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Sándor N, Schneider AE, Matola AT, Barbai VH, Bencze D, Hammad HH, Papp A, Kövesdi D, Uzonyi B, Józsi M. The human factor H protein family - an update. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1135490. [PMID: 38410512 PMCID: PMC10894998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1135490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Complement is an ancient and complex network of the immune system and, as such, it plays vital physiological roles, but it is also involved in numerous pathological processes. The proper regulation of the complement system is important to allow its sufficient and targeted activity without deleterious side-effects. Factor H is a major complement regulator, and together with its splice variant factor H-like protein 1 and the five human factor H-related (FHR) proteins, they have been linked to various diseases. The role of factor H in inhibiting complement activation is well studied, but the function of the FHRs is less characterized. Current evidence supports the main role of the FHRs as enhancers of complement activation and opsonization, i.e., counter-balancing the inhibitory effect of factor H. FHRs emerge as soluble pattern recognition molecules and positive regulators of the complement system. In addition, factor H and some of the FHR proteins were shown to modulate the activity of immune cells, a non-canonical function outside the complement cascade. Recent efforts have intensified to study factor H and the FHRs and develop new tools for the distinction, quantification and functional characterization of members of this protein family. Here, we provide an update and overview on the versatile roles of factor H family proteins, what we know about their biological functions in healthy conditions and in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Sándor
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Veronika H. Barbai
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Bencze
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hani Hashim Hammad
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Papp
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Complement Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Bulla R, Józsi M. Editorial: Updates on the complement system in kidney diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196487. [PMID: 37090708 PMCID: PMC10117886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), at the Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Mihály Józsi,
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3
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Gyenes A, István L, Benyó F, Papp A, Resch M, Sándor N, Józsi M, Nagy ZZ, Kovács I, Kiss S. Intraocular neutralizing antibodies against aflibercept in patients with age related macular degeneration. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:14. [PMID: 36627583 PMCID: PMC9830890 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect immunoglobulins in aqueous humour of AMD patients after repeated administration of intravitreal aflibercept. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients (age: 77.85 ± 9.21 years) previously treated with intravitreal aflibercept due to wet type age-related macular degeneration (AMD group) and 18 age-matched control subjects (age: 69.75 ± 12.67 years) were included in this study. Patients in the AMD group received a mean of 5 intravitreal injections (min: 1 max: 17) prior to the cataract surgery. Samples of aqueous humour (50 μl) were obtained by anterior chamber paracentesis as the first step of routine cataract surgery. The IgG content of the samples was analysed by an in-house developed ELISA system. RESULTS A significant increase in nonspecific IgG levels in the AMD group was detected compared to the control group (13.37 ± 6.65 vs. 9.44 ± 6.55 μg/ml; p = 0.03). In 11 patients, intraocular anti-aflibercept immunoglobulins could be detected (0.05 ± 0.01 μg/ml) which was significantly higher than the limit of detection for anti-aflibercept (0.04 μg/ml; p = 0.001). No correlation was found between the number of injections or the type of CNV and the aqueous level of anti-aflibercept (r = 0.02; p = 0.95). CONCLUSION According to our results, penetration of non-specific systemic antibodies through the impaired blood-retinal barrier is higher in patients with neovascular AMD than in subjects with an intact structural barrier. Evaluation of neutralizing antibodies to anti-VEGF agents in the aqueous humour can lead us to understanding tachyphylaxis and changes in intraocular immune mechanisms due to AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gyenes
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla István
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Benyó
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Papp
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Resch
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Sándor
- grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5018.c0000 0001 2149 4407MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5018.c0000 0001 2149 4407MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Z. Nagy
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Illés Kovács
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA ,grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Kiss
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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4
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Matola AT, Fülöp A, Rojkovich B, Nagy G, Sármay G, Józsi M, Uzonyi B. Autoantibodies against complement factor B in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113015. [PMID: 36891314 PMCID: PMC9986603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting the joints. Many patients carry anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA). Overactivation of the complement system seems to be part of the pathogenesis of RA, and autoantibodies against the pathway initiators C1q and MBL, and the regulator of the complement alternative pathway, factor H (FH), were previously reported. Our aim was to analyze the presence and role of autoantibodies against complement proteins in a Hungarian RA cohort. To this end, serum samples of 97 ACPA-positive RA patients and 117 healthy controls were analyzed for autoantibodies against FH, factor B (FB), C3b, C3-convertase (C3bBbP), C1q, MBL and factor I. In this cohort, we did not detect any patient with FH autoantibodies but detected C1q autoantibodies in four patients, MBL autoantibodies in two patients and FB autoantibodies in five patients. Since the latter autoantibodies were previously reported in patients with kidney diseases but not in RA, we set out to further characterize such FB autoantibodies. The isotypes of the analyzed autoantibodies were IgG2, IgG3, IgGκ, IgGλ and their binding site was localized in the Bb part of FB. We detected in vivo formed FB-autoanti-FB complexes by Western blot. The effect of the autoantibodies on the formation, activity and FH-mediated decay of the C3 convertase in solid phase convertase assays was determined. In order to investigate the effect of the autoantibodies on complement functions, hemolysis assays and fluid phase complement activation assays were performed. The autoantibodies partially inhibited the complement-mediated hemolysis of rabbit red blood cells, inhibited the activity of the solid phase C3-convertase and C3 and C5b-9 deposition on complement activating surfaces. In summary, in ACPA-positive RA patients we identified FB autoantibodies. The characterized FB autoantibodies did not enhance complement activation, rather, they had inhibitory effect on complement. These results support the involvement of the complement system in the pathomechanism of RA and raise the possibility that protective autoantibodies may be generated in some patients against the alternative pathway C3 convertase. However, further analyses are needed to assess the exact role of such autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Matola
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH) at the Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angéla Fülöp
- Buda Hospital of the Hospitaller Order of Saint John of God, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - György Nagy
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Sármay
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH) at the Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH) at the Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Poppelaars F, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Jongerius I, Baeumner AJ, Steiner MS, Józsi M, Toonen EJM, Pauly D. Corrigendum: A Family Affair: Addressing the Challenges of Factor H and the Related Proteins. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937609. [PMID: 35707529 PMCID: PMC9189762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Poppelaars
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elena Goicoechea de Jorge
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ilse Jongerius
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Antje J. Baeumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo-and Biosensors, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Diana Pauly
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Diana Pauly,
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6
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Papp A, Papp K, Uzonyi B, Cserhalmi M, Csincsi ÁI, Szabó Z, Bánlaki Z, Ermert D, Prohászka Z, Erdei A, Ferreira VP, Blom AM, Józsi M. Complement Factor H-Related Proteins FHR1 and FHR5 Interact With Extracellular Matrix Ligands, Reduce Factor H Regulatory Activity and Enhance Complement Activation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:845953. [PMID: 35392081 PMCID: PMC8980529 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.845953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), when exposed to body fluids may promote local complement activation and inflammation. Pathologic complement activation at the glomerular basement membrane and at the Bruch's membrane is implicated in renal and eye diseases, respectively. Binding of soluble complement inhibitors to the ECM, including factor H (FH), is important to prevent excessive complement activation. Since the FH-related (FHR) proteins FHR1 and FHR5 are also implicated in these diseases, our aim was to study whether these FHRs can also bind to ECM components and affect local FH activity and complement activation. Both FH and the FHRs showed variable binding to ECM components. We identified laminin, fibromodulin, osteoadherin and PRELP as ligands of FHR1 and FHR5, and found that FHR1 bound to these ECM components through its C-terminal complement control protein (CCP) domains 4-5, whereas FHR5 bound via its middle region, CCPs 3-7. Aggrecan, biglycan and decorin did not bind FH, FHR1 and FHR5. FHR5 also bound to immobilized C3b, a model of surface-deposited C3b, via CCPs 3-7. By contrast, soluble C3, C3(H2O), and the C3 fragments C3b, iC3b and C3d bound to CCPs 8-9 of FHR5. Properdin, which was previously described to bind via CCPs 1-2 to FHR5, did not bind in its physiologically occurring serum forms in our assays. FHR1 and FHR5 inhibited the binding of FH to the identified ECM proteins in a dose-dependent manner, which resulted in reduced FH cofactor activity. Moreover, both FHR1 and FHR5 enhanced alternative complement pathway activation on immobilized ECM proteins when exposed to human serum, resulting in the increased deposition of C3-fragments, factor B and C5b-9. Thus, our results identify novel ECM ligands of FH family proteins and indicate that FHR1 and FHR5 are competitive inhibitors of FH on ECM and, when bound to these ligands, they may enhance local complement activation and promote inflammation under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Papp
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Papp
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcell Cserhalmi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám I Csincsi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsóka Szabó
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Bánlaki
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Ermert
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Research Group for Immunology and Haematology, Semmelweis University-Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Erdei
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viviana P Ferreira
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Anna M Blom
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), and Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul Nigel Barlow
- Schools of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Seppo Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Bulyáki É, Kun J, Molnár T, Papp A, Micsonai A, Vadászi H, Márialigeti B, Kovács AI, Gellén G, Yamaguchi K, Lin Y, So M, Józsi M, Schlosser G, Lee YH, Liliom K, Goto Y, Kardos J. Pathogenic D76N Variant of β 2-Microglobulin: Synergy of Diverse Effects in Both the Native and Amyloid States. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10111197. [PMID: 34827190 PMCID: PMC8614874 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Elevated β2-microglobulin (β2m) serum levels cause serious complications in patients on long-term kidney dialysis by depositing in the form of amyloid fibrils in the osteoarticular system. Recently, a hereditary systemic amyloidosis was discovered, caused by a naturally occurring D76N β2m mutant exhibiting normal serum levels and a distinct, visceral deposition pattern. D76N β2m showed a structure remarkably similar to the wild-type (WT) protein, albeit with decreased thermodynamic stability and increased amyloidogenicity. Despite the extensive research, the molecular bases of the aberrant aggregation of β2m in vivo remains elusive. Here, using a variety of biophysical techniques, we investigated the role of the pathogenic D76N mutation in the amyloid formation of β2m by point mutations affecting the stabilizing ion-pairs of β2m. We found that, relative to WT β2m, the exceptional amyloidogenicity of the pathogenic D76N β2m variant is realized by the synergy of diverse effects of destabilized native structure, higher sensitivity to negatively charged amphiphilic molecules and polyphosphate, more effective fibril nucleation, higher conformational stability of fibrils, and elevated affinity for extracellular matrix proteins. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms might help to find target points for effective treatments against diseases associated with the deleterious aggregation of proteins. Abstract β2-microglobulin (β2m), the light chain of the MHC-I complex, is associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). Recently, a hereditary systemic amyloidosis was discovered, caused by a naturally occurring D76N β2m variant, which showed a structure remarkably similar to the wild-type (WT) protein, albeit with decreased thermodynamic stability and increased amyloidogenicity. Here, we investigated the role of the D76N mutation in the amyloid formation of β2m by point mutations affecting the Asp76-Lys41 ion-pair of WT β2m and the charge cluster on Asp38. Using a variety of biophysical techniques, we investigated the conformational stability and partial unfolding of the native state of the variants, as well as their amyloidogenic propensity and the stability of amyloid fibrils under various conditions. Furthermore, we studied the intermolecular interactions of WT and mutant proteins with various binding partners that might have in vivo relevance. We found that, relative to WT β2m, the exceptional amyloidogenicity of the pathogenic D76N β2m variant is realized by the deleterious synergy of diverse effects of destabilized native structure, higher sensitivity to negatively charged amphiphilic molecules (e.g., lipids) and polyphosphate, more effective fibril nucleation, higher conformational stability of fibrils, and elevated affinity for extracellular components, including extracellular matrix proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bulyáki
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (É.B.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Judit Kun
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (É.B.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Tamás Molnár
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (T.M.); (B.M.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Alexandra Papp
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.P.); (M.J.)
| | - András Micsonai
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (É.B.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Henrietta Vadászi
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (É.B.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Borbála Márialigeti
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (T.M.); (B.M.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Attila István Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (T.M.); (B.M.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Gabriella Gellén
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (K.Y.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang 28119, Korea; (Y.L.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Masatomo So
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; or
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.P.); (M.J.)
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gitta Schlosser
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (G.S.)
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang 28119, Korea; (Y.L.); (Y.-H.L.)
- Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Chungnam National University (CNU), Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Research Headquarters, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41068, Korea
| | - Károly Liliom
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Yuji Goto
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (K.Y.); (Y.G.)
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; or
| | - József Kardos
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (É.B.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (H.V.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Kárpáti É, Kremlitzka M, Sándor N, Hajnal D, Schneider AE, Józsi M. Complement Factor H Family Proteins Modulate Monocyte and Neutrophil Granulocyte Functions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660852. [PMID: 34671340 PMCID: PMC8521052 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides being a key effector arm of innate immunity, a plethora of non-canonical functions of complement has recently been emerging. Factor H (FH), the main regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, has been reported to bind to various immune cells and regulate their functions, beyond its role in modulating complement activation. In this study we investigated the effect of FH, its alternative splice product FH-like protein 1 (FHL-1), the FH-related (FHR) proteins FHR-1 and FHR-5, and the recently developed artificial complement inhibitor mini-FH, on two key innate immune cells, monocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes. We found that, similar to FH, the other factor H family proteins FHL-1, FHR-1 and FHR-5, as well as the recombinant mini-FH, are able to bind to both monocytes and neutrophils. As a functional outcome, immobilized FH and FHR-1 inhibited PMA-induced NET formation, but increased the adherence and IL-8 production of neutrophils. FHL-1 increased only the adherence of the cells, while FHR-5 was ineffective in altering these functions. The adherence of monocytes was increased on FH, recombinant mini-FH and FHL-1 covered surfaces and, except for FHL-1, the same molecules also enhanced secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα. When monocytes were stimulated with LPS in the presence of immobilized FH family proteins, FH, FHL-1 and mini-FH enhanced whereas FHR-1 and FHR-5 decreased the secretion of TNFα; FHL-1 and mini-FH also enhanced IL-10 release compared to the effect of LPS alone. Our results reveal heterogeneous effects of FH and FH family members on monocytes and neutrophils, altering key features involved in pathogen killing, and also demonstrate that FH-based complement inhibitors, such as mini-FH, may have effects beyond their function of inhibiting complement activation. Thus, our data provide new insight into the non-canonical functions of FH, FHL-1, FHR-1 and FHR-5 that might be exploited during protection against infections and in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Kárpáti
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariann Kremlitzka
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Sándor
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Hajnal
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea E Schneider
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Garam N, Cserhalmi M, Prohászka Z, Szilágyi Á, Veszeli N, Szabó E, Uzonyi B, Iliás A, Aigner C, Schmidt A, Gaggl M, Sunder-Plassmann G, Bajcsi D, Brunner J, Dumfarth A, Cejka D, Flaschberger S, Flögelova H, Haris Á, Hartmann Á, Heilos A, Mueller T, Rusai K, Arbeiter K, Hofer J, Jakab D, Sinkó M, Szigeti E, Bereczki C, Janko V, Kelen K, Reusz GS, Szabó AJ, Klenk N, Kóbor K, Kojc N, Knechtelsdorfer M, Laganovic M, Lungu AC, Meglic A, Rus R, Kersnik Levart T, Macioniene E, Miglinas M, Pawłowska A, Stompór T, Podracka L, Rudnicki M, Mayer G, Rysava R, Reiterova J, Saraga M, Seeman T, Zieg J, Sládková E, Stajic N, Szabó T, Capitanescu A, Stancu S, Tisljar M, Galesic K, Tislér A, Vainumäe I, Windpessl M, Zaoral T, Zlatanova G, Józsi M, Csuka D. FHR-5 Serum Levels and CFHR5 Genetic Variations in Patients With Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and C3-Glomerulopathy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:720183. [PMID: 34566977 PMCID: PMC8461307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.720183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Factor H-related protein 5 (FHR-5) is a member of the complement Factor H protein family. Due to the homology to Factor H, the main complement regulator of the alternative pathway, it may also be implicated in the pathomechanism of kidney diseases where Factor H and alternative pathway dysregulation play a role. Here, we report the first observational study on CFHR5 variations along with serum FHR-5 levels in immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN) and C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) patients together with the clinical, genetic, complement, and follow-up data. Methods A total of 120 patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of IC-MPGN/C3G were enrolled in the study. FHR-5 serum levels were measured in ELISA, the CFHR5 gene was analyzed by Sanger sequencing, and selected variants were studied as recombinant proteins in ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Results Eight exonic CFHR5 variations in 14 patients (12.6%) were observed. Serum FHR-5 levels were lower in patients compared to controls. Low serum FHR-5 concentration at presentation associated with better renal survival during the follow-up period; furthermore, it showed clear association with signs of complement overactivation and clinically meaningful clusters. Conclusions Our observations raise the possibility that the FHR-5 protein plays a fine-tuning role in the pathogenesis of IC-MPGN/C3G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Garam
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcell Cserhalmi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Research Group for Immunology and Haematology, Semmelweis University-Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szilágyi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Veszeli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Research Group for Immunology and Haematology, Semmelweis University-Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Szabó
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Iliás
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christof Aigner
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Schmidt
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Gaggl
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gere Sunder-Plassmann
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dóra Bajcsi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jürgen Brunner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexandra Dumfarth
- Department of Medicine III: Nephrology, Transplant Medicine and Rheumatology, Geriatric Department, Ordensklinikum Linz-Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | - Daniel Cejka
- Department of Medicine III: Nephrology, Transplant Medicine and Rheumatology, Geriatric Department, Ordensklinikum Linz-Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Hana Flögelova
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University and Faculty Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ágnes Haris
- Department of Nephrology, Péterfy Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Hartmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andreas Heilos
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Krisztina Rusai
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Arbeiter
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Hofer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Neurology of Senses and Language, Hospital of St John of God, Linz, Austria.,Research Institute for Developmental Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Dániel Jakab
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Sinkó
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erika Szigeti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bereczki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Kata Kelen
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György S Reusz
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Klenk
- Fresenius Medical Care (FMC) Center of Dialysis, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kóbor
- Fresenius Medical Care (FMC) Center of Dialysis, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Nika Kojc
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Mario Laganovic
- Department of Nephrology, Arterial Hypertension, Dialysis and Transplantation, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Anamarija Meglic
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rina Rus
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Kersnik Levart
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ernesta Macioniene
- Nephrology Center, Santaros Klinikos, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marius Miglinas
- Nephrology Center, Santaros Klinikos, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anna Pawłowska
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stompór
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ludmila Podracka
- Department of Pediatrics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michael Rudnicki
- Department of Internal Medicine IV-Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gert Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV-Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Romana Rysava
- Nephrology Clinic, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Reiterova
- Nephrology Clinic, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marijan Saraga
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Tomáš Seeman
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, University Hospital Motol, Pragu, Czechia
| | - Jakub Zieg
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, University Hospital Motol, Pragu, Czechia
| | - Eva Sládková
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Natasa Stajic
- Institute of Mother and Childhealth Care of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamás Szabó
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Simona Stancu
- Carol Davila Nephrology Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miroslav Tisljar
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Dubrava Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kresimir Galesic
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Dubrava Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - András Tislér
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Inga Vainumäe
- Department of Pathology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Windpessl
- Internal Medicine IV, Section of Nephrology, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
| | - Tomas Zaoral
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Galia Zlatanova
- University Children's Hospital, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Research Group for Immunology and Haematology, Semmelweis University-Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Kozma GT, Mészáros T, Bakos T, Hennies M, Bencze D, Uzonyi B, Győrffy B, Cedrone E, Dobrovolskaia MA, Józsi M, Szebeni J. Mini-Factor H Modulates Complement-Dependent IL-6 and IL-10 Release in an Immune Cell Culture (PBMC) Model: Potential Benefits Against Cytokine Storm. Front Immunol 2021; 12:642860. [PMID: 33995361 PMCID: PMC8113956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storm (CS), an excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines upon overactivation of the innate immune system, came recently to the focus of interest because of its role in the life-threatening consequences of certain immune therapies and viral diseases, including CAR-T cell therapy and Covid-19. Because complement activation with subsequent anaphylatoxin release is in the core of innate immune stimulation, studying the relationship between complement activation and cytokine release in an in vitro CS model holds promise to better understand CS and identify new therapies against it. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultured in the presence of autologous serum to test the impact of complement activation and inhibition on cytokine release, testing the effects of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome), zymosan and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as immune activators and heat inactivation of serum, EDTA and mini-factor H (mfH) as complement inhibitors. These activators induced significant rises of complement activation markers C3a, C4a, C5a, Ba, Bb, and sC5b-9 at 45 min of incubation, with or without ~5- to ~2,000-fold rises of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and TNFα at 6 and 18 h later. Inhibition of complement activation by the mentioned three methods had differential inhibition, or even stimulation of certain cytokines, among which effects a limited suppressive effect of mfH on IL-6 secretion and significant stimulation of IL-10 implies anti-CS and anti-inflammatory impacts. These findings suggest the utility of the model for in vitro studies on CS, and the potential clinical use of mfH against CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Tibor Kozma
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- SeroScience LCC, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Mészáros
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- SeroScience LCC, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bakos
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Dániel Bencze
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Second Department of Bioinformatics and Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edward Cedrone
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Marina A. Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- SeroScience LCC, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health, Miskolc University, Miskolc, Hungary
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12
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Uzonyi B, Szabó Z, Trojnár E, Hyvärinen S, Uray K, Nielsen HH, Erdei A, Jokiranta TS, Prohászka Z, Illes Z, Józsi M. Autoantibodies Against the Complement Regulator Factor H in the Serum of Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660382. [PMID: 33986750 PMCID: PMC8111293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by pathogenic, complement-activating autoantibodies against the main water channel in the CNS, aquaporin 4 (AQP4). NMOSD is frequently associated with additional autoantibodies and antibody-mediated diseases. Because the alternative pathway amplifies complement activation, our aim was to evaluate the presence of autoantibodies against the alternative pathway C3 convertase, its components C3b and factor B, and the complement regulator factor H (FH) in NMOSD. Four out of 45 AQP4-seropositive NMOSD patients (~9%) had FH autoantibodies in serum and none had antibodies to C3b, factor B and C3bBb. The FH autoantibody titers were low in three and high in one of the patients, and the avidity indexes were low. FH-IgG complexes were detected in the purified IgG fractions by Western blot. The autoantibodies bound to FH domains 19-20, and also recognized the homologous FH-related protein 1 (FHR-1), similar to FH autoantibodies associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). However, in contrast to the majority of autoantibody-positive aHUS patients, these four NMOSD patients did not lack FHR-1. Analysis of autoantibody binding to FH19-20 mutants and linear synthetic peptides of the C-terminal FH and FHR-1 domains, as well as reduced FH, revealed differences in the exact binding sites of the autoantibodies. Importantly, all four autoantibodies inhibited C3b binding to FH. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that FH autoantibodies are not uncommon in NMOSD and suggest that generation of antibodies against complement regulating factors among other autoantibodies may contribute to the complement-mediated damage in NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsóka Szabó
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Trojnár
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Research Group for Immunology and Haematology, Semmelweis University-Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Satu Hyvärinen
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, and Immunobiology Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katalin Uray
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Helle H Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna Erdei
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Sakari Jokiranta
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, and Immunobiology Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Research Group for Immunology and Haematology, Semmelweis University-Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Office for Supported Research Groups), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Abstract
Antibodies to autoantigens are implicated in a large number of diseases. Such autoantibodies may cause pathological activation of complement, an ancient humoral recognition and effector system of innate immunity; in addition, complement components or regulators may be target of autoantibodies and cause abnormal complement activation or function. Autoantibodies to complement proteins are in particular involved in kidney diseases. Those binding to complement convertase enzymes can cause enhanced stability of convertases and their increased resistance to regulation, thus promoting complement turnover. Here, we describe an ELISA method to detect factor B autoantibodies that bind to and stabilize the alternative complement pathway C3 convertase enzyme, C3bBb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Poppelaars F, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Jongerius I, Baeumner AJ, Steiner MS, Józsi M, Toonen EJM, Pauly D. A Family Affair: Addressing the Challenges of Factor H and the Related Proteins. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660194. [PMID: 33868311 PMCID: PMC8044877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common denominator of diseases. The complement system, an intrinsic part of the innate immune system, is a key driver of inflammation in numerous disorders. Recently, a family of proteins has been suggested to be of vital importance in conditions characterized by complement dysregulation: the human Factor H (FH) family. This group of proteins consists of FH, Factor H-like protein 1 and five Factor H-related proteins. The FH family has been linked to infectious, vascular, eye, kidney and autoimmune diseases. In contrast to FH, the functions of the other highly homologous proteins are largely unknown and, hence, their role in the different disease-specific pathogenic mechanisms remains elusive. In this perspective review, we address the major challenges ahead in this emerging area, including 1) the controversies about the functional roles of the FH protein family, 2) the discrepancies in quantification of the FH protein family, 3) the unmet needs for validated tools and 4) limitations of animal models. Next, we also discuss the opportunities that exist for the immunology community. A strong multidisciplinary approach is required to solve these obstacles and is only possible through interdisciplinary collaboration between biologists, chemists, geneticists and physicians. We position this review in light of our own perspective, as principal investigators of the SciFiMed Consortium, a consortium aiming to create a comprehensive analytical system for the quantitative and functional assessment of the entire FH protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Poppelaars
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elena Goicoechea de Jorge
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ilse Jongerius
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Antje J. Baeumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo-and Biosensors, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Diana Pauly
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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15
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Kovács RÁ, Vadászi H, Bulyáki É, Török G, Tóth V, Mátyás D, Kun J, Hunyadi-Gulyás É, Fedor FZ, Csincsi Á, Medzihradszky K, Homolya L, Juhász G, Kékesi KA, Józsi M, Györffy BA, Kardos J. Identification of Neuronal Pentraxins as Synaptic Binding Partners of C1q and the Involvement of NP1 in Synaptic Pruning in Adult Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 11:599771. [PMID: 33628204 PMCID: PMC7897678 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.599771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Elements of the immune system particularly that of innate immunity, play important roles beyond their traditional tasks in host defense, including manifold roles in the nervous system. Complement-mediated synaptic pruning is essential in the developing and healthy functioning brain and becomes aberrant in neurodegenerative disorders. C1q, component of the classical complement pathway, plays a central role in tagging synapses for elimination; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms and interaction partners are mostly unknown. Neuronal pentraxins (NPs) are involved in synapse formation and plasticity, moreover, NP1 contributes to cell death and neurodegeneration under adverse conditions. Here, we investigated the potential interaction between C1q and NPs, and its role in microglial phagocytosis of synapses in adult mice. We verified in vitro that NPs interact with C1q, as well as activate the complement system. Flow cytometry, immunostaining and co-immunoprecipitation showed that synapse-bound C1q colocalizes and interacts with NPs. High-resolution confocal microscopy revealed that microglia-surrounded C1q-tagged synapses are NP1 positive. We have also observed the synaptic occurrence of C4 suggesting that activation of the classical pathway cannot be ruled out in synaptic plasticity in healthy adult animals. In summary, our results indicate that NPs play a regulatory role in the synaptic function of C1q. Whether this role can be intensified upon pathological conditions, such as in Alzheimer’s disease, is to be disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Á Kovács
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henrietta Vadászi
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Bulyáki
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Török
- Molecular Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Tóth
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dominik Mátyás
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Kun
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Hunyadi-Gulyás
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Flóra Zsófia Fedor
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences, Pannon University, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Ádám Csincsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Medzihradszky
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Homolya
- Molecular Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Juhász
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin A Kékesi
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs A Györffy
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Kardos
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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16
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Kárpáti É, Papp A, Schneider AE, Hajnal D, Cserhalmi M, Csincsi ÁI, Uzonyi B, Józsi M. Interaction of the Factor H Family Proteins FHR-1 and FHR-5 With DNA and Dead Cells: Implications for the Regulation of Complement Activation and Opsonization. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1297. [PMID: 32765490 PMCID: PMC7378360 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement plays an essential role in the opsonophagocytic clearance of apoptotic/necrotic cells. Dysregulation of this process may lead to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Factor H (FH), a major soluble complement inhibitor, binds to dead cells and inhibits excessive complement activation on their surface, preventing lysis, and the release of intracellular material, including DNA. The FH-related (FHR) proteins share common ligands with FH, due to their homology with this complement regulator, but they lack the domains that mediate the complement inhibitory activity of FH. Because their roles in complement regulation is controversial and incompletely understood, we studied the interaction of FHR-1 and FHR-5 with DNA and dead cells and investigated whether they influence the regulatory role of FH and the complement activation on DNA and dead cells. FH, FHR-1, and FHR-5 bound to both plasmid DNA and human genomic DNA, where both FHR proteins inhibited FH-DNA interaction. The FH cofactor activity was inhibited by FHR-1 and FHR-5 due to the reduced binding of FH to DNA in the presence of the FHRs. Both FHRs caused increased complement activation on DNA. FHR-1 and FHR-5 bound to late apoptotic and necrotic cells and recruited monomeric C-reactive protein and pentraxin 3, and vice versa. Interactions of the FHRs with pentraxins resulted in enhanced activation of both the classical and the alternative complement pathways on dead cells when exposed to human serum. Altogether, our results demonstrate that FHR-1 and FHR-5 are competitive inhibitors of FH on DNA; moreover, FHR-pentraxin interactions promote opsonization of dead cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Kárpáti
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Papp
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea E Schneider
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Hajnal
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcell Cserhalmi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám I Csincsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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17
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Nagy ZA, Szakács D, Boros E, Héja D, Vígh E, Sándor N, Józsi M, Oroszlán G, Dobó J, Gál P, Pál G. Ecotin, a microbial inhibitor of serine proteases, blocks multiple complement dependent and independent microbicidal activities of human serum. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008232. [PMID: 31860690 PMCID: PMC6944378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecotin is a serine protease inhibitor produced by hundreds of microbial species, including pathogens. Here we show, that ecotin orthologs from Escherichia coli, Yersinia pestis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Leishmania major are potent inhibitors of MASP-1 and MASP-2, the two key activator proteases of the complement lectin pathway. Factor D is the key activator protease of another complement activation route, the alternative pathway. We show that ecotin inhibits MASP-3, which is the sole factor D activator in resting human blood. In pathway-specific ELISA tests, we found that all ecotin orthologs are potent lectin pathway inhibitors, and at high concentration, they block the alternative pathway as well. In flow cytometry experiments, we compared the extent of complement-mediated opsonization and lysis of wild-type and ecotin-knockout variants of two E. coli strains carrying different surface lipopolysaccharides. We show, that endogenous ecotin provides significant protections against these microbicidal activities for both bacteria. By using pathway specific complement inhibitors, we detected classical-, lectin- and alternative pathway-driven complement attack from normal serum, with the relative contributions of the activation routes depending on the lipopolysaccharide type. Moreover, in cell proliferation experiments we observed an additional, complement-unrelated antimicrobial activity exerted by heat-inactivated serum. While ecotin-knockout cells are highly vulnerable to these activities, endogenous ecotin of wild-type bacteria provides complete protection against the lectin pathway-related and the complement-unrelated attack, and partial protection against the alternative pathway-related damage. In all, ecotin emerges as a potent, versatile self-defense tool that blocks multiple antimicrobial activities of the serum. These findings suggest that ecotin might be a relevant antimicrobial drug target. Bloodstream infections are major cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries around the globe. As the number of multi-drug resistant pathogenic strains is growing, it is urgent to identify their virulence factors and unveil the corresponding mechanisms of action that enable the pathogen to avoid potent immune response. A microbial inhibitor of serine proteases, ecotin was previously implicated in protecting various pathogenic bacteria and eukaryotic Leishmania species against the host immune system by inhibiting leukocyte elastase. However, the interaction of ecotin with the complement system, which provides a first line defense against pathogens, remained unexplored. We found that ecotin blocks activation of the complement lectin pathway by inhibiting its key activator enzymes, MASP-1 and MASP-2. Furthermore, by inhibiting MASP-3, ecotin also disrupts a fundamental link between the lectin- and the alternative pathways. We provide evidence that E. coli cells devoid of ecotin are extremely vulnerable to complement-mediated lysis and they are also potently killed by some complement-independent antimicrobial factors of human serum. These findings could explain the observations of other research groups reporting that ecotin is crucial for the survival of pathogenic microbes in the host. Our results therefore also highlight ecotin as a potential target of future antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Attila Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Szakács
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Héja
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Eszter Vígh
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Sándor
- Department of Immunology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Oroszlán
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Dobó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Pál
- Department of Biochemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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18
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Seguin-Devaux C, Plesseria JM, Verschueren C, Masquelier C, Iserentant G, Fullana M, Józsi M, Cohen JHM, Dervillez X. FHR4-based immunoconjugates direct complement-dependent cytotoxicity and phagocytosis towards HER2-positive cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:2531-2553. [PMID: 31365168 PMCID: PMC6887587 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Directing selective complement activation towards tumour cells is an attractive strategy to promote their elimination. In the present work, we have generated heteromultimeric immunoconjugates that selectively activate the complement alternative pathway (AP) on tumour cells. We used the C4b‐binding protein C‐terminal‐α‐/β‐chain scaffold for multimerisation to generate heteromultimeric immunoconjugates displaying (a) a multivalent‐positive regulator of the AP, the human factor H‐related protein 4 (FHR4) with; (b) a multivalent targeting function directed against erbB2 (HER2); and (c) a monovalent enhanced GFP tracking function. Two distinct VHH targeting two different epitopes against HER2 and competing either with trastuzumab or with pertuzumab‐recognising epitopes [VHH(T) or VHH(P)], respectively, were used as HER2 anchoring moieties. Optimised high‐FHR4 valence heteromultimeric immunoconjugates [FHR4/VHH(T) or FHR4/VHH(P)] were selected by sequential cell cloning and a selective multistep His‐Trap purification. Optimised FHR4‐heteromultimeric immunoconjugates successfully overcame FH‐mediated complement inhibition threshold, causing increased C3b deposition on SK‐OV‐3, BT474 and SK‐BR3 tumour cells, and increased formation of lytic membrane attack complex densities and complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). CDC varies according to the pattern expression and densities of membrane‐anchored complement regulatory proteins on tumour cell surfaces. In addition, opsonised BT474 tumour cells were efficiently phagocytosed by macrophages through complement‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. We showed that the degree of FHR4‐multivalency within the multimeric immunoconjugates was the key element to efficiently compete and deregulate FH and FH‐mediated convertase decay locally on tumour cell surface. FHR4 can thus represent a novel therapeutic molecule, when expressed as a multimeric entity and associated with an anchoring system, to locally shift the complement steady‐state towards activation on tumour cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Marc Plesseria
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Charlène Verschueren
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cécile Masquelier
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gilles Iserentant
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Marie Fullana
- Société d'Accélération des Transferts de Technologies du Nord, Direction Territoriale Reims, Reims, France
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Xavier Dervillez
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Life Sciences Research Unit (LSRU), Signal Transduction Laboratory, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
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19
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Smith RJH, Appel GB, Blom AM, Cook HT, D'Agati VD, Fakhouri F, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Józsi M, Kavanagh D, Lambris JD, Noris M, Pickering MC, Remuzzi G, de Córdoba SR, Sethi S, Van der Vlag J, Zipfel PF, Nester CM. C3 glomerulopathy - understanding a rare complement-driven renal disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:129-143. [PMID: 30692664 PMCID: PMC6876298 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-018-0107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The C3 glomerulopathies are a group of rare kidney diseases characterized by complement dysregulation occurring in the fluid phase and in the glomerular microenvironment, which results in prominent complement C3 deposition in kidney biopsy samples. The two major subgroups of C3 glomerulopathy - dense deposit disease (DDD) and C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) - have overlapping clinical and pathological features suggestive of a disease continuum. Dysregulation of the complement alternative pathway is fundamental to the manifestations of C3 glomerulopathy, although terminal pathway dysregulation is also common. Disease is driven by acquired factors in most patients - namely, autoantibodies that target the C3 or C5 convertases. These autoantibodies drive complement dysregulation by increasing the half-life of these vital but normally short-lived enzymes. Genetic variation in complement-related genes is a less frequent cause. No disease-specific treatments are available, although immunosuppressive agents and terminal complement pathway blockers are helpful in some patients. Unfortunately, no treatment is universally effective or curative. In aggregate, the limited data on renal transplantation point to a high risk of disease recurrence (both DDD and C3GN) in allograft recipients. Clinical trials are underway to test the efficacy of several first-generation drugs that target the alternative complement pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J H Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories and the Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics (Divisions of Nephrology), Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Gerald B Appel
- Department of Nephrology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna M Blom
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - H Terence Cook
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vivette D D'Agati
- Department of Pathology, Renal Pathology Laboratory, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fadi Fakhouri
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Fremeaux-Bacchi
- Service de Néphrologie-Transplantation Adulte, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and the MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Haematology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Kavanagh
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marina Noris
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche (IRCCS) 'Mario Negri', Clinical Research Centre for Rare Diseases 'Aldo e Cele Daccò', Ranica, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche (IRCCS) 'Mario Negri', Clinical Research Centre for Rare Diseases 'Aldo e Cele Daccò', Ranica, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Santiago Rodriguez de Córdoba
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sanjeev Sethi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Johan Van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter F Zipfel
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Carla M Nester
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories and the Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics (Divisions of Nephrology), Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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20
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Trojnar E, Józsi M, Szabó Z, Réti M, Farkas P, Kelen K, Reusz GS, Szabó AJ, Garam N, Mikes B, Sinkovits G, Mező B, Csuka D, Prohászka Z. Elevated Systemic Pentraxin-3 Is Associated With Complement Consumption in the Acute Phase of Thrombotic Microangiopathies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:240. [PMID: 30858847 PMCID: PMC6397851 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been shown to regulate complement activation in vitro, but their role has not been investigated in complement consumption in vivo. Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) are often accompanied by complement overactivation and consumption, therefore we analyzed the relation of the systemic pentraxin levels to the complement profile, laboratory parameters and clinical outcome of TMA patients. We determined the PTX3 and CRP levels, complement factor and activation product concentrations in blood samples of 171 subjects with the diagnosis of typical hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) (N = 34), atypical HUS (aHUS) (N = 44), secondary TMA (N = 63), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) (N = 30) and 69 age-matched healthy individuals. Clinical data, blood count and chemistry were collected from medical records. To determine the in vitro effect of PTX3 on alternative pathway (AP) activation, sheep red blood cell-based hemolytic assay and AP activity ELISA were used. We found that PTX3 levels were elevated in the acute phase of STEC-HUS, aHUS and secondary TMA, whereas PTX3 elevation was exceptional is TTP. Conversely, a significantly higher median CRP was present in all patient groups compared to controls. PTX3, but not CRP was associated with signs of complement consumption in vivo, and PTX3 significantly decreased the AP hemolytic activity in vitro. Our results provide a detailed description of acute phase-TMA patients' complement profile linked to changes in the systemic pentraxin levels that may support further molecular studies on the function of PTX3 in disease pathogenesis and add to the laboratory assessment of complement consumption in TMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Trojnar
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsóka Szabó
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marienn Réti
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute for Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Farkas
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Kelen
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - George S Reusz
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Pediatric and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Garam
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Mikes
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Sinkovits
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Blanka Mező
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Research Laboratory, MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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21
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Veszeli N, Uzonyi B, Garam N, Stancu S, Lungu AC, Józsi M, Prohászka Z, Csuka D. Identification of a FHR3 hybrid protein in a patient with familial form of C3-glomerulonephritis. Mol Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Csuka D, Garam N, Józsi M, Cserhalmi M, Uzonyi B, Rudnicki M, Sunder-Plassmann G, Schmidt A, Reusz GS, Prohászka Z. Assessment of the C3b- and iC3b-binding ability of CFHR5 variants. Mol Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Papp A, Brandus B, Cserhalmi M, Uzonyi B, Ermert D, Barbosa AS, Blom AM, Isaac L, Meri S, Józsi M. FHR1 and FHR5 compete with factor H for the binding to bacterial proteins and enhance complement activation. Mol Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Trojnár E, Józsi M, Szabó Z, Garam N, Mikes B, Sinkovits G, Mező B, Csuka D, Prohászka Z. Elevated pentraxin-3 is associated with alternative pathway dysregulation in the acute phase of thrombotic microangiopathies. Mol Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Zwarthoff SA, Berends ETM, Mol S, Ruyken M, Aerts PC, Józsi M, de Haas CJC, Rooijakkers SHM, Gorham RD. Functional Characterization of Alternative and Classical Pathway C3/C5 Convertase Activity and Inhibition Using Purified Models. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1691. [PMID: 30083158 PMCID: PMC6064732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement is essential for the protection against infections; however, dysregulation of complement activation can cause onset and progression of numerous inflammatory diseases. Convertase enzymes play a central role in complement activation and produce the key mediators of complement: C3 convertases cleave C3 to generate chemoattractant C3a and label target cells with C3b, which promotes phagocytosis; C5 convertases cleave C5 into chemoattractant C5a, and C5b, which drives formation of the membrane attack complex. Since convertases mediate nearly all complement effector functions, they are ideal targets for therapeutic complement inhibition. A unique feature of convertases is their covalent attachment to target cells, which effectively confines complement activation to the cell surface. However, surface localization precludes detailed analysis of convertase activation and inhibition. In our previous work, we developed a model system to form purified alternative pathway (AP) C5 convertases on C3b-coated beads and quantify C5 conversion via functional analysis of released C5a. Here, we developed a C3aR cell reporter system that enables functional discrimination between C3 and C5 convertases. By regulating the C3b density on the bead surface, we observe that high C3b densities are important for conversion of C5, but not C3, by AP convertases. Screening of well-characterized complement-binding molecules revealed that differential inhibition of AP C3 convertases (C3bBb) and C5 convertases [C3bBb(C3b)n] is possible. Although both convertases contain C3b, the C3b-binding molecules Efb-C/Ecb and FHR5 specifically inhibit C5 conversion. Furthermore, using a new classical pathway convertase model, we show that these C3b-binding proteins not only block AP C3/C5 convertases but also inhibit formation of a functional classical pathway C5 convertase under well-defined conditions. Our models enable functional characterization of purified convertase enzymes and provide a platform for the identification and development of specific convertase inhibitors for treatment of complement-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seline A Zwarthoff
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Evelien T M Berends
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Mol
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maartje Ruyken
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Piet C Aerts
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carla J C de Haas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Suzan H M Rooijakkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ronald D Gorham
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Sánchez-Corral P, Pouw RB, López-Trascasa M, Józsi M. Self-Damage Caused by Dysregulation of the Complement Alternative Pathway: Relevance of the Factor H Protein Family. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1607. [PMID: 30050540 PMCID: PMC6052053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The alternative pathway is a continuously active surveillance arm of the complement system, and it can also enhance complement activation initiated by the classical and the lectin pathways. Various membrane-bound and plasma regulatory proteins control the activation of the potentially deleterious complement system. Among the regulators, the plasma glycoprotein factor H (FH) is the main inhibitor of the alternative pathway and its powerful amplification loop. FH belongs to a protein family that also includes FH-like protein 1 and five factor H-related (FHR-1 to FHR-5) proteins. Genetic variants and abnormal rearrangements involving the FH protein family have been linked to numerous systemic and organ-specific diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, and the renal pathologies atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, C3 glomerulopathies, and IgA nephropathy. This review covers the known and recently emerged ligands and interactions of the human FH family proteins associated with disease and discuss the very recent experimental data that suggest FH-antagonistic and complement-activating functions for the FHR proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sánchez-Corral
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Richard B Pouw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margarita López-Trascasa
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Research Group of Immunology and Hematology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Pouw RB, Brouwer MC, van Beek AE, Józsi M, Wouters D, Kuijpers TW. Complement Factor H-Related Protein 4A Is the Dominant Circulating Splice Variant of CFHR4. Front Immunol 2018; 9:729. [PMID: 29719534 PMCID: PMC5913293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has elucidated circulating levels of almost all factor H-related (FHR) proteins. Some of these proteins are hypothesized to act as antagonists of the important complement regulator factor H (FH), fine-tuning complement regulation on human surfaces. For the CFHR4 splice variants FHR-4A and FHR-4B, the individual circulating levels are unknown, with only total levels being described. Specific reagents for FHR-4A or FHR-4B are lacking due to the fact that the unique domains in FHR-4A show high sequence similarity with FHR-4B, making it challenging to distinguish them. We developed an assay that specifically measures FHR-4A using novel, well-characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target unique domains in FHR-4A only. Using various FHR-4A/FHR-4B-specific mAbs, no FHR-4B was identified in any of the serum samples tested. The results demonstrate that FHR-4A is the dominant splice variant of CFHR4 in the circulation, while casting doubt on the presence of FHR-4B. FHR-4A levels (avg. 2.55 ± 1.46 µg/mL) were within the range of most of the previously reported levels for all other FHRs. FHR-4A was found to be highly variable among the population, suggesting a strong genetic regulation. These results shed light on the physiological relevance of the previously proposed role of FHR-4A and FHR-4B as antagonists of FH in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Pouw
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mieke C. Brouwer
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anna E. van Beek
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE “Lendület” Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diana Wouters
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Taco W. Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory of the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Cserhalmi M, Uzonyi B, Merle NS, Csuka D, Meusburger E, Lhotta K, Prohászka Z, Józsi M. Functional Characterization of the Disease-Associated N-Terminal Complement Factor H Mutation W198R. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1800. [PMID: 29321782 PMCID: PMC5733548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the complement alternative pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including the kidney diseases atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) and C3 glomerulopathy (C3G). In a patient, initially diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis, possibly C3G, and who 6 years later had an episode of aHUS, a heterozygous missense mutation leading to a tryptophan to arginine exchange (W198R) in the factor H (FH) complement control protein (CCP) 3 domain has previously been identified. The aim of this study was to clarify the functional relevance of this mutation. To this end, wild-type (FH1-4WT) and mutant (FH1-4W198R) CCPs 1-4 of FH were expressed as recombinant proteins. The FH1-4W198R mutant showed decreased C3b binding compared with FH1-4WT. FH1-4W198R had reduced cofactor and decay accelerating activity compared with the wild-type protein. Hemolysis assays demonstrated impaired capacity of FH1-4W198R to protect rabbit erythrocytes from human complement-mediated lysis, and also to prevent lysis of sheep erythrocytes in human serum induced by a monoclonal antibody binding in FH CCP5 domain, compared with that of FH1-4WT. Thus, the FH W198R exchange results in impaired complement alternative pathway regulation. The heterozygous nature of this mutation in the index patient may explain the manifestation of two diseases, likely due to different triggers leading to complement dysregulation in plasma or on cell surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcell Cserhalmi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nicolas S Merle
- UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Complement and Diseases Team, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edgar Meusburger
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Karl Lhotta
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Immunology and Hematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Cserhalmi M, Csincsi ÁI, Mezei Z, Kopp A, Hebecker M, Uzonyi B, Józsi M. The Murine Factor H-Related Protein FHR-B Promotes Complement Activation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1145. [PMID: 28974948 PMCID: PMC5610720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Factor H-related (FHR) proteins consist of varying number of complement control protein domains that display various degrees of sequence identity to respective domains of the alternative pathway complement inhibitor factor H (FH). While such FHR proteins are described in several species, only human FHRs were functionally investigated. Their biological role is still poorly understood and in part controversial. Recent studies on some of the human FHRs strongly suggest a role for FHRs in enhancing complement activation via competing with FH for binding to certain ligands and surfaces. The aim of the current study was the functional characterization of a murine FHR, FHR-B. To this end, FHR-B was expressed in recombinant form. Recombinant FHR-B bound to human C3b and was able to compete with human FH for C3b binding. FHR-B supported the assembly of functionally active C3bBb alternative pathway C3 convertase via its interaction with C3b. This activity was confirmed by demonstrating C3 activation in murine serum. In addition, FHR-B bound to murine pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and this interaction resulted in murine C3 fragment deposition due to enhanced complement activation in mouse serum. FHR-B also induced C3 deposition on C-reactive protein, the extracellular matrix (ECM) extract Matrigel, and endothelial cell-derived ECM when exposed to mouse serum. Moreover, mouse C3 deposition was strongly enhanced on necrotic Jurkat T cells and the mouse B cell line A20 by FHR-B. FHR-B also induced lysis of sheep erythrocytes when incubated in mouse serum with FHR-B added in excess. Altogether, these data demonstrate that, similar to human FHR-1 and FHR-5, mouse FHR-B modulates complement activity by promoting complement activation via interaction with C3b and via competition with murine FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcell Cserhalmi
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám I Csincsi
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mezei
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anne Kopp
- Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mario Hebecker
- Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Papp A, Cserhalmi M, Csincsi ÁI, Uzonyi B, Ermert D, Blom AM, Józsi M. Mapping of ligand binding sites provides insight into the function of factor H-related protein 5. Mol Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Gorham RD, Zwarthoff SA, Xue X, Ruyken M, Józsi M, Gros P, Rooijakkers SH. Functional characterization of alternative pathway C3 and C5 convertase inhibitors. Mol Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Csincsi ÁI, Szabó Z, Bánlaki Z, Uzonyi B, Cserhalmi M, Kárpáti É, Tortajada A, Caesar JJE, Prohászka Z, Jokiranta TS, Lea SM, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Józsi M. FHR-1 Binds to C-Reactive Protein and Enhances Rather than Inhibits Complement Activation. J Immunol 2017; 199:292-303. [PMID: 28533443 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Factor H-related protein (FHR) 1 is one of the five human FHRs that share sequence and structural homology with the alternative pathway complement inhibitor FH. Genetic studies on disease associations and functional analyses indicate that FHR-1 enhances complement activation by competitive inhibition of FH binding to some surfaces and immune proteins. We have recently shown that FHR-1 binds to pentraxin 3. In this study, our aim was to investigate whether FHR-1 binds to another pentraxin, C-reactive protein (CRP), analyze the functional relevance of this interaction, and study the role of FHR-1 in complement activation and regulation. FHR-1 did not bind to native, pentameric CRP, but it bound strongly to monomeric CRP via its C-terminal domains. FHR-1 at high concentration competed with FH for CRP binding, indicating possible complement deregulation also on this ligand. FHR-1 did not inhibit regulation of solid-phase C3 convertase by FH and did not inhibit terminal complement complex formation induced by zymosan. On the contrary, by binding C3b, FHR-1 allowed C3 convertase formation and thereby enhanced complement activation. FHR-1/CRP interactions increased complement activation via the classical and alternative pathways on surfaces such as the extracellular matrix and necrotic cells. Altogether, these results identify CRP as a ligand for FHR-1 and suggest that FHR-1 enhances, rather than inhibits, complement activation, which may explain the protective effect of FHR-1 deficiency in age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám I Csincsi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsóka Szabó
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Bánlaki
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcell Cserhalmi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kárpáti
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agustín Tortajada
- Departamento Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph J E Caesar
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1125 Budapest, Hungary; and
| | - T Sakari Jokiranta
- Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susan M Lea
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba
- Departamento Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University MTA-ELTE Lendület Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
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Abstract
Human-pathogenic microbes possess various means to avoid destruction by our immune system. These include interactions with the host complement system that may facilitate pathogen entry into cells and tissues, expression of molecules that defuse the effector complement components and complexes, and acquisition of host complement inhibitors to downregulate complement activity on the surface of the pathogen. A growing number of pathogenic microorganisms have acquired the ability to bind the complement inhibitor factor H (FH) from body fluids and thus hijack its host protecting function. In addition to FH, binding of FH-related (FHR) proteins was also demonstrated for several microbes. Initial studies assumed that these proteins are complement inhibitors similar to FH. However, recent evidence suggests that FHR proteins may rather enhance complement activation both directly and also by competing with the inhibitor FH for binding to certain ligands and surfaces. This mini review focuses on the role of the main alternative pathway regulator FH in host–pathogen interactions, as well as on the emerging role of the FHR proteins as enhancers of complement activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Trojnár E, Józsi M, Uray K, Csuka D, Szilágyi Á, Milosevic D, Stojanović VD, Spasojević B, Rusai K, Müller T, Arbeiter K, Kelen K, Szabó AJ, Reusz GS, Hyvärinen S, Jokiranta TS, Prohászka Z. Analysis of Linear Antibody Epitopes on Factor H and CFHR1 Using Sera of Patients with Autoimmune Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Front Immunol 2017; 8:302. [PMID: 28424685 PMCID: PMC5371605 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In autoimmune atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), the complement regulator factor H (FH) is blocked by FH autoantibodies, while 90% of the patients carry a homozygous deletion of its homolog complement FH-related protein 1 (CFHR1). The functional consequence of FH-blockade is widely established; however, the molecular basis of autoantibody binding and the role of CFHR1 deficiency in disease pathogenesis are still unknown. We performed epitope mapping of FH to provide structural insight in the autoantibody recruitment on FH and potentially CFHR1. Methods Eight anti-FH positive aHUS patients were enrolled in this study. With overlapping synthetic FH and CFHR1 peptides, we located the amino acids (aa) involved in binding of acute and convalescence stage autoantibodies. We confirmed the location of the mapped epitopes using recombinant FH domains 19–20 that carried single-aa substitutions at the suspected antibody binding sites in three of our patients. Location of the linear epitopes and the introduced point mutations was visualized using crystal structures of the corresponding domains of FH and CFHR1. Results We identified three linear epitopes on FH (aa1157–1171; aa1177–1191; and aa1207–1226) and one on CFHR1 (aa276–290) that are recognized both in the acute and convalescence stages of aHUS. We observed a similar extent of autoantibody binding to the aHUS-specific epitope aa1177–1191 on FH and aa276–290 on CFHR1, despite seven of our patients being deficient for CFHR1. Epitope mapping with the domain constructs validated the location of the linear epitopes on FH with a distinct autoantibody binding motif within aa1183–1198 in line with published observations. Summary According to the results, the linear epitopes we identified are located close to each other on the crystal structure of FH domains 19–20. This tertiary configuration contains the amino acids reported to be involved in C3b and sialic acid binding on the regulator, which may explain the functional deficiency of FH in the presence of autoantibodies. The data we provide identify the exact structures involved in autoantibody recruitment on FH and confirm the presence of an autoantibody binding epitope on CFHR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Trojnár
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Uray
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szilágyi
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Danko Milosevic
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna D Stojanović
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Brankica Spasojević
- University Children's Hospital, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Krisztina Rusai
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Arbeiter
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kata Kelen
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György S Reusz
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Satu Hyvärinen
- Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Sakari Jokiranta
- Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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35
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Cserhalmi M, Hebecker M, Mészáros T, Szebeni J, Józsi M. In vitro evaluation of a CRIg-factor H hybrid complement inhibitor. Immunobiology 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Csincsi ÁI, Pouw RB, Tortajada A, de Córdoba SR, Wouters D, Józsi M. Factor H-related protein 3 (FHR-3) inhibits factor H binding to pentraxins and malondialdehyde epitopes, and activates the alternative pathway via C3b binding. Immunobiology 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Schneider AE, Sándor N, Kárpáti É, Józsi M. Complement factor H modulates the activation of human neutrophil granulocytes and the generation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Mol Immunol 2016; 72:37-48. [PMID: 26938503 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Factor H (FH) is a major inhibitor of the alternative pathway of complement activation in plasma and on certain host surfaces. In addition to being a complement regulator, FH can bind to various cells via specific receptors, including binding to neutrophil granulocytes through complement receptor type 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), and modulate their function. The cellular roles of FH are, however, poorly understood. Because neutrophils are important innate immune cells in inflammatory processes and the host defense against pathogens, we aimed at studying the effects of FH on various neutrophil functions, including the generation of extracellular traps. FH co-localized with CD11b on the surface of neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of healthy individuals, and cell-bound FH retained its cofactor activity and enhanced C3b degradation. Soluble FH supported neutrophil migration and immobilized FH induced cell spreading. In addition, immobilized but not soluble FH enhanced IL-8 release from neutrophils. FH alone did not trigger the cells to produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), but NET formation induced by PMA and by fibronectin plus fungal β-glucan were inhibited by immobilized, but not by soluble, FH. Moreover, in parallel with NET formation, immobilized FH also inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species induced by PMA and by fibronectin plus β-glucan. Altogether, these data indicate that FH has multiple regulatory roles on neutrophil functions. While it can support the recruitment of neutrophils, FH may also exert anti-inflammatory effects and influence local inflammatory and antimicrobial reactions, and reduce tissue damage by modulating NET formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Schneider
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Sándor
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kárpáti
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
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Nozal P, Bernabéu-Herrero ME, Uzonyi B, Szilágyi Á, Hyvärinen S, Prohászka Z, Jokiranta TS, Sánchez-Corral P, López-Trascasa M, Józsi M. Heterogeneity but individual constancy of epitopes, isotypes and avidity of factor H autoantibodies in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Mol Immunol 2016; 70:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Schmidt CQ, Harder MJ, Nichols EM, Hebecker M, Anliker M, Höchsmann B, Simmet T, Csincsi ÁI, Uzonyi B, Pappworth IY, Ricklin D, Lambris JD, Schrezenmeier H, Józsi M, Marchbank KJ. Selectivity of C3-opsonin targeted complement inhibitors: A distinct advantage in the protection of erythrocytes from paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patients. Immunobiology 2016; 221:503-11. [PMID: 26792457 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is characterized by complement-mediated cell lysis due to deficiency of GPI-anchored complement regulators. Blockage of the lytic pathway by eculizumab is the only available therapy for PNH patients and shows remarkable benefits, but regularly yields PNH erythrocytes opsonized with fragments of complement protein C3, rendering such erythrocytes prone to extravascular hemolysis. This effect is associated with insufficient responsiveness seen in a subgroup of PNH patients. Novel C3-opsonin targeted complement inhibitors act earlier in the cascade, at the level of activated C3 and are engineered from parts of the natural complement regulator Factor H (FH) or complement receptor 2 (CR2). This inhibitor class comprises three variants of "miniFH" and the clinically developed "FH-CR2" fusion-protein (TT30). We show that the approach of FH-CR2 to target C3-opsonins was more efficient in preventing complement activation induced by foreign surfaces, whereas the miniFH variants were substantially more active in controlling complement on PNH erythrocytes. Subtle differences were noted in the ability of each version of miniFH to protect human PNH cells. Importantly, miniFH and FH-CR2 interfered only minimally with complement-mediated serum killing of bacteria when compared to untargeted inhibition of all complement pathways by eculizumab. Thus, the molecular design of each C3-opsonin targeted complement inhibitor determines its potency in respect to the nature of the activator/surface providing potential functionality in PNH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Q Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Markus J Harder
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Nichols
- Institutes of Cellular Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mario Hebecker
- Junior Research Group Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Anliker
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, University of Ulm and German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Britta Höchsmann
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, University of Ulm and German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ádám I Csincsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Isabel Y Pappworth
- Institutes of Cellular Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Ricklin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, University of Ulm and German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kevin J Marchbank
- Institutes of Cellular Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Mészáros T, Csincsi ÁI, Uzonyi B, Hebecker M, Fülöp TG, Erdei A, Szebeni J, Józsi M. Factor H inhibits complement activation induced by liposomal and micellar drugs and the therapeutic antibody rituximab in vitro. Nanomedicine 2015; 12:1023-1031. [PMID: 26733258 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hypersensitivity reactions to particulate drugs can partly be caused by complement activation and represent a major complication during intravenous application of nanomedicines. Several liposomal and micellar drugs and carriers, and therapeutic antibodies, were shown to activate complement and induce complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA) in model animals. To explore the possible use of the natural complement inhibitor factor H (FH) against CARPA, we examined the effect of FH on complement activation induced by CARPAgenic drugs. Exogenous FH inhibited complement activation induced by the antifungal liposomal Amphotericin-B (AmBisome), the widely used solvent of anticancer drugs Cremophor EL, and the anticancer monoclonal antibody rituximab in vitro. An engineered form of FH (mini-FH) was more potent inhibitor of Ambisome-, Cremophor EL- and rituximab-induced complement activation than FH. The FH-related protein CFHR1 had no inhibitory effect. Our data suggest that FH or its derivatives may be considered in the pharmacological prevention of CARPA. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Although liposomes and micelles are already in use in the clinical setting as drug carriers, there remains the potential problem of hypersensitivity due to complement activation. In this article, the authors investigated the use of complement inhibitor factor H (FH) on complement activation and showed good efficacy. The results would therefore suggest the potential application of complement inhibitor in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Mészáros
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; SeroScience Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám I Csincsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mario Hebecker
- Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
| | - Tamás G Fülöp
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; SeroScience Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Erdei
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; SeroScience Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Veszeli N, Csuka D, Zotter Z, Imreh É, Józsi M, Benedek S, Varga L, Farkas H. Neutrophil activation during attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:156. [PMID: 26654922 PMCID: PMC4674948 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-015-0374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier studies have shown that the absolute number of neutrophil granulocytes (NGs) may increase during attack of hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE). Whether NGs undergo activation during attack has not yet been investigated. However, as neutrophil elastase (NE) can cleave and inactivate C1-INH which may contribute to the dysregulation of the kallikrein-kinin system and hence, to edema formation. Our aim was to investigate the possible activation of NGs during attacks. METHODS We studied blood samples obtained from 26 patients with C1-INH-HAE during symptom-free periods and during attacks, along with samples from 26 healthy volunteers. NG count (NGC), NE, myeloperoxidase (MPO), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), CRP, C5a, factor H, IL-8, and TNF-α levels were measured. RESULTS NGC was higher during attacks than during symptom-free periods (p = 0.0132), and the same was observed for NE (p = 0.0026), MPO (p = 0.0008), and PTX3 levels (p = 0.0409). There was a strong positive correlation between NE and MPO levels during attacks (p < 0.0001, R = 0.709). Furthermore, IL-8 (p = 0.0061) and TNF-α (p = 0.0186) levels were also elevated during attacks, compared with symptom-free periods. By contrast, C5a and factor H levels were similar in samples obtained during attacks or in symptom-free periods. CONCLUSION Increased NGC was associated with elevated NE and MPO levels - this suggests neutrophil activation during attacks. The strong positive correlation between NE and MPO levels, together with the elevated PTX3 concentration, may indicate the expression of neutrophil extracellular traps. All these processes may contribute to the activation of kallikrein-kinin system, which leads to the onset of an edematous episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Veszeli
- Hungarian Angioedema Center, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dorottya Csuka
- Hungarian Angioedema Center, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Zotter
- Hungarian Angioedema Center, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125, Budapest, Hungary. .,Urology Department, Medical Center, Hungarian Defence Forces, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Éva Imreh
- Central Laboratory, Kútvölgyi Clinical Block, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Szabolcs Benedek
- Haematology Unit, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Lilian Varga
- Hungarian Angioedema Center, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Henriette Farkas
- Hungarian Angioedema Center, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 4, H-1125, Budapest, Hungary.
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Józsi M, Tortajada A, Uzonyi B, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Rodríguez de Córdoba S. Factor H-related proteins determine complement-activating surfaces. Trends Immunol 2015; 36:374-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Csincsi ÁI, Kopp A, Zöldi M, Bánlaki Z, Uzonyi B, Hebecker M, Caesar JJE, Pickering MC, Daigo K, Hamakubo T, Lea SM, Goicoechea de Jorge E, Józsi M. Factor H-related protein 5 interacts with pentraxin 3 and the extracellular matrix and modulates complement activation. J Immunol 2015; 194:4963-73. [PMID: 25855355 PMCID: PMC4416742 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The physiological roles of the factor H (FH)-related proteins are controversial and poorly understood. Based on genetic studies, FH-related protein 5 (CFHR5) is implicated in glomerular diseases, such as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, dense deposit disease, and CFHR5 nephropathy. CFHR5 was also identified in glomerular immune deposits at the protein level. For CFHR5, weak complement regulatory activity and competition for C3b binding with the plasma complement inhibitor FH have been reported, but its function remains elusive. In this study, we identify pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a novel ligand of CFHR5. Binding of native CFHR5 to PTX3 was detected in human plasma and the interaction was characterized using recombinant proteins. The binding of PTX3 to CFHR5 is of ∼2-fold higher affinity compared with that of FH. CFHR5 dose-dependently inhibited FH binding to PTX3 and also to the monomeric, denatured form of the short pentraxin C-reactive protein. Binding of PTX3 to CFHR5 resulted in increased C1q binding. Additionally, CFHR5 bound to extracellular matrix in vitro in a dose-dependent manner and competed with FH for binding. Altogether, CFHR5 reduced FH binding and its cofactor activity on pentraxins and the extracellular matrix, while at the same time allowed for enhanced C1q binding. Furthermore, CFHR5 allowed formation of the alternative pathway C3 convertase and supported complement activation. Thus, CFHR5 may locally enhance complement activation via interference with the complement-inhibiting function of FH, by enhancement of C1q binding, and by activating complement, thereby contributing to glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám I Csincsi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anne Kopp
- Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Miklós Zöldi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Bánlaki
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Uzonyi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University Immunology Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mario Hebecker
- Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Joseph J E Caesar
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RF, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C Pickering
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kenji Daigo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Takao Hamakubo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Susan M Lea
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RF, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Goicoechea de Jorge
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mihály Józsi
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany;
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Bhattacharjee A, Reuter S, Trojnár E, Kolodziejczyk R, Seeberger H, Hyvärinen S, Uzonyi B, Szilágyi Á, Prohászka Z, Goldman A, Józsi M, Jokiranta TS. The major autoantibody epitope on factor H in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is structurally different from its homologous site in factor H-related protein 1, supporting a novel model for induction of autoimmunity in this disease. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:9500-10. [PMID: 25659429 PMCID: PMC4392255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.630871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is characterized by complement attack against host cells due to mutations in complement proteins or autoantibodies against complement factor H (CFH). It is unknown why nearly all patients with autoimmune aHUS lack CFHR1 (CFH-related protein-1). These patients have autoantibodies against CFH domains 19 and 20 (CFH19–20), which are nearly identical to CFHR1 domains 4 and 5 (CFHR14–5). Here, binding site mapping of autoantibodies from 17 patients using mutant CFH19–20 constructs revealed an autoantibody epitope cluster within a loop on domain 20, next to the two buried residues that are different in CFH19–20 and CFHR14–5. The crystal structure of CFHR14–5 revealed a difference in conformation of the autoantigenic loop in the C-terminal domains of CFH and CFHR1, explaining the variation in binding of autoantibodies from some aHUS patients to CFH19–20 and CFHR14–5. The autoantigenic loop on CFH seems to be generally flexible, as its conformation in previously published structures of CFH19–20 bound to the microbial protein OspE and a sialic acid glycan is somewhat altered. Cumulatively, our data suggest that association of CFHR1 deficiency with autoimmune aHUS could be due to the structural difference between CFHR1 and the autoantigenic CFH epitope, suggesting a novel explanation for CFHR1 deficiency in the pathogenesis of autoimmune aHUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Bhattacharjee
- From the Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, and Immunobiology Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, the Institute of Biotechnology and
| | - Stefanie Reuter
- the Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product, Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Eszter Trojnár
- the Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1125 Budapest, Hungary, and
| | - Robert Kolodziejczyk
- the Institute of Biotechnology and Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harald Seeberger
- the Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product, Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Satu Hyvärinen
- From the Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, and Immunobiology Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ágnes Szilágyi
- the Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1125 Budapest, Hungary, and
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- the Research Laboratory, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1125 Budapest, Hungary, and
| | - Adrian Goldman
- the Institute of Biotechnology and Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mihály Józsi
- the Junior Research Group for Cellular Immunobiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product, Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany, MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Sakari Jokiranta
- From the Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, and Immunobiology Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Fülöp TG, Józsi M, Metselaar J, Storm G, Rosivall L, Szebeni J. The possible role of factor H in complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA): a failed attempt to correlate blood levels of FH with liposome-induced hypersensitivity reactions in patients with autoimmune disease. European Journal of Nanomedicine 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/ejnm-2015-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFactor H (FH) is a natural inhibitor of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement (C) activation, an abundant protein in blood whose reduced level has been associated with proneness for increased C activation. There are also 5 FH-related proteins (FHR), which have different impacts on C function. After brief outlines of the C system and its activation via the AP, this review focuses on FH and FHR, collecting data from the literature that suggest that reduced levels or function of FH is associated with C activation-related hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), called C activation related pseudoallergy (CARPA). Based on such observations we initiated the measurement of FH in the blood of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and examined the correlation between FH levels and HSRs following i.v. administration of PEGylated liposomal prednisolone phosphate (PLPP). ELISA assay of FH was conducted on plasma samples before treatment, immediately after treatment and at follow-up visits up to 7 weeks, and an attempt was made to correlate the FH levels obtained with the presence or absence of HSR that occurred in five of twenty patients. However, the initial data presented here on three reactive and three non-reactive patients showed FH levels >600 μg/mL, while the normal range of FH is 2–300 μg/mL. This unexpected outcome of the test led us to realize that the ELISA we used was based on antibodies raised against the short consensus repeats (SCR) in FH, which are also present in FHR. Thus the kit cannot distinguish these proteins and we most likely measured the combined levels of FH and FHR. These initial data highlighted an unforeseen technical problem in assessing FH function when using a FH ELISA that cross reacts with FHR, information that helps in further studies exploring the role of FH in CARPA.
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Józsi M, Reuter S, Nozal P, López-Trascasa M, Sánchez-Corral P, Prohászka Z, Uzonyi B. Autoantibodies to complement components in C3 glomerulopathy and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Immunol Lett 2014; 160:163-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Hofer J, Giner T, Józsi M. Complement factor H-antibody-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment. Semin Thromb Hemost 2014; 40:431-43. [PMID: 24799303 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The presence of circulating autoantibodies, primarily to complement factor H antibodies (CFH-Abs) in plasma characterizes the autoimmune form of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). This acquired form of aHUS defines a distinct subgroup of aHUS patients, which requires diagnostic and treatment approaches in part different from those of the genetically defined forms. The mechanisms leading to CFH-Ab production and disease onset are not completely understood, but CFH-Ab HUS seems to be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Early diagnosis of this specific aHUS entity is important, as prompt induction of plasma exchange and concomitant immunosuppression leads to a favorable outcome. Nevertheless, information on clinical features and outcome in children is limited. Here, we review the literature on the biological and clinical features of CFH-Ab HUS and discuss therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hofer
- Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Giner
- Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mihály Józsi
- MTA-ELTE "Lendület" Complement Research Group, Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Hebecker M, Alba-Domínguez M, Roumenina L, Reuter S, Hyvärinen S, Dragon-Durey MA, Jokiranta T, Sánchez-Corral P, Józsi M. Comprehensive functional characterization of an engineered factor H construct combining complement regulatory and surface recognition domains. Mol Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hebecker M, Alba-Domínguez M, Roumenina LT, Reuter S, Hyvärinen S, Dragon-Durey MA, Jokiranta TS, Sánchez-Corral P, Józsi M. An engineered construct combining complement regulatory and surface-recognition domains represents a minimal-size functional factor H. J Immunol 2013; 191:912-21. [PMID: 23772024 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Complement is an essential humoral component of innate immunity; however, its inappropriate activation leads to pathology. Polymorphisms, mutations, and autoantibodies affecting factor H (FH), a major regulator of the alternative complement pathway, are associated with various diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, and C3 glomerulopathies. Restoring FH function could be a treatment option for such pathologies. In this article, we report on an engineered FH construct that directly combines the two major functional regions of FH: the N-terminal complement regulatory domains and the C-terminal surface-recognition domains. This minimal-size FH (mini-FH) binds C3b and has complement regulatory functions similar to those of the full-length protein. In addition, we demonstrate that mini-FH binds to the FH ligands C-reactive protein, pentraxin 3, and malondialdehyde epitopes. Mini-FH was functionally active when bound to the extracellular matrix and endothelial cells in vitro, and it inhibited C3 deposition on the cells. Furthermore, mini-FH efficiently inhibited complement-mediated lysis of host-like cells caused by a disease-associated FH mutation or by anti-FH autoantibodies. Therefore, mini-FH could potentially be used as a complement inhibitor targeting host surfaces, as well as to replace compromised FH in diseases associated with FH dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Hebecker
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
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Bhattacharjee A, Strobel S, Kolodziejczyk R, Seeberger H, Hyvärinen S, Prohászka Z, Goldman A, Józsi M, Jokiranta ST. Structural comparison of the C-terminal domains of factor H and CFHR-1 suggests explanation for the location of a major autoantibody epitope in autoimmune aHUS. Immunobiology 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.08.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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