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Wang Y, Song Y, Peng Y, Han S, Qin C, Du Y, Xu T. Effects of androgen suppression therapy on the incidence and prognosis of bladder cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:266-274. [PMID: 38729866 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The influence of androgen suppression therapy (AST) on bladder cancer (BCa) remains controversial, as recent studies have not reached a consensus regarding the relationship between AST and the incidence or prognosis of BCa. MATERIALS AND METHODS We perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis utilizing the most recent evidence to investigate the potential influence of AST on the incidence and prognosis of BCa. A comprehensive literature search was performed on the PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to include potentially eligible studies. Hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) were used to calculate the incidence and prognosis of BCa. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 22 studies with 700,755 participants which investigated the impact of AST on the risk and prognosis of BCa. The pooled results revealed no significant relation between AST and a decreased incidence of BCa (OR: 0.92, 95%CI: 0.77-1.09, P = 0.342). Subgroup analysis reported that patients receiving 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) exhibited a significantly lower risk of BCa (OR: 0.83, 95%CI: 0.75-0.91, P < 0.001), while androgen deprivation therapy did not show a significant reduction (OR: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.46-2.16, P = 0.995). AST may also significantly improve the recurrence-free survival of patients with BCa (HR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.50-0.95, P = 0.023). We also detected a significant improvement in OS among BCa patients who received 5-ARIs compared to those without 5-ARIs (HR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.68-0.99, P = 0.037). CONCLUSION No significant correlation was found between AST and a decreased BCa incidence, while 5-ARIs have demonstrated efficacy in reducing BCa occurrence. Moreover, patients who received AST demonstrated improved prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Songchen Han
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Caipeng Qin
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yiqing Du
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; The Institute of Applied Lithotripsy Technology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
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Sundi D, Collier KA, Yang Y, Diaz DA, Pohar KS, Singer EA, Gupta S, Carson WE, Clinton SK, Li Z, Messing EM. Roles of Androgen Receptor Signaling in Urothelial Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:746. [PMID: 38398136 PMCID: PMC10886823 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical data suggest that androgen receptor signaling strongly contributes to bladder cancer development. The roles of the androgen receptor in bladder carcinogenesis have obvious implications for understanding the strong male sex bias in this disease and for potential therapeutic strategies as well. In this review, we summarize what is known about androgen receptor signaling in urothelial carcinoma as well as in tumor-infiltrating immune cells, reviewing preclinical and clinical data. We also highlight clinical trial efforts in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Sundi
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Katharine A. Collier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuanquan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dayssy Alexandra Diaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kamal S. Pohar
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA (E.A.S.)
| | - Eric A. Singer
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA (E.A.S.)
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - William E. Carson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steven K. Clinton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Edward M. Messing
- Departments of Urology, Oncology, and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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3
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Chen R, Zou J, Zhong X, Li J, Kang R, Tang D. HMGB1 in the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 581:216494. [PMID: 38007142 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Lysosome-mediated autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis are dynamic processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, ensuring cell health and functionality. The intricate interplay and reciprocal regulation between autophagy and apoptosis are implicated in various human diseases, including cancer. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone chromosomal protein, plays a pivotal role in coordinating autophagy and apoptosis levels during tumor initiation, progression, and therapy. The regulation of autophagy machinery and the apoptosis pathway by HMGB1 is influenced by various factors, including the protein's subcellular localization, oxidative state, and interactions with binding partners. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of HMGB1, with a specific focus on the interplay between autophagic degradation and apoptotic death in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the significance of HMGB1 as a biomarker and its potential as a therapeutic target in tumor diseases is crucial for advancing our knowledge of cell survival and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Ju Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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4
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Chen J, Huang CP, Quan C, Zu X, Ou Z, Tsai YC, Messing E, Yeh S, Chang C. The androgen receptor in bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:560-574. [PMID: 37072491 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide with a striking sex-based difference in incidence. Emerging evidence indicates that the androgen receptor (AR) might promote the development, progression and recurrence of bladder cancer, contributing to the observed sex differences. Targeting androgen-AR signalling has promise as potential therapy for bladder cancer and helps to suppress progression of this disease. In addition, the identification of a new membrane AR and AR-regulated non-coding RNAs has important implications for bladder cancer treatment. The success of human clinical trials of targeted-AR therapies will help in the development of improved treatments for patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Chi-Ping Huang
- Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao Quan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ou
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Chieh Tsai
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward Messing
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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5
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pH-Sensitive nanoparticles co-loaded with dimethylcurcumin and regorafenib for targeted combinational therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Li Y, Youssef SF, Buanz ABM. Intravesical combination therapies for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: Recent advances and future directions. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 926:175024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Messing EM. Antibiotics and BCG. Bladder Cancer 2022; 8:97-99. [PMID: 38994522 PMCID: PMC11181830 DOI: 10.3233/blc-229000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Liu Q, You B, Meng J, Huang CP, Dong G, Wang R, Chou F, Gao S, Chang C, Yeh S, Xu W. Targeting the androgen receptor to enhance NK cell killing efficacy in bladder cancer by modulating ADAR2/circ_0001005/PD-L1 signaling. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1988-2000. [PMID: 35915245 PMCID: PMC9750871 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although androgen receptor (AR) can influence bladder cancer (BCa) initiation and progression, its impact on tumor immune escape remains unclear. Here, we found that targeting AR could enhance natural killer (NK) cell tumor-killing efficacy by decreasing PD-L1 expression. Both antiandrogen treatment and AR knockdown effectively reduced membrane PD-LI expression to facilitate NK cell-mediated BCa cell killing by downregulating circ_0001005. Mechanistically, AR upregulated circRNA circ_0001005 expression via the RNA-editing gene ADAR2. circ_0001005 competitively sponged the miRNA miR-200a-3p to promote PD-L1 expression. A preclinical BCa xenograft mouse model further confirmed this newly identified signaling using the small molecule circ_0001005-shRNA to improve NK cell killing of BCa tumor cells. Collectively, these results suggest that targeting the newly identified ADAR2/circ_0001005/miR-200a-3p/PD-L1 pathway to impact antitumor immunity may suppress progression and boost immunotherapeutic efficacy in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Radiation Oncology, Urology, and Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 China ,grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Bosen You
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Radiation Oncology, Urology, and Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 China ,grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Jialin Meng
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Chi-Ping Huang
- grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Department of Urology, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Guanglu Dong
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Radiation Oncology, Urology, and Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - Ronghao Wang
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Fuju Chou
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Shan Gao
- grid.412463.60000 0004 1762 6325Department of Radiation Oncology, Urology, and Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Department of Urology, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Departments of Urology, Pathology, Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Wanhai Xu
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Urology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 China
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9
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Animal Models in Bladder Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121762. [PMID: 34944577 PMCID: PMC8698361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (urothelial cancer of the bladder) is the most common malignancy affecting the urinary system with an increasing incidence and mortality. Mouse models of bladder cancer should possess a high value of reproducibility, predictability, and translatability to allow mechanistic, chemo-preventive, and therapeutic studies that can be furthered into human clinical trials. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview and resources on the origin, molecular and pathological characteristics of commonly used animal models in bladder cancer. METHODS A PubMed and Web of Science search was performed for relevant articles published between 1980 and 2021 using words such as: "bladder" and/or "urothelial carcinoma" and animal models. Animal models of bladder cancer can be categorized as autochthonous (spontaneous) and non-autochthonous (transplantable). The first are either chemically induced models or genetically engineered models. The transplantable models can be further subclassified as syngeneic (murine bladder cancer cells implanted into immunocompetent or transgenic mice) and xenografts (human bladder cancer cells implanted into immune-deficient mice). These models can be further divided-based on the site of the tumor-as orthotopic (tumor growth occurs within the bladder) and heterotopic (tumor growth occurs outside of the bladder).
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10
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Lutz CT, Livas L, Presnell SR, Sexton M, Wang P. Gender Differences in Urothelial Bladder Cancer: Effects of Natural Killer Lymphocyte Immunity. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5163. [PMID: 34768683 PMCID: PMC8584838 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Men are more likely to develop cancer than women. In fact, male predominance is one of the most consistent cancer epidemiology findings. Additionally, men have a poorer prognosis and an increased risk of secondary malignancies compared to women. These differences have been investigated in order to better understand cancer and to better treat both men and women. In this review, we discuss factors that may cause this gender difference, focusing on urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) pathogenesis. We consider physiological factors that may cause higher male cancer rates, including differences in X chromosome gene expression. We discuss how androgens may promote bladder cancer development directly by stimulating bladder urothelium and indirectly by suppressing immunity. We are particularly interested in the role of natural killer (NK) cells in anti-cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles T. Lutz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (L.L.); (S.R.P.); (M.S.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Lydia Livas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (L.L.); (S.R.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Steven R. Presnell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (L.L.); (S.R.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Morgan Sexton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (L.L.); (S.R.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Evaluation of Therapeutic Targets in Histological Subtypes of Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111547. [PMID: 34768978 PMCID: PMC8583926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Histologically, bladder cancer is a heterogeneous group comprising urothelial carcinoma (UC), squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinomas (ACs), urachal carcinomas (UrCs), and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (SCCs). However, all bladder cancers have been treated so far uniformly, and targeted therapy options are still limited. Thus, we aimed to determine the protein expression/molecular status of commonly used cancer targets (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), mismatch repair (MMR), androgen and estrogen receptors (AR/ER), Nectin-4, tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (Tacstd2, Trop-2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3)) to give first insights into whether patients with SCC, AC/UrCs, and squamous-differentiated carcinomas (Sq-BLCA) of the bladder could be eligible for targeted therapies. In addition, for MMR-deficient tumors, microsatellite instability was analyzed. We completed our own data with molecular data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We present ratios for each drug and cumulative ratios for multiple therapeutic options for each nonurothelial subtype. For example, 58.9% of SCC patients, 33.5% of AC/UrCs patients, and 79.3% of Sq-BLCA patients would be eligible for at least one of the analyzed targets. In conclusion, our findings hold promise for targeted therapeutic approaches in selected patients in the future, as various drugs could be applied according to the biomarker status.
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12
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Synthesis of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives as Potent Growth Inhibitors of Drug-Resistant Bacteria. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165083. [PMID: 34443670 PMCID: PMC8398255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococci and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are among the menacing bacterial pathogens. Novel antibiotics are urgently needed to tackle these antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. This article reports the design, synthesis, and antimicrobial studies of 30 novel pyrazole derivatives. Most of the synthesized compounds are potent growth inhibitors of planktonic Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concertation (MIC) values as low as 0.25 µg/mL. Further studies led to the discovery of several lead compounds, which are bactericidal and potent against MRSA persisters. Compounds 11, 28, and 29 are potent against S. aureus biofilms with minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values as low as 1 µg/mL.
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13
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Sohail M, Guo W, Yang X, Li Z, Li Y, Xu H, Zhao F. A Promising Anticancer Agent Dimethoxycurcumin: Aspects of Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, Mechanism, and Nanoformulation for Drug Delivery. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:665387. [PMID: 34295247 PMCID: PMC8290316 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a well-known anticancer natural product with various significant bioactivities that has been well documented, but its widespread use is mainly hindered by insufficient ADME properties such as poor solubility and low metabolic stability. Dimethoxycurcumin (DiMC) is a kind of lipophilic compound derived from curcumin that maintains its anticancer potency and has greatly improved systematic bioavailability. Therefore, DiMC is regarded as a promising plant-derived anticancer agent that deserves to be well developed. Herein, we concentrate on the published work by those from original research groups concerned with the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and mechanism of DiMC involved in the treatment of various tumors, as well as the nanoformulations for effective drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University) Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenna Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University) Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University) Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University) Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Binzhou Hospital of TCM, Binzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University) Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University) Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
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High Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression Is Associated with Improved Outcome in Patients with High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070642. [PMID: 34209360 PMCID: PMC8306811 DOI: 10.3390/life11070642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the androgen receptor (AR) in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains controversial. We retrospectively analyzed the mRNA expression of AR using RT-qPCR in 95 patients with high-risk NMIBC treated with a bladder-sparing approach and correlated AR with clinical data and recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). The mRNA expression of AR and KRT5, i.e., the basal-like subtype, was strongly correlated (rs = 0.456; p < 0.001). AR (p = 0.053) and KRT5 (p = 0.029) mRNA expression was negatively correlated with tumor grade. Kaplan–Meier analyses indicated significantly prolonged CSS (p = 0.020) and OS (p = 0.015) and a trend towards longer RFS (p = 0.051) in patients with high AR expression. High KRT5 expression was associated with significantly longer RFS (p = 0.033), CSS (p = 0.029) and OS (p = 0.030), while high KRT20 expression was associated with reduced RFS (p = 0.042). In multivariable analysis, none of the molecular markers was an independent prognostic factor. When performing a substratification with regard to molecular markers and clinicopathological parameters, high AR expression showed improved OS in patients with high KRT20 mRNA expression (p = 0.041). Women showed significantly longer OS in cases with high AR expression (p = 0.011). High AR was associated with significantly improved CSS in males (p = 0.044) and patients with instillation therapy (p = 0.040), while OS was improved regardless of instillation therapy. Younger patients with high AR expression had significantly improved RFS (p = 0.021), CSS (p = 0.014) and OS (p = 0.007). RFS was also improved in patients with high AR and low expression of either KRT5 (p = 0.003) or KRT20 (p = 0.014), but not in patients with high expression of KRT5 or KRT20. In conclusion, high AR mRNA expression is correlated with KRT5 mRNA expression and is associated with an improved outcome in high-risk NMIBC.
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15
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Maylin ZR, Nicolescu RC, Pandha H, Asim M. Breaking androgen receptor addiction of prostate cancer by targeting different functional domains in the treatment of advanced disease. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101115. [PMID: 33993099 PMCID: PMC8138777 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer has changed markedly, impacting symptom control and longevity for patients. However, a large proportion of cases progress despite androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy, while still being fit enough for several more lines of treatment. Overstimulation of the androgen receptor (AR) activity is the main driver of this cancer. Targeting biological functions of the AR or its co-regulators has proven very effective in this disease and led to the development of several highly effective drugs targeting the AR signalling axis. Drugs such as enzalutamide demonstrated that the improvement in anti-tumour efficacy is closely correlated with an affinity for the AR and its activity and have established the paradigm that AR remains activity in aggressive disease. However, as importantly, key insights into mechanisms of resistance are guiding the development of the next generation of AR-targeted drugs. This review outlines the historical development of these highly specific agents, their mechanism of action in the context of defective AR activity, and explores the potential for the upcoming next-generation AR inhibitors (ARI) for prostate cancer by targeting the alternative domains of AR, rather than by the conventional ligand-binding domain approach. There is huge potential in these approaches to develop new drugs with high clinical activity and further improve the outlook for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe R Maylin
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, UK
| | | | - Hardev Pandha
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, UK.
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16
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Ide H, Miyamoto H. Sex Hormone Receptor Signaling in Bladder Cancer: A Potential Target for Enhancing the Efficacy of Conventional Non-Surgical Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:1169. [PMID: 34064926 PMCID: PMC8150801 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been critical problems in the non-surgical treatment for bladder cancer, especially residence to intravesical pharmacotherapy, including BCG immunotherapy, cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence has suggested a vital role of sex steroid hormone-mediated signaling in the progression of urothelial cancer. Moreover, activation of the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor pathways has been implicated in modulating sensitivity to conventional non-surgical therapy for bladder cancer. This may indicate the possibility of anti-androgenic and anti-estrogenic drugs, apart from their direct anti-tumor activity, to function as sensitizers of such conventional treatment. This article summarizes available data suggesting the involvement of sex hormone receptors, such as androgen receptor, estrogen receptor-α, and estrogen receptor-β, in the progression of urothelial cancer, focusing on their modulation for the efficacy of conventional therapy, and discusses their potential of overcoming therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ide
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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17
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Creta M, Celentano G, Napolitano L, La Rocca R, Capece M, Califano G, Collà Ruvolo C, Mangiapia F, Morra S, Turco C, Spirito L, Fusco F, Imbimbo C, Mirone V, Longo N. Inhibition of Androgen Signalling Improves the Outcomes of Therapies for Bladder Cancer: Results from a Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020351. [PMID: 33672461 PMCID: PMC7923424 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is an endocrine-related tumour and the activation of androgen signalling pathways may promote bladder tumorigenesis. We summarized the available preclinical and clinical evidence on the implications of the manipulation of androgen signalling pathways on the outcomes of BCa therapies. A systematic review was performed in December 2020. We included papers that met the following criteria: original preclinical and clinical research; evaluating the impact of androgen signalling modulation on the outcomes of BCa therapies. Six preclinical and eight clinical studies were identified. The preclinical evidence demonstrates that the modulation of androgen receptor-related pathways has the potential to interfere with the activity of the Bacillus Calmette Guerin, doxorubicin, cisplatin, gemcitabine, and radiotherapy. The relative risk of BCa recurrence after transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT) is significantly lower in patients undergoing therapy with 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (Relative risk: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.30–0.82; p = 0.006). Subgroup analysis in patients receiving 5-ARIs revealed a relative risk of BCa recurrence of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.22–0.95; p = 0.040). A significant negative association between the ratio of T1 BCa patients in treated/control groups and the relative risk of BCa recurrence was observed. Therapy with 5-ARIs may represent a potential strategy aimed at reducing BCa recurrence rate, mainly in patients with low stage disease. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Celentano
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Gianluigi Califano
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Claudia Collà Ruvolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Francesco Mangiapia
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Simone Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Carmine Turco
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Lorenzo Spirito
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Ferdinando Fusco
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.N.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (C.C.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (C.T.); (L.S.); (C.I.); (V.M.); (N.L.)
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18
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Hu H, Zhou H, Xu D. A review of the effects and molecular mechanisms of dimethylcurcumin (ASC-J9) on androgen receptor-related diseases. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 97:821-835. [PMID: 33277796 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dimethylcurcumin (ASC-J9) is a curcumin analogue capable of inhibiting prostate cancer cell proliferation. The mechanism is associated with the unique role of ASC-J9 in enhancing androgen receptor (AR) degradation. So far, ASC-J9 has been investigated in typical AR-associated diseases such as prostate cancer, benign prostatic hypertrophy, bladder cancer, renal diseases, liver diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cutaneous wound, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, ovarian cancer and melanoma, exhibiting great potentials in disease control. In this review, the effects and molecular mechanisms of ASC-J9 on various AR-associated diseases are summarized. Importantly, the effects of ASC-J9 and AR antagonists enzalutamide/bicalutamide on prostate cancer are compared in detail and crucial differences are highlighted. At last, the pharmacological effects of ASC-J9 are summarized and the future applications of ASC-J9 in AR-associated disease control are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Hu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Refining and High-quality Utilization of Biomass, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Center for Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Defeng Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Refining and High-quality Utilization of Biomass, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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19
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Mizushima T, Jiang G, Kawahara T, Li P, Han B, Inoue S, Ide H, Kato I, Jalalizadeh M, Miyagi E, Fukuda M, Reis LO, Miyamoto H. Androgen Receptor Signaling Reduces the Efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy for Bladder Cancer via Modulating Rab27b-Induced Exocytosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1930-1942. [PMID: 32737155 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy has been the gold standard for nonsurgical management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, a considerable number of patients exhibit resistance to the adjuvant treatment with unexplained mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate whether and how androgen receptor (AR) signals modulate BCG cytotoxicity in bladder cancer. AR knockdown or overexpression in bladder cancer lines resulted in induction or reduction, respectively, in intracellular BCG quantity and its cytotoxic activity. Microarray screening identified Rab27b, a small GTPase known to mediate bacterial exocytosis, which was upregulated in BCG-resistant cells and downregulated in AR-shRNA cells. Knockdown of Rab27b, or its effector SYTL3, or overexpression of Rab27b also induced or reduced, respectively, BCG quantity and cytotoxicity. In addition, treatment with GW4869, which was previously shown to inhibit Rab27b-dependent secretion, induced them and reduced Rab27b expression in bladder cancer cells. Meanwhile, AR expression was upregulated in BCG-resistant lines, compared with respective controls. In a mouse orthotopic xenograft model, Rab27b/SYTL3 knockdown or GW4869 treatment enhanced the amount of BCG within tumors and its suppressive effect on tumor growth. Moreover, in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer specimens from patients subsequently undergoing BCG therapy, positivity of AR/Rab27b expression was associated with significantly higher risks of tumor recurrence. AR activation thus correlates with resistance to BCG treatment, presumably via upregulating Rab27b expression. Mechanistically, it is suggested that BCG elimination from urothelial cells is induced by Rab27b/SYTL3-mediated exocytosis. Accordingly, Rab27b inactivation, potentially via antiandrogenic drugs and/or exocytosis inhibition are anticipated to sensitize the efficacy of BCG therapy, especially in patients with BCG-refractory AR/Rab27b-positive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Mizushima
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Takashi Kawahara
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hiroki Ide
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ikuma Kato
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mehrsa Jalalizadeh
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Etsuko Miyagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Leonardo O Reis
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. .,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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20
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Al-Hogbani M, Gilbert S, Lodde M, Fradet Y, Toren P. Does 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitor Use Improve The Efficacy of Intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer? Bladder Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-190262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prior research implicates the androgen receptor pathway as important in bladder cancer progression and recurrence. In particular, use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) appears to improve bladder cancer outcomes. This study aims to determine if concomitant use of 5-ARIs with intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) decreases recurrences in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). MATERIALS & METHODS: This retrospective analysis included male patients diagnosed with NMIBC who were treated with induction intravesical BCG at our institution from 2013 to 2018. Patients were excluded who received prior induction BCG. Recurrence and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards and Poisson events models. RESULTS: We identified 206 male patients, of whom 39 received 5-ARIs and 167 did not. Most patients (72.8%) received >6 instillations of BCG, with 20.4% completing all induction and maintenance treatments during a median follow up of 3.31 years. There were no significant differences in recurrence or progression-free survival between 5-ARI users or non-users (59% vs 55.7%; p = 0.72 and 97.4% vs 98.2%; p = 1.00, respectively). Similarly, no differences in the number of recurrences between groups was observed (p = 0.78). However, the proportion of patients who completed all prescribed BCG installations was higher among 5-ARI users (39.7% vs 17.9 %, p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to prior reports, our study does not suggest that 5-ARI use decreases the recurrence rate in men receiving induction BCG for NMIBC. However, our results suggest 5-ARI use may improve patient tolerance to BCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofarej Al-Hogbani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Center, Oncology Division, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Gilbert
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Center, Oncology Division, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michele Lodde
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Center, Oncology Division, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Center, Oncology Division, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Paul Toren
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Center, Oncology Division, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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21
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Chen J, Sun Y, Ou Z, Yeh S, Huang CP, You B, Tsai YC, Sheu TJ, Zu X, Chang C. Androgen receptor-regulated circFNTA activates KRAS signaling to promote bladder cancer invasion. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48467. [PMID: 32052578 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) has been linked to bladder cancer (BCa) progression, but if this involves circular RNAs (circRNAs) remains unclear. Here, we find that AR alters the levels of circRNA-FNTA (circFNTA) to increase BCa cell invasion and chemo-resistance. Mechanistically, AR represses the RNA editing gene ADAR2 via direct binding to its 5' promoter region to increase circFNTA levels, which then sponges the microRNA miR-370-3p to increase the expression of its host gene FNTA. This AR-mediated ADAR2/circFNTA/miR-370-3p/FNTA pathway then activates KRAS signaling to alter BCa cell invasion and chemo-sensitivity to cisplatin. A clinical BCa sample survey shows that circFNTA expression is elevated in BCa tissues, and results from a BCa mouse model indicate that depletion of circFNTA leads to the suppression of BCa metastases and increased cisplatin chemo-sensitivity. Together, based on our results using multiple BCa cell lines and an in vivo mouse model we suggest that targeting this newly identified AR/ADAR2/circFNTA/miR-370-3p/FNTA/KRAS axis may lead to the development of therapies to suppress BCa metastasis and to increase its chemo-sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Chen
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yin Sun
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zhenyu Ou
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Chi-Ping Huang
- Sex Hormone Research Center and Department of Urology, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bosen You
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Chieh Tsai
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tzong-Jen Sheu
- Department of Orthopedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Departments of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Sex Hormone Research Center and Department of Urology, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Sanguedolce F, Cormio L, Carrieri G, Calò B, Russo D, Menin A, Pastore AL, Greco F, Bozzini G, Galfano A, Pini G, Porreca A, Mugavero F, Falsaperla M, Ceruti C, Cindolo L, Antonelli A, Minervini A. Role of androgen receptor expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:423-432. [PMID: 31803932 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the potential prognostic/predictive role of androgen receptor (AR) expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and whether it may represent a therapeutic target, we conducted a systematic search of the literature using 'androgen receptor or AR', 'testosterone', 'bladder cancer' and 'non-muscle invasive bladder cancer or NMIBC' as keywords. Eleven studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. No significant association was found between AR status and patients' gender (p=0.232), tumor size (p=0.975), tumor stage (p=0.237), tumor grade (p=0.444), tumor multicentricity (p=0.397), concomitant CIS (p=0.316) and progression of disease (p=0.397). On the other hand, relative lack of AR expression was significantly correlated to recurrent disease (p=0.001). Evidence for a direct correlation between AR expression and recurrence-free survival of patients with NMIBC indicate ARs as potential markers of BC behavior; moreover, the finding of a role of androgen blockade therapy in improving survival highlights the potential clinical application of this pathway, which deserves to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sanguedolce
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Foggia, Italy. .,AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Beppe Calò
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Russo
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Menin
- Department of Pathology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Luigi Pastore
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Urology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Greco
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bozzini
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, ASST Valle Olona, Busto A. (VA), Italy
| | - Antonio Galfano
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovannalberto Pini
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Porreca
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, Policlinico of Abano, Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Filippo Mugavero
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Falsaperla
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Ceruti
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Clinic, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Cindolo
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Urology, ASL02 Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Urology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Minervini
- AGILE Group (Italian Group for Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Urologic Surgery), Italy.,Department of Oncologic, Minimally-Invasive Urology and Andrology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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23
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Wu SC, Kwon D, Jue JS, Chen FV, Velasquez Escobar MC, Punnen S, Parekh DJ, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML. Androgen Suppression Therapy Is Associated with Lower Recurrence of Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol Focus 2019; 7:142-147. [PMID: 31103602 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The challenge of managing non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is its high recurrence rate. Clinical investigations have begun to explore the role of androgen suppression as an adjunct to bladder cancer (BC) treatment. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of androgen suppression therapy (AST) on recurrence and progression rate of risk-stratified NMIBC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Male patients with NMIBC were identified retrospectively from a US institutional database between 2001 and 2017. AST included 5α-reductase inhibitor, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, and antiandrogen. Patients who were exposed to AST prior to documented recurrence/progression were included in the treatment arm. BC was risk stratified to investigate the differential response to AST. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Hazard ratios (HRs) for NMIBC recurrence and progression were estimated using Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression models with stepwise method. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between groups with and without AST. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS We identified a total of 274 males with a median follow-up period of 3.1 yr (interquartile range [IQR] 1.5-5.2). Thirty-six patients were exposed to AST with a median duration of 1.7 yr (IQR 0.7-2.6). AST was associated with a lower risk of recurrence (HR 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.30-0.88) as well as improved RFS (p = 0.014). However, no significant reduction of progression or improvement of PFS (p = 0.23) was found with AST. After risk stratification, all five patients who progressed in the AST cohort had high-risk disease on initial transurethral resection (TUR), whereas no patients with low/intermediate-risk disease progressed on AST. Limitations of the study include nonstandardized initiation of AST in relation to initial TUR, lack of androgen level quantification, and small sample size in the treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective, single-institution study, AST was associated with a lower risk of recurrence in NMIBC. No significant association between AST and progression was found. Further investigation is warranted to define the role of AST as an adjunctive therapy for NMIBC. PATIENT SUMMARY Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is a highly recurrent disease that often requires patients to undergo repeated surgical treatments. This single-institution report suggests that medical suppression of androgen may be a potential preventive therapy to reduce recurrence in certain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Chieh Wu
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Deukwoo Kwon
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joshua S Jue
- Department of Urology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Felix V Chen
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sanoj Punnen
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Dipen J Parekh
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Chad R Ritch
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mark L Gonzalgo
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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24
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Zhu W, Zhao Z, Chou F, Zuo L, Liu T, Yeh S, Bushinsky D, Zeng G, Chang C. Loss of the androgen receptor suppresses intrarenal calcium oxalate crystals deposition via altering macrophage recruitment/M2 polarization with change of the miR-185-5p/CSF-1 signals. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:275. [PMID: 30894518 PMCID: PMC6427030 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystals can trigger a wide range of kidney injuries that may link to the development of kidney stones. Infiltrating macrophages may influence hyperoxaluria-induced intrarenal calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals deposition, yet their linkage to sex hormones remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that suppressing the androgen receptor (AR) expression in renal tubular epithelial cells increased the macrophage recruitment/M2 polarization that may result in enhancing the phagocytosis of intrarenal CaOx crystals. Mechanism dissection suggested that AR can suppress macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) expression via increasing miRNA-185-5p expression to suppress the M2 macrophage polarization-mediated intrarenal CaOx crystals phagocytosis. The preclinical study using glyoxylate-induced intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition mouse model revealed that renal tubule-specific AR knockout mice have less intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition with more recruited M2 macrophages in the kidney compared with the wild-type mice. Results from the in vivo rat model using hydroxy-L-proline-induced CaOx crystals deposition also demonstrated that targeting the AR with ASC-J9® suppressed the intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition via increasing the renal macrophage recruitment/M2 polarization. Together, results from multiple preclinical studies using multiple in vitro cell lines and in vivo mouse/rat models all demonstrated that targeting the AR with a small molecule ASC-J9® may function via altering macrophage recruitment/M2 polarization to decrease the intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition, a key phenotype seen in many kidney stone disease patients with hyperoxaluria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510230, Guangzhou, China
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - Zhijian Zhao
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510230, Guangzhou, China
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - Fuju Chou
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - Li Zuo
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - Tongzu Liu
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - David Bushinsky
- Departments of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510230, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, and The Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14646, USA.
- Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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25
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Sikic D, Wirtz RM, Wach S, Dyrskjøt L, Erben P, Bolenz C, Breyer J, Otto W, Hoadley KA, Lerner SP, Eckstein M, Hartmann A, Keck B. Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Retrospective Analysis of Two Independent Cohorts. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:661-668. [PMID: 30831560 PMCID: PMC6403442 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Gender-specific differences have led to the androgen receptor (AR) being considered a possible factor in the pathophysiology of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB), but the exact role remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The association of AR mRNA expression with clinicopathological features was retrospectively analyzed in two previously described cohorts. The first cohort consisted of 41 patients with all stages of UCB treated at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. The second cohort consisted of 323 patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) accumulated by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network. RESULTS: AR mRNA expression is significantly higher in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) when compared to MIBC (P = .0004), with no relevant changes within the different stages of MIBC. AR mRNA expression was significantly associated with TCGA molecular subtypes (P < .0001). In the total cohort, there was no association between AR expression and gender (P = .23). When analyzed separately, females showed a significantly worse disease-free (P = .03) and overall survival (P = .02) when expressing AR mRNA above median level, while the same was not observed for men. Multivariable Cox's regression analyses revealed AR mRNA expression to be an independent prognostic marker for disease-free survival in women (P = .007). CONCLUSIONS: AR mRNA expression is significantly higher in NMIBC than in MIBC, while high AR mRNA expression is associated with worse survival in females with MIBC. Further studies need to investigate the gender-specific role of AR in UCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijel Sikic
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ralph M Wirtz
- STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Sven Wach
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Lars Dyrskjøt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Philipp Erben
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Christian Bolenz
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Katherine A Hoadley
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Seth P Lerner
- Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Bastian Keck
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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26
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Sjöström C, Thorstenson A, Ströck V, Hosseini-Aliabad A, Aljabery F, Liedberg F, Sherif A, Malmström PU, Rosell J, Gårdmark T, Jahnson S. Treatment according to guidelines may bridge the gender gap in outcome for patients with stage T1 urinary bladder cancer. Scand J Urol 2018; 52:186-193. [PMID: 29676191 DOI: 10.1080/21681805.2018.1462254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this investigation was to study differences between male and female patients with stage T1 urinary bladder cancer (UBC) regarding intravesical instillation therapy, second resection and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included all patients with non-metastatic primary T1 UBC reported to the Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC) from 1997 to 2014, excluding those treated with primary cystectomy. Differences between groups were evaluated using chi-squared tests and logistic regression, and survival was investigated using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS In all, 7681 patients with T1 UBC (77% male, 23% female) were included. Females were older than males at the time of diagnosis (median age at presentation 76 and 74 years, respectively; p < .001). A larger proportion of males than females underwent intravesical instillation therapy (39% vs 33%, p < .001). Relative survival was lower in women aged ≥75 years and women with G3 tumours compared to men. However, women aged ≥75 years who had T1G3 tumours and underwent second resection followed by intravesical instillation therapy showed a relative survival equal to that observed in men. CONCLUSIONS This population-based study demonstrates that women of all ages with T1 UBC undergo intravesical instillation therapy less frequently than men, and that relative survival is poorer in women aged ≥75 years than in men of the same age when intravesical instillation therapy and second resection are not used. However, these disparities may disappear with treatment according to guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carin Sjöström
- a Section of Urology, Department of Surgery , Capio S:t Göran's Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden.,b Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery , Section of Urology, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Andreas Thorstenson
- a Section of Urology, Department of Surgery , Capio S:t Göran's Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden.,b Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery , Section of Urology, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Viveka Ströck
- c Department of Urology , Sahlgrenska University Hospital , Göteborg , Sweden
| | | | - Firas Aljabery
- e Department of Urology , University Hospital and IKE, Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Fredrik Liedberg
- f Department of Translational Medicine , Lund University , Malmö , Sweden.,g Department of Urology , Skåne University Hospital , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Amir Sherif
- h Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Per-Uno Malmström
- i Department of Urology , Akademiska University Hospital , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Johan Rosell
- j Regional Cancer Center South East Sweden and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
| | - Truls Gårdmark
- k Section of Urology, Department of Surgery , Danderyd's Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden.,l Department of Clinical Sciences Danderyd's Hospital , Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Staffan Jahnson
- e Department of Urology , University Hospital and IKE, Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden
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27
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Jin R, Lin H, Li G, Xu J, Shi L, Chang C, Cai X. TR 4 nuclear receptor suppresses HCC cell invasion via downregulating the EphA2 expression. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:283. [PMID: 29449527 PMCID: PMC5833398 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Early studies indicated that testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) could function as a suppressor in the transcriptional regulation of the HBV core gene expression, which might then influence the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The direct linkage between TR4 and HCC progression, however, remained unclear. Here, via a human clinical sample survey, we found that 13 of the 18 HCC patients studied had lower TR4 expression in metastatic lesions than in matched primary HCC lesions, suggesting that TR4 may play a negative role in HCC metastasis. Results from in vitro cell migration/invasion studied confirmed that TR4 could suppress HCC cell migration/invasion. Mechanism dissection revealed that TR4 might function through downregulating ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) expression at the transcriptional level via direct binding to the TR4REs located on the 5' promoter of EphA2 to suppress HCC cell migration/invasion. Targeting the EphA2 via EphA2-siRNA partially reversed the enhanced HCC cell migration/invasion with confirmed TR4 knockdown. Notably, results from preclinical studies using in vivo mouse model with orthotopic xenograft of HCC LM3 cells also confirmed the in vitro findings. Taking these findings together, preclinical studies using multiple in vitro HCC cell lines and an in vivo mouse model all led to the conclusion that TR4 may function as a suppressor of HCC metastasis and that targeting this newly identified TR4-EphA2 signaling may improve our ability to suppress HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren'an Jin
- Chawnshang Chang Liver Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Chawnshang Chang Liver Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gonghui Li
- Chawnshang Chang Liver Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Chawnshang Chang Liver Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Chawnshang Chang Liver Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- Departments of Pathology and Urology and The Wilmot Cancer Center, George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Chawnshang Chang Liver Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine and Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Technique and Device, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
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28
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Shang Z, Li Y, Hsu I, Zhang M, Tian J, Wen S, Han R, Messing EM, Chang C, Niu Y, Yeh S. Targeting estrogen/estrogen receptor alpha enhances Bacillus Calmette-Guérin efficacy in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:27325-35. [PMID: 27092883 PMCID: PMC5053653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies showed the potential linkage of estrogen/estrogen receptor signaling with bladder tumorigenesis, yet detailed mechanisms remain elusive. Here we found a new potential therapy with the combination of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and the anti-estrogen ICI 182,780 led to better suppression of bladder cancer (BCa) than BCG alone. Mechanism dissection found ICI 182,780 could promote BCG attachment/internalization to the BCa cells through increased integrin-α5β1 expression and IL-6 release, which may enhance BCG-induced suppression of BCa cell growth via recruiting more monocytes/macrophages to BCa cells and increased TNF-α release. Consistently, in vivo studies found ICI 182,780 could potentiate the anti-BCa effects of BCG in the carcinogen-induced mouse BCa models. Together, these in vitro and in vivo results suggest that combining BCG with anti-estrogen may become a new therapeutic approach with better efficacy to suppress BCa progression and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqun Shang
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Yanjun Li
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Iawen Hsu
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Simeng Wen
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Ruifa Han
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Edward M Messing
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- Chawnshang Chang Sex Hormone Research Center, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology, Pathology and the Cancer Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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29
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Ren X, Fu X, Zhang X, Chen S, Huang S, Yao L, Liu G. Testosterone regulates 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation and epididymal fat accumulation in mice through modulating macrophage polarization. Biochem Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28642037 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Low testosterone levels are strongly related to obesity in males. The balance between the classically M1 and alternatively M2 polarized macrophages also plays a critical role in obesity. It is not clear whether testosterone regulates macrophage polarization and then affects adipocyte differentiation. In this report, we demonstrate that testosterone strengthens interleukin (IL) -4-induced M2 polarization and inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced M1 polarization, but has no direct effect on adipocyte differentiation. Cellular signaling studies indicate that testosterone regulates macrophage polarization through the inhibitory regulative G-protein (Gαi) mainly, rather than via androgen receptors, and phosphorylation of Akt. Moreover, testosterone inhibits pre-adipocyte differentiation induced by M1 macrophage medium. Lowering of serum testosterone in mice by injecting a luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) peptide increases epididymal white adipose tissue. Testosterone supplementation reverses this effect. Therefore, our findings indicate that testosterone inhibits pre-adipocyte differentiation by switching macrophages to M2 polarization through the Gαi and Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Ren
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Xiaojian Fu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Shiqiang Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Shuguang Huang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Lun Yao
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China.
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30
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John BA, Said N. Insights from animal models of bladder cancer: recent advances, challenges, and opportunities. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57766-57781. [PMID: 28915710 PMCID: PMC5593682 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (urothelial cancer of the bladder) is the most common malignancy affecting the urinary system with increasing incidence and mortality. Treatment of bladder cancer has not advanced in the past 30 years. Therefore, there is a crucial unmet need for novel therapies, especially for high grade/stage disease that can only be achieved by preclinical model systems that faithfully recapitulate the human disease. Animal models are essential elements in bladder cancer research to comprehensively study the multistep cascades of carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis. They allow for the investigation of premalignant phases of the disease that are not clinically encountered. They can be useful for identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for disease progression and for preclinical identification and validation of therapeutic targets/candidates, advancing translation of basic research to clinic. This review summarizes the latest advances in the currently available bladder cancer animal models, their translational potential, merits and demerits, and the prevalent tumor evaluation modalities. Thereby, findings from these model systems would provide valuable information that can help researchers and clinicians utilize the model that best answers their research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bincy Anu John
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Neveen Said
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Teymouri M, Barati N, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Biological and pharmacological evaluation of dimethoxycurcumin: A metabolically stable curcumin analogue with a promising therapeutic potential. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:124-140. [PMID: 27996095 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dimethoxycurcumin (DiMC) is a synthetic analog of curcumin with superior inter-related pro-oxidant and anti-cancer activity, and metabolic stability. Numerous studies have shown that DiMC reserves the biologically beneficial features, including anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and cytoprotective properties, almost to the same extent as curcumin exhibits. DiMC lacks the phenolic-OH groups as opposed to curcumin, dimethoxycurcumin, and bis-demethoxycurcumin that all vary in the number of methoxy groups per molecule, and has drawn the attentions of researchers who attempted to discover the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of curcumin. In this regard, tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), the reduced and biologically inert metabolite of curcumin, denotes the significance of the conjugated α,β diketone moiety for the curcumin activity. DiMC exerts unique molecular activities compared to curcumin, including induction of androgen receptor (AR) degradation and suppression of the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1). The enhanced AR degradation on DiMC treatment suggests it as a novel anticancer agent against resistant tumors with androgenic etiology. Further, DiMC might be a potential treatment for acne vulgaris. DiMC induces epigenetic alteration more effectively than curcumin, although both showed no direct DNA hypomethylating activity. Given the metabolic stability, nanoparticulation of DiMC is more promising for in vivo effectiveness. However, studies in this regard are still in its infancy. In the current review, we portray the various molecular and biological functions of DiMC reported so far. Whenever possible, the efficiency is compared with curcumin and the reasons for DiMC being more metabolically stable are elaborated. We also provide future perspective investigations with respect to varying DiMC-nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manouchehr Teymouri
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nastaran Barati
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhosein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mizushima T, Tirador KA, Miyamoto H. Androgen receptor activation: a prospective therapeutic target for bladder cancer? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:249-257. [PMID: 28064545 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1280468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with non-muscle-invasive or muscle-invasive bladder cancer undergoing surgery and currently available conventional therapy remain having a high risk of tumor recurrence or progression, respectively. Novel targeted molecular therapy is therefore expected to improve patient outcomes. Meanwhile, substantially higher incidence of bladder cancer in men has prompted research on androgen-mediated androgen receptor (AR) signaling in this malignancy. Indeed, preclinical evidence has suggested that AR signaling plays an important role in urothelial carcinogenesis and tumor outgrowth as well as resistance to some of the currently available conventional non-surgical therapies. Areas covered: We summarize and discuss available data suggesting the involvement of AR and its potential downstream targets in the development and progression of bladder cancer. Associations between AR signaling and sensitivity to cisplatin/doxorubicin or bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment are also reviewed. Expert opinion: AR activation is likely to correlate with the promotion of urothelial carcinogenesis and cancer outgrowth as well as resistance to conventional therapies. Molecular therapy targeting the AR may thus provide effective chemopreventive and therapeutic approaches for urothelial cancer. Accordingly, bladder cancer can now be considered as an endocrine-related neoplasm. Clinical application of various anti-AR therapies available for AR-dependent prostate cancer to bladder cancer patients is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Mizushima
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA.,b Wilmot Cancer Institute , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA
| | - Kathleen A Tirador
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA.,b Wilmot Cancer Institute , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA.,c Department of Urology , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA
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ASC-J9(®) suppresses castration resistant prostate cancer progression via degrading the enzalutamide-induced androgen receptor mutant AR-F876L. Cancer Lett 2016; 379:154-60. [PMID: 27233475 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with the newly developed powerful anti-androgen enzalutamide (Enz, also known as MDV3100) has promising therapeutic effects to suppress castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and extending patients' lives an extra 4.8 months. However, most Enz therapy eventually fails with the development of Enz resistance. The detailed mechanisms how CRPC develops Enz resistance remain unclear and may involve multiple mechanisms. Among them, the induction of the androgen receptor (AR) mutant AR-F876L in some CRPC patients may represent one driving force that confers Enz resistance. Here, we demonstrate that the AR degradation enhancer, ASC-J9(®), not only degrades wild-type AR, but also has the ability to target AR-F876L. The consequence of suppressing AR-F876L may then abrogate AR-F876L mediated CRPC cell proliferation and metastasis. Thus, developing ASC-J9(®) as a new therapeutic approach may represent a novel therapy to better suppress CRPC that has already developed Enz resistance.
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Godoy G, Gakis G, Smith CL, Fahmy O. Effects of Androgen and Estrogen Receptor Signaling Pathways on Bladder Cancer Initiation and Progression. Bladder Cancer 2016; 2:127-137. [PMID: 27376135 PMCID: PMC4927898 DOI: 10.3233/blc-160052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have long demonstrated clear differences in incidence and progression of bladder cancer between genders suggesting that the mechanisms of development and progression in these tumors have a strong association with steroid hormonal pathways. Such observations led to preclinical studies investigating the role of androgen and estrogen receptors, as well as their cognate hormones in bladder cancer initiation and progression. Using various in vitro cell line assays and in vivo mouse models, studies have elucidated different mechanisms and signaling pathways through which these steroid receptors may participate in this disease. More recently, RNA expression data from multiple studies revealed a luminal subtype of bladder cancer that exhibited an estrogen receptor signaling pathway, making it a strong candidate for further consideration of targeted therapies in the future. Despite the promising preclinical data demonstrating potential roles for both antiandrogen and antiestrogen strategies targeting these pathways in different stages of bladder cancer, only two clinical trials are currently active and accruing patients for such clinical studies. Targeted therapies in bladder cancer are a large unmet need and have the potential to change treatment paradigms and improve oncological outcomes of patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Godoy
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Georgios Gakis
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls University , Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Carolyn L Smith
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Omar Fahmy
- Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls University , Tuebingen, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward M. Messing
- Correspondence to: Edward M. Messing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA. E-mail:
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