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Shimizu T, Sagara A, Fukuchi Y, Muto A. Single‑agent nintedanib suppresses metastatic osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting tumor vascular formation. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:123. [PMID: 38348384 PMCID: PMC10859826 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic approaches are needed for osteosarcoma, which is the most common malignancy of the bone, especially for metastatic cases. Nintedanib is a potent, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which blocks a variety of receptor signals, including fibroblast growth factor receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. The present study assessed the effect of nintedanib on previously developed mouse AXT osteosarcoma cells, and on AXT-derived osteosarcoma developed in C57BL/6 mice, which displays lethal tumors with osteoid formation and lung metastatic lesions that mimics human disease. In vitro analysis, including flow cytometry and immunoblotting, revealed that nintedanib inhibited AXT cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, induced apoptosis, and inactivated AKT and ERK1/2. Immunoblot analysis using tumor lysates demonstrated that nintedanib inhibited its target molecules in vivo. As a single agent, nintedanib decreased the size of primary AXT-derived osteosarcoma, and reduced circulating tumor cells and lung metastasis. Immunohistochemical findings indicated that nintedanib exerted antitumor activity mainly by inhibiting the formation of CD31-positive tumor vasculature, while αSMA-positive cells were still enriched in tumors after nintedanib treatment. In addition, nintedanib exhibited an anti-osteosarcoma effect on C57BL/6 severe combined immunodeficient mice in which T- and B-cell function is obsolete, suggesting that the antitumor effect of nintedanib was not attributable to antitumor immunity. Collectively, these findings indicated that nintedanib holds potential for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsune Shimizu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Atsunobu Sagara
- Division of Applied Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yumi Fukuchi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Muto
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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2
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Yoshimura N, Kariya R, Shimada M, Tateyama M, Matsunaga H, Shibata Y, Tanimura S, Takata K, Arima T, Kawakami J, Maeda K, Fukuma Y, Uragami M, Ideo K, Sugimoto K, Yonemitsu R, Matsushita K, Hisanaga S, Yugami M, Uehara Y, Masuda T, Nakamura T, Tokunaga T, Karasugi T, Sueyoshi T, Sato H, Iwakura Y, Araki K, Kobayashi E, Okada S, Miyamoto T. The IL-17-IL-17RA axis is required to promote osteosarcoma progression in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21572. [PMID: 38062130 PMCID: PMC10703823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is rare but is the most common bone tumor. Diagnostic tools such as magnetic resonance imaging development of chemotherapeutic agents have increased the survival rate in osteosarcoma patients, although 5-year survival has plateaued at 70%. Thus, development of new treatment approaches is needed. Here, we report that IL-17, a proinflammatory cytokine, increases osteosarcoma mortality in a mouse model with AX osteosarcoma cells. AX cell transplantation into wild-type mice resulted in 100% mortality due to ectopic ossification and multi-organ metastasis. However, AX cell transplantation into IL-17-deficient mice significantly prolonged survival relative to controls. CD4-positive cells adjacent to osteosarcoma cells express IL-17, while osteosarcoma cells express the IL-17 receptor IL-17RA. Although AX cells can undergo osteoblast differentiation, as can patient osteosarcoma cells, IL-17 significantly inhibited that differentiation, indicating that IL-17 maintains AX cells in the undifferentiated state seen in malignant tumors. By contrast, IL-17RA-deficient mice transplanted with AX cells showed survival comparable to wild-type mice transplanted with AX cells. Biopsy specimens collected from osteosarcoma patients showed higher expression of IL-17RA compared to IL-17. These findings suggest that IL-17 is essential to maintain osteosarcoma cells in an undifferentiated state and could be a therapeutic target for suppressing tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yoshimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryusho Kariya
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Koube, 650-8586, Japan
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Makoto Tateyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hideto Matsunaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuto Shibata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Tanimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kosei Takata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Junki Kawakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Fukuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaru Uragami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Ideo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sugimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryuji Yonemitsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kozo Matsushita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hisanaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Yugami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yusuke Uehara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Masuda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takuya Tokunaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Karasugi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takanao Sueyoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiro Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Division of Experimental Animal Immunology, Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-Shi, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Eisuke Kobayashi
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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3
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Depletion of R270C Mutant p53 in Osteosarcoma Attenuates Cell Growth but Does Not Prevent Invasion and Metastasis In Vivo. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223614. [PMID: 36429043 PMCID: PMC9688353 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel therapeutic targets are needed to better treat osteosarcoma, which is the most common bone malignancy. We previously developed mouse osteosarcoma cells, designated AX (accelerated bone formation) cells from bone marrow stromal cells. AX cells harbor both wild-type and mutant forms of p53 (R270C in the DNA-binding domain, which is equivalent to human R273C). In this study, we showed that mutant p53 did not suppress the transcriptional activation function of wild-type p53 in AX cells. Notably, AXT cells, which are cells derived from tumors originating from AX cells, lost wild-type p53 expression, were devoid of the intact transcription activation function, and were resistant to doxorubicin. ChIP-seq analyses revealed that this mutant form of p53 bound to chromatin in the vicinity of the transcription start sites of various genes but exhibited a different binding profile from wild-type p53. The knockout of mutant p53 in AX and AXT cells by CRISPR-Cas9 attenuated tumor growth but did not affect the invasion of these cells. In addition, depletion of mutant p53 did not prevent metastasis in vivo. Therefore, the therapeutic potency targeting R270C (equivalent to human R273C) mutant p53 is limited in osteosarcoma. However, considering the heterogeneous nature of osteosarcoma, it is important to further evaluate the biological and clinical significance of mutant p53 in various cases.
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Martella E, Dozza B, Ferroni C, Obeyok CO, Guerrini A, Tedesco D, Manet I, Sotgiu G, Columbaro M, Ballestri M, Martini L, Fini M, Lucarelli E, Varchi G, Duchi S. Two Beats One: Osteosarcoma Therapy with Light-Activated and Chemo-Releasing Keratin Nanoformulation in a Preclinical Mouse Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030677. [PMID: 35336051 PMCID: PMC8950553 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma treatment is moving towards more effective combination therapies. Nevertheless, these approaches present distinctive challenges that can complicate the clinical translation, such as increased toxicity and multi-drug resistance. Drug co-encapsulation within a nanoparticle formulation can overcome these challenges and improve the therapeutic index. We previously synthetized keratin nanoparticles functionalized with Chlorin-e6 (Ce6) and paclitaxel (PTX) to combine photo (PDT) and chemotherapy (PTX) regimens, and the inhibition of osteosarcoma cells growth in vitro was demonstrated. In the current study, we generated an orthotopic osteosarcoma murine model for the preclinical evaluation of our combination therapy. To achieve maximum reproducibility, we systematically established key parameters, such as the number of cells to generate the tumor, the nanoparticles dose, the design of the light-delivery device, the treatment schedule, and the irradiation settings. A 60% engrafting rate was obtained using 10 million OS cells inoculated intratibial, with the tumor model recapitulating the histological hallmarks of the human counterpart. By scheduling the treatment as two cycles of injections, a 32% tumor reduction was obtained with PTX mono-therapy and a 78% reduction with the combined PTX-PDT therapy. Our findings provide the in vivo proof of concept for the subsequent clinical development of a combination therapy to fight osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martella
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Barbara Dozza
- Rizzoli Laboratory Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudia Ferroni
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Clement Osuru Obeyok
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Andrea Guerrini
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Daniele Tedesco
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Ilse Manet
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giovanna Sotgiu
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Electron Microscopy Platform, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Ballestri
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Lucia Martini
- Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Milena Fini
- Complex Structure Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Regenerative Therapies in Oncology of the Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Greta Varchi
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (S.D.); Tel.: +39-051-6398283 (G.V.)
| | - Serena Duchi
- Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy; (E.M.); (C.F.); (C.O.O.); (A.G.); (D.T.); (I.M.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (S.D.); Tel.: +39-051-6398283 (G.V.)
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5
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CAR T targets and microenvironmental barriers of osteosarcoma. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:567-576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kim HS, Kim HJ, Hwang HJ, Ahn JH, Do SH. Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120307. [PMID: 34941834 PMCID: PMC8707392 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Despite its malignancy, the dog showed no sign of recurrence or metastasis three months after the resection. Further analysis of the tumor cells revealed a high expression of proliferation- and metastasis-related biomarkers in the absence of angiogenesis-related biomarkers, suggesting that the lack of angiogenesis and the elevated tumor-associated fibrosis resulted in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment and prevented metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Hyun-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- Waltz Animal Hospital, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07411, Korea;
| | - Sun-Hee Do
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-3706
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Shimizu T, Kimura K, Sugihara E, Yamaguchi-Iwai S, Nobusue H, Sampetrean O, Otsuki Y, Fukuchi Y, Saitoh K, Kato K, Soga T, Muto A, Saya H. MEK inhibition preferentially suppresses anchorage-independent growth in osteosarcoma cells and decreases tumors in vivo. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2732-2743. [PMID: 33751653 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common high-grade malignancy of bone, and novel therapeutic options are urgently required. Previously, we developed mouse osteosarcoma AXT cells that can proliferate both under adherent and nonadherent conditions. Based on metabolite levels, nonadherent conditions were more similar to the in vivo environment than adherent conditions. A drug screen identified MEK inhibitors, including trametinib, that preferentially decreased the viability of nonadherent AXT cells. Trametinib inhibited the cell cycle and induced apoptosis in AXT cells, and both effects were stronger under nonadherent conditions. Trametinib also potently decreased viability in U2OS cells, but its effects were less prominent in MG63 or Saos2 cells. By contrast, MG63 and Saos2 cells were more sensitive to PI3K inhibition than AXT or U2OS cells. Notably, the combination of MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) and PI3K inhibition synergistically decreased viability in U2OS and AXT cells, but this effect was less pronounced in MG63 or Saos2 cells. Therefore, signal dependence for cell survival and crosstalk between MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT pathways in osteosarcoma are cell context-dependent. The activation status of other kinases including CREB varied in a cell context-dependent manner, which might determine the response to MEK inhibition. A single dose of trametinib was sufficient to decrease the size of the primary tumor and circulating tumor cells in vivo. Moreover, combined administration of trametinib and rapamycin or conventional anticancer drugs further increased antitumor activity. Thus, given optimal biomarkers for predicting its effects, trametinib holds therapeutic potential for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsune Shimizu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Kimura
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugihara
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sayaka Yamaguchi-Iwai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nobusue
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Oltea Sampetrean
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Otsuki
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Fukuchi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Saitoh
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Kato
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Muto
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Zhou H, Cao L, Wang C, Fang C, Wu H, Liu C. miR-877-3p inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis of osteosarcoma through Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 signaling. Bioengineered 2021; 13:8174-8186. [PMID: 34738872 PMCID: PMC9162015 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1982305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common high-grade malignant bone tumor in teenagers. MicroRNAs can function as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression, playing critical roles in cancer dev-877-3p in OS. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was carried out for detecting miR-877-3p expression in OS. The effects of miR-877-3p on proliferation was analyzed via MTT, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays. Angiogenesis of endothelial cells were investigated by wound healing and tube formation assay. Gene profiling based on PCR array and luciferase reporter assay were conducted to determine target genes of miR-877-3p. In-vivo study was used to determine the effects of miR-877-3p on the tumor growth. The expression of miR-877-3p was markedly downregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Low expression of miR-877-3p predicts poor prognosis of OS patients. miR-877-3p overexpression was found to inhibit the proliferation of OS cell lines. The angiogenesis assays showed that miR-877-3p attenuated the angiogenesis. Further mechanism studies showed that miR-877-3p can reduce (Fibroblast Growth Factor 2) FGF2 expression in OS cells by binding to the 3’UTR end of FGF2. Moreover, increased expression of miR-877-3p was responsible for the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis. Taken together, our findings indicated that miR-877-3p might exhibit tumor suppressive role by targeting FGF2 signaling, which may serve as potential target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi Fang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - HaiHui Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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9
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Yang B, Li L, Tong G, Zeng Z, Tan J, Su Z, Liu Z, Lin J, Gao W, Chen J, Zeng S, Wu G, Li L, Zhu S, Liu Q, Lin L. Circular RNA circ_001422 promotes the progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma via the miR-195-5p/FGF2/PI3K/Akt axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:235. [PMID: 34271943 PMCID: PMC8283840 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in diverse processes that drive cancer development. However, the expression landscape and mechanistic function of circRNAs in osteosarcoma (OS) remain to be studied. Methods Bioinformatic analysis and high-throughput RNA sequencing tools were employed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs between OS and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The expression level of circ_001422 in clinical specimens and cell lines was measured using qRT-PCR. The association of circ_001422 expression with the clinicopathologic features of 55 recruited patients with OS was analyzed. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments were conducted to explore the role of circ_001422 in OS cells. RNA immunoprecipitation, fluorescence in situ hybridization, bioinformatics database analysis, RNA pulldown assays, dual-luciferase reporter assays, mRNA sequencing, and rescue experiments were conducted to decipher the competitive endogenous RNA regulatory network controlled by circ_001422. Results We characterized a novel and abundant circRNA, circ_001422, that promoted OS progression. Circ_001422 expression was dramatically increased in OS cell lines and tissues compared with noncancerous samples. Higher circ_001422 expression correlated with more advanced clinical stage, larger tumor size, higher incidence of distant metastases and poorer overall survival in OS patients. Circ_001422 knockdown markedly repressed the proliferation and metastasis and promoted the apoptosis of OS cells in vivo and in vitro, whereas circ_001422 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. Mechanistically, competitive interactions between circ_001422 and miR-195-5p elevated FGF2 expression while also initiating PI3K/Akt signaling. These events enhanced the malignant characteristics of OS cells. Conclusions Circ_001422 accelerates OS tumorigenesis and metastasis by modulating the miR-195-5p/FGF2/PI3K/Akt axis, implying that circ_001422 can be therapeutically targeted to treat OS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02027-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng Yang
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Lutao Li
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Ge Tong
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhirui Zeng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550009, China
| | - Jianye Tan
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Zexin Su
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Jiezhao Lin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sisi Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guofeng Wu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Qiuzhen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lijun Lin
- Department of Joint and Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Osteosarcoma: 2019 Update. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:141-155. [PMID: 32767239 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The primary conclusions of our 2014 contribution to this series were as follows: Multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) likely contribute to aggressive phenotypes in osteosarcoma and, therefore, inhibition of multiple RTKs is likely necessary for successful clinical outcomes. Inhibition of multiple RTKs may also be useful to overcome resistance to inhibitors of individual RTKs as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapies. Different combinations of RTKs are likely important in individual patients. AXL, EPHB2, FGFR2, IGF1R, and RET were identified as promising therapeutic targets by our in vitro phosphoproteomic/siRNA screen of 42 RTKs in the highly metastatic LM7 and 143B human osteosarcoma cell lines. This chapter is intended to provide an update on these topics as well as the large number of osteosarcoma clinical studies of inhibitors of multiple tyrosine kinases (multi-TKIs) that were recently published.
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11
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Matsuzaki Y, Maruta R, Takaki K, Kotani E, Kato Y, Yoshimura R, Endo Y, Whitty C, Pernstich C, Gandhi R, Jones M, Mori H. Sustained Neurotrophin Release from Protein Nanoparticles Mediated by Matrix Metalloproteinases Induces the Alignment and Differentiation of Nerve Cells. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100510. [PMID: 31546991 PMCID: PMC6843502 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial and temporal availability of cytokines, and the microenvironments this creates, is critical to tissue development and homeostasis. Creating concentration gradients in vitro using soluble proteins is challenging as they do not provide a self-sustainable source. To mimic the sustained cytokine secretion seen in vivo from the extracellular matrix (ECM), we encapsulated a cargo protein into insect virus-derived proteins to form nanoparticle co-crystals and studied the release of this cargo protein mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-8. Specifically, when nerve growth factor (NGF), a neurotrophin, was encapsulated into nanoparticles, its release was promoted by MMPs secreted by a PC12 neuronal cell line. When these NGF nanoparticles were spotted onto a cover slip to create a uniform circular field, movement and alignment of PC12 cells via their extended axons along the periphery of the NGF nanoparticle field was observed. Neural cell differentiation was confirmed by the expression of specific markers of tau, neurofilament, and GAP-43. Connections between the extended axons and the growth cones were also observed, and expression of connexin 43 was consistent with the formation of gap junctions. Extensions and connection of very fine filopodia occurred between growth cones. Our studies indicate that crystalline protein nanoparticles can be utilized to generate a highly stable cytokine gradient microenvironment that regulates the alignment and differentiation of nerve cells. This technique greatly simplifies the creation of protein concentration gradients and may lead to therapies for neuronal injuries and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Matsuzaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Rina Maruta
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Keiko Takaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Eiji Kotani
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Yasuko Kato
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Yasuhisa Endo
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Ciara Whitty
- Cell Guidance Systems, Maia Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Christian Pernstich
- Cell Guidance Systems, Maia Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Raj Gandhi
- Cell Guidance Systems, Maia Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Michael Jones
- Cell Guidance Systems, Maia Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Hajime Mori
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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Kauffmann P, Troeltzsch M, Brockmeyer P, Bohnenberger H, Heidekrüger PI, Manzke M, Canis M, Gaayathiri S, Schliephake H, Prantl L, Aung T. First experience of chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay in the clinical work flow with oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 70:487-494. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-189315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kauffmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georgia Augusta University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Troeltzsch
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georgia Augusta University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georgia Augusta University, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Paul I. Heidekrüger
- Center of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marietta Manzke
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Germany
| | | | - Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georgia Augusta University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Center of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thiha Aung
- Center of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Schiano C, Soricelli A, De Nigris F, Napoli C. New challenges in integrated diagnosis by imaging and osteo-immunology in bone lesions. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15:289-301. [PMID: 30570412 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1561283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-resolution imaging is the gold standard to measure the functional and biological features of bone lesions. Imaging markers have allowed the characterization both of tumour heterogeneity and metabolic data. Besides, ongoing studies are evaluating a combined use of 'imaging markers', such as SUVs, MATV, TLG, ADC from PET and MRI techniques respectively, and several 'biomarkers' spanning from chemokine immune-modulators, such as PD-1, RANK/RANKL, CXCR4/CXCL12 to transcription factors, such as TP53, RB1, MDM2, RUNX family, EZH2, YY1, MAD2. Osteoimmunology may improve diagnosis and prognosis leading to precision medicine in bone lesion treatment. Areas covered: We investigated modalities (molecular and imaging approach) useful to identify bone lesions deriving both from primary bone tumours and from osteotropic tumours, which have a higher incidence, prevalence and prognosis. Here, we summarized the recent advances in imaging techniques and osteoimmunology biomarkers which could play a pivotal role in personalized treatment. Expert commentary: Although imaging and molecular integration could allow both early diagnosis and stratification of cancer prognosis, large scale clinical trials will be necessary to translate pilot studies in the current clinical setting. ABBREVIATIONS ADC: apparent diffusion coefficient; ALCAM: Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule; ALP: Alkaline phosphatases; BC: Breast cancer; BSAP: B-Cell Lineage Specific Activator; BSAP: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; BSP: bone sialoprotein; CRIP1: cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1; CD44: cluster of differentiation 44; CT: computed tomography; CXCL12: C-X-C motif ligand 12; CXCR4: C-X-C C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4; CTX-1: C-terminal end of the telopeptide of type I collagen; DC: dendritic cell; DWI: Diffusion-weighted MR image; EMT: mesenchymal transition; ET-1: endothelin-1; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; FDG: 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; FOXC2: forkhead box protein C2: HK-2: hexokinase-2; ICTP: carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen; IGF-1R: Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor; ILC: innate lymphocytes cells; LC: lung cancer; IL-1: interleukin-1; LYVE1: lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1; MAD2: mitotic arrest deficient 2; MATV: metabolically active tumour volume; M-CSF: macrophage colony stimulating factor; MM: multiple myeloma; MIP1a: macrophage inflammatory protein 1a; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PC: prostate cancer; NRP2: neuropilin 2; OPG: osteoprotogerin; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; PD-1: Programmed Cell Death 1; PET: positron emission tomography; PINP: procollagen type I N propeptide; PROX1: prospero homeobox protein 1; PSA: Prostate-specific antigen; PTH: parathyroid hormone; RANK: Receptor activator of NF-kB ligand; RECK: Reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein; SEMAs: semaphorins; SPECT: single photon computed tomography; SUV: standard uptake value; TLG: total lesion glycolysis; TP53: tumour protein 53; VCAM-1: vascular endothelial molecule-1; VOI: volume of interest; YY1: Yin Yang 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Schiano
- a Department of Biochemical and Clinical Diagnostic , IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- a Department of Biochemical and Clinical Diagnostic , IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy.,b Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness , University of Naples Parthenope , Naples , Italy
| | - Filomena De Nigris
- c Department of Precision Medicine , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- a Department of Biochemical and Clinical Diagnostic , IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy.,d Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Sciences , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
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14
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Leukaemia inhibitory factor is associated with treatment resistance in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33634-33647. [PMID: 30263091 PMCID: PMC6154751 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer is an aggressive disease with a poor 5 year survival rate of <20% of diagnosed patients. Unfortunately, only 20-30% Oesophageal Adenocarinoma (OAC) patients show a beneficial response to neoadjuvant therapy (neoCT). Inflammation influences OAC given the increased risk of cancer development and poor outcome for obese patients where altered secretion of adipokines and cytokines from adipose tissue contributes a pro-tumourigenic environment. We carried out a large proteomics screen of 184 proteins to compare the inflammatory and oncogenic profiles of an isogenic radioresistant in-vitro model of OAC. We found that leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an IL-6 type cytokine, was significantly elevated in radioresistant OAC cells (p=0.007). Furthermore, significantly higher circulating levels of LIF were present in the serum from treatment-naive OAC patients who had a subsequent poor pathological response to neo-adjuvant therapy, (p=0.037). Quantitative PCR analysis revealed expression of LIF receptor (LIFR) may function as a predictive indicator of response to neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy in OAC. LIF was demonstrated to be actively secreted from human OAC treatment-naïve biopsies and significantly correlated with the secretion of bFGF, VEGF-A and IL-8 (p<0.05, R=1), (p<0.05, R=0.9429), and (p<0.05, R=1) respectively. Importantly, LIF secretion negatively correlated with tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in pre-treatment OAC patient biopsies, (r=-0.8783, p=0.033). Elevated circulating LIF is a marker of poor response to neo-adjuvant treatment in OAC and secretion of this chemokine from the tumour is tightly linked with pro-tumourigenic mediators including bFGF, VEGF-A and IL-8. Targeting this pathway may be a novel mechanism enhance neoadjuvant treatment responses in OAC.
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15
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Evola FR, Costarella L, Pavone V, Caff G, Cannavò L, Sessa A, Avondo S, Sessa G. Biomarkers of Osteosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Ewing Sarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:150. [PMID: 28439237 PMCID: PMC5383728 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant bone neoplasm, followed by chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The diagnosis of bone neoplasms is generally made through histological evaluation of a biopsy. Clinical and radiological features are also important in aiding diagnosis and to complete the staging of bone cancer. In addition to these, there are several non-specific serological or specific molecular markers for bone neoplasms. In bone tumors, molecular markers increase the accuracy of the diagnosis and assist in subtyping bone tumors. Here, we review these markers and discuss their role in the diagnosis and prognosis of the three most frequent malignant bone neoplasms, namely osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco R Evola
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Luciano Costarella
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Vito Pavone
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caff
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Luca Cannavò
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Andrea Sessa
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Sergio Avondo
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sessa
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
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Weekes D, Kashima TG, Zandueta C, Perurena N, Thomas DP, Sunters A, Vuillier C, Bozec A, El-Emir E, Miletich I, Patiño-Garcia A, Lecanda F, Grigoriadis AE. Regulation of osteosarcoma cell lung metastasis by the c-Fos/AP-1 target FGFR1. Oncogene 2016; 35:2852-61. [PMID: 26387545 PMCID: PMC4688957 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of the skeleton and is prevalent in children and adolescents. Survival rates are poor and have remained stagnant owing to chemoresistance and the high propensity to form lung metastases. In this study, we used in vivo transgenic models of c-fos oncogene-induced osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma in addition to c-Fos-inducible systems in vitro to investigate downstream signalling pathways that regulate osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. Fgfr1 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) was identified as a novel c-Fos/activator protein-1(AP-1)-regulated gene. Induction of c-Fos in vitro in osteoblasts and chondroblasts caused an increase in Fgfr1 RNA and FGFR1 protein expression levels that resulted in increased and sustained activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), morphological transformation and increased anchorage-independent growth in response to FGF2 ligand treatment. High levels of FGFR1 protein and activated pFRS2α signalling were observed in murine and human osteosarcomas. Pharmacological inhibition of FGFR1 signalling blocked MAPK activation and colony growth of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Orthotopic injection in vivo of FGFR1-silenced osteosarcoma cells caused a marked twofold to fivefold decrease in spontaneous lung metastases. Similarly, inhibition of FGFR signalling in vivo with the small-molecule inhibitor AZD4547 markedly reduced the number and size of metastatic nodules. Thus deregulated FGFR signalling has an important role in osteoblast transformation and osteosarcoma formation and regulates the development of lung metastases. Our findings support the development of anti-FGFR inhibitors as potential antimetastatic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Weekes
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Takeshi G Kashima
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Carolina Zandueta
- Division of Oncology, Adhesion and Metastasis Laboratory, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Naiara Perurena
- Division of Oncology, Adhesion and Metastasis Laboratory, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - David P Thomas
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Andrew Sunters
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Céline Vuillier
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ethaar El-Emir
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Isabelle Miletich
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, UK
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Division of Oncology, Adhesion and Metastasis Laboratory, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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Avril P, Le Nail LR, Brennan MÁ, Rosset P, De Pinieux G, Layrolle P, Heymann D, Perrot P, Trichet V. Mesenchymal stem cells increase proliferation but do not change quiescent state of osteosarcoma cells: Potential implications according to the tumor resection status. J Bone Oncol 2015; 5:5-14. [PMID: 26998421 PMCID: PMC4782020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapy of primary bone tumors includes surgical excision with wide resection, which leads to physical and aesthetic defects. For reconstruction of bone and joints, allografts can be supplemented with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Similarly, adipose tissue transfer (ATT) is supplemented with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to improve the efficient grafting in the correction of soft tissue defects. MSC-like cells may also be used in tumor-targeted cell therapy. However, MSC may have adverse effects on sarcoma development. In the present study, human ADSCs, MSCs and pre-osteoclasts were co-injected with human MNNG-HOS osteosarcoma cells in immunodeficient mice. ADSCs and MSCs, but not the osteoclast precursors, accelerated the local proliferation of MNNG-HOS osteosarcoma cells. However, the osteolysis and the metastasis process were not exacerbated by ADSCs, MSCs, or pre-osteoclasts. In vitro proliferation of MNNG-HOS and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells was increased up to 2-fold in the presence of ADSC-conditioned medium. In contrast, ADSC-conditioned medium did not change the dormant, quiescent state of osteosarcoma cells cultured in oncospheres. Due to the enhancing effect of ADSCs/MSCs on in vivo/in vitro proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, MSCs may not be good candidates for osteosarcoma-targeted cell therapy. Although conditioned medium of ADSCs accelerated the cell cycle of proliferating osteosarcoma cells, it did not change the quiescent state of dormant osteosarcoma cells, indicating that ADSC-secreted factors may not be involved in the risk of local recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Avril
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France
| | - Louis-Romée Le Nail
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France; University Hospital, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, Tours F-37044, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37044, France
| | - Meadhbh Á Brennan
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France
| | - Philippe Rosset
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France; University Hospital, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, Tours F-37044, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37044, France
| | - Gonzague De Pinieux
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37044, France; University Hospital, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Tours F-37044, France
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France
| | - Pierre Perrot
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France; University Hospital, Service de Chirurgie Plastique et des Brûlés, Nantes F-44093, France
| | - Valérie Trichet
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes F-44035, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes F-44035, France
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Validated prediction of pro-invasive growth factors using a transcriptome-wide invasion signature derived from a complex 3D invasion assay. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12673. [PMID: 26243655 PMCID: PMC4525140 DOI: 10.1038/srep12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion of activated fibroblasts represents a key pathomechanism in fibrotic diseases, carcinogenesis and metastasis. Invading fibroblasts contribute to fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and the initiation, progression, or resistance of cancer. To construct transcriptome-wide signatures of fibroblast invasion, we used a multiplex phenotypic 3D invasion assay using lung fibroblasts. Microarray-based gene expression profiles of invading and non-invading fibroblasts demonstrated that 1,049 genes were differentially regulated (>1.5-fold). Unbiased pathway analysis (Ingenuity) identified significant enrichment for the functional clusters 'invasion of cells', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis', and 'metastasis'. Matrix metalloprotease 13 (MMP13), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Caveolin (Cav) 1, Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (Pten), and secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp) 1 were among the highest regulated genes, confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western Blotting. We next performed in silico analysis (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) to predict mediators that induced fibroblast invasion. Of these, TGFβ1, epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB were tested in our 3D invasion assay and found to significantly induce invasion, thus validating the transcriptome profile. Accordingly, our transcriptomic invasion signature describes the invading fibroblast phenotype in unprecedented detail and provides a tool for future functional studies of cell invasion and therapeutic modulation thereof using complex phenotypic assays.
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Alfranca A, Martinez-Cruzado L, Tornin J, Abarrategi A, Amaral T, de Alava E, Menendez P, Garcia-Castro J, Rodriguez R. Bone microenvironment signals in osteosarcoma development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3097-113. [PMID: 25935149 PMCID: PMC11113487 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The bone is a complex connective tissue composed of many different cell types such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells, among others. The interaction between them is finely balanced through the processes of bone formation and bone remodeling, which regulates the production and biological activity of many soluble factors and extracellular matrix components needed to maintain the bone homeostasis in terms of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Osteosarcoma (OS) emerges in this complex environment as a result of poorly defined oncogenic events arising in osteogenic lineage precursors. Increasing evidence supports that similar to normal development, the bone microenvironment (BME) underlies OS initiation and progression. Here, we recapitulate the physiological processes that regulate bone homeostasis and review the current knowledge about how OS cells and BME communicate and interact, describing how these interactions affect OS cell growth, metastasis, cancer stem cell fate and therapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantzazu Alfranca
- Unidad de Biotecnología Celular, Área de Genética Humana, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Martinez-Cruzado
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Tornin
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ander Abarrategi
- Unidad de Biotecnología Celular, Área de Genética Humana, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Teresa Amaral
- Molecular Pathology Program, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (IBSAL-CIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Pathology and Biobank, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique de Alava
- Molecular Pathology Program, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (IBSAL-CIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Pathology and Biobank, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Pablo Menendez
- Cell Therapy Program, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituciò Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Garcia-Castro
- Unidad de Biotecnología Celular, Área de Genética Humana, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rene Rodriguez
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Manjunathan R, Ragunathan M. Chicken chorioallantoic membrane as a reliable model to evaluate osteosarcoma-an experimental approach using SaOS2 cell line. Biol Proced Online 2015; 17:10. [PMID: 26109911 PMCID: PMC4479062 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-015-0022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common primary tumor that affects usually children. Due to its cellular complex and osteoid formation it is very difficult to understand the mechanism behind the progressiveness of osteosarcoma. Various animal models are available to study the issue but they are time consuming and costly. We aimed to understand the progressiveness and invasiveness of osteosarcoma induced by SaOS2 cells using chicken chorioallantoic membrane. CAM is a well-established model which allows in vivo studies of tumor induced angiogenesis and the testing of anti angiogenic molecules. However only a few reports showed the tumor forming ability of SaOS2 cells on CAM. METHOD Angiogenic ability of SaOS2 cells on CAM was validated by various methods. Angiogenic ability was scored by direct visualization and scanning microscopic analysis. The sprouting ability and growth of the vessel was measured by Angioquant software under different cellular volume. The invasiveness was analyzed by histological staining. Involvement of angiogenic factors at differential stage of progressiveness was confirmed by the molecular and protein level expression analysis. RESULT SaOS2 cells induces sprouting angiogenesis on CAM and shows its aggressiveness by rupturing the ectodermal layer of the CAM. Growth and development of osteosarcoma depends mainly on the activation of VEGF165, MMP2 and MMP9. CAM able to reproduce angiogenic response against the stimulation of SaOS2 cells exactly as in other animal models without inflammatory reactions. CONCLUSION CAM is an excellent alternative in vivo model for studying the aggressiveness and tumor progression of osteosarcoma using various angiogenic techniques in an easily, faster and affordable way. We further provided insight about the involvement of various angiogenic growth factors on the development of osteosarcoma which will enable to find the suitable therapeutic molecule for the treatment of osteosarcoma. CAM model could provide a wide space using modern techniques like micro array or in situ hybridization to have a better understanding about the progression and invasiveness of osteosarcoma cells to develop suitable therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Manjunathan
- Department of Genetics, University of Madras, Dr. ALM PG IBMS, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 600113 Tamilnadu India
| | - Malathi Ragunathan
- Department of Genetics, University of Madras, Dr. ALM PG IBMS, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 600113 Tamilnadu India
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21
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Yamaguchi SI, Ueki A, Sugihara E, Onishi N, Yaguchi T, Kawakami Y, Horiuchi K, Morioka H, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Muto A, Toyama Y, Saya H, Shimizu T. Synergistic antiproliferative effect of imatinib and adriamycin in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-expressing osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:875-82. [PMID: 25940371 PMCID: PMC4520639 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary solid malignant tumor of bone. Its prognosis remains poor in the substantial proportion of patients who do not respond to chemotherapy and novel therapeutic options are therefore needed. We previously established a mouse model that mimics the aggressive behavior of human OS. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based screening of such mouse tumor lysates identified platelet-derived growth factor–BB (PDGF-BB) as an abundant soluble factor, the gene for which was expressed dominantly in surrounding non-malignant cells of the tumor, whereas that for the cognate receptor (PDGF receptor β) was highly expressed in OS cells. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB induced activation of both MEK–ERK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase–protein kinase B signaling pathways and promoted survival in OS cells deprived of serum, and these effects were blocked by the PDGF receptor inhibitor imatinib. However, these actions of PDGF-BB and imatinib were mostly masked in the presence of serum. Whereas imatinib alone did not manifest an antitumor effect in mice harboring OS tumors, combined treatment with imatinib and adriamycin exerted a synergistic antiproliferative effect on OS cells in vivo. These results suggest that treatment of OS with imatinib is effective only when cell survival is dependent on PDGF signaling or when imatinib is combined with another therapeutic intervention that renders the tumor cells susceptible to imatinib action, such as by inducing cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka I Yamaguchi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arisa Ueki
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugihara
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Core research for evolutionary science and technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Onishi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yaguchi
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horiuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Morioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Muto
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Toyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Core research for evolutionary science and technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatsune Shimizu
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research (IAMR), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Core research for evolutionary science and technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathophysiology, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Cmoch A, Podszywalow-Bartnicka P, Palczewska M, Piwocka K, Groves P, Pikula S. Stimulators of mineralization limit the invasive phenotype of human osteosarcoma cells by a mechanism involving impaired invadopodia formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109938. [PMID: 25314307 PMCID: PMC4196965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive bone cancer affecting children and young adults. Growing evidence connects the invasive potential of OS cells with their ability to form invadopodia (structures specialized in extracellular matrix proteolysis). RESULTS In this study, we tested the hypothesis that commonly used in vitro stimulators of mineralization limit the invadopodia formation in OS cells. Here we examined the invasive potential of human osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) and osteolytic-like (143B) OS cells treated with the stimulators of mineralization (ascorbic acid and B-glycerophosphate) and observed a significant difference in response of the tested cells to the treatment. In contrast to 143B cells, osteoblast-like cells developed a mineralization phenotype that was accompanied by a decreased proliferation rate, prolongation of the cell cycle progression and apoptosis. On the other hand, stimulators of mineralization limited osteolytic-like OS cell invasiveness into collagen matrix. We are the first to evidence the ability of 143B cells to degrade extracellular matrix to be driven by invadopodia. Herein, we show that this ability of osteolytic-like cells in vitro is limited by stimulators of mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that mineralization competency determines the invasive potential of cancer cells. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which stimulators of mineralization regulate and execute invadopodia formation would reveal novel clinical targets for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cmoch
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Palczewska
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrick Groves
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Slawomir Pikula
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Shimizu T, Sugihara E, Yamaguchi-Iwai S, Tamaki S, Koyama Y, Kamel W, Ueki A, Ishikawa T, Chiyoda T, Osuka S, Onishi N, Ikeda H, Kamei J, Matsuo K, Fukuchi Y, Nagai T, Toguchida J, Toyama Y, Muto A, Saya H. IGF2 Preserves Osteosarcoma Cell Survival by Creating an Autophagic State of Dormancy That Protects Cells against Chemotherapeutic Stress. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6531-41. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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TNFα promotes osteosarcoma progression by maintaining tumor cells in an undifferentiated state. Oncogene 2013; 33:4236-41. [PMID: 24336323 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is frequently associated with tumorigenesis in elderly people. By contrast, young people without chronic inflammation often develop tumors considered independent of chronic inflammation but driven instead by mutations. Thus, whether inflammation has a significant role in tumor progression in tumors driven by mutations remains largely unknown. Here we show that TNFα is required for the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma, the most common tumor in children and adolescents. We show that transplantation of AX osteosarcoma cells, which harbor mutations driving c-Myc overexpression and Ink4a-deficiency, in wild-type mice promotes lethal tumorigenesis accompanied by ectopic bone formation and multiple metastases, phenotypes seen in osteosarcoma patients. Such tumorigenesis was completely abrogated in TNFα-deficient mice. AX cells have the capacity to undergo osteoblastic differentiation; however, that activity was significantly inhibited by TNFα treatment, suggesting that TNFα maintains AX cells in an undifferentiated state. TNFα inhibition of AX cell osteoblastic differentiation occurred through ERK activation, and a pharmacological TNFα inhibitor effectively inhibited both AX cell tumorigenesis and increased osteoblastic gene expression and increased survival of tumor-bearing mice. Lethal tumorigenesis of AX cells was also abrogated in IL-1α/IL-1β doubly deficient mice. We found that both TNFα and IL-1 maintained AX cells in an undifferentiated state via ERK activation. Thus, inflammatory cytokines are required to promote tumorigenesis even in mutation-induced tumors, and TNFα/IL-1 and ERK may represent therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.
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25
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Palumbo S, Li WJ. Osteoprotegerin enhances osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:2176-87. [PMID: 23597005 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts and hold promise for applications of bone regeneration such as bone tissue engineering. However, current approaches for in vitro osteogenesis cannot effectively induce osteogenesis and need to be modified to produce quality bone for clinical applications. Previous studies have shown that the conditioned medium (CM) from osteoblast culture enhances osteogenesis of MSCs, and soluble osteogenic factors in the CM may be involved in the regulation. However, these factors are not fully identified. In this study, we profiled soluble factors secreted from MG-63 cells using a comparative protein array and found that osteoprotegerin (OPG), known as a potent anti-osteoclastogenic protein, was at the highest relative level among 507 soluble molecules detected by the array. Furthermore, treating hMSCs with OPG before osteogenic induction significantly increased the expression of osteocalcin mRNA transcript and the production of calcium deposits compared to the untreated control cells, suggesting that OPG is capable of priming undifferentiated hMSCs for the enhancement of subsequent osteogenesis. Furthermore, we showed that the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) was activated by OPG in undifferentiated hMSCs and that blocking NF-κB activation before osteogenic induction decreased osteogenesis of OPG-pretreated cells upon receiving osteogenic stimuli. Taken together, our results suggest that OPG is a pro-osteogenic factor that can be used as an osteogenic supplement in a growth medium to prime the osteogenic capacity of undifferentiated hMSCs to enhance osteogenesis for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- SunMi Palumbo
- Musculoskeletal Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
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26
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Ishikawa T, Shimizu T, Ueki A, Yamaguchi SI, Onishi N, Sugihara E, Kuninaka S, Miyamoto T, Morioka H, Nakayama R, Kobayashi E, Toyama Y, Mabuchi Y, Matsuzaki Y, Yamaguchi R, Miyano S, Saya H. Twist2 functions as a tumor suppressor in murine osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:880-8. [PMID: 23557174 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to the malignant progression of cancer cells including acquisition of the ability to undergo metastasis. However, whereas EMT-related transcription factors (EMT-TF) are known to play an important role in the malignant progression of epithelial tumors, their role in mesenchymal tumors remains largely unknown. We show that expression of the gene for Twist2 is downregulated in human osteosarcoma and correlates inversely with tumorigenic potential in mouse osteosarcoma. Forced expression of Twist2 in highly tumorigenic murine osteosarcoma cells induced a slight inhibition of cell growth in vitro but markedly suppressed tumor formation in vivo. Conversely, knockdown of Twist2 in osteosarcoma cells with a low tumorigenic potential promoted tumor formation in vivo, suggesting that Twist2 functions as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, Twist2 induced expression of fibulin-5, which has been reported as a tumor suppressor. Medium conditioned by mouse osteosarcoma cells overexpressing Twist2 inhibited expression of the MMP9 gene as well as invasion in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and forced expression of Twist2 in osteosarcoma cells suppressed MMP9 gene expression in tumor tissue. Data from the present study suggest that Twist2 inhibits formation of a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth and thereby attenuates tumorigenesis in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Ishikawa
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Ueki A, Shimizu T, Masuda K, Yamaguchi SI, Ishikawa T, Sugihara E, Onishi N, Kuninaka S, Miyoshi K, Muto A, Toyama Y, Banno K, Aoki D, Saya H. Up-regulation of Imp3 confers in vivo tumorigenicity on murine osteosarcoma cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50621. [PMID: 23226335 PMCID: PMC3511546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a high-grade malignant bone tumor that manifests ingravescent clinical behavior. The intrinsic events that confer malignant properties on osteosarcoma cells have remained unclear, however. We previously established two lines of mouse osteosarcoma cells: AX cells, which are able to form tumors in syngeneic mice, and AXT cells, which were derived from such tumors and acquired an increased tumorigenic capacity during tumor development. We have now identified Igf2 mRNA-binding protein3 (Imp3) as a key molecule responsible for this increased tumorigenicity of AXT cells in vivo. Imp3 is consistently up-regulated in tumors formed by AX cells, and its expression in these cells was found to confer malignant properties such as anchorage-independent growth, loss of contact inhibition, and escape from anoikis in vitro. The expression level of Imp3 also appeared directly related to tumorigenic ability in vivo which is the critical determination for tumor-initiating cells. The effect of Imp3 on tumorigenicity of osteosarcoma cells did not appear to be mediated through Igf2-dependent mechanism. Our results implicate Imp3 as a key regulator of stem-like tumorigenic characteristics in osteosarcoma cells and as a potential therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Ueki
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatsune Shimizu
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kenta Masuda
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka I. Yamaguchi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ishikawa
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Kasai R&D Center, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugihara
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Onishi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kuninaka
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Muto
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Toyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Basu-Roy U, Basilico C, Mansukhani A. Perspectives on cancer stem cells in osteosarcoma. Cancer Lett 2012; 338:158-67. [PMID: 22659734 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive pediatric tumor of growing bones that, despite surgery and chemotherapy, is prone to relapse. These mesenchymal tumors are derived from progenitor cells in the osteoblast lineage that have accumulated mutations to escape cell cycle checkpoints leading to excessive proliferation and defects in their ability to differentiate appropriately into mature bone-forming osteoblasts. Like other malignant tumors, osteosarcoma is often heterogeneous, consisting of phenotypically distinct cells with features of different stages of differentiation. The cancer stem cell hypothesis posits that tumors are maintained by stem cells and it is the incomplete eradication of a refractory population of tumor-initiating stem cells that accounts for drug resistance and tumor relapse. In this review we present our current knowledge about the biology of osteosarcoma stem cells from mouse and human tumors, highlighting new insights and unresolved issues in the identification of this elusive population. We focus on factors and pathways that are implicated in maintaining such cells, and differences from paradigms of epithelial cancers. Targeting of the cancer stem cells in osteosarcoma is a promising avenue to explore to develop new therapies for this devastating childhood cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upal Basu-Roy
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
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