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Trillo Aliaga P, Del Signore E, Fuorivia V, Spitaleri G, Asnaghi R, Attili I, Corvaja C, Carnevale Schianca A, Passaro A, de Marinis F. The Evolving Scenario of ES-SCLC Management: From Biology to New Cancer Therapeutics. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:701. [PMID: 38927637 PMCID: PMC11203015 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma accounting for 15% of lung cancers with dismal survival outcomes. Minimal changes in therapy and prognosis have occurred in SCLC for the past four decades. Recent progress in the treatment of extensive-stage disease (ES-SCLC) has been marked by incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into platinum-based chemotherapy, leading to modest improvements. Moreover, few second-line-and-beyond treatment options are currently available. The main limitation for the molecular study of SCLC has been the scarcity of samples, because only very early diseases are treated with surgery and biopsies are not performed when the disease progresses. Despite all these difficulties, in recent years we have come to understand that SCLC is not a homogeneous disease. At the molecular level, in addition to the universal loss of retinoblastoma (RB) and TP53 genes, a recent large molecular study has identified other mutations that could serve as targets for therapy development or patient selection. In recent years, there has also been the identification of new genetic subtypes which have shown us how intertumor heterogeneity exists. Moreover, SCLC can also develop intratumoral heterogeneity linked mainly to the concept of cellular plasticity, mostly due to the development of resistance to therapies. The aim of this review is to quickly present the current standard of care of ES-SCLC, to focus on the molecular landscapes and subtypes of SCLC, subsequently present the most promising therapeutic strategies under investigation, and finally recap the future directions of ongoing clinical trials for this aggressive disease which still remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Trillo Aliaga
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Ester Del Signore
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Fuorivia
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spitaleri
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Asnaghi
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Corvaja
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Carnevale Schianca
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
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2
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Gomez-Randulfe I, Leporati R, Gupta B, Liu S, Califano R. Recent advances and future strategies in first-line treatment of ES-SCLC. Eur J Cancer 2024; 200:113581. [PMID: 38301317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in treating extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have been significantly marked by incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into platinum-based chemotherapy, leading to modest yet notable improvements in patient outcomes, which become more evident with longer follow-up. However, critical challenges persist, such as identifying effective biomarkers for accurate patient selection or finding more effective drugs. This review delves into the current and evolving treatment landscape for ES-SCLC, focusing on the most promising therapeutic strategies under investigation. We discuss the latest developments in the use of newer ICIs, antiangiogenic agents, PARP inhibitors (PARPi), lurbinectedin, and anti-DLL3 agents, offering insights into potential future directions in the management of this aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Gomez-Randulfe
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Rita Leporati
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Brinda Gupta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephen Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raffaele Califano
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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3
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Eglenen-Polat B, Kowash RR, Huang HC, Siteni S, Zhu M, Chen K, Bender ME, Mender I, Stastny V, Drapkin BJ, Raj P, Minna JD, Xu L, Shay JW, Akbay EA. A telomere-targeting drug depletes cancer initiating cells and promotes anti-tumor immunity in small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:672. [PMID: 38253555 PMCID: PMC10803750 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
There are few effective treatments for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) underscoring the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. This study focuses on exploiting telomerase, a critical SCLC dependency as a therapeutic target. A prominent characteristic of SCLC is their reliance on telomerase activity, a key enzyme essential for their continuous proliferation. Here we utilize a nucleoside analog, 6-Thio-2'-deoxyguanosine (6TdG) currently in phase II clinical trials, that is preferentially incorporated by telomerase into telomeres leading to telomere dysfunction. Using preclinical mouse and human derived models we find low intermittent doses of 6TdG inhibit tumor growth and reduce metastatic burden. Anti-tumor efficacy correlates with a reduction in a subpopulation of cancer initiating like cells (CICs) identified by their expression of L1CAM/CD133 and highest telomerase activity. 6TdG treatment also leads to activation of innate and adaptive anti-tumor responses. Mechanistically, 6TdG depletes CICs and induces type-I interferon signaling leading to tumor immune visibility by activating tumor cell STING signaling. We also observe increased sensitivity to irradiation after 6TdG treatment in both syngeneic and humanized SCLC xenograft models both of which are dependent on the presence of host immune cells. This study underscores the immune-enhancing and metastasis-reducing effects of 6TdG, employing a range of complementary in vitro and in vivo SCLC preclinical models providing a potential therapeutic approach to SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Eglenen-Polat
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ryan R Kowash
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hai-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Silvia Siteni
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mingrui Zhu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matthew E Bender
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ilgen Mender
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Victor Stastny
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin J Drapkin
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology and Microbiome Research Laboratory University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Esra A Akbay
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Paraghamian SE, Qiu J, Hawkins GM, Zhao Z, Sun W, Fan Y, Zhang X, Suo H, Hao T, Prabhu VV, Allen JE, Zhou C, Bae-Jump V. A novel dopamine receptor D2 antagonist (ONC206) potentiates the effects of olaparib in endometrial cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2202104. [PMID: 37069726 PMCID: PMC10115124 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2202104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are effective therapies for cancer patients with homologous recombination (HR) deficient tumors. The imipridone ONC206 is an orally bioavailable dopamine receptor D2 antagonist and mitochondrial protease ClpP agonist that has anti-tumorigenic effects in endometrial cancer via induction of apoptosis, activation of the integrated stress response and modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Both PARP inhibitors and imipridones are being evaluated in endometrial cancer clinical trials but have yet to be explored in combination. In this manuscript, we evaluated the effects of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in combination with ONC206 in human endometrioid endometrial cancer cell lines and in a genetically engineered mouse model of endometrial cancer. Our results showed that simultaneous exposure of endometrial cancer cells to olaparib and ONC206 resulted in synergistic anti-proliferative effects and increased cellular stress and apoptosis in both cell lines, compared to either drug alone. The combination treatment also decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduced phosphorylation of AKT and S6, with greater effects compared to either drug alone. In the transgenic model of endometrial cancer, the combination of olaparib and ONC206 resulted in a more significant reduction in tumor weight in obese and lean mice compared to ONC206 alone or olaparib alone, together with a considerably decreased Ki-67 and enhanced H2AX expression in obese and lean mice. These results suggest that this novel dual therapy may be worthy of further exploration in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Paraghamian
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jianqing Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gabrielle M. Hawkins
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Suo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Parisi A, Rossi F, De Filippis C, Paoloni F, Felicetti C, Mammarella A, Pecci F, Lupi A, Berardi R. Current Evidence and Future Perspectives about the Role of PARP Inhibitors in the Treatment of Thoracic Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:585-613. [PMID: 37485307 PMCID: PMC10362869 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s272563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition has become a promising therapeutic option for several tumors, especially for those harboring a BRCA 1-2 mutation or a deficit in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Nevertheless, to date, PARP inhibitors are still not largely used for thoracic malignancies neither as a single agent nor in combination with other treatments. Recently, a deeper understanding of HRR mechanisms, alongside the development of new targeted and immunotherapy agents, particularly against HRR-deficient tumors, traced the path to new treatment strategies for many tumor types including lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. The aim of this review is to sum up the current knowledge about cancer-DNA damage response pathways inhibition and to update the status of recent clinical trials investigating the use of PARP inhibitors, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents for the treatment of thoracic malignancies. We will also briefly discuss available evidence on Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitors, a novel promising therapeutic option in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parisi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Chiara De Filippis
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Francesco Paoloni
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Cristiano Felicetti
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Alex Mammarella
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Federica Pecci
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Alessio Lupi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, 60126, Italy
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6
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Touhami O, Plante M, St-Gelais J, Frumovitz M. Association of nivolumab and niraparib in the management of neuroendocrine cancer of the cervix. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023; 33:623-627. [PMID: 37011923 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Touhami
- Gynecologic Oncology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux CIUSSS du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Sherbrooke University, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Plante
- Gynecologic Oncology Division, CHU de Quebec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Quebec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan St-Gelais
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux CIUSSS du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Sherbrooke University, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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7
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Bhardwaj P, Iyengar NM, Zahid H, Carter KM, Byun DJ, Choi MH, Sun Q, Savenkov O, Louka C, Liu C, Piloco P, Acosta M, Bareja R, Elemento O, Foronda M, Dow LE, Oshchepkova S, Giri DD, Pollak M, Zhou XK, Hopkins BD, Laughney AM, Frey MK, Ellenson LH, Morrow M, Spector JA, Cantley LC, Brown KA. Obesity promotes breast epithelium DNA damage in women carrying a germline mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade1857. [PMID: 36812344 PMCID: PMC10557057 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, is an established risk factor for breast cancer among women in the general population after menopause. Whether elevated BMI is a risk factor for women with a germline mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 is less clear because of inconsistent findings from epidemiological studies and a lack of mechanistic studies in this population. Here, we show that DNA damage in normal breast epithelia of women carrying a BRCA mutation is positively correlated with BMI and with biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction. In addition, RNA sequencing showed obesity-associated alterations to the breast adipose microenvironment of BRCA mutation carriers, including activation of estrogen biosynthesis, which affected neighboring breast epithelial cells. In breast tissue explants cultured from women carrying a BRCA mutation, we found that blockade of estrogen biosynthesis or estrogen receptor activity decreased DNA damage. Additional obesity-associated factors, including leptin and insulin, increased DNA damage in human BRCA heterozygous epithelial cells, and inhibiting the signaling of these factors with a leptin-neutralizing antibody or PI3K inhibitor, respectively, decreased DNA damage. Furthermore, we show that increased adiposity was associated with mammary gland DNA damage and increased penetrance of mammary tumors in Brca1+/- mice. Overall, our results provide mechanistic evidence in support of a link between elevated BMI and breast cancer development in BRCA mutation carriers. This suggests that maintaining a lower body weight or pharmacologically targeting estrogen or metabolic dysfunction may reduce the risk of breast cancer in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bhardwaj
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Neil M. Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Heba Zahid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dong Jun Byun
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Qi Sun
- Computational Biology Service Unit of Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Oleksandr Savenkov
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charalambia Louka
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Catherine Liu
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Phoebe Piloco
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monica Acosta
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Miguel Foronda
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lukas E. Dow
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sofya Oshchepkova
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dilip D. Giri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Pollak
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xi Kathy Zhou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ashley M. Laughney
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Melissa K. Frey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lora Hedrick Ellenson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jason A. Spector
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine and Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lewis C. Cantley
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kristy A. Brown
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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8
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Peng X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Yu Z, Zhong Z, Zhang L, Chen Z, Claret FX, Elkabets M, Wang F, Sun F, Wang R, Liang H, Lin H, Kong D. Stellettin B Sensitizes Glioblastoma to DNA-Damaging Treatments by Suppressing PI3K-Mediated Homologous Recombination Repair. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205529. [PMID: 36453577 PMCID: PMC9875605 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of cancer. Its current first-line postsurgery regimens are radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, both of which are DNA damage-inducing therapies but show very limited efficacy and a high risk of resistance. There is an urgent need to develop novel agents to sensitize GBM to DNA-damaging treatments. Here it is found that the triterpene compound stellettin B (STELB) greatly enhances the sensitivity of GBM to ionizing radiation and TMZ in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, STELB inhibits the expression of homologous recombination repair (HR) factors BRCA1/2 and RAD51 by promoting the degradation of PI3Kα through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway; and the induced HR deficiency then leads to augmented DNA damage and cell death. It is further demonstrated that STELB has the potential to rapidly penetrate the blood-brain barrier to exert anti-GBM effects in the brain, based on zebrafish and nude mouse orthotopic xenograft tumor models. The study provides strong evidence that STELB represents a promising drug candidate to improve GBM therapy in combination with DNA-damaging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
- Department of Systems Biologythe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Shaolu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
- Department of Systems Biologythe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Zixiang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Zhenxing Zhong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Zhe‐Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNY11439USA
| | - Francois X. Claret
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of MicrobiologyImmunology and GeneticsFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva84105Israel
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of GeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Fan Sun
- Research Center for Marine DrugsState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesDepartment of PharmacyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
- Department of Systems Biologythe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Hou‐Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine DrugsState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesDepartment of PharmacyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
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The Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential of DNA Damage Repair Pathway Alterations and Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215305. [DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the second most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The mapping of genomic alterations and their role in lung-cancer progression has been followed by the development of new therapeutic options. Several novel drugs, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have significantly improved outcomes. However, many patients with lung cancer do not benefit from existing therapies or develop progressive disease, leading to increased morbidity and mortality despite initial responses to treatment. Alterations in DNA-damage repair (DDR) genes represent a cancer hallmark that impairs a cell’s ability to prevent deleterious mutation accumulation and repair. These alterations have recently emerged as a therapeutic target in breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. The role of DDR alterations remains largely unknown in lung cancer. Nevertheless, recent research efforts have highlighted a potential role of some DDR alterations as predictive biomarkers of response to treatment. Despite the failure of PARP inhibitors (main class of DDR targeting agents) to improve outcomes in lung cancer patients, there is some evidence suggesting a role of PARP inhibitors and other DDR targeting agents in benefiting a distinct subset of lung cancer patients. In this review, we will discuss the existing literature on DDR alterations and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) state as predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets in both non-small cell lung and small cell lung cancer.
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10
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PARP inhibitors in small cell lung cancer: The underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Woll P, Gaunt P, Danson S, Steele N, Ahmed S, Mulatero C, Shah R, Bhosle J, Hodgkinson E, Watkins B, Billingham L. Olaparib as maintenance treatment in patients with chemosensitive small cell lung cancer (STOMP): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial. Lung Cancer 2022; 171:26-33. [PMID: 35872530 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) responds well to chemoradiotherapy but frequently relapses. Here, we evaluate activity and safety of the poly (adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib as maintenance treatment for patients with chemoresponsive SCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible patients had complete or partial response to first line chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for SCLC. Patients were randomised 2:2:1:1 to olaparib 300 mg twice a day (BD), olaparib 200 mg three times a day (TDS), placebo BD or placebo TDS. The primary outcome was progression-free survival time (PFS). The trial design had 80% power to detect a 3-month difference in median PFS based on a one-sided 5% significance level. Secondary outcome measures included overall survival time (OS), adverse events and quality of life. ISRCTN 73164486, EudraCT 2010-021165-76. RESULTS 220 patients were randomised: 74 placebo, 73 olaparib BD, 73 olaparib TDS. Median PFS (90% confidence interval (CI)) was 2·5 (1·8, 3·7), 3·7 (3·1, 4·6) and 3·6 (2·8, 4·7) months in the placebo, olaparib BD and TDS arms, respectively. There was no significant difference in PFS between olaparib and placebo for either BD (Hazard Ratio (HR) (90%CI) 0·76 (0·57, 1·02), P = 0·125 or TDS 0·86, (0·64, 1·15), P = 0·402. Common adverse events on olaparib were fatigue, nausea, anaemia, vomiting and anorexia. Of 214 patients who discontinued treatment before 24 months, toxicity was the reason cited for 66 (18 placebo, 24 olaparib BD, 24 olaparib TDS). CONCLUSION This trial does not provide sufficient evidence that either the BD or TDS regimen for maintenance olaparib monotherapy improves PFS or OS in an unselected SCLC population to warrant further research. Toxicity for olaparib was similar to other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penella Woll
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Piers Gaunt
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Danson
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicola Steele
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Samreen Ahmed
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Riyaz Shah
- Maidstone Hospital, Maidstone, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ben Watkins
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lucinda Billingham
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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12
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Merlini A, Centomo ML, Ferrero G, Chiabotto G, Miglio U, Berrino E, Giordano G, Brusco S, Pisacane A, Maldi E, Sarotto I, Capozzi F, Lano C, Isella C, Crisafulli G, Aglietta M, Dei Tos AP, Sbaraglia M, Sangiolo D, D’Ambrosio L, Bardelli A, Pignochino Y, Grignani G. DNA damage response and repair genes in advanced bone and soft tissue sarcomas: An 8-gene signature as a candidate predictive biomarker of response to trabectedin and olaparib combination. Front Oncol 2022; 12:844250. [PMID: 36110934 PMCID: PMC9469659 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.844250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced and unresectable bone and soft tissue sarcomas (BSTS) still represent an unmet medical need. We demonstrated that the alkylating agent trabectedin and the PARP1-inhibitor olaparib display antitumor activity in BSTS preclinical models. Moreover, in a phase Ib clinical trial (NCT02398058), feasibility, tolerability and encouraging results have been observed and the treatment combination is currently under study in a phase II trial (NCT03838744). Methods Differential expression of genes involved in DNA Damage Response and Repair was evaluated by Nanostring® technology, extracting RNA from pre-treatment tumor samples of 16 responder (≥6-month progression free survival) and 16 non-responder patients. Data validation was performed by quantitative real-time PCR, RNA in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. The correlation between the identified candidate genes and both progression-free survival and overall survival was investigated in the publicly available dataset “Sarcoma (TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas)”. Results Differential RNA expression analysis revealed an 8-gene signature (CDKN2A, PIK3R1, SLFN11, ATM, APEX2, BLM, XRCC2, MAD2L2) defining patients with better outcome upon trabectedin+olaparib treatment. In responder vs. non-responder patients, a significant differential expression of these genes was further confirmed by RNA in situ hybridization and by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in selected experiments. Correlation between survival outcomes and genetic alterations in the identified genes was shown in the TCGA sarcoma dataset. Conclusions This work identified an 8-gene expression signature to improve prediction of response to trabectedin+olaparib combination in BSTS. The predictive role of these potential biomarkers warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Merlini
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Centomo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiabotto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Berrino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Giordano
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Brusco
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Elena Maldi
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Lano
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Isella
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Crisafulli
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale-Università Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale-Università Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D’Ambrosio
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Medical Oncology, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Alberto Bardelli
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Ymera Pignochino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ymera Pignochino, ; Giovanni Grignani,
| | - Giovanni Grignani
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ymera Pignochino, ; Giovanni Grignani,
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Li P, Lei Y, Qi J, Liu W, Yao K. Functional roles of ADP-ribosylation writers, readers and erasers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:941356. [PMID: 36035988 PMCID: PMC9404506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.941356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a reversible post-translational modification (PTM) tightly regulated by the dynamic interplay between its writers, readers and erasers. As an intricate and versatile PTM, ADP-ribosylation plays critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we discuss the major players involved in the ADP-ribosylation cycle, which may facilitate the investigation of the ADP-ribosylation function and contribute to the understanding and treatment of ADP-ribosylation associated disease.
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14
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Xiong J, Barayan R, Louie AV, Lok BH. Novel therapeutic combinations with PARP inhibitors for small cell lung cancer: A bench-to-bedside review. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:521-542. [PMID: 35917883 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is treated as a monolithic disease despite the evident intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity. Non-specific DNA-damaging agents have remained the first-line treatment for decades. Recently, emerging transcriptomic and genomic profiling of SCLC tumors identified distinct SCLC subtypes and vulnerabilities towards targeted therapeutics, including inhibitors of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPi). SCLC cell lines and tumors exhibited an elevated level of PARP1 protein and mRNA compared to healthy lung tissues and other subtypes of lung tumors. Notable responses to PARPi were also observed in preclinical SCLC models. Clinically, PARPi monotherapy exerted variable benefits for SCLC patients. To date, research is being vigorously conducted to examine predictive biomarkers of PARPi response and various PARPi combination strategies to maximize the clinical utility of PARPi. This narrative review summarizes existing preclinical evidence supporting PARPi monotherapy, combination therapy, and respective translation to the clinic. Specifically, we covered the combination of PARPi with DNA-damaging chemotherapy (cisplatin, etoposide, temozolomide), thoracic radiotherapy, immunotherapy (immune checkpoint inhibitors), and many other novel therapeutic agents that target DNA damage response, tumor microenvironment, epigenetic modulation, angiogenesis, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, or autophagy. Putative biomarkers, such as SLFN11 expression, MGMT methylation, E2F1 expression, and platinum sensitivity, which may be predictive of response to distinct therapeutic combinations, were also discussed. The future of SCLC treatment is undergoing rapid change with a focus on tailored and personalized treatment strategies. Further development of cancer therapy with PARPi will immensely benefit at least a subset of biomarker-defined SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xiong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ranya Barayan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander V Louie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre - Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Benjamin H Lok
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Wang J, Lin W, Li R, Cheng H, Sun S, Shao F, Yang Y, Zhang L, Feng X, Gao S, Gao Y, He J. The Deubiquitinase USP13 Maintains Cancer Cell Stemness by Promoting FASN Stability in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899987. [PMID: 35898882 PMCID: PMC9309731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
USP13 is significantly amplified in over 20% of lung cancer patients and critical for tumor progression. However, the functional role of USP13 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the deubiquitinase USP13 is highly expressed in SCLC tumor samples and positively associated with poor prognosis in multiple cohorts. In vitro and in vivo depletion of USP13 inhibited SCLC cancer stem cells (CSCs) properties and tumorigenesis, and this inhibitory effect was rescued by reconstituted expression of wide type (WT) USP13 but not the enzyme-inactive USP13 mutant. Mechanistically, USP13 interacts with fatty acid synthase (FASN) and enhances FASN protein stability. FASN downregulation suppresses USP13-enhanced cell renewal regulator expression, sphere formation ability, and de novo fatty acids biogenesis. Accordingly, we found FASN expression is upregulated in surgical resected SCLC specimens, positively correlated with USP13, and associated with poor prognosis of SCLC patients. More importantly, the small molecule inhibitor of FASN, TVB-2640, significantly inhibits lipogenic phenotype and attenuates self-renewal ability, chemotherapy resistance and USP13-mediated tumorigenesis in SCLC. Thus, our study highlights a critical role of the USP13-FASN-lipogenesis axis in SCLC cancer stemness maintenance and tumor growth, and reveals a potential combination therapy for SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Renda Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sijin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shao
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yannan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Gao, ; Jie He,
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yibo Gao, ; Jie He,
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16
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Vasan N, Cantley LC. At a crossroads: how to translate the roles of PI3K in oncogenic and metabolic signalling into improvements in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:471-485. [PMID: 35484287 PMCID: PMC11215755 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous agents targeting various phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway components, including PI3K, AKT and mTOR, have been tested in oncology clinical trials, resulting in regulatory approvals for the treatment of selected patients with breast cancer, certain other solid tumours or particular haematological malignancies. However, given the prominence of PI3K signalling in cancer and the crucial role of this pathway in linking cancer growth with metabolism, these clinical results could arguably be improved upon. In this Review, we discuss past and present efforts to overcome the somewhat limited clinical efficacy of PI3Kα pathway inhibitors, including optimization of inhibitor specificity, patient selection and biomarkers across cancer types, with a focus on breast cancer, as well as identification and abrogation of signalling-related and metabolic mechanisms of resistance, and interventions to improve management of prohibitive adverse events. We highlight the advantages and limitations of laboratory-based model systems used to study the PI3K pathway, and propose technologies and experimental inquiries to guide the future clinical deployment of PI3K pathway inhibitors in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Vasan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Rimner A, Lai WCV, Califano R, Jabbour SK, Rudin CM, Faivre-Finn C, Cho BC, Kato T, Yu J, Chafin W, Yu L, Zhao B, Byers L. Rationale and Design of the Phase 3 KEYLYNK-013 Study of Pembrolizumab With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Pembrolizumab With or Without Olaparib for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:e325-e329. [PMID: 35613997 PMCID: PMC10905605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The prognosis remains poor due to the aggressiveness and high risk of progression or relapse of SCLC even if an initial response is achieved. Therefore, there is an urgent unmet clinical need in this population. The multicenter, phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind KEYLYNK-013 study evaluates the addition of pembrolizumab to CCRT followed by pembrolizumab with or without olaparib in participants with previously untreated limited-stage SCLC. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04624204). METHODS Eligible participants aged ≥18 years with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed, limited-stage (ie, stage I-III) SCLC will be randomized 1:1:1 to CCRT (ie, etoposide plus carboplatin or cisplatin for 4 cycles and standard thoracic radiotherapy) plus pembrolizumab (Groups A and B) or CCRT plus placebo (Group C). In the absence of disease progression, participants will receive pembrolizumab plus placebo (Group A), pembrolizumab plus olaparib (Group B), or placebo (Group C). Dual primary endpoints are progression-free survival per RECIST version 1.1 by blinded independent central review and overall survival. RESULTS Enrollment began in December 2020 and is ongoing at approximately 150 sites. CONCLUSIONS KEYLYNK-013 will provide valuable information on the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab plus CCRT and pembrolizumab with or without olaparib post CCRT in participants with limited-stage SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raffaele Califano
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Salma K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Corinne Faivre-Finn
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jinming Yu
- Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | | | - Li Yu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ
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18
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Liu J, Zhao Z, Wei S, Li B, Zhao Z. Genomic features of Chinese small cell lung cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:117. [PMID: 35596192 PMCID: PMC9123817 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with poor survival. Although molecular and clinical characteristics have been established for SCLC in western patients, limited investigation has been performed for Chinese SCLC patients. Objective In this study, we investigated the genomic features of Chinese SCLC patients. Methods A total of 75 SCLC patients were enrolled. Genomic alterations in 618 selected genes were analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing. Results Here, we showed that TP53 (77.30%) and RB1 (30.70%) were the most prevalent genes alterations, followed by KMT2D, ALK, LRP1B, EGFR, NOTCH3, AR, CREBBP, ROS1, and BRCA2. And the most common genetic alterations were enriched in the cell cycle signaling pathway (84.00%) of Chinese SCLC patients. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway analysis showed that the most frequently enriched DDR pathways were fanconi anaemia (FA, 29.41%) and homology recombination (HR, 21.57%). Notably, 9.33% SCLC patients in our cohort had pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline gene variants. Compared with the U Cologne cohort, a higher prevalence in EGFR, AR, BRCA2, TSC1, ATXN3, MET, MSH2, ERBB3 and FOXA1 were found in our cohort; while compared to the data from the Johns Hopkins cohort, a higher mutated frequency in TP53, KMT2D, ALK, and EGFR were found in our cohort. Moreover, a significant association was found between high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and mutations involved in TP53, CREBBP, EPHA3, KMT2D, ALK and RB1. Approximately 33.33% of patients with SCLC harbored at least one actionable alteration annotated by OncoKB, of which one patient had alterations of level 1; seventeen patients had level 3; fifteen patients possessed level 4. Conclusion Our data might provide an insightful meaning in targeted therapy for Chinese SCLC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01255-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Zhuxiang Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shuquan Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Binkai Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ziwen Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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19
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Palve V, Knezevic CE, Bejan DS, Luo Y, Li X, Novakova S, Welsh EA, Fang B, Kinose F, Haura EB, Monteiro AN, Koomen JM, Cohen MS, Lawrence HR, Rix U. The non-canonical target PARP16 contributes to polypharmacology of the PARP inhibitor talazoparib and its synergy with WEE1 inhibitors. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:202-214.e7. [PMID: 34329582 PMCID: PMC8782927 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPis) display single-agent anticancer activity in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine tumors independent of BRCA1/2 mutations. Here, we determine the differential efficacy of multiple clinical PARPis in SCLC cells. Compared with the other PARPis rucaparib, olaparib, and niraparib, talazoparib displays the highest potency across SCLC, including SLFN11-negative cells. Chemical proteomics identifies PARP16 as a unique talazoparib target in addition to PARP1. Silencing PARP16 significantly reduces cell survival, particularly in combination with PARP1 inhibition. Drug combination screening reveals talazoparib synergy with the WEE1/PLK1 inhibitor adavosertib. Global phosphoproteomics identifies disparate effects on cell-cycle and DNA damage signaling thereby illustrating underlying mechanisms of synergy, which is more pronounced for talazoparib than olaparib. Notably, silencing PARP16 further reduces cell survival in combination with olaparib and adavosertib. Together, these data suggest that PARP16 contributes to talazoparib's overall mechanism of action and constitutes an actionable target in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Palve
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Claire E. Knezevic
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Daniel S. Bejan
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Yunting Luo
- Chemical Biology Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xueli Li
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Silvia Novakova
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eric A. Welsh
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Fumi Kinose
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eric B. Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alvaro N. Monteiro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - John M. Koomen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Michael S. Cohen
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Harshani R. Lawrence
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,Chemical Biology Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Uwe Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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20
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Kundu K, Cardnell RJ, Zhang B, Shen L, Stewart CA, Ramkumar K, Cargill KR, Wang J, Gay CM, Byers LA. SLFN11 biomarker status predicts response to lurbinectedin as a single agent and in combination with ATR inhibition in small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2022; 10:4095-4105. [PMID: 35004241 PMCID: PMC8674596 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Lurbinectedin recently received FDA accelerated approval as a second line treatment option for metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, there are currently no established biomarkers to predict SCLC sensitivity or resistance to lurbinectedin or preclinical studies to guide rational combinations. Methods Drug sensitivity was assayed in proliferation assays and xenograft models. Baseline proteomic profiling was performed by reverse-phase protein array. Lurbinectedin-induced changes in intracellular signaling pathways were assayed by Western blot. Results Among 21 human SCLC cell lines, cytotoxicity was observed following lurbinectedin treatment at a low dose (median IC50 0.46 nM, range, 0.06–1.83 nM). Notably, cell lines with high expression of Schlafen-11 (SLFN11) protein, a promising biomarker of response to other DNA damaging agents (e.g., chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors), were more sensitive to single-agent lurbinectedin (FC =3.2, P=0.005). SLFN11 was validated as a biomarker of sensitivity to lurbinectedin using siRNA knockdown and in xenografts representing SLFN11 high and low SCLC. Replication stress and DNA damage markers (e.g., γH2AX, phosphorylated CHK1, phosphorylated RPA32) increased in SCLC cell lines following treatment with lurbinectedin. Lurbinectedin also induced PD-L1 expression via cGAS-STING pathway activation. Finally, the combination of lurbinectedin with the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) inhibitors ceralasertib and berzosertib showed a greater than additive effect in SLFN11-low models. Conclusions Together our data confirm the activity of lurbinectedin across a large cohort of SCLC models and identify SLFN11 as a top candidate biomarker for lurbinectedin sensitivity. In SLFN11-low SCLC cell lines which are relatively resistance to lurbinectedin, the addition of an ATR inhibitor to lurbinectedin re-sensitized otherwise resistant cells, confirming previous observations that SLFN11 is a master regulator of DNA damage response independent of ATR, and the absence of SLFN11 leads to synthetic lethality with ATR inhibition. This study provides a rationale for lurbinectedin in combination with ATR inhibitors to overcome resistance in SCLC with low SLFN11 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kundu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert J Cardnell
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bingnan Zhang
- Division of Cancer Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kavya Ramkumar
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kasey R Cargill
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Valadares BN, Stephano MA. Small cell lung cancer: an overview of the targets. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibition in Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review. Cancer J 2021; 27:476-481. [PMID: 34904810 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy with high and rapid relapse rates and poor outcomes. Treatment for SCLC has historically been limited by the lack of targetable driver genomic lesions, however recent developments in the underpinnings of genomic instability in SCLC and understanding of its transcriptional subtypes have led to increased interest in the use of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as a rationale therapy. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, historically designed to target BRCA1/2-mutated malignancies, capitalize on synthetic lethality in homologous recombination-deficient tumors. In this review, we outline the mechanistic rationale for the use of PARP inhibitors in treating SCLC and detail key clinical trials investigating their use in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. We describe developments in the understanding of biomarkers for sensitivity to therapy and highlight further investigational directions for the use of PARP inhibitors in treating SCLC.
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23
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Hobbs EA, Litton JK, Yap TA. Development of the PARP inhibitor talazoparib for the treatment of advanced BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutated breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1825-1837. [PMID: 34309473 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1952181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation breast cancers constitute an uncommon, but unique group of breast cancers that present at a younger age, and are underscored by genomic instability and accumulation of DNA damage. Talazoparib is a potent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that exploits impaired DNA damage response mechanisms in this population of patients and results in significant efficacy. Based on the results of the EMBRACA trial, talazoparib was approved for the treatment of patients with advanced germline BRCA1/2 mutant breast cancer. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors highlight the relevant clinical trials of talazoparib, as well as, safety, tolerability, and quality of life considerations. They also examine putative response and resistance mechanisms, and rational combinatorial therapeutic strategies under development. EXPERT OPINION Talazoparib has been a major advance in the treatment of germline BRCA1/2 mutation breast cancer with both clinical efficacy and improvement in quality of life compared to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. To date, the optimal sequencing of talazoparib administration in the metastatic setting has not yet been established. A deeper understanding of response and resistance mechanisms, and more broadly, the DNA repair pathway, will lead to additional opportunities in targeting this pathway and open up therapeutic indications to a broader patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evthokia A Hobbs
- Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer K Litton
- Breast Medical Oncology Department, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Khalifa Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Paterniti I, Scuderi SA, Casili G, Lanza M, Mare M, Giuffrida R, Colarossi C, Portelli M, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E. Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor, ABT888, Improved Cisplatin Effect in Human Oral Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070771. [PMID: 34356835 PMCID: PMC8301366 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the chemotherapeutic drugs used for the management of oral carcinoma, in which combined therapies are estimated to exert superior therapeutic efficacy compared with monotherapy. It is known that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is implicated in a multiplicity of cellular activities, such as DNA repair and cell death. Based on these, PARP inhibitors are used for the treatment of cancers; however, the capacity of PARP inhibitors associated to anti-cancer drugs have not been completely assessed in oral carcinoma. Here, we evaluated the effects of PARPi veliparib (ABT888) in combination with cisplatin on the survival of three human oral cancer cell lines HSC-2, Ca9-22 and CAL27 and we observed the effects of ABT888 alone or in combination with cisplatin on apoptosis and DNA damage repair mechanism. The results obtained showed that ABT888 induces a cytotoxicity effect on cell viability increasing the apoptotic pathway as well as DNA strand break; moreover, our results displayed the effects with cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, our results indicate PARP inhibitors as adjuvants for therapeutic strategy of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, ME, Italy; (I.P.); (S.A.S.); (G.C.); (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, ME, Italy; (I.P.); (S.A.S.); (G.C.); (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, ME, Italy; (I.P.); (S.A.S.); (G.C.); (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, ME, Italy; (I.P.); (S.A.S.); (G.C.); (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Marzia Mare
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande, CT, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.)
- IOM Ricerca Srl, via Penninazzo 11, 95029 Viagrande, CT, Italy;
| | | | - Cristina Colarossi
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, via Penninazzo 7, 95029 Viagrande, CT, Italy; (M.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Marco Portelli
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, ME, Italy; (I.P.); (S.A.S.); (G.C.); (M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, ME, Italy; (I.P.); (S.A.S.); (G.C.); (M.L.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-676-5208
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25
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Wang K, Li Y, Wang J, Chen R, Li J. A novel 12-gene signature as independent prognostic model in stage IA and IB lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2368-2381. [PMID: 34028782 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no formal consensus on the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy to stage I lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients despite the poor prognosis. The side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy need to be balanced against the risk of tumour recurrence. Prognostic markers are thus needed to identify those at higher risks and recommend individualised treatment regimens. METHODS Clinical and sequencing data of stage I patients were retrieved from the Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma project of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and three tissue microarray datasets. In a novel K-resample gene selection algorithm, gene-wise Cox proportional hazard regressions were repeated for 50 iterations with random resamples from the TCGA training dataset. The top 200 genes with the best predictive power for survival were chosen to undergo an L1-penalised Cox regression for further gene selection. RESULTS A total of 602 samples of LUSC were included, of which 42.2% came from female patients, 45.3% were stage IA cancer. From an initial pool of 11,212 genes in the TCGA training dataset, a final set of 12 genes were selected to construct the multivariate Cox prognostic model. Among the 12 selected genes, 5 genes, STAU1, ADGRF1, ATF7IP2, MALL and KRT23, were adverse prognostic factors for patients, while seven genes, NDUFB1, CNPY2, ZNF394, PIN4, FZD8, NBPF26 and EPYC, were positive prognostic factors. An equation for risk score was thus constructed from the final multivariate Cox model. The model performance was tested in the sequestered TCGA testing dataset and validated in external tissue microarray datasets (GSE4573, GSE31210 and GSE50081), demonstrating its efficacy in stratifying patients into high- and low-risk groups with significant survival difference both in the whole set (including stage IA and IB) and in the stage IA only subgroup of each set. The prognostic power remains significant after adjusting for standard clinical factors. When benchmarked against other prominent gene-signature based prognostic models, the model outperformed the rest in the TCGA testing dataset and in predicting long-term risk at eight years in all three validation datasets. CONCLUSION The 12-gene prognostic model may serve as a useful complementary clinical risk-stratification tool for stage I and especially stage IA lung squamous cell carcinoma patients to guide clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,School of Medicine, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Y Li
- School of Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd., Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - R Chen
- Respiratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - J Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd., Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Norton JP, Augert A, Eastwood E, Basom R, Rudin CM, MacPherson D. Protein neddylation as a therapeutic target in pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas. Genes Dev 2021; 35:870-887. [PMID: 34016692 PMCID: PMC8168556 DOI: 10.1101/gad.348316.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is among the most lethal of all solid tumor malignancies. In an effort to identify novel therapeutic approaches for this recalcitrant cancer type, we applied genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 inactivation screens to cell lines that we derived from a murine model of SCLC. SCLC cells were particularly sensitive to the deletion of NEDD8 and other neddylation pathway genes. Genetic suppression or pharmacological inhibition of this pathway using MLN4924 caused cell death not only in mouse SCLC cell lines but also in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma treated ex vivo or in vivo. A subset of PDX models were exceptionally sensitive to neddylation inhibition. Neddylation inhibition suppressed expression of major regulators of neuroendocrine cell state such as INSM1 and ASCL1, which a subset of SCLC rely upon for cell proliferation and survival. To identify potential mechanisms of resistance to neddylation inhibition, we performed a genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 suppressor screen. Deletion of components of the COP9 signalosome strongly mitigated the effects of neddylation inhibition in small cell carcinoma, including the ability of MLN4924 to suppress neuroendocrine transcriptional program expression. This work identifies neddylation as a regulator of neuroendocrine cell state and potential therapeutic target for small cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Norton
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Arnaud Augert
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Emily Eastwood
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Ryan Basom
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - David MacPherson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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27
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Caruso G, Sassu CM, Tomao F, Di Donato V, Perniola G, Fischetti M, Benedetti Panici P, Palaia I. The puzzle of gynecologic neuroendocrine carcinomas: State of the art and future directions. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 162:103344. [PMID: 33933568 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary gynecologic neuroendocrine carcinomas (gNECs) are a heterogeneous spectrum of rare and highly aggressive neoplasms, accounting for about 2% of all gynecologic malignancies, which mostly resemble the small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Due to the lack of standardized treatment guidelines, their management poses a noteworthy clinical challenge. Currently, cumulative data retrieved from the management of SCLC and from retrospective studies supports a multimodality strategy, based on surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, the prognosis remains poor and recurrences are extremely frequent. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel treatment options and promising molecular targets. Recently, there has been an increasing interest on the potential role of immune checkpoint inhibitors, especially in the recurrent setting. However, only scant evidence exists and there is still a long road ahead. A solid collaboration between gynecologists and oncologists worldwide is required to improve the treatment of these puzzling tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy.
| | - Carolina Maria Sassu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Violante Di Donato
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Perniola
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Fischetti
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Innocenza Palaia
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico "Umberto I", Rome, Italy
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28
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Wang J, Sun T, Meng Z, Wang L, Li M, Chen J, Qin T, Yu J, Zhang M, Bie Z, Dong Z, Jiang X, Lin L, Zhang C, Liu Z, Jiang R, Yang G, Li L, Zhang Y, Huang D. XPO1 inhibition synergizes with PARP1 inhibition in small cell lung cancer by targeting nuclear transport of FOXO3a. Cancer Lett 2021; 503:197-212. [PMID: 33493586 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patient mortality rates have remained stubbornly high for the past decades in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) because of having no standard targeted therapies with confirmed advantages at present. Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have shown promise in preclinical models but have had unsatisfactory clinical results in SCLC. By RNA-seq and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (ITRAQ), we revealed that PARP1 inhibition led to the relocalization of forkhead box-O3a (FOXO3a) from nuclear to cytoplasm. By performing co-Immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout plasmid we showed that FOXO3a was subject to exportin 1 (XPO1)-dependent nuclear export. We demonstrated the effects of the PARP inhibitor BMN673 on apoptosis and DNA damage were markedly enhanced by simultaneous inhibition of XPO1 in vitro. The combination of BMN673 and the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor inhibited primary SCLC cell proliferation in mini-patient-derived xenotransplants (miniPDXs) and markedly inhibited tumor growth without significant toxicity in xenograft models. The efficacy was enhanced for more than 2.5 times, compared to the single agent. Based on these findings, we further designed a novel dual PARP-XPO1 inhibitor and showed its effectiveness in SCLC. In this work, we illustrated that combining a PARP inhibitor with an XPO1 inhibitor is associated with significantly improved efficacy and tolerability. Dual PARP-XPO1 inhibition restored the FOXO3a balance and activity in SCLC. Collectively, targeting PARP1 and XPO1 opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention against SCLC, warranting further investigation in potential clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhaoting Meng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Liuchun Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Tingting Qin
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Jiangyong Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The No.1 Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050010, PR China
| | - Zhixin Bie
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xiangli Jiang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Cuicui Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Zhujun Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Richeng Jiang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The No.1 Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050010, PR China.
| | - Dingzhi Huang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, PR China; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
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Sinha A, Katyal S, Kauppinen TM. PARP-DNA trapping ability of PARP inhibitors jeopardizes astrocyte viability: Implications for CNS disease therapeutics. Neuropharmacology 2021; 187:108502. [PMID: 33631119 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is emerging interest in the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in neurodegeneration and potential of its therapeutic targeting in neurodegenerative disorders. New generations of PARP inhibitors exhibit polypharmacological properties; they do not only block enzymatic activity with lower doses, but also alter how PARP-1 interacts with DNA. While these new inhibitors have proven useful in cancer therapy due to their ability to kill cancer cell, their use in neurodegenerative disorders has an opposite goal: cell protection. We hypothesize that newer generation PARP-1 inhibitors jeopardize the viability of dividing CNS cells by promoting DNA damage upon the PARP-DNA interaction. Using enriched murine astrocyte cultures, our study evaluates the effects of a variety of drugs known to inhibit PARP; talazoparib, olaparib, PJ34 and minocycline. Despite similar PARP enzymatic inhibiting activities, we show here that these drugs result in varied cell viability. Talazoparib and olaparib reduce astrocyte growth in a dose-dependent manner, while astrocytes remain unaffected by PJ34 and minocycline. Similarly, PJ34 and minocycline do not jeopardize DNA integrity, while treatment with talazoparib and olaparib promote DNA damage. These two drugs impact astrocytes similarly in basal conditions and upon nitrosative stress, a pathological condition typical for neurodegeneration. Mechanistic assessment revealed that talazoparib and olaparib promote PARP trapping onto DNA in a dose-dependent manner, while PJ34 and minocycline do not induce PARP-DNA trapping. This study provides unique insight into the selective use of PARP inhibitors to treat neurodegenerative disorders whereby inhibition of PARP enzymatic activity must occur without deleteriously trapping PARP onto DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Sinha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave, RM ON5010, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E0V9, Canada; Kleysen Institute for Advance Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
| | - Sachin Katyal
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave, RM ON5010, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E0V9, Canada.
| | - Tiina M Kauppinen
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Kleysen Institute for Advance Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
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30
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Knelson EH, Patel SA, Sands JM. PARP Inhibitors in Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Rational Combinations to Improve Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:727. [PMID: 33578789 PMCID: PMC7916546 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in first-line treatment for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), durable responses remain rare. The DNA repair enzyme poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) was identified as a therapeutic target in SCLC using unbiased preclinical screens and confirmed in human and mouse models. Early trials of PARP inhibitors, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, showed promising but limited responses, suggesting that selecting patient subsets and treatment combinations will prove critical to further clinical development. Expression of SLFN11 and other components of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway appears to select for improved responses. Combining PARP inhibitors with agents that damage DNA and inhibit DDR appears particularly effective in preclinical and early trial data, as well as strategies that enhance antitumor immunity downstream of DNA damage. A robust understanding of the mechanisms of DDR in SCLC, which exhibits intrinsic replication stress, will improve selection of agents and predictive biomarkers. The most effective combinations will target multiple nodes in the DNA damage/DDR/immune activation cascade to minimize toxicity from synthetic lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shetal A. Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
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31
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Carneiro BA, Lotan TL, de Souza A, Aggarwal R. Emerging Subtypes and New Treatments for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2021; 40:e319-e332. [PMID: 32479115 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Genomic characterization of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has been remodeling the treatment landscape of this disease in the past decade. The emergence of molecularly defined subsets of mCRPC is altering the treatment paradigm from therapeutics with nonspecific activity across the spectrum, including androgen receptor (AR)-directed treatments, docetaxel, and cabazitaxel, to targeted approaches directed at molecular subsets of disease. The meaningful benefit of PARP inhibitors in mCRPC carrying mutations in DNA repair genes demonstrated in a phase III trial epitomizes this transition in the treatment paradigm of mCRPC and brings new challenges related to how to sequence and integrate the targeted therapies on top of the treatments with broad activity in all mCRPC. To enable and sustain the advance of precision oncology in the management of mCRPC, genomic characterization is required, including somatic and germline testing, for all patients with the ultimate goal of longitudinal molecular profiling guiding treatment decisions and sequential treatments of this lethal disease. This article reviews the emerging molecular subtypes of mCRPC that are driving the evolution of mCRPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedito A Carneiro
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.,Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andre de Souza
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.,Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI
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32
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BET-Inhibitor I-BET762 and PARP-Inhibitor Talazoparib Synergy in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249595. [PMID: 33339368 PMCID: PMC7766292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer with high mortality that is caused by frequent relapses and acquired resistance. Despite that several target-based approaches with potential therapeutic impact on SCLC have been identified, numerous targeted drugs have not been successful in providing improvements in cancer patients when used as single agents. A combination of targeted therapies could be a strategy to induce maximum lethal effects on cancer cells. As a starting point in the development of new drug combination strategies for the treatment of SCLC, we performed a mid-throughput screening assay by treating a panel of SCLC cell lines with BETi or AKi in combination with PARPi or EZH2i. We observed drug synergy between I-BET762 and Talazoparib, BETi and PARPi, respectively, in SCLC cells. Combinatorial efficacy was observed in MYCs-amplified and MYCs-wt SCLC cells over SCLC cells with impaired MYC signaling pathway or non-tumor cells. We indicate that drug synergy between I-BET762 and Talazoparib is associated with the attenuation HR-DSBR process and the downregulation of various players of DNA damage response by BET inhibition, such as CHEK2, PTEN, NBN, and FANCC. Our results provide a rationale for the development of new combinatorial strategies for the treatment of SCLC.
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33
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Pierret T, Toffart AC, Giaj Levra M, Moro-Sibilot D, Gobbini E. Advances and Therapeutic Perspectives in Extended-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3224. [PMID: 33139612 PMCID: PMC7692868 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Extended small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) is a very aggressive disease, characterized by rapid growth and an early tendency to relapse. In contrast to non-small cell lung cancer, no therapeutic innovation has improved survival in patients with ED-SCLC over the past 20 years. Recently, immunotherapy has shown an important role in the management of these patients, emerging as the treatment of first choice in combination with chemotherapy and completely changing the therapeutic paradigm. However, patients' selection for this strategy is still challenging due to a lack of reliable predictive biomarkers. Conversely, the immunotherapy efficacy beyond the first line is pretty disappointing and innovative chemotherapies or target agents seem to be more promising in this setting. Some of them are also under evaluation as an upfront strategy and they will probably change the treatment algorithm in the next future. This proposal provides a comprehensive overview of available treatment strategies for ED-SCLC patients, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pierret
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France; (T.P.); (A.-C.T.); (M.G.L.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Anne-Claire Toffart
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France; (T.P.); (A.-C.T.); (M.G.L.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Matteo Giaj Levra
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France; (T.P.); (A.-C.T.); (M.G.L.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Denis Moro-Sibilot
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France; (T.P.); (A.-C.T.); (M.G.L.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Elisa Gobbini
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France; (T.P.); (A.-C.T.); (M.G.L.); (D.M.-S.)
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
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34
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Bian X, Wang X, Zhang Q, Ma L, Cao G, Xu A, Han J, Huang J, Lin W. The MYC Paralog-PARP1 Axis as a Potential Therapeutic Target in MYC Paralog-Activated Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:565820. [PMID: 33134168 PMCID: PMC7578565 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.565820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is highly expressed in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and has emerged as an attractive target for treatment of SCLC. However, the clinical significance of PARP1 expression in SCLC remains elusive. In this study, we showed that high PARP1 expression was associated with better overall survival (OS), and was positively correlated with the expression of MYC paralogs in patients with SCLC. We demonstrated that PARP1 was transcriptionally regulated by MYC paralogs. Integrative analysis of multiple RNA-seq data sets indicated that DNA damage response (DDR) genes involved in the replication stress response (RSR) and homologous recombination (HR) repair pathways were highly enriched in MYC paralog-addicted SCLC cell models and in human SCLC specimens. Targeting the MYC paralog-PARP1 axis with concomitant BET and PARP inhibition resulted in synergistic effects in MYC paralog-activated SCLC. Our study identified a critical PARP1 regulatory pathway, and provided evidence for a rational combination treatment strategy for MYC paralog-activated SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Bian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Liying Ma
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Guozhen Cao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Ao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jinhua Han
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenchu Lin
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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35
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Frumovitz M, Westin SN, Salvo G, Zarifa A, Xu M, Yap TA, Rodon AJ, Karp DD, Abonofal A, Jazaeri AA, Naing A. Phase II study of pembrolizumab efficacy and safety in women with recurrent small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lower genital tract. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 158:570-575. [PMID: 32534809 PMCID: PMC7486997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in women with recurrent small cell neuroendocrine tumors of the lower genital tract. METHODS We conducted an open-label, investigator-initiated phase II basket trial of pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks in patients with rare tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02721732). The trial had prespecified cohorts, including small cell malignancies of extrapulmonary origin. Eligibility criteria included disease progression during standard treatment in the 6 months before study enrollment. Patients were enrolled from February 2017 to February 2019. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients alive without progression at 27 weeks. Response to pembrolizumab was evaluated every 9 weeks (3 cycles) with radiographic imaging. RESULTS Seven women with gynecologic extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma were enrolled, 6 with cervical and 1 with vulvar carcinoma. No patient was progression free at 27 weeks. At first radiologic assessment, 1 patient had stable disease, while 6 had progression. The single patient with stable disease at 6 weeks had disease progression at 14 weeks. The median progression-free interval was 2.1 months (range 0.8-3.3 months). Severe treatment-related adverse events (≥grade 3) were seen in 2 of 7 patients (29%); 1 patient had grade 3 asymptomatic elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase, and 1 had grade 3 asymptomatic elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase. CONCLUSIONS Pembrolizumab alone showed minimal activity in women with recurrent small cell neuroendocrine tumors of the lower genital tract. Treatment was well tolerated in the majority of study participants, and the rate of severe adverse events was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Gloria Salvo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Abdulrazzak Zarifa
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Mingxuan Xu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Ahnert J Rodon
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Daniel D Karp
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Abdulrahman Abonofal
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Amir A Jazaeri
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Aung Naing
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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36
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Carroll MR, Ramalingam P, Salvo G, Fujimoto J, Solis Soto LM, Phoolcharoen N, Hillman RT, Cardnell R, Byers L, Frumovitz M. Evaluation of PARP and PDL-1 as potential therapeutic targets for women with high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020; 30:1303-1307. [PMID: 32727929 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-001649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Women with recurrent high-grade neuroendocrine cervical cancer have few effective treatment options. The aim of this study was to identify potential therapeutic targets for women with this disease. METHODS Specimens from patients with high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix were identified from pathology files at MD Anderson Cancer Center. Immunohistochemical stains for PD-L1 (DAKO, clone 22-C3), mismatch repair proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2), somatostatin, and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were performed on sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. Nuclear PARP-1 staining was quantified using the H-score with a score of <40 considered low, 40-100 moderate, and ≥100 high. RESULTS Forty pathologic specimens from patients with high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix were examined (23 small cell, 5 large cell, 3 high-grade neuroendocrine, not otherwise specified, and 9 mixed). The mean age of the cohort was 43 years and the majority of patients (70%) were identified as white non-Hispanic. All 28 (100%) samples tested stained for mismatch repair proteins demonstrated intact expression, suggesting they were microsatellite stable tumors. Of the 31 samples tested for PD-L1 expression, only two (8%) of the 25 pure high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas were positive whereas three (50%) of the six mixed carcinoma tumors tested positive. Of the 11 small cell specimens tested for PARP-1, 10 (91%) showed PARP expression with six (55%) demonstrating high expression and four (36%) showing moderate expression. Somatostatin staining was negative in 18 of 19 small cell cases (95%). CONCLUSIONS Pure high-grade neuroendocrine cervical carcinomas were microsatellite stable and overwhelmingly negative for PD-L1 expression. As the majority of tumors tested expressed PARP-1, inclusion of PARP inhibitors in future clinical trials may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gloria Salvo
- Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Molecular and Translational Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luisa Maren Solis Soto
- Molecular and Translational Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Natacha Phoolcharoen
- Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert Tyler Hillman
- Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert Cardnell
- Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren Byers
- Thoracic/Head & Neck Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Frumovitz
- Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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37
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Amir M, Mohammad T, Dohare R, Islam A, Ahmad F, Imtaiyaz Hassan M. Structure, function and therapeutic implications of OB-fold proteins: A lesson from past to present. Brief Funct Genomics 2020; 19:377-389. [PMID: 32393969 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB)-fold proteins play essential roles in the regulation of genome and its correct transformation to the subsequent generation. To maintain the genomic stability, OB-fold proteins are implicated in various cellular processes including DNA replication, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and maintenance of telomere. The diverse functional spectrums of OB-fold proteins are mainly due to their involvement in protein-DNA and protein-protein complexes. Mutations and consequential structural alteration in the OB-fold proteins often lead to severe diseases. Here, we have investigated the structure, function and mode of action of OB-fold proteins (RPA, BRCA2, DNA ligases and SSBs1/2) in cellular pathways and their relationship with diseases and their possible use in therapeutic intervention. Due to the crucial role of OB-fold proteins in regulating the key physiological process, a detailed structural understanding in the context of underlying mechanism of action and cellular complexity offers a new avenue to target OB-proteins for therapeutic intervention.
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Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy and carries a poor prognosis with limited effective treatments in the advanced setting. SCLC is characterized by a high tumor mutation burden and alterations in Notch signaling and DNA damage repair pathways, providing rationale for the use of immunotherapy and targeted therapies. Immunotherapies have led to the most significant advances in treating SCLC in decades, and several promising targeted approaches have emerged from the increased understanding of the biology of SCLC. However, responses to these novel approaches are far from universal, and efforts to refine these therapies are ongoing.
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39
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Wang Y, Han X, Wang X, Sheng W, Chen Z, Shu W, Han J, Zhao S, Dai Y, Wang K, Shi W, Yang Z. Genomic based analyses reveal unique mutational profiling and identify prognostic biomarker for overall survival in Chinese small-cell lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2020; 49:1143-1150. [PMID: 31612912 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyz131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As an aggressive subtype of lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) presents a poor prognosis. Although molecular and clinical characteristics have been established for SCLC, limited investigation has been performed for predicting survival of SCLC patients. METHODS Genomic alterations were profiled in Chinese SCLC patients (N = 37) using targeted sequencing. Clonal mutation burden (CMB) integrated the number of mutations with the clonal structure of the tumor. Specific pathways involving DNA damage repair (DDR) and cell cycle as well as CMB were studied as potential biomarkers for prognosis of SCLC. RESULTS TP53 and RB1 gene mutations were the most common alterations (91.9% and 83.8%, respectively), followed by LRP1B, FAM135B, SPTA1, KMT2D, FAT1, and NOTCH3. Survival analysis revealed that mutation status of the DDR pathway was associated with worse OS in our cohort. Importantly, patients with higher CMB exhibited worse OS in our cohort and this observation was successfully validated in the cBioportal cohort. Moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated CMB as a promising independent prognostic factor for OS in Chinese SCLC patients. Interestingly, patients with loss of function of RB1, validated by immunohistochemistry staining, appeared to have worse OS. CONCLUSIONS The mutational profiling of Chinese SCLC patients signified an ethnicity dependent component. CMB was firstly found to be associated with OS of Chinese SCLC patients and could be regarded as a prognostic marker for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Experiment, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weibin Shu
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junqing Han
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Yi Dai
- OrigiMed Inc., Shanghai, China
| | | | - Weiwei Shi
- OrigiMed Inc., Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Guney Eskiler G, Cecener G, Egeli U, Tunca B. Talazoparib nanoparticles for overcoming multidrug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6230-6245. [PMID: 32017076 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we investigated efflux pumps-mediated talazoparib-resistance in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Furthermore, we produced a novel talazoparib-solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and then explored in vitro therapeutic efficacy of talazoparib-SLNs to overcome talazoparib-resistance in TNBC cells. Talazoparib-SLNs formulation was produced and then characterized. Calcein and Rho-123 were used to analyze the functional activity of drug efflux pumps in these cells. Additionally, RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used to detect the messenger RNA, and protein expression level, and cellular localization of the multidrug resistance (MDR1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and MRP1. We found that talazoparib efflux was mediated by BCRP and MRP1 pumps in TNBC cells. Talazoparib-SLNs could significantly enhance therapeutic efficacy of talazoparib. Furthermore, talazoparib-SLNs were more effective in the suppression of MDR1, BCRP, and MRP1 gene and protein expression levels than talazoparib. Consequently, this study suggests that talazoparib-SLNs formulation represents a promising therapeutic carrier to reverse MDR-mediated resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Lum C, Alamgeer M. Technological and Therapeutic Advances in Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1570. [PMID: 31619019 PMCID: PMC6826371 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 10-15% of all lung cancers. The prognosis is poor with median survival in the advanced stage remaining at around 12 months. Despite applying every known therapeutic approach, no major breakthrough has improved the overall survival in the last 30 years. Historically, experiments performed on conventional cell lines may have limitations of not accurately reflecting the complex biological and genomic heterogeneity of this disease. However, additional knowledge gained from recently developed genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and patient derived xenografts (PDXs) have made encouraging inroads. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data reveals a high mutational burden and a number of genetic alterations but low frequency of targetable mutations. Despite several failures, considerable therapeutic opportunities have recently emerged. Potentially promising therapies include those targeting DNA damage repair, stem cell/renewal and drug resistant mechanisms. Modest success has also been achieved with immune checkpoint inhibitors while therapeutic exploration of various other components of the immune system is underway. However, the complex heterogeneities reflect the need for accurate bio-markers to translate novel discoveries into clinical benefit. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms that differentiate chemo-sensitive from chemo-refractory disease remain unknown. Obtaining reliable tumour samples by utilising novel techniques such as endobronchial ultrasound guided needle aspiration or adopting to liquid biopsies are becoming popular. This review will focus on recent technological and therapeutic advancements to surmount this recalcitrant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lum
- Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Muhammad Alamgeer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
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42
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Targeting DNA Replication Stress and DNA Double-Strand Break Repair for Optimizing SCLC Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091289. [PMID: 31480716 PMCID: PMC6770306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), accounting for about 15% of all cases of lung cancer worldwide, is the most lethal form of lung cancer. Despite an initially high response rate of SCLC to standard treatment, almost all patients are invariably relapsed within one year. Effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes. Replication stress is a hallmark of SCLC due to several intrinsic factors. As a consequence, constitutive activation of the replication stress response (RSR) pathway and DNA damage repair system is involved in counteracting this genotoxic stress. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of such RSR and DNA damage repair pathways will be likely to kill SCLC cells preferentially and may be exploited in improving chemotherapeutic efficiency through interfering with DNA replication to exert their functions. Here, we summarize potentially valuable targets involved in the RSR and DNA damage repair pathways, rationales for targeting them in SCLC treatment and ongoing clinical trials, as well as possible predictive biomarkers for patient selection in the management of SCLC.
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43
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Sen T, Della Corte CM, Milutinovic S, Cardnell RJ, Diao L, Ramkumar K, Gay CM, Stewart CA, Fan Y, Shen L, Hansen RJ, Strouse B, Hedrick MP, Hassig CA, Heymach JV, Wang J, Byers LA. Combination Treatment of the Oral CHK1 Inhibitor, SRA737, and Low-Dose Gemcitabine Enhances the Effect of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Blockade by Modulating the Immune Microenvironment in SCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:2152-2163. [PMID: 31470128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the enthusiasm surrounding cancer immunotherapy, most SCLC patients show very modest response to immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy treatment. Therefore, there is growing interest in combining immune checkpoint blockade with chemotherapy and other treatments to enhance immune checkpoint blockade efficacy. Based on favorable clinical trial results, chemotherapy and immunotherapy combinations have been recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for frontline treatment for SCLC. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that combined treatment of SRA737, an oral CHK1 inhibitor, and anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) leads to an antitumor response in multiple cancer models, including SCLC. We further show that combining low, non-cytotoxic doses of gemcitabine with SRA737 + anti-PD-L1/anti-PD-1 significantly increased antitumorigenic CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, dendritic cells, and M1 macrophage populations in an SCLC model. This regimen also led to a significant decrease in immunosuppressive M2 macrophage and myeloid-derived suppressor cell populations, as well as an increase in the expression of the type I interferon beta 1 gene, IFNβ, and chemokines, CCL5 and CXCL10. CONCLUSIONS Given that anti-PD-L1/anti-PD-1 drugs have recently been approved as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of SCLC, and that the SRA737 + low dose gemcitabine regimen is currently in clinical trials for SCLC and other malignancies, our preclinical data provide a strong rational for combining this regimen with inhibitors of the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carminia M Della Corte
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Robert J Cardnell
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kavya Ramkumar
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - C Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Youhong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ryan J Hansen
- Sierra Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bryan Strouse
- Sierra Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Whittaker K, Burgess R, Jones V, Yang Y, Zhou W, Luo S, Wilson J, Huang R. Quantitative proteomic analyses in blood: A window to human health and disease. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:759-775. [PMID: 31329329 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr1118-440r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shuhong Luo
- RayBiotech Life Norcross Georgia USA
- RayBiotech Life Guangzhou Guangdong China
- South China Biochip Research Center Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | | | - Ruo‐Pan Huang
- RayBiotech Life Norcross Georgia USA
- RayBiotech Life Guangzhou Guangdong China
- South China Biochip Research Center Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
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Raoof S, Mulford IJ, Frisco-Cabanos H, Nangia V, Timonina D, Labrot E, Hafeez N, Bilton SJ, Drier Y, Ji F, Greenberg M, Williams A, Kattermann K, Damon L, Sovath S, Rakiec DP, Korn JM, Ruddy DA, Benes CH, Hammerman PS, Piotrowska Z, Sequist LV, Niederst MJ, Barretina J, Engelman JA, Hata AN. Targeting FGFR overcomes EMT-mediated resistance in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:6399-6413. [PMID: 31324888 PMCID: PMC6742540 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evolved resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeted therapies
remains a major clinical challenge. In EGFR mutant non-small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC), failure of EGFR TKIs can result from both genetic and
epigenetic mechanisms of acquired drug resistance. Widespread reports of
histologic and gene expression changes consistent with an
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) have been associated with initially
surviving drug tolerant persister cells, which can seed bona
fide genetic mechanisms of resistance to EGFR TKIs. While
therapeutic approaches targeting fully resistant cells, such as those harboring
an EGFRT790M mutation, have been developed, a clinical strategy for
preventing the emergence of persister cells remains elusive. Using mesenchymal
cell lines derived from biopsies of patients who progressed on EGFR TKI as
surrogates for persister populations, we performed whole-genome CRISPR screening
and identified FGFR1 as the top target promoting survival of mesenchymal EGFR
mutant cancers. Although numerous previous reports of FGFR signaling
contributing to EGFR TKI resistance in vitro exist, the data has not yet been
sufficiently compelling to instigate a clinical trial testing this hypothesis,
nor has the role of FGFR in promoting the survival of persister cells been
elucidated. In this study, we find that combining EGFR and FGFR inhibitors
inhibited the survival and expansion of EGFR mutant drug
tolerant cells over long time periods, preventing the development of fully
resistant cancers in multiple vitro models and in vivo. These results suggest
that dual EGFR and FGFR blockade may be a promising clinical strategy for both
preventing and overcoming EMT-associated acquired drug resistance and provide
motivation for clinical study of combined EGFR and FGFR inhibition in
EGFR-mutated NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Raoof
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Iain J Mulford
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Varuna Nangia
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Daria Timonina
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Emma Labrot
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nafeeza Hafeez
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samantha J Bilton
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yotam Drier
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Fei Ji
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Max Greenberg
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - August Williams
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Leah Damon
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Sosathya Sovath
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Rakiec
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua M Korn
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David A Ruddy
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cyril H Benes
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter S Hammerman
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zofia Piotrowska
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lecia V Sequist
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Niederst
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jordi Barretina
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Engelman
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron N Hata
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Pilié PG, Gay CM, Byers LA, O'Connor MJ, Yap TA. PARP Inhibitors: Extending Benefit Beyond BRCA-Mutant Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3759-3771. [PMID: 30760478 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A mounting body of evidence now indicates that PARP inhibitors have the potential to be used as a foundation for both monotherapy and combination strategies across a wide spectrum of molecular backgrounds and tumor types. Although PARP inhibitors as a class display many similarities, critical differences in structure can translate into differences in tolerability and antitumor activity that have important implications for the clinic. Furthermore, while PARP inhibitors have demonstrated a clear role in treating tumors with underlying homologous recombination deficiencies, there is now biological and early clinical evidence to support their use in other molecular subsets of cancer, including tumors associated with high levels of replication stress such as small-cell lung cancer. In this article, we highlight the key similarities and differences between individual PARP inhibitors and their implications for the clinic. We discuss data that currently support clinical strategies for extending the benefit of PARP inhibitors beyond BRCA-mutant cancers, toward broader populations of patients through the use of novel biomarkers of homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), as well as predictive biomarkers rooted in mechanisms of sensitivity outside of HRD. We also explore the potential application of PARP inhibitors in earlier treatment settings, including neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and even chemoprevention approaches. Finally, we focus on promising combination therapeutic strategies, such as those with other DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitors such as ATR inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and non-DDR-targeted agents that induce "chemical BRCAness."
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Pilié
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mark J O'Connor
- Oncology Innovative Medicines and Early Clinical Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Khalifa Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- The Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Labrie M, Kim TB, Ju Z, Lee S, Zhao W, Fang Y, Lu Y, Chen K, Ramirez P, Frumovitz M, Meyer L, Fleming ND, Sood AK, Coleman RL, Mills GB, Westin SN. Adaptive responses in a PARP inhibitor window of opportunity trial illustrate limited functional interlesional heterogeneity and potential combination therapy options. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3533-3546. [PMID: 31191824 PMCID: PMC6544405 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi)-based combination therapies are demonstrating efficacy in patients, however, identifying the right combination for the right patient remains a critical challenge. Thus, it is urgent to develop approaches able to identify patients likely to benefit from specific combination therapies. Several groups, including ours, have demonstrated that targeting adaptive responses induced by PARPi increases depth and duration of response. In this study, we instituted a talazoparib (PARPi) monotherapy window of opportunity trial to identify informative adaptive responses in high grade serous ovarian cancer patients (HGSOC). Patients were treated for 7 to 14 days with PARPi monotherapy prior to surgery with tissue samples from multiple sites being collected pre- and post-treatment in each patient. Analysis of these samples demonstrated that individual patients displayed different adaptive responses with limited interlesional heterogeneity. Ability of combination therapies designed to interdict adaptive responses to decrease viability was validated using model systems. Thus, assessment of adaptive responses to PARPi provides an opportunity for patient-specific selection of combination therapies designed to interdict patient-specific adaptive responses to maximize patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Labrie
- Knight Cancer Institute and Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tae-Beom Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenlin Ju
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yong Fang
- Knight Cancer Institute and Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedro Ramirez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Larissa Meyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole D Fleming
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute and Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Sen T, Rodriguez BL, Chen L, Corte CMD, Morikawa N, Fujimoto J, Cristea S, Nguyen T, Diao L, Li L, Fan Y, Yang Y, Wang J, Glisson BS, Wistuba II, Sage J, Heymach JV, Gibbons DL, Byers LA. Targeting DNA Damage Response Promotes Antitumor Immunity through STING-Mediated T-cell Activation in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:646-661. [PMID: 30777870 PMCID: PMC6563834 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 529] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the use of immunotherapy, only a minority of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) respond to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we show that targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) proteins PARP and checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) significantly increased protein and surface expression of PD-L1. PARP or CHK1 inhibition remarkably potentiated the antitumor effect of PD-L1 blockade and augmented cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in multiple immunocompetent SCLC in vivo models. CD8+ T-cell depletion reversed the antitumor effect, demonstrating the role of CD8+ T cells in combined DDR-PD-L1 blockade in SCLC. We further demonstrate that DDR inhibition activated the STING/TBK1/IRF3 innate immune pathway, leading to increased levels of chemokines such as CXCL10 and CCL5 that induced activation and function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Knockdown of cGAS and STING successfully reversed the antitumor effect of combined inhibition of DDR and PD-L1. Our results define previously unrecognized innate immune pathway-mediated immunomodulatory functions of DDR proteins and provide a rationale for combining PARP/CHK1 inhibitors and immunotherapies in SCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results define previously unrecognized immunomodulatory functions of DDR inhibitors and suggest that adding PARP or CHK1 inhibitors to ICB may enhance treatment efficacy in patients with SCLC. Furthermore, our study supports a role of innate immune STING pathway in DDR-mediated antitumor immunity in SCLC.See related commentary by Hiatt and MacPherson, p. 584.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 565.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - B Leticia Rodriguez
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Limo Chen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carminia M Della Corte
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Naoto Morikawa
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sandra Cristea
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Thuyen Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Youhong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yongbin Yang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bonnie S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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49
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Lampert EJ, Hays JL, Kohn EC, Annunziata CM, Minasian L, Yu M, Gordon N, Sissung TM, Chiou VL, Figg WD, Houston N, Lee JM. Phase I/Ib study of olaparib and carboplatin in heavily pretreated recurrent high-grade serous ovarian cancer at low genetic risk. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2855-2868. [PMID: 31080557 PMCID: PMC6499601 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate maximum tolerated dose (MTD), activity and predictive biomarkers of olaparib with carboplatin in BRCA wild-type (BRCAwt) high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) patients. Methods: A 3+3 dose escalation study examined olaparib capsules (400 mg twice daily [BID], days 1-7) with carboplatin (AUC3-5 on day 1) every 21 days for 8 cycles, followed by olaparib 400 mg BID maintenance. Blood and tumor biopsy samples were collected pre- and on-treatment in the expansion cohort for PAR levels and proteomic endpoints. Results: 30 patients (median 7 prior regimens [2-12], 63% (19/30) platinum-resistant) were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicity was thrombocytopenia/neutropenia, and infection with carboplatin AUC5 (2/6 patients). MTD was olaparib 400 mg BID + carboplatin AUC4. Grade 3/4 adverse events (>10%) included neutropenia (23%), thrombocytopenia (20%), and anemia (13%). Five of 25 (20%) evaluable patients had partial response (PR; median 4.5 months [3.3-9.5]). Clinical benefit rate (PR + stable disease ≥4 months) was 64% (16/25). A greater decrease in tissue PAR levels was seen in the clinical benefit group versus no benefit (median normalized linear change -1.84 [-3.39- -0.28] vs 0.51 [-0.27- 1.29], p = 0.001) and a DNA repair score by proteomics did not correlate with response. Conclusions: The olaparib and carboplatin combination is tolerable and has clinical benefit in subsets of heavily pretreated BRCAwt HGSOC, independent of platinum sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J. Lampert
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Elise C. Kohn
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christina M. Annunziata
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lori Minasian
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Minshu Yu
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicolas Gordon
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tristan M. Sissung
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victoria L. Chiou
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William D. Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Houston
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Women’s Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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50
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Ma S, Pradeep S, Villar-Prados A, Wen Y, Bayraktar E, Mangala LS, Kim MS, Wu SY, Hu W, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Leuschner C, Liang X, Ram PT, Schlacher K, Coleman RL, Sood AK. GnRH-R-Targeted Lytic Peptide Sensitizes BRCA Wild-type Ovarian Cancer to PARP Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:969-979. [PMID: 30926640 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
EP-100 is a synthetic lytic peptide that specifically targets the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor on cancer cells. To extend the utility of EP-100, we aimed to identify effective combination therapies with EP-100 for ovarian cancer and explore potential mechanisms of this combination. A series of in vitro (MTT assay, immunoblot analysis, reverse-phase protein array, comet assay, and immunofluorescence staining) and in vivo experiments were carried out to determine the biological effects of EP-100 alone and in combination with standard-of-care drugs. EP-100 decreased the viability of ovarian cancer cells and reduced tumor growth in orthotopic mouse models. Of five standard drugs tested (cisplatin, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, topotecan, and olaparib), we found that the combination of EP-100 and olaparib was synergistic in ovarian cancer cell lines. Further experiments revealed that combined treatment of EP-100 and olaparib significantly increased the number of nuclear foci of phosphorylated histone H2AX. In addition, the extent of DNA damage was significantly increased after treatment with EP-100 and olaparib in comet assay. We performed reverse-phase protein array analyses and identified that the PI3K/AKT pathway was inhibited by EP-100, which we validated with in vitro experiments. In vivo experiment using the HeyA8 mouse model demonstrated that mice treated with EP-100 and olaparib had lower tumor weights (0.06 ± 0.13 g) than those treated with a vehicle (1.19 ± 1.09 g), EP-100 alone (0.62 ± 0.78 g), or olaparib alone (0.50 ± 0.63 g). Our findings indicate that combining EP-100 with olaparib is a promising therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Ma
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Alejandro Villar-Prados
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mark Seungwook Kim
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carola Leuschner
- VP of Research and Development, Esperance Pharmaceuticals, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Prahlad T Ram
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Katharina Schlacher
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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