from this study demonstrates the safety and promising therapeutic efficacy of targeting RCC-associated CD105 expression with Lm-based immunotherapy.
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11
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Horst B, Pradhan S, Chaudhary R, Listik E, Quintero-Macias L, Choi AS, Southard M, Liu Y, Whitaker R, Hempel N, Berchuck A, Nixon AB, Lee NY, Henis YI, Mythreye K. Hypoxia-induced inhibin promotes tumor growth and vascular permeability in ovarian cancers. Commun Biol 2022; 5:536. [PMID: 35654828 PMCID: PMC9163327 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a driver of tumor growth and metastasis, regulates angiogenic pathways that are targets for vessel normalization and ovarian cancer management. However, toxicities and resistance to anti-angiogenics can limit their use making identification of new targets vital. Inhibin, a heteromeric TGFβ ligand, is a contextual regulator of tumor progression acting as an early tumor suppressor, yet also an established biomarker for ovarian cancers. Here, we find that hypoxia increases inhibin levels in ovarian cancer cell lines, xenograft tumors, and patients. Inhibin is regulated primarily through HIF-1, shifting the balance under hypoxia from activins to inhibins. Hypoxia regulated inhibin promotes tumor growth, endothelial cell invasion and permeability. Targeting inhibin in vivo through knockdown and anti-inhibin strategies robustly reduces permeability in vivo and alters the balance of pro and anti-angiogenic mechanisms resulting in vascular normalization. Mechanistically, inhibin regulates permeability by increasing VE-cadherin internalization via ACVRL1 and CD105, a receptor complex that we find to be stabilized directly by inhibin. Our findings demonstrate direct roles for inhibins in vascular normalization via TGF-β receptors providing new insights into the therapeutic significance of inhibins as a strategy to normalize the tumor vasculature in ovarian cancer. Hypoxia increases levels of the heteromeric TGFβ ligand inhibin in ovarian cancer and inhibin promotes tumor growth, endothelial cell invasion and permeability.
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12
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Haraya K, Tsutsui H, Komori Y, Tachibana T. Recent Advances in Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Prediction of Therapeutic Antibodies Using Modeling and Simulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050508. [PMID: 35631335 PMCID: PMC9145563 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been a promising therapeutic approach for several diseases and a wide variety of mAbs are being evaluated in clinical trials. To accelerate clinical development and improve the probability of success, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PKPD) in humans must be predicted before clinical trials can begin. Traditionally, empirical-approach-based PKPD prediction has been applied for a long time. Recently, modeling and simulation (M&S) methods have also become valuable for quantitatively predicting PKPD in humans. Although several models (e.g., the compartment model, Michaelis–Menten model, target-mediated drug disposition model, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic model) have been established and used to predict the PKPD of mAbs in humans, more complex mechanistic models, such as the quantitative systemics pharmacology model, have been recently developed. This review summarizes the recent advances and future direction of M&S-based approaches to the quantitative prediction of human PKPD for mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Haraya
- Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Haruka Tsutsui
- Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan;
| | - Yasunori Komori
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan; (Y.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuhiko Tachibana
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan; (Y.K.); (T.T.)
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13
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Zhou H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Wen X, Amador EH, Yuan L, Ran X, Xiong L, Ran Y, Chen W, Wen Y. Colorectal liver metastasis: molecular mechanism and interventional therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 35246503 PMCID: PMC8897452 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancy tumors with a high morbidity additionally, CRC patients may develop liver metastasis, which is the major cause of death. Despite significant advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the survival rate of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) patients remains very low. CRLM, as a complex cascade reaction process involving multiple factors and procedures, has complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms/pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of CRLM. We also focus on an overview of the recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of CRLM with a special emphasis on tumor microenvironment and promise of newer targeted therapies for CRLM, further improving the prognosis of CRLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhongtao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Eric H Amador
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yuping Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. .,Medical Technology Research Centre, Chelmsford Campus, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK.
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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14
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Kulikauskas MR, X S, Bautch VL. The versatility and paradox of BMP signaling in endothelial cell behaviors and blood vessel function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:77. [PMID: 35044529 PMCID: PMC8770421 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels expand via sprouting angiogenesis, and this process involves numerous endothelial cell behaviors, such as collective migration, proliferation, cell–cell junction rearrangements, and anastomosis and lumen formation. Subsequently, blood vessels remodel to form a hierarchical network that circulates blood and delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissue. During this time, endothelial cells become quiescent and form a barrier between blood and tissues that regulates transport of liquids and solutes. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling regulates both proangiogenic and homeostatic endothelial cell behaviors as blood vessels form and mature. Almost 30 years ago, human pedigrees linked BMP signaling to diseases associated with blood vessel hemorrhage and shunts, and recent work greatly expanded our knowledge of the players and the effects of vascular BMP signaling. Despite these gains, there remain paradoxes and questions, especially with respect to how and where the different and opposing BMP signaling outputs are regulated. This review examines endothelial cell BMP signaling in vitro and in vivo and discusses the paradox of BMP signals that both destabilize and stabilize endothelial cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R Kulikauskas
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Shaka X
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Victoria L Bautch
- Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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15
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Pawlak JB, Blobe GC. TGF-β superfamily co-receptors in cancer. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:137-163. [PMID: 33797167 PMCID: PMC8484463 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily signaling via their cognate receptors is frequently modified by TGF-β superfamily co-receptors. Signaling through SMAD-mediated pathways may be enhanced or depressed depending on the specific co-receptor and cell context. This dynamic effect on signaling is further modified by the release of many of the co-receptors from the membrane to generate soluble forms that are often antagonistic to the membrane-bound receptors. The co-receptors discussed here include TβRIII (betaglycan), endoglin, BAMBI, CD109, SCUBE proteins, neuropilins, Cripto-1, MuSK, and RGMs. Dysregulation of these co-receptors can lead to altered TGF-β superfamily signaling that contributes to the pathophysiology of many cancers through regulation of growth, metastatic potential, and the tumor microenvironment. Here we describe the role of several TGF-β superfamily co-receptors on TGF-β superfamily signaling and the impact on cellular and physiological functions with a particular focus on cancer, including a discussion on recent pharmacological advances and potential clinical applications targeting these co-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerard C. Blobe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center,Corresponding author: Gerard Blobe, B354 LSRC, Box 91004 DUMC, Durham, NC 27708, , 919-668-1352
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16
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Galanis E, Anderson SK, Twohy E, Butowski NA, Hormigo A, Schiff D, Omuro A, Jaeckle KA, Kumar S, Kaufmann TJ, Geyer S, Kumthekar PU, Campian J, Giannini C, Buckner JC, Wen PY. Phase I/randomized phase II trial of TRC105 plus bevacizumab versus bevacizumab in recurrent glioblastoma: North Central Cancer Treatment Group N1174 (Alliance). Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac041. [PMID: 35664553 PMCID: PMC9154335 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a poor prognosis and limited effective treatment options. Bevacizumab has been approved for treatment of recurrent GBM, but there is questionable survival benefit. Based on preclinical and early clinical data indicating that CD105 upregulation may represent a mechanism of resistance to bevacizumab, we hypothesized that combining bevacizumab with the anti-CD105 antibody TRC105 may improve efficacy in recurrent GBM. Methods Phase I dose-escalation/comparative randomized phase II trial in patients with GBM. During phase I, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TRC105 in combination with bevacizumab was determined. In phase II, patients were randomized 1:1 to TRC105 and bevacizumab or bevacizumab monotherapy. Patients received TRC105 (10 mg/kg) weekly and bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) every 2 weeks. Efficacy, as assessed by progression-free survival (PFS), was the primary endpoint; safety, quality of life, and correlative outcomes were also evaluated. Results In total, 15 patients were enrolled in phase I and 101 in phase II; 52 patients were randomized to TRC105 with bevacizumab and 49 to bevacizumab monotherapy. The MTD was determined to be 10 mg/kg TRC105 weekly plus bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks. An increased occurrence of grade ≥3 adverse events was seen in the combination arm, including higher incidences of anemia. Median PFS was similar in both treatment arms: 2.9 months for combination versus 3.2 months for bevacizumab monotherapy (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.75-1.78, P = .51). Quality of life scores were similar for both treatment arms. Conclusions TRC105 in combination with bevacizumab was well tolerated in patients with recurrent GBM, but no difference in efficacy was observed compared to bevacizumab monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Galanis
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - S Keith Anderson
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Erin Twohy
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas A Butowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adilia Hormigo
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - David Schiff
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Antonio Omuro
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kurt A Jaeckle
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Shaji Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy J Kaufmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Susan Geyer
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Priya U Kumthekar
- Northwestern Medicine, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago Illinois, USA
| | - Jian Campian
- Washington University School of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jan C Buckner
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Partners Cancer Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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17
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Gonzalez VH, Berger B, Goldberg R, Gordon CM, Khurana RN, Angeles R, Shams N. Safety and Tolerability of Intravitreal Carotuximab (DE-122) in Patients With Persistent Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Phase I Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:27. [PMID: 34935908 PMCID: PMC8711001 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.14.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Carotuximab (DE-122) is a novel endoglin antibody that exhibits potent anti-angiogenic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single intravitreal injection of four ascending doses of carotuximab in patients with persistent exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods In an open-label, dose-escalating, sequential cohort study, patients with persistent exudative AMD were assigned to an intravitreal injection of carotuximab 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.0 mg, or 4.0 mg (n = 3 per group). Safety and change in central subfield thickness (CST), as measured by spectral domain–optical coherence tomography, were assessed from baseline until day 90. Rescue therapy with an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor medication was allowed on days 8, 30, and 60. Results Seven patients (58%) experienced at least one adverse event (AE), including five patients (41.7%) who experienced one or more AEs in the study eye and two patients (16.7%) who experienced one or more non-ocular AEs. Posterior eye deposits were reported in one patient 2 days after receiving 1.0 mg, but they resolved spontaneously by day 43. A >50-µm reduction in CST on two consecutive visits was observed in four patients (33%), including one patient in each dose cohort. Conclusions In this study, carotuximab was generally well tolerated, with no serious AEs reported, when administered as a single intravitreal injection to patients with persistent exudative AMD. Translational Relevance Further characterization of the safety and efficacy of carotuximab will be needed to determine what role it may have in the treatment of exudative AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rahul N Khurana
- Northern California Retina Vitreous Associates, Mountain View, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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18
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The Dual Effect of the BMP9-ALK1 Pathway in Blood Vessels: An Opportunity for Cancer Therapy Improvement? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215412. [PMID: 34771575 PMCID: PMC8582496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The modulation of tumor blood vessels is a great opportunity for improving cancer therapies. Understanding the cellular and molecular players that regulate the biology of tumor blood vessels and tumor angiogenesis is necessary for the development of new anti-tumor strategies. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a circulating factor with multiple effects in vascular biology through its receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1). In this review, we give an overview of the possible benefits of modulating BMP9–ALK1 functions for cancer therapy improvement. Abstract The improvement of cancer therapy efficacy, the extension of patient survival and the reduction of adverse side effects are major challenges in cancer research. Targeting blood vessels has been considered a promising strategy in cancer therapy. Since the tumor vasculature is disorganized, leaky and triggers immunosuppression and tumor hypoxia, several strategies have been studied to modify tumor vasculature for cancer therapy improvement. Anti-angiogenesis was first described as a mechanism to prevent the formation of new blood vessels and prevent the oxygen supply to tumor cells, showing numerous limitations. Vascular normalization using low doses of anti-angiogenic drugs was purposed to overcome the limitations of anti-angiogenic therapies. Other strategies such as vascular promotion or the induction of high endothelial venules are being studied now to improve cancer therapy. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) exerts a dual effect through the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) receptor in blood vessel maturation or activation phase of angiogenesis. Thus, it is an interesting pathway to target in combination with chemotherapies or immunotherapies. This review manuscript explores the effect of the BMP9–ALK1 pathway in tumor angiogenesis and the possible usefulness of targeting this pathway in anti-angiogenesis, vascular normalization or vascular promotion therapies.
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19
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Laukhtina E, Schuettfort VM, D Andrea D, Pradere B, Mori K, Quhal F, Sari Motlagh R, Mostafaei H, Katayama S, Grossmann NС, Rajwa P, Zeinler F, Abufaraj M, Moschini M, Zimmermann K, Karakiewicz PI, Fajkovic H, Scherr D, Compérat E, Nyirady P, Rink M, Enikeev D, Shariat SF. Preoperative plasma level of endoglin as a predictor for disease outcomes after radical cystectomy for nonmetastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Mol Carcinog 2021; 61:5-18. [PMID: 34587660 PMCID: PMC9293216 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Elevated preoperative plasma level of endoglin has been associated with worse oncologic outcomes in various malignancies. The present large-scale study aimed to determine the predictive and prognostic values of preoperative endoglin with regard to clinicopathologic and survival outcomes in patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for nonmetastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). We prospectively collected preoperative blood samples from 1036 consecutive patients treated with RC for UCB. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were undertaken to assess the correlation of endoglin levels with pathologic and survival outcomes, respectively. The AUC and C-index were used to assess the discrimination. Patients with adverse pathologic features had significantly higher median preoperative endoglin plasma levels than their counterparts. Higher preoperative endoglin level was independently associated with an increased risk for lymph node metastasis, ≥pT3 disease, and nonorgan confined disease (NOCD; all p < 0.001). Plasma endoglin level was also independently associated with cancer-specific and overall survival in both pre- and postoperative models (all p < 0.05), as well as with recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the preoperative model (p < 0.001). The addition of endoglin to the preoperative standard model improved its discrimination for prediction of lymph node metastasis, ≥pT3 disease, NOCD, and RFS (differential increases in C-indices: 10%, 5%, 5.8%, and 4%, respectively). Preoperative plasma endoglin is associated with features of biologically and clinically aggressive UCB as well as survival outcomes. Therefore, it seems to hold the potential of identifying UCB patients who may benefit from intensified therapy in addition to RC such as extended lymphadenectomy or/and preoperative systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor M Schuettfort
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David D Andrea
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reza Sari Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Satoshi Katayama
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nico С Grossmann
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Rajwa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Flora Zeinler
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.,Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele
| | - Kristin Zimmermann
- Department of Urology, Federal Armed Services Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Division of Urology, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Harun Fajkovic
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Douglas Scherr
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eva Compérat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Nyirady
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitry Enikeev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
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20
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Lin X, Li H, Li X, Yang X, Shi W, Ding Z, Zhong D, Li Y, Yang W, Yu X, Xie S, Jiang X, Lu X. A Single-Chain Variable Fragment Antibody/Chemokine Fusion Protein Targeting Human Endoglin to Enhance the Anti-Tumor Activity of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1574-1583. [PMID: 34544535 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer cell immunotherapy is an ideal candidate for adoptive cell transfer therapy. However, therapeutic approaches to enhance the anti-tumor activity of cytokine-induced killer cells remain to be explored. Here, we described the successful development of a novel antibody-chemokine fusion protein containing the anti-human Endoglin antibody in the single-chain variable fragment format and human interferon-gamma-induced protein 10 (hENG scFv/hIP-10). Its anti-Endoglin immunoreactivity and chemotactic activity against the cytokine-induced killer cells were characterized in vitro. To evaluate the anti-tumor effect in vivo, cytokine-induced killer cells were intravenously injected into human hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing nude mice, together with intratumoral administration of the fusion protein hENG scFv/hIP-10 as an enhancer. The tumor volume and survival time of the mice were monitored, whilst the tumor-infiltrating cytokine-induced killer cells, serum levels of interferon-gamma, tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were measured. The results demonstrated that hENG scFv/hIP-10 and cytokine-induced killer cells synergistically inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, the number of tumor-infiltrating cytokine-induced killer cells, serum levels of interferon-gamma, and tumor cell apoptosis were increased, accompanied with decreased tumor proliferation and angiogenesis. Thus, our study suggests that hENG scFv/hIP-10 could enhance the anti-tumor activity of cytokine-induced killer cells against human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuandong Lin
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Haixia Li
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xi Li
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Wei Shi
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ziqiang Ding
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Dani Zhong
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yangzi Li
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Wenli Yang
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xia Yu
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shenxia Xie
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
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21
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Cui G, Wu J, Lin J, Liu W, Chen P, Yu M, Zhou D, Yao G. Graphene-based nanomaterials for breast cancer treatment: promising therapeutic strategies. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:211. [PMID: 34266419 PMCID: PMC8281664 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and its incidence increases annually. Traditional therapies have several side effects, leading to the urgent need to explore new smart drug-delivery systems and find new therapeutic strategies. Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) are potential drug carriers due to their target selectivity, easy functionalization, chemosensitization and high drug-loading capacity. Previous studies have revealed that GBNs play an important role in fighting breast cancer. Here, we have summarized the superior properties of GBNs and modifications to shape GBNs for improved function. Then, we focus on the applications of GBNs in breast cancer treatment, including drug delivery, gene therapy, phototherapy, and magnetothermal therapy (MTT), and as a platform to combine multiple therapies. Their advantages in enhancing therapeutic effects, reducing the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs, overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) and inhibiting tumor metastasis are highlighted. This review aims to help evaluate GBNs as therapeutic strategies and provide additional novel ideas for their application in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangman Cui
- Breast Center, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Lin
- Breast Center, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peixian Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guangyu Yao
- Breast Center, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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Choueiri TK, Zakharia Y, Pal S, Kocsis J, Pachynski R, Poprach A, Nixon AB, Liu Y, Starr M, Lyu J, Owzar K, deShazo M, Lara P, Geczi L, Ho TH, Walsh M, Adams B, Robertson L, Darif M, Theuer C, Agarwal N. Clinical Results and Biomarker Analyses of Axitinib and TRC105 versus Axitinib Alone in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (TRAXAR). Oncologist 2021; 26:560-e1103. [PMID: 33829609 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED The combination of carotuximab with axitinib did not provide a benefit over axitinib monotherapy in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma who had previously progressed on one or more vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapies. Exploratory evaluation of pretreatment circulating biomarkers suggested the combination might benefit patients who have low baseline VEGF levels. BACKGROUND Endoglin is an angiogenic receptor expressed on proliferating tumor vessels and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) stem cells that is implicated as a mechanism of resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors. This study evaluated an antiendoglin monoclonal antibody (carotuximab, TRC105) combined with axitinib in patients with advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) who had progressed following one or more prior VEGF inhibitors. METHODS TRAXAR was a multicenter, international randomized 1:1 (stratified by ECOG, 0 vs. 1), phase II study of carotuximab combined with axitinib versus axitinib alone in mccRCC patients who had progressed following one or more prior VEGF inhibitors. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by independent central review (ICR) per RECIST 1.1 RESULTS: A total of 150 patients were randomized. The combination therapy resulted in shorter median PFS by RECIST 1.1 than axitinib monotherapy (6.7 vs. 11.4 months). The combination was tolerated similarly to axitinib monotherapy, and there were no treatment related deaths. Exploratory evaluation of pretreatment circulating biomarkers suggested the combination might benefit patients who have low baseline VEGF levels. CONCLUSION The combination of carotuximab with axitinib did not demonstrate additional efficacy over single agent axitinib in patients with mccRCC who progressed following one or more prior VEGF inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sumanta Pal
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Judit Kocsis
- Bács-Kiskun County Hospital, Oncoradiology Center, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Russell Pachynski
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alexandr Poprach
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew B Nixon
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Mark Starr
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North, Carolina, USA
| | - Jing Lyu
- Graduate Group in Biostatistics, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mollie deShazo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Primo Lara
- University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Lajos Geczi
- Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Thai H Ho
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Meghara Walsh
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bonne Adams
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Liz Robertson
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mohamed Darif
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Charles Theuer
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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23
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Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Ayuso-Íñigo B, Pericacho M. Hot and Cold Tumors: Is Endoglin (CD105) a Potential Target for Vessel Normalization? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1552. [PMID: 33800564 PMCID: PMC8038031 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are complex masses formed by malignant but also by normal cells. The interaction between these cells via cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and enzymes that remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes the tumor microenvironment (TME). This TME can be determinant in the prognosis and the response to some treatments such as immunotherapy. Depending on their TME, two types of tumors can be defined: hot tumors, characterized by an immunosupportive TME and a good response to immunotherapy; and cold tumors, which respond poorly to this therapy and are characterized by an immunosuppressive TME. A therapeutic strategy that has been shown to be useful for the conversion of cold tumors into hot tumors is vascular normalization. In this review we propose that endoglin (CD105) may be a useful target of this strategy since it is involved in the three main processes involved in the generation of the TME: angiogenesis, inflammation, and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) accumulation. Moreover, the analysis of endoglin expression in tumors, which is already used in the clinic to study the microvascular density and that is associated with worse prognosis, could be used to predict a patient's response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miguel Pericacho
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Group of Physiopathology of the Vascular Endothelium (ENDOVAS), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.O.-I.); (B.A.-Í.)
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24
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Endoglin in the Spotlight to Treat Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063186. [PMID: 33804796 PMCID: PMC8003971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A spotlight has been shone on endoglin in recent years due to that fact of its potential to serve as both a reliable disease biomarker and a therapeutic target. Indeed, endoglin has now been assigned many roles in both physiological and pathological processes. From a molecular point of view, endoglin mainly acts as a co-receptor in the canonical TGFβ pathway, but also it may be shed and released from the membrane, giving rise to the soluble form, which also plays important roles in cell signaling. In cancer, in particular, endoglin may contribute to either an oncogenic or a non-oncogenic phenotype depending on the cell context. The fact that endoglin is expressed by neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells within the tumor microenvironment suggests new possibilities for targeted therapies. Here, we aimed to review and discuss the many roles played by endoglin in different tumor types, as well as the strong evidence provided by pre-clinical and clinical studies that supports the therapeutic targeting of endoglin as a novel clinical strategy.
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25
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Liu Y, Paauwe M, Nixon AB, Hawinkels LJ. Endoglin Targeting: Lessons Learned and Questions That Remain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010147. [PMID: 33375670 PMCID: PMC7795616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30 years ago, endoglin was identified as a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β coreceptor with a crucial role in developmental biology and tumor angiogenesis. Its selectively high expression on tumor vessels and its correlation with poor survival in cancer patients led to the exploration of endoglin as a therapeutic target for cancer. The endoglin neutralizing antibody TRC105 (Carotuximab®, Tracon Pharmaceuticals (San Diego, CA, USA) was subsequently tested in a wide variety of preclinical cancer models before being tested in phase I-III clinical studies in cancer patients as both a monotherapy and in combination with other chemotherapeutic and anti-angiogenic therapies. The combined data of these studies have revealed new insights into the role of endoglin in angiogenesis and its expression and functional role on other cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we will summarize the preclinical work, clinical trials and biomarker studies of TRC105 and explore what these studies have enabled us to learn and what questions remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.L.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Madelon Paauwe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Andrew B. Nixon
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Y.L.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Lukas J.A.C. Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-71-526-6736
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26
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Abstract
Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) is a paradigm-shifting molecular imaging modality combining the superior targeting specificity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) and the inherent sensitivity of PET technique. A variety of radionuclides and mAbs have been exploited to develop immunoPET probes, which has been driven by the development and optimization of radiochemistry and conjugation strategies. In addition, tumor-targeting vectors with a short circulation time (e.g., Nanobody) or with an enhanced binding affinity (e.g., bispecific antibody) are being used to design novel immunoPET probes. Accordingly, several immunoPET probes, such as 89Zr-Df-pertuzumab and 89Zr-atezolizumab, have been successfully translated for clinical use. By noninvasively and dynamically revealing the expression of heterogeneous tumor antigens, immunoPET imaging is gradually changing the theranostic landscape of several types of malignancies. ImmunoPET is the method of choice for imaging specific tumor markers, immune cells, immune checkpoints, and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, the integration of immunoPET imaging in antibody drug development is of substantial significance because it provides pivotal information regarding antibody targeting abilities and distribution profiles. Herein, we present the latest immunoPET imaging strategies and their preclinical and clinical applications. We also emphasize current conjugation strategies that can be leveraged to develop next-generation immunoPET probes. Lastly, we discuss practical considerations to tune the development and translation of immunoPET imaging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7137, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Zachary T Rosenkrans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7137, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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27
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Sakamoto R, Kajihara I, Miyauchi H, Maeda-Otsuka S, Yamada-Kanazawa S, Sawamura S, Kanemaru H, Makino K, Aoi J, Makino T, Fukushima S, Masuzawa M, Masuzawa M, Amoh Y, Hoshina D, Abe R, Ihn H. Inhibition of Endoglin Exerts Antitumor Effects through the Regulation of Non-Smad TGF-β Signaling in Angiosarcoma. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:2060-2072.e6. [PMID: 32142796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor derived from endothelial cells, and its prognosis is poor because advanced angiosarcoma is often resistant to taxane therapy. Endoglin (CD105) acts as a coreceptor for TGF-β signaling and is overexpressed in tumor-associated endothelial cells and enhances tumor angiogenesis. Numerous clinical trials are testing the effectiveness of anti-endoglin antibodies in various types of malignancies. Here, we investigated the role of endoglin in the pathogenesis of angiosarcoma and whether endoglin inhibition results in antitumor activity. Endoglin was overexpressed in angiosarcoma, and its inhibition was effective in promoting apoptosis and the suppression of migration, invasion, tube formation, and Warburg effect in angiosarcoma cells. Knockdown of endoglin activated caspase 3/7 that is essential for apoptosis, reduced survivin levels, and decreased paxillin and vascular endothelial cadherin phosphorylation and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 activities in angiosarcoma cells. Although endoglin is a coreceptor that regulates TGF-β signaling, the antitumor effect of endoglin in angiosarcoma was not based on Smad signaling regulation but on non-Smad TGF-β signaling. Taken together, these results indicated that endoglin could be a novel therapeutic target for angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Sakamoto
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikko Kajihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Miyauchi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saki Maeda-Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saori Yamada-Kanazawa
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sawamura
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kanemaru
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Katsunari Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Aoi
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mamiko Masuzawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikio Masuzawa
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Amoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daichi Hoshina
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Riichiro Abe
- Department of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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28
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Schoonderwoerd MJA, Goumans MJTH, Hawinkels LJAC. Endoglin: Beyond the Endothelium. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020289. [PMID: 32059544 PMCID: PMC7072477 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Keywords: endoglin; CD105 TGF-β; BMP9; ALK-1; TRC105; tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. A. Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Gastrenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lukas J. A. C. Hawinkels
- Department of Gastrenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-71-526-6736
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29
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Wang X, Zong L, Wang W, Yang J, Xiang Y. CD105 overexpression mediates drug-resistance in choriocarcinoma cells through BMP9/Smad pathway. J Cancer 2020; 11:272-283. [PMID: 31897223 PMCID: PMC6930438 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: CD105 (endoglin, ENG) is a membranous protein that is overexpressed in tumor-associated endothelial cells and some actual tumor cells and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the association between CD105 and response to chemoresistance in choriocarcinoma cells has not been clearly defined. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of targeting CD105 in drug-resistant choriocarcinoma. Methods: CD105 expression was evaluated in drug-resistant and parental choriocarcinoma cells by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. CD105 overexpressing and knockdown cells were established by lentiviral transfection. CCK8, transwell, and flow cytometric assays were used to measure changes in drug-sensitivity, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. Drug-sensitivity and Smad1/5/8, Smad2, and Smad3 expression were also detected after BMP9 treatment. Immunohistochemical staining for CD105 and BMP9 was performed on choriocarcinoma tissues and the relationships between clinical and pathological characteristics were analysed. Results: Data demonstrated that CD105 overexpression could decrease drug sensitivity, promote invasion and migration, and inhibit apoptosis in choriocarcinoma cells, and this protein was confirmed to mediate drug resistance through the BMP9/Smad pathway. Further experiments showed that the expression of CD105 and BMP9 was consistent in choriocarcinoma tissues and significantly associated with disease recurrence. Conclusions: This study provides evidence suggesting that CD105 is critical for the development of drug-resistance in choriocarcinoma and might serve as a therapeutic target for reversing chemoresistance in choriocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Liju Zong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenze Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junjun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
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30
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Tual-Chalot S, Garcia-Collado M, Redgrave RE, Singh E, Davison B, Park C, Lin H, Luli S, Jin Y, Wang Y, Lawrie A, Jakobsson L, Arthur HM. Loss of Endothelial Endoglin Promotes High-Output Heart Failure Through Peripheral Arteriovenous Shunting Driven by VEGF Signaling. Circ Res 2019; 126:243-257. [PMID: 31805812 PMCID: PMC6970547 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE ENG (endoglin) is a coreceptor for BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) 9/10 and is strongly expressed in endothelial cells. Mutations in ENG lead to the inherited vascular disorder hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia characterized by local telangiectases and larger arteriovenous malformations (AVMs); but how ENG functions to regulate the adult vasculature is not understood. OBJECTIVE The goal of the work was to determine how ENG maintains vessel caliber in adult life to prevent AVM formation and thereby protect heart function. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetic depletion of endothelial Eng in adult mice led to a significant reduction in mean aortic blood pressure. There was no evidence of hemorrhage, anemia, or AVMs in major organs to explain the reduced aortic pressure. However, large AVMs developed in the peripheral vasculature intimately associated with the pelvic cartilaginous symphysis-a noncapsulated cartilage with a naturally high endogenous expression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). The increased blood flow through these peripheral AVMs explained the drop in aortic blood pressure and led to increased cardiac preload, and high stroke volumes, ultimately resulting in high-output heart failure. Development of pelvic AVMs in this region of high VEGF expression occurred because loss of ENG in endothelial cells leads to increased sensitivity to VEGF and a hyperproliferative response. Development of AVMs and associated progression to high-output heart failure in the absence of endothelial ENG was attenuated by targeting VEGF signaling with an anti-VEGFR2 (VEGF receptor 2) antibody. CONCLUSIONS ENG promotes the normal balance of VEGF signaling in quiescent endothelial cells to maintain vessel caliber-an essential function in conditions of increased VEGF expression such as local hypoxia or inflammation. In the absence of endothelial ENG, increased sensitivity to VEGF drives abnormal endothelial proliferation in local regions of high VEGF expression, leading to AVM formation and a rapid injurious impact on heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Tual-Chalot
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rachael E Redgrave
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Esha Singh
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Davison
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Park
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Hua Lin
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Saimir Luli
- Preclinical In Vivo Imaging Facility (S.L.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Jin
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden (M.G.-C., Y.J., Y.W., L.J.)
| | - Yixin Wang
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden (M.G.-C., Y.J., Y.W., L.J.)
| | - Allan Lawrie
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.L.)
| | - Lars Jakobsson
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden (M.G.-C., Y.J., Y.W., L.J.)
| | - Helen M Arthur
- From the Biosciences Institute (S.T.-C., R.E.R., E.S., B.D., C.P., H.L., H.M.A.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
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31
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In vivo imaging of TGFβ signalling components using positron emission tomography. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2258-2272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Huang J, Guo P, Moses MA. Rationally Designed Antibody Drug Conjugates Targeting the Breast Cancer-Associated Endothelium. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:2563-2569. [PMID: 33463296 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The promise of antiangiogenic therapy for the treatment of breast cancer has been limited by the inability to selectively disrupt the established tumor vasculature. Here, we report the development of rationally designed antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) that can selectively recognize and attack breast tumor-associated endothelial cells (BTECs), while sparing normal endothelial cells (NECs). We first performed a quantitative and unbiased screening of a panel of cancer-related antigens on human BTECs and identified CD105 as the optimal ADC target on these cells. We then used clinically approved ADC linkers and cytotoxic drugs to engineer two CD105-targeted ADCs: CD105-DM1 and CD105-MMAE and evaluated their in vitro efficacy in human BTECs and NECs. We found that both CD105-DM1 and CD105-MMAE exhibited highly potent and selective cytotoxicity against BTECs with IC50 values of 3.2 and 3.7 nM, respectively, significantly lower than their IC50 values on NECs (8-13 fold). Our proof-of-principle study suggests that CD105-targeted ADCs are promising antiangiogenic agents that have the potential to be used to inhibit the established tumor vasculature of breast tumors in a safe and precise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peng Guo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Marsha A Moses
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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33
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Jouvray M, Launay D, Dubucquoi S, Sobanski V, Podevin C, Lambert M, Morell-Dubois S, Maillard H, Hatron PY, Hachulla E, Giovannelli J. Whole-Body Distribution and Clinical Association of Telangiectases in Systemic Sclerosis. JAMA Dermatol 2019; 154:796-805. [PMID: 29799952 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Importance In systemic sclerosis (SSc), to date, no study has precisely described the total number and fine distribution of telangiectases (TAs), their clinical association with the disease, and the biological mechanisms causing their development. Objectives To describe the whole-body distribution of TAs and assess the association between the whole-body TA number and the characteristics of patients with SSc. Design, Setting, and Participants A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted between July 11, 2016, and March 15, 2017, at the National Referral Centre for Rare Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases in France. A population-based sample of 106 adults who fulfilled the 2013 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for SSc were included; 8 patients who had previously received laser treatment for TAs were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures The number of TAs on the whole body (total and those >5 mm) and TA distribution in different areas were recorded. The association with clinical and biological data was studied using univariate and multivariate linear regression. Results A total of 106 patients (83 [78.3%] women) were enrolled, including 12 with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH). Mean (SD) age was 60.6 (13.5) years. Telangiectasia distribution was 37.2% on the face, 33.2% on the upper limbs, including 26.4% on the hands, 28.1% on the trunk, including 17.1% for the upper part of the trunk, and 1.5% on the lower limbs. In analysis using the multivariate linear regression model, the whole-body TA number was independently associated with male sex (percentage change, 144.4%; 95% CI, 7.5% to 455.9%; P = .03), PH (162.8%; 95% CI, 5.6% to 553.8%; P = .04), history of pulmonary embolism (336.4%; 95% CI, 39.0% to 1270.1%; P = .01), glomerular filtration rate (-1.6%; 95% CI, -3.2% to -0.1% per 1-mL/min/1.73 m2 increase; P = .04), and soluble endoglin level (28.2%; 95% CI, 1.2% to 62.5% per 1-ng/mL increase; P = .04). Receiver operating characteristic analyses assessing the ability of TAs to identify the presence of PH revealed that the area under the curve was significant for the TA number on the whole body (0.77; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.88), on the hands and face (0.81; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.91), and on the hands (95% CI, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.89). Conclusions and Relevance In the patients in this study with SSc, TAs were predominantly located on the face, hands, and the upper part of the trunk. Telangiectases appeared to be associated with vasculopathy features of SSc, particularly with PH and soluble endoglin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Jouvray
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - David Launay
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Sylvain Dubucquoi
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,Institut d'Immunologie, CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Sobanski
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Céline Podevin
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Marc Lambert
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Morell-Dubois
- CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Maillard
- CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Hatron
- CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Eric Hachulla
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
| | - Jonathan Giovannelli
- University Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Inserm, Lille, France.,CHU Lille, Département De Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Lille, France.,Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes et Systémiques Rares du Nord et Nord-Ouest de France, Lille, France
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34
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Wu HW, Sheard MA, Malvar J, Fernandez GE, DeClerck YA, Blavier L, Shimada H, Theuer CP, Sposto R, Seeger RC. Anti-CD105 Antibody Eliminates Tumor Microenvironment Cells and Enhances Anti-GD2 Antibody Immunotherapy of Neuroblastoma with Activated Natural Killer Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:4761-4774. [PMID: 31068371 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We determined whether elimination of CD105+ cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) with anti-CD105 antibodies enhanced anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) antibody dinutuximab therapy of neuroblastoma when combined with activated natural killer (aNK) cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effect of MSCs and monocytes on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by dinutuximab with aNK cells against neuroblastoma cells was determined in vitro. ADCC with anti-CD105 mAb TRC105 and aNK cells against MSCs, monocytes, and endothelial cells, which express CD105, was evaluated. Anti-neuroblastoma activity in immunodeficient NSG mice of dinutuximab with aNK cells without or with anti-CD105 mAbs was determined using neuroblastoma cell lines and a patient-derived xenograft. RESULTS ADCC mediated by dinutuximab with aNK cells against neuroblastoma cells in vitro was suppressed by addition of MSCs and monocytes, and dinutuximab with aNK cells was less effective against neuroblastomas formed with coinjected MSCs and monocytes in NSG mice than against those formed by tumor cells alone. Anti-CD105 antibody TRC105 with aNK cells mediated ADCC against MSCs, monocytes, and endothelial cells. Neuroblastomas formed in NSG mice by two neuroblastoma cell lines or a patient-derived xenograft coinjected with MSCs and monocytes were most effectively treated with dinutuximab and aNK cells when anti-human (TRC105) and anti-mouse (M1043) CD105 antibodies were added, which depleted human MSCs and murine endothelial cells and macrophages from the TME. CONCLUSIONS Immunotherapy of neuroblastoma with anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab and aNK cells is suppressed by CD105+ cells in the TME, but suppression is overcome by adding anti-CD105 antibodies to eliminate CD105+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Wu
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael A Sheard
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - G Esteban Fernandez
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Laurence Blavier
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Richard Sposto
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California. .,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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35
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Nicola T, Kabir FL, Coric T, Wall SB, Zhang W, James M, MacEwen M, Ren C, Halloran B, Ambalavanan N, Harris WT. CFTR dysfunction increases endoglin and TGF-β signaling in airway epithelia. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e13977. [PMID: 30806029 PMCID: PMC6389738 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoglin (ENG) regulates signaling by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a genetic modifier of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease severity. We hypothesized that ENG mediates TGF-β pathobiology in CF airway epithelia. Comparing CF and non-CF human lungs, we measured ENG by qPCR, immunoblotting and ELISA. In human bronchial epithelial cell lines (16HBE), we used CFTR siRNA knockdown and functional inhibition (CFTRINH -172) to connect loss of CFTR to ENG synthesis. Plasmid overexpression of ENG assessed the direct effect of ENG on TGF-β transcription and signal amplification in 16HBE cells. We found ENG protein to be increased more than fivefold both in human CF bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and human CF lung homogenates. ENG transcripts were increased threefold in CF, with a twofold increase in TGF-β signaling. CFTR knockdown in 16HBE cells tripled ENG transcription and doubled protein levels with corresponding increases in TGF-β signaling. Plasmid overexpression of ENG alone nearly doubled TGF-β1 mRNA and increased TGF-β signaling in 16HBE cells. These experiments identify that loss of CFTR function increases ENG expression in CF epithelia and amplifies TGF-β signaling. Targeting ENG may offer a novel therapeutic opportunity to address TGF-β associated pathobiology in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Nicola
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Farruk L. Kabir
- Division of Pediatric PulmonologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Tatjana Coric
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Stephanie B. Wall
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Masheika James
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Mark MacEwen
- Division of Pediatric PulmonologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Changchun Ren
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Brian Halloran
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - Namasivayam Ambalavanan
- Division of NeonatologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
| | - William T. Harris
- Division of Pediatric PulmonologyDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama
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36
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Morii K, Uematsu R, Yamamoto T, Nakamura S, Okushin H, Nishiwaki N, Watanabe T, Kai K, Sato S. Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Patient with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia. Intern Med 2018; 57:3545-3549. [PMID: 30146556 PMCID: PMC6355409 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1056-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A 76-year-old woman with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) showed elevated serum hepatobiliary enzyme levels, and abdominal imaging studies revealed a hepatic tumor. Her serum alpha-fetoprotein level was 759.5 ng/mL. A pathological examination after hepatectomy confirmed a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An examination of the surrounding liver revealed dilated vessels and thickened endothelial cells without inflammations. HHT patients without other risk factors (like this patient) reportedly have a lower incidence of common cancers, including HCC, in comparison to the unaffected population. One intriguing hypothesis that might explain the hepatocarcinogenesis in this situation is the ischemic liver cirrhosis theory, which suggests that chronic ischemia may cause parenchymal strain and promote inappropriate hepatocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Morii
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
| | - Riku Uematsu
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
| | - Takeharu Yamamoto
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Okushin
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishiwaki
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Takanori Watanabe
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
| | - Shiso Sato
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Japan
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37
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Kasprzak A, Adamek A. Role of Endoglin (CD105) in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Anti-Angiogenic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3887. [PMID: 30563158 PMCID: PMC6321450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is perfused by both arterial and venous blood, with a resulting abnormal microenvironment selecting for more-aggressive malignancies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer, the sixth most common cancer globally, and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. HCC is characterized by its hypervascularization. Improving the efficiency of anti-angiogenic treatment and mitigation of anti-angiogenic drug resistance are the top priorities in the development of non-surgical HCC therapies. Endoglin (CD105), a transmembrane glycoprotein, is one of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) co-receptors. Involvement of that protein in angiogenesis of solid tumours is well documented. Endoglin is a marker of activated endothelial cells (ECs), and is preferentially expressed in the angiogenic endothelium of solid tumours, including HCC. HCC is associated with changes in CD105-positive ECs within and around the tumour. The large spectrum of endoglin effects in the liver is cell-type- and HCC- stage-specific. High expression of endoglin in non-tumour tissue suggests that this microenvironment might play an especially important role in the progression of HCC. Evaluation of tissue expression, as well as serum concentrations of this glycoprotein in HCC, tends to confirm its role as an important biomarker in HCC diagnosis and prognosis. The role of endoglin in liver fibrosis and HCC progression also makes it an attractive therapeutic target. Despite these facts, the exact molecular mechanisms of endoglin functioning in hepatocarcinogenesis are still poorly understood. This review summarizes the current data concerning the role and signalling pathways of endoglin in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression, and provides an overview of the strategies available for a specific targeting of CD105 in anti-angiogenic therapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-781, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Adamek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Acquired Immunodeficiencies, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 61-285, Poland.
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38
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Puerto-Camacho P, Amaral AT, Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Menegaz BA, Castillo-Ecija H, Ordóñez JL, Domínguez S, Jordan-Perez C, Diaz-Martin J, Romero-Pérez L, Lopez-Alvarez M, Civantos-Jubera G, Robles-Frías MJ, Biscuola M, Ferrer C, Mora J, Cuglievan B, Schadler K, Seifert O, Kontermann R, Pfizenmaier K, Simón L, Fabre M, Carcaboso ÁM, Ludwig JA, de Álava E. Preclinical Efficacy of Endoglin-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Ewing Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:2228-2240. [PMID: 30420447 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endoglin (ENG; CD105) is a coreceptor of the TGFβ family that is highly expressed in proliferating endothelial cells. Often coopted by cancer cells, ENG can lead to neo-angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry in aggressive malignancies. It exists both as a transmembrane cell surface protein, where it primarily interacts with TGFβ, and as a soluble matricellular protein (sENG) when cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14). High ENG expression has been associated with poor prognosis in Ewing sarcoma, an aggressive bone cancer that primarily occurs in adolescents and young adults. However, the therapeutic value of ENG targeting has not been fully explored in this disease. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We characterized the expression pattern of transmembrane ENG, sENG, and MMP14 in preclinical and clinical samples. Subsequently, the antineoplastic potential of two novel ENG-targeting monoclonal antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), OMTX503 and OMTX703, which differed only by their drug payload (nigrin-b A chain and cytolysin, respectively), was assessed in cell lines and preclinical animal models of Ewing sarcoma. RESULTS Both ADCs suppressed cell proliferation in proportion to the endogenous levels of ENG observed in vitro. Moreover, the ADCs significantly delayed tumor growth in Ewing sarcoma cell line-derived xenografts and patient-derived xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these studies demonstrate potent preclinical activity of first-in-class anti-ENG ADCs as a nascent strategy to eradicate Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Puerto-Camacho
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Teresa Amaral
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Brian A Menegaz
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Helena Castillo-Ecija
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Ordóñez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Jordan-Perez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Diaz-Martin
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Laura Romero-Pérez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Lopez-Alvarez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Gema Civantos-Jubera
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - María José Robles-Frías
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | - Michele Biscuola
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Jaume Mora
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Spain
| | - Branko Cuglievan
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keri Schadler
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ángel M Carcaboso
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph A Ludwig
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Enrique de Álava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Sevilla (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Sevilla/CIBERONC, Seville, Spain.
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Choueiri TK, Michaelson MD, Posadas EM, Sonpavde GP, McDermott DF, Nixon AB, Liu Y, Yuan Z, Seon BK, Walsh M, Jivani MA, Adams BJ, Theuer CP. An Open Label Phase Ib Dose Escalation Study of TRC105 (Anti-Endoglin Antibody) with Axitinib in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Oncologist 2018; 24:202-210. [PMID: 30190302 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TRC105 is an IgG1 endoglin monoclonal antibody that potentiates VEGF inhibitors in preclinical models. We assessed safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of TRC105 in combination with axitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). SUBJECTS, MATERIALS, AND METHODS Heavily pretreated mRCC patients were treated with TRC105 weekly (8 mg/kg and then 10 mg/kg) in combination with axitinib (initially at 5 mg b.i.d. and then escalated per patient tolerance to a maximum of 10 mg b.i.d.) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity using a standard 3 + 3 phase I design. RESULTS Eighteen patients (median number of prior therapies = 3) were treated. TRC105 dose escalation proceeded to 10 mg/kg weekly without dose-limiting toxicity. Adverse event characteristics of each drug were not increased in frequency or severity when the two drugs were administered concurrently. TRC105 and axitinib demonstrated preliminary evidence of activity, including partial responses (PR) by RECIST in 29% of patients, and median progression-free survival (11.3 months). None of the patients with PR had PR to prior first-line treatment. Lower baseline levels of osteopontin and higher baseline levels of TGF-β receptor 3 correlated with overall response rate. CONCLUSION TRC105 at 8 and 10 mg/kg weekly was well tolerated in combination with axitinib, with encouraging evidence of activity in patients with mRCC. A multicenter, randomized phase II trial of TRC105 and axitinib has recently completed enrollment (NCT01806064). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE TRC105 is a monoclonal antibody to endoglin (CD105), a receptor densely expressed on proliferating endothelial cells and also on renal cancer stem cells that is implicated as a mediator of resistance to inhibitors of the VEGF pathway. In this Phase I trial, TRC105 combined safely with axitinib at the recommended single agent doses of each drug in patients with renal cell carcinoma. The combination demonstrated durable activity in a VEGF inhibitor-refractory population and modulated several angiogenic biomarkers. A randomized Phase II trial testing TRC105 in combination with axitinib in clear cell renal cell carcinoma has completed accrual.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guru P Sonpavde
- University of Alabama Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Andrew B Nixon
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhenhua Yuan
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ben K Seon
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Meghara Walsh
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manoj A Jivani
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Bonne J Adams
- TRACON Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
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Chen F, Goel S, Shi S, Barnhart TE, Lan X, Cai W. General synthesis of silica-based yolk/shell hybrid nanomaterials and in vivo tumor vasculature targeting. NANO RESEARCH 2018; 11:4890-4904. [PMID: 30410684 PMCID: PMC6217832 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-018-2078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional yolk/shell-structured hybrid nanomaterials have attracted increasing interest as theranostic nanoplatforms for cancer imaging and therapy. However, because of the lack of suitable surface engineering and tumor targeting strategies, previous research has focused mainly on nanostructure design and synthesis with few successful examples showing active tumor targeting after systemic administration. In this study, we report the general synthetic strategy of chelator-free zirconium-89 (89Zr)-radiolabeled, TRC105 antibody-conjugated, silica-based yolk/shell hybrid nanoparticles for in vivo tumor vasculature targeting. Three types of inorganic nanoparticles with varying morphologies and sizes were selected as the internal cores, which were encapsulated into single hollow mesoporous silica nanoshells to form the yolk/shell-structured hybrid nanoparticles. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated successful surface functionalization of the nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol, TRC105 antibody (specific forCD105/endoglin), and 89Zr (a positron-emitting radioisotope), and enhanced in vivo tumor vasculature-targeted positron emission tomography imaging in 4T1murine breast tumor-bearing mice. This strategy could be applied to the synthesis of other types of yolk/shell theranostic nanoparticles for tumor-targeted imaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Shreya Goel
- Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Todd E. Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Morine KJ, Qiao X, York S, Natov PS, Paruchuri V, Zhang Y, Aronovitz MJ, Karas RH, Kapur NK. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Reduces Cardiac Fibrosis and Improves Cardiac Function in Heart Failure. Circulation 2018; 138:513-526. [PMID: 29487140 PMCID: PMC6111008 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) promotes cardiac fibrosis, but also activates counterregulatory pathways that serve to regulate TGF-β1 activity in heart failure. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a member of the TGFβ family of cytokines and signals via the downstream effector protein Smad1. Endoglin is a TGFβ coreceptor that promotes TGF-β1 signaling via Smad3 and binds BMP9 with high affinity. We hypothesized that BMP9 limits cardiac fibrosis by activating Smad1 and attenuating Smad3, and, furthermore, that neutralizing endoglin activity promotes BMP9 activity. METHODS We examined BMP9 expression and signaling in human cardiac fibroblasts and human subjects with heart failure. We used the transverse aortic constriction-induced model of heart failure to evaluate the functional effect of BMP9 signaling on cardiac remodeling. RESULTS BMP9 expression is increased in the circulation and left ventricle (LV) of human subjects with heart failure and is expressed by cardiac fibroblasts. Next, we observed that BMP9 attenuates type I collagen synthesis in human cardiac fibroblasts using recombinant human BMP9 and a small interfering RNA approach. In BMP9-/- mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction, loss of BMP9 activity promotes cardiac fibrosis, impairs LV function, and increases LV levels of phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad3), not pSmad1. In contrast, treatment of wild-type mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction with recombinant BMP9 limits progression of cardiac fibrosis, improves LV function, enhances myocardial capillary density, and increases LV levels of pSmad1, not pSmad3 in comparison with vehicle-treated controls. Because endoglin binds BMP9 with high affinity, we explored the effect of reduced endoglin activity on BMP9 activity. Neutralizing endoglin activity in human cardiac fibroblasts or in wild-type mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure limits collagen production, increases BMP9 protein levels, and increases levels of pSmad1, not pSmad3. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify a novel functional role for BMP9 as an endogenous inhibitor of cardiac fibrosis attributable to LV pressure overload and further show that treatment with either recombinant BMP9 or disruption of endoglin activity promotes BMP9 activity and limits cardiac fibrosis in heart failure, thereby providing potentially novel therapeutic approaches for patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Morine
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Xiaoying Qiao
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Sam York
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Peter S. Natov
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Vikram Paruchuri
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Yali Zhang
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Mark J. Aronovitz
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Richard H. Karas
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
| | - Navin K. Kapur
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, USA
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Liu Y, Starr MD, Brady JC, Rushing C, Pang H, Adams B, Alvarez D, Theuer CP, Hurwitz HI, Nixon AB. Modulation of Circulating Protein Biomarkers in Cancer Patients Receiving Bevacizumab and the Anti-Endoglin Antibody, TRC105. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2248-2256. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Paauwe M, Schoonderwoerd MJA, Helderman RFCP, Harryvan TJ, Groenewoud A, van Pelt GW, Bor R, Hemmer DM, Versteeg HH, Snaar-Jagalska BE, Theuer CP, Hardwick JCH, Sier CFM, Ten Dijke P, Hawinkels LJAC. Endoglin Expression on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Regulates Invasion and Stimulates Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6331-6344. [PMID: 29945992 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a major component of the colorectal cancer tumor microenvironment. CAFs play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis, partly through TGF-β signaling pathway. We investigated whether the TGF-β family coreceptor endoglin is involved in CAF-mediated invasion and metastasis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CAF-specific endoglin expression was studied in colorectal cancer resection specimens using IHC and related to metastases-free survival. Endoglin-mediated invasion was assessed in vitro by transwell invasion, using primary colorectal cancer-derived CAFs. Effects of CAF-specific endoglin expression on tumor cell invasion were investigated in a colorectal cancer zebrafish model, whereas liver metastases were assessed in a mouse model. RESULTS CAFs specifically at invasive borders of colorectal cancer express endoglin and increased expression intensity correlated with increased disease stage. Endoglin-expressing CAFs were also detected in lymph node and liver metastases, suggesting a role in colorectal cancer metastasis formation. In stage II colorectal cancer, CAF-specific endoglin expression at invasive borders correlated with poor metastasis-free survival. In vitro experiments revealed that endoglin is indispensable for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-9-induced signaling and CAF survival. Targeting endoglin using the neutralizing antibody TRC105 inhibited CAF invasion in vitro. In zebrafish, endoglin-expressing fibroblasts enhanced colorectal tumor cell infiltration into the liver and decreased survival. Finally, CAF-specific endoglin targeting with TRC105 decreased metastatic spread of colorectal cancer cells to the mouse liver. CONCLUSIONS Endoglin-expressing CAFs contribute to colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. TRC105 treatment inhibits CAF invasion and tumor metastasis, indicating an additional target beyond the angiogenic endothelium, possibly contributing to beneficial effects reported during clinical evaluations.See related commentary by Becker and LeBleu, p. 6110.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelon Paauwe
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Thrombosis & Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mark J A Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roxan F C P Helderman
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J Harryvan
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arwin Groenewoud
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gabi W van Pelt
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalie Bor
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle M Hemmer
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Henri H Versteeg
- Department of Thrombosis & Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - James C H Hardwick
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis F M Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas J A C Hawinkels
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. .,Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Singh P, Jenkins LM, Horst B, Alers V, Pradhan S, Kaur P, Srivastava T, Hempel N, Győrffy B, Broude EV, Lee NY, Mythreye K. Inhibin Is a Novel Paracrine Factor for Tumor Angiogenesis and Metastasis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2978-2989. [PMID: 29535220 PMCID: PMC6510404 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Inhibin is a heterodimeric TGFβ family ligand that is expressed in many cancers and is a selective biomarker for ovarian cancers; however, its tumor-specific functions remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the α subunit of inhibin (INHA), which is critical for the functionality of dimeric inhibin A/B, correlates with microvessel density in human ovarian tissues and is predictive of poor clinical outcomes in multiple cancers. We demonstrate that inhibin-regulated angiogenesis is necessary for metastasis. Although inhibin had no direct impact on tumor cell signaling, both tumor cell-derived and recombinant inhibin elicit a strong paracrine response from endothelial cells by triggering SMAD1/5 activation and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo Inhibin-induced angiogenesis was abrogated via anti-inhibin α antibodies. The endothelial-specific TGFβ receptor complex comprising ALK1 and endoglin was a crucial mediator of inhibin signaling, offering a molecular mechanism for inhibin-mediated angiogenesis. These results are the first to define a role for inhibin in tumor metastasis and vascularization and offer an antibody-based approach for targeting inhibin therapeutically.Significance: Inhibin is a predictor of poor patient survival in multiple cancers and is a potential target for antiangiogenic therapies. Cancer Res; 78(11); 2978-89. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Laura M Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Ben Horst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Victoria Alers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Shrikant Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi, South Campus, India
| | | | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, and Semmelweis University 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eugenia V Broude
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nam Y Lee
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Antagonizing CD105 enhances radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:4385-4397. [PMID: 29717261 PMCID: PMC6085281 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is the primary intervention for nearly half of the patients with localized advanced prostate cancer and standard of care for recurrent disease following surgery. The development of radiation-resistant disease is an obstacle for nearly 30–50% of patients undergoing radiotherapy. A better understanding of mechanisms that lead to radiation resistance could aid in the development of sensitizing agents to improve outcome. Here we identified a radiation-resistance pathway mediated by CD105, downstream of BMP and TGF-β signaling. Antagonizing CD105-dependent BMP signaling with a partially humanized monoclonal antibody, TRC105, resulted in a significant reduction in clonogenicity when combined with irradiation. In trying to better understand the mechanism for the radio-sensitization, we found that radiation-induced CD105/BMP signaling was sufficient and necessary for the upregulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in contributing to p53 stabilization and PGC-1α activation. Combining TRC105 with irradiation delayed DNA damage repair compared to irradiation alone. However, in the absence of p53 function, combining TRC105 and radiation resulted in no reduction in clonogenicity compared to radiation alone, despite similar reduction of DNA damage repair observed in p53-intact cells. This suggested DNA damage repair was not the sole determinant of CD105 radio-resistance. As cancer cells undergo an energy deficit following irradiation, due to the demands of DNA and organelle repair, we examined SIRT1’s role on p53 and PGC-1α with respect to glycolysis and mitochondrial biogenesis, respectively. Consequently, blocking the CD105-SIRT1 axis was found to deplete the ATP stores of irradiated cells and cause G2 cell cycle arrest. Xenograft models supported these findings that combining TRC105 with irradiation significantly reduces tumor size over irradiation alone (p value = 10−9). We identified a novel synthetic lethality strategy of combining radiation and CD105 targeting to address the DNA repair and metabolic addiction induced by irradiation in p53-functional prostate cancers.
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Effect of the monoclonal antibody TRC105 in combination with Sunitinib on renal tumor derived endothelial cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22680-22692. [PMID: 29854307 PMCID: PMC5978257 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy is an important strategy to limit growth, development and expansion of solid tumors. However, resistance to VEGF-targeting agents may develop, due to activation of alternative pro-angiogenic pathways, indicating the need of multiple target strategy. Here we obtained tumor endothelial cells (TEC) either from total renal carcinomas or from renal cancer stem cells (CSC-TEC) and we tested the effect of a CD105 targeting monoclonal antibody, TRC105, alone or in association with anti-VEGF drugs. We demonstrated that TRC105 impaired the ability of TEC and CSC-TEC to organize in tubular structures, whereas it did not limit proliferation or survival. The combination of TRC105 with different anti-angiogenic drugs showed a synergistic effect of TRC105 only in combination with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sunitinib. In particular, TRC105 plus Sunitinib reduced tubulogenesis, proliferation and survival of CSC-TEC and tumor-derived TEC in a similar manner. At a molecular level, we showed that the combination of TRC105 and Sunitinib induced the phosphorylation of Smad 2/3 to promote endothelial cell death. Moreover, TRC105 enhanced the inhibitory effect of Sunitinib on VEGF signaling and reduced VEGFR2-Akt-Creb activation, suggesting a molecular cooperation between the two drugs. Our results highlight that the combined inhibition of VEGF and TGF-β pathway may have a potential use in renal cell carcinoma therapy.
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Hu J, Guan W, Liu P, Dai J, Tang K, Xiao H, Qian Y, Sharrow AC, Ye Z, Wu L, Xu H. Endoglin Is Essential for the Maintenance of Self-Renewal and Chemoresistance in Renal Cancer Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 9:464-477. [PMID: 28793246 PMCID: PMC5550272 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a deadly malignancy due to its tendency to metastasize and resistance to chemotherapy. Stem-like tumor cells often confer these aggressive behaviors. We discovered an endoglin (CD105)-expressing subpopulation in human RCC xenografts and patient samples with a greater capability to form spheres in vitro and tumors in mice at low dilutions than parental cells. Knockdown of CD105 by short hairpin RNA and CRISPR/cas9 reduced stemness markers and sphere-formation ability while accelerating senescence in vitro. Importantly, downregulation of CD105 significantly decreased the tumorigenicity and gemcitabine resistance. This loss of stem-like properties can be rescued by CDA, MYC, or NANOG, and CDA might act as a demethylase maintaining MYC and NANOG. In this study, we showed that Endoglin (CD105) expression not only demarcates a cancer stem cell subpopulation but also confers self-renewal ability and contributes to chemoresistance in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Hu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Haibing Xiao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Allison C Sharrow
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lily Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430030, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multiple agents, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors have been approved over the past decade for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Here, we focus on nivolumab, cabozantinib, and lenvatinib plus everolimus, agents that have recently emerged with positive clinical data leading to 'Food and Drug Administration approval or pending approval in mRCC. We also review the development of novel agents of interest showing promise in mRCC as part of combination therapy'. RECENT FINDINGS Nivolumab and cabozantinib both offer improved survival over everolimus in the second-line treatment of mRCC. Lenvatinib plus everolimus has similarly shown encouraging survival benefits in a phase II trial for the second-line setting. Novel combinations in mRCC, including dual immune checkpoint blockade, VEGF and programmed death 1 inhibition, VEGF and vaccine therapy, dual angiogenic blockade, and VEGF-directed therapy with nanoparticle-containing camptothecin have shown promising activity in early-phase trials. SUMMARY Multiple promising agents are available in the treatment of mRCC. The appropriate sequencing of agents in the treatment of mRCC may become further elucidated by future studies that prospectively analyze potential biomarkers to identify patients who will derive the greatest benefit from VEGF, mammalian target of rapamycin, or checkpoint inhibitors.
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Viala M, Vinches M, Alexandre M, Mollevi C, Durigova A, Hayaoui N, Homicsko K, Cuenant A, Gongora C, Gianni L, Tosi D. Strategies for clinical development of monoclonal antibodies beyond first-in-human trials: tested doses and rationale for dose selection. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:679-697. [PMID: 29438365 PMCID: PMC5846071 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous survey on first-in-human trials (FIHT) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) showed that, due to their limited toxicity, the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) was only tentatively defined. METHODS We identified, by MEDLINE search, articles on single-agent trials of mAbs with an FIHT included in our previous survey. For each mAb, we examined tested dose(s) and dose selection rationale in non-FIHTs (NFIHTs). We also assessed the correlation between doses tested in the registration trials (RTs) of all FDA-approved mAbs and the corresponding FIHT results. RESULTS In the 37 dose-escalation NFIHTs, the RP2D indication was still poorly defined. In phase II-III NFIHTs (n=103 on 37 mAbs), the FIHT RP2D was the only dose tested for five mAbs. For 16 mAbs, only doses different from the FIHT RP2D or the maximum administered dose (MAD) were tested and the dose selection rationale infrequently indicated. In the 60 RTs on 27 FDA-approved mAbs with available FIHT, the FIHT RP2D was tested only for two mAbs, and RT doses were much lower than the FIHT MAD. CONCLUSIONS The rationale beyond dose selection in phase II and III trials of mAbs is often unclear in published articles and not based on FIHT data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Viala
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Vinches
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Hayaoui
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Alice Cuenant
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Gongora
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Luca Gianni
- San Raffaele – Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Tosi
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Montpellier, France
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Zhuo H, Zheng B, Liu J, Huang Y, Wang H, Zheng D, Mao N, Meng J, Zhou S, Zhong L, Zhao Y. Efficient targeted tumor imaging and secreted endostatin gene delivery by anti-CD105 immunoliposomes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:42. [PMID: 29499713 PMCID: PMC5833054 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-CD105 mAb-conjugated immunoliposomes, loaded with secreted mouse endostatin gene, were developed for targeted tumor imaging and antiangiogenic gene therapy. METHODS The liposomes were investigated for size, zeta-potential, lipid content, antibody binding ability, and pcDNA loading capacity. The ability of immunoliposomes to target tumor-derived endothelial cells and perform gene transfer in vitro was measured and their basic biocompatibility was evaluated. A nude mouse/breast cancer xenograft model was used to examine the tumor internalization of fluorescent-labeled liposomes and the clinical potential of immnuoliposomes loaded with pcDNA3.1-CSF1-endostatin. RESULTS Loaded immunoliposomes were homogenously distributed with a well-defined spherical shape and bilayer, diameter of 122 ± 11 nm, and zeta potential + 1.40 mV. No significant differences were observed in body weight, liver index, oxidative stress, or liver and kidney function in mice after liposomes exposure. The addition of CD105 mAb to liposomes conferred the ability to target tumor-derived endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Systemic intravenous administration of fluorescent immunoliposomes in the xenograft model resulted in selective and efficient internalization in tumor vasculature. Treatment of mice with pcDNA3.1-CSF1-endostatin-loaded immunoliposomes suppressed tumor growth by 71%. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the advantages of using anti-CD105 mAb-conjugated immunoliposomes to enhance tumor targeting, imaging, and gene transfer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361004, China
| | - Baoshi Zheng
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jianming Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yong Huang
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Naiquan Mao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jinyu Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Liping Zhong
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research/Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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