1
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McHugh D, Sun B, Gutierrez-Muñoz C, Hernández-González F, Mellone M, Guiho R, Duran I, Pombo J, Pietrocola F, Birch J, Kallemeijn WW, Khadayate S, Dharmalingam G, Vernia S, Tate EW, Martínez-Barbera JP, Withers DJ, Thomas GJ, Serrano M, Gil J. COPI vesicle formation and N-myristoylation are targetable vulnerabilities of senescent cells. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1804-1820. [PMID: 38012402 PMCID: PMC10709147 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Drugs that selectively kill senescent cells (senolytics) improve the outcomes of cancer, fibrosis and age-related diseases. Despite their potential, our knowledge of the molecular pathways that affect the survival of senescent cells is limited. To discover senolytic targets, we performed RNAi screens and identified coatomer complex I (COPI) vesicle formation as a liability of senescent cells. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of COPI results in Golgi dispersal, dysfunctional autophagy, and unfolded protein response-dependent apoptosis of senescent cells, and knockdown of COPI subunits improves the outcomes of cancer and fibrosis in mouse models. Drugs targeting COPI have poor pharmacological properties, but we find that N-myristoyltransferase inhibitors (NMTi) phenocopy COPI inhibition and are potent senolytics. NMTi selectively eliminated senescent cells and improved outcomes in models of cancer and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Our results suggest that senescent cells rely on a hyperactive secretory apparatus and that inhibiting trafficking kills senescent cells with the potential to treat various senescence-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domhnall McHugh
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bin Sun
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Carmen Gutierrez-Muñoz
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fernanda Hernández-González
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pulmonology, ICR, Hospital Clinic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimiliano Mellone
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- AstraZeneca, Immuno-Oncology Discovery, Oncology R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Romain Guiho
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Imanol Duran
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joaquim Pombo
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jodie Birch
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wouter W Kallemeijn
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Sanjay Khadayate
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gopuraja Dharmalingam
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Santiago Vernia
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Juan Pedro Martínez-Barbera
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dominic J Withers
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, Granta Park, UK
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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2
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Lv Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Potentials of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks as biomarkers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Cell 2023; 36:76-97. [PMID: 36181662 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance, radioresistance, and facile spreading of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) make the practically clinical treatment invalid. Such dismal outcome mainly originates from the lack of effective biomarkers which are highly desirable to understand the pathogenesis of LSCC, and strives to find promising novel biomarkers to improve early screening, effective treatment, and prognosis evaluation in LSCC. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a kind of non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, can participate in the process of tumorigenesis and progression through many regulatory modalities, such as epigenetic transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation. Meanwhile, microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), essentially involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, are aberrantly expressed in cancer-related genomic regions or susceptible sites. An increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs are important regulators of miRNAs expression in LSCC, and that miRNAs can also target to regulate the expression of lncRNAs, and they can target to regulate downstream messenger RNAs (mRNAs) transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally, thereby affecting various physiopathological processes of LSCC. Complex cross-regulatory networks existing among lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs can regulate the tumorigenesis and development of LSCC. Such networks may become promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the research field of LSCC. In this review, we mainly summarize the latest research progress on the regulatory relationships among lncRNAs, miRNAs, and downstream mRNAs, and highlight the potential applications of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks as biomarkers for the early diagnosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, chemoresistance, radioresistance, and prognosis of LSCC, aiming to provide important clues for understanding the pathogenesis of LSCC and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lv
- The Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- The Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China. .,Department of Morphology, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Life Science Building, No.8 Daxue Road, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Zhikai Zhang
- The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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3
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Mellone M, Piotrowska K, Venturi G, James L, Bzura A, Lopez MA, James S, Wang C, Ellis MJ, Hanley CJ, Buckingham JF, Cox KL, Hughes G, Valge-Archer V, King EV, Beers SA, Jaquet V, Jones GD, Savelyeva N, Sayan E, Parsons JL, Durant S, Thomas GJ. ATM Regulates Differentiation of Myofibroblastic Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Can Be Targeted to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4571-4585. [PMID: 36353752 PMCID: PMC9755965 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast (myoCAF)-rich tumors generally contain few T cells and respond poorly to immune-checkpoint blockade. Although myoCAFs are associated with poor outcome in most solid tumors, the molecular mechanisms regulating myoCAF accumulation remain unclear, limiting the potential for therapeutic intervention. Here, we identify ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) as a central regulator of the myoCAF phenotype. Differentiating myofibroblasts in vitro and myoCAFs cultured ex vivo display activated ATM signaling, and targeting ATM genetically or pharmacologically could suppress and reverse differentiation. ATM activation was regulated by the reactive oxygen species-producing enzyme NOX4, both through DNA damage and increased oxidative stress. Targeting fibroblast ATM in vivo suppressed myoCAF-rich tumor growth, promoted intratumoral CD8 T-cell infiltration, and potentiated the response to anti-PD-1 blockade and antitumor vaccination. This work identifies a novel pathway regulating myoCAF differentiation and provides a rationale for using ATM inhibitors to overcome CAF-mediated immunotherapy resistance. SIGNIFICANCE ATM signaling supports the differentiation of myoCAFs to suppress T-cell infiltration and antitumor immunity, supporting the potential clinical use of ATM inhibitors in combination with checkpoint inhibition in myoCAF-rich, immune-cold tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Mellone
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Klaudia Piotrowska
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Venturi
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lija James
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Bzura
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria A. Lopez
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sonya James
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Ellis
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Hanley
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine F. Buckingham
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kerry L. Cox
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Hughes
- Bioscience, Oncology Innovative Medicines and Early Development (IMED) Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Viia Valge-Archer
- Bioscience, Oncology Innovative Medicines and Early Development (IMED) Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma V. King
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen A. Beers
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Centre Médical Universitaire, Genève, Switzerland
| | - George D.D. Jones
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Savelyeva
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Emre Sayan
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jason L. Parsons
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Durant
- Bioscience, Oncology Innovative Medicines and Early Development (IMED) Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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4
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Melo G, Silva CAB, Hague A, Parkinson EK, Rivero ERC. Anticancer effects of putative and validated BH3-mimetic drugs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: An overview of current knowledge. Oral Oncol 2022; 132:105979. [PMID: 35816876 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to summarise available literature concerning the anticancer effects of both putative and validated BH3-mimetics in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. A literature search was performed and studies assessing malignant cell lines, xenograft models, and/or humans were considered eligible. A total of 501 studies were identified, of which 40 were included. One phase-II clinical trial assessing gossypol (combined with docetaxel) was found. The remaining 39 preclinical studies investigated cell lines and/or xenograft models involving the use of six validated BH3-mimetics (A-1210477, A-1331852, ABT-737, navitoclax, S63845, venetoclax) and six putative BH3-mimetics (ApoG2, gossypol, obatoclax, sabutoclax, TW-37, and YC137). In preclinical settings, most validated BH3-mimetics were capable of inducing apoptosis (in-vitro) and tumour growth inhibition (in-vivo). The majority of putative BH3-mimetics were also capable of inducing cell death, although important off-target effects, such as autophagy induction, were also described. Combinations with conventional anticancer drugs, ionising radiation, or multiple BH3-mimetics generally resulted in enhanced anticancer effects, such as increased sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli, especially considering some cell lines that showed resistance to either treatment alone. In conclusion, although clinical data are still insufficient to evaluate the anticancer effects of BH3-mimetics in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, promising results in preclinical settings were observed concerning induction of cell death and inhibition of tumour growth. Therefore, further clinical trials are highly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Amália Barcellos Silva
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Angela Hague
- Senior Lecturer, Bristol Dental School, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Eric Kenneth Parkinson
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Elena Riet Correa Rivero
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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5
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Swiecicki PL, Bellile E, Casper K, Chinn SB, Dragovic AF, Jolly S, Kupfer R, Malloy KM, Mierzwa ML, Shuman AG, Spector ME, Srinivasan A, Stucken C, Bradford CR, Eisbruch A, Carey TE, Prince ME, Wolf GT, Worden FP. Randomized trial of laryngeal organ preservation evaluating two cycles of induction chemotherapy with platinum, docetaxel, and a novel Bcl-xL inhibitor. Head Neck 2022; 44:1509-1519. [PMID: 35416374 PMCID: PMC10681682 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single cycle induction chemotherapy (IC) with platinum and 5-flurouracil (PF) and treatment based on clinical response predicts organ preservation in laryngeal cancer. Other agents offer intriguing alternatives with potentially increased ease of administration, reduced risk for severe toxicities, and increased platinum sensitivity. METHODS We report the results of a phase II bioselection trial in advanced resectable laryngeal cancer utilizing an IC regimen of two cycles of platinum plus docetaxel (TP) with a Bcl-2 inhibitor. The primary endpoint was organ preservation rate at 12 weeks post chemoradiation. RESULTS Fifty-four patients were enrolled. Response to IC was 72%. The organ preservation rate was 59% with a laryngectomy free survival of 46%. Induction related grade ≥3 toxicities were observed in 56% of patients with two grade 5 events. CONCLUSIONS Two cycles of TP IC plus a Bcl-2 inhibitor did not improve laryngeal preservation compared to a single cycle of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Swiecicki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Bellile
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Keith Casper
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven Bennett Chinn
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aleksandar F Dragovic
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shruti Jolly
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Robbi Kupfer
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kelly M Malloy
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michelle Lynn Mierzwa
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew G Shuman
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthew E Spector
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashok Srinivasan
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chaz Stucken
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carol Rossier Bradford
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Avraham Eisbruch
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mark E Prince
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gregory T Wolf
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Francis P Worden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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6
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Atashi F, Vahed N, Emamverdizadeh P, Fattahi S, Paya L. Drug resistance against 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 15:219-225. [PMID: 34712414 PMCID: PMC8538146 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2021.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are highly prevalent worldwide. Most of these lesions are diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease. Thus, they do not often have a good long-term prognosis. Like other cancer types, head and neck cancers are managed by surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Despite significant advances in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), physicians encounter several challenges in the course of treatment. Various mechanisms mediate the clinical responses of a certain cancer to medications. Thus, efficient treatment planning requires adequate knowledge about the genes involved in drug resistance and the evaluation of the frequency percentage of resistance. Several studies have evaluated the causes and frequency percentages of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin resistance. In this systematic review, all the relevant articles published until November 30, 2019, were retrieved from the Scopus, Embase, Medline, ISI, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases using certain MeSH and EMTTree keywords. A total of 2164 articles were retrieved of which, 18 were included in the review since they had reported the frequency percentages of drug resistance. Of all, 10 articles had evaluated cisplatin (1317 samples). A meta-analysis of the results revealed a frequency of 33% for cisplatin resistance. Eight studies had evaluated 5-FU (476 samples). A meta-analysis of the results revealed a frequency of 40.2 % for 5-FU resistance. Overcoming cisplatin resistance or 5-FU resistance can significantly enhance recovery in advanced HNSCC. Attempts should be made to eliminate the cause and use multi-drug regimens to increase the success rate of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nafiseh Vahed
- Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parya Emamverdizadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Fattahi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ladan Paya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Ghareeb DA, Abd-Elgwad A, El-Guindy N, Yacout G, Zaatout HH. Ulva lactuca methanolic extract improves oxidative stress-related male infertility induced in experimental animals. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:397-405. [PMID: 31364420 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1645698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study designated to investigate and compare the therapeutic effect of Ulva lactuca methanolic extract against oxidative stress (OS)-infertility induced by naturally occurring prooxidants (gossypol) and selenium- vitamins A, C, and E (selenium-ACE) drug. METHODS Male infertility was induced in rat by intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg gossypol eight times then the treatment was carried out with 100 mg/kg ulva methanolic extract oral administration for one or two weeks, after this period OS, and male infertile markers were detected in blood and/or testes. RESULTS Gossypol stimulated male infertility by increasing testicular OS markers and decreasing semen quality, hyaluronidase enzyme activity, and blood testosterone level. The treatment with ulva methanolic extract improved gossypol related adverse effects. The treatment period for two weeks with extract was the most potent one. CONCLUSIONS Ulva methanolic extract could be considered as good antioxidant therapeutic candidate for OS linked male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Ghareeb
- Bioscreening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alshimaa Abd-Elgwad
- Bioscreening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nihal El-Guindy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Galila Yacout
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala H Zaatout
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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8
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Fleming JC, Woo J, Moutasim K, Hanley CJ, Frampton SJ, Wood O, Ward M, Woelk CH, Ottensmeier CH, Hafizi S, Kim D, Thomas GJ. CTEN Induces Tumour Cell Invasion and Survival and Is Prognostic in Radiotherapy-Treated Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2963. [PMID: 33066224 PMCID: PMC7602105 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogenous disease treated with surgery and/or (chemo) radiotherapy, but up to 50% of patients with late-stage disease develop locoregional recurrence. Determining the mechanisms underpinning treatment resistance could identify new therapeutic targets and aid treatment selection. C-terminal tensin-like (CTEN) is a member of the tensin family, upregulated in several cancers, although its expression and function in HNSCC are unknown. We found that CTEN is commonly upregulated in HNSCC, particularly HPV-ve tumours. In vitro CTEN was upregulated in HPV-ve (n = 5) and HPV+ve (n = 2) HNSCC cell lines. Stable shRNA knockdown of CTEN in vivo significantly reduced tumour growth (SCC-25), and functional analyses in vitro showed that CTEN promoted tumour cell invasion, colony formation and growth in 3D-culture (SCC-25, Detroit 562). RNA sequencing of SCC-25 cells following CTEN siRNA knockdown identified 349 differentially expressed genes (logFC > 1, p < 0.05). Gene ontology analysis highlighted terms relating to cell locomotion and apoptosis, consistent with in vitro findings. A membrane-based antibody array confirmed that CTEN regulated multiple apoptosis-associated proteins, including HSP60 and cleaved caspase-3. Notably, in a mixed cohort of HPV+ve and HPV-ve HNSCC patients (n = 259), we found a significant, independent negative association of CTEN with prognosis, limited to those patients treated with (chemo)radiotherapy, not surgery, irrespective of human papillomavirus (HPV) status. These data show that CTEN is commonly upregulated in HNSCC and exerts several functional effects. Its potential role in modulating apoptotic response to therapy suggests utility as a predictive biomarker or radio-sensitising target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C. Fleming
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 9GA, UK
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
| | - Jeongmin Woo
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (J.W.); (C.H.W.)
| | - Karwan Moutasim
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
| | - Christopher J. Hanley
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
| | - Steven J. Frampton
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
| | - Oliver Wood
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
| | - Matthew Ward
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
| | - Christopher H. Woelk
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (J.W.); (C.H.W.)
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
- Liverpool Head & Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 9GA, UK
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
- Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool CH63 4JY, UK
| | - Sassan Hafizi
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK;
| | - Dae Kim
- St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, UK;
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; (K.M.); (C.J.H.); (S.J.F.); (O.W.); (M.W.); (C.H.O.)
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9
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Traditional Herbal Medicine Mediated Regulations during Head and Neck Carcinogenesis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091321. [PMID: 32942674 PMCID: PMC7565208 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms worldwide. It is well recognized that environmental challenges such as smoking, viral infection and alcohol consumption are key factors underlying HNSCC pathogenesis. Other than major clinical interventions (e.g., surgical resection, chemical and radiotherapy) that have been routinely practiced over years, adjuvant anticancer agents from Traditional Herbal Medicine (THM) are proposed, either alone or together with conventional therapies, to be experimentally effective for improving treatment efficacy in different cancers including HNSCCs. At a cellular and molecular basis, THM extracts could modulate different malignant indices via distinct signaling pathways and provide better control in HNSCC malignancy and its clinical complications such as radiotherapy-induced xerostomia/oral mucositis. In this article, we aim to systemically review the impacts of THM in regulating HNSCC tumorous identities and its potential perspective for clinical use.
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10
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Zeng Y, Ma J, Xu L, Wu D. Natural Product Gossypol and its Derivatives in Precision Cancer Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1849-1873. [PMID: 28545375 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170523123655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gossypol, a natural product extracted from the seed, roots, and stem of cotton, was initially used as a male contraceptive but was subsequently investigated as a novel antitumor agent. This review depicts the current status of gossypol and its derivatives as novel antitumor agents as well as presents their preparation and characteristics, especially of some gossypol Schiff bases, through quantitative and structural analysis. The main attractive target sites of gossypol and its derivatives are Bcl-2 family proteins containing the anti-apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. The molecular mechanism of gossypol analogs not only involves cell apoptosis but also autophagy, cell cycle arrest, and other abnormal cellular phenomena. Gossypol and its derivatives exert antitumor effects on different cancer types in vitro and in vivo, and demonstrate synergistic effects with other chemo- and radio- therapeutic treatments. In addition, several nanocarriers have been designed to load gossypol or its derivatives in order to expand the range of their applications and evaluate their combination effects with other anti-tumor agents. This review may serve as a reference for the rational application of gossypol analogs as anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingwen Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Daocheng Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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11
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Identification of small molecule enzyme inhibitors as broad-spectrum anthelmintics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9085. [PMID: 31235822 PMCID: PMC6591293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting chokepoint enzymes in metabolic pathways has led to new drugs for cancers, autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases. This is also a cornerstone approach for discovery and development of anthelmintics against nematode and flatworm parasites. Here, we performed omics-driven knowledge-based identification of chokepoint enzymes as anthelmintic targets. We prioritized 10 of 186 phylogenetically conserved chokepoint enzymes and undertook a target class repurposing approach to test and identify new small molecules with broad spectrum anthelmintic activity. First, we identified and tested 94 commercially available compounds using an in vitro phenotypic assay, and discovered 11 hits that inhibited nematode motility. Based on these findings, we performed chemogenomic screening and tested 32 additional compounds, identifying 6 more active hits. Overall, 6 intestinal (single-species), 5 potential pan-intestinal (whipworm and hookworm) and 6 pan-Phylum Nematoda (intestinal and filarial species) small molecule inhibitors were identified, including multiple azoles, Tadalafil and Torin-1. The active hit compounds targeted three different target classes in humans, which are involved in various pathways, including carbohydrate, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism. Last, using representative inhibitors from each target class, we demonstrated in vivo efficacy characterized by negative effects on parasite fecundity in hamsters infected with hookworms.
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12
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Rodrigues-Junior DM, Tan SS, de Souza Viana L, Carvalho AL, Lim SK, Iyer NG, Vettore AL. A preliminary investigation of circulating extracellular vesicles and biomarker discovery associated with treatment response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:373. [PMID: 31014274 PMCID: PMC6480898 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of plasma-based biomarkers that prospectively segregate the outcome of patients with head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) might be an alternative source for discovery of new specific markers present in patients with HNSCC, which could help to re-direct patients to appropriate curative therapies without delay. METHODS In order to identify new markers in plasma compartments, Cholerae toxin B chain (CTB) and Annexin V (AV) were used to isolate EVs from pooled plasma samples from patients with locally advanced HNSCC who responded (CR, n = 6) or presented incomplete response (NR, n = 6) to CRT. The crude plasma and EVs cargo were screened by antibody array. RESULTS Of the 370 polypeptides detected, 119 proteins were specific to NR patients while 38 were exclusive of the CR subjects. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database analysis indicated that the content of circulating plasma EVs might have a relevant function for the tumor intercellular communication in the HNSCC patients. CONCLUSION This study provides a list of potential markers present in plasma compartments that might contribute to the development of tools for prediction and assessment of CRT response and potentially guide therapeutic decisions in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorival Mendes Rodrigues-Junior
- Department of Biological Science, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Câncer, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669 - 11° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil.,Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Centre of Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Soon Sim Tan
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*-STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Andre Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*-STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - N Gopalakrishna Iyer
- Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Centre of Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore. .,Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Andre Luiz Vettore
- Department of Biological Science, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular do Câncer, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669 - 11° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil.
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13
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Optimal targeting of BCL-family proteins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma requires inhibition of both BCL-xL and MCL-1. Oncotarget 2019; 10:494-510. [PMID: 30728900 PMCID: PMC6355180 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of treatment resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are not well characterized. In this study, HNSCC tumors from a cohort of prospectively enrolled subjects on an ongoing tissue banking study were divided into those that persisted or recurred locoregionally (n=23) and those that responded without recurrence (n=35). Gene expression was evaluated using llumina HumanHT-12-v3 Expression BeadChip microarrays. Sparse Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) identified 135 genes discriminating treatment-resistant from treatment-sensitive tumors. BCL-xL was identified among 23% of canonical pathways derived from this set of genes using Ingenuity Pathway analysis. The BCL-xL protein was expressed in 8 HNSCC cell lines examined. Cells were treated with the BCL-xL inhibitor, ABT-263 (navitoclax): the average half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 8.9μM (range 6.6μM - 13.9μM). Combining ABT-263 did not significantly increase responses to 2 Gy radiation or cisplatin in the majority of cell lines. MCL-1, a potential mediator of resistance to ABT-263, was expressed in all cell lines and HNSCC patient tumors, in addition to BCL-xL. Treatment with the MCL-1 inhibitor, A-1210477, in HNSCC cell lines showed an average IC50 of 10.7μM (range, 8.8μM to 12.7μM). Adding A-1210477 to ABT-263 (navitoclax) treatment resulted in an average 7-fold reduction in the required lethal dose of ABT-263 (navitoclax) when measured across all 8 cell lines. Synergistic activity was confirmed in PCI15B, Detroit 562, MDA686LN, and HN30 based on Bliss Independence analysis. This study demonstrates that targeting both BCL-xL and MCL-1 is required to optimally inhibit BCL-family pro-survival molecules in HNSCC, and co-inhibition is synergistic in HNSCC cancer cells.
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14
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Ziai H, Alenazi A, Hearn M, O'Connell DA, Puttagunta L, Barber B, Harris JR, Seikaly H, Biron VL. The association of Bcl-xL and p53 expression with survival outcomes in oropharyngeal cancer. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:141-151. [PMID: 30614804 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-182106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of molecular biomarkers in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has recently been increasingly recognized. There is conflicting evidence in the literature with regards to the prognostic value of p53 and Bcl-xL. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between p53 and Bcl-xL expression profiles and survival outcomes in OPSCC. METHODS Patients diagnosed with OPSCC and treated with curative intent between 1998 and 2009 were included in the study. Patient demographics, disease, treatment, and oncologic outcomes were collected prospectively. A tissue microarray (TMA) from patients' biopsies or surgical specimens was retrospectively constructed. The expression levels of p53, Bcl-xL, and p16 were digitally quantified and correlated to patient survival outcomes. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-six patients were included (mean age 56.7 years; standard deviation (SD) ± 10.0; 78% male). High expression of Bcl-xL (p= 0.04) was significantly associated with nodal disease at presentation, and decreased overall survival (OS) (p= 0.04). Combined expression of low Bcl-xL and low p53 conferred a survival advantage in non-smokers (p= 0.04). Multivariate analysis supported smoking and p16 status as independent prognosticators for OS. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that biomarker profiling using Bcl-xL and p53 levels may be of prognostic value in select patients with OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedyeh Ziai
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Abdulrahman Alenazi
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew Hearn
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel A O'Connell
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Puttagunta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Brittany Barber
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Harris
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hadi Seikaly
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Vincent L Biron
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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15
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Andrews A, Warner K, Rodriguez-Ramirez C, Pearson AT, Nör F, Zhang Z, Kerk S, Kulkarni A, Helman JI, Brenner JC, Wicha MS, Wang S, Nör JE. Ablation of Cancer Stem Cells by Therapeutic Inhibition of the MDM2-p53 Interaction in Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:1588-1600. [PMID: 30498096 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Unique cells characterized by multipotency, self-renewal, and high tumorigenic potential have been recently discovered in mucoepidermoid carcinomas. These cells are defined by high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and high CD44 expression (ALDHhighCD44high) and function as cancer stem cells (CSC). It has been recently shown that p53 regulates cell differentiation, suggesting that induction of p53 by therapeutic blockade of the MDM2-p53 interaction may constitute a novel strategy to ablate CSCs. Here, we evaluated the effect of a small-molecule inhibitor of MDM2-p53 interaction (MI-773) on the fraction of CSCs in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells (UM-HMC-1,-3A,-3B) were used to assess the effect of MI-773 on cell survival, cell cycle, fraction of CSCs, and expression of p53, p21, MDM2, and Bmi-1 (key regulator of self-renewal). Mice bearing xenograft tumors generated with these mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells were treated with MI-773 to determine the effect of MDM2-p53 inhibition on CSCs in vivo. RESULTS MDM2 is highly expressed in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma tissues. MI-773 induced expression of p53 and its downstream targets p21 and MDM2, caused G1 cell-cycle arrest, and induced mucoepidermoid carcinoma tumor cell apoptosis in vitro. Importantly, a marked decrease in expression of Bmi-1 and in the fraction of ALDHhighCD44high (CSCs) was caused by MI-773 in vitro and in mice harboring mucoepidermoid carcinoma xenografts. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data demonstrate that MI-773 reduces the fraction of CSCs, suggesting that patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma might benefit from therapeutic inhibition of the MDM2-p53 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Andrews
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kristy Warner
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christie Rodriguez-Ramirez
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Felipe Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Samuel Kerk
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Aditi Kulkarni
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joseph I Helman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J Chad Brenner
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Max S Wicha
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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16
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Yuan Z, Xiu C, Song K, Pei R, Miao S, Mao X, Sun J, Jia S. Long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1/miR-320a/RBPJ axis regulates laryngeal carcinoma cell stemness and chemoresistance. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4253-4262. [PMID: 29971915 PMCID: PMC6111816 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AFAP1-AS1 is a long non-coding RNA that is associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in a variety of cancers. We have been suggested that AFAP1-AS1 increases tumorigenesis in laryngeal carcinoma specifically by enhancing stemness and chemoresistance. We assessed AFAP1-AS1 expression in human laryngeal specimens, paired adjacent normal tissues and human HEp-2 cells. Indeed, we found not only that AFAP1-AS1 was up-regulated in laryngeal carcinoma specimens and cells, but also that stemness-associated genes were overexpressed. Silencing of AFAP1-AS1 promoted HEp-2 cell chemoresistance under cisplatin treatment. Expression of AFAP1-AS1 was increased in drug-resistant Hep-2 cells. We then probed the mechanism of AFAP1-AS1 activity and determined that miR-320a was a potential molecular target of AFAP1-AS1. Luciferase reporter and qRT-PCR assays of AFAP1-AS1 and miR-320a levels in human specimens and cell cultures indicated that AFAP1-AS1 negatively regulates miR-320a. To discover the molecular mechanism of miR-320a, we again used the DIANA Tools algorithm to predict its genetic target, RBPJ. After cloning the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of RBPJ into a luciferase reporter, we determined that miR-320a did in fact reduce RBPJ mRNA and protein levels. Ultimately, we determined that AFAP1-AS1 increases RBPJ expression by negatively regulating miR-320a and RBPJ overexpression rescues stemness and chemoresistance inhibited by AFAP1-AS1 silencing. Taken together, these results suggest that AFAP1-AS1 can serve as a prognostic biomarker in laryngeal carcinoma and that miR-320a has the potential to improve standard therapeutic approaches to the disease, especially for cases in which cancer cell stemness and drug resistance present significant barriers to effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Yuan
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Cheng Xiu
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Kaibin Song
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Rong Pei
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Shenshan Jia
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
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17
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The role of long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 in human malignant tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1524-1531. [PMID: 30173945 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type Table of endogenous RNA longer than 200 nucleotides in length, and this kind of RNAs lack or possess limited ability of coding proteins. A large number of studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs could take part in massive biological processes, such as transcriptional activation and interference, cellular differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs has been clarified to play extremely important roles in various diseases, especially in human cancers. LncRNA actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) is a newly recognized cancer-related lncRNA deriving from the antisense strand of DNA at the AFAP1 coding gene locus. A slew of new studies suggest that AFAP1-AS1 is involved in many kinds of malignant tumors. Moreover, in recent years, the dysregulated expression of AFAP1-AS1 has been confirmed to be associated with oncogenesis and tumor progression. Evidence has increasingly shown that AFAP1-AS1 could probably serve as a novel potential molecular biomarker in tumor diagnosis and therapeutic target in tumor treatment. In this review, we sum up present stage new hottest research issues in respect of the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of AFAP1-AS1 in occurrence and progression of human tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we summarize the recent researches about the expression and molecular biological mechanisms of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 in tumor development. Existing relevant studies are acquired and analyzed by searching Pubmed, BioMedNet, GEO database and Academic Search Elit systematically. RESULTS Long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 is an important tumor-associated lncRNA and its aberrant expression has been found in many malignancies so far, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, retinoblastoma, laryngeal cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma and thyroid cancer. In addition, the dysregulated expression of AFAP1-AS1 is related to carcinogensis, overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and tumor progression containing lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, histological grade, tumor size and tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS A series of studies provide detailed information to understand lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 role in various human cancers. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 is an oncogene in tumors that have been studied so far, and it may act as a useful tumor biomarker and therapeutic target.
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18
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Rajendra S, Xuan W, Merrett N, Sharma P, Sharma P, Pavey D, Yang T, Santos LD, Sharaiha O, Pande G, Cosman P, Wu X, Wang B. Survival Rates for Patients With Barrett High-grade Dysplasia and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With or Without Human Papillomavirus Infection. JAMA Netw Open 2018; 1:e181054. [PMID: 30646096 PMCID: PMC6324261 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with Barrett dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, the prognostic significance of esophageal tumor HPV status is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between HPV infection and related biomarkers in high-grade dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma and survival. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective case-control study. The hypothesis was that HPV-associated esophageal tumors would show a favorable prognosis (as in viral-positive head and neck cancers). Pretreatment biopsies were used for HPV DNA determination via polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization for E6 and E7 messenger RNA (mRNA), and immunohistochemistry for the proteins p16INK4A and p53. Sequencing of TP53 was also undertaken. The study took place at secondary and tertiary referral centers, with 151 patients assessed for eligibility and 9 excluded. The study period was from December 1, 2002, to November 28, 2017. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Among 142 patients with high-grade dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma (126 [88.7%] male; mean [SD] age, 66.0 [12.1] years; 142 [100%] white), 37 were HPV positive and 105 were HPV negative. Patients who were HPV positive mostly had high p16INK4A expression, low p53 expression, and wild-type TP53. There were more Tis, T1, and T2 tumors in HPV-positive patients compared with HPV-negative patients (75.7% vs 54.3%; difference, 21.4%; 95% CI, 4.6%-38.2%; P = .02). Mean DFS was superior in the HPV-positive group (40.3 vs 24.1 months; difference, 16.2 months; 95% CI, 5.7-26.8; P = .003) as was OS (43.7 vs 29.8 months; difference, 13.9 months; 95% CI, 3.6-24.3; P = .009). Recurrence or progression was reduced in the HPV-positive cohort (24.3% vs 58.1%; difference, -33.8%; 95% CI, -50.5% to -17.0%; P < .001) as was distant metastasis (8.1% vs 27.6%; difference, -19.5%; 95% CI, -31.8% to -7.2%; P = .02) and death from esophageal adenocarcinoma (13.5% vs 36.2%; difference, -22.7%; 95% CI, -37.0% to -8.3%; P = .01). Positive results for HPV and transcriptionally active virus were both associated with a superior DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.33; 95% CI, 0.16-0.67; P = .002 and HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22-0.88; P = .02, respectively [log-rank test]). Positivity for E6 and E7 mRNA, high p16INK4A expression, and low p53 expression were not associated with improved DFS. On multivariate analysis, superior DFS was demonstrated for HPV (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18-0.85; P = .02), biologically active virus (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.15-0.86; P = .02), E6 and E7 mRNA (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14-0.96; P = .04), and high p16 expression (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.89; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Barrett high-grade dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients who are positive for HPV are distinct biological entities with a favorable prognosis compared with viral-negative esophageal tumors. Confirmation of these findings in larger cohorts with more advanced disease could present an opportunity for treatment de-escalation in the hope of reducing toxic effects without deleteriously affecting survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugarajah Rajendra
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health Network, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wei Xuan
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neil Merrett
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Darren Pavey
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health Network, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tao Yang
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- SydPath, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Leonardo D. Santos
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Sydney South West Pathology Service, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Omar Sharaiha
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health Network, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Girish Pande
- Department of Surgery, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Peter Cosman
- Graduate School of Medicine and Illawara Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Pathology Unit, NSW Health Pathology, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bin Wang
- Gastro-Intestinal Viral Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Georgilis A, Klotz S, Hanley CJ, Herranz N, Weirich B, Morancho B, Leote AC, D'Artista L, Gallage S, Seehawer M, Carroll T, Dharmalingam G, Wee KB, Mellone M, Pombo J, Heide D, Guccione E, Arribas J, Barbosa-Morais NL, Heikenwalder M, Thomas GJ, Zender L, Gil J. PTBP1-Mediated Alternative Splicing Regulates the Inflammatory Secretome and the Pro-tumorigenic Effects of Senescent Cells. Cancer Cell 2018; 34:85-102.e9. [PMID: 29990503 PMCID: PMC6048363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence is a potent tumor-suppressive response. Paradoxically, senescence also induces an inflammatory secretome that promotes carcinogenesis and age-related pathologies. Consequently, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a potential therapeutic target. Here, we describe an RNAi screen for SASP regulators. We identified 50 druggable targets whose knockdown suppresses the inflammatory secretome and differentially affects other SASP components. Among the screen candidates was PTBP1. PTBP1 regulates the alternative splicing of genes involved in intracellular trafficking, such as EXOC7, to control the SASP. Inhibition of PTBP1 prevents the pro-tumorigenic effects of the SASP and impairs immune surveillance without increasing the risk of tumorigenesis. In conclusion, our study identifies SASP inhibition as a powerful and safe therapy against inflammation-driven cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Georgilis
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sabrina Klotz
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Christopher J Hanley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Somers Building, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Nicolas Herranz
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Benedikt Weirich
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69121, Germany
| | - Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and CIBERONC, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Ana Carolina Leote
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luana D'Artista
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Suchira Gallage
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69121, Germany
| | - Marco Seehawer
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Thomas Carroll
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gopuraja Dharmalingam
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Keng Boon Wee
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A(∗)STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore; Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Marco Mellone
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Somers Building, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Joaquim Pombo
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Danijela Heide
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69121, Germany
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Methyltransferases in Development and Disease Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and CIBERONC, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Nuno L Barbosa-Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69121, Germany
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, Somers Building, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jesús Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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20
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Li X, He J, Li B, Gao M, Zeng Y, Lian J, Shi C, Huang Y, He F. The PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone sensitizes the BH3 mimetic (-)-gossypol to induce apoptosis in cancer cells with high level of Bcl-2. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1213-1222. [PMID: 29856104 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The BH3 mimetic (-)-gossypol (-)-G has shown promising efficacy to kill several kinds of cancer cells or potentiate current chemotherapeutics. But it induces limited apoptosis in cancer cells with high level of Bcl-2. The nuclear receptor PPARγ and its agonist rosiglitazone can suppress various malignancies. More importantly, rosiglitazone is able to enhance the anti-tumor effects of chemotherapy drugs such as carboplatin and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In this study, we for the first time demonstrated that rosiglitazone could sensitize (-)-G to induce apoptosis in cancer cells with high level of Bcl-2. Furthermore, we found that (-)-G increased the mRNA level and protein stability of Mcl-1, which weakened the pro-apoptotic effect of (-)-G. Rosiglitazone attenuated the (-)-G-induced Mcl-1 stability through decreasing JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, rosiglitazone upregulated dual-specificity phosphatase 16 (DUSP16), leading to a reduction of (-)-G-triggered JNK phosphorylation. Animal experiments showed that rosiglitazone could sensitize (-)-G to repress the growth of cancer cells with high level of Bcl-2 in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that the PPARγ agonists may enhance the therapeutic effect of BH3 mimetics in cancers with high level of Bcl-2 through regulating the DUSP16/JNK/Mcl-1 singling pathway. This study may provide novel insights into the cancer therapeutics based on the combination of PPARγ agonists and BH3 mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jintao He
- Institute of Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chinese PLA 44 Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yijun Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiqin Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fengtian He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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21
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Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and bioavailability of gossypol-loaded Pluronic ® F127 nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Qin X, Sun L, Wang J. Restoration of microRNA-708 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin via IGF2BP1/Akt pathway. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:1110-1118. [PMID: 28685895 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A previous study has shown that microRNA-708 (miR-708) functions as a metastasis suppressor in ovarian cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore its implication in regulating cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells. To this end, ovarian cancer cells were transfected with miR-708-expressing plasmids or vector before treatment with different concentrations of cisplatin for 48 h. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) value was calculated. Apoptosis was analyzed by measuring caspase-3 activity. The target gene mediating the function of miR-708 was identified. Ectopic expression of miR-708 sensitized SKOV3 and A2780 cells to cisplatin, decreasing the IC50 value by two- to threefold. miR-708 overexpression significantly augmented cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, which was coupled with increased caspase-3 activity by two- to fourfold. Similarly, overexpression of miR-708 increased the sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant SKOV3/DDP and A2780/DDP cells to cisplatin-induced toxicity, reducing the IC50 by three- and fivefold, respectively. Delivery of miR-708 enhanced cisplatin-induced elevation in caspase-3 activity in both cisplatin-resistant and parental ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-708 downregulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) and suppressed Akt phosphorylation. Silencing of IGF2BP1 markedly blocked the phosphorylation of Akt. Overexpression of IGF2BP1 restored cisplatin resistance and Akt phosphorylation in miR-708-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells. Collectively, miR-708 increases the susceptibility of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin by targeting IGF2BP1 and inhibiting Akt signaling. Delivery of miR-708 may represent a promising strategy for improving cisplatin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, People's Republic of China
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23
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Mellone M, Hanley CJ, Thirdborough S, Mellows T, Garcia E, Woo J, Tod J, Frampton S, Jenei V, Moutasim KA, Kabir TD, Brennan PA, Venturi G, Ford K, Herranz N, Lim KP, Clarke J, Lambert DW, Prime SS, Underwood TJ, Vijayanand P, Eliceiri KW, Woelk C, King EV, Gil J, Ottensmeier CH, Thomas GJ. Induction of fibroblast senescence generates a non-fibrogenic myofibroblast phenotype that differentially impacts on cancer prognosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 9:114-132. [PMID: 27992856 PMCID: PMC5310659 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) remain a poorly characterized, heterogeneous cell population. Here we characterized two previously described tumor-promoting CAF sub-types, smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive myofibroblasts and senescent fibroblasts, identifying a novel link between the two. Analysis of CAF cultured ex vivo, showed that senescent CAF are predominantly SMA-positive; this was confirmed by immunochemistry in head & neck (HNSCC) and esophageal (EAC) cancers. In vitro, we found that fibroblasts induced to senesce develop molecular, ultrastructural and contractile features typical of myofibroblasts and this is dependent on canonical TGF-β signaling. Similar to TGF-β1-generated myofibroblasts, these cells secrete soluble factors that promote tumor cell motility. However, RNA-sequencing revealed significant transcriptomic differences between the two SMA-positive CAF groups, particularly in genes associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and organization, which differentially promote tumor cell invasion. Notably, second harmonic generation imaging and bioinformatic analysis of SMA-positive human HNSCC and EAC showed that collagen fiber organization correlates with poor prognosis, indicating that heterogeneity within the SMA-positive CAF population differentially impacts on survival. These results show that non-fibrogenic, SMA-positive myofibroblasts can be directly generated through induction of fibroblast senescence and suggest that senescence and myofibroblast differentiation are closely linked processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Mellone
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Christopher J Hanley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Steve Thirdborough
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Toby Mellows
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Edwin Garcia
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Jeongmin Woo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO166YD, UK
| | - Joanne Tod
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Steve Frampton
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Veronika Jenei
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Karwan A Moutasim
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Tasnuva D Kabir
- Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S102TA, UK
| | - Peter A Brennan
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth PO63LY, UK
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Kirsty Ford
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Nicolas Herranz
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12, UK
| | - Kue Peng Lim
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation. Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - James Clarke
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Daniel W Lambert
- Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S102TA, UK
| | - Stephen S Prime
- Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E12AD, UK
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | | | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation (LOCI), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Madison, Wisconsin, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christopher Woelk
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO166YD, UK
| | - Emma V King
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
| | - Jesus Gil
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12, UK
| | | | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO166YD, UK
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24
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Benvenuto M, Mattera R, Masuelli L, Taffera G, Andracchio O, Tresoldi I, Lido P, Giganti MG, Godos J, Modesti A, Bei R. (±)-Gossypol induces apoptosis and autophagy in head and neck carcinoma cell lines and inhibits the growth of transplanted salivary gland cancer cells in BALB/c mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:298-312. [PMID: 27670669 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1236077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Racemic Gossypol [(±)-GOS], composed of both (-)-GOS and (+)-GOS, is a small BH3-mimetic polyphenol derived from cotton seeds. (±)-GOS has been employed and well tolerated by cancer patients. Head and neck carcinoma (HNC) represents one of the most fatal cancers worldwide, and a significant proportion of HNC expresses high levels of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. In this study, we demonstrate that (±)-GOS inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis and autophagy of human pharynx, tongue, and salivary gland cancer cell lines and of mouse salivary gland cancer cells (SALTO). (±)-GOS was able to: (a) decrease the ErbB2 protein expression; (b) inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT; (c) stimulate p38 and JNK1/2 protein phosphorylation. (±)-GOS administration was safe in BALB/c mice and it reduced the growth of transplanted SALTO cells in vivo and prolonged mice median survival. Our results suggest the potential role of (±)-GOS as an antitumor agent in HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Benvenuto
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Rosanna Mattera
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- b Department of Experimental Medicine , "Sapienza Università di Roma" , Rome , Italy
| | - Gloria Taffera
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Orlando Andracchio
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Ilaria Tresoldi
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Lido
- c Internal Medicine Residency Program , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Giganti
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- d Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
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25
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Yan F, Pang J, Peng Y, Molina JR, Yang P, Liu S. Elevated Cellular PD1/PD-L1 Expression Confers Acquired Resistance to Cisplatin in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162925. [PMID: 27610620 PMCID: PMC5017656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is highly responsive to chemotherapies (e.g., cisplatin-etoposide doublet), virtually almost all responsive SCLC patients experience disease recurrence characterized by drug resistance. The mechanisms underlying cisplatin resistance remain elusive. Here we report that cell-intrinsic expression of PD1 and PD-L1, two immune checkpoints, is required for sustained expansion of SCLC cells under cisplatin selection. Indeed, PD1 and PD-L1 were expressed at a higher level in lung cancer cell lines, tumor tissues, and importantly, in SCLC cells resistant to cisplatin (H69R, H82R), when compared to respective controls. Genetic abrogation of PD1 and PD-L1 in H69R and H82R cells decreased their proliferation rate, and restored their sensitivity to cisplatin. Mechanistically, PD-L1 upregulation in H69R and H82R cells was attributed to the overexpression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) or receptor tyrosine kinase KIT, as knockdown of DNMT1 or KIT in H69R and H82R cells led to PD-L1 downregulation. Consequently, combined knockdown of PD-L1 with KIT or DNMT1 resulted in more pronounced inhibition of H69R and H82R cell growth. Thus, cell intrinsic PD1/PD-L1 signaling may be a predictor for poor efficacy of cisplatin treatment, and targeting the cellular PD1/PD-L1 axis may improve chemosensitization of aggressive SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, Minnesota, 55912, United States of America
| | - Jiuxia Pang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, Minnesota, 55912, United States of America
| | - Yong Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University /Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Julian R. Molina
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Ping Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Shujun Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, Minnesota, 55912, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Zubair H, Azim S, Khan HY, Ullah MF, Wu D, Singh AP, Hadi SM, Ahmad A. Mobilization of Intracellular Copper by Gossypol and Apogossypolone Leads to Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Cell Death: Putative Anticancer Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060973. [PMID: 27331811 PMCID: PMC4926505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that serum, tissue and intracellular levels of copper are elevated in all types of cancer. Copper has been suggested as an important co-factor for angiogenesis. It is also a major metal ion present inside the nucleus, bound to DNA bases, particularly guanine. We have earlier proposed that the interaction of phenolic-antioxidants with intracellular copper leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that ultimately serve as DNA cleaving agents. To further validate our hypothesis we show here that the antioxidant gossypol and its semi-synthetic derivative apogossypolone induce copper-mediated apoptosis in breast MDA-MB-231, prostate PC3 and pancreatic BxPC-3 cancer cells, through the generation of ROS. MCF10A breast epithelial cells refractory to the cytotoxic property of these compounds become sensitized to treatment against gossypol, as well as apogossypolone, when pre-incubated with copper. Our present results confirm our earlier findings and strengthen our hypothesis that plant-derived antioxidants mobilize intracellular copper instigating ROS-mediated cellular DNA breakage. As cancer cells exist under significant oxidative stress, this increase in ROS-stress to cytotoxic levels could be a successful anticancer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India.
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Shafquat Azim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India.
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Husain Yar Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India.
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, PO Box 33, 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India.
- Prince Fahad Research Chair, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk-71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Daocheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Sheikh Mumtaz Hadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
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Song W, Tang Z, Shen N, Yu H, Jia Y, Zhang D, Jiang J, He C, Tian H, Chen X. Combining disulfiram and poly(l-glutamic acid)-cisplatin conjugates for combating cisplatin resistance. J Control Release 2016; 231:94-102. [PMID: 26928530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A poly(l-glutamic acid) graft polyethylene glycol-cisplatin complex (PGA-CisPt) performs well in reducing the toxicity of free cisplatin and greatly enhances the accumulation and retention of cisplatin in solid tumors. However, there is a lack of effective treatment options for cisplatin-resistant tumors. A major reason for this is the dense PEG shell, which ensures that the PGA-CisPt maintains a long retention time in the blood that may result in it bypassing the tumor cells or failing to be endocytosed within the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, the cisplatin from PGA-CisPt is released to the extracellular space in the presence of cisplatin-resistant tumor cells and the resistant problem to free cisplatin still valid. Therefore, we devised a strategy to combat the resistance of cisplatin in the tumor microenvironment using nanoparticles-loaded disulfiram (NPs-DSF) as a modulator. In vitro, cisplatin, in combination with DSF, had a synergistic effect and decreased cell survival rate of cisplatin-resistant A549DDP cells. This effect was also observed when combining PGA-CisPt with NPs-DSF. Similarly, in Balb/C nude mice with A549DDP xenografts, NPs-DSF improved PGA-CisPt effectiveness in inhibiting tumor growth while maintaining low toxicity. Our data demonstrate that DSF reduces intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, inhibits NFκB activity, and modulates the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax, thereby improves the effectiveness of cisplatin in resistant cell lines. Here, we provide a promising method for overcoming cisplatin resistance in tumors, while maintaining the in vivo benefits of the PGA-CisPt complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Na Shen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yanjie Jia
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Chaoliang He
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Huayu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China.
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A phase II trial of the BCL-2 homolog domain 3 mimetic AT-101 in combination with docetaxel for recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic head and neck cancer. Invest New Drugs 2016; 34:481-9. [PMID: 27225873 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-016-0364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AT-101 is a BCL-2 Homolog domain 3 mimetic previously demonstrated to have tumoricidal effects in advanced solid organ malignancies. Given the evidence of activity in xenograft models, treatment with AT-101 in combination with docetaxel is a therapeutic doublet of interest in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients included in this trial had unresectable, recurrent, or distantly metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) not amenable to curative radiation or surgery. This was an open label randomized, phase II trial in which patients were administered AT-101 in addition to docetaxel. The three treatment arms were docetaxel, docetaxel plus pulse dose AT-101, and docetaxel plus metronomic dose AT-101. The primary endpoint of this trial was overall response rate. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were registered and 32 were evaluable for treatment response. Doublet therapy with AT-101 and docetaxel was well tolerated with only 2 patients discontinuing therapy due to treatment related toxicities. The overall response rate was 11 % (4 partial responses) with a clinical benefit rate of 74 %. Median progression free survival was 4.3 months (range: 0.7-13.7) and overall survival was 5.5 months (range: 0.4-24). No significant differences were noted between dosing strategies. CONCLUSION Although met with a favorable toxicity profile, the addition of AT-101 to docetaxel in R/M HNSCC does not appear to demonstrate evidence of efficacy.
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García-Cano J, Ambroise G, Pascual-Serra R, Carrión MC, Serrano-Oviedo L, Ortega-Muelas M, Cimas FJ, Sabater S, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Sanchez Perez I, Mas A, Jalón FA, Vazquez A, Sánchez-Prieto R. Exploiting the potential of autophagy in cisplatin therapy: A new strategy to overcome resistance. Oncotarget 2016; 6:15551-65. [PMID: 26036632 PMCID: PMC4558170 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to cisplatin is a major challenge in the current cancer therapy. In order to explore new therapeutic strategies to cisplatin resistance, we evaluated, in a model of lung cancer (H1299 and H460 cell lines), the nature of the pathways leading to cell death. We observed that H1299 displayed a natural resistance to cisplatin due to an inability to trigger an apoptotic response that correlates with the induction of autophagy. However, pharmacological and genetic approaches showed how autophagy was a mechanism associated to cell death rather than to resistance. Indeed, pro-autophagic stimuli such as mTOR or Akt inhibition mediate cell death in both cell lines to a similar extent. We next evaluated the response to a novel platinum compound, monoplatin, able to promote cell death in an exclusive autophagy-dependent manner. In this case, no differences were observed between both cell lines. Furthermore, in response to monoplatin, two molecular hallmarks of cisplatin response (p53 and MAPKs) were not implicated, indicating the ability of this pro-autophagic compound to overcome cisplatin resistance. In summary, our data highlight how induction of autophagy could be used in cisplatin resistant tumours and an alternative treatment for p53 mutated patient in a synthetic lethally approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús García-Cano
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Gorbatchev Ambroise
- INSERM U.1197/Université Paris-Sud/Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Raquel Pascual-Serra
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Carrión
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, UCLM. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Leticia Serrano-Oviedo
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marta Ortega-Muelas
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cimas
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Sebastià Sabater
- Radiation Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Albacete (CHUA), Spain
| | - María José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Inorgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Albacete, Spain.,Unidad asociada de Biomedicina, UCLM-CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Isabel Sanchez Perez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, UAM/Biomedical Research Institute of Madrid, Madrid CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad asociada de Biomedicina, UCLM-CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonio Mas
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Unidad asociada de Biomedicina, UCLM-CSIC, Albacete, Spain.,Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Félix A Jalón
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, UCLM. Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Aimé Vazquez
- INSERM U.1197/Université Paris-Sud/Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Unidad asociada de Biomedicina, UCLM-CSIC, Albacete, Spain
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30
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Zerp SF, Stoter TR, Hoebers FJP, van den Brekel MWM, Dubbelman R, Kuipers GK, Lafleur MVM, Slotman BJ, Verheij M. Targeting anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 by AT-101 to increase radiation efficacy: data from in vitro and clinical pharmacokinetic studies in head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26223311 PMCID: PMC4520130 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-015-0474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pro-survival Bcl-2 family members can promote cancer development and contribute to treatment resistance. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is frequently characterized by overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Increased levels of these anti-apoptotic proteins have been associated with radio- and chemoresistance and poor clinical outcome. Inhibition of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members therefore represents an appealing strategy to overcome resistance to anti-cancer therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate combined effects of radiation and the pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor AT-101 in HNSCC in vitro. In addition, we determined human plasma levels of AT-101 obtained from a phase I/II trial, and compared these with the effective in vitro concentrations to substantiate therapeutic opportunities. METHODS We examined the effect of AT-101, radiation and the combination on apoptosis induction and clonogenic survival in two HNSCC cell lines that express the target proteins. Apoptosis was assessed by bis-benzimide staining to detect morphological nuclear changes and/or by propidium iodide staining and flow-cytometry analysis to quantify sub-diploid apoptotic nuclei. The type of interaction between AT-101 and radiation was evaluated by calculating the Combination Index (CI) and by performing isobolographic analysis. For the pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma AT-101 levels were measured by HPLC in blood samples collected from patients enrolled in our clinical phase I/II study. These patients with locally advanced HNSCC were treated with standard cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy and received dose-escalating oral AT-101 in a 2-weeks daily schedule every 3 weeks. RESULTS In vitro results showed that AT-101 enhances radiation-induced apoptosis with CI's below 1.0, indicating synergy. This effect was sequence-dependent. Clonogenic survival assays demonstrated a radiosensitizing effect with a DEF37 of 1.3 at sub-apoptotic concentrations of AT-101. Pharmacokinetic analysis of patient blood samples taken between 30 min and 24 h after intake of AT-101 showed a dose-dependent increase in plasma concentration with peak levels up to 300-700 ng/ml between 1.5 and 2.5 h after intake. CONCLUSION AT-101 is a competent enhancer of radiation-induced apoptosis in HNSCC in vitro. In addition, in vitro radiosensitization was observed at clinically attainable plasma levels. These finding support further evaluation of the combination of AT-101 with radiation in Bcl-2-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuraila F Zerp
- Department of Biological Stress Response, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Rianne Stoter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J P Hoebers
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel W M van den Brekel
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ria Dubbelman
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gitta K Kuipers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Vincent M Lafleur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben J Slotman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Verheij
- Department of Biological Stress Response, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Radiotherapy, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066, CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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Ren T, Shan J, Li M, Qing Y, Qian C, Wang G, Li Q, Lu G, Li C, Peng Y, Luo H, Zhang S, Yang Y, Cheng Y, Wang D, Zhou SF. Small-molecule BH3 mimetic and pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor AT-101 enhances the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin through inhibition of APE1 repair and redox activity in non-small-cell lung cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:2887-910. [PMID: 26089640 PMCID: PMC4467754 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s82724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AT-101 is a BH3 mimetic and pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor that has shown potent anticancer activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in murine models, but failed to show clinical efficacy when used in combination with docetaxel in NSCLC patients. Our recent study has demonstrated that AT-101 enhanced the antitumor effect of cisplatin (CDDP) in a murine model of NSCLC via inhibition of the interleukin-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. This study explored the underlying mechanisms for the enhanced anticancer activity of CDDP by AT-101. Our results show that, when compared with monotherapy, AT-101 significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of CDDP on proliferation and migration of A549 cells and on tube formation and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. AT-101 promoted the proapoptotic activity of CDDP in A549 cells. AT-101 also enhanced the inhibitory effect of CDDP on DNA repair and redox activities of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) in A549 cells. In tumor tissues from nude mice treated with AT-101 plus CDDP or monotherapy, the combination therapy resulted in greater inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation than the monotherapy. These results suggest that AT-101 can enhance the antitumor activity of CDDP in NSCLC via inhibition of APE1 DNA repair and redox activities and by angiogenesis and induction of apoptosis, but other mechanisms cannot be excluded. We are now conducting a Phase II trial to examine the clinical efficacy and safety profile of combined use of AT-101 plus CDDP in advanced NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ren
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jinlu Shan
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Qing
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengyuan Qian
- Department of Oncology, The 97 Hospital of PLA, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjie Wang
- Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Military District General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Guoshou Lu
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongyi Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Peng
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Luo
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiheng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Yang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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32
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Zhao L, Feng C, Hou C, Hu L, Wang Q, Wu Y. First discovery of acetone extract from cottonseed oil sludge as a novel antiviral agent against plant viruses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117496. [PMID: 25705894 PMCID: PMC4337905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel acetone extract from cottonseed oil sludge was firstly discovered against plant viruses including Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Rice stripe virus (RSV) and Southern rice black streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV). Gossypol and β-sitosterol separated from the acetone extract were tested for their effects on anti-TMV and analysed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) assay. In vivo and field trials in different geographic distributions and different host varieties declared that this extract mixture was more efficient than the commercial agent Ningnanmycin with a broad spectrum of anti-plant-viruses activity. No phytotoxic activity was observed in the treated plants and environmental toxicology showed that this new acetone extract was environmentally friendly, indicating that this acetone extract has potential application in the control of plant virus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaohong Feng
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caiting Hou
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingyun Hu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaochun Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (QW); (YW)
| | - Yunfeng Wu
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (QW); (YW)
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33
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Geserick P, Wang J, Feoktistova M, Leverkus M. The ratio of Mcl-1 and Noxa determines ABT737 resistance in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1412. [PMID: 25210795 PMCID: PMC4540197 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumour progression and therapy resistance in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) is strongly associated with resistance to intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis. We thus investigated the role of various anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins for apoptosis protection in SCC using the BH3 agonist ABT737 that can overcome multidomain Bcl-2 protein protection. Sensitive SCC cells underwent rapid loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), subsequent apoptosis concomitant with caspase-3 activation and an early release of mitochondria-derived cytochrome c and smac/DIABLO. In contrast, ABT737 resistance in subsets of SCC cells was not explained by XIAP, important for protection from DR-induced apoptosis in SCC. Of note, ABT737 did not prime SCC cells to DR-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, the ratio of Mcl-1 and Noxa determined sensitivity to ABT737: loss of Mcl-1 rendered resistant cells sensitive to ABT737, whereas loss of Noxa promoted resistance in sensitive cells. In line, suppression of Mcl-1 by the pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor Obatoclax or overexpression of Noxa rendered resistant SCC cells sensitive to BH3 mimetics. Our data indicate that targeting of the Mcl-1/Noxa axis is important to overcome resistance to mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC. Therefore, combination treatment of ABT737 or derivatives with Mcl-1 inhibitors, or inducers of Noxa, may represent a novel option of targeted therapy in metastatic SCC of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Geserick
- Section of Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Wang
- Section of Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Feoktistova
- Section of Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Leverkus
- Section of Molecular Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Evaluation of apoptogenic adenovirus type 5 oncolytic vectors in a Syrian hamster head and neck cancer model. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:228-237. [PMID: 24874842 PMCID: PMC4353496 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) vectors are intensely investigated for virotherapy of a wide variety of human cancers. Here, we have evaluated the effect of two apoptogenic HAdV5 vectors in an immunocompetent Syrian hamster animal model of head and neck cancer. We established two cell lines of hamster cheek pouch squamous cell carcinomas, induced by treatment with 9, 10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene (DMBA). These cell lines, when infected with HAdV5 mutants lp11w and lp11w/Δ55K (which are defective in the expression of either E1B-19K alone or both E1B-19K and E1B-55K proteins) exhibited enhanced apoptotic and cytotoxic responses. The cheek pouch tumor cells transplanted either subcutaneously at the flanks or in the cheek pouches of hamsters readily formed tumors. Intra-tumoral administration of HAdV5 E1B mutants efficiently suppressed the growth of tumors at both sites. Histological examination of orthotopic tumors revealed reduced vascularity and the expression of the viral fiber antigen in virus-administered cheek pouch tumors. These tumors also exhibited increased caspase-3 levels, suggesting virus-induced apoptosis may contribute to tumor growth suppression. Our results suggest that the apoptogenic HAdV5 vectors may have utility for the treatment of human head and neck cancers.
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Microarray analysis of serum mRNA in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma at whole-genome scale. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:408683. [PMID: 24864240 PMCID: PMC4017838 DOI: 10.1155/2014/408683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for noninvasive approaches in monitoring head and neck cancer, circulating nucleic acids have been shown to be a promising tool. We focused on the global transcriptome of serum samples of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in comparison with healthy individuals. We compared gene expression patterns of 36 samples. Twenty-four participants including 16 HNSCC patients (from 12 patients we obtained blood samples 1 year posttreatment) and 8 control subjects were recruited. The Illumina HumanWG-6 v3 Expression BeadChip was used to profile and identify the differences in serum mRNA transcriptomes. We found 159 genes to be significantly changed (Storey's P value <0.05) between normal and cancer serum specimens regardless of factors including p53 and B-cell lymphoma family members (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL). In contrast, there was no difference in gene expression between samples obtained before and after surgery in cancer patients. We suggest that microarray analysis of serum cRNA in patients with HNSCC should be suitable for refinement of early stage diagnosis of disease that can be important for development of new personalized strategies in diagnosis and treatment of tumours but is not suitable for monitoring further development of disease.
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36
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Barber BR, Biron VL, Klimowicz AC, Puttagunta L, Côté DWJ, Seikaly H. Molecular predictors of locoregional and distant metastases in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 42:53. [PMID: 24401183 PMCID: PMC3819019 DOI: 10.1186/1916-0216-42-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing due to fundamental changes in oncogenesis related to effects of the human papilomavirus (HPV). Virally-mediated tumours behave and respond to treatment differently than their classic, carcinogenically-mediated counterparts despite similar stage and grade of disease. This difference in behaviour has lead to investigation of etiologies of OPSCC at the molecular level. Molecular biomarkers offer potential insight into the behaviour of OPSCC. Identifying a subset of patients that are more likely to have recurrence and distant metastasis is valuable for prognostication and treatment planning. There is limited information regarding the profiles of these biomarkers in locoregional and distant metastases in OPSCC. Objective This study was designed to identify biomarker profiles predictive of locoregional and distant metastases and recurrence in OPSCC. Methods Cross-sectional study of a prospectively-collected oropharyngeal tumour database was undertaken. All patients with OPSCC presenting to the University of Alberta Hospital from 2002-2009 were included in the study. Data collection from the Alberta Cancer Registry, including demographics, nodal status, distant metastases, treatment, recurrence, and survival, was undertaken. Tissue micro-arrays (TMAs) were constructed for each tumour specimen using triplicate cores (0.6mm) of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) pre-treatment tumour tissue. TMAs were processed using immunohistochemistry for p16, EGFR, Ki67, p53, and Bcl-XL. Positivity for each biomarker was determined using quantified AQUAnalysis ® scores on histoplots. Multivariate statistics were utilized to assess the relationship between each biomarker and locoregional and distant metastases, as well as recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results High expression of p16 (p=0.000) and Bcl-XL (p=0.039) independently demonstrated a significant association with nodal disease at presentation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated improved RFS in patients with high p16 and decreased RFS in patients with high p53 expression. Cox regression analysis supported p16 as an independent prognosticator for improved RFS. p53 demonstrated an association with recurrence, but when compared to p16 status, nodal status, and staging, was not an independent predictor of recurrence. Conclusions Biomarker profiling using p16, Bcl-xL, and p53 may be useful in prognostication and treatment planning in patients with OPSCC.
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A novel role for the anti-senescence factor TBX2 in DNA repair and cisplatin resistance. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e846. [PMID: 24113180 PMCID: PMC3824674 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of drug resistant tumours that are able to escape cell death pose a major problem in the treatment of cancers. Tumours develop resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents by acquiring the ability to repair their DNA. Combination therapies that induce DNA damage and disrupt the DNA damage repair process may therefore prove to be more effective against such tumours. The developmentally important transcription factor TBX2 has been suggested as a novel anticancer drug target, as it is overexpressed in several cancers and possesses strong anti-senescence and pro-proliferative functions. Importantly, we recently showed that when TBX2 is silenced, we are able to reverse several features of transformation in both breast cancer and melanoma cells. Overexpression of TBX2 has also been linked to drug resistance and we have shown that its ectopic expression results in genetically unstable polyploidy cells with resistance to cisplatin. Whether the overexpression of endogenous TBX2 levels is associated with cisplatin resistance in TBX2-driven cancers has, however, not been shown. To address this we have silenced TBX2 in a cisplatin-resistant breast cancer cell line and we show that knocking down TBX2 sensitises the cells to cisplatin by disrupting the ATM-CHK2-p53 signalling pathway. Cell cycle analyses demonstrate that when TBX2 is knocked down there is an abrogation of an S-phase arrest but a robust G2/M arrest that correlates with a reduction in phosphorylated CHK2 and p53 levels. This prevents DNA repair resulting in TBX2-deficient cells entering mitosis with damaged DNA and consequently undergoing mitotic catastrophe. These results suggest that targeting TBX2 in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin could improve the efficacy of current anticancer treatments.
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Han S, Hao F, Wei B. Chemiluminescence Determination of Gossypol by Oxidation with N-Bromosuccinimide. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201200464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kidwai F, Costea DE, Hutchison I, Mackenzie I. The effects of CD44 down-regulation on stem cell properties of head and neck cancer cell lines. J Oral Pathol Med 2013; 42:682-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Kidwai
- Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Daniela E. Costea
- Section for Pathology; Clinical Institute 1; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Iain Hutchison
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry; London UK
| | - Ian Mackenzie
- Blizard Institute; Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
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Martens-de Kemp SR, Dalm SU, Wijnolts FMJ, Brink A, Honeywell RJ, Peters GJ, Braakhuis BJM, Brakenhoff RH. DNA-bound platinum is the major determinant of cisplatin sensitivity in head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61555. [PMID: 23613873 PMCID: PMC3629194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The combination of systemic cisplatin with local and regional radiotherapy as primary treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) leads to cure in approximately half of the patients. The addition of cisplatin has significant effects on outcome, but despite extensive research the mechanism underlying cisplatin response is still not well understood. METHODS We examined 19 HNSCC cell lines with variable cisplatin sensitivity. We determined the TP53 mutational status of each cell line and investigated the expression levels of 11 potentially relevant genes by quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, we measured cisplatin accumulation and retention, as well as the level of platinum-DNA adducts. RESULTS We found that the IC50 value was significantly correlated with the platinum-DNA adduct levels that accumulated during four hours of cisplatin incubation (p = 0.002). We could not find a significant correlation between cisplatin sensitivity and any of the other parameters tested, including the expression levels of established cisplatin influx and efflux transporters. Furthermore, adduct accumulation did not correlate with mRNA expression of the investigated influx pumps (CTR1 and OCT3) nor with that of the examined DNA repair genes (ATR, ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2 and ERCC1). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the cisplatin-DNA adduct level is the most important determinant of cisplatin sensitivity in HNSCC cells. Imaging with radio-labeled cisplatin might have major associations with outcome.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cisplatin/metabolism
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Cisplatin/therapeutic use
- DNA Adducts/metabolism
- DNA Adducts/pharmacology
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, Neoplasm/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Mutation/genetics
- Platinum/pharmacology
- Platinum/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne R Martens-de Kemp
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head-Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Combination of AT-101/cisplatin overcomes chemoresistance by inducing apoptosis and modulating epigenetics in human ovarian cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:3925-33. [PMID: 23269627 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of AT-101/cisplatin combination treatment on the expression levels of apoptotic proteins and epigenetic events such as DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activities in OVCAR-3 and MDAH-2774 ovarian cancer cells. XTT cell viability assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity. For showing apoptosis, both DNA Fragmentation and caspase 3/7 activity measurements were performed. The expression levels of apoptotic proteins were assessed by human apoptosis antibody array. DNMT and HDAC activities were evaluated by ELISA assay and mRNA levels of DNMT1 and HDAC1 genes were quantified by qRT-PCR. Combination of AT-101/cisplatin resulted in strong synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells. Combination treatment reduced some pivotal anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, HIF-1A, cIAP-1, XIAP in OVCAR-3 cells, whereas p21, Bcl-2, cIAP-1, HSP27, Clusterin and XIAP in MDAH-2774 cells. Among the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bad, Bax, Fas, phospho-p53 (S46), Cleaved caspase-3, SMAC/Diablo, TNFR1 and Cytochrome c were induced in OVCAR-3 cells, whereas, Bax, TRAILR2, FADD, p27, phospho-p53 (S46), Cleaved caspase-3, Cytochrome c, SMAC/Diablo and TNFR1 were induced in MDAH-2774 cells. Combination treatment also inhibited both DNMT and HDAC activities and also mRNA levels in both ovarian cancer cells. AT-101 exhibits great potential in sensitization of human ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment in vitro, suggesting that the combination of AT-101 with cisplatin may hold great promise for development as a novel chemotherapeutic approach to overcome platinum-resistance in human ovarian cancer.
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42
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Wong FY, Liem N, Xie C, Yan FL, Wong WC, Wang L, Yong WP. Combination therapy with gossypol reveals synergism against gemcitabine resistance in cancer cells with high BCL-2 expression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50786. [PMID: 23226540 PMCID: PMC3514173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although gemcitabine is highly active in several cancer types, intrinsic and acquired drug resistance remains a major challenge. Overexpression of Bcl-2 has been associated with gemcitabine resistance. The aim of this study is to determine whether gossypol can overcome gemcitabine resistance in cell lines with high level of Bcl-2 expression in combination drug therapy. Our study demonstrated that in 10 cell lines derived from different cancers, high Bcl-2 baseline expression was observed in cell lines that were resistant to gemcitabine (GEM-R). Furthermore, synergistic effect of combination therapy was observed in gemcitabine-resistant (GEM-R) cell lines with high Bcl-2 expression, but not in a gemcitabine-sensitive (GEM-S) cell lines regardless of Bcl-2 expression. Gossypol treatment resulted in the decrease of anti-apoptotic genes such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl and an upregulation of the pro-apoptotic gene, Noxa. Furthermore, the addition of gossypol to gemcitabine resulted in lower expressions of anti-apoptotic genes compared to gemcitabine alone. Gene expression profiling in GEM-R and GEM-S cell lines suggest that anti-apoptotic genes such as pAkt and PI3KR2 may play important role in gemcitabine resistance, while pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 related genes (Bad, Caspase-6 and Calpain-1) may regulate synergistic interaction in combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foong Ying Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
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Kothandapani A, Gopalakrishnan K, Kahali B, Reisman D, Patrick SM. Downregulation of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling factor subunits modulates cisplatin cytotoxicity. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:1973-86. [PMID: 22721696 PMCID: PMC3408789 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF plays important roles in many cellular processes including transcription, proliferation, differentiation and DNA repair. In this report, we investigated the role of SWI/SNF catalytic subunits Brg1 and Brm in the cellular response to cisplatin in lung cancer and head/neck cancer cells. Stable knockdown of Brg1 and Brm enhanced cellular sensitivity to cisplatin. Repair kinetics of cisplatin DNA adducts revealed that downregulation of Brg1 and Brm impeded the repair of both intrastrand adducts and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Cisplatin ICL-induced DNA double strand break repair was also decreased in Brg1 and Brm depleted cells. Altered checkpoint activation with enhanced apoptosis as well as impaired chromatin relaxation was observed in Brg1 and Brm deficient cells. Downregulation of Brg1 and Brm did not affect the recruitment of DNA damage recognition factor XPC to cisplatin DNA lesions, but affected ERCC1 recruitment, which is involved in the later stages of DNA repair. Based on these results, we propose that SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex modulates cisplatin cytotoxicity by facilitating efficient repair of the cisplatin DNA lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbarasi Kothandapani
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo – Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH – 43614, USA
| | - Kathirvel Gopalakrishnan
- Physiological Genomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH – 43614, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kahali
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – 32610, USA
| | - David Reisman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL – 32610, USA
| | - Steve M Patrick
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo – Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH – 43614, USA
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Wang L, Mosel AJ, Oakley GG, Peng A. Deficient DNA damage signaling leads to chemoresistance to cisplatin in oral cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:2401-9. [PMID: 22973056 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is an important determinant of cell sensitivity to cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic drugs that eliminate tumor cells through induction of DNA damage. It is therefore important to investigate whether alterations of the DNA damage-signaling pathway confer chemoresistance in cancer cells and whether pharmacologic manipulation of the DDR pathway can resensitize these cells to cancer therapy. In a panel of oral/laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines, we observed deficiencies in DNA damage signaling in correlation with cisplatin resistance, but not with DNA repair. These deficiencies are consistent with reduced expression of components of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent signaling pathway and, in particular, strong upregulation of Wip1, a negative regulator of the ATM pathway. Wip1 knockdown or inhibition enhanced DNA damage signaling and resensitized oral SCC cells to cisplatin. In contrast to the previously reported involvement of Wip1 in cancer, Wip1 upregulation and function in these SCC cells is independent of p53. Finally, using xenograft tumor models, we showed that Wip1 upregulation promotes tumorigenesis and its inhibition improves the tumor response to cisplatin. Thus, this study reveals that chemoresistance in oral SCCs is partially attributed to deficiencies in DNA damage signaling, and Wip1 is an effective drug target for enhanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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Chien CC, Ko CH, Shen SC, Yang LY, Chen YC. The role of COX-2/PGE2 in gossypol-induced apoptosis of colorectal carcinoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3128-37. [PMID: 22170686 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.23067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that gossypol (GOS) exhibits potent cytotoxic effects via apoptosis induction against human colorectal carcinoma cells; however, the role of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2/prostaglandin (PG)E(2) on GOS-induced apoptosis is still unknown. In the present study, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) addition significantly inhibited GOS-induced apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma HT-29 cells in accordance with inducing COX-2 protein/PGE(2) production. TPA inhibition of GOS-induced apoptosis was blocked by adding protein kinase (PK)C inhibitors including staurosporine (ST), GF109203X (GF), and H7, characterized by the occurrence of cleaved caspase 3 proteins and a decrease in COX-2 protein/PGE(2) production in HT-29 cells. The addition of COX activity inhibitors, including NS398 (NS), aspirin (AS), diclofenac (DI), and indomethacin (IN), suppressed TPA protection of GOS-induced apoptosis with decreased PGE(2) production in HT-29 cells. Application of PGE(2), but not it analogs PGD(2), PGJ(2), or PGF(2α), protected HT-29 cells from GOS-induced DNA ladders, and the E-prostanoid (EP(1)) receptor agonist, 17PT-PGE(2), mimicked the protection induced by PGE(2), whereas the selective EP(2) receptor agonist, butaprostol (BUT), the EP(3) receptor agonist, sulprostol (SUL), and the EP(4) receptor agonist, PGE(1) alcohol (PGE(1)), showed no significant effects on GOS-induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells. PGE(2) 's protection against GOS-induced apoptosis was reversed by adding the selective EP(1) receptor antagonist, SC-19220. Furthermore, GOS had an effective apoptotic effect on COLO205 colorectal carcinoma cells which expressed undetectable level of endogenous COX-2 protein than HT-29 cells, and the decreased COX-2 protein level via COX-2 siRNA or addition of COX-2 activity inhibitor NS significantly elevated GOS-induced cell death in HT-29 cells. COLO205-T cells were established through sustained TPA incubation of COLO205 cells, and COLO205-T cells showed a lower sensitivity to GOS-induced cell death with increased COX-2 (not Bcl-2 and Mcl-1) protein than parental COLO-205 cells. A decrease in COX-2 protein expression in COLO205-T cells by COX-2 siRNA transfection or enhanced GOS-induced cell death according to MTT assay and DNA integrity assay. The notion of COX-2/PGE(2) activation against GOS-induced apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells was demonstrated, and the combination of GOS and COX-2 inhibitors to treat colon carcinoma possesses clinical potential worthy of further investigation.
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46
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Johnson DE. Targeting proliferation and survival pathways in head and neck cancer for therapeutic benefit. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2012; 31:319-26. [PMID: 22257382 PMCID: PMC3607312 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.011.10404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are common human malignancies with poor clinical outcomes. The 5-year survival rates for patients with advanced stage HNSCC have not changed appreciably in the past few decades, underscoring a dire need for improved therapeutic options. Recent studies have elucidated a key signaling axis, the EGFR-STAT3-Bcl-XL signaling axis, that is aberrantly activated in a majority of HNSCC and contributes to the proliferation and survival of malignant cells. Considerable effort is being placed on developing highly specific inhibitors of different components of this pathway. This review highlights the progress that is being made towards achieving potent inhibition of the EGFR-STAT3-Bcl-XL signaling axis in HNSCC and the promising therapeutic strategies that are currently under development for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Johnson
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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47
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Zubair H, Khan HY, Ullah MF, Ahmad A, Wu D, Hadi SM. Apogossypolone, derivative of gossypol, mobilizes endogenous copper in human peripheral lymphocytes leading to oxidative DNA breakage. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 47:280-6. [PMID: 22554693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Gossypol is a polyphenolic aldehyde that is produced in the cotton plant. Since long it has been reported to possess antiproliferative activity against a variety of cancer cell lines as well as tumor regression in animal models. However, the toxicity of gossypol does not permit it to be an effective antitumor agent. One of the derivatives of gossypol to show promising results is apogossypolone. For example, it has been shown to specifically target tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft in nude mice without causing any damage to normal tissue. Using human peripheral lymphocytes, in this paper we show that both gossypol and its semi-synthetic derivative apogossypolone cause oxidative DNA breakage in these cells through the mobilization of endogenous copper ions. Such cellular DNA breakage is inhibited by copper specific chelator but nor by iron or zinc chelating agents. Similar results are obtained with isolated nuclei indicating that chromatin bound copper is mobilized in this reaction. Further, apogossypolone showed enhanced DNA breakage and increased oxidative stress in whole lymphocytes as compared with gossypol indicating that this is possibly the result of greater permeability of apogossypolone. It is well established that tissue, cellular and serum copper levels are considerably elevated in various malignancies. Therefore, cancer cells may be subject to greater electron transfer between copper ions and gossypol/apogossypolone to generate reactive oxygen species responsible for DNA cleavage. This may account for the preferential cytotoxicity of apogossypolone towards tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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48
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Bajwa N, Liao C, Nikolovska-Coleska Z. Inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 22:37-55. [PMID: 22195752 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.644274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins is central to the regulation of apoptosis, which is vital for proper tissue development and cellular homeostasis. Anti-apoptotic proteins, members of the Bcl-2 family, are an important survival factor for many cancers and their overexpression has been associated with tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to current anticancer therapies. Therefore, strategies seeking to antagonize the function of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic proteins have been extensively studied for developing a novel cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED This review covers research and patent literature of the last 15 years dealing with the discovery and development of inhibitors of the Bcl-2 protein family. EXPERT OPINION The feasibility of disrupting protein-protein interactions between anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic proteins, members of the Bcl-2 family, using peptidomimetics and small-molecule inhibitors has been successfully established. Three small-molecule inhibitors have entered human clinical trials, which will allow the evaluation of this potential therapeutic approach in cancer patients. It will be important to gain a better understanding of pan and selective Bcl-2 inhibitors in order to facilitate future drug design efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naval Bajwa
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Pathology, 4510E MSRB I, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Imai A, Zeitlin BD, Visioli F, Dong Z, Zhang Z, Krishnamurthy S, Light E, Worden F, Wang S, Nör JE. Metronomic dosing of BH3 mimetic small molecule yields robust antiangiogenic and antitumor effects. Cancer Res 2011; 72:716-25. [PMID: 22158856 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2 is an antiapoptotic protein that has also been found to function as a proangiogenic signaling molecule. Improvements in antiangiogenic therapy can be engendered by metronomic dosing. Thus, we hypothesized that BH3-mimetic drugs that antagonize Bcl-2 family proteins may exert a greater efficacy when dosed metronomically. To examine this hypothesis, we employed AT101, an orally available and well-tolerated BH3-mimetic drug that has been established as effective. In a mouse xenograft model of human squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) that includes a humanized vasculature, we explored the effects of docetaxel in combination with either daily (metronomic) or weekly (bolus) doses of AT101. In addition, we explored the effect of single or combination therapy on angiogenesis and survival of endothelial or SCC cells in vitro. Metronomic AT101 therapy increased mouse survival, decreased tumor mitotic index, and decreased tumor microvessel density, compared with bolus therapy. Therapeutic potentiation was achieved by similar overall drug exposure and without altering systemic toxicities. Combinations of AT101 and docetaxel produced additive toxicity in both endothelial and SCC tumor cells. Notably, subapoptotic concentrations of AT101 potently inhibited the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells. Taken together, our findings unveil the efficacious benefits that can be achieved by metronomic delivery of BH3-mimetic drugs, in particular suggesting that SCC patients with might benefit from low-dose continuous administration of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Imai
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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50
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Lang JY, Hsu JL, Meric-Bernstam F, Chang CJ, Wang Q, Bao Y, Yamaguchi H, Xie X, Woodward WA, Yu D, Hortobagyi GN, Hung MC. BikDD eliminates breast cancer initiating cells and synergizes with lapatinib for breast cancer treatment. Cancer Cell 2011; 20:341-56. [PMID: 21907925 PMCID: PMC3172580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer initiating cells (BCICs), which can fully recapitulate the tumor origin and are often resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy, are currently considered as a major obstacle for breast cancer treatment. Here, we show that BIKDD, a constitutively active mutant form of proapoptotic gene, BIK, effectively induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells and synergizes with lapatinib. Most importantly, BikDD significantly reduces BCICs through co-antagonism of its binding partners Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy targeting BCICs. Furthermore, we developed a cancer-specific targeting approach for breast cancer that selectively expresses BikDD in breast cancer cells including BCICs, and demonstrated its potent antitumor activity and synergism with lapatinib in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yu Lang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jennifer L. Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402
- Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Chun-Ju Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Wendy A. Woodward
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402
- Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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