1
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Qi X. Advances in antitumour therapy with oncolytic herpes simplex virus combinations. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:302. [PMID: 39046631 PMCID: PMC11269532 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic Virus (OVs) is an emerging approach to tumour immunity that allows the use of natural or genetically modified viruses to specifically infect and lyse tumour cells without damaging normal cells. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) is one of the more widely researched and applied OVs in the field of oncology, which can directly kill tumour cells to promote anti-tumour immune responses. oHSV is one of the few viruses with good antiviral drugs, so oHSV is also more clinically safe. In recent years, in addition to monotherapy of oHSV in tumours, more and more studies have been devoted to exploring the anti-tumour effects of oHSV in combination with other therapeutic approaches. In this article we describe the progress of oHSV combination therapy against tumours in the nervous system, digestive system, reproductive system and other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Qi
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.
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2
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Kiaheyrati N, Babaei A, Ranji R, Bahadoran E, Taheri S, Farokhpour Z. Cancer therapy with the viral and bacterial pathogens: The past enemies can be considered the present allies. Life Sci 2024; 349:122734. [PMID: 38788973 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide despite significant advancements in cancer treatment. Many difficulties have arisen as a result of the detrimental consequences of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as a common cancer therapy, such as drug inability to penetrate deep tumor tissue, and also the drug resistance in tumor cells continues to be a major concern. These obstacles have increased the need for the development of new techniques that are more selective and effective against cancer cells. Bacterial-based therapies and the use of oncolytic viruses can suppress cancer in comparison to other cancer medications. The tumor microenvironment is susceptible to bacterial accumulation and proliferation, which can trigger immune responses against the tumor. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have also gained considerable attention in recent years because of their potential capability to selectively target and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest literature on the role of bacteria and viruses in cancer treatment, discusses the limitations and challenges, outlines various strategies, summarizes recent preclinical and clinical trials, and emphasizes the importance of optimizing current strategies for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Kiaheyrati
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Abouzar Babaei
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Reza Ranji
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shiva Taheri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Farokhpour
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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3
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Fleishman JS, Wang Y, Wang J, Chen J, Li Y, Wang H. Cuproptosis: A novel therapeutic target for overcoming cancer drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101018. [PMID: 37979442 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a newly identified form of cell death driven by copper. Recently, the role of copper and copper triggered cell death in the pathogenesis of cancers have attracted attentions. Cuproptosis has garnered enormous interest in cancer research communities because of its great potential for cancer therapy. Copper-based treatment exerts an inhibiting role in tumor growth and may open the door for the treatment of chemotherapy-insensitive tumors. In this review, we provide a critical analysis on copper homeostasis and the role of copper dysregulation in the development and progression of cancers. Then the core molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis and its role in cancer is discussed, followed by summarizing the current understanding of copper-based agents (copper chelators, copper ionophores, and copper complexes-based dynamic therapy) for cancer treatment. Additionally, we summarize the emerging data on copper complexes-based agents and copper ionophores to subdue tumor chemotherapy resistance in different types of cancers. We also review the small-molecule compounds and nanoparticles (NPs) that may kill cancer cells by inducing cuproptosis, which will shed new light on the development of anticancer drugs through inducing cuproptosis in the future. Finally, the important concepts and pressing questions of cuproptosis in future research that should be focused on were discussed. This review article suggests that targeting cuproptosis could be a novel antitumor therapy and treatment strategy to overcome cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Yongming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Junjing Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Huhhot First Hospital, Huhhot 010030, PR China
| | - Yihui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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4
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Yang S, Song Y, Hu Y, Chen H, Yang D, Song X. Multifaceted Roles of Copper Ions in Anticancer Nanomedicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300410. [PMID: 37027332 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The significantly increased copper level in tumor tissues and serum indicates the close association of copper ions with tumor development, making copper ions attractive targets in the development of novel tumor treatment methods. The advanced nanotechnology developed in the past decades provides great potential for tumor therapy, among which Cu-based nanotherapeutic systems have received greater attention. Herein, the multifaceted roles of copper ions in cancer progression are summarized and the recent advances in the copper-based nanostructures or nanomedicines for different kinds of tumor therapies including copper depletion therapy, copper-based cytotoxins, copper-ion-based chemodynamic therapy and its combination with other treatments, and copper-ion-induced ferroptosis and cuproptosis activation are discussed. Furthermore, the perspectives for the further development of copper-ion-based nanomedicines for tumor therapy and clinic translation are presented by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550009, P. R. China
| | - Yingnan Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550009, P. R. China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Hu
- Nanjing Polytechnic Institute, 210048, Nanjing, China
| | - HongJin Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550009, P. R. China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 211816, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuejiao Song
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 211816, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, China
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5
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Wang X, Shen Y, Wan X, Hu X, Cai WQ, Wu Z, Xin Q, Liu X, Gui J, Xin HY, Xin HW. Oncolytic virotherapy evolved into the fourth generation as tumor immunotherapy. J Transl Med 2023; 21:500. [PMID: 37491263 PMCID: PMC10369732 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a promising anti-tumor modality that utilizes oncolytic viruses (OVs) to preferentially attack cancers rather than normal tissues. With the understanding particularly in the characteristics of viruses and tumor cells, numerous innovative OVs have been engineered to conquer cancers, such as Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC) and tasadenoturev (DNX-2401). However, the therapeutic safety and efficacy must be further optimized and balanced to ensure the superior safe and efficient OVT in clinics, and reasonable combination therapy strategies are also important challenges worthy to be explored. MAIN BODY Here we provided a critical review of the development history and status of OVT, emphasizing the mechanisms of enhancing both safety and efficacy. We propose that oncolytic virotherapy has evolved into the fourth generation as tumor immunotherapy. Particularly, to arouse T cells by designing OVs expressing bi-specific T cell activator (BiTA) is a promising strategy of killing two birds with one stone. Amazing combination of therapeutic strategies of OVs and immune cells confers immense potential for managing cancers. Moreover, the attractive preclinical OVT addressed recently, and the OVT in clinical trials were systematically reviewed. CONCLUSION OVs, which are advancing into clinical trials, are being envisioned as the frontier clinical anti-tumor agents coming soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
| | - Yihua Shen
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Xingxia Wan
- College of Arts and Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Xinzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (Xinzhou), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Zijun Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Xin
- School of Graduate Students, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Jingang Gui
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Hong-Yi Xin
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong, 524400, China.
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, 524400, China.
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
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6
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Intraventricular immunovirotherapy; a translational step forward. Oncotarget 2023; 14:40-43. [PMID: 36634220 PMCID: PMC9836381 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy with intratumoral engineered type-1 herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been proven safe with promising efficacy in recent clinical trials for treatment of both pediatric and adult high-grade glioma. However, this approach excludes patients with tumors in surgically inaccessible and/or eloquent brain regions. Current delivery methods are also unable to access/treat those patients with metastatic disease in the spinal cord and/or leptomeningeal disease. A recent preclinical study has paved the way for clinical translation of intraventricular administration of oHSV by identifying and mitigating the toxicity associated with this route for therapeutic benefit in murine models of disseminated medulloblastoma. This work may ultimately allow for targeting of intractable disease and provides a feasible option for the repetitive dosing of clinically relevant immunovirotherapy, G207.
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7
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Kang KD, Bernstock JD, Totsch SK, Gary SE, Rocco A, Nan L, Li R, Etminan T, Han X, Beierle EA, Eisemann T, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Bae S, Whitley R, Yancey Gillespie G, Markert JM, Friedman GK. Safety and Efficacy of Intraventricular Immunovirotherapy with Oncolytic HSV-1 for CNS Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:5419-5430. [PMID: 36239623 PMCID: PMC9771977 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oncolytic virotherapy with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) has shown promise for the treatment of pediatric and adult brain tumors; however, completed and ongoing clinical trials have utilized intratumoral/peritumoral oncolytic HSV (oHSV) inoculation due to intraventricular/intrathecal toxicity concerns. Intratumoral delivery requires an invasive neurosurgical procedure, limits repeat injections, and precludes direct targeting of metastatic and leptomeningeal disease. To address these limitations, we determined causes of toxicity from intraventricular oHSV and established methods for mitigating toxicity to treat disseminated brain tumors in mice. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN HSV-sensitive CBA/J mice received intraventricular vehicle, inactivated oHSV, or treatment doses (1×107 plaque-forming units) of oHSV, and toxicity was assessed by weight loss and IHC. Protective strategies to reduce oHSV toxicity, including intraventricular low-dose oHSV or interferon inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) prior to oHSV treatment dose, were evaluated and then utilized to assess intraventricular oHSV treatment of multiple models of disseminated CNS disease. RESULTS A standard treatment dose of intraventricular oHSV damaged ependymal cells via virus replication and induction of CD8+ T cells, whereas vehicle or inactivated virus resulted in no toxicity. Subsequent doses of intraventricular oHSV caused little additional toxicity. Interferon induction with phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) via intraventricular pretreatment with low-dose oHSV or poly I:C mitigated ependyma toxicity. This approach enabled the safe delivery of multiple treatment doses of clinically relevant oHSV G207 and prolonged survival in disseminated brain tumor models. CONCLUSIONS Toxicity from intraventricular oHSV can be mitigated, resulting in therapeutic benefit. These data support the clinical translation of intraventricular G207.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Don Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joshua D. Bernstock
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard University; Boston, MA, USA,Corresponding authors: Joshua D.
Bernstock MD, PhD, MPH, Department of Neurosurgery
- Harvard Medical School,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Hale
Building
- 60 Fenwood Road
- Boston, MA 02115, USA, P: 914.419.7749
- F:
617.713.3050
- ; Gregory K. Friedman,
MD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave
S, Lowder 512, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA, P: 205.638.9285
- F: 205.975.1941
| | - Stacie K. Totsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sam E. Gary
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama
at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Abbey Rocco
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Li Nan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pathology, Children’s of Alabama;
Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tina Etminan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xiaosi Han
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology,
University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Tanja Eisemann
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; La
Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Sejong Bae
- Department of Medicine, Division of Preventative Medicine,
University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Richard Whitley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases,
University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - G. Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at
Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James M. Markert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at
Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gregory K. Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology
and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at
Birmingham; Birmingham, AL, USA,Corresponding authors: Joshua D.
Bernstock MD, PhD, MPH, Department of Neurosurgery
- Harvard Medical School,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Hale
Building
- 60 Fenwood Road
- Boston, MA 02115, USA, P: 914.419.7749
- F:
617.713.3050
- ; Gregory K. Friedman,
MD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave
S, Lowder 512, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA, P: 205.638.9285
- F: 205.975.1941
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8
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Su Y, Zhang X, Li S, Xie W, Guo J. Emerging roles of the copper-CTR1 axis in tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1339-1353. [PMID: 35604085 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physiological roles of copper in metabolic homeostasis have been well established, however, whether and how copper is dysregulated in tumors and contributes to tumorigenesis are not recapitulated. Here, we comprehensively summarize the potential origins of copper accumulation in diseases especially in cancers by dysregulating copper transporter 1 (CTR1) or ATPase copper transporting alpha/beta (ATP7A/B) and further demonstrate the underlying mechanism of copper contributing to tumorigenesis. Specifically, in addition to modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), angiogenesis, immune response, and metabolic homeostasis, copper recently has drawn more attention by directly binding to oncoproteins such as MEK, ULK, Memo, and PDK1 to activate distinct oncogenic signals and account for tumorigenesis. In the end, we disclose the emerging applications of copper in cancer diagnosis and highlight the promising strategies to target the copper-CTR1 axis for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Su
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, guangzhou, guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- The First Affiliatd Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, guangzhou, guangdong, China
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9
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Li S, Wang X, Chen J, Guo J, Yuan M, Wan G, Yan C, Li W, Machens HG, Rinkevich Y, Yang X, Song H, Chen Z. Calcium ion cross-linked sodium alginate hydrogels containing deferoxamine and copper nanoparticles for diabetic wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:657-670. [PMID: 35066024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic non-healing diabetic wounds and ulcers can be fatal, lead to amputations, and remain a major challenge to medical, and health care sectors. Susceptibility to infection and impaired angiogenesis are two central reasons for the clinical consequences associated with chronic non-healing diabetic wounds. Herein, we successfully developed calcium ion (Ca2+) cross-linked sodium alginate (SA) hydrogels with both pro-angiogenesis and antibacterial properties. Our results demonstrated that deferoxamine (DFO) and copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) worked synergistically to enhance the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical venous endothelial cells in vitro. Results of colony formation assay indicated Cu-NPs were effective against E. coli and S. aureus in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. An SA hydrogel containing both DFO and Cu-NPs (SA-DFO/Cu) was prepared using a Ca2+ cross-linking method. Cytotoxicity assay and colony formation assay indicated that the hydrogel exhibited beneficial biocompatible and antibacterial properties in vitro. Furthermore, SA-DFO/Cu significantly accelerated diabetic wound healing, improved angiogenesis and reduced long-lasting inflammation in a mouse model of diabetic wound. Mechanistically, DFO and Cu-NPs synergistically stimulated the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor in vivo. Given the pro-angiogenesis, antibacterial and healing properties, the hydrogel possesses high potential for clinical application in refractory wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Chemistry & Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiahe Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gui Wan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hans-Günther Machens
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Yuval Rinkevich
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Heng Song
- College of Chemistry & Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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10
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Hong B, Sahu U, Mullarkey MP, Kaur B. Replication and Spread of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus in Solid Tumors. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010118. [PMID: 35062322 PMCID: PMC8778098 DOI: 10.3390/v14010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) is a highly promising treatment for solid tumors. Intense research and development efforts have led to first-in-class approval for an oHSV for melanoma, but barriers to this promising therapy still exist that limit efficacy. The process of infection, replication and transmission of oHSV in solid tumors is key to obtaining a good lytic destruction of infected cancer cells to kill tumor cells and release tumor antigens that can prime anti-tumor efficacy. Intracellular tumor cell signaling and tumor stromal cells present multiple barriers that resist oHSV activity. Here, we provide a review focused on oncolytic HSV and the essential viral genes that allow for virus replication and spread in order to gain insight into how manipulation of these pathways can be exploited to potentiate oHSV infection and replication among tumor cells.
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11
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Michniewicz F, Saletta F, Rouaen JRC, Hewavisenti RV, Mercatelli D, Cirillo G, Giorgi FM, Trahair T, Ziegler D, Vittorio O. Copper: An Intracellular Achilles' Heel Allowing the Targeting of Epigenetics, Kinase Pathways, and Cell Metabolism in Cancer Therapeutics. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2315-2329. [PMID: 33890721 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential transition metal frequently increased in cancer known to strongly influence essential cellular processes. Targeted therapy protocols utilizing both novel and repurposed drug agents initially demonstrate strong efficacy, before failing in advanced cancers as drug resistance develops and relapse occurs. Overcoming this limitation involves the development of strategies and protocols aimed at a wider targeting of the underlying molecular changes. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase signaling pathways, epigenetic mechanisms and cell metabolism are among the most common therapeutic targets, with molecular investigations increasingly demonstrating the strong influence each mechanism exerts on the others. Interestingly, all these mechanisms can be influenced by intracellular copper. We propose that copper chelating agents, already in clinical trial for multiple cancers, may simultaneously target these mechanisms across a wide variety of cancers, serving as an excellent candidate for targeted combination therapy. This review summarizes the known links between these mechanisms, copper, and copper chelation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Michniewicz
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Federica Saletta
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jourdin R C Rouaen
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rehana V Hewavisenti
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniele Mercatelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Toby Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - David Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Orazio Vittorio
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Baldari S, Di Rocco G, Toietta G. Current Biomedical Use of Copper Chelation Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1069. [PMID: 32041110 PMCID: PMC7037088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential microelement that plays an important role in a wide variety of biological processes. Copper concentration has to be finely regulated, as any imbalance in its homeostasis can induce abnormalities. In particular, excess copper plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of the genetic disease Wilson's syndrome, in neurological and neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, in diabetes, and in several forms of cancer. Copper chelating agents are among the most promising tools to keep copper concentration at physiological levels. In this review, we focus on the most relevant compounds experimentally and clinically evaluated for their ability to counteract copper homeostasis deregulation. In particular, we provide a general overview of the main disorders characterized by a pathological increase in copper levels, summarizing the principal copper chelating therapies adopted in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Baldari
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (G.D.R.)
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giuliana Di Rocco
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (G.D.R.)
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13
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McCormack RM, Kaur B. Immune therapy, a double-edged sword for oncolytic viruses. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 19:1111-1113. [PMID: 31382785 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1650911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M McCormack
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , TX , USA
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Shao
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Jingxing Si
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceClinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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15
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Complex role of NK cells in regulation of oncolytic virus-bortezomib therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:4927-4932. [PMID: 29686060 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715295115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we investigated the role of natural killer (NK) cells in combination therapy with oncolytic virus (OV) and bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor. NK cells display rapid and potent immunity to metastatic and hematological cancers, and they overcome immunosuppressive effects of tumor microenvironment. We developed a mathematical model to address the question of how the density of NK cells affects the growth of the tumor. We found that the antitumor efficacy increases when the endogenous NKs are depleted and also when exogenous NK cells are injected into the tumor. These predictions were validated by our in vivo and in vitro experiments.
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16
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Currier MA, Sprague L, Rizvi TA, Nartker B, Chen CY, Wang PY, Hutzen BJ, Franczek MR, Patel AV, Chaney KE, Streby KA, Ecsedy JA, Conner J, Ratner N, Cripe TP. Aurora A kinase inhibition enhances oncolytic herpes virotherapy through cytotoxic synergy and innate cellular immune modulation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17412-17427. [PMID: 28147331 PMCID: PMC5392259 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) and neuroblastoma models respond to the investigational small molecule Aurora A kinase inhibitor, alisertib. We previously reported that MPNST and neuroblastomas are also susceptible to oncolytic herpes virus (oHSV) therapy. Herein, we show that combination of alisertib and HSV1716, a virus derived from HSV-1 and attenuated by deletion of RL1, exhibits significantly increased antitumor efficacy compared to either monotherapy. Alisertib and HSV1716 reduced tumor growth and increased survival in two xenograft models of MPNST and neuroblastoma. We found the enhanced antitumor effect was due to multiple mechanisms that likely each contribute to the combination effect. First, oncolytic herpes virus increased the sensitivity of uninfected cells to alisertib cytotoxicity, a process we term virus-induced therapeutic adjuvant (VITA). Second, alisertib increased peak virus production and slowed virus clearance from tumors, both likely a consequence of it preventing virus-mediated increase of intratumoral NK cells. We also found that alisertib inhibited virus-induced accumulation of intratumoral myeloid derived suppressor cells, which normally are protumorigenic. Our data suggest that clinical trials of the combination of oHSV and alisertib are warranted in patients with neuroblastoma or MPNST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Currier
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Les Sprague
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tilat A Rizvi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Brooke Nartker
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pin-Yi Wang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian J Hutzen
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Meghan R Franczek
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ami V Patel
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Katherine E Chaney
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Keri A Streby
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Joe Conner
- Virttu Biologics, Ltd, Biocity, Scotland, Newhouse, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy P Cripe
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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17
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Sanchala DS, Bhatt LK, Prabhavalkar KS. Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viral Therapy: A Stride toward Selective Targeting of Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:270. [PMID: 28559846 PMCID: PMC5432606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viral therapy, which makes use of replication-competent lytic viruses, has emerged as a promising modality to treat malignancies. It has shown meaningful outcomes in both solid tumor and hematologic malignancies. Advancements during the last decade, mainly genetic engineering of oncolytic viruses have resulted in improved specificity and efficacy of oncolytic viruses in cancer therapeutics. Oncolytic viral therapy for treating cancer with herpes simplex virus-1 has been of particular interest owing to its range of benefits like: (a) large genome and power to infiltrate in the tumor, (b) easy access to manipulation with the flexibility to insert multiple transgenes, (c) infecting majority of the malignant cell types with quick replication in the infected cells and (d) as Anti-HSV agent to terminate HSV replication. This review provides an exhaustive list of oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 along with their genetic alterations. It also encompasses the major developments in oncolytic herpes simplex-1 viral therapy and outlines the limitations and drawbacks of oncolytic herpes simplex viral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lokesh K. Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W)Mumbai, India
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18
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Yoo JY, Jaime-Ramirez AC, Bolyard C, Dai H, Nallanagulagari T, Wojton J, Hurwitz BS, Relation T, Lee TJ, Lotze MT, Yu JG, Zhang J, Croce CM, Yu J, Caligiuri MA, Old M, Kaur B. Bortezomib Treatment Sensitizes Oncolytic HSV-1-Treated Tumors to NK Cell Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5265-5276. [PMID: 27390350 PMCID: PMC5093037 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Both the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and an oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (oHSV)-expressing GM-CSF are currently FDA approved. Although proteasome blockade can increase oHSV replication, immunologic consequences, and consequent immunotherapy potential are unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of bortezomib combined with oHSV on tumor cell death and sensitivity to natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Western blot, flow cytometry, and caspase 3/7 activity assays were used to evaluate the induction of apoptosis/autophagy and/or necroptotic cell death. Cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using CellROX and MitoSOX. Inhibitors/shRNA-targeting ROS, JNK and RIP1 kinase (RIPK1) were used to investigate the mechanism of cell killing. The synergistic interaction between oHSV and bortezomib was calculated using a Chou-Talalay analysis. NK cells isolated from normal human blood were co-cultured with tumor cells to evaluate cellular interactions. Q-PCR, ELISA, and FACS analysis were used to evaluate NK cell activation. Intracranial tumor xenografts were used to evaluate antitumor efficacy. RESULTS Combination treatment with bortezomib- and oHSV-induced necroptotic cell death and increased the production of mitochondrial ROS and JNK phosphorylation. Inhibitors/shRNA of RIPK1 and JNK rescued synergistic cell killing. Combination treatment also significantly enhanced NK cell activation and adjuvant NK cell therapy of mice treated with bortezomib and oHSV improved antitumor efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a significant rationale for triple combination therapy with bortezomib, oHSV, and NK cells to improve efficacy, in glioblastoma patients. Clin Cancer Res; 22(21); 5265-76. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Suryadevara et al., p. 5164.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Alena Cristina Jaime-Ramirez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chelsea Bolyard
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hongsheng Dai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tejaswini Nallanagulagari
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey Wojton
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Neuroscience Graduate Studies Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Brian S Hurwitz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Science Major, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Theresa Relation
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jun-Ge Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew Old
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
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19
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Copper transporters and chaperones: Their function on angiogenesis and cellular signalling. J Biosci 2016; 41:487-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and antiangiogenic activity of copper(II) complexes with 1-adamantoyl hydrazone bearing pyridine rings. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 115:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Lee TJ, Haque F, Shu D, Yoo JY, Li H, Yokel RA, Horbinski C, Kim TH, Kim SH, Kwon CH, Nakano I, Kaur B, Guo P, Croce CM. RNA nanoparticle as a vector for targeted siRNA delivery into glioblastoma mouse model. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14766-76. [PMID: 25885522 PMCID: PMC4558114 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic siRNA administration to target and treat glioblastoma, one of the most deadly cancers, requires robust and efficient delivery platform without immunogenicity. Here we report newly emerged multivalent naked RNA nanoparticle (RNP) based on pRNA 3-way-junction (3WJ) from bacteriophage phi29 to target glioblastoma cells with folate (FA) ligand and deliver siRNA for gene silencing. Systemically injected FA-pRNA-3WJ RNPs successfully targeted and delivered siRNA into brain tumor cells in mice, and efficiently reduced luciferase reporter gene expression (4-fold lower than control). The FA-pRNA-3WJ RNP also can target human patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells, thought to be responsible for tumor initiation and deadly recurrence, without accumulation in adjacent normal brain cells, nor other major internal organs. This study provides possible application of pRNA-3WJ RNP for specific delivery of therapeutics such as siRNA, microRNA and/or chemotherapeutic drugs into glioblastoma cells without inflicting collateral damage to healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Farzin Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Robert A Yokel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tae Hyong Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,ProteomeTech Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chang-Hyuk Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Neurosciences Research Program, Aurora Health Care Inc., Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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22
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Malhotra A, Sendilnathan A, Old MO, Wise-Draper TM. Oncolytic virotherapy for head and neck cancer: current research and future developments. Oncolytic Virother 2015; 4:83-93. [PMID: 27512673 PMCID: PMC4918384 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s54503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Despite recent advancements in surgical, chemotherapy, and radiation treatments, HNC remains a highly morbid and fatal disease. Unlike many other cancers, local control rather than systemic control is important for HNC survival. Therefore, novel local therapy in addition to systemic therapy is urgently needed. Oncolytic virotherapy holds promise in this regard as viruses can be injected intratumorally as well as intravenously with excellent safety profiles. This review will discuss the recent advancements in oncolytic virotherapy, highlighting some of the most promising candidates and modifications to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshiv Malhotra
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Arun Sendilnathan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew O Old
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Trisha M Wise-Draper
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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23
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ATN-224 enhances antitumor efficacy of oncolytic herpes virus against both local and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2015; 2:15008. [PMID: 27119105 PMCID: PMC4782961 DOI: 10.1038/mto.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide, and the 5-year survival rates are among the worst of the major cancers. Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSV) have the potential to make a significant impact in the targeted treatment of these patients. Here, we tested antitumor efficacy of RAMBO, an oHSV armed with the antiangiogenic Vstat120, alone and in conjunction with ATN-224, a copper chelator against HNSCC in vitro and in vivo animal models. We found that all tested HNSCC cells responded well to virus treatment and were sensitive to RAMBO-mediated oncolytic destruction. In vivo, RAMBO had a significant antiangiogenic and antitumorigenic effect. Physiologic levels of copper inhibited viral replication and HNSCC cell killing. Chelation of copper using ATN-224 treatment significantly improved serum stability of RAMBO and permitted systemic delivery in HNSCC tumor xenografts models. Furthermore, our results show that the combination of ATN-224 and RAMBO strongly inhibits lung metastases in a mouse model of HNSCC. These findings suggest that combining ATN-224 with RAMBO has potential for clinical trials in both early and advanced HNSCC patients.
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24
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Kanai R, Rabkin SD. Combinatorial strategies for oncolytic herpes simplex virus therapy of brain tumors. CNS Oncol 2015; 2:129-42. [PMID: 23687568 DOI: 10.2217/cns.12.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses, such as the oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), are an exciting new therapeutic strategy for cancer as they are replication competent in tumor cells but not normal cells. In order to engender herpes simplex virus with oncolytic activity and make it safe for clinical application, mutations are engineered into the virus. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and deadly primary brain tumor in adults. Despite many advances in therapy, overall survival has not been substantially improved over the last several decades. A number of different oHSVs have been tested as monotherapy in early-phase clinical trials for GBM and have demonstrated safety and anecdotal evidence of efficacy. However, strategies to improve efficacy are likely to be necessary to successfully treat GBM. Cancer treatment usually involves multimodal approaches, so the standard of care for GBM includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In preclinical GBM models, combinations of oHSV with other types of therapy have exhibited markedly improved activity over individual treatments alone. In this review, we will discuss the various combination strategies that have been employed with oHSV, including chemotherapy, small-molecule inhibitors, antiangiogenic agents, radiotherapy and expression of therapeutic transgenes. Effective combinations, especially synergistic ones, are clinically important not just for improved efficacy but also to permit lower and less-toxic doses and potentially overcome resistance.
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25
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Fu Y, Yang Y, Zhou S, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Li S, Li C. Ciprofloxacin containing Mannich base and its copper complex induce antitumor activity via different mechanism of action. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:2092-100. [PMID: 25174498 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mannich base containing ciprofloxacin and kojic acid structural units was prepared and evaluated in antitumor activity. The enhancement in antitumor activity was observed both from the Mannich base (IC(50): 103.3±5.0 µM for HepG2, 87.9±8.0 µM for HCT-116 cell) and its copper complex (IC(50): 11.5±1.8 µM for HepG2, 44.4±2.5 µM for HCT-116 cell) compared to the ciprofloxacin and kojic acid. The mechanistic studies via RT-PCR, cell cycle analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential measurement, inhibition of topoisomerase and molecular docking indicated that there is a different molecular mechanism between the Mannich base and its copper complex. The cytotoxicity of the Mannich base was involved in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane and weaker topoisomerase II inhibition, but the copper complex exerted its cytotoxicity mainly through dual topoisomerase inhibition, especially stabilizing the intermediate of cleavage DNA-topoisomerase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yingli Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Sufeng Zhou
- Clinical Skill Training Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Youxun Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Yuan
- Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Changzheng Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
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Ning J, Wakimoto H. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus-based strategies: toward a breakthrough in glioblastoma therapy. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:303. [PMID: 24999342 PMCID: PMC4064532 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OV) are a class of antitumor agents that selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) has been investigated in clinical trials for patients with the malignant brain tumor glioblastoma for more than a decade. These clinical studies have shown the safety of oHSV administration to the human brain, however, therapeutic efficacy of oHSV as a single treatment remains unsatisfactory. Factors that could hamper the anti-glioblastoma efficacy of oHSV include: attenuated potency of oHSV due to deletion or mutation of viral genes involved in virulence, restricting viral replication and spread within the tumor; suboptimal oHSV delivery associated with intratumoral injection; virus infection-induced inflammatory and cellular immune responses which could inhibit oHSV replication and promote its clearance; lack of effective incorporation of oHSV into standard-of-care, and poor knowledge about the ability of oHSV to target glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). In an attempt to address these issues, recent research efforts have been directed at: (1) design of new engineered viruses to enhance potency, (2) better understanding of the role of the cellular immunity elicited by oHSV infection of tumors, (3) combinatorial strategies with different antitumor agents with a mechanistic rationale, (4) “armed” viruses expressing therapeutic transgenes, (5) use of GSC-derived models in oHSV evaluation, and (6) combinations of these. In this review, we will describe the current status of oHSV clinical trials for glioblastoma, and discuss recent research advances and future directions toward successful oHSV-based therapy of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
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Thorne AH, Meisen WH, Russell L, Yoo JY, Bolyard CM, Lathia JD, Rich J, Puduvalli VK, Mao H, Yu J, Caligiuri MA, Tridandapani S, Kaur B. Role of cysteine-rich 61 protein (CCN1) in macrophage-mediated oncolytic herpes simplex virus clearance. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1678-87. [PMID: 24895995 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a devastating disease, and there is an urgent need to develop novel therapies, such as oncolytic HSV1 (OV) to effectively target tumor cells. OV therapy depends on tumor-specific replication leading to destruction of neoplastic tissues. Host responses that curtail virus replication limit its efficacy in vivo. We have previously shown that cysteine-rich 61 protein (CCN1) activates a type 1 IFN antiviral defense response in glioblastoma cells. Incorporating TCGA data, we found CCN1 expression to be a negative prognostic factor for glioblastoma patients. Based on this, we used neutralizing antibodies against CCN1 to investigate its effect on OV therapy. Use of an anti-CCN1 antibody in mice bearing glioblastomas treated with OV led to enhanced virus expression along with reduced immune cell infiltration. OV-induced CCN1 increases macrophage migration toward infected glioblastoma cells by directly binding macrophages and also by enhancing the proinflammatory activation of macrophages inducing MCP-1 expression in glioblastoma cells. Activation of macrophages by CCN1 also increases viral clearance. Neutralization of integrin αMβ2 reversed CCN1-induced macrophage activation and migration, and reduced MCP-1 expression by glioblastoma cells. Our findings reveal that CCN1 plays a novel role in pathogen clearance; increasing macrophage infiltration and activation resulting in increased virus clearance in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Haseley Thorne
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Walter H Meisen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Luke Russell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chelsea M Bolyard
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeremy Rich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hsiaoyin Mao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Susheela Tridandapani
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Roviello GN, Roviello G, Musumeci D, Capasso D, Di Gaetano S, Costanzo M, Pedone C. Synthesis and supramolecular assembly of 1,3-bis(1′-uracilyl)-2-propanone. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03713h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Santini C, Pellei M, Gandin V, Porchia M, Tisato F, Marzano C. Advances in Copper Complexes as Anticancer Agents. Chem Rev 2013; 114:815-62. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400135x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1128] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santini
- Scuola
di Scienze e Tecnologie−Sez. Chimica, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Maura Pellei
- Scuola
di Scienze e Tecnologie−Sez. Chimica, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, via Marzolo
5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Marzano
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, via Marzolo
5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Meisen WH, Kaur B. How can we trick the immune system into overcoming the detrimental effects of oncolytic viral therapy to treat glioblastoma? Expert Rev Neurother 2013; 13:341-3. [PMID: 23545048 DOI: 10.1586/ern.13.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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N-acetylcysteine amide augments the therapeutic effect of neural stem cell-based antiglioma oncolytic virotherapy. Mol Ther 2013; 21:2063-73. [PMID: 23883863 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research has evaluated the intrinsic tumor-tropic properties of stem cell carriers for targeted anticancer therapy. Our laboratory has been extensively studying in the preclinical setting, the role of neural stem cells (NSCs) as delivery vehicles of CRAd-S-pk7, a gliomatropic oncolytic adenovirus (OV). However, the mediated toxicity of therapeutic payloads, such as oncolytic adenoviruses, toward cell carriers has significantly limited this targeted delivery approach. Following this rationale, in this study, we assessed the role of a novel antioxidant thiol, N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA), to prevent OV-mediated toxicity toward NSC carriers in an orthotropic glioma xenograft mouse model. Our results show that the combination of NACA and CRAd-S-pk7 not only increases the viability of these cell carriers by preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced apoptosis of NSCs, but also improves the production of viral progeny in HB1.F3.CD NSCs. In an intracranial xenograft mouse model, the combination treatment of NACA and NSCs loaded with CRAd-S-pk7 showed enhanced CRAd-S-pk7 production and distribution in malignant tissues, which improves the therapeutic efficacy of NSC-based targeted antiglioma oncolytic virotherapy. These data demonstrate that the combination of NACA and NSCs loaded with CRAd-S-pk7 may be a desirable strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of antiglioma oncolytic virotherapy.
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Angarita FA, Acuna SA, Ottolino-Perry K, Zerhouni S, McCart JA. Mounting a strategic offense: fighting tumor vasculature with oncolytic viruses. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:378-92. [PMID: 23540715 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood supply within a tumor drives progression and ultimately allows for metastasis. Many anticancer therapies target tumor vasculature, but their individual effectiveness is limited because they induce indirect cell death. Agents that disrupt nascent and/or established tumor vasculature while simultaneously killing cancer cells would certainly have a greater impact. Oncolytic virotherapy utilizes attenuated viruses that replicate specifically within a tumor. They induce cytotoxicity through a combination of direct cell lysis, antitumor immune stimulation, and recently identified antitumor vascular effects. This review summarizes the novel preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the antitumor vascular effects of oncolytic viruses, which include infection and lysis of tumor endothelial cells, natural or genetically engineered antiangiogenic properties, and combination therapy with clinically approved antivascular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A Angarita
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M1 Canada
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