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Yang T, Chi Y, Wang X, Xu C, Chen X, Liu Y, Huang S, Zhu X, Zhang H, Zhuo H, Wu D. PRL-mediated STAT5B/ARRB2 pathway promotes the progression of prostate cancer through the activation of MAPK signaling. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:128. [PMID: 38341429 PMCID: PMC10858970 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Previous study showed that higher expression of prolactin (PRL) was found in CRPC samples compared with hormone-naive prostate cancer (HNPC) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples. We further investigate the function of PRL in prostate cancer (PCa) and explored its downstream effects. We found heterogeneous expression of the PRLR in clinical prostate samples. The VCaP and 22Rv1 cells exhibited PRLR expression. Among the downstream proteins, STAT5B was the dominant subtype in clinical samples and cell lines. Human recombinant PRL stimulation of PCa cells with PRLR expression resulted in increased phosphorylation of STAT5B(pSTAT5B) and progression of PCa in vitro and in vivo, and STAT5B knockdown can suppress the malignant behavior of PCa. To understand the mechanism further, we performed Bioinformatic analysis, ChIP qPCR, and luciferase reporter gene assay. The results revealed that ARRB2 was the transcription target gene of STAT5B, and higher expression of ARRB2 was related to higher aggression and poorer prognosis of PCa. Additionally, Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that higher expression of ARRB2 was significantly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated elevated pSTAT5B, ARRB2, and pERK1/2 expression levels in CRPC tissues compared to HNPC and BPH. Mechanically, ARRB2 enhanced the activation of the MAPK pathway by binding to ERK1/2, thereby promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (pERK1/2). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PRL stimulation can promote the progression of PCa through STAT5B/ARRB2 pathway and activation of MAPK signaling, which can be suppressed by intervention targeting STAT5B. Blockade of the STAT5B can be a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongnan Chi
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin'an Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengdang Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengsong Huang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyou Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Jiang Y, Chen H, Lin J, Pan J, Shen Y, Li Q. Anti-prolactin treatment alleviates lupus conditions by regulating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:936-943. [PMID: 37727880 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously revealed the role of prolactin (PRL) in antibody production and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. In this study, we sought to determine whether inhibition of PRL could improve lupus-like disease in MRL/lpr mice. METHODS The expression levels of PRL in various cell types of lupus patients were measured by flow cytometry. The effects of anti-PRL on animal survival, renal histopathology, creatinine, proteinuria, anti-dsDNA antibody, cytokine production, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were assessed. The effect of anti-PRL on the Jak2-Stat3 signalling pathway was detected by western blotting. RESULTS Prolactin was upregulated in B cells, neutrophils, CD4+ T cells, and monocytes isolated from patients with lupus. Furthermore, inhibition of PRL by anti-PRL treatment around the time of onset prolonged the survival of MRL/lpr mice, significantly reduced anti-dsDNA antibody production, and alleviated symptoms of lupus nephritis, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. In addition, anti-PRL-treated mice showed a decrease in the levels of pathogenic cytokines such as IL-21 and IL-6. Furthermore, mechanistically, anti-PRL treatment significantly reduced the levels of p-Jak2 and p-Stat3 in MRL/lpr mice. CONCLUSIONS In summary, these data suggest that PRL inhibition alleviates lupus-like disease in MRL/lpr mice by modulating the Jak2-Stat3 signalling cascade. More importantly, our results imply the potential of PRL inhibitors and may provide a novel therapeutic approach for lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huyan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinran Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiewen Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Gastélum-López MDLÁ, Aguilar-Medina M, García Mata C, López-Gutiérrez J, Romero-Quintana G, Bermúdez M, Avendaño-Felix M, López-Camarillo C, Pérez-Plascencia C, Beltrán AS, Ramos-Payán R. Organotypic 3D Cell-Architecture Impacts the Expression Pattern of miRNAs-mRNAs Network in Breast Cancer SKBR3 Cells. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37987362 PMCID: PMC10661268 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, most of the research on breast cancer has been carried out in conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures due to its practical benefits, however, the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is becoming the model of choice in cancer research because it allows cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, mimicking the native microenvironment of tumors in vivo. METHODS In this work, we evaluated the effect of 3D cell organization on the expression pattern of miRNAs (by Small-RNAseq) and mRNAs (by microarrays) in the breast cancer SKBR3 cell line and analyzed the biological processes and signaling pathways regulated by the differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-mRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-microRNAs) found in the organoids. RESULTS We obtained well-defined cell-aggregated organoids with a grape cluster-like morphology with a size up to 9.2 × 105 μm3. The transcriptomic assays showed that cell growth in organoids significantly affected (all p < 0.01) the gene expression patterns of both miRNAs, and mRNAs, finding 20 upregulated and 19 downregulated DE-microRNAs, as well as 49 upregulated and 123 downregulated DE-mRNAs. In silico analysis showed that a subset of 11 upregulated DE-microRNAs target 70 downregulated DE-mRNAs. These genes are involved in 150 gene ontology (GO) biological processes such as regulation of cell morphogenesis, regulation of cell shape, regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway, morphogenesis of epithelium, regulation of cytoskeleton organization, as well as in the MAPK and AGE-RAGE signaling KEGG-pathways. Interestingly, hsa-mir-122-5p (Fold Change (FC) = 15.4), hsa-mir-369-3p (FC = 11.4), and hsa-mir-10b-5p (FC = 20.1) regulated up to 81% of the 70 downregulated DE-mRNAs. CONCLUSION The organotypic 3D cell-organization architecture of breast cancer SKBR3 cells impacts the expression pattern of the miRNAs-mRNAs network mainly through overexpression of hsa-mir-122-5p, hsa-mir-369-3p, and hsa-mir-10b-5p. All these findings suggest that the interaction between cell-cell and cell-ECM as well as the change in the culture architecture impacts gene expression, and, therefore, support the pertinence of migrating breast cancer research from conventional cultures to 3D models.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de los Ángeles Gastélum-López
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Maribel Aguilar-Medina
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Cristina García Mata
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Jorge López-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Geovanni Romero-Quintana
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Mercedes Bermúdez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Av. Escorza No. 900, Centro, Chihuahua 31125, Chihuahua, Mexico;
| | - Mariana Avendaño-Felix
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Postgraduate in Genomic Sciences, Autonomous University of Mexico City, San Lorenzo 290, Col del Valle, Mexico City 03100, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plascencia
- National Cancer Institute, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Sec. 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios S/N, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Adriana S Beltrán
- Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
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Jefferi NES, Shamhari A‘A, Noor Azhar NKZ, Shin JGY, Kharir NAM, Azhar MA, Hamid ZA, Budin SB, Taib IS. The Role of ERα and ERβ in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Current Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030826. [PMID: 36979805 PMCID: PMC10045750 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer, or CRPC, is an aggressive stage of prostate cancer (PCa) in which PCa cells invade nearby or other parts of the body. When a patient with PCa goes through androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the cancer comes back or worsens, this is called CRPC. Instead of androgen-dependent signalling, recent studies show the involvement of the estrogen pathway through the regulation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in CRPC development. Reduced levels of testosterone due to ADT lead to low ERβ functionality in inhibiting the proliferation of PCa cells. Additionally, ERα, which possesses androgen independence, continues to promote the proliferation of PCa cells. The functions of ERα and ERβ in controlling PCa progression have been studied, but further research is needed to elucidate their roles in promoting CRPC. Finding new ways to treat the disease and stop it from becoming worse will require a clear understanding of the molecular processes that can lead to CRPC. The current review summarizes the underlying processes involving ERα and ERβ in developing CRPC, including castration-resistant mechanisms after ADT and available medication modification in mitigating CRPC progression, with the goal of directing future research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Erysha Sabrina Jefferi
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Asma’ ‘Afifah Shamhari
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nur Khayrin Zulaikha Noor Azhar
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Joyce Goh Yi Shin
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nur Annisa Mohd Kharir
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Afiq Azhar
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0603-92897608
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Guo L, Kang Y, Xia D, Ren Y, Yang X, Xiang Y, Tang L, Ren D, Yu J, Wang J, Liang T. Characterization of Immune-Based Molecular Subtypes and Prognostic Model in Prostate Adenocarcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061087. [PMID: 35741849 PMCID: PMC9223199 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), also named prostate cancer, the most common visceral malignancy, is diagnosed in male individuals. Herein, in order to obtain immune-based subtypes, we performed an integrative analysis to characterize molecular subtypes based on immune-related genes, and further discuss the potential features and differences between identified subtypes. Simultaneously, we also construct an immune-based risk model to assess cancer prognosis. Our findings showed that the two subtypes, C1 and C2, could be characterized, and the two subtypes showed different characteristics that could clearly describe the heterogeneity of immune microenvironments. The C2 subtype presented a better survival rate than that in the C1 subtype. Further, we constructed an immune-based prognostic model based on four screened abnormally expressed genes, and they were selected as predictors of the robust prognostic model (AUC = 0.968). Our studies provide reference for characterization of molecular subtypes and immunotherapeutic agents against prostate cancer, and the developed robust and useful immune-based prognostic model can contribute to cancer prognosis and provide reference for the individualized treatment plan and health resource utilization. These findings further promote the development and application of precision medicine in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Yihao Kang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Daoliang Xia
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Yujie Ren
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Xueni Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Yangyang Xiang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Lihua Tang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Dekang Ren
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Jiafeng Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China;
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.K.); (D.X.); (Y.R.); (X.Y.); (Y.X.); (L.T.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Tingming Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (T.L.)
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Oh KK, Adnan M, Cho DH. Network pharmacology-based study to identify the significant pathways of Lentinula edodes against cancer. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14258. [PMID: 35633195 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lentinula edodes (LE) is known as a good food source with potent anticancer efficacy, but its active chemical compounds and pathways against cancer have not been revealed. This study was to uncover the active chemical constituents and pathways of LE against cancer through network pharmacology. The chemical compositions were recognized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and filtered drug-like compounds (DLCs) by SwissADME. Targets related to filtered compounds were recognized by two public databases and the final overlapping targets were identified by Venn diagram. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and pathway-target-compound (PTC) networks were built by RStudio. Ultimately, we recognized the key compounds and targets via molecular docking test (MDT). A total of 33 compounds from LE were accepted by Lipinski's rule were selected as DLCs. The 33 compounds were associated with 108 targets and a key target (cyclooxygenase2 [COX2]) was identified through PPI networks. Most significantly, inactivation of pathways in cancer and activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway were significant pathways of LE. On MDT, we identified a key compound (Indole, 2-methyl-3-phenyl) on COX2 related to inactivation of athways in cancer, additionally, the number of 6 ergostane steroids was associated with the two pathways might be dual efficacy to alleviate inflammation against cancer. Overall, 13 targets, 11 compounds, and 2 key pathways of LE were identified as the significant elements to treat cancer. Hence, this study shows therapeutic evidence to verify the promising clinical effect of LE on cancer, suggesting that LE might be an important mushroom against cancer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Lentinula edodes (LE) has been used widely in cuisine as well as alternative medicines, especially, for anticancer. The LE has rich nutritional compounds including proteins, vitamins, polyphenols, and glucans, however, most of which have a critical hurdle as poor bioavailability not to be applicable for pharmaceuticals. Its main cause is very hydrophilic property. Thus, we adopted GC-MS analysis to identify lipophilic compounds to enhance cell permeability involved in bioavailability. The compounds selected from LE were confirmed by Lipinski's rule for drug-like-compounds (DLCs). Then, we retrieved targets associated with DLCs, and multiple pathways, multiple targets, and multiple compounds against cancer on network-based analysis. In summary, our study reveals the medicinal value of LE on cancer based on the multicomponents. Overall, the aim of this work is to represent the pharmacological evidence to reveal the therapeutic efficacy of AC on cancer, suggesting that DLCs from AC might be alleviators to dampen cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Kwang Oh
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Md Adnan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Ha Cho
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Syam A, Qasim M, Iskandar I, Kadir A. Cortisol, Prolactin, and Breastmilk Volume; A Promising Pattern for Reducing Postpartum Depression. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research shows postnatal depression and shorter breastfeeding are consistently related, but their causal effect remains debatable. To reduce the impact of mental disorders in the perinatal period, lactation may give a significant neuroendocrine effect.
AIM: This study aimed to examine hormonal patterns and estimated breastmilk volume of mothers with depression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted during the three-trimester to 6-week postnatal period. It involved 60 pregnant women from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare and review fluctuations and effect sizes of cortisol, prolactin, and breastmilk volume of mothers with depression symptoms.
RESULTS: The mean cortisol levels rose in the 4th week and decreased in the 6th week in both groups. There was no substantial difference in the cortisol levels between these periods (p = 0.534; p = 0.553; and p = 0.660), but the prolactin levels continuously increased by 2 weeks and substantially progressed in the 4th and 6th weeks (p < 0.028, p < 0.009), respectively. There was no positive association between cortisol and prolactin levels (p = 0.384). The breastmilk volume was higher every week only in mothers without depression and it slightly decreased in other categories. This study emphasized the prolactin’s protective effect size on a stressful environment characterized by high cortisol; a significant rise in prolactin levels occurred in the 2nd and 4th weeks of postnatal, marking the higher lactation.
CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding hormones may provide protection against postpartum depression in moms. It is critical to establish a history of prior trauma in nursing mothers in order to facilitate diagnosis and proper care.
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Abstract
Prolactin coordinates with the ovarian steroids to orchestrate mammary development and lactation, culminating in nourishment and an increasingly appreciated array of other benefits for neonates. Its central activities in mammary epithelial growth and differentiation suggest that it plays a role(s) in breast cancer, but it has been challenging to identify its contributions, essential for incorporation into prevention and treatment approaches. Large prospective epidemiologic studies have linked higher prolactin exposure to increased risk, particularly for ER+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. However, it has been more difficult to determine its actions and clinical consequences in established tumors. Here we review experimental data implicating multiple mechanisms by which prolactin may increase the risk of breast cancer. We then consider the evidence for role(s) of prolactin and its downstream signaling cascades in disease progression and treatment responses, and discuss how new approaches are beginning to illuminate the biology behind the seemingly conflicting epidemiologic and experimental studies of prolactin actions across diverse breast cancers.
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Anderson MG, Zhang Q, Rodriguez LE, Hecquet CM, Donawho CK, Ansell PJ, Reilly EB. ABBV-176, a PRLR antibody drug conjugate with a potent DNA-damaging PBD cytotoxin and enhanced activity with PARP inhibition. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:681. [PMID: 34107902 PMCID: PMC8191021 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolactin receptor (PRLR) is an attractive antibody therapeutic target with expression across a broad population of breast cancers. Antibody efficacy, however, may be limited to subtypes with either PRLR overexpression and/or those where estradiol no longer functions as a mitogen and are, therefore, reliant on PRLR signaling for growth. In contrast a potent PRLR antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) may provide improved therapeutic outcomes extending beyond either PRLR overexpressing or estradiol-insensitive breast cancer populations. METHODS We derived a novel ADC targeting PRLR, ABBV-176, that delivers a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer cytotoxin, an emerging class of warheads with enhanced potency and broader anticancer activity than the clinically validated auristatin or maytansine derivatives. This agent was tested in vitro and in vivo cell lines and patient derived xenograft models. RESULTS In both in vitro and in vivo assays, ABBV-176 exhibits potent cytotoxicity against multiple cell line and patient-derived xenograft breast tumor models, including triple negative and low PRLR expressing models insensitive to monomethyl auristatin (MMAE) based PRLR ADCs. ABBV-176, which cross links DNA and causes DNA breaks by virtue of its PBD warhead, also demonstrates enhanced anti-tumor activity in several breast cancer models when combined with a poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, a potentiator of DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS Collectively the efficacy and safety profile of ABBV-176 suggest it may be an effective therapy across a broad range of breast cancers and other cancer types where PRLR is expressed with the potential to combine with other therapeutics including PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Anderson
- AbbVie Inc., Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064-6099, USA.
| | - Qian Zhang
- AbbVie Inc., Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064-6099, USA
| | - Luis E Rodriguez
- AbbVie Inc., Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064-6099, USA
| | - Claudie M Hecquet
- AbbVie Inc., Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064-6099, USA
| | - Cherrie K Donawho
- Formerly AbbVie, Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Peter J Ansell
- AbbVie Inc., Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064-6099, USA
| | - Edward B Reilly
- AbbVie Inc., Oncology Discovery, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL, 60064-6099, USA
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10
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Chou JC, Lieu FK, Ho DMT, Shen HY, Lin PH, Hu S, Wang SW, Lin H, Wang PS. Regulation of extracellular and intracellular prolactin on cell proliferation and survival rate through GHR/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in NSCLC. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128604. [PMID: 33268090 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Styrene increases serum prolactin (PRL) concentration. Hyperprolactinemia is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients, but the mechanism of PRL action is unclear. The aims of this study were to (i) investigate the mechanism of PRL-action receptor in NSCLC cells (ii) measure whether PRL was secreted by NSCLC cells and its stimulatory mechanism in vitro and in vivo. We found that cell proliferation was increased after treatment of a pharmacological dose of PRL in A549 cells, which through up regulation of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and downstream of JAK2/STAT3/VEGF pathway. All NSCLC cells in the present study secreted PRL and expressed GHR, but not PRLR. Inhibition of GHR protein level led to decrease the PRL-induced cell proliferation. PRL was detected in NSCLC cells culture medium. Knockdown of intracellular PRL downregulated JAK2/STAT3 protein activities and GHR and VEGF protein levels. Furthermore, knockdown of intracellular PRL reduced the cell proliferation and the ability of colony-forming. In lung cancer tissues, PRL, GHR and VEGF levels were higher in the tumor tissues than in normal tissues and the protein expressions of these three proteins are positively correlated, respectively. High expression levels of both PRL and GHR cause a poor survival rate in lung cancer patients. Taken together, our results suggested that extracellular and intracellular PRL were involved in cell proliferation through GHR. Combination of in vitro and in vivo results, GHR and PRL are important targets for suppressing NSCLC cell proliferation, which might improve the survival rate in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jou-Chun Chou
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402204, Taiwan, ROC; Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112401, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Donald Ming-Tak Ho
- Department of Pathology & Lab. Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112401, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Heng-Yi Shen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Han Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sindy Hu
- Anesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333423, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333323, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Anesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333423, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333323, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402204, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Paulus S Wang
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 413305, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201, Taiwan, ROC.
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11
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Yamaguchi M, Erdenebaatar C, Saito F, Honda R, Ohba T, Kyo S, Tashiro H, Katabuchi H. Prolactin Enhances the Proliferation of Proliferative Endometrial Glandular Cells and Endometrial Cancer Cells. J Endocr Soc 2020; 4:bvz029. [PMID: 32083234 PMCID: PMC7025950 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism of endometrial cancer (EC) development in young hyperprolactinemic women, this study assessed the hormonal receptor expression, proliferation, and signaling induced by prolactin in endometrial glands (EG) and EC. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) and estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) in EG were evaluated during the menstrual cycle by immunohistochemistry. The following parameters were compared between EM-E6/E7/TERT cells, which originated from proliferative EG and Ishikawa cells. The expression levels of PRLR, pJAK2 (phosphorylated Janus Activating Kinase 2), its downstream pathways (MAPK, PI3K, and STAT), and ER-α were assessed after adding prolactin by Western blotting. U0126 was used as a MAPK inhibitor. The proliferation caused by estradiol was also examined by MTS assay after adding prolactin. PRLR expression in the EG was significantly higher in the proliferative phase than in the secretory phase, and it was correlated with ER-α expression during the menstrual cycle. After adding prolactin, the expression of pJAK2, PRLR and ER-α was significantly increased in both cell lines, MAPK was activated after adding prolactin in both cell lines, and PI3K and STAT were activated only in EM-E6/E7/TERT cells. The increased proliferation induced by estradiol was enhanced after adding prolactin in both cell lines. All changes caused by prolactin were inhibited in Ishikawa cells pretreated with U0126. Long-term effects of serum prolactin on persistent proliferative endometrium in the presence of estradiol may induce abnormal proliferation of EG in hyperprolactinemic women. Prolactin-PRLR signaling via MAPK may play a crucial role in the progression of EC in hyperprolactinemic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munekage Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chimeddulam Erdenebaatar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ritsuo Honda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University of School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hironori Tashiro
- Department of Woman’s Health Sciences and Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto city, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Katabuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto-City, Kumamoto, Japan
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12
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Tandon M, Coudriet GM, Criscimanna A, Socorro M, Eliliwi M, Singhi AD, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Bailey P, Lotze MT, Zeh H, Hu J, Goffin V, Gittes GK, Biankin AV, Esni F. Prolactin Promotes Fibrosis and Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5316-5327. [PMID: 31395607 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with significant fibrosis. Recent findings have highlighted the profibrotic activity of tissue-resident macrophages in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment. Here, we show that neoplastic pancreatic epithelium, as well as a subset of tissue-resident macrophages, expresses the prolactin-receptor (PRLR). High mobility group box 1-induced prolactin expression in the pancreas maintained FAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation within the epithelium and stroma. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments demonstrated the essential role of prolactin in promoting collagen deposition and fibrosis. Finally, the signaling cascade downstream of prolactin/PRLR activated STAT3 rather than STAT5 in PDAC. These findings suggest that targeting prolactin together with IL6, a known major activator of STAT3, could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treating pancreatic cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Prolactin is a key factor in the cross-talk between the stroma and neoplastic epithelium, functioning to promote fibrosis and PDAC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Tandon
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gina M Coudriet
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Angela Criscimanna
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mairobys Socorro
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mouhanned Eliliwi
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aatur D Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Center, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Herbert Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Hu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Vincent Goffin
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - George K Gittes
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Center, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.,West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Farzad Esni
- Department of Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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13
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Comprehensive analysis of dysregulated lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs with associated ceRNA network in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gene 2019; 696:206-218. [PMID: 30802540 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in tumor biology. To date, some lncRNAs have been found to be involved in competitive binding of miRNAs, a major group of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), through participation in a regulatory network of protein-coding gene expression. However, the functional roles of lncRNA-mediated ceRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have rarely been reported. Here, we construct a hypothetical ceRNA network by analyzing differential expression of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs obtained from 96 ESCC tissues and 13 normal tissues in the Cancer Genome Atlas. Ultimately, 95 lncRNAs, 9 miRNAs, and 40 mRNAs were identified (fold change >1.5, P < .05) and included in the ceRNA network for ESCC. Moreover, three lncRNAs (IGF2-AS, MUC2 and SOX2-OT) were found to be significantly associated with overall survival (log-rank test, P < .05), and further experiments revealed that lncRNA DLX6-AS1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and invasion of esophageal cancer cells by enhancing the endogenous function of mTOR. We believe that the identified ceRNA network can facilitate a better understanding of lncRNA-related mechanisms in ESCC.
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14
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Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs): Potent biopharmaceuticals to target solid and hematological cancers- an overview. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Cheal SM, Ruan S, Veach DR, Longo VA, Punzalan BJ, Wu J, Fung EK, Kelly MP, Kirshner JR, Giurleo JT, Ehrlich G, Han AQ, Thurston G, Olson WC, Zanzonico PB, Larson SM, Carrasquillo JA. ImmunoPET Imaging of Endogenous and Transfected Prolactin Receptor Tumor Xenografts. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2133-2141. [PMID: 29684277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies labeled with positron-emitting isotopes have been used for tumor detection, predicting which patients may respond to tumor antigen-directed therapy, and assessing pharmacodynamic effects of drug interventions. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) is overexpressed in breast and prostate cancers and is a new target for cancer therapy. We evaluated REGN2878, an anti-PRLR monoclonal antibody, as an immunoPET reagent. REGN2878 was labeled with Zr-89 after conjugation with desferrioxamine B or labeled with I-131/I-124. In vitro determination of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of parental REGN2878, DFO-REGN2878, and iodinated REGN2878 was performed by examining the effect of the increasing amounts of these on uptake of trace-labeled I-131 REGN2878. REGN1932, a non-PRLR binding antibody, was used as a control. Imaging and biodistribution studies were performed in mice bearing tumor xenografts with various expression levels of PRLR, including MCF-7, transfected MCF-7/PRLR, PC3, and transfected PC3/PRLR and T4D7v11 cell lines. The specificity of uptake in tumors was evaluated by comparing Zr-89 REGN2878 and REGN1932, and in vivo competition compared Zr-89 REGN2878 uptake in tumor xenografts with and without prior injection of 2 mg of nonradioactive REGN2878. The competition binding assay of DFO-REGN2878 at ratios of 3.53-5.77 DFO per antibody showed IC50 values of 0.4917 and 0.7136 nM, respectively, compared to 0.3455 nM for parental REGN2878 and 0.3343 nM for I-124 REGN2878. Imaging and biodistribution studies showed excellent targeting of Zr-89 REGN2878 in PRLR-positive xenografts at delayed times of 189 h (presented as mean ± 1 SD, percent injected activity per mL (%IA/mL) 74.6 ± 33.8%IA/mL). In contrast, MCF-7/PRLR tumor xenografts showed a low uptake (7.0 ± 2.3%IA/mL) of control Zr-89 REGN1932 and a very low uptake and rapid clearance of I-124 REGN2878 (1.4 ± 0.6%IA/mL). Zr-89 REGN2878 has excellent antigen-specific targeting in various PRLR tumor xenograft models. We estimated, using image-based kinetic modeling, that PRLR antigen has a very rapid in vivo turnover half-life of ∼14 min from the cell membrane. Despite relatively modest estimated tumor PRLR expression numbers, PRLR-expressing cells have shown final retention of the Zr-89 REGN2878 antibody, with an uptake that appeared to be related to PRLR expression. This reagent has the potential to be used in clinical trials targeting PRLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Cheal
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Center for Targeted Radioimmunotherapy and Diagnosis , Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Shutian Ruan
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Center for Targeted Radioimmunotherapy and Diagnosis , Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Darren R Veach
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Valerie A Longo
- Small-Animal Imaging Core Facility , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Blesida J Punzalan
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Edward K Fung
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Department of Medical Physics , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Marcus P Kelly
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Tarrytown , NY 10591 , United States
| | | | - Jason T Giurleo
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Tarrytown , NY 10591 , United States
| | - George Ehrlich
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Tarrytown , NY 10591 , United States
| | - Amy Q Han
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Tarrytown , NY 10591 , United States
| | - Gavin Thurston
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Tarrytown , NY 10591 , United States
| | - William C Olson
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Tarrytown , NY 10591 , United States
| | - Pat B Zanzonico
- Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Small-Animal Imaging Core Facility , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Department of Medical Physics , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Steven M Larson
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Center for Targeted Radioimmunotherapy and Diagnosis , Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Weill Cornell Medical Center , New York , NY 10065 , United States
| | - Jorge A Carrasquillo
- Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program , MSK , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Center for Targeted Radioimmunotherapy and Diagnosis , Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy , New York , NY 10065 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Weill Cornell Medical Center , New York , NY 10065 , United States
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16
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Kavarthapu R, Dufau ML. Essential role of endogenous prolactin and CDK7 in estrogen-induced upregulation of the prolactin receptor in breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27353-27363. [PMID: 28423697 PMCID: PMC5432340 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Our early studies have shown that Estradiol (E2)/Estrogen Receptor α (ER) in a non-DNA dependent manner through complex formation with C/EBPβ/SP1 induced transcriptional activation of the generic hPIII promoter and expression of the Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) receptor in MCF-7 cells. Subsequent studies demonstrated effects of unliganded ERα with requisite participation of endogenous PRL on the activation of PRLR transcription. Also, EGF/ERBB1 in the absence of PRL and E2 effectively induced upregulation of the PRLR. In this study we have delineated the transcriptional mechanism of upregulation of PRLR receptor induced by E2 incorporating knowledge of the various transcriptional upregulation modalities from our previous studies. Here, we demonstrate an essential requirement of STAT5a induced by PRL via PRLR receptor which associates at the promoter and its interaction with phoshoERα S118. Knock-down of PRL by siRNA significantly reduced E2-induced PRLR promoter activity, mRNA and protein expression, recruitment of ERα to the complex at promoter, C/EBPβ association to its DNA site and productive complex formation at hPIII promoter. The specific CDK7 inhibitor (THZ1) that attenuates E2-induced ERα phosphorylation at S118 abrogated E2-induced PRLR promoter activation. Further studies demonstrated that E2 induced cell migration was inhibited by PRL siRNA and THZ1 indicating its dependence on PRL/PRLR and CDK7, respectively. Our studies have demonstrated the essential role of endogenous PRL and CDK7 in the upregulation of PRLR by E2 and provide insights for therapeutic approaches that will mitigate the transcription/expression of PRLR and its participation in breast cancer progression fueled by E2 and PRL via their cognate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuveer Kavarthapu
- Section on Molecular Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Schriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4510, USA
| | - Maria L Dufau
- Section on Molecular Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Schriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4510, USA
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17
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Leehy KA, Truong TH, Mauro LJ, Lange CA. Progesterone receptors (PR) mediate STAT actions: PR and prolactin receptor signaling crosstalk in breast cancer models. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 176:88-93. [PMID: 28442393 PMCID: PMC5653461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen is the major mitogenic stimulus of mammary gland development during puberty wherein ER signaling acts to induce abundant PR expression. PR signaling, in contrast, is the primary driver of mammary epithelial cell proliferation in adulthood. The high circulating levels of progesterone during pregnancy signal through PR, inducing expression of the prolactin receptor (PRLR). Cooperation between PR and prolactin (PRL) signaling, via regulation of downstream components in the PRL signaling pathway including JAKs and STATs, facilitates the alveolar morphogenesis observed during pregnancy. Indeed, these pathways are fully integrated via activation of shared signaling pathways (i.e. JAKs, MAPKs) as well as by the convergence of PRs and STATs at target genes relevant to both mammary gland biology and breast cancer progression (i.e. proliferation, stem cell outgrowth, tissue cell type heterogeneity). Thus, rather than a single mediator such as ER, transcription factor cascades (ER>PR>STATs) are responsible for rapid proliferative and developmental programming in the normal mammary gland. It is not surprising that these same mediators typify uncontrolled proliferation in a majority of breast cancers, where ER and PR are most often co-expressed and may cooperate to drive malignant tumor progression. This review will primarily focus on the integration of PR and PRL signaling in breast cancer models and the importance of this cross-talk in cancer progression in the context of mammographic density. Components of these PR/PRL signaling pathways could offer alternative drug targets and logical complements to anti-ER or anti-estrogen-based endocrine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Leehy
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Thu H Truong
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Laura J Mauro
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Carol A Lange
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
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18
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Goffin V. Prolactin receptor targeting in breast and prostate cancers: New insights into an old challenge. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 179:111-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Cheng P, Wang Z, Hu G, Huang Q, Han M, Huang J. A prognostic 4-gene expression signature for patients with HER2-negative breast cancer receiving taxane and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103327-103339. [PMID: 29262565 PMCID: PMC5732731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases with diverse clinicopathological and molecular features. At present, chemo-resistance still poses a major obstacle to successful treatment of HER-2 negative breast cancer. Reliable biomarkers are urgently needed to accurately predict the therapeutic sensitivity and prognosis of such patients. In this study, we identified 3145 distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) associated genes in 310 patients with HER-2 negative breast cancer receiving taxane and anthracycline-based chemotherapy in the GSE25055 dataset using univariate survival analysis. Four genes (SRPK1, PCCA, PRLR and FBP1) were further selected by a robust likelihood-based survival model. A risk score model was then constructed with the regression coefficients of the four signature genes. Patients in the training set were successfully divided into high- and low-risk groups with significant differences in DRFS between the two groups. The predictive value was further validated in GSE25065 dataset and similar results were observed. Moreover, the 4-gene signature was proved to have superior prognostic power compared with several clinical signatures such as tumor size, lymph node invasion, TNM stage and PAM50 signature. Our findings indicated that the 4-gene signature was a robust prognostic marker with a good prospect of clinical application for HER-2 negative breast cancer patients receiving taxane-anthracycline combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Cheng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoming Hu
- Department of General Surgery (Breast and Thyroid Surgery), Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Runrun Shaw hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Gastroenterology Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Ding K, Yuan Y, Chong QY, Yang Y, Li R, Li X, Kong X, Qian P, Xiong Z, Pandey V, Ma L, Wu Z, Lobie PE, Zhu T. Autocrine Prolactin Stimulates Endometrial Carcinoma Growth and Metastasis and Reduces Sensitivity to Chemotherapy. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1595-1611. [PMID: 28204229 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Advanced and recurrent endometrial carcinoma (EC) exhibits a poor response to chemotherapy and low survival rates. It has been previously reported that human prolactin (hPRL) is upregulated in endometrial cancer and is associated with worse survival outcomes. We provide evidence for the functional role of hPRL in EC progression. We generated a model for the study of autocrine hPRL-mediated cell functional effects through the forced expression of hPRL in human EC cells. Autocrine hPRL expression stimulated cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion of EC cells and promoted tumor growth, local invasion, and metastatic colonization in xenograft models. In addition, forced expression of hPRL decreased sensitivity of EC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs (i.e., doxorubicin and paclitaxel), both in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of hPRL significantly reduced oncogenicity and enhanced the chemosensitivity of EC cells. As CD24 is hPRL-regulated and has been implicated in drug resistance in EC, we further showed that CD24 is a critical mediator of hPRL-stimulated reduced sensitivity to doxorubicin and paclitaxel in EC cells. Therefore, inhibition of hPRL signaling is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of late-stage EC, which can be used in combination with chemotherapy to improve the chemotherapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuo Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Yulu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Rui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiaoni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zirui Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Division of Life Sciences and Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhengsheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Division of Life Sciences and Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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Kelly MP, Hickey C, Makonnen S, Coetzee S, Jalal S, Wang Y, Delfino F, Shan J, Potocky TB, Chatterjee I, Andreev J, Kunz A, D'Souza C, Giurleo JT, Nittoli T, Trail PA, Thurston G, Kirshner JR. Preclinical Activity of the Novel Anti-Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) Antibody-Drug Conjugate REGN2878-DM1 in PRLR-Positive Breast Cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1299-1311. [PMID: 28377489 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) is a type 1 cytokine receptor that is expressed in a subset of breast cancers and may contribute to its pathogenesis. It is relatively overexpressed in approximately 25% of human breast tumors while expressed at low levels in some normal human tissues including the mammary gland. We developed an anti-PRLR antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), to target PRLR-positive breast cancer. REGN2878-DM1 is comprised of a fully human high-affinity function-blocking anti-PRLR IgG1 antibody (REGN2878) conjugated via a noncleavable SMCC linker to the cytotoxic maytansine derivative DM1. Both unconjugated REGN2878 and conjugated REGN2878-DM1 block PRL-mediated activation in vitro and are rapidly internalized into lysosomes. REGN2878-DM1 induces potent cell-cycle arrest and cytotoxicity in PRLR-expressing tumor cell lines. In vivo, REGN2878-DM1 demonstrated significant antigen-specific antitumor activity against breast cancer xenograft models. In addition, REGN2878-DM1 showed additive activity when combined with the antiestrogen agent fulvestrant. These results illustrate promising antitumor activity against PRLR-positive breast cancer xenografts and support the evaluation of anti-PRLR ADCs as potential therapeutic agents in breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1299-311. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Hickey
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | - Sumreen Jalal
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Yu Wang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Frank Delfino
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Jing Shan
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | | | - Arthur Kunz
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
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Prolactin/androgen-inducible carboxypeptidase-D increases with nitrotyrosine and Ki67 for breast cancer progression in vivo, and upregulates progression markers VEGF-C and Runx2 in vitro. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 164:27-40. [PMID: 28364216 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Carboxypeptidase-D (CPD) cleaves C-terminal arginine (Arg) to produce nitric oxide (NO). Upregulation of CPD and NO by 17β-estradiol, prolactin (PRL), and androgen increases survival of human breast cancer (BCa) cells in vitro. To demonstrate similar events in vivo, CPD, nitrotyrosine (NT, hallmark of NO action), androgen receptor (AR), prolactin receptor (PRLR), and phospho-Stat5a (for activated PRLR) levels were evaluated in benign and malignant human breast tissues, and correlated with cell proliferation (Ki67) and BCa progression (Cullin-3) biomarkers. METHODS Paraffin-embedded breast tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). BCa progression markers in human MCF-7 and T47D BCa cell lines treated with NO donor SIN-1 or PRL, ±CPD inhibitors were analyzed by RT-qPCR and immunoblotting. RESULTS IHC showed progressive increases in CPD, NT, Ki67, and Cullin-3 from low levels in benign tissues to high levels in ductal carcinoma in situ, low-grade, high-grade, and triple-negative BCa. CPD and NT staining were closely associated, implicating CPD in NO production. Phospho-Stat5a increased significantly from benign to high-grade BCa and was mostly nuclear. AR and PRLR were abundant in benign breast and BCa, including triple-negative tumors. SIN-1 and PRL increased VEGF-C and Runx2, but not Cullin-3, in BCa cell lines. PRL induction of VEGF-C and Runx2 was inhibited partly by CPD inhibitors, implicating NO, produced by PRL-regulated CPD, in BCa progression. CONCLUSIONS The CPD-Arg-NO pathway contributes to BCa progression in vitro and in vivo. PRL/androgen activation of the pathway support combined AR and PRLR blockade as an additional therapy for BCa.
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Seidlova-Wuttke D, Wuttke W. The premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual mastodynia, fibrocystic mastopathy and infertility have often common roots: effects of extracts of chasteberry (Vitex agnus castus) as a solution. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-016-0038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Andreev J, Thambi N, Perez Bay AE, Delfino F, Martin J, Kelly MP, Kirshner JR, Rafique A, Kunz A, Nittoli T, MacDonald D, Daly C, Olson W, Thurston G. Bispecific Antibodies and Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs) Bridging HER2 and Prolactin Receptor Improve Efficacy of HER2 ADCs. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:681-693. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Barcus CE, O'Leary KA, Brockman JL, Rugowski DE, Liu Y, Garcia N, Yu M, Keely PJ, Eliceiri KW, Schuler LA. Elevated collagen-I augments tumor progressive signals, intravasation and metastasis of prolactin-induced estrogen receptor alpha positive mammary tumor cells. Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:9. [PMID: 28103936 PMCID: PMC5244528 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development and progression of estrogen receptor alpha positive (ERα+) breast cancer has been linked epidemiologically to prolactin. However, activation of the canonical mediator of prolactin, STAT5, is associated with more differentiated cancers and better prognoses. We have reported that density/stiffness of the extracellular matrix potently modulates the repertoire of prolactin signals in human ERα + breast cancer cells in vitro: stiff matrices shift the balance from the Janus kinase (JAK)2/STAT5 cascade toward pro-tumor progressive extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signals, driving invasion. However, the consequences for behavior of ERα + cancers in vivo are not known. Methods In order to investigate the importance of matrix density/stiffness in progression of ERα + cancers, we examined tumor development and progression following orthotopic transplantation of two clonal green fluorescent protein (GFP) + ERα + tumor cell lines derived from prolactin-induced tumors to 8-week-old wild-type FVB/N (WT) or collagen-dense (col1a1tm1Jae/+) female mice. The latter express a mutant non-cleavable allele of collagen 1a1 “knocked-in” to the col1a1 gene locus, permitting COL1A1 accumulation. We evaluated the effect of the collagen environment on tumor progression by examining circulating tumor cells and lung metastases, activated signaling pathways by immunohistochemistry analysis and immunoblotting, and collagen structure by second harmonic generation microscopy. Results ERα + primary tumors did not differ in growth rate, histologic type, ERα, or prolactin receptor (PRLR) expression between col1a1tm1Jae/+ and WT recipients. However, the col1a1tm1Jae/+ environment significantly increased circulating tumor cells and the number and size of lung metastases at end stage. Tumors in col1a1tm1Jae/+ recipients displayed reduced STAT5 activation, and higher phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT. Moreover, intratumoral collagen fibers in col1a1tm1Jae/+ recipients were aligned with tumor projections into the adjacent fat pad, perpendicular to the bulk of the tumor, in contrast to the collagen fibers wrapped around the more uniformly expansive tumors in WT recipients. Conclusions A collagen-dense extracellular matrix can potently interact with hormonal signals to drive metastasis of ERα + breast cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-017-0801-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig E Barcus
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kathleen A O'Leary
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer L Brockman
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Debra E Rugowski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuming Liu
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nancy Garcia
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Menggang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Patricia J Keely
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Linda A Schuler
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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Hachim IY, Shams A, Lebrun JJ, Ali S. A favorable role of prolactin in human breast cancer reveals novel pathway-based gene signatures indicative of tumor differentiation and favorable patient outcome. Hum Pathol 2016; 53:142-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hetzl AC, Montico F, Kido LA, Cagnon VHA. Prolactin, EGFR, vimentin and α-actin profiles in elderly rat prostate subjected to steroid hormonal imbalance. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:189-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pedraz-Cuesta E, Fredsted J, Jensen HH, Bornebusch A, Nejsum LN, Kragelund BB, Pedersen SF. Prolactin Signaling Stimulates Invasion via Na(+)/H(+) Exchanger NHE1 in T47D Human Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:693-708. [PMID: 27176613 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) and its receptor (PRLR) are implicated in breast cancer invasiveness, although their exact roles remain controversial. The Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE1) plays essential roles in cancer cell motility and invasiveness, but the PRLR and NHE1 have not previously been linked. Here we show that in T47D human breast cancer cells, which express high levels of PRLR and NHE1, exposure to PRL led to the activation of Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (STAT5), Akt, and ERK1/2 signaling and the rapid formation of peripheral membrane ruffles, known to be associated with cell motility. NHE1 was present in small ruffles prior to PRL treatment and was further recruited to the larger, more dynamic ruffles induced by PRL exposure. In PRL-induced ruffles, NHE1 colocalized with activated Akt, ERK1/2, and the ERK effector p90Ribosomal S kinase (p90RSK), known regulators of NHE1 activity. Stimulation of T47D cells with PRL augmented p90RSK activation, Ser703-phosphorylation of NHE1, NHE1-dependent intracellular pH recovery, pericellular acidification, and NHE1-dependent invasiveness. NHE1 activity and localization to ruffles were attenuated by the inhibition of Akt and/or ERK1/2. In contrast, noncancerous MCF10A breast epithelial cells expressed NHE1 and PRLR at lower levels than T47D cells, and their stimulation with PRL induced neither NHE1 activation nor NHE1-dependent invasiveness. In conclusion, we show for the first time that PRLR activation stimulates breast cancer cell invasiveness via the activation of NHE1. We propose that PRL-induced NHE1 activation and the resulting NHE1-dependent invasiveness may contribute to the metastatic behavior of human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pedraz-Cuesta
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jacob Fredsted
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Helene H Jensen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Annika Bornebusch
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stine F Pedersen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology (E.P.-C., J.F., A.B., S.F.P.), Department of Biology, and Structural Biology and NMR laboratory (B.B.K.), Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (H.H.J.) and Department of Clinical Medicine and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (H.H.J., L.N.N.), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Agarwal N, Machiels JP, Suárez C, Lewis N, Higgins M, Wisinski K, Awada A, Maur M, Stein M, Hwang A, Mosher R, Wasserman E, Wu G, Zhang H, Zieba R, Elmeliegy M. Phase I Study of the Prolactin Receptor Antagonist LFA102 in Metastatic Breast and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Oncologist 2016; 21:535-6. [PMID: 27091421 PMCID: PMC4861370 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED Despite evidence for a role for prolactin signaling in breast and prostate tumorigenesis, a prolactin receptor-binding monoclonal antibody has not produced clinical efficacy.Increased serum prolactin levels may be a biomarker for prolactin receptor inhibition.Results from the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics (PD) studies suggest that inappropriately long dosing intervals and insufficient exposure to LFA102 may have resulted in lack of antitumor efficacy.Based on preclinical data, combination therapy of LFA102 with those novel agents targeting hormonal pathways in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and metastatic breast cancer is promising.Given the PD evidence of prolactin receptor blockade by LFA102, this drug has the potential to be used in conditions such as hyperprolactinemia that are associated with high prolactin levels. BACKGROUND Prolactin receptor (PRLR) signaling is implicated in breast and prostate cancer. LFA102, a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds to and inhibits the PRLR, has exhibited promising preclinical antitumor activity. METHODS Patients with PRLR-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) or metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) received doses of LFA102 at 3-60 mg/kg intravenously once every 4 weeks. Objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended dose for expansion (RDE) to investigate the safety/tolerability of LFA102 and to assess pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and antitumor activity. RESULTS A total of 73 patients were enrolled at 5 dose levels. The MTD was not reached because of lack of dose-limiting toxicities. The RDE was established at 60 mg/kg based on PK and PD analysis and safety data. The most common all-cause adverse events (AEs) were fatigue (44%) and nausea (33%) regardless of relationship. Grade 3/4 AEs reported to be related to LFA102 occurred in 4% of patients. LFA102 exposure increased approximately dose proportionally across the doses tested. Serum prolactin levels increased in response to LFA102 administration, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for PRLR inhibition. No antitumor activity was detected. CONCLUSION Treatment with LFA102 was safe and well tolerated, but did not show antitumor activity as monotherapy at the doses tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jean-Pascal Machiels
- Roi Albert II Institute, Medical Oncology Service, University Clinic Saint Luc and Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (Pôle Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy & Oncology), Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cristina Suárez
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nancy Lewis
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michaela Higgins
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kari Wisinski
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Michela Maur
- Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Respiratory Disease, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Mark Stein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Andy Hwang
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Gang Wu
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hefei Zhang
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Renata Zieba
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
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30
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Thomas LN, Merrimen J, Bell DG, Rendon R, Too CKL. Prolactin- and testosterone-induced carboxypeptidase-D correlates with increased nitrotyrosines and Ki67 in prostate cancer. Prostate 2015. [PMID: 26202060 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carboxypeptidase-D (CPD) cleaves C-terminal arginine for conversion to nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Prolactin (PRL) and androgens stimulate CPD gene transcription and expression, which increases intracellular production of NO to promote viability of prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro. The current study evaluated whether hormonal upregulation of CPD and NO promote PCa cell viabilty in vivo, by correlating changes in expression of CPD and nitrotyrosine residues (products of NO action) with proliferation marker Ki67 and associated proteins during PCa development and progression. METHODS Fresh prostate tissues, obtained from 40 men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or PCa, were flash-frozen at the time of surgery and used for RT-qPCR analysis of CPD, androgen receptor (AR), PRL receptor (PRLR), eNOS, and Ki67 levels. Archival paraffin-embedded tissues from 113 men with BPH or PCa were used for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of CPD, nitrotyrosines, phospho-Stat5 (for activated PRLR), AR, eNOS/iNOS, and Ki67. RESULTS RT-qPCR and IHC analyses showed strong AR and PRLR expression in benign and malignant prostates. CPD mRNA levels increased ∼threefold in PCa compared to BPH, which corresponded to a twofold increase in Ki67 mRNA levels. IHC analysis showed a progressive increase in CPD from 11.4 ± 2.1% in benign to 21.8 ± 3.2% in low-grade (P = 0.007), 40.7 ± 4.0% in high-grade (P < 0.0001) and 50.0 ± 9.5% in castration-recurrent PCa (P < 0.0001). Immunostaining for nitrotyrosines and Ki67 mirrored these increases during PCa progression. CPD, nitrotyrosines, and Ki67 tended to co-localize, as did phospho-Stat5. CONCLUSIONS CPD, nitrotyrosine, and Ki67 levels were higher in PCa than in benign and tended to co-localize, along with phospho-Stat5. The strong correlation in expression of these proteins in benign and malignant prostate tissues, combined with abundant AR and PRLR, supports in vitro evidence that the CPD-Arg-NO pathway is involved in the regulation of PCa cell proliferation. It further highlights a role for PRL in the development and progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn N Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jennifer Merrimen
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - David G Bell
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ricardo Rendon
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Catherine K L Too
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Goffin V, Touraine P. The prolactin receptor as a therapeutic target in human diseases: browsing new potential indications. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1229-44. [PMID: 26063597 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1053209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prolactin (PRL) signaling has emerged as a relevant target in breast and prostate cancers. This has encouraged various laboratories to develop compounds targeting the PRL receptor (PRLR). As the latter is widely distributed, it is timely to address whether other conditions could also benefit from such inhibitors. AREAS COVERED The authors briefly overview the two classes of PRLR blockers, which involve: i) PRL-core based analogs that have been validated as competitive antagonists in various preclinical models, and ii) anti-PRLR neutralizing antibodies that are currently in clinical Phase I for advanced breast and prostate cancers. The main purpose of this review is to discuss the multiple organs/diseases that may be considered as potential targets/indications for such inhibitors. This is done in light of reports suggesting that PRLR expression/signaling is increased in disease, and/or that systemic or locally elevated PRL levels correlate with (or promote) organ pathogenesis. EXPERT OPINION The two immediate challenges in the field are i) to provide the scientific community with potent anti-prolactin receptor antibodies to map prolactin receptor expression in target organs, and ii) to take advantage of the availability of functionally validated PRLR blockers to establish the relevance of these potential indications in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Goffin
- Research Director at Inserm, Head of the 'PRL/GH Pathophysiology: Translational Approaches' Laboratory,University Paris Descartes, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm Unit 1151, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes , Bâtiment Leriche, 14 Rue Maria Helena Vieira Da Silva, CS61431, 75993 Paris Cedex 14 , France +33 1 72 60 63 68 +33 1 72 60 64 01 ;
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Abstract
Prolactin is a hormone that is mainly secreted by lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland, and is involved in many biological processes including lactation and reproduction. Animal models have provided insights into the biology of prolactin proteins and offer compelling evidence that the different prolactin isoforms each have independent biological functions. The major isoform, 23 kDa prolactin, acts via its membrane receptor, the prolactin receptor (PRL-R), which is a member of the haematopoietic cytokine superfamily and for which the mechanism of activation has been deciphered. The 16 kDa prolactin isoform is a cleavage product derived from native prolactin, which has received particular attention as a result of its newly described inhibitory effects on angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The discovery of multiple extrapituitary sites of prolactin secretion also increases the range of known functions of this hormone. This Review summarizes current knowledge of the biology of prolactin and its receptor, as well as its physiological and pathological roles. We focus on the role of prolactin in human pathophysiology, particularly the discovery of the mechanism underlying infertility associated with hyperprolactinaemia and the identification of the first mutation in human PRLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Bernard
- Inserm U1185, 63 rue Gabriel Péri, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Young
- Hôpital Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, 78 rue du Général Leclerc 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Chanson
- Hôpital Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, 78 rue du Général Leclerc 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
| | - Nadine Binart
- Inserm U1185, 63 rue Gabriel Péri, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
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Greenlee MM, Mitzelfelt JD, Duke BJ, Al-Khalili O, Bao HF, Eaton DC. Prolactin stimulates sodium and chloride ion channels in A6 renal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 308:F697-705. [PMID: 25587116 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00270.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many hormonal pathways contribute to the regulation of renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) function, a key process for maintaining blood volume and controlling blood pressure. In the present study, we examined whether the peptide hormone prolactin (PRL) regulates ENaC function in renal epithelial cells (A6). Basolateral application of several different concentrations of PRL dramatically stimulated the transepithelial current in A6 cells, increasing both amiloride-sensitive (ENaC) and amiloride-insensitive currents. Using cell-attached patch clamp, we determined that PRL increased both the number (N) and open probability (Po) of ENaC present in the apical membrane. Inhibition of PKA with H-89 abolished the effect of PRL on amiloride-sensitive and insensitive transepithelial currents and eliminated the increase in ENaC NPo with PRL exposure. PRL also increased cAMP in A6 cells, consistent with signaling through the cAMP-dependent PKA pathway. We also identified that PRL induced activity of a 2-pS anion channel with outward rectification, electrophysiological properties consistent with ClC4 or ClC5. RT-PCR only detected ClC4, but not ClC5 transcripts. Here, we show for the first time that PRL activates sodium and chloride transport in renal epithelial cells via ENaC and ClC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Greenlee
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Billie Jeanne Duke
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Otor Al-Khalili
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hui-Fang Bao
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Douglas C Eaton
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Prolactin-Induced Prostate Tumorigenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 846:221-42. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12114-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sackmann-Sala L, Chiche A, Mosquera-Garrote N, Boutillon F, Cordier C, Pourmir I, Pascual-Mathey L, Kessal K, Pigat N, Camparo P, Goffin V. Prolactin-Induced Prostate Tumorigenesis Links Sustained Stat5 Signaling with the Amplification of Basal/Stem Cells and Emergence of Putative Luminal Progenitors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:3105-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Yang N, Liu C, Peck AR, Girondo MA, Yanac AF, Tran TH, Utama FE, Tanaka T, Freydin B, Chervoneva I, Hyslop T, Kovatich AJ, Hooke JA, Shriver CD, Rui H. Prolactin-Stat5 signaling in breast cancer is potently disrupted by acidosis within the tumor microenvironment. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 15:R73. [PMID: 24004716 PMCID: PMC3978581 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging evidence in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer supports the notion that prolactin-Stat5 signaling promotes survival and maintenance of differentiated luminal cells, and loss of nuclear tyrosine phosphorylated Stat5 (Nuc-pYStat5) in clinical breast cancer is associated with increased risk of antiestrogen therapy failure. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying loss of Nuc-pYStat5 in breast cancer remain poorly defined. METHODS We investigated whether moderate extracellular acidosis of pH 6.5 to 6.9 frequently observed in breast cancer inhibits prolactin-Stat5 signaling, using in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches combined with quantitative immunofluorescence protein analyses to interrogate archival breast cancer specimens. RESULTS Moderate acidosis at pH 6.8 potently disrupted signaling by receptors for prolactin but not epidermal growth factor, oncostatin M, IGF1, FGF or growth hormone. In breast cancer specimens there was mutually exclusive expression of Nuc-pYStat5 and GLUT1, a glucose transporter upregulated in glycolysis-dependent carcinoma cells and an indirect marker of lactacidosis. Mutually exclusive expression of GLUT1 and Nuc-pYStat5 occurred globally or regionally within tumors, consistent with global or regional acidosis. All prolactin-induced signals and transcripts were suppressed by acidosis, and the acidosis effect was rapid and immediately reversible, supporting a mechanism of acidosis disruption of prolactin binding to receptor. T47D breast cancer xenotransplants in mice displayed variable acidosis (pH 6.5 to 6.9) and tumor regions with elevated GLUT1 displayed resistance to exogenous prolactin despite unaltered levels of prolactin receptors and Stat5. CONCLUSIONS Moderate extracellular acidosis effectively blocks prolactin signaling in breast cancer. We propose that acidosis-induced prolactin resistance represents a previously unrecognized mechanism by which breast cancer cells may escape homeostatic control.
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Herrera VL, Ponce LR, Ruiz-Opazo N. Multiple susceptibility loci for radiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis in F2[Dahl S x R]-intercross rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72143. [PMID: 23967281 PMCID: PMC3743793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although two major breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified accounting for 20% of breast cancer genetic risk, identification of other susceptibility genes accounting for 80% risk remains a challenge due to the complex, multi-factorial nature of breast cancer. Complexity derives from multiple genetic determinants, permutations of gene-environment interactions, along with presumptive low-penetrance of breast cancer predisposing genes, and genetic heterogeneity of human populations. As with other complex diseases, dissection of genetic determinants in animal models provides key insight since genetic heterogeneity and environmental factors can be experimentally controlled, thus facilitating the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL). We therefore, performed the first genome-wide scan for loci contributing to radiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis in female F2-(Dahl S x R)-intercross rats. Tumorigenesis was measured as tumor burden index (TBI) after induction of rat mammary tumors at forty days of age via 127Cs-radiation. We observed a spectrum of tumor latency, size-progression, and pathology from poorly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma to fibroadenoma, indicating major effects of gene-environment interactions. We identified two mammary tumorigenesis susceptibility quantitative trait loci (Mts-QTLs) with significant linkage: Mts-1 on chromosome-9 (LOD-2.98) and Mts-2 on chromosome-1 (LOD-2.61), as well as two Mts-QTLs with suggestive linkage: Mts-3 on chromosome-5 (LOD-1.93) and Mts-4 on chromosome-18 (LOD-1.54). Interestingly, Chr9-Mts-1, Chr5-Mts-3 and Chr18-Mts-4 QTLs are unique to irradiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis, while Chr1-Mts-2 QTL overlaps with a mammary cancer susceptibility QTL (Mcs 3) reported for 7,12-dimethylbenz-[α]antracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis in F2[COP x Wistar-Furth]-intercross rats. Altogether, our results suggest at least three distinct susceptibility QTLs for irradiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis not detected in genetic studies of chemically-induced and hormone-induced mammary tumorigenesis. While more study is needed to identify the specific Mts-gene variants, elucidation of specific variant(s) could establish causal gene pathways involved in mammary tumorigenesis in humans, and hence novel pathways for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Herrera
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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