1
|
Sándor N, Schneider AE, Matola AT, Barbai VH, Bencze D, Hammad HH, Papp A, Kövesdi D, Uzonyi B, Józsi M. The human factor H protein family - an update. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1135490. [PMID: 38410512 PMCID: PMC10894998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1135490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Complement is an ancient and complex network of the immune system and, as such, it plays vital physiological roles, but it is also involved in numerous pathological processes. The proper regulation of the complement system is important to allow its sufficient and targeted activity without deleterious side-effects. Factor H is a major complement regulator, and together with its splice variant factor H-like protein 1 and the five human factor H-related (FHR) proteins, they have been linked to various diseases. The role of factor H in inhibiting complement activation is well studied, but the function of the FHRs is less characterized. Current evidence supports the main role of the FHRs as enhancers of complement activation and opsonization, i.e., counter-balancing the inhibitory effect of factor H. FHRs emerge as soluble pattern recognition molecules and positive regulators of the complement system. In addition, factor H and some of the FHR proteins were shown to modulate the activity of immune cells, a non-canonical function outside the complement cascade. Recent efforts have intensified to study factor H and the FHRs and develop new tools for the distinction, quantification and functional characterization of members of this protein family. Here, we provide an update and overview on the versatile roles of factor H family proteins, what we know about their biological functions in healthy conditions and in diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Sándor
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Veronika H. Barbai
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Bencze
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hani Hashim Hammad
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Papp
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen X, Gula H, Pius T, Ou C, Gomozkova M, Wang LX, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. Immunoglobulin G subclasses confer protection against Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream dissemination through distinct mechanisms in mouse models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220765120. [PMID: 36972444 PMCID: PMC10083571 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220765120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies bind target molecules with exquisite specificity. The removal of these targets is mediated by the effector functions of antibodies. We reported earlier that the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3F6 promotes opsonophagocytic killing of Staphylococcus aureus in blood and reduces bacterial replication in animals. Here, we generated mouse immunoglobulin G (mIgG) subclass variants and observed a hierarchy in protective efficacy 3F6-mIgG2a > 3F6-mIgG1 ≥ 3F6-mIgG2b >> 3F6-mIgG3 following bloodstream challenge of C57BL/6J mice. This hierarchy was not observed in BALB/cJ mice: All IgG subclasses conferred similar protection. IgG subclasses differ in their ability to activate complement and interact with Fcγ receptors (FcγR) on immune cells. 3F6-mIgG2a-dependent protection was lost in FcγR-deficient, but not in complement-deficient C57BL/6J animals. Measurements of the relative ratio of FcγRIV over complement receptor 3 (CR3) on neutrophils suggest the preferential expression of FcγRIV in C57BL/6 mice and of CR3 in BALB/cJ mice. To determine the physiological significance of these differing ratios, blocking antibodies against FcγRIV or CR3 were administered to animals before challenge. Correlating with the relative abundance of each receptor, 3F6-mIgG2a-dependent protection in C57BL/6J mice showed a greater reliance for FcγRIV while protection in BALB/cJ mice was only impaired upon neutralization of CR3. Thus, 3F6-based clearance of S. aureus in mice relies on a strain-specific contribution of variable FcγR- and complement-dependent pathways. We surmise that these variabilities are the result of genetic polymorphism(s) that may be encountered in other mammals including humans and may have clinical implications in predicting the efficacy of mAb-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, The University of Chicago, Lemont, IL60439
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen518132, China
| | - Haley Gula
- Department of Microbiology, Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, The University of Chicago, Lemont, IL60439
| | - Tonu Pius
- Department of Microbiology, Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, The University of Chicago, Lemont, IL60439
| | - Chong Ou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
| | - Margaryta Gomozkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD20742
| | - Olaf Schneewind
- Department of Microbiology, Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, The University of Chicago, Lemont, IL60439
| | - Dominique Missiakas
- Department of Microbiology, Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, The University of Chicago, Lemont, IL60439
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Huang X, Li F, Jia X, Jia N, Fu J, Liu S, Zhang J, Ge H, Huang S, Hui Y, Sun C, Xiao F, Cui X, Luu LDW, Qu D, Li J, Tai J. Serum-integrated omics reveal the host response landscape for severe pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. Crit Care 2023; 27:79. [PMID: 36859478 PMCID: PMC9976684 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the primary cause of death for children under five years of age globally. Hence, it is essential to investigate new early biomarkers and potential mechanisms involved in disease severity. METHODS Proteomics combined with metabolomics was performed to identify biomarkers suitable for early diagnosis of severe CAP. In the training cohort, proteomics and metabolomics were performed on serum samples obtained from 20 severe CAPs (S-CAPs), 15 non-severe CAPs (NS-CAPs) and 15 healthy controls (CONs). In the verification cohort, selected biomarkers and their combinations were validated using ELISA and metabolomics in an independent cohort of 129 subjects. Finally, a combined proteomics and metabolomics analysis was performed to understand the major pathological features and reasons for severity of CAP. RESULTS The proteomic and metabolic signature was markedly different between S-CAPs, NS-CAPs and CONs. A new serum biomarker panel including 2 proteins [C-reactive protein (CRP), lipopolysaccharide (LBP)] and 3 metabolites [Fasciculol C, PE (14:0/16:1(19Z)), PS (20:0/22:6(4Z, 7Z, 10Z, 13Z, 16Z, 19Z))] was developed to identify CAP and to distinguish severe pneumonia. Pathway analysis of changes revealed activation of the cell death pathway, a dysregulated complement system, coagulation cascade and platelet function, and the inflammatory responses as contributors to tissue damage in children with CAP. Additionally, activation of glycolysis and higher levels of nucleotides led to imbalanced deoxyribonucleotide pools contributing to the development of severe CAP. Finally, dysregulated lipid metabolism was also identified as a potential pathological mechanism for severe progression of CAP. CONCLUSION The integrated analysis of the proteome and metabolome might open up new ways in diagnosing and uncovering the complexity of severity of CAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinbei Jia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Jia
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Fu
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Ge
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hui
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Sun
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodai Cui
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Dong Qu
- Department of Critical Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jieqiong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wan Z, Li X, Luo X, Wang B, Zhou X, Chen A. The miR-590-3p/CFHR3/STAT3 signaling pathway promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5783-5799. [PMID: 35852862 PMCID: PMC9365569 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that Complement factor H-related 3 (CFHR3) plays an essential role in various diseases. However, the biological functions of CFHR3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unclear. Therefore, we perform a further study on CFHR3 in HCC. In this article, we report the suppressive role of CFHR3 in the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. CFHR3 downregulation is closely associated with large (T3-T4) HCC, tumor recurrence, and advanced (stage III-IV) clinical stage, functioning as an independent factor for the prognoses of HCC patients. Knockdown of CFHR3 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Mechanistically, downregulation of CFHR3 is induced by miR-590-3p binding to the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of CFHR3. CFHR3 downregulation promotes the phosphorylation of STAT3 protein, thereby suppressing p53 expression. The promotional effect upon downregulation of CFHR3 induced by CFHR3 stable knockdown or miR-590-3p on HCC cell malignant phenotypes is attenuated by STAT3 inhibitor, S3I-201. In conclusion, our results reveal that CFHR3 is a protective biomarker for HCC patients, and targeting the miR-590-3p/CFHR3/p-STAT3/p53 signaling axis provides a promising strategy for HCC therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhong Wan
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingrun Li
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinru Luo
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bofan Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ao Chen
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 0000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 0000, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Complement Factor H related protein 1 and immune inflammatory disorders. Mol Immunol 2022; 145:43-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
6
|
Ruan Y, Jiang S, Gericke A. Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role of Oxidative Stress and Blood Vessels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031296. [PMID: 33525498 PMCID: PMC7866075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common irreversible ocular disease characterized by vision impairment among older people. Many risk factors are related to AMD and interact with each other in its pathogenesis. Notably, oxidative stress and choroidal vascular dysfunction were suggested to be critically involved in AMD pathogenesis. In this review, we give an overview on the factors contributing to the pathophysiology of this multifactorial disease and discuss the role of reactive oxygen species and vascular function in more detail. Moreover, we give an overview on therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ruan
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-178-276 (Y.R. & A.G.)
| | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-178-276 (Y.R. & A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Boer ECW, van Mourik AG, Jongerius I. Therapeutic Lessons to be Learned From the Role of Complement Regulators as Double-Edged Sword in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:578069. [PMID: 33362763 PMCID: PMC7758290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system, providing a strong defense against pathogens and removing apoptotic cells and immune complexes. Due to its strength, it is important that healthy human cells are protected against damage induced by the complement system. To be protected from complement, each cell type relies on a specific combination of both soluble and membrane-bound regulators. Their importance is indicated by the amount of pathologies associated with abnormalities in these complement regulators. Here, we will discuss the current knowledge on complement regulatory protein polymorphisms and expression levels together with their link to disease. These diseases often result in red blood cell destruction or occur in the eye, kidney or brain, which are tissues known for aberrant complement activity or regulation. In addition, complement regulators have also been associated with different types of cancer, although their mechanisms here have not been elucidated yet. In most of these pathologies, treatments are limited and do not prevent the complement system from attacking host cells, but rather fight the consequences of the complement-mediated damage, using for example blood transfusions in anemic patients. Currently only few drugs targeting the complement system are used in the clinic. With further demand for therapeutics rising linked to the wide range of complement-mediated disease we should broaden our horizon towards treatments that can actually protect the host cells against complement. Here, we will discuss the latest insights on how complement regulators can benefit therapeutics. Such therapeutics are currently being developed extensively, and can be categorized into full-length complement regulators, engineered complement system regulators and antibodies targeting complement regulators. In conclusion, this review provides an overview of the complement regulatory proteins and their links to disease, together with their potential in the development of novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther C W de Boer
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anouk G van Mourik
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ilse Jongerius
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Role of Complement in the Mechanism of Action of Therapeutic Anti-Cancer mAbs. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9040058. [PMID: 33126570 PMCID: PMC7709112 DOI: 10.3390/antib9040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unconjugated anti-cancer IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) activate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by natural killer (NK) cells and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) by macrophages, and these activities are thought to be important mechanisms of action for many of these mAbs in vivo. Several mAbs also activate the classical complement pathway and promote complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), although with very different levels of efficacy, depending on the mAb, the target antigen, and the tumor type. Recent studies have unraveled the various structural factors that define why some IgG1 mAbs are strong mediators of CDC, whereas others are not. The role of complement activation and membrane inhibitors expressed by tumor cells, most notably CD55 and CD59, has also been quite extensively studied, but how much these affect the resistance of tumors in vivo to IgG1 therapeutic mAbs still remains incompletely understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that complement activation has multiple effects beyond target cell lysis, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity mediated by soluble complement fragments, such as C3a and C5a, and by stimulating complement receptors expressed by immune cells, including NK cells, neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, and dendritic cells. Complement activation can enhance ADCC and ADCP and may contribute to the vaccine effect of mAbs. These different aspects of complement are also briefly reviewed in the specific context of FDA-approved therapeutic anti-cancer IgG1 mAbs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu G, Yan Y, Wang X, Ren X, Chen X, Zeng S, Wei J, Qian L, Yang X, Ou C, Lin W, Gong Z, Zhou J, Xu Z. CFHR1 is a potentially downregulated gene in lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3642-3648. [PMID: 31485643 PMCID: PMC6755197 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that human complement factor H‑related protein 1 (CFHR1) plays a crucial role in the development of malignant diseases. However, few studies have identified the roles of CFHR1 in the occurrence and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). In the present study, comprehensive bioinformatic analyses of data obtained from the Oncomine platform, UALCAN and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) demonstrated that CFHR1 expression is significantly reduced in both LADC tissues and cancer cells. The patients presenting with downregulation of CFHR1 had significantly lower overall survival (OS) and post progression survival (PPS) times. Through analysis of the datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found that the compound actinomycin D promoted CFHR1 expression, further displaying the cytotoxic effect in the LADC cell line A549. In addition, the expression level of CFHR1 in the cisplatin‑resistant LADC cell line CDDP‑R (derived from H460) was also significantly reduced. Our research demonstrated that low levels of CFHR1 are specifically found in LADC samples, and CFHR1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for this subset of lung cancers. Determination of the detailed roles of CFHR1 in LADC biology could provide insightful information for further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geting Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rosenbaum CA, Jung SH, Pitcher B, Bartlett NL, Smith SM, Hsi E, Wagner-Johnston N, Thomas SP, Leonard JP, Cheson BD. Phase 2 multicentre study of single-agent ofatumumab in previously untreated follicular lymphoma: CALGB 50901 (Alliance). Br J Haematol 2019; 185:53-64. [PMID: 30723894 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rituximab monotherapy has proven efficacy in treatment-naïve, asymptomatic advanced-stage follicular lymphoma (FL). Ofatumumab is a fully humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with increased CD20 affinity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. This phase 2 trial (NCT01190449) evaluated ofatumumab in patients with untreated, low/intermediate-risk FL International Prognostic Index (FLIPI), advanced-stage FL to determine single-agent efficacy. Patients with measurable disease in stages III/IV or bulky stage II, regardless of Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes Folliculaires criteria, received 4 weekly 1000 mg doses followed by four extended induction doses once every 8 weeks. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) to 1000 mg; secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Fifty-one patients were enrolled. Fifteen patients were randomized to 500 mg prior to discontinuing that arm for slow accrual. Among 36 patients on the 1000 mg arm, ORR was 84%, median PFS was 1·9 years and median response duration was 23·7 months. All patients remain alive. No grade 4 infusion reactions or grade 3/4 infections occurred. Grade 3 infusion reactions occurred in 25% in the 1000 mg arm only (all first infusion); all but two patients continued on study. Discontinuation was 6% for the total study population. Ofatumumab monotherapy administered by extended induction in untreated, low/intermediate-risk FLIPI, advanced-stage FL is well tolerated and active. Activity appears similar to that reported with single-agent rituximab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara A Rosenbaum
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Brandelyn Pitcher
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nancy L Bartlett
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sonali M Smith
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric Hsi
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - John P Leonard
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce D Cheson
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
The benefits of polyclonal antibodies as tools for assay-specific target discovery and detection are numerous. As the future of basic research, diagnostics and biomarker discovery is dependent on high-quality reproducible data, there is a need to understand the importance and benefits of these valuable tools. All antibody forms - polyclonal, hybridoma-based monoclonal and recombinant monoclonal - have pros and cons for development, validation and use. Yet, polyclonal antibodies are embroiled in a firestorm of controversy concerning data reproducibility. We address best practices for developing and using polyclonal antibodies, pitfalls to their use and how to avoid them, and benefits to the life science community. Eliminating their use risks overlooking the unique benefits of polyclonal antibodies as 'fit-for-purpose' life science tools.
Collapse
|
12
|
Pierpont TM, Limper CB, Richards KL. Past, Present, and Future of Rituximab-The World's First Oncology Monoclonal Antibody Therapy. Front Oncol 2018; 8:163. [PMID: 29915719 PMCID: PMC5994406 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rituximab is a chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy with binding specificity to CD20. It was the first therapeutic antibody approved for oncology patients and was the top-selling oncology drug for nearly a decade with sales reaching $8.58 billion in 2016. Since its initial approval in 1997, it has improved outcomes in all B-cell malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Despite widespread use, most mechanistic data have been gathered from in vitro studies while the roles of the various response mechanisms in humans are still largely undetermined. Polymorphisms in Fc gamma receptor and complement protein genes have been implicated as potential predictors of differential response to rituximab, but have not yet shown sufficient influence to impact clinical decisions. Unlike most targeted therapies developed today, no known biomarkers to indicate target engagement/tumor response have been identified, aside from reduced tumor burden. The lack of companion biomarkers beyond CD20 itself has made it difficult to predict which patients will respond to any given anti-CD20 antibody. In the past decade, two new anti-CD20 antibodies have been approved: ofatumumab, which binds a distinct epitope of CD20, and obinutuzumab, a mAb derived from rituximab with modifications to the Fc portion and to its glycosylation. Both are fully humanized and have biological activity that is distinct from that of rituximab. In addition to these new anti-CD20 antibodies, another imminent change in targeted lymphoma treatment is the multitude of biosimilars that are becoming available as rituximab's patent expires. While the widespread use of rituximab itself will likely continue, its biosimilars will increase global access to the therapy. This review discusses current research into mechanisms and potential biomarkers of rituximab response, as well as its biosimilars and the newer CD20 binding mAb therapies. Increased ability to assess the effectiveness of rituximab in an individual patient, along with the availability of alternative anti-CD20 antibodies will likely lead to dramatic changes in how we use CD20 antibodies going forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Pierpont
- Richards Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Candice B. Limper
- Richards Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Kristy L. Richards
- Richards Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|