1
|
Lin C, Sniezek C, Giglio RM, Karki R, McGann C, Garcia BA, McFaline-Figeroa JL, Schweppe DK. Lineage-specific proteome remodeling of diverse lung cancer cells by targeted epigenetic inhibitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.23.592075. [PMID: 38853901 PMCID: PMC11160595 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.592075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic inhibitors exhibit powerful antiproliferative and anticancer activities. However, cellular responses to small-molecule epigenetic inhibition are heterogenous and dependent on factors such as the genetic background, metabolic state, and on-/off-target engagement of individual small-molecule drugs. To determine the mechanisms that drive these heterogeneous cellular responses, we quantified chromatin, proteome, and transcriptome remodeling due to histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) -treated cells derived from diverse genetic backgrounds. We utilized high-throughput sample multiplexed proteomics and integrated intelligent data acquisition methods to map proteomes of cancer cell lines in response to HDACi. We determined cell type-specific and ubiquitous cellular responses based on the quantification of 10,621 total proteins. We then established how coordinated remodeling of the proteome, transcriptome and chromatin state of HDACi treated cancer cells revealed convergent (JUN, MAP2K3, CDKN1A) and divergent (CCND3, ASF1B, BRD7) molecular phenotypes. HDACi-regulated proteins differ greatly across cell lines owing to heterogeneous molecular states of these cell lines. Finally, we demonstrated that HDACi treatment drove a highly cell-type specific response that may in part be explained by cell line-specific off-target drug engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuwei Lin
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | | | | | - Rashmi Karki
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Munteanu R, Tomuleasa C, Iuga CA, Gulei D, Ciuleanu TE. Exploring Therapeutic Avenues in Lung Cancer: The Epigenetic Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5394. [PMID: 38001653 PMCID: PMC10670535 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, primarily non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), is distinguished by its high prevalence and marked mortality rates. Traditional therapeutic approaches, encompassing chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, frequently show limited efficacy due to acquired resistance and notable side effects. The objective of this review is to introduce a fresh perspective on the therapeutic strategies for lung cancer, emphasizing interventions targeting the epigenetic alterations often seen in this malignancy. This review presents the most recent advancements in the field, focusing on both past and current clinical trials related to the modulation of methylation patterns using diverse molecular agents. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the challenges and advantages of these methylation-modifying drugs will be provided, assessing their efficacy as individual treatments and their potential for synergy when integrated with prevailing therapeutic regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Munteanu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (C.T.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (C.T.)
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina-Adela Iuga
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine–MEDFUTURE, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Tudor Eliade Ciuleanu
- Department of Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Oncology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leng D, Yang Z, Sun H, Song C, Huang C, Ip KU, Chen G, Deng CX, Zhang XD, Zhao Q. Comprehensive Analysis of Tumor Microenvironment Reveals Prognostic ceRNA Network Related to Immune Infiltration in Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3986-4001. [PMID: 37527025 PMCID: PMC10543973 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcoma is the second most common solid tumor type in children and adolescents. The high level of tumor heterogeneity as well as aggressive behavior of sarcomas brings serious difficulties to developing effective therapeutic strategies for clinical application. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify accurate biomarkers for early detection and prognostic prediction of sarcomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this study, we characterized three subtypes of sarcomas based on tumor immune infiltration levels (TIIL), and constructed a prognosis-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to investigate molecular regulations in the sarcoma tumor microenvironment (TME). We further built a subnetwork consisting of mRNAs and lncRNAs that are targets of key miRNAs and strongly correlated with each other in the ceRNA network. After validation using public data and experiments in vivo and in vitro, we deeply dug the biological role of the miRNAs and lncRNAs in a subnetwork and their impact on TME. RESULTS Altogether, 5 miRNAs (hsa-mir-125b-2, hsa-mir-135a-1, hsa-mir92a-2, hsa-mir-181a-2, and hsa-mir-214), 3 lncRNAs (LINC00641, LINC01146, and LINC00892), and 10 mRNAs (AGO2, CXCL10, CD86, CASP1, IKZF1, CD27, CD247, CD69, CCR2, and CSF2RB) in the subnetwork were identified as vital regulators to shape the TME. On the basis of the systematic network, we identified that trichostatin A, a pan-HDAC inhibitor, could potentially regulate the TME of sarcoma, thereby inhibiting the tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies a ceRNA network as a promising biomarker for sarcoma. This system provides a more comprehensive understanding and a novel perspective of how ceRNAs are involved in shaping sarcoma TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Leng
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ziyi Yang
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Heng Sun
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chengcheng Song
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
- Stat Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Ka U. Ip
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Guokai Chen
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Xiaohua Douglas Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Qi Zhao
- CRDA, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shanmugam G, Subramaniyam K, George M, Sarkar K. HDAC inhibition regulates oxidative stress in CD4 +Thelper cells of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-small cell lung cancer patients via mitochondrial transcription factor a (mtTFA) modulating NF-κB/HIF1α axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110661. [PMID: 37473712 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a crucial role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by remodelling chromatin. Isoenzymes of the HDAC family exhibit aberrant regulation in a wide variety of cancers as well as several inflammatory lung disorders like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inhibition of HDACs is a potential therapeutic strategy that could be used to reverse epigenetic modification. Trichostatin A (TSA), a powerful histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, has anti-cancer effects in numerous cancer types. However, it is not yet apparent how HDAC inhibitors affect human non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) and COPD. This study aims to investigate TSA's role in restoring mitochondrial dysfunction and its effect on hypoxia and inflammation in CD4+T cells obtained from patients with COPD and lung cancer. As a result of treatment with TSA, there is a reduction in the expression of inflammatory cytokines and a decreased enrichment of transcriptional factors associated with inflammation at VEGFA gene loci. We have seen a substantial decrease in the expression of NF-κB and HIF1α, which are the critical mediators of inflammation and hypoxia, respectively. Following TSA treatment, mtTFA expression was increased, facilitating patients with COPD and NSCLC in the recovery of their dysfunctional mitochondria. Furthermore, we have discovered that TSA treatment in patients with COPD and NSCLC may lead to immunoprotective ness by inducing Th1ness. Our finding gives a new insight into the existing body of knowledge regarding TSA-based therapeutic methods and highlights the necessity of epigenetic therapy for these devastating lung disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Krishnaveni Subramaniyam
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Melvin George
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kong SH, Ma L, Yuan Q, Liu X, Han Y, Xiang W, Liu DX, Zhang Y, Lu J. Inhibition of EZH2 alleviates SAHA-induced senescence-associated secretion phenotype in small cell lung cancer cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:289. [PMID: 37543653 PMCID: PMC10404275 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has been widely used in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment in the past decades. However, SCLC is easy to recur after chemotherapy. The senescence of cancer cells during chemotherapy is one of the effective therapeutic strategies to inhibit the progression of cancer. Nevertheless, the senescence-associated secretion phenotype (SASP) promotes chronic inflammation of the cancer microenvironment and further accelerates the progression of tumors. Therefore, inducing the senescence of cancer cells and inhibiting the production of SASP factors during anticancer treatment have become effective therapeutic strategies to improve the anticancer effect of drugs. Here we reported that SCLC cells treated with an FDA-approved HDAC inhibitor SAHA underwent senescence and displayed remarkable SASP. In particular, SAHA promoted the formation of cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCFs) in SCLC cells. The increased CCFs in SAHA-treated SCLC cells were related to nuclear porin Tpr, which activated the cGAS-STING pathway, and promoted the secretion of SASP in cancer cells. Inhibition of EZH2 suppressed the increase of CCFs in SAHA-treated SCLC cells, weakened the production of SASP, and increased the antiproliferative effect of SAHA. Overall, our work affords new insight into the secretion of SASP in SCLC and establishes a foundation for constructing a new therapeutic strategy for SCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hyok Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- School of Life Science, University of Science, Pyongyang, 999091, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Lie Ma
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qingxia Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xiangxiang Liu
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Weifang Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Otegui N, Houry M, Arozarena I, Serrano D, Redin E, Exposito F, Leon S, Valencia K, Montuenga L, Calvo A. Cancer Cell-Intrinsic Alterations Associated with an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3076. [PMID: 37370686 PMCID: PMC10295869 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the great clinical success of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients, only a small percentage of them (<40%) will benefit from this therapy alone or combined with other strategies. Cancer cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms have been associated with a lack of response to immunotherapy. The present study is focused on cancer cell-intrinsic genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and metabolic alterations that reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME) and determine response or refractoriness to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Mutations in KRAS, SKT11(LKB1), KEAP1 and TP53 and co-mutations of these genes are the main determinants of ICI response in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Recent insights into metabolic changes in cancer cells that impose restrictions on cytotoxic T cells and the efficacy of ICIs indicate that targeting such metabolic restrictions may favor therapeutic responses. Other emerging pathways for therapeutic interventions include epigenetic modulators and DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways, especially in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Therefore, the many potential pathways for enhancing the effect of ICIs suggest that, in a few years, we will have much more personalized medicine for lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. Such strategies could include vaccines and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Otegui
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maeva Houry
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Imanol Arozarena
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diego Serrano
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Redin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Francisco Exposito
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sergio Leon
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karmele Valencia
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Montuenga
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- CCUN Cancer Center and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.O.); (M.H.); (D.S.); (S.L.); (K.V.); (L.M.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Klieser E, Neumayer B, Di Fazio P, Mayr C, Neureiter D, Kiesslich T. HDACs as an emerging target in endocrine tumors: a comprehensive review. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:143-154. [PMID: 36872882 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2183840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathogenic role of deregulated histone (de-)acetylation by histone deacetyles (HDACs) has been demonstrated in several human cancers. While some HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been approved for individual entities, for endocrine tumors such translation into clinical practice has not yet been achieved. AREAS COVERED Relevant results identified by structured searches in PubMed as well as in reference lists are summarized in a narrative review to discuss the current knowledge of HDAC involvement and their therapeutic relevance in endocrine tumors. For thyroid, neuroendocrine, and adrenal tumors, various oncogenic mechanisms of HDAC deregulation and effects of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been identified in preclinical studies including direct cancer cell toxicity and modification of differentiation status. EXPERT OPINION Based on positive pre-clinical results, the research on HDAC (inhibition) in the various endocrine tumors should be intensified - yet, it needs to be considered that i) HDACs' oncogenic actions might constitute only a part of epigenetic mechanisms driving cancer, ii) individual HDAC has different roles in different endocrine tumor entities, iii) inhibition of HDACs might be especially attractive in combination with conventional or other targeted therapies, and iv) new HDAC-inhibiting drugs with improved specificity or functionally modified HDACi might further improve their efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eckhard Klieser
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bettina Neumayer
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Pietro Di Fazio
- Department of Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Mayr
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A Comprehensive Analysis of the Effects of Key Mitophagy Genes on the Progression and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010057. [PMID: 36612054 PMCID: PMC9817891 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to perform a comprehensive analysis of the gene expression, copy number variation (CNV) and mutation of key mitophagy genes in the progression and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We obtained the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Clustering analysis was performed to stratify the mitophagy related groups. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) based cox model was used to select hub survival genes. An independent validation cohort was retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus database. We found 24 out of 27 mitophagy genes were aberrantly expressed between tumor and normal samples. CNV gains were associated with higher expression of mitophagy genes in 23 of 27 mitophagy genes. The clustering analysis identified high and low risk mitophagy groups with distinct survival differences. The high risk mitophagy groups had higher tumor mutation burden, stemness phenotype, total CNVs and lower CD4+ T cells infiltration. Drugs targeted to high risk mitophagy groups were identified including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor, HDAC inhibitor and chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin and gemcitabine. In addition, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between mitophagy groups. Further univariate Cox analysis of each DEG and subsequent LASSO-based Cox model revealed a mitophagy-related prognostic signature. The risk score model of this signature showed a strong ability to predict the overall survival of LUAD patients in training and validation datasets. In conclusion, the mitophagy genes played an important role in the progression and prognosis of LUAD, which might provide useful information for the treatment of LUAD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bouyahya A, El Omari N, Bakha M, Aanniz T, El Menyiy N, El Hachlafi N, El Baaboua A, El-Shazly M, Alshahrani MM, Al Awadh AA, Lee LH, Benali T, Mubarak MS. Pharmacological Properties of Trichostatin A, Focusing on the Anticancer Potential: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101235. [PMID: 36297347 PMCID: PMC9612318 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA), a natural derivative of dienohydroxamic acid derived from a fungal metabolite, exhibits various biological activities. It exerts antidiabetic activity and reverses high glucose levels caused by the downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in Schwann cells, anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of various cytokines, and significant antioxidant activity by suppressing oxidative stress through multiple mechanisms. Most importantly, TSA exhibits potent inhibitory activity against different types of cancer through different pathways. The anticancer activity of TSA appeared in many in vitro and in vivo investigations that involved various cell lines and animal models. Indeed, TSA exhibits anticancer properties alone or in combination with other drugs used in chemotherapy. It induces sensitivity of some human cancers toward chemotherapeutical drugs. TSA also exhibits its action on epigenetic modulators involved in cell transformation, and therefore it is considered an epidrug candidate for cancer therapy. Accordingly, this work presents a comprehensive review of the most recent developments in utilizing this natural compound for the prevention, management, and treatment of various diseases, including cancer, along with the multiple mechanisms of action. In addition, this review summarizes the most recent and relevant literature that deals with the use of TSA as a therapeutic agent against various diseases, emphasizing its anticancer potential and the anticancer molecular mechanisms. Moreover, TSA has not been involved in toxicological effects on normal cells. Furthermore, this work highlights the potential utilization of TSA as a complementary or alternative medicine for preventing and treating cancer, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.-H.L.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bakha
- Unit of Plant Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources “B2DRN”, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni Mellal, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Mghila, P.O. Box 592, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Tarik Aanniz
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Rabat Medical & Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat B.P. 6203, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.-H.L.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Bouzid B.P. 4162, Morocco
| | - Mohammad S. Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amma 11942, Jordan
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.-H.L.); (M.S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shanmugam G, Rakshit S, Sarkar K. HDAC inhibitors: Targets for tumor therapy, immune modulation and lung diseases. Transl Oncol 2022; 16:101312. [PMID: 34922087 PMCID: PMC8688863 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that play a key role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by remodeling chromatin. Inhibition of HDACs is a prospective therapeutic approach for reversing epigenetic alteration in several diseases. In preclinical research, numerous types of HDAC inhibitors were discovered to exhibit powerful and selective anticancer properties. However, such research has revealed that the effects of HDAC inhibitors may be far broader and more intricate than previously thought. This review will provide insight into the HDAC inhibitors and their mechanism of action with special emphasis on the significance of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and lung cancer. Nanocarrier-mediated HDAC inhibitor delivery and new approaches for targeting HDACs are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Sudeshna Rakshit
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jha G, Azhar S, Rashid U, Khalaf H, Alhalabi N, Ravindran D, Ahmad R. Epigenetics: The Key to Future Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Lung Cancer. Cureus 2021; 13:e19770. [PMID: 34820248 PMCID: PMC8606102 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is still the major cause of cancer-related mortality around the globe. The interplay of permanent genetic and dynamic epigenetic changes leads to the onset and progression of lung cancer. The diagnosis is often made at an advanced stage when the prognosis is dismal and therapy choices are restricted. Epigenetic association with lung cancer has long been studied but with fewer success rates. Research is still progressing, and with an advanced understanding of human genomics, more and more information is being unveiled. In the last decade, epigenetics and particularly research on DNA methylation and histone modification have provided vital information to understand lung cancer pathogenesis better. As a result, stage-specific epigenetic modifications can be employed as strong and reliable tools for early lung cancer detection and patient prognosis monitoring. The information on epigenetic biomarkers for lung cancer is summarised in this review, which focuses on DNA methylation and histone modification, as well as its implications for early detection, diagnosis, prognostication, and treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Jha
- Neurology/Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Sabeen Azhar
- Acute Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Usman Rashid
- Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Hasan Khalaf
- General Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whipps Cross Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Noor Alhalabi
- Neurology/Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Deepthi Ravindran
- Acute Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, King George Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Rawaha Ahmad
- Neurology/Stroke Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Hospital, London, GBR
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bajbouj K, Al-Ali A, Ramakrishnan RK, Saber-Ayad M, Hamid Q. Histone Modification in NSCLC: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111701. [PMID: 34769131 PMCID: PMC8584007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in both genders, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for about 85% of all lung cancers. At the time of diagnosis, the tumour is usually locally advanced or metastatic, shaping a poor disease outcome. NSCLC includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell lung carcinoma. Searching for novel therapeutic targets is mandated due to the modest effect of platinum-based therapy as well as the targeted therapies developed in the last decade. The latter is mainly due to the lack of mutation detection in around half of all NSCLC cases. New therapeutic modalities are also required to enhance the effect of immunotherapy in NSCLC. Identifying the molecular signature of NSCLC subtypes, including genetics and epigenetic variation, is crucial for selecting the appropriate therapy or combination of therapies. Epigenetic dysregulation has a key role in the tumourigenicity, tumour heterogeneity, and tumour resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapy. Epigenomic modulation is a potential therapeutic strategy in NSCLC that was suggested a long time ago and recently starting to attract further attention. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the most frequently studied patterns of epigenetic modification. Several histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDIs), such as vorinostat and panobinostat, have shown promise in preclinical and clinical investigations on NSCLC. However, further research on HDIs in NSCLC is needed to assess their anti-tumour impact. Another modification, histone methylation, is one of the most well recognized patterns of histone modification. It can either promote or inhibit transcription at different gene loci, thus playing a rather complex role in lung cancer. Some histone methylation modifiers have demonstrated altered activities, suggesting their oncogenic or tumour-suppressive roles. In this review, patterns of histone modifications in NSCLC will be discussed, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of epigenetic modifications in tumour progression and metastasis, as well as in developing drug resistance. Then, we will explore the therapeutic targets emerging from studying the NSCLC epigenome, referring to the completed and ongoing clinical trials on those medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khuloud Bajbouj
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (K.B.); (R.K.R.); (Q.H.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Abeer Al-Ali
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Rakhee K. Ramakrishnan
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (K.B.); (R.K.R.); (Q.H.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (K.B.); (R.K.R.); (Q.H.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11559, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-6-505-7219; Fax: +971-5-558-5879
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (K.B.); (R.K.R.); (Q.H.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
El-Awady R, Saleh E, Hamoudi R, Ramadan WS, Mazitschek R, Nael MA, Elokely KM, Abou-Gharbia M, Childers WE, Srinivasulu V, Aloum L, Menon V, Al-Tel TH. Discovery of novel class of histone deacetylase inhibitors as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 42:116251. [PMID: 34116381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is an important strategy in the field of anticancer drug discovery. However, lack of inhibitors that possess high selectivity toward certain HDACs isozymes is associated with adverse side effects that limits their clinical applications. We have initiated a collaborative initiatives between multi-institutions aimed at the discovery of novel and selective HDACs inhibitors. To this end, a phenotypic screening of an in-house pilot library of about 70 small molecules against various HDAC isozymes led to the discovery of five compounds that displayed varying degrees of HDAC isozyme selectivity. The anticancer activities of these molecules were validated using various biological assays including transcriptomic studies. Compounds 15, 14, and 19 possessed selective inhibitory activity against HDAC5, while 28 displayed selective inhibition of HDAC1 and HDAC2. Compound 22 was found to be a selective inhibitor for HDAC3 and HDAC9. Importantly, we discovered a none-hydroxamate based HDAC inhibitor, compound 28, representing a distinct chemical probe of HDAC inhibitors. It contains a trifluoromethyloxadiazolyl moiety (TFMO) as a non-chelating metal-binding group. The new compounds showed potent anti-proliferative activity when tested against MCF7 breast cancer cell line, as well as increased acetylation of histones and induce cells apoptosis. The new compounds apoptotic effects were validated through the upregulation of proapoptotic proteins caspases3 and 7 and downregulation of the antiapoptotic biomarkers C-MYC, BCL2, BCL3 and NFĸB genes. Furthermore, the new compounds arrested cell cycle at different phases, which was confirmed through downregulation of the CDK1, 2, 4, 6, E2F1 and RB1 proteins. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation for the development of new chemical probes as potential lead drug candidates for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United states
| | - Manal A Nael
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Institute for Computational Molecular Science, and Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Khaled M Elokely
- Institute for Computational Molecular Science, and Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Magid Abou-Gharbia
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Phialadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Wayne E Childers
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Phialadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lujain Aloum
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Varsha Menon
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Taleb H Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
In Vivo Evaluation of the Combined Anticancer Effects of Cisplatin and SAHA in Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma Using [ 18F]FAHA and [ 18F]FDG PET/CT Imaging. Mol Imaging 2021; 2021:6660358. [PMID: 33867871 PMCID: PMC8032518 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6660358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining standard drugs with low doses of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) is a promising strategy to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. The ability of well-tolerated doses of HDACIs that act as chemosensitizers for platinum-based chemotherapeutics has recently been proven in many types and stages of cancer in vitro and in vivo. Detection of changes in HDAC activity/expression may provide important prognostic and predictive information and influence treatment decision-making. Use of [18F] FAHA, a HDAC IIa-specific radionuclide, for molecular imaging may enable longitudinal, noninvasive assessment of HDAC activity/expression in metastatic cancer. We evaluated the synergistic anticancer effects of cisplatin and the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) in xenograft models of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using [18F] FAHA and [18F] FDG PET/CT imaging. Cisplatin alone significantly increased [18F] FAHA accumulation and reduced [18F] FDG accumulation in H441 and PC14 xenografts; coadministration of cisplatin and SAHA resulted in the opposite effects. Immunochemical staining for acetyl-histone H3 confirmed the PET/CT imaging findings. Moreover, SAHA had a more significant effect on the acetylome in PC14 (EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation) xenografts than H441 (wild-type EGFR and KRAS codon 12 mutant) xenografts. In conclusion, [18F] FAHA enables quantitative visualization of HDAC activity/expression in vivo, thus, may represent a clinically useful, noninvasive tool for the management of patients who may benefit from synergistic anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Quantitative Proteomic Approach Reveals Altered Metabolic Pathways in Response to the Inhibition of Lysine Deacetylases in A549 Cells under Normoxia and Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073378. [PMID: 33806075 PMCID: PMC8036653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence is showing that acetylation plays an essential role in cancer, but studies on the impact of KDAC inhibition (KDACi) on the metabolic profile are still in their infancy. Here, we analyzed, by using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach, the changes in the proteome of KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells in response to trichostatin-A (TSA) and nicotinamide (NAM) under normoxia and hypoxia. Part of this response was further validated by molecular and biochemical analyses and correlated with the proliferation rates, apoptotic cell death, and activation of ROS scavenging mechanisms in opposition to the ROS production. Despite the differences among the KDAC inhibitors, up-regulation of glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid synthesis emerged as a common metabolic response underlying KDACi. We also observed that some of the KDACi effects at metabolic levels are enhanced under hypoxia. Furthermore, we used a drug repositioning machine learning approach to list candidate metabolic therapeutic agents for KRAS mutated NSCLC. Together, these results allow us to better understand the metabolic regulations underlying KDACi in NSCLC, taking into account the microenvironment of tumors related to hypoxia, and bring new insights for the future rational design of new therapies.
Collapse
|
16
|
Mamdani H, Jalal SI. Histone Deacetylase Inhibition in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Hype or Hope? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:582370. [PMID: 33163495 PMCID: PMC7581936 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.582370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulation, including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination, plays a pivotal role in regulation of gene expression. Histone acetylation—a balance between the activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs)—is one of the key epigenetic events. Our understanding of the role of HDACs in cancer is evolving. A number of HDAC isoenzymes are overexpressed in a variety of malignancies. Aberrant histone acetylation is associated with dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes leading to development of several solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that HDAC-1 gene expression is associated with lung cancer progression. Histone hypoacetylation is associated with more aggressive phenotype in adenocarcinoma of the lung. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have pleiotropic cellular effects and induce the expression of pro-apoptotic genes/proteins, cause cellular differentiation and/or cell cycle arrest, inhibit angiogenesis, and inhibit transition to a mesenchymal phenotype. Consequently, treatment with HDACi has shown anti-proliferative activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Despite promising results in pre-clinical studies, HDACi have shown only modest single agent activity in lung cancer clinical trials. HDAC activation has been implicated as one of the mechanisms causing resistance to chemotherapy, molecularly targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibition. Therefore, there is a growing interest in combining HDACi with these agents to enhance their efficacy or reverse resistance. In this paper, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence for the use of HDACi in NSCLC. We also review the challenges precluding widespread clinical utility of HDACi as a cancer therapy and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirva Mamdani
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Shadia I Jalal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kulka LAM, Fangmann PV, Panfilova D, Olzscha H. Impact of HDAC Inhibitors on Protein Quality Control Systems: Consequences for Precision Medicine in Malignant Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:425. [PMID: 32582706 PMCID: PMC7291789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is one of the major posttranslational modifications (PTM) in human cells and thus needs to be tightly regulated by the writers of this process, the histone acetyl transferases (HAT), and the erasers, the histone deacetylases (HDAC). Acetylation plays a crucial role in cell signaling, cell cycle control and in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Bromodomain (BRD)-containing proteins are readers of the acetylation mark, enabling them to transduce the modification signal. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been proven to be efficient in hematologic malignancies with four of them being approved by the FDA. However, the mechanisms by which HDACi exert their cytotoxicity are only partly resolved. It is likely that HDACi alter the acetylation pattern of cytoplasmic proteins, contributing to their anti-cancer potential. Recently, it has been demonstrated that various protein quality control (PQC) systems are involved in recognizing the altered acetylation pattern upon HDACi treatment. In particular, molecular chaperones, the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are able to sense the structurally changed proteins, providing additional targets. Recent clinical studies of novel HDACi have proven that proteins of the UPS may serve as biomarkers for stratifying patient groups under HDACi regimes. In addition, members of the PQC systems have been shown to modify the epigenetic readout of HDACi treated cells and alter proteostasis in the nucleus, thus contributing to changing gene expression profiles. Bromodomain (BRD)-containing proteins seem to play a potent role in transducing the signaling process initiating apoptosis, and many clinical trials are under way to test BRD inhibitors. Finally, it has been demonstrated that HDACi treatment leads to protein misfolding and aggregation, which may explain the effect of panobinostat, the latest FDA approved HDACi, in combination with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in multiple myeloma. Therefore, proteins of these PQC systems provide valuable targets for precision medicine in cancer. In this review, we give an overview of the impact of HDACi treatment on PQC systems and their implications for malignant disease. We exemplify the development of novel HDACi and how affected proteins belonging to PQC can be used to determine molecular signatures and utilized in precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Anna Michelle Kulka
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Pia-Victoria Fangmann
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Diana Panfilova
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Heidi Olzscha
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Velazquez AI, McCoach CE. Tumor evolution in epidermal growth factor receptor mutated non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:2896-2909. [PMID: 32642202 PMCID: PMC7330358 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.08.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As the incidence of cancer increases worldwide there is an unmet need to understand cancer evolution to improve patient outcomes. Our growing knowledge of cancer cells' clonal expansion, heterogeneity, adaptation, and relationships within the tumor immune compartment and with the tumor microenvironment has made clear that cancer is a disease that benefits from heterogeneity and evolution. This review outlines recent knowledge of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pathogenesis and tumor progression from an evolutionary standpoint, focused on the role of oncogenic driver mutations as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Understanding lung cancer evolution during tumor development, growth, and under treatment pressures is crucial to improve therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caroline E McCoach
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chihara Y, Iizumi Y, Horinaka M, Watanabe M, Goi W, Morita M, Nishimoto E, Sowa Y, Yamada T, Takayama K, Sakai T. Histone deacetylase inhibitor OBP‑801 and amrubicin synergistically inhibit the growth of squamous cell lung carcinoma by inducing mitochondrial ASK1‑dependent apoptosis. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:848-856. [PMID: 32124968 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell lung carcinoma (SQCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer. In contrast with the marked advances that have been achieved in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, there are currently no effective targeted therapies for SQCLC, for with cytotoxic drugs are still the main treatment strategy. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop novel combination therapies for SQCLC. The results demonstrated that a combined treatment with the potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor OBP‑801 and the third‑generation anthracycline amrubicin synergistically inhibited the viability of SQCLC cell lines by inducing apoptosis signal‑regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)‑dependent, as well as JNK‑ and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK)‑independent apoptosis. OBP‑801 treatment strongly induced the protein expression levels of thioredoxin‑interacting protein (TXNIP), and amrubicin treatment increased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which suggested that this combination oxidized and dissociated thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) from mitochondrial ASK1 and activated ASK1. Moreover, mouse xenograft experiments using human H520 SQCLC cells revealed that the co‑treatment potently suppressed tumor growth in vivo. These results suggested that a combined treatment with OBP‑801 and amrubicin may have potential as a therapeutic strategy for SQCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Chihara
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Yosuke Iizumi
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Mano Horinaka
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Motoki Watanabe
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Wakana Goi
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Mie Morita
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Emi Nishimoto
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Yamada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- Department of Molecular‑Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sun RC, Dukhande VV, Zhou Z, Young LEA, Emanuelle S, Brainson CF, Gentry MS. Nuclear Glycogenolysis Modulates Histone Acetylation in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers. Cell Metab 2019; 30:903-916.e7. [PMID: 31523006 PMCID: PMC6834909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear glycogen was first documented in the early 1940s, but its role in cellular physiology remained elusive. In this study, we utilized pure nuclei preparations and stable isotope tracers to define the origin and metabolic fate of nuclear glycogen. Herein, we describe a key function for nuclear glycogen in epigenetic regulation through compartmentalized pyruvate production and histone acetylation. This pathway is altered in human non-small cell lung cancers, as surgical specimens accumulate glycogen in the nucleus. We demonstrate that the decreased abundance of malin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, impaired nuclear glycogenolysis by preventing the nuclear translocation of glycogen phosphorylase and causing nuclear glycogen accumulation. Re-introduction of malin in lung cancer cells restored nuclear glycogenolysis, increased histone acetylation, and decreased growth of cancer cells transplanted into mice. This study uncovers a previously unknown role for glycogen metabolism in the nucleus and elucidates another mechanism by which cellular metabolites control epigenetic regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon C Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Vikas V Dukhande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John's University, Jamaica, NY, USA
| | - Zhengqiu Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lyndsay E A Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Shane Emanuelle
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Christine Fillmore Brainson
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Matthew S Gentry
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Anti-tumor effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat on canine urothelial carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218382. [PMID: 31206526 PMCID: PMC6576781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine urothelial carcinoma (cUC) is the most common tumor of the lower urinary tract in dogs. Although chemotherapy and radical surgery have improved the overall survival, most dogs with cUC succumb to metastasis or recurrence. Therefore, the development of an effective systematic therapy is warranted. In this study, a comprehensive drug screening test using a cUC cell line was performed and the anti-tumor effect of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor was evaluated. Comprehensive drug screening was performed on cUC cells. Based on this screening, the anti-proliferation effect of vorinostat, an HDAC inhibitor clinically applied in humans, was evaluated using several cUC cell lines in sulforhodamine B and flow cytometry assays. Western blot analysis was also performed to evaluate the degree of acetylation of histone H3 as well as the expression and phosphorylation of cell cycle-related molecules. The anti-tumor effect of vorinostat in vivo was evaluated using a xenograft model. Finally, immunohistochemistry was performed on acetyl-histone H3 in cUC and the relationship between the degree of acetylation and prognosis was examined using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Drug screening revealed that HDAC inhibitors consistently inhibited the growth of cUC cells. Vorinostat inhibited the growth of 6 cUC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Western blot analysis showed that vorinostat mediated the acetylation of histone H3, the dephosphorylation of p-Rb, and the upregulation of p21 upon exposure to vorinostat. Furthermore, inhibition of tumor growth was observed in the xenograft model. In clinical cUC cases, neoplastic urothelium showed significant deacetylation of histones compared to the normal control, where lower histone acetylation levels were associated with a poor prognosis. In conclusion, the therapeutic potential of vorinostat was demonstrated in cUC. Histone deacetylation may be related to cUC tumor progression.
Collapse
|
22
|
Chuang CH, Chan ST, Chen CH, Yeh SL. Quercetin enhances the antitumor activity of trichostatin A through up-regulation of p300 protein expression in p53 null cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 306:54-61. [PMID: 30958996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the p53-independent mechanism by which quercetin (Q) increased apoptosis in human lung cancer H1299 cells exposed to trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor. We also investigated the role of Q in increasing the acetylation of histones H3 and H4 and the possible mechanism. Q at 5 μM significantly increased apoptosis by 88% in H1299 cells induced by TSA at 72 h. Q also significantly increased TSA-induced death receptor 5 (DR5) mRNA and protein expression as well as caspase-10/3 activities in H1299 cells. Transfection of DR5 siRNA into H1299 cells significantly diminished the enhancing effects of Q on TSA-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, TSA in combination with Q rather than TSA alone significantly increased p300 expression. Transfection of p300 siRNA in H1299 cells significantly diminished the increase of histone H3/H4 acetylation, DR5 protein expression, caspase-10/3 activity and apoptosis induced by Q. In addition, similar effects of Q were observed when Q was combined with vorinostat, another FDA-approved histone deacetylase inhibitor. These data suggest that the up-regulation of p300 expression, which in turn increases histone acetylation and DR5 expression, plays an important role in the enhancing effect of Q on TSA/vorinostat- induced apoptosis in H1299 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hung Chuang
- Department of Nutrition, Master Program of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, 1018, Sec. 6 Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Chan
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsiang Chen
- Ko Da Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 20-1, Gongye 3rd Rd., Taoyuan county, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Catacchio I, Scattone A, Silvestris N, Mangia A. Immune Prophets of Lung Cancer: The Prognostic and Predictive Landscape of Cellular and Molecular Immune Markers. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:825-835. [PMID: 29729581 PMCID: PMC6050352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths throughout the world. The majority of patients are diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic disease when surgery, the best curative option, is no longer feasible. Thus, the prognosis of lung cancer remains poor and heterogeneous and new biomarkers are needed. As the immune system plays a pivotal role in cancer, the study of tumor microenvironment, with regard to the immune component, may provide valuable information for a better comprehension of the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. Through a detailed and critical evaluation of the most recent publications on this topic, we provide evidences of the prognostic and predictive significance of immune markers in tumor and in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients: from the landscape of immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and natural killer) and their cytokines, to the analysis of immune-checkpoints (PD-L1 and CTLA4), up to the genetic and epigenetic regulation of the immune response (immune gene signatures and miRNA). We also argue about the lights and shadows related to immune marker use in clinical practice, emphasizing on one hand the importance of their assessment in the choice of therapeutic treatment, on the other, the difficulty in their determination and reproducibility of literature data. The following review gives a foundation and a suggestion for future studies investigating tumor immunology in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Catacchio
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Anna Scattone
- Pathology Department, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori, Bari 70124, Italy
| | | | - Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori, Bari 70124, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Suraweera A, O’Byrne KJ, Richard DJ. Combination Therapy With Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACi) for the Treatment of Cancer: Achieving the Full Therapeutic Potential of HDACi. Front Oncol 2018; 8:92. [PMID: 29651407 PMCID: PMC5884928 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic changes in DNA are involved in cancer development and tumor progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key regulators of gene expression that act as transcriptional repressors by removing acetyl groups from histones. HDACs are dysregulated in many cancers, making them a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), a novel class of small-molecular therapeutics, are now approved by the Food and Drug Administration as anticancer agents. While they have shown great promise, resistance to HDACi is often observed and furthermore, HDACi have shown limited success in treating solid tumors. The combination of HDACi with standard chemotherapeutic drugs has demonstrated promising anticancer effects in both preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we summarize the research thus far on HDACi in combination therapy, with other anticancer agents and their translation into preclinical and clinical studies. We additionally highlight the side effects associated with HDACi in cancer therapy and discuss potential biomarkers to either select or predict a patient's response to these agents, in order to limit the off-target toxicity associated with HDACi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amila Suraweera
- School of Biomedical Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth J. O’Byrne
- School of Biomedical Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Derek J. Richard
- School of Biomedical Research, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation at the Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Varbanov HP, Kuttler F, Banfi D, Turcatti G, Dyson PJ. Repositioning approved drugs for the treatment of problematic cancers using a screening approach. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171052. [PMID: 28166232 PMCID: PMC5293254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in treatment strategies together with an earlier diagnosis have considerably increased the average survival of cancer patients over the last four decades. Nevertheless, despite the growing number of new antineoplastic agents introduced each year, there is still no adequate therapy for problematic malignancies such as pancreatic, lung and stomach cancers. Consequently, it is important to ensure that existing drugs used to treat other types of cancers, and potentially other diseases, are not overlooked when searching for new chemotherapy regimens for these problematic cancer types. We describe a screening approach that identifies chemotherapeutics for the treatment of lung and pancreatic cancers, based on drugs already approved for other applications. Initially, the 1280 chemically and pharmacologically diverse compounds from the Prestwick Chemical Library® (PCL) were screened against A549 (lung cancer) and PANC-1 (pancreatic carcinoma) cells using the PrestoBlue fluorescent-based cell viability assay. More than 100 compounds from the PCL were identified as hits in one or both cell lines (80 of them, being drugs used to treat diseases other than cancer). Selected PCL hits were further evaluated in a dose-response manner. Promising candidates for repositioning emanating from this study include antiparasitics, cardiac glycosides, as well as the anticancer drugs vorinostat and topotecan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hristo P. Varbanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (HPV); (PJD)
| | - Fabien Kuttler
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damiano Banfi
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerardo Turcatti
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (HPV); (PJD)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Taguchi YH, Iwadate M, Umeyama H. SFRP1 is a possible candidate for epigenetic therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2016; 9 Suppl 1:28. [PMID: 27534621 PMCID: PMC4989892 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-016-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a lethal disease despite many proposed treatments. Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic therapy, which targets epigenetic effects, might be a new therapeutic methodology for NSCLC. However, it is not clear which objects (e.g., genes) this treatment specifically targets. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) are promising candidates for epigenetic therapy in many cancers, but there have been no reports of SFRPs targeted by epigenetic therapy for NSCLC. Methods This study performed a meta-analysis of reprogrammed NSCLC cell lines instead of the direct examination of epigenetic therapy treatment to identify epigenetic therapy targets. In addition, mRNA expression/promoter methylation profiles were processed by recently proposed principal component analysis based unsupervised feature extraction and categorical regression analysis based feature extraction. Results The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway was extensively enriched among 32 genes identified by feature extraction. Among the genes identified, SFRP1 was specifically indicated to target β-catenin, and thus might be targeted by epigenetic therapy in NSCLC cell lines. A histone deacetylase inhibitor might reactivate SFRP1 based upon the re-analysis of a public domain data set. Numerical computation validated the binding of SFRP1 to WNT1 to suppress Wnt signalling pathway activation in NSCLC. Conclusions The meta-analysis of reprogrammed NSCLC cell lines identified SFRP1 as a promising target of epigenetic therapy for NSCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-016-0196-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Iwadate
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Umeyama
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Di Paolo A, Del Re M, Petrini I, Altavilla G, Danesi R. Recent advances in epigenomics in NSCLC: real-time detection and therapeutic implications. Epigenomics 2016; 8:1151-67. [PMID: 27479016 DOI: 10.2217/epi.16.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NSCLC is an aggressive disease with one of the poorer prognosis among cancers. The disappointing response to chemotherapy drives the search for genetic biomarkers aimed at both attaining an earlier diagnosis and choosing the most appropriate chemotherapy. In this scenario, epigenomic markers, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and the expression of noncoding RNAs, have been demonstrated to be reliable for the stratification of NSCLC patients. Newest techniques with increased sensitivity and the isolation of nucleic acids from plasma may allow an early diagnosis and then monitoring the efficacy over time. However, prospective confirmatory studies are still lacking. This article presents an overview of the epigenetic markers evaluated in NSCLC and discusses the role of their real-time detection in the clinical management of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Di Paolo
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Iacopo Petrini
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Altavilla
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Takashina T, Kinoshita I, Kikuchi J, Shimizu Y, Sakakibara-Konishi J, Oizumi S, Nishimura M, Dosaka-Akita H. Combined inhibition of EZH2 and histone deacetylases as a potential epigenetic therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:955-62. [PMID: 27116120 PMCID: PMC4946723 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries have revealed that human cancer involves aberrant epigenetic alterations. We and others have previously shown that the histone methyltransferase EZH2, the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is frequently overexpressed in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and that an EZH2 inhibitor, 3‐deazaneplanocin A, inhibits the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Transcriptional silencing by EZH2 was recently shown to be required for the activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that interact with another PRC2 protein, EED. To develop a more effective epigenetic therapy for NSCLC, we determined the effects of co‐treatment with 3‐deazaneplanocin A and the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat (SAHA) in NSCLC cells. The co‐treatment synergistically suppressed the proliferation of all tested NSCLC cell lines, regardless of their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status. The synergistic effect was associated with slightly decreased histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, modestly increased histone acetylation, and the depletion of EZH2 and other PRC2 proteins. The co‐treatment resulted in an accumulation of p27Kip1, decrease in cyclin A, and increased apoptotic fraction in an additive/synergistic manner. Interestingly, the co‐treatment strongly suppressed EGFR signaling, not only in EGFR‐wild‐type NSCLC cells, but also in EGFR‐mutant cells, mainly through dephosphorylation of EGFR. Furthermore, the co‐treatment suppressed the in vivo tumor growth of EGFR‐mutant, EGFR–tyrosine kinase‐resistant H1975 cells more effectively than did each agent alone, without visible toxicity. These results suggest that the combined pharmacological targeting of EZH2 and HDACs may provide more effective epigenetic therapeutics for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Takashina
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kinoshita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junko Kikuchi
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimizu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Oizumi
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nishimura
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Dosaka-Akita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ansari J, Shackelford RE, El-Osta H. Epigenetics in non-small cell lung cancer: from basics to therapeutics. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2016; 5:155-71. [PMID: 27186511 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2016.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the number one cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with 221,200 estimated new cases and 158,040 estimated deaths in 2015. Approximately 80% of cases are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The diagnosis is usually made at an advanced stage where the prognosis is poor and therapeutic options are limited. The evolution of lung cancer is a multistep process involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factor interactions that result in the dysregulation of key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, culminating in activation of cancer-related signaling pathways. The past decade has witnessed the discovery of multiple molecular aberrations that drive lung cancer growth, among which are epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and translocations involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. This has translated into therapeutic agent developments that target these molecular alterations. The absence of targetable mutations in 50% of NSCLC cases and targeted therapy resistance development underscores the importance for developing alternative therapeutic strategies for treating lung cancer. Among these strategies, pharmacologic modulation of the epigenome has been used to treat lung cancer. Epigenetics approaches may circumvent the problem of tumor heterogeneity by affecting the expression of multiple tumor suppression genes (TSGs), halting tumor growth and survival. Moreover, it may be effective for tumors that are not driven by currently recognized druggable mutations. This review summarizes the molecular pathology of lung cancer epigenetic aberrations and discusses current efforts to target the epigenome with different pharmacological approaches. Our main focus will be on hypomethylating agents, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, microRNA modulations, and the role of novel epigenetic biomarkers. Last, we will address the challenges that face this old-new strategy in treating lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ansari
- 1 Department of Medicine, Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health, Shreveport, LA, USA ; 2 Department of Pathology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- 1 Department of Medicine, Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health, Shreveport, LA, USA ; 2 Department of Pathology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Hazem El-Osta
- 1 Department of Medicine, Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health, Shreveport, LA, USA ; 2 Department of Pathology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu TC, Lin YC, Chen HL, Huang PR, Liu SY, Yeh SL. The enhancing effect of genistein on apoptosis induced by trichostatin A in lung cancer cells with wild type p53 genes is associated with upregulation of histone acetyltransferase. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 292:94-102. [PMID: 26768552 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Genistein has been shown to enhance the antitumor activity of trichostatin A (TSA) in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. However, whether the combined treatment exerts the same effect in other lung cancer cells is unclear. In the present study we first compared the enhancing effect of genistein on the antitumor effect of TSA in ABC-1, NCI-H460 (H460) and A549 cells. Second, we investigated whether the effects of genistein are associated with increased histone/non-histone protein acetylation. We found that the enhancing effect of genistein on cell-growth-arrest in ABC-1 cells (p53 mutant) was less than in A549 and H460 cells. Genistein enhanced TSA induced apoptosis in A549 and H460 cells rather than in ABC-1 cells. After silencing p53 expression in A549 and H460 cells, the enhancing effect of genistein was diminished. In addition, genistein increased TSA-induced histone H3/H4 acetylation in A549 and H460 cells. Genistein also increased p53 acetylation in H460 cells. The inhibitor of acetyltransferase, anacardic acid, diminished the enhancing effect of genistein on all TSA-induced histone/p53 acetylation and apoptosis. Genistein in combination with TSA increased the expression of p300 protein, an acetyltransferase, in A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that genistein also enhanced the antitumor effect of genistein in A549-tumor-bearing mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the enhancing effects of genistein on TSA-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells were p53-dependent and were associated with histone/non-histone protein acetylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chin Wu
- Chest Clinic, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Lin
- Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Huang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yu Liu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma remain a population with unmet medical needs. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) represent a novel class of anticancer drugs currently in development in several malignancies. Inhibition of HDACs leads to acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins, which in turn results in epigenetic modification of gene expression that leads to a plethora of effects, such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Romidepsin is a novel HDACI that has demonstrated preclinical and clinical activity. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the different HDACs and epigenetic regulation with a particular focus on the preclinical and clinical development of romidepsin in lymphoma. The review of romidepsin includes: the mechanism of action, its synergistic interaction with novel agents, pivotal clinical trials that lead to its US FDA approval in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma as well as active combinations currently in clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Romidepsin is a potent HDACI with clinical activity in T-cell lymphoma where novel agents and combinations are desperately needed. A deeper understanding of the molecular characteristics of this class of agents will allow the design of more potent drugs with improved toxicity profiles and future rational combinations that will expand the indication and benefit from these novel agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Y Yazbeck
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center , Richmond, VA , USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fillmore CM, Xu C, Desai PT, Berry JM, Rowbotham SP, Lin YJ, Zhang H, Marquez VE, Hammerman PS, Wong KK, Kim CF. EZH2 inhibition sensitizes BRG1 and EGFR mutant lung tumours to TopoII inhibitors. Nature 2015; 520:239-42. [PMID: 25629630 PMCID: PMC4393352 DOI: 10.1038/nature14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Chemotherapies such as the topoisomerase II (TopoII) inhibitor etoposide effectively reduce disease in a minority of patients with this cancer; therefore, alternative drug targets, including epigenetic enzymes, are under consideration for therapeutic intervention. A promising potential epigenetic target is the methyltransferase EZH2, which in the context of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is well known to tri-methylate histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and elicit gene silencing. Here we demonstrate that EZH2 inhibition has differential effects on the TopoII inhibitor response of non-small-cell lung cancers in vitro and in vivo. EGFR and BRG1 mutations are genetic biomarkers that predict enhanced sensitivity to TopoII inhibitor in response to EZH2 inhibition. BRG1 loss-of-function mutant tumours respond to EZH2 inhibition with increased S phase, anaphase bridging, apoptosis and TopoII inhibitor sensitivity. Conversely, EGFR and BRG1 wild-type tumours upregulate BRG1 in response to EZH2 inhibition and ultimately become more resistant to TopoII inhibitor. EGFR gain-of-function mutant tumours are also sensitive to dual EZH2 inhibition and TopoII inhibitor, because of genetic antagonism between EGFR and BRG1. These findings suggest an opportunity for precision medicine in the genetically complex disease of non-small-cell lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Fillmore
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Chunxiao Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Pooja T. Desai
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Joanne M. Berry
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Samuel P. Rowbotham
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Yi-Jang Lin
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Haikuo Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston MA 02115 USA
| | | | - Peter S. Hammerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Carla F. Kim
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim JS, Lee SC, Min HY, Park KH, Hyun SY, Kwon SJ, Choi SP, Kim WY, Lee HJ, Lee HY. Activation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling mediates resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitors. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:197-206. [PMID: 25721083 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are considered promising targets in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and several types of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in solid tumors is marginal, and the mechanisms underlying resistance to HDAC inhibitors are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) signaling in resistance to HDAC inhibitors in NSCLC. Using MTT and soft-agar colony formation assays, we selected NSCLC cell lines that exhibited intrinsic resistance to vorinostat. Treatment with vorinostat activated IGF-1R signaling in vorinostat-resistant but not vorinostat-sensitive NSCLC cells. Other HDAC inhibitors, including trichostatin A, sodium butyrate, and depsipeptide, also activated IGF-1R signaling in vorinostat-resistant NSCLC cells. Blockade of IGF-1R signaling via IGF-1R monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or through knockdown of IGF-1R via RNA interference sensitized vorinostat-resistant cells to HDAC inhibition. Finally, IGF-1R mAbs sensitized xenograft tumors of vorinostat-resistant cells to vorinostat treatment in vivo. These findings suggest that IGF-1R activation is generally involved in resistance to HDAC inhibitors and that targeting IGF-1R is an effective strategy for overcoming resistance to HDAC inhibitors in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Su-Chan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Min
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeob Hyun
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyungnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Phil Choi
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Woo-Young Kim
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyungnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
An JH, Jang SM, Kim JW, Kim CH, Song PI, Choi KH. The expression of p21 is upregulated by forkhead box A1/2 in p53-null H1299 cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4065-70. [PMID: 25281925 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 is increased in response to various stimuli and stress signals through p53-dependent and independent pathways. We demonstrate in this study that forkhead box A1/2 (FOXA1/2) is a crucial transcription factor in the activation of p21 transcription via direct binding to the p21 promoter in p53-null H1299 lung carcinoma cells. In addition, histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA)-mediated upregulation of p21 expression was repressed by knockdown of FOXA1/2 in H1299 cells. Consequently, these results suggest that FOXA1/2 is required for p53-independent p21 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hee An
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Jang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea; Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, NEI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chul-Hong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter I Song
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Kyung-Hee Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yamamoto K, Seike M, Takeuchi S, Soeno C, Miyanaga A, Noro R, Minegishi Y, Kubota K, Gemma A. MiR-379/411 cluster regulates IL-18 and contributes to drug resistance in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2365-72. [PMID: 25231602 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rapidly fatal malignancy that is increasing in incidence in Japan. In this study, we performed gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling to identify novel therapeutic targets in MPM cells. Based on relative sensitivities to pemetrexed (PEM) and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, vorinostat (SAHA), 211H cells were determined to be the only sensitive MPM cell line out of the 6 tested. On the same series of cell lines, we performed whole genome transcriptomic profiling via DNA microarrays and pathway analysis of the derived data. Of particular note, IL-18 gene expression levels were significantly higher in the cell lines that were either drug resistant or displayed intermediate sensitivity, compared to the sensitive 211H cell line. Pathway analysis revealed IL-18 as an important gene associated with drug sensitivity of MPM cells. A relationship between IL-18 overexpression and drug resistance was also observed following targeted assessment of 10 cytokine genes using quantitative RT-PCR. miRNA expression profiles were evaluated in the MPM cell line panel in order to discern the mechanism of IL-18 induction in the drug-resistant lines. We found that miR-379 and miR-411 belonged to the same cluster of miRNAs located on chromosome 14q32 that commonly target the IL-18 gene. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-379 and miR-411 directly target the IL-18 gene. Introduction of miR-379 plus miR-411, as well as IL-18 silencing, significantly suppressed the invasive capacity of MESO1 cells in vitro. Furthermore, the use of either PEM or SAHA together with miR-379 plus miR-411 mimics mediated increased sensitivity to these drugs in MESO1 cells. These results suggest that the miR-379/411 cluster may provide new therapeutic opportunities for advanced MPM patients, depending on the nature of IL-18 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Masahiro Seike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Susumu Takeuchi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Chie Soeno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyanaga
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Rintaro Noro
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yuji Minegishi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kubota
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gemma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Song WF, Wang L, Huang WY, Cai X, Cui JJ, Wang LW. MiR-21 upregulation induced by promoter zone histone acetylation is associated with chemoresistance to gemcitabine and enhanced malignancy of pancreatic cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:7529-36. [PMID: 24460329 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is reported to be overexpressed and to contribute to proliferation, apoptosis and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). The aims of this study were to explore regulation of miR-21 expression by epigenetic change and its impact on chemoresistance and malignant properties of of pancreatic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected 41 cases of advanced pancreatic cancer patients who were sensitive or resistant to gemcitabine and assessed levels of serum circulating miR-21 for correlation with cytotoxic activity. Histone acetylation in the miR-21 promoter was also studied in gemcitabine-sensitive and gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells. Gemcitabine-resistant HPAC and PANC-1 cells were transfected with pre-miR-21 precursors (pre-miR-21) and antisense oligonucleotides (anti-miR-21), and were treated with TSA. Finally, invasion and metastasis assays were performed and alteration in mir-21, PTEN, AKT and pAKT level was evaluated in these cells. RESULTS Serum miR-21 levels were increased in gemcitabine- resistant PDAC patients compared with gemcitabine-sensitive subjects. The miR-21 levels were increased in 6 PDAC cells treated with gemcitabine significantly, associated with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s). Histone acetylation levels at miR-21 promoter were increased in PDAC cells after treatment with gemcitabine. Enhanced invasion and metastasis, increased miR-21 expression, decreased PTEN, elevated pAKT level were demonstrated in gemcitabine-resistant HPAC and PANC-1 cells. Pre-miR-21 transfection or TSA treatment further increased invasion and metastasis ability, decreased PTEN, and elevated pAKT levels in these two lines. In contrast, anti-miR-21 transfection could reverse invasion and metastasis, and PTEN and pAKT expressions induced by gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS MiR-21 upregulation induced by histone acetylation in the promoter zone is associated with chemoresistance to gemcitabine and enhanced malignant potential in pancreatic cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Takeuchi S, Seike M, Noro R, Soeno C, Sugano T, Zou F, Uesaka H, Nishijima N, Matsumoto M, Minegishi Y, Kubota K, Gemma A. Significance of osteopontin in the sensitivity of malignant pleural mesothelioma to pemetrexed. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1886-94. [PMID: 24714722 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemetrexed (PEM) is currently recommended as one of the standard anticancer drugs for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). However, the mechanism of the sensitivity of MPM to PEM remains unclear. We analyzed the antitumor effects of PEM in six MPM cell lines by MTS assay. To identify genes associated with drug sensitivity, we conducted gene expression profiling on the same set of cell lines using GeneChips and pathway analysis. Three cell lines were sensitive to PEM. A total fo 18 transcripts and 14 genes identified by GeneChips were significantly correlated with sensitivity to PEM. Pathway analysis revealed that osteopontin (SPP1/OPN) was an important target in PEM sensitivity. Overexpression of SPP1/OPN was observed in the sensitive cells by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Introduction of SPP1/OPN by lentiviral vector significantly enhanced the invasion activities of MPM cells. PEM treatment with SPP1/OPN knockdown inhibited the PEM-induced cell growth-inhibitory effect in PEM-sensitive cells. Expression of SPP1/OPN and AKT phosphorylation significantly decreased after PEM treatment of the PEM-sensitive cells. High immunohistochemical expression of SPP1/OPN was observed in two of three MPM patients who had a partial response to PEM-based chemotherapy. PEM has antitumor effects in MPM cells dependent on SPP1/OPN overexpression resulting in AKT activation. Our results suggest that SPP1 may be used as a single predictive biomarker of the effectiveness of PEM treatment in MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Takeuchi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Masahiro Seike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Rintaro Noro
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Chie Soeno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Teppei Sugano
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Fenfei Zou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | | | - Nobuhiko Nishijima
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsumoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yuji Minegishi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kubota
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gemma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Forde PM, Brahmer JR, Kelly RJ. New strategies in lung cancer: epigenetic therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:2244-8. [PMID: 24644000 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent discoveries that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be divided into molecular subtypes based on the presence or absence of driver mutations have revolutionized the treatment of many patients with advanced disease. However, despite these advances, a majority of patients are still dependent on modestly effective cytotoxic chemotherapy to provide disease control and prolonged survival. In this article, we review the current status of attempts to target the epigenome, heritable modifications of DNA, histones, and chromatin that may act to modulate gene expression independently of DNA coding alterations, in NSCLC and the potential for combinatorial and sequential treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Forde
- Authors' Affiliation: Upper Aerodigestive Malignancies Division, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
A critical re-assessment of DNA repair gene promoter methylation in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4186. [PMID: 24569633 PMCID: PMC3935198 DOI: 10.1038/srep04186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair genes that have been inactivated by promoter methylation offer potential therapeutic targets either by targeting the specific repair deficiency, or by synthetic lethal approaches. This study evaluated promoter methylation status for eight selected DNA repair genes (ATM, BRCA1, ERCC1, MGMT, MLH1, NEIL1, RAD23B and XPC) in 56 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours and 11 lung cell lines using the methylation-sensitive high resolution melting (MS-HRM) methodology. Frequent methylation in NEIL1 (42%) and infrequent methylation in ERCC1 (2%) and RAD23B (2%) are reported for the first time in NSCLC. MGMT methylation was detected in 13% of the NSCLCs. Contrary to previous studies, methylation was not detected in ATM, BRCA1, MLH1 and XPC. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was consistent with these findings. The study emphasises the importance of using appropriate methodology for accurate assessment of promoter methylation.
Collapse
|
40
|
Miyanaga A. Molecular Targeted Therapy of Lung Cancer and the Development of a Molecular Predictive Model. J NIPPON MED SCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1272/jnms.81.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyanaga
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Peng H, Yang M, Chen ZY, Chen P, Guan CX, Xiang XD, Cai S, Chen Y, Fang X. Expression and methylation of mitochondrial transcription factor a in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with lung cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82739. [PMID: 24367550 PMCID: PMC3867397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apoptosis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and this process can be regulated by mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA). Epigenetics is involved in the regulation and modification of the genes involved in lung cancer and COPD. In this study, we determined the expression of mtTFA and its methylation levels in the COPD patients with lung cancer. Methods Twenty-one squamous cell lung cancer patients, 11 with COPD and 10 without COPD, undergoing pneumonectomy were enrolled. The apoptotic index (AI) of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells was analyzed by transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assay. The expression of mtTFA mRNA and protein was measured using PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western-blot. Methylation of the mtTFA promoter was detected using bisulfite sequencing PCR. Results Compared to the non-COPD group, the AI was higher, and expression of mtTFA mRNA and protein was lower in the COPD group (P<0.001). Expression of the mtTFA protein was positively correlated with FEV1/Pre (r = 0.892, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with AI (r = −0.749, P<0.001) and smoke index (r = −0.763, P<0.001). Percentage of mtTFA promoter methylation in the COPD patients was significantly higher compared to the non-COPD patients (P<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that the expression of mtTFA mRNA and protein is down-regulated in the lung tissue from the COPD patients with squamous cell lung cancer, and the level of mtTFA protein is related to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. Aberrant mtTFA methylation may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China ; Human Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhi-yong Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Cha-xiang Guan
- Physiological Research Center, Xiangya Medical School of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xu-dong Xiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shan Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kitamura K, Seike M, Okano T, Matsuda K, Miyanaga A, Mizutani H, Noro R, Minegishi Y, Kubota K, Gemma A. MiR-134/487b/655 cluster regulates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and drug resistance to gefitinib by targeting MAGI2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 13:444-53. [PMID: 24258346 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has recently been recognized as a key element of cell invasion, migration, metastasis, and drug resistance in several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our aim was to clarify microRNA (miRNA)-related mechanisms underlying EMT followed by acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in NSCLC. miRNA expression profiles were examined before and after transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) exposure in four human adenocarcinoma cell lines with or without EMT. Correlation between expressions of EMT-related miRNAs and resistance to EGFR-TKI gefitinib was evaluated. miRNA array and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that TGF-β1 significantly induced overexpression of miR-134, miR-487b, and miR-655, which belong to the same cluster located on chromosome 14q32, in lung adenocarcinoma cells with EMT. MAGI2 (membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW, and PDZ domain-containing protein 2), a predicted target of these miRNAs and a scaffold protein required for PTEN, was diminished in A549 cells with EMT after the TGF-β1 stimulation. Overexpression of miR-134 and miR-487b promoted the EMT phenomenon and affected the drug resistance to gefitinib, whereas knockdown of these miRNAs inhibited the EMT process and reversed TGF-β1-induced resistance to gefitinib. Our study demonstrated that the miR-134/487b/655 cluster contributed to the TGF-β1-induced EMT phenomenon and affected the resistance to gefitinib by directly targeting MAGI2, in which suppression subsequently caused loss of PTEN stability in lung cancer cells. The miR-134/miR-487b/miR-655 cluster may be a new therapeutic target in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma, depending on the EMT phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kitamura
- Corresponding Author: Masahiro Seike, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Petta V, Gkiozos I, Strimpakos A, Syrigos K. Histones and lung cancer: are the histone deacetylases a promising therapeutic target? Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013; 72:935-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-013-2223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
44
|
Huffman K, Martinez ED. Pre-clinical studies of epigenetic therapies targeting histone modifiers in lung cancer. Front Oncol 2013; 3:235. [PMID: 24058902 PMCID: PMC3766830 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for lung cancer patients have been generally limited to standard therapies or targeted interventions which involve a small number of known mutations. Although the targeted therapies are initially successful, they most often result in drug resistance, relapse, and mortality. We now know that the complexity of lung cancer comes not only from genomic changes, but also from aberrant epigenetic regulatory events. Epigenetic therapies have shown promise as single agents in the treatment of hematological malignancies but have yet to meet this expectation in solid tumors thus fostering researchers to pursue new approaches in the development and use of epigenetic interventions. Here, we review some recent pre-clinical findings involving the use of drugs targeting histone modifying enzymes both as single agents and as co-therapies against lung cancer. A greater understanding of the impact of these epigenetic compounds in lung cancer signaling is needed and further evaluation in vivo is warranted in several cases based on the pre-clinical activity of a subset of compounds discussed in this review, including drugs co-targeting HDACs and EGF receptor, targeting Brd4 and targeting Jumonji histone demethylases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Huffman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Spyropoulou A, Piperi C, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG. Deregulated chromatin remodeling in the pathobiology of brain tumors. Neuromolecular Med 2013; 15:1-24. [PMID: 23114751 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-012-8205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors encompass a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with variable histopathology, aggressiveness, clinical outcome and prognosis. Current gene expression profiling studies indicate interplay of genetic and epigenetic alterations in their pathobiology. A central molecular event underlying epigenetics is the alteration of chromatin structure by post-translational modifications of DNA and histones as well as nucleosome repositioning. Dynamic remodeling of the fundamental nucleosomal structure of chromatin or covalent histone marks located in core histones regulate main cellular processes including DNA methylation, replication, DNA-damage repair as well as gene expression. Deregulation of these processes has been linked to tumor suppressor gene silencing, cancer initiation and progression. The reversible nature of deregulated chromatin structure by DNA methylation and histone deacetylation inhibitors, leading to re-expression of tumor suppressor genes, makes chromatin-remodeling pathways as promising therapeutic targets. In fact, a considerable number of these inhibitors are being tested today either alone or in combination with other agents or conventional treatments in the management of brain tumors with considerable success. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underpinning deregulated chromatin remodeling in brain tumors, discuss their potential clinical implications and highlight the advances toward new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Spyropoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Histone deacetylases inhibitor trichostatin A increases the expression of Dleu2/miR-15a/16-1 via HDAC3 in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 383:137-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
47
|
Vendetti FP, Rudin CM. Epigenetic therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer: targeting DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13:1273-85. [PMID: 23859704 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.819337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetics refers to heritable modifications of DNA and associated chromatin components that influence gene expression without altering DNA coding sequence. Epigenetic dysregulation is a central contributor to oncogenesis and is increasingly a focus of interest in cancer therapeutic research. Two key levels of aberrant epigenetic control are DNA methylation and histone acetylation. Primary regulators of these epigenetic changes include DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). AREAS COVERED This review focuses on epigenetic changes in non-small-cell lung cancer and recent preclinical and clinical studies targeting these changes. DNMT inhibitors were previously explored at or near maximally tolerated doses, levels at which these agents are cytotoxic but have suboptimal effects on DNA methylation. Use of these inhibitors at substantially lower doses, in combination with HDAC inhibitors, can promote re-expression of silenced tumor suppressor genes, can result in major clinical responses and may alter tumor responsiveness to subsequent cytotoxic therapies. EXPERT OPINION Combinatorial epigenetic therapy has demonstrated encouraging clinical activity, but many relevant questions remain. Global strategies influencing the epigenome may have both positive and potential negative long-term effects on cancer progression. Further clinical investigation of this approach, including exploratory studies to define predictive biomarkers, is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank P Vendetti
- Johns Hopkins University, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, David H. Koch Cancer Research Building 2, Room 562, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ma T, Galimberti F, Erkmen CP, Memoli V, Chinyengetere F, Sempere L, Beumer JH, Anyang BN, Nugent W, Johnstone D, Tsongalis GJ, Kurie JM, Li H, Direnzo J, Guo Y, Freemantle SJ, Dragnev KH, Dmitrovsky E. Comparing histone deacetylase inhibitor responses in genetically engineered mouse lung cancer models and a window of opportunity trial in patients with lung cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:1545-55. [PMID: 23686769 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi; vorinostat) responses were studied in murine and human lung cancer cell lines and genetically engineered mouse lung cancer models. Findings were compared with a window of opportunity trial in aerodigestive tract cancers. In human (HOP62, H522, and H23) and murine transgenic (ED-1, ED-2, LKR-13, and 393P, driven, respectively, by cyclin E, degradation-resistant cyclin E, KRAS, or KRAS/p53) lung cancer cell lines, vorinostat reduced growth, cyclin D1, and cyclin E levels, but induced p27, histone acetylation, and apoptosis. Other biomarkers also changed. Findings from transgenic murine lung cancer models were integrated with those from a window of opportunity trial that measured vorinostat pharmacodynamic responses in pre- versus posttreatment tumor biopsies. Vorinostat repressed cyclin D1 and cyclin E expression in murine transgenic lung cancers and significantly reduced lung cancers in syngeneic mice. Vorinostat also reduced cyclin D1 and cyclin E expression, but increased p27 levels in post- versus pretreatment human lung cancer biopsies. Notably, necrotic and inflammatory responses appeared in posttreatment biopsies. These depended on intratumoral HDACi levels. Therefore, HDACi treatments of murine genetically engineered lung cancer models exert similar responses (growth inhibition and changes in gene expression) as observed in lung cancer cell lines. Moreover, enhanced pharmacodynamic responses occurred in the window of opportunity trial, providing additional markers of response that can be evaluated in subsequent HDACi trials. Thus, combining murine and human HDACi trials is a strategy to translate preclinical HDACi treatment outcomes into the clinic. This study uncovered clinically tractable mechanisms to engage in future HDACi trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ma
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shien K, Toyooka S, Yamamoto H, Soh J, Jida M, Thu KL, Hashida S, Maki Y, Ichihara E, Asano H, Tsukuda K, Takigawa N, Kiura K, Gazdar AF, Lam WL, Miyoshi S. Acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors is associated with a manifestation of stem cell-like properties in cancer cells. Cancer Res 2013; 73:3051-61. [PMID: 23542356 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to EGF receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a critical problem in the treatment of lung cancer. Although several mechanisms have been shown to be responsible for acquired resistance, all mechanisms have not been uncovered. In this study, we investigated the molecular and cellular profiles of the acquired resistant cells to EGFR-TKI in EGFR-mutant lung cancers. Four EGFR-mutant cell lines were exposed to gefitinib by stepwise escalation and high-concentration exposure methods, and resistant sublines to gefitinib were established. The molecular profiles and cellular phenotypes of these resistant sublines were characterized. Although previously reported, alterations including secondary EGFR T790M mutation, MET amplification, and appearance of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features were observed, these 2 drug-exposure methods revealed different resistance mechanisms. The resistant cells with EMT features exhibited downregulation of miRNA-200c by DNA methylation. Furthermore, the HCC827-derived subline characterized by the high-concentration exposure method exhibited not only EMT features but also stem cell-like properties, including aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 (ALDH1A1) overexpression, increase of side-population, and self-renewal capability. Resistant sublines with stem cell-like properties were resistant to conventional chemotherapeutic agents but equally sensitive to histone deacetylase and proteasome inhibitors, compared with their parental cells. ALDH1A1 was upregulated in clinical samples with acquired resistance to gefitinib. In conclusion, our study indicates that the manner of EGFR-TKI exposure influences the mechanism of acquired resistance and the appearance of stem cell-like property with EGFR-TKI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Shien
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wong JC, Tang G, Wu X, Liang C, Zhang Z, Guo L, Peng Z, Zhang W, Lin X, Wang Z, Mei J, Chen J, Pan S, Zhang N, Liu Y, Zhou M, Feng L, Zhao W, Li S, Zhang C, Zhang M, Rong Y, Jin TG, Zhang X, Ren S, Ji Y, Zhao R, She J, Ren Y, Xu C, Chen D, Cai J, Shan S, Pan D, Ning Z, Lu X, Chen T, He Y, Chen L. Pharmacokinetic optimization of class-selective histone deacetylase inhibitors and identification of associated candidate predictive biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma tumor response. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8903-25. [PMID: 23061376 DOI: 10.1021/jm3011838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the pharmacokinetic optimization of a series of class-selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and the subsequent identification of candidate predictive biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor response for our clinical lead using patient-derived HCC tumor xenograft models. Through a combination of conformational constraint and scaffold hopping, we lowered the in vivo clearance (CL) and significantly improved the bioavailability (F) and exposure (AUC) of our HDAC inhibitors while maintaining selectivity toward the class I HDAC family with particular potency against HDAC1, resulting in clinical lead 5 (HDAC1 IC₅₀ = 60 nM, mouse CL = 39 mL/min/kg, mouse F = 100%, mouse AUC after single oral dose at 10 mg/kg = 6316 h·ng/mL). We then evaluated 5 in a biomarker discovery pilot study using patient-derived tumor xenograft models, wherein two out of the three models responded to treatment. By comparing tumor response status to compound tumor exposure, induction of acetylated histone H3, candidate gene expression changes, and promoter DNA methylation status from all three models at various time points, we identified preliminary candidate response prediction biomarkers that warrant further validation in a larger cohort of patient-derived tumor models and through confirmatory functional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Wong
- Roche R&D Center-China Ltd., 720 Cai Lun Road, Building 5, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|