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McCarthy KA, Marcotte DJ, Parelkar S, McKinnon CL, Trammell LE, Stangeland EL, Jetson RR. Discovery of Potent Isoindolinone Inhibitors that Target an Active Conformation of PARP1 Using DNA-Encoded Libraries. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400093. [PMID: 38482564 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1), a DNA repair enzyme, has proven to be a successful strategy for the treatment of various cancers. With the appropriate selection conditions and protein design, DNA-encoded library (DEL) technology provides a powerful avenue to identify small molecules with the desired mechanism of action towards a target of interest. However, DNA-binding proteins, such as PARP1, can be challenging targets for DEL screening due to non-specific protein-DNA interactions. To overcome this, we designed and screened a PARP1 catalytic domain construct without the autoinhibitory helical domain. This allowed us to interrogate an active, functionally-relevant form of the protein resulting in the discovery of novel isoindolinone PARP1 inhibitors with single-digit nanomolar potency. These inhibitors also demonstrated little to no PARP1-DNA trapping, a property that could be advantageous in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A McCarthy
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
| | - Douglas J Marcotte
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
| | - Sangram Parelkar
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
| | - Crystal L McKinnon
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
| | - Lindsay E Trammell
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
| | - Eric L Stangeland
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
| | - Rachael R Jetson
- Discovery Sciences, Valo Health, 75 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02421, United States
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2
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Kanev PB, Varhoshkova S, Georgieva I, Lukarska M, Kirova D, Danovski G, Stoynov S, Aleksandrov R. A unified mechanism for PARP inhibitor-induced PARP1 chromatin retention at DNA damage sites in living cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114234. [PMID: 38758646 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) not only suppress PARP1 catalytic activity but also prolong its association to damaged chromatin. Here, through live-cell imaging, we quantify the alterations in PARP1 dynamics and activity elicited by seven PARPis over a wide range of concentrations to deliver a unified mechanism of PARPi-induced PARP1 chromatin retention. We find that gross PARP1 retention at DNA damage sites is jointly governed by catalytic inhibition and allosteric trapping, albeit in a strictly independent manner-catalytic inhibition causes multiple unproductive binding-dissociation cycles of PARP1, while allosteric trapping prolongs the lesion-bound state of PARP1 to greatly increase overall retention. Importantly, stronger PARP1 retention produces greater temporal shifts in downstream DNA repair events and superior cytotoxicity, highlighting PARP1 retention, a complex but precisely quantifiable characteristic of PARPis, as a valuable biomarker for PARPi efficacy. Our approach can be promptly repurposed for interrogating the properties of DNA-repair-targeting compounds beyond PARPis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar-Bogomil Kanev
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sylvia Varhoshkova
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irina Georgieva
- Transmembrane Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Lukarska
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dilyana Kirova
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Danovski
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stoyno Stoynov
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Radoslav Aleksandrov
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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3
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Zheng W, Huang Y, Xie Y, Yang T, Cheng X, Chen H, Li C, Jiang Z, Yu Z, Li Z, Zhang L, Yuan L, Liu Y, Liang Y, Wu Z. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of [ 18F]BIBD-300 as a Positron Emission Tomography Tracer for Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2606-2621. [PMID: 38606716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Compounds 8a-j were designed to adjust the mode of interaction and lipophilicity of FTT by scaffold hopping and changing the length of the alkoxy groups. Compounds 8a, 8d, 8g, and BIBD-300 were screened for high-affinity PARP-1 through enzyme inhibition assays and are worthy of further evaluation. PET imaging of MCF-7 subcutaneous tumors with moderate expression of PARP-1 showed that compared to [18F]FTT, [18F]8a, [18F]8d, and [18F]8g exhibited greater nonspecific uptake, a lower target-to-nontarget ratio, and severe defluorination, while [18F]BIBD-300 exhibited lower nonspecific uptake and a greater target-to-nontarget ratio. PET imaging of 22Rv1 subcutaneous tumors, which highly express PARP-1, confirmed that the uptake of [18F]BIBD-300 in normal organs, such as the liver, muscle, and bone, was lower than that of [18F]FTT, and the ratio of tumor-to-muscle and tumor-to-liver [18F]BIBD-300 was greater than that of [18F]FTT. The biodistribution results in mice with MCF-7 and 22Rv1 subcutaneous tumors further validated the results of PET imaging. Unlike [18F]FTT, which mainly relies on hepatobiliary clearance, [18F]BIBD-300, which has lower lipophilicity, undergoes a partial shift from hepatobiliary to renal clearance, providing the possibility for [18F]BIBD-300 to indicate liver cancer. The difference in the PET imaging results for [18F]FTT, [18F]BIBD-300, and [18F]8j in 22Rv1 mice and the corresponding molecular docking results further confirmed that subtle structural modifications in lipophilicity greatly optimize the properties of the tracer. Cell uptake experiments also demonstrated that [18F]BIBD-300 has a high affinity for PARP-1. Metabolized and unmetabolized [18F]FTT and [18F]BIBD-300 were detected in the brain, indicating that they could not accurately quantify the amount of PARP-1 in the brain. However, PET imaging of glioma showed that both [18F]FTT and [18F]BIBD-300 could accurately localize both in situ to C6 and U87MG tumors. Based on its potential advantages in the diagnosis of breast cancer, prostate cancer, and glioma, as well as liver cancer, [18F]BIBD-300 is a new option for an excellent PARP-1 tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tingyu Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xuebo Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hualong Chen
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chengze Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Zeng Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ziyue Yu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhongjing Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Leilei Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Zehui Wu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Peng X, Li Y, Qu J, Jiang L, Wu K, Liu D, Chen Y, Peng J, Guo Y, Cao X. High affinity and low PARP-trapping benzimidazole derivatives as a potential warhead for PARP1 degraders. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116405. [PMID: 38678823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PARPi have been explored and applied in the treatment of various cancers with remarkable efficacy, especially BRCA1/2 mutated ovarian, breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. However, PARPi renders inevitable drug resistance and showed high toxicity because of PARP-Trapping with long-term clinic tracking. To overcome the drug resistance and the high toxicity of PARPi, many novel methods have been developed including PROTACs. Being an event-driven technology, PROTACs needs a high affinity, low toxicity warhead with no steric hindrance in binding process. Veliparib shows the lowest PARP-Trapping effect but could hardly to be the warhead of PROTACs because of the strong steric hindrance. Other PARP1 inhibitors showed less steric hindrance but owns high PARP-Trapping effect. Thus, the development of novel warhead with high PARP1 affinity, low PARP1-Trapping, and no steric hindrance would be valuable. In this work, we reserved benzimidazole as the motif to reserve the low PARP1-Trapping effect and substituted the pyrrole by aromatic ring to avoiding the steric hindrance in PARP1 binding cave. Thus, a series of benzimidazole derivates were designed and synthesized, and some biological activities in vitro were evaluated including the inhibition for PARP1 enzyme and the PARP-Trapping effect using MDA-MB-436 cell line. Results showed that the compound 19A10 has higher PARP1 affinity(IC50 = 4.62 nM)) and similar low PARP-Trapping effect compared with Veliparib(IC50 (MDA-MB-436) >100 μM). Docking study showed that the compound 19A10 could avoiding the steric hindrance which was much better than Veliparib. So, the compound 19A10 could potentially be a perfect warhead for PARP1 degraders. Besides, because of the depletion of the PARP1 and the decreasing of the binding capability, we suppose that the PROTACs using 19A10 as the warhead would be no-PARP-Trapping effect. Furthermore, QSAR study showed that to develop novel compounds with high PARP1 binding affinity and low PARP-Trapping, we can choose the skeleton with substituent R1H, R2 = piperiazine, and R3 with large tPSA. And, if we want to develop the compounds with high PARP1 binding affinity and high PARP-Trapping which can possibly improve the lethality against tumor cells, we can choose the skeleton with substituent R1F, R2 = 3-methy-piperiazine, and R3 with large tPSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Junfeng Qu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lizhi Jiang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Kaiyue Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Junmei Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuan Cao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, College of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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5
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Staniszewska AD, Pilger D, Gill SJ, Jamal K, Bohin N, Guzzetti S, Gordon J, Hamm G, Mundin G, Illuzzi G, Pike A, McWilliams L, Maglennon G, Rose J, Hawthorne G, Cortes Gonzalez M, Halldin C, Johnström P, Schou M, Critchlow SE, Fawell S, Johannes JW, Leo E, Davies BR, Cosulich S, Sarkaria JN, O'Connor MJ, Hamerlik P. Preclinical Characterization of AZD9574, a Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrant Inhibitor of PARP1. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1338-1351. [PMID: 37967136 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the properties and activity of AZD9574, a blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant selective inhibitor of PARP1, and assessed its efficacy and safety alone and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in preclinical models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AZD9574 was interrogated in vitro for selectivity, PARylation inhibition, PARP-DNA trapping, the ability to cross the BBB, and the potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In vivo efficacy was determined using subcutaneous as well as intracranial mouse xenograft models. Mouse, rat, and monkey were used to assess AZD9574 BBB penetration and rat models were used to evaluate potential hematotoxicity for AZD9574 monotherapy and the TMZ combination. RESULTS AZD9574 demonstrated PARP1-selectivity in fluorescence anisotropy, PARylation, and PARP-DNA trapping assays and in vivo experiments demonstrated BBB penetration. AZD9574 showed potent single agent efficacy in preclinical models with homologous recombination repair deficiency in vitro and in vivo. In an O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-methylated orthotopic glioma model, AZD9574 in combination with TMZ was superior in extending the survival of tumor-bearing mice compared with TMZ alone. CONCLUSIONS The combination of three key features-PARP1 selectivity, PARP1 trapping profile, and high central nervous system penetration in a single molecule-supports the development of AZD9574 as the best-in-class PARP inhibitor for the treatment of primary and secondary brain tumors. As documented by in vitro and in vivo studies, AZD9574 shows robust anticancer efficacy as a single agent as well as in combination with TMZ. AZD9574 is currently in a phase I trial (NCT05417594). See related commentary by Lynce and Lin, p. 1217.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenic Pilger
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja J Gill
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kunzah Jamal
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Natacha Bohin
- Oncology Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Guzzetti
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Gordon
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gill Mundin
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giuditta Illuzzi
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Pike
- DMPK, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa McWilliams
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Maglennon
- Pathology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Rose
- Animal Sciences and Technologies, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Glen Hawthorne
- Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PET Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Schou
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- PET Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Elisabetta Leo
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Barry R Davies
- Projects Group, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sabina Cosulich
- Projects Group, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark J O'Connor
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Patel J, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Blocking the Self-Destruct Program of Dopamine Neurons through Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Nuclease Inhibition. Mov Disord 2024; 39:644-650. [PMID: 38396375 PMCID: PMC11160583 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that pathognomonically involves the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, resulting in a myriad of motor and non-motor symptoms. Given the insurmountable burden of this disease on the population and healthcare system, significant efforts have been put forth toward generating disease modifying therapies. This class of treatments characteristically alters disease course, as opposed to current strategies that focus on managing symptoms. Previous literature has implicated the cell death pathway known as parthanatos in PD progression. Inhibition of this pathway by targeting poly (ADP)-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) prevents neurodegeneration in a model of idiopathic PD. However, PARP1 has a vast repertoire of functions within the body, increasing the probability of side effects with the long-term treatment likely necessary for clinically significant neuroprotection. Recent work culminated in the development of a novel agent targeting the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) nuclease domain, also named parthanatos-associated apoptosis-inducing factor nuclease (PAAN). This nuclease activity specifically executes the terminal step in parthanatos. Parthanatos-associated apoptosis-inducing factor nuclease inhibitor-1 was neuroprotective in multiple preclinical mouse models of PD. This piece will focus on contextualizing this discovery, emphasizing its significance, and discussing its potential implications for parthanatos-directed treatment. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimin Patel
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Valina L. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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7
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Petropoulos M, Karamichali A, Rossetti GG, Freudenmann A, Iacovino LG, Dionellis VS, Sotiriou SK, Halazonetis TD. Transcription-replication conflicts underlie sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Nature 2024; 628:433-441. [PMID: 38509368 PMCID: PMC11006605 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
An important advance in cancer therapy has been the development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient cancers1-6. PARP inhibitors trap PARPs on DNA. The trapped PARPs are thought to block replisome progression, leading to formation of DNA double-strand breaks that require HR for repair7. Here we show that PARP1 functions together with TIMELESS and TIPIN to protect the replisome in early S phase from transcription-replication conflicts. Furthermore, the synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors with HR deficiency is due to an inability to repair DNA damage caused by transcription-replication conflicts, rather than by trapped PARPs. Along these lines, inhibiting transcription elongation in early S phase rendered HR-deficient cells resistant to PARP inhibitors and depleting PARP1 by small-interfering RNA was synthetic lethal with HR deficiency. Thus, inhibiting PARP1 enzymatic activity may suffice for treatment efficacy in HR-deficient settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Petropoulos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Angeliki Karamichali
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Alena Freudenmann
- FoRx Therapeutics AG, Basel, Switzerland
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Vasilis S Dionellis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sotirios K Sotiriou
- FoRx Therapeutics AG, Basel, Switzerland
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thanos D Halazonetis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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8
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Wei Y, He L, Liu T, Guo T, Xie C, Jia J, Lin Y, Liu J, Fan J. Efficacy and safety of PARP inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic agents in the maintenance treatment of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1372077. [PMID: 38584601 PMCID: PMC10995238 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1372077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor and antiangiogenic agent monotherapy have shown to be effective as maintenance treatment in patients with ovarian cancer (OC). However, there is currently a lack of evidence-based study to directly compare the effects of combination therapy with these two drugs. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with PARP inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents in women with OC using a meta-analysis. Methods: An exhaustive search of literature was undertaken using multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up until 17 December 2023. The data on progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were pooled. We computed the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PFS and OS, along with the relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs for AEs. Trial sequential analysis, heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment were performed. Stata 12.0 and Software R 4.3.1 were utilized for all analyses. Results: This meta-analysis included 7 RCTs with a total of 3,388 participants. The overall analysis revealed that combination therapy of PARP inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents significantly improved PFS (HR = 0.615, 95% CI = 0.517-0.731; 95% PI = 0.379-0.999), but also increased the risk of AEs, including urinary tract infection (RR = 1.500, 95% CI = 1.114-2.021; 95% PI = 0.218-10.346), fatigue (RR = 1.264, 95% CI = 1.141-1.400; 95% PI = 1.012-1.552), headache (RR = 1.868, 95% CI = 1.036-3.369; 95% PI = 0.154-22.642), anorexia (RR = 1.718, 95% CI = 1.320-2.235; 95% PI = 0.050-65.480), and hypertension (RR = 5.009, 95% CI = 1.103-22.744; 95% PI = 0.016-1580.021) compared with PARP inhibitor or antiangiogenic agent monotherapy. Our study has not yet confirmed the benefit of combination therapy on OS in OC patients (HR = 0.885, 95% CI = 0.737-1.063). Additionally, subgroup analyses further showed that combination therapy resulted in an increased risk of AEs, encompassing thrombocytopenia, vomiting, abdominal pain, proteinuria, fatigue, headache, anorexia, and hypertension (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the PFS benefit of combination therapy with PARP inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents in patients with OC. The OS result need to be updated after the original trial data is mature. Clinicians should be vigilant of AEs when administering the combination therapy in clinical practice. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023494482.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Xie
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jigang Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghong Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayin Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Chen J, Zhang M, Li K, Duan Y, Zeng J, Li Q, Wang D, Song L, Li Q, Yin R. PARP inhibitor maintenance treatment for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients: a real-world study from China. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1336616. [PMID: 38371630 PMCID: PMC10870420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1336616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the efficacy and safety in a real-world population of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) treated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) as first-line maintenance therapy in the largest gynecologic oncology center in Western China. Methods This study included patients newly diagnosed EOC who received PARPi as first-line maintenance therapy in West China Second University Hospital from August 1, 2018 to September 31, 2022. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0(CTCAE 5.0). The secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors influencing the PFS of patients in real world. Results Among the eligible 164 patients, 104 patients received olaparib and 60 patients received niraparib. 100 patients (61.0%) had mutations in breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA). 87 patients (53.0%) received primary debulking surgery (PDS) while 77 patients (47.0%) received interval debulking surgery (IDS). 94 patients (94/164, 57.3%) achieved R0 and 39 patients (23.8%) achieved R1 after PDS/IDS. 112 (68.3%) achieved complete response (CR) after first-line chemotherapy, while 49 (29.9%) achieved partial response (PR). The median follow-up time was 17.0 months (95% CI 15.6-18.4), and the median PFS has not been reached yet. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that BRCA mutations and CR/PR after platinum-based chemotherapy were independent factors associated with prolonged PFS. Hematologic toxicity was the most common grade≥3 AE. There were no incidence of myelodysplastic syndromes/acute myelogenous leukemia (MDS/AML). Conclusion Focusing on PARPi as first-line maintenance therapy for patients with EOC, this study represented the largest single-center real-world study in China to date. Two independent factors were identified to prolong the PFS of patients: BRCA mutated type and CR/PR after primary treatment, which should be further confirmed with long-term follow-up and large sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengpei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kemin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqiong Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingli Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danqing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Nelson BE, Meric-Bernstam F. Leveraging TROP2 Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Solid Tumors. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75:31-48. [PMID: 37758237 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-071322-065903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have become the cornerstone of effective therapeutics in solid and hematological malignancies by harnessing potent cytotoxic payloads with targeted tumoricidal delivery. Since the monumental shift occurred with HER2-targeted ADCs, the discovery of the TROP2 antigen has revolutionized the landscape of ADC development. Moving beyond the traditional ADC design, multiple novel ADCs have successfully shaped and improved survival outcomes in patients with various tumor histologies. Here we review and contrast the clinical impact of the well-known TROP2 ADCs currently in clinical use. We also shed light on upcoming investigational TROP2 ADCs showing promise with novel ADC platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessie Elizabeth Nelson
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;
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11
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Kim C, Wang XD, Liu Z, Hao J, Wang S, Li P, Zi Z, Ding Q, Jang S, Kim J, Luo Y, Huffman KE, Pal Choudhuri S, del Rio S, Cai L, Liang H, Drapkin BJ, Minna JD, Yu Y. Induced degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins drives the therapeutic vulnerability of small cell lung cancer to PARP inhibitors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh2579. [PMID: 38241363 PMCID: PMC10798557 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Although BRCA1/2 mutations are not commonly found in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a substantial fraction of SCLC shows clinically relevant response to PARP inhibitors (PARPis). However, the underlying mechanism(s) of PARPi sensitivity in SCLC is poorly understood. We performed quantitative proteomic analyses and identified proteomic changes that signify PARPi responses in SCLC cells. We found that the vulnerability of SCLC to PARPi could be explained by the degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins (e.g., ASCL1). PARPi-induced activation of the E3 ligase HUWE1 mediated the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-dependent ASCL1 degradation. Although PARPi induced a general DNA damage response in SCLC cells, this signal generated a cell-specific response in ASCL1 degradation, leading to the identification of HUWE1 expression as a predictive biomarker for PARPi. Combining PARPi with agents targeting these pathways markedly improved therapeutic response in SCLC. The degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins therefore represents a previously unidentified mechanism for PARPi efficacy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zhengshuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jianwei Hao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qing Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Seoyeon Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yikai Luo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Huffman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shreoshi Pal Choudhuri
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sofia del Rio
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Drapkin
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - John D. Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Bourlon MT, Valdez P, Castro E. Development of PARP inhibitors in advanced prostate cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231221337. [PMID: 38205078 PMCID: PMC10777773 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231221337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The relatively high prevalence of alterations in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway described in advanced prostate cancer provides a unique opportunity to develop therapeutic strategies that take advantage of the decreased tumor ability to repair DNA damage. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been demonstrated to improve the outcomes of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with HRR defects, particularly in those with BRCA1/2 alterations. To expand the benefit of PARPi to patients without detectable HRR alterations, multiple studies are addressing potential synergies between PARP inhibition (PARPi) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARSi), radiation, radioligand therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy, and these strategies are also being evaluated in the hormone-sensitive setting. In this review, we summarize the development of PARPi in prostate cancer, the potential synergies, and combinations being investigated as well as the future directions of PARPi for the management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Bourlon
- Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paola Valdez
- Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena Castro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Av. Cordoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Chen J, Zhang M, Li K, Duan Y, Lin X, Zhong L, Li Q, Yin R. A real-world study of PARP inhibitors in 75 patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer from China. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1300199. [PMID: 38260846 PMCID: PMC10800576 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1300199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) as a maintenance therapy for patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (PSROC) at the largest center of gynecologic oncology in Western China. Patients and methods The efficacy of PARPi was evaluated by progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in this real-world single-center retrospective cohort study conducted at West China Second University Hospital. The safety of PARPi was assessed using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0. Results In this study, we included a total of 75 eligible patients, of which 54 (72.0%) received olaparib and 21 (28.0%) received niraparib. Among these patients, 24 (32.0%) had breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) mutations, 27 (36.0%) achieved complete response after their last platinum-based therapy, and 22 (29.3%) had previously received ≥3rd-line chemotherapy. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 19.1 months (95% CI 8.5-29.7), and the median overall survival (mOS) had not been reached. Log-rank analysis revealed that age (<65 years old V.S. ≥65 years old) and previous lines of chemotherapy (2nd-line V.S. 3rd-line V.S. ≥4th-line) were associated with prolonged PFS (P <0.05). However, multivariate COX regression analysis did not identify any independent factors associated with prognosis (P >0.05). The most common grade≥3 adverse events in the olaparib group were anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia, while in the niraparib group, they were anemia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusion This study confirmed that olaparib and niraparib are effective and tolerate for PSROC in real-world settings. At the follow-up endpoint, no independent prognostic factor associated with prolonged PFS was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengpei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kemin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqiong Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Watanabe K, Seki N. Biology and Development of DNA-Targeted Drugs, Focusing on Synthetic Lethality, DNA Repair, and Epigenetic Modifications for Cancer: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:752. [PMID: 38255825 PMCID: PMC10815806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA-targeted drugs constitute a specialized category of pharmaceuticals developed for cancer treatment, directly influencing various cellular processes involving DNA. These drugs aim to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize side effects by specifically targeting molecules or pathways crucial to cancer growth. Unlike conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, recent discoveries have yielded DNA-targeted agents with improved effectiveness, and a new generation is anticipated to be even more specific and potent. The sequencing of the human genome in 2001 marked a transformative milestone, contributing significantly to the advancement of targeted therapy and precision medicine. Anticipated progress in precision medicine is closely tied to the continuous development in the exploration of synthetic lethality, DNA repair, and expression regulatory mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications. The integration of technologies like circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis further enhances our ability to elucidate crucial regulatory factors, promising a more effective era of precision medicine. The combination of genomic knowledge and technological progress has led to a surge in clinical trials focusing on precision medicine. These trials utilize biomarkers for identifying genetic alterations, molecular profiling for potential therapeutic targets, and tailored cancer treatments addressing multiple genetic changes. The evolving landscape of genomics has prompted a paradigm shift from tumor-centric to individualized, genome-directed treatments based on biomarker analysis for each patient. The current treatment strategy involves identifying target genes or pathways, exploring drugs affecting these targets, and predicting adverse events. This review highlights strategies incorporating DNA-targeted drugs, such as PARP inhibitors, SLFN11, methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), and ATR kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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15
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Wang Q, Zhang M, Li A, Yao X, Chen Y. Unraveling the allosteric inhibition mechanism of PARP-1 CAT and the D766/770A mutation effects via Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics and Markov state model. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107682. [PMID: 38000246 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
PARP-1 (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) is a nuclear enzyme and plays a key role in many cellular functions, such as DNA repair, modulation of chromatin structure, and recombination. Developing the PARP-1 inhibitors has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy for a growing list of cancers. The catalytic structural domain (CAT) of PARP-1 upon binding the inhibitor allosterically regulates the conformational changes of helix domain (HD), affecting its identification with the damaged DNA. The typical type I (EB47) and III (veliparib) inhibitors were able to lengthening or shortening the retention time of this enzyme on DNA damage and thus regulating the cytotoxicity. Nonetheless, the basis underlying allosteric inhibition is unclear, which limits the development of novel PARP-1 inhibitors. Here, to investigate the distinct allosteric changes of EB47 and veliparib against PARP-1 CAT, each complex was simulated via classical and Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (cMD and GaMD). To study the reverse allosteric basis and mutation effects, the complexes PARP-1 with UKTT15 and PARP-1 D766/770A mutant with EB47 were also simulated. Importantly, the markov state models were built to identify the transition pathways of crucial substates of allosteric communication and the induction basis of PARP-1 reverse allostery. The conformational change differences of PARP-1 CAT regulated by allosteric inhibitors were concerned with to their interaction at the active site. Energy calculations suggested the energy advantage of EB47 in inhibiting the wild-type PARP-1, compared with D766/770A PARP-1. Secondary structure results showed the change of two key loops (αB-αD and αE-αF) in different systems. This work reported the basis of PARP-1 allostery from both thermodynamic and kinetic views, providing the guidance for the discovery and design of more innovative PARP-1 allosteric inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China.
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China
| | - Aohan Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yingqing Chen
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China.
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16
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Wu Y, Wu M, Zheng X, Yu H, Mao X, Jin Y, Wang Y, Pang A, Zhang J, Zeng S, Xu T, Chen Y, Zhang B, Lin N, Dai H, Wang Y, Yao X, Dong X, Huang W, Che J. Discovery of a potent and selective PARP1 degrader promoting cell cycle arrest via intercepting CDC25C-CDK1 axis for treating triple-negative breast cancer. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106952. [PMID: 37952486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
PARP1 is a multifaceted component of DNA repair and chromatin remodeling, making it an effective therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The recently reported proteolytic targeting chimera (PROTAC) could effectively degrade PARP1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, expanding the therapeutic application of PARP1 blocking. In this study, a series of nitrogen heterocyclic PROTACs were designed and synthesized through ternary complex simulation analysis based on our previous work. Our efforts have resulted in a potent PARP1 degrader D6 (DC50 = 25.23 nM) with high selectivity due to nitrogen heterocyclic linker generating multiple interactions with the PARP1-CRBN PPI surface, specifically. Moreover, D6 exhibited strong cytotoxicity to triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 1.04 µM). And the proteomic results showed that the antitumor mechanism of D6 was found that intensifies DNA damage by intercepting the CDC25C-CDK1 axis to halt cell cycle transition in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Furthermore, in vivo study, D6 showed a promising PK property with moderate oral absorption activity. And D6 could effectively inhibit tumor growth (TGI rate = 71.4 % at 40 mg/kg) without other signs of toxicity in MDA-MB-321 tumor-bearing mice. In summary, we have identified an original scaffold and potent PARP1 PROTAC that provided a novel intervention strategy for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Wu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingfei Wu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hengyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinfei Mao
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuyuan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ao Pang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shenxin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tengfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xiaowu Dong
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jinxin Che
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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17
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Bir Yücel K, Yıldız S, Sütcüoglu O, Güvercin FS, Uyar Göçün P, Özdemir N, Yazıcı O, Özet A. Niraparib-induced pure red cell aplasia. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:210-214. [PMID: 37642988 DOI: 10.1177/10781552231197808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Niraparib, a strong poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, contributed significantly to progression-free survival as a maintenance therapy in the platinum-sensitive period in both first-line and recurrent ovarian cancer, regardless of the BRCA mutation. Grade 3-4 anemia, which has a manageable side effect profile, especially hematological, is seen in almost 1 out of every 4 patients. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no reported case of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) induced by niraparib treatment. CASE REPORT A 65-year-old woman diagnosed with stage 3 serous carcinoma of the tuba received niraparib front-line maintenance treatment had grade 4 anemia after 3 months of niraparib treatment. She underwent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy because of refractory anemia, which needs red blood cell (RBC) transfusions despite interruption of treatment. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME The patient was treated with 1 mg/kg methyl prednisolone, after histopathological assessment was consistent with PRCA. The hemoglobin count returned to the normal range with steroid treatment. DISCUSSION In daily practice, it should be kept in mind that in the case of refractory anemia induced by niraparib, the underlying cause might be PRCA and can be improved with steroid administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyma Yıldız
- Deparment of Hematology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Sütcüoglu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazı University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Nuriye Özdemir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazı University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozan Yazıcı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazı University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gazı University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Maiorano BA, De Giorgi U, Verzoni E, Maiello E, Procopio G, Conteduca V, Di Maio M. Hematological Toxicity of PARP Inhibitors in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients with Mutations of BRCA or HRR Genes: A Systematic Review and Safety Meta-analysis. Target Oncol 2024; 19:1-11. [PMID: 37993604 PMCID: PMC10830661 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-023-01016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are effective treatment options for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) as single agents or in combination with androgen receptor-targeted agents (ARTA). However, a clinically relevant adverse effect of these agents is hematological toxicity, a typical class adverse event (AE), which can lead to treatment modifications and discontinuations. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the risk of hematological AEs, including anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia secondary to PARPi treatments in mCRPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) meeting abstracts for clinical trials concerning the use of PARPis, both as single agents and in combination, in patients with mCRPC. The search deadline was 30 June, 2023. We analyzed the pooled incidence of all grades of and ≥ G3 anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. We subsequently calculated risk ratios (RRs) for all grades of and ≥ G3 AEs of PARPis versus non-PARPis from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). RESULTS Eleven phase 2/3 trials with olaparib, niraparib, rucaparib, and talazoparib administered as single agents or combined with ARTA were selected. Anemia was the most common all grades (38.6%) and ≥ G3 AE (24.9%). In the analysis of relative risk, six RCTs were included. The administration of PARPis significantly increased the risk of developing all grades of anemia (RR = 2.44), neutropenia (RR = 3.15), and thrombocytopenia (RR = 4.66) compared with non-PARPis. Similarly, a significant increase in the risk of ≥ G3 anemia (RR = 5.73) and thrombocytopenia (RR = 5.44), and a not significant increased risk of neutropenia (RR = 3.41), were detected. CONCLUSIONS In mCRPC, PARPis increase the risk of hematological toxicity compared with other treatments, both as single agents or combined with ARTA (high-quality evidence). Clinicians should be aware of this risk and the correct management, especially with the expected increased PARPis use in mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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19
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Cao J, Guo H, Ji D, Shen W, Zhang S, Hsieh CY, Xiong Cai S, Edward Tian Y, Xu C, Zhang P, Xu B. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Senaparib, a Novel PARP1/2 Inhibitor, in Chinese Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase I Trial. Oncologist 2023; 28:e1259-e1267. [PMID: 37338150 PMCID: PMC10712727 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senaparib, a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1/2 inhibitor, demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical studies. This phase I, first-in-human, dose-escalation/-expansion study explored the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability, and preliminary antitumor activity of senaparib in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Adults with advanced solid tumors who had failed ³1 line of prior systemic treatment were enrolled. Senaparib (once daily [QD]) dose was escalated from 2 mg until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD)/recommended phase II dose (RP2D) using a modified 3 + 3 design. Dose expansion included: dose groups with ≥1 objective response and one dose higher, as well as those at the MTD/RP2D. Primary objectives were to evaluate the safety and tolerability, and determine the MTD and/or RP2D of senaparib. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients were enrolled across 10 dose groups (2-120 mg QD, and 50 mg twice daily). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The most common senaparib-related adverse events were anemia (80.9%), white blood cell count decreased (43.9%), platelet count decreased (28.1%), and asthenia (26.3%). Senaparib exposure increased dose proportionately at 2-80 mg; absorption saturated at 80-120 mg. Senaparib accumulation was minimal after repeated QD administration (accumulation ratio=1.1-1.5). The objective response rate was 22.7% (n=10/44) overall (all partial responses) and 26.9% (n=7/26) for patients harboring BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. Disease control rates were 63.6% and 73.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Senaparib was well tolerated and demonstrated promising antitumor activity in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. The RP2D for this clinical study in China was identified as 100 mg QD. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT03508011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weina Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chih-Yi Hsieh
- IMPACT Therapeutics Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sui Xiong Cai
- IMPACT Therapeutics Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Edward Tian
- IMPACT Therapeutics Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Xu
- IMPACT Therapeutics Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Sun W, Li J. Efficacy and safety of veliparib in the treatment of advanced/metastatic breast cancer: a meta-analysis of phase II and III randomized controlled trials. J Chemother 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37975589 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2281760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of veliparib in the treatment of advanced/metastatic breast cancer. Databases were searched for relevant studies till June 2023. Six RCTs involving 1912 patients were included. The pooled analysis provided evidence that veliparib-containing regimens could significantly improve the PFS (HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.61-0.83; p < 0.0001), OS (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76-0.99; p = 0.03), and ORR (RR: 1.52; 95% CI:1.06-2.18; p = 0.02) than those of controls for treating advanced/metastatic breast cancer. Breast cancer patients with BRCA-mutation tended to have a better PFS than the BRCA-wildtype group, and patients with TNBC tended to associated with a longer PFS than the non-TNBC group. Veliparib could significantly increase the risk of anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, diarrhea, stomatitis, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy. Anemia and neutropenia should be well concerned. The veliparib-containing regimen was efficacious in treating advanced/metastatic breast cancer with a controllable safety factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Sun
- Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceuticals and Equipment of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.China
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21
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Saatci O, Cetin M, Uner M, Tokat UM, Chatzistamou I, Ersan PG, Montaudon E, Akyol A, Aksoy S, Uner A, Marangoni E, Sajish M, Sahin O. Toxic PARP trapping upon cAMP-induced DNA damage reinstates the efficacy of endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors in treatment-refractory ER+ breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6997. [PMID: 37914699 PMCID: PMC10620179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors, the standard of care (SOC) in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, greatly reduces patient survival. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to SOC therapy and identifying actionable targets are urgently needed. Here, we show that SOC therapy causes DNA damage and toxic PARP1 trapping upon generation of a functional BRCAness (i.e., BRCA1/2 deficiency) phenotype, leading to increased histone parylation and reduced H3K9 acetylation, resulting in transcriptional blockage and cell death. Mechanistically, SOC therapy downregulates phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D), a novel ER target gene in a feedforward loop with ER, resulting in increased cAMP, PKA-dependent phosphorylation of mitochondrial COXIV-I, ROS generation and DNA damage. However, during SOC resistance, an ER-to-EGFR switch induces PDE4D overexpression via c-Jun. Notably, combining SOC with inhibitors of PDE4D, EGFR or PARP1 overcomes SOC resistance irrespective of the BRCA1/2 status, providing actionable targets for restoring SOC efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Saatci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Metin Cetin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Meral Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Unal Metin Tokat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Pelin Gulizar Ersan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Elodie Montaudon
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Aytekin Akyol
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sercan Aksoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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22
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Khang M, Lee JH, Lee T, Suh HW, Lee S, Cavaliere A, Rushing A, Geraldo LH, Belitzky E, Rossano S, de Feyter HM, Shin K, Huttner A, Roussel MF, Thomas JL, Carson RE, Marquez-Nostra B, Bindra RS, Saltzman WM. Intrathecal delivery of nanoparticle PARP inhibitor to the cerebrospinal fluid for the treatment of metastatic medulloblastoma. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadi1617. [PMID: 37910601 PMCID: PMC11078331 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity associated with pediatric medulloblastoma, in particular in patients who develop leptomeningeal metastases, remains high in the absence of effective therapies. Administration of substances directly into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is one approach to circumvent the blood-brain barrier and focus delivery of drugs to the site of tumor. However, high rates of CSF turnover prevent adequate drug accumulation and lead to rapid systemic clearance and toxicity. Here, we show that PLA-HPG nanoparticles, made with a single-emulsion, solvent evaporation process, can encapsulate talazoparib, a PARP inhibitor (BMN-673). These degradable polymer nanoparticles improve the therapeutic index when delivered intrathecally and lead to sustained drug retention in the tumor as measured with PET imaging and fluorescence microscopy. We demonstrate that administration of these particles into the CSF, alone or in combination with systemically administered temozolomide, is a highly effective therapy for tumor regression and prevention of leptomeningeal spread in xenograft mouse models of medulloblastoma. These results provide a rationale for harnessing nanoparticles for the delivery of drugs limited by brain penetration and therapeutic index and demonstrate important advantages in tolerability and efficacy for encapsulated drugs delivered locoregionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsoo Khang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Ju Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Teresa Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Hee-Won Suh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Supum Lee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alessandra Cavaliere
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Amy Rushing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Luiz H. Geraldo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Erika Belitzky
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Samantha Rossano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Henk M. de Feyter
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kwangsoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Anita Huttner
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Martine F. Roussel
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Jean-Leon Thomas
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Paris Brain Institute, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06 UMRS1127, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Richard E. Carson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Ranjit S. Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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23
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Xu Y, Spear S, Ma Y, Lorentzen MP, Gruet M, McKinney F, Xu Y, Wickremesinghe C, Shepherd MR, McNeish I, Keun HC, Nijhuis A. Pharmacological depletion of RNA splicing factor RBM39 by indisulam synergizes with PARP inhibitors in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113307. [PMID: 37858464 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common subtype of ovarian cancer with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. In recent years, poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated significant clinical benefits, especially in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. However, acquired drug resistance and relapse is a major challenge. Indisulam (E7070) has been identified as a molecular glue that brings together splicing factor RBM39 and DCAF15 E3 ubiquitin ligase resulting in polyubiquitination, degradation, and subsequent RNA splicing defects. In this work, we demonstrate that the loss of RBM39 induces splicing defects in key DNA damage repair genes in ovarian cancer, leading to increased sensitivity to cisplatin and various PARP inhibitors. The addition of indisulam also improved olaparib response in mice bearing PARP inhibitor-resistant tumors. These findings demonstrate that combining RBM39 degraders and PARP inhibitors is a promising therapeutic approach to improve PARP inhibitor response in ovarian HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Xu
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Spear
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yurui Ma
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc P Lorentzen
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Gruet
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Flora McKinney
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yitao Xu
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chiharu Wickremesinghe
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Iain McNeish
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Anke Nijhuis
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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24
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Bowling GC, Swargaloganathan P, Heintz C, Madan RA, Eldhose B, Dobi A, Chesnut GT. Hematological Toxicities with PARP Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Phase II/III Randomized Controlled Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4904. [PMID: 37835597 PMCID: PMC10571760 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are an important class of therapeutics for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Unlike hormone-based treatments for mCRPC, PARPis are not without drug-related hematological adverse events. OBJECTIVE To review the evidence on hematological toxicities, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia from PARPis in prostate cancer. STUDY METHODOLOGY A systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA guidelines was performed for phase II and III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PARPis in prostate cancer. PubMed, Embase, and Ovid All EBM reviews-Cochrane were queried from inception to 9 June 2023. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to report risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-grade and high-grade anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia toxicities. RESULTS The systematic review retrieved eight phase II and III RCTs; specifically, eight were included in the anemia, five in the all-grade thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, and four in the high-grade thrombocytopenia and neutropenia outcomes. Compared to a placebo and/or other non-PARPi treatments, PARPi use was associated with an increased risk of all-grade anemia (RR, 3.37; 95% CI, 2.37-4.79; p < 0.00001), thrombocytopenia (RR, 4.54; 95% CI, 1.97-10.44; p = 0.0004), and neutropenia (RR, 3.11; 95% CI, 1.60-6.03; p = 0.0008). High-grade anemia (RR, 6.94; 95% CI, 4.06-11.86; p < 0.00001) and thrombocytopenia (RR, 5.52; 95% CI, 2.80-10.88; p < 0.00001) were also associated with an increased risk, while high-grade neutropenia (RR, 3.63; 95% CI, 0.77-17.23; p = 0.10) showed no significant association. Subgroup stratification analyses showed differences in various all-grade and high-grade toxicities. CONCLUSION PARPis were associated with an increased risk of hematological AEs. Future studies with more pooled RCTs will enhance this understanding and continue to inform patient-physician shared decision-making. Future studies may also have a role in improving the current management strategies for these AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gartrell C. Bowling
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | | | - Carly Heintz
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Ravi A. Madan
- Genitourinary Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Binil Eldhose
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Albert Dobi
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gregory T. Chesnut
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Urology Service, Walter Reed National Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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25
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Güldenpfennig A, Hopp AK, Muskalla L, Manetsch P, Raith F, Hellweg L, Dördelmann C, Leslie Pedrioli D, Johnsson K, Superti-Furga G, Hottiger M. Absence of mitochondrial SLC25A51 enhances PARP1-dependent DNA repair by increasing nuclear NAD+ levels. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:9248-9265. [PMID: 37587695 PMCID: PMC10516648 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Though the effect of the recently identified mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51 on glucose metabolism has been described, its contribution to other NAD+-dependent processes throughout the cell such as ADP-ribosylation remains elusive. Here, we report that absence of SLC25A51 leads to increased NAD+ concentration not only in the cytoplasm and but also in the nucleus. The increase is not associated with upregulation of the salvage pathway, implying an accumulation of constitutively synthesized NAD+ in the cytoplasm and nucleus. This results in an increase of PARP1-mediated nuclear ADP-ribosylation, as well as faster repair of DNA lesions induced by different single-strand DNA damaging agents. Lastly, absence of SLC25A51 reduces both MMS/Olaparib induced PARP1 chromatin retention and the sensitivity of different breast cancer cells to PARP1 inhibition. Together these results provide evidence that SLC25A51 might be a novel target to improve PARP1 inhibitor based therapies by changing subcellular NAD+ redistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anka Güldenpfennig
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Molecular Life Science Ph.D. Program, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ann-Katrin Hopp
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Science, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Muskalla
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Manetsch
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Molecular Life Science Ph.D. Program, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Raith
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars Hellweg
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cyril Dördelmann
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research (IMCR), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Deena M Leslie Pedrioli
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kai Johnsson
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Science, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Yndestad S, Engebrethsen C, Herencia-Ropero A, Nikolaienko O, Vintermyr OK, Lillestøl RK, Minsaas L, Leirvaag B, Iversen GT, Gilje B, Blix ES, Espelid H, Lundgren S, Geisler J, Aase HS, Aas T, Gudlaugsson EG, Llop-Guevara A, Serra V, Janssen EAM, Lønning PE, Knappskog S, Eikesdal HP. Homologous Recombination Deficiency Across Subtypes of Primary Breast Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300338. [PMID: 38039432 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is highly prevalent in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and associated with response to PARP inhibition (PARPi). Here, we studied the prevalence of HRD in non-TNBC to assess the potential for PARPi in a wider group of patients with breast cancer. METHODS HRD status was established using targeted gene panel sequencing (360 genes) and BRCA1 methylation analysis of pretreatment biopsies from 201 patients with primary breast cancer in the phase II PETREMAC trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02624973). HRD was defined as mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, BARD1, or PALB2 and/or promoter methylation of BRCA1 (strict definition; HRD-S). In secondary analyses, a wider definition (HRD-W) was used, examining mutations in 20 additional genes. Furthermore, tumor BRCAness (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification), PAM50 subtyping, RAD51 nuclear foci to test functional HRD, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), and PD-L1 analyses were performed. RESULTS HRD-S was present in 5% of non-TNBC cases (n = 9 of 169), contrasting 47% of the TNBC tumors (n = 15 of 32). HRD-W was observed in 23% of non-TNBC (n = 39 of 169) and 59% of TNBC cases (n = 19 of 32). Of 58 non-TNBC and 30 TNBC biopsies examined for RAD51 foci, 4 of 4 (100%) non-TNBC and 13 of 14 (93%) TNBC cases classified as HRD-S had RAD51 low scores. In contrast, 4 of 17 (24%) non-TNBC and 15 of 19 (79%) TNBC biopsies classified as HRD-W exhibited RAD51 low scores. Of nine non-TNBC tumors with HRD-S status, only one had a basal-like PAM50 signature. There was a high concordance between HRD-S and either BRCAness, high TIL density, or high PD-L1 expression (each P < .001). CONCLUSION The prevalence of HRD in non-TNBC suggests that therapy targeting HRD should be evaluated in a wider breast cancer patient population. Strict HRD criteria should be implemented to increase diagnostic precision with respect to functional HRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synnøve Yndestad
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christina Engebrethsen
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Oleksii Nikolaienko
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav K Vintermyr
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Reidun K Lillestøl
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laura Minsaas
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Beryl Leirvaag
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gjertrud T Iversen
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørnar Gilje
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Egil S Blix
- Immunology Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helge Espelid
- Department of Surgery, Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Steinar Lundgren
- Cancer Clinic, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jürgen Geisler
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hildegunn S Aase
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Turid Aas
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Violeta Serra
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emiel A M Janssen
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Stavanger University, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Per E Lønning
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stian Knappskog
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hans P Eikesdal
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genome-Directed Cancer Therapy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Deceased
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O'Brien S, Butticello M, Thompson C, Wilson B, Wyce A, Mahajan V, Kruger R, Mohammad H, Fedoriw A. Inhibiting PRMT5 induces DNA damage and increases anti-proliferative activity of Niraparib, a PARP inhibitor, in models of breast and ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:775. [PMID: 37596538 PMCID: PMC10436459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerases (PARP) provide clinical benefit to patients with breast and ovarian cancers, by compromising the DNA repair activity of cancer cells. Although these agents extend progression-free survival in many patients, responses can be short lived with many patients ultimately progressing. Identification of combination partners that increase dependence of cancer cells to the DNA repair activity of PARPs may represent a strategy to increase the utility of PARP inhibitors. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) regulates DNA damage response pathways through splicing and protein modification, and inhibitors of PRMT5 have recently entered clinical trials. METHODS The effect of PRMT5 inhibition on the levels of DNA damage and repair markers including γH2AX, RAD51, and 53BP1 was determined using high content immunofluorescent imaging. The anti-proliferative activity of the combination of PRMT5 and PARP inhibitors was evaluated using in vitro models of breast and ovarian cancers using both cell lines and ex vivo patient derived xenografts. Finally, the combinations of PRMT5 and PARP inhibitors were evaluated in cell line xenograft models in vivo. RESULTS Inhibition of PRMT5 by GSK3326595 led to increased levels of markers of DNA damage. The addition of GSK3326595 to the PARP inhibitor, niraparib, resulted in increased growth inhibition of breast and ovarian cancer cell lines and patient derived spheroids. In vivo, the combination improved the partial effects on tumor growth inhibition achieved by either single agent, producing complete tumor stasis and regression. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that inhibition of PRMT5 induced signatures of DNA damage in models of breast and ovarian cancer. Furthermore, combination with the PARP inhibitor, Niraparib, resulted in increased anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these data suggest inhibition of PRMT5 as a mechanism to broaden and enhance the clinical application of PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane O'Brien
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | | | | | - Boris Wilson
- Synthetic Lethality RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Anastasia Wyce
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Vivek Mahajan
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Ryan Kruger
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Helai Mohammad
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Andy Fedoriw
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA.
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA.
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28
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Kamaletdinova T, Zong W, Urbánek P, Wang S, Sannai M, Grigaravičius P, Sun W, Fanaei-Kahrani Z, Mangerich A, Hottiger MO, Li T, Wang ZQ. Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Lacking Enzymatic Activity Is Not Compatible with Mouse Development. Cells 2023; 12:2078. [PMID: 37626888 PMCID: PMC10453916 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) binds DNA lesions to catalyse poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) using NAD+ as a substrate. PARP1 plays multiple roles in cellular activities, including DNA repair, transcription, cell death, and chromatin remodelling. However, whether these functions are governed by the enzymatic activity or scaffolding function of PARP1 remains elusive. In this study, we inactivated in mice the enzymatic activity of PARP1 by truncating its C-terminus that is essential for ART catalysis (PARP1ΔC/ΔC, designated as PARP1-ΔC). The mutation caused embryonic lethality between embryonic day E8.5 and E13.5, in stark contrast to PARP1 complete knockout (PARP1-/-) mice, which are viable. Embryonic stem (ES) cell lines can be derived from PARP1ΔC/ΔC blastocysts, and these mutant ES cells can differentiate into all three germ layers, yet, with a high degree of cystic structures, indicating defects in epithelial cells. Intriguingly, PARP1-ΔC protein is expressed at very low levels compared to its full-length counterpart, suggesting a selective advantage for cell survival. Noticeably, PARP2 is particularly elevated and permanently present at the chromatin in PARP1-ΔC cells, indicating an engagement of PARP2 by non-enzymatic PARP1 protein at the chromatin. Surprisingly, the introduction of PARP1-ΔC mutation in adult mice did not impair their viability; yet, these mutant mice are hypersensitive to alkylating agents, similar to PARP1-/- mutant mice. Our study demonstrates that the catalytically inactive mutant of PARP1 causes the developmental block, plausibly involving PARP2 trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Kamaletdinova
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany; (T.K.); (P.U.); (M.S.); (P.G.); (Z.F.-K.)
| | - Wen Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.); (W.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Pavel Urbánek
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany; (T.K.); (P.U.); (M.S.); (P.G.); (Z.F.-K.)
| | - Sijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.); (W.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Mara Sannai
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany; (T.K.); (P.U.); (M.S.); (P.G.); (Z.F.-K.)
| | - Paulius Grigaravičius
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany; (T.K.); (P.U.); (M.S.); (P.G.); (Z.F.-K.)
| | - Wenli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.); (W.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Zahra Fanaei-Kahrani
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany; (T.K.); (P.U.); (M.S.); (P.G.); (Z.F.-K.)
| | - Aswin Mangerich
- Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany;
- Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael O. Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Tangliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.); (W.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745 Jena, Germany; (T.K.); (P.U.); (M.S.); (P.G.); (Z.F.-K.)
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (W.Z.); (S.W.); (W.S.); (T.L.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Stojanovic P, Luger K, Rudolph J. Slow Dissociation from the PARP1-HPF1 Complex Drives Inhibitor Potency. Biochemistry 2023; 62:2382-2390. [PMID: 37531469 PMCID: PMC10433523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
PARP1, upon binding to damaged DNA, is activated to perform poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) on itself and other proteins, which leads to relaxation of chromatin and recruitment of DNA repair factors. HPF1 was recently discovered as a protein cofactor of PARP1 that directs preferential PARylation of histones over other targets by contributing to and altering the PARP1 active site. Inhibitors of PARP1 (PARPi) are used in the treatment of BRCA-/- cancers, but the basis for their potency in cells, especially in the context of HPF1, is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the simple one-step association for eight different PARPi to PARP1 with measured rates of association (kon) of 0.8-6 μM-1 s-1. We find only minor differences in these on rates when comparing PARP1 with the PARP1-HPF1 complex. By characterizing the rates of dissociation (koff) and the binding constants (KD) for two more recently discovered PARPi, we find, for example, that saruparib has a half-life for dissociation of 22.5 h and fluzoparib has higher affinity for PARP1 in the presence of HPF1, just like the structurally related compound olaparib. By using the measured KD and kon to calculate koff, we find that the potency of PARPi in cells correlates best with the koff from the PARP1-HPF1 complex. Our data suggest that dissociation of a drug compound from the PARP1-HPF1 complex should be the parameter of choice for guiding the development of next-generation PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Stojanovic
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Colorado
Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Karolin Luger
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Colorado
Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, University of
Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Johannes Rudolph
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Colorado
Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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30
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Lovsund T, Mashayekhi F, Fitieh A, Stafford J, Ismail IH. Unravelling the Role of PARP1 in Homeostasis and Tumorigenesis: Implications for Anti-Cancer Therapies and Overcoming Resistance. Cells 2023; 12:1904. [PMID: 37508568 PMCID: PMC10378431 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Detailing the connection between homeostatic functions of enzymatic families and eventual progression into tumorigenesis is crucial to our understanding of anti-cancer therapies. One key enzyme group involved in this process is the Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family, responsible for an expansive number of cellular functions, featuring members well established as regulators of DNA repair, genomic stability and beyond. Several PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved for clinical use in a range of cancers, with many more still in trials. Unfortunately, the occurrence of resistance to PARPi therapy is growing in prevalence and requires the introduction of novel counter-resistance mechanisms to maintain efficacy. In this review, we summarize the updated understanding of the vast homeostatic functions the PARP family mediates and pin the importance of PARPi therapies as anti-cancer agents while discussing resistance mechanisms and current up-and-coming counter-strategies for countering such resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Lovsund
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Mashayekhi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Amira Fitieh
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - James Stafford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ismail Hassan Ismail
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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31
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Wong WW, O'Brien-Gortner SF, Anderson RF, Wilson WR, Hay MP, Dickson BD. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs of phenolic olaparib analogues for tumour-selective chemosensitisation. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1309-1330. [PMID: 37484567 PMCID: PMC10357951 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00117b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are used for treatment of tumours with a defect in homologous recombination (HR) repair. Combination with radio- or chemotherapy could broaden their applicability but a major hurdle is enhancement of normal tissue toxicity. Development of hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) of PARPi has potential to restrict PARP inhibition to tumours thereby avoiding off-target toxicity. We have designed and synthesised phenolic derivatives of olaparib (termed phenolaparibs) and corresponding ether-linked HAPs. Phenolaparib cytotoxicity in HR-proficient and deficient cell lines was consistent with inhibition of PARP-1. Prodrugs were deactivated relative to phenolaparibs in biochemical PARP-1 inhibition assays, and cell culture. Prodrug 7 was selectively converted to phenolaparib 4 under hypoxia and demonstrated hypoxia-selective cytotoxicity, including chemosensitisation of HR-proficient cells in combination with temozolomide. This work demonstrates the feasibility of a HAP approach to PARPi for use in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Way W Wong
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Sophia F O'Brien-Gortner
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Robert F Anderson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland Symonds St Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - William R Wilson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland Symonds St Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Michael P Hay
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland Symonds St Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Benjamin D Dickson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland Symonds St Auckland 1010 New Zealand
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Cecere SC, Casartelli C, Forte M, Pignata S, Pisano C. Safety of PARP inhibitors as maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2023; 22:897-908. [PMID: 37668154 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2254699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antiangiogenic agents and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP-Is) have improved the outcome of patients suffering from ovarian cancer. However, as they are associated with many adverse events (AEs), it is important to be aware of their safety and toxicity profiles. AREAS COVERED We reviewed PARP-I therapeutical indications, mechanism of action, metabolism, and interactions. We reported on all major and minor AEs that have emerged from clinical trials (SOLO1, PRIMA, PAOLA1, ATHENA, SOLO2, NOVA, ARIEL3, NORA), their follow-ups, meta-analyses, and real-world studies, particularly hematologic toxicities and their management, and secondary malignancies (myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia). We also addressed gastrointestinal, neurological, respiratory, hepatic, and renal toxicity and the use of PARP-Is in older, pregnant, and lactating patients. No specific research strategy in terms of keywords, inclusive dates and databases was used. EXPERT OPINION PARP-Is benefits largely outweigh the risks associated with potential AEs. Randomized controlled trials produced strong good, quality data, but they enrolled a selected population and failed to capture rare events. More pharmacovigilance data and real-life studies on a larger and more heterogeneous sample are needed to understand PARP-Is differences and to clarify the incidence of late AEs to balance the risk/benefit ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Chiara Cecere
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Forte
- Department of Precision Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Pisano
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
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Guha Majumdar A, Shree S, Das A, Kumar BK, Dey P, Subramanian M, Patro BS. Design, synthesis and development of a dual inhibitor of Topoisomerase 1 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 for efficient killing of cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115598. [PMID: 37406384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Combinatorial inhibition of Topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an attractive therapeutic strategy which is under active investigation to address chemoresistance to TOP1 inhibitors. However, this combinatorial regimen suffers from severe dose limiting toxicities. Dual inhibitors often offer significant advantages over combinatorial therapies involving individual agents by minimizing toxicity and providing conducive pharmacokinetic profiles. In this study, we have designed, synthesized and evaluated a library of 11 candidate conjugated dual inhibitors for PARP1 and TOP1, named as DiPT-1 to DiPT-11. Our extensive screening showed that one of the hits i.e.DiPT-4 has promising cytotoxicity profile against multiple cancers with limited toxicities towards normal cells. DiPT-4 induces extensive DNA double stand breaks (DSBs), cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. Mechanistically, DiPT-4 has the propensity to bind catalytic pockets of TOP1 and PARP1, leading to significant inhibition of both TOP1 and PARP1 at in vitro and cellular level. Interestingly, DiPT-4 causes extensive stabilization of TOP1-DNA covalent complex (TOP1cc), a key lethal intermediate associated with induction of DSBs and cell death. Moreover, DiPT-4 inhibited poly (ADP-ribosylation) i.e. PARylation of TOP1cc, leading to long lived TOP1cc with a slower kinetics of degradation. This is one of the important molecular processes which helps in overcoming resistance in cancer in response to TOP1 inhibitors. Together, our investigation showed DiPT-4 as a promising dual inhibitor of TOP1 and PARP1, which may have the potential to offer significant advantages over combinatorial therapy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Guha Majumdar
- Bio-Organic Division, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400094, India
| | - Shikha Shree
- Bio-Organic Division, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400094, India
| | - Amit Das
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400094, India
| | - Binita K Kumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India
| | | | - Mahesh Subramanian
- Bio-Organic Division, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400094, India
| | - Birija Sankar Patro
- Bio-Organic Division, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400094, India.
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Cecchini M, Walther Z, Wei W, Hafez N, Pilat MJ, Boerner SA, Durecki DE, Eder JP, Schalper KA, Chen AP, LoRusso P. NCI 7977: A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Intermittent Oral ABT-888 (Veliparib) plus Intravenous Irinotecan Administered in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1113-1117. [PMID: 37377610 PMCID: PMC10292219 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Veliparib is a PARP inhibitor (PARPi) with activity in BRCA 1/2/PALB2-deficient tumors. Preclinical observations reveal topoisomerase inhibitors like irinotecan are synergistic with PARPi irrespective of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), potentially expanding the role for PARPi. Experimental Design NCI 7977 was a multicohort phase I clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of multiple dose schedules of veliparib with irinotecan for solid tumors. In the intermittent veliparib cohort, escalating doses of veliparib were given twice daily at dose level (DL) 1 (50 mg) and DL 2 (100 mg) days 1-4 and 8-11 with irinotecan 100 mg/m2 days 3 and 10 in 21-day cycles. Results Fifteen patients enrolled, 8 of 15 (53%) received ≥4 prior systemic treatments. At DL1, 1 of 6 patients experienced a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of diarrhea. At DL2, 9 patients were treated, with 3 unevaluable for DLT, and 2 of 6 evaluable patients experienced a DLT of grade 3 neutropenia. Irinotecan 100 mg/m2 and veliparib 50 mg twice daily was the MTD. No objective responses were observed, although 4 patients had progression-free survival >6 months. Conclusions The MTD of intermittent veliparib is 50 mg twice daily days 1-4 and 8-11 with weekly irinotecan 100 mg/m2 days 3 and 10 every 21 days. Multiple patients experienced prolonged stable disease irrespective of HRD and prior irinotecan. However, due to the toxicities with higher dose intermittent veliparib and irinotecan, this schedule was determined too toxic for further development and the arm was closed prematurely. Significance The combination of intermittent veliparib with weekly irinotecan was deemed too toxic for further development. Future PARPi combinations should focus on agents with nonoverlapping toxicities to improve tolerability. The treatment combination showed limited efficacy with prolonged stable disease observed in multiple heavily pretreated patients, but no objective responses were seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cecchini
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zenta Walther
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Navid Hafez
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary Jo Pilat
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Scott A. Boerner
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Diane E. Durecki
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph P. Eder
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kurt A. Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alice P. Chen
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patricia LoRusso
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Cecchini M, Zhang JY, Wei W, Sklar J, Lacy J, Zhong M, Kong Y, Zhao H, DiPalermo J, Devine L, Stein SM, Kortmansky J, Johung KL, Bindra RS, LoRusso P, Schalper KA. Quantitative DNA Repair Biomarkers and Immune Profiling for Temozolomide and Olaparib in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1132-1139. [PMID: 37387791 PMCID: PMC10305782 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-silenced tumors reveal sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ), which may be enhanced by PARP inhibitors. Approximately 40% of colorectal cancer has MGMT silencing and we aimed to measure antitumoral and immunomodulatory effects from TMZ and olaparib in colorectal cancer. Experimental Design Patients with advanced colorectal cancer were screened for MGMT promoter hypermethylation using methylation-specific PCR of archival tumor. Eligible patients received TMZ 75 mg/m2 days 1-7 with olaparib 150 mg twice daily every 21 days. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were collected for whole-exome sequencing (WES), and multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) of MGMT protein expression and immune markers. Results MGMT promoter hypermethylation was detected in 18/51 (35%) patients, 9 received study treatment with no objective responses, 5/9 had stable disease (SD) and 4/9 had progressive disease as best response. Three patients had clinical benefit: carcinoembryonic antigen reduction, radiographic tumor regression, and prolonged SD. MGMT expression by multiplex QIF revealed prominent tumor MGMT protein from 6/9 patients without benefit, while MGMT protein was lower in 3/9 with benefit. Moreover, benefitting patients had higher baseline CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. WES revealed 8/9 patients with MAP kinase variants (7 KRAS and 1 ERBB2). Flow cytometry identified peripheral expansion of effector T cells. Conclusions Our results indicate discordance between MGMT promoter hypermethylation and MGMT protein expression. Antitumor activity seen in patients with low MGMT protein expression, supports MGMT protein as a predictor of alkylator sensitivity. Increased CD8+ TILs and peripheral activated T cells, suggest a role for immunostimulatory combinations. Significance TMZ and PARP inhibitors synergize in vitro and in vivo in tumors with MGMT silencing. Up to 40% of colorectal cancer is MGMT promoter hypermethylated, and we investigated whether TMZ and olaparib are effective in this population. We also measured MGMT by QIF and observed efficacy only in patients with low MGMT, suggesting quantitative MGMT biomarkers more accurately predict benefit to alkylator combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cecchini
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Janie Y. Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeffrey Sklar
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jill Lacy
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Minghao Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yong Kong
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jassim DiPalermo
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lesley Devine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Stacey M. Stein
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jeremy Kortmansky
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kimberly L. Johung
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ranjit S. Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Patricia LoRusso
- Department of Internal Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kurt A. Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Antherieu G, Heiblig M, Freyer G, Ghesquieres H, Falandry C. Impact of Age on Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor (PARPi)-Induced Lymphopenia: A Scoping Review of the Literature and Internal Analysis of a Retrospective Database. Drugs Aging 2023; 40:397-405. [PMID: 37081248 PMCID: PMC10118227 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-023-01023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are increasingly used in oncology; their hematological toxicities affect classically red, platelet and neutrophil lineages, but some opportunistic infections have been reported concomitantly to deep lymphopenias. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to provide an external and internal analysis of the crossed impacts of PARPi and age on lymphopenia risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS A scoping review was performed on the PubMed and Embase databases to assess the reporting of lymphocyte rates in original studies on PARPi treatment for adult patients up to 1 April 2022. A retrospective cohort was extracted from the medical charts of all patients treated for gynecological cancer at our institution from 2015 to 2022 in accordance with ethical regulations. RESULTS The scoping review research strategy retrieved 5840 abstracts; 225 studies were selected for full-text analysis. Lymphopenia was reported in 41.8% of the studies; frequency of all-grade and grade ≥ 3 lymphopenia reached 20.5% and 8.9%, respectively. Grade ≥ 3 lymphopenia was significantly higher in studies including older patients (median age ≥ 60 years vs. < 60 years), at 7.5% vs. 10.3% (p < 0.0001). PARIB-OLD-HCL included 46 patients, 19 of whom were aged < 70 years (median 44 years) and 27 of whom were aged ≥ 70 years (median 79 years); the frequency of all-grade and grade ≥ 3 lymphopenia reached 67% (< 70 years: 63%; ≥ 70 years: 70%) and 13% (< 70 years: 5%; ≥ 70 years: 19%), respectively. CONCLUSION Lymphopenia events were much more frequent in real-life than in previously reported studies, particularly in older patients. Future work is needed to improve patient follow-up and discuss prophylactic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Antherieu
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Maël Heiblig
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Gilles Freyer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Hervé Ghesquieres
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Claire Falandry
- Geriatric Department of Geriatric Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France.
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Tang H, Kulkarni S, Peters C, Eddison J, Al-Ani M, Madhusudan S. The Current Status of DNA-Repair-Directed Precision Oncology Strategies in Epithelial Ovarian Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087293. [PMID: 37108451 PMCID: PMC10138422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Survival outcomes for patients with advanced ovarian cancer remain poor despite advances in chemotherapy and surgery. Platinum-based systemic chemotherapy can result in a response rate of up to 80%, but most patients will have recurrence and die from the disease. Recently, the DNA-repair-directed precision oncology strategy has generated hope for patients. The clinical use of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in BRCA germ-line-deficient and/or platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancers has improved survival. However, the emergence of resistance is an ongoing clinical challenge. Here, we review the current clinical state of PARP inhibitors and other clinically viable targeted approaches in epithelial ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu Tang
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Sanat Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals, Lyndon, West Bromwich B71 4HJ, UK
| | - Christina Peters
- Department of Oncology, Sussex Cancer Centre, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton BN2 5BD, UK
| | - Jasper Eddison
- College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maryam Al-Ani
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK
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38
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Malhotra MK, Pahuja S, Kiesel BF, Appleman LJ, Ding F, Lin Y, Tawbi HA, Stoller RG, Lee JJ, Belani CP, Chen AP, Giranda VL, Shepherd SP, Emens LA, Ivy SP, Chu E, Beumer JH, Puhalla S. A phase 1 study of veliparib (ABT-888) plus weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel in advanced solid malignancies, with an expansion cohort in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (ETCTN 8620). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:487-498. [PMID: 36853577 PMCID: PMC10710035 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Veliparib is a poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, and it has clinical activity with every 3 weeks carboplatin and paclitaxel. In breast cancer, weekly paclitaxel is associated with improved overall survival. We aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of veliparib with weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel as well as safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary clinical activity in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS Patients with locally advanced/metastatic solid tumors and adequate organ function were eligible. A standard 3 + 3 dose-escalation design was followed by a TNBC expansion cohort. Veliparib doses ranging from 50 to 200 mg orally bid were tested with carboplatin (AUC 2) and paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) given weekly in a 21-day cycle. Adverse events (AE) were evaluated by CTCAE v4.0, and objective response rate (ORR) was determined by RECIST 1.1. RESULTS Thirty patients were enrolled, of whom 22 had TNBC. Two dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The RP2D was determined to be 150 mg PO bid veliparib with weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel 2 weeks on, 1 week off, based on hematologic toxicity requiring dose reduction in the first 5 cycles of treatment. The most common grade 3/4 AEs included neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. PK parameters of veliparib were comparable to single-agent veliparib. In 23 patients with evaluable disease, the ORR was 65%. In 19 patients with TNBC with evaluable disease, the ORR was 63%. CONCLUSION Veliparib can be safely combined with weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin, and this triplet combination has promising clinical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica K Malhotra
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shalu Pahuja
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian F Kiesel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Leonard J Appleman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fei Ding
- Biostatistics Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hussein A Tawbi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald G Stoller
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James J Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chandra P Belani
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Alice P Chen
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | | | | | - Leisha A Emens
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S Percy Ivy
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edward Chu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Hillman Research Pavilion, Room G27E, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-1863, USA.
| | - Shannon Puhalla
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Magee Women's Hospital, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Yang C, Wierbiłowicz K, Dworak NM, Bae SY, Tengse SB, Abianeh N, Drake JM, Abbas T, Ratan A, Wotton D, Paschal BM. Induction of PARP7 Creates a Vulnerability for Growth Inhibition by RBN2397 in Prostate Cancer Cells. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:592-606. [PMID: 37077937 PMCID: PMC10108886 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP7 modulates protein function by conjugating ADP-ribose to the side chains of acceptor amino acids. PARP7 has been shown to affect gene expression in prostate cancer cells and certain other cell types by mechanisms that include transcription factor ADP-ribosylation. Here, we use a recently developed catalytic inhibitor to PARP7, RBN2397, to study the effects of PARP7 inhibition in androgen receptor (AR)-positive and AR-negative prostate cancer cells. We find that RBN2397 has nanomolar potency for inhibiting androgen-induced ADP-ribosylation of the AR. RBN2397 inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells in culture when cells are treated with ligands that activate the AR, or the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and induce PARP7 expression. We show that the growth-inhibitory effects of RBN2397 are distinct from its enhancement of IFN signaling recently shown to promote tumor immunogenicity. RBN2397 treatment also induces trapping of PARP7 in a detergent-resistant fraction within the nucleus, which is reminiscent of how inhibitors such as talazoparib affect PARP1 compartmentalization. Because PARP7 is expressed in AR-negative metastatic tumors and RBN2397 can affect cancer cells through multiple mechanisms, PARP7 may be an actionable target in advanced prostate cancer. Significance RBN2397 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PARP7 that reduces the growth of prostate cancer cells, including a model for treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer. RBN2397 induces PARP7 trapping on chromatin, suggesting its mechanism of action might be similar to clinically used PARP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Krzysztof Wierbiłowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Natalia M. Dworak
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Song Yi Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sachi B. Tengse
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Nicki Abianeh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Justin M. Drake
- Department of Pharmacology and Urology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Tarek Abbas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Aakrosh Ratan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - David Wotton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bryce M. Paschal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Sohn EJ, Goralsky JA, Shay JW, Min J. The Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects of Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071945. [PMID: 37046606 PMCID: PMC10093677 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As detailed by the end replication problem, the linear ends of a cell's chromosomes, known as telomeres, shorten with each successive round of replication until a cell enters into a state of growth arrest referred to as senescence. To maintain their immortal proliferation capacity, cancer cells must employ a telomere maintenance mechanism, such as telomerase activation or the Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres pathway (ALT). With only 10-15% of cancers utilizing the ALT mechanism, progress towards understanding its molecular components and associated hallmarks has only recently been made. This review analyzes the advances towards understanding the ALT pathway by: (1) detailing the mechanisms associated with engaging the ALT pathway as well as (2) identifying potential therapeutic targets of ALT that may lead to novel cancer therapeutic treatments. Collectively, these studies indicate that the ALT molecular mechanisms involve at least two distinct pathways induced by replication stress and damage at telomeres. We suggest exploiting tumor dependency on ALT is a promising field of study because it suggests new approaches to ALT-specific therapies for cancers with poorer prognosis. While substantial progress has been made in the ALT research field, additional progress will be required to realize these advances into clinical practices to treat ALT cancers and improve patient prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Sohn
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Julia A Goralsky
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, USA
| | - Jaewon Min
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Zheng R, Yu Y, Lv L, Zhang Y, Deng H, Li J, Zhang B. m 6A reader HNRNPA2B1 destabilization of ATG4B regulates autophagic activity, proliferation and olaparib sensitivity in breast cancer. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113487. [PMID: 36693492 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine RNA (m6A) is the most extensive epigenetic modification in mRNA and influences tumor progression. However, the role of m6A regulators and specific mechanisms in breast cancer still need further study. Here, we investigated the significance of the m6A reader HNRNPA2B1 and explored its influence on autophagy and drug sensitivity in breast cancer. HNRNPA2B1 was selected by bioinformatics analysis, and its high expression level was identified in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. HNRNPA2B1 was related to poor prognosis. Downregulation of HNRNPA2B1 reduced proliferation, enhanced autophagic flux, and partially reversed de novo resistance to olaparib in breast cancer. ATG4B was determined by RIP and MeRIP assays as a downstream gene of HNRNPA2B1, by which recognized the m6A site in the 3'UTR. Overexpression of ATG4B rescued the malignancy driven by HNRNPA2B1 in breast cancer cells and increased the olaparib sensitivity. Our study revealed that the m6A reader HNRNPA2B1 mediated proliferation and autophagy in breast cancer cell lines by facilitating ATG4B mRNA decay and targeting HNRNPA2B1/m6A/ATG4B might enhance the olaparib sensitivity of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjing Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Province, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhang Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Province, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqiu Lv
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Province, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Province, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Deng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Province, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyong Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huangpi People's Hospital, Jianghan University, Wuhan Province, 430300, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Province, 430022, People's Republic of China.
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Lu LD, Salvino JM. The In-Cell Western immunofluorescence assay to monitor PROTAC mediated protein degradation. Methods Enzymol 2023; 681:115-153. [PMID: 36764754 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The In-Cell Western plate-based immunofluorescence assay is a useful methodology for monitoring protein levels and provides a facile moderate through-put method for PROTAC and degrader optimization. The method is compared to other reported assays used for PROTAC development. The advantages of this method are the greater through-put compared to Western blots due to its plate-based method and the ease to transfer between cells lines. Adherent cell lines are preferred, although suspension cells can be used following recommended modifications and precautions to the protocol. This method requires a high-quality antibody that recognizes the protein epitope in its cellular context, and in general provides data similar to Western blots with higher assay through-put.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily D Lu
- Molecular Screening and Protein Expression Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joseph M Salvino
- Molecular Screening and Protein Expression Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Medicinal Chemistry, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Ishiwata-Endo H, Kato J, Oda H, Sun J, Yu ZX, Liu C, Springer DA, Dagur P, Lizak MJ, Murphy E, Moss J. Mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 ( Artc1 )-deficiency decreases tumorigenesis, increases inflammation, decreases cardiac contractility, and reduces survival. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.06.527366. [PMID: 36945646 PMCID: PMC10028742 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.06.527366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosylation is a reversible post-translational modification; arginine-specific, cholera toxin-like mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTCs) transfer ADP-ribose from NAD + to arginine, followed by cleavage of ADP-ribose-(arginine)protein bond by ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase 1 (ARH1), generating unmodified (arginine)protein. ARTC1 has been shown to enhance tumorigenicity as does Arh1 deficiency. In this study, Artc1 -KO and Artc1/Arh1 -double-KO mice showed decreased spontaneous tumorigenesis and increased age-dependent, multi-organ inflammation with upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF- α . In a xenograft model using tumorigenic Arh1 -KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), tumorigenicity was decreased in Artc1 -KO and heterozygous recipient mice, with tumor infiltration by CD8 + T cells and macrophages, leading to necroptosis, suggesting that ARTC1 promotes the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, Artc1/Arh1 -double-KO MEFs showed decreased tumorigenesis in nude mice, showing that tumor cells as well as tumor microenvironment require ARTC1. By echocardiography and MRI, Artc1 -KO and heterozygous mice showed male-specific, reduced myocardial contractility. Furthermore, Artc1 -KO male hearts exhibited enhanced susceptibility to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury with increased receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) protein levels compared to WT mice, suggesting that ARTC1 suppresses necroptosis. Overall survival rate of Artc1 -KO was less than their Artc1 -WT counterparts, primarily due to enhanced immune response and inflammation. Thus, anti-ARTC1 agents may reduce tumorigenesis but may increase multi-organ inflammation and decrease cardiac contractility.
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Rodler E, Sharma P, Barlow WE, Gralow JR, Puhalla SL, Anders CK, Goldstein L, Tripathy D, Brown-Glaberman UA, Huynh TT, Szyarto CS, Godwin AK, Pathak HB, Swisher EM, Radke MR, Timms KM, Lew DL, Miao J, Pusztai L, Hayes DF, Hortobagyi GN. Cisplatin with veliparib or placebo in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and BRCA mutation-associated breast cancer (S1416): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:162-174. [PMID: 36623515 PMCID: PMC9924094 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are effective in germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation-associated metastatic breast cancer. However, studies evaluating PARP inhibitors plus platinum-based chemotherapy in germline BRCA1/2-wildtype triple-negative breast cancer are scarce. A large proportion of germline BRCA1/2-wildtype triple-negative breast cancer shows homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), resulting in a BRCA-like phenotype that might render sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. The S1416 trial assessed the efficacy of cisplatin combined with the PARP inhibitor veliparib in three predefined groups of metastatic breast cancer: germline BRCA1/2-mutated, BRCA-like, and non-BRCA-like. METHODS S1416 was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial conducted at 154 community and academic clinical sites across the USA. Eligible patients aged 18 years or older had metastatic or recurrent triple-negative breast cancer or germline BRCA1/2-associated metastatic or recurrent breast cancer, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2, and had received up to one line of chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) via the National Clinical Trials Network open interactive system with dynamic balancing on number of previous cytotoxic regimens for metastatic disease to receive intravenous cisplatin (75 mg/m2, day 1) combined with either veliparib or matching placebo (300 mg orally twice a day, days 1-14) on a 21-day cycle. Investigators, patients, and the sponsors were masked to treatment assignment; the study statisticians were unmasked. Central testing after ran domisation classified patients as having mutated or wildtype germline BRCA1/2. A biomarker panel established a priori was used to classify patients with wildtype germline BRCA1/2 into BRCA-like and non-BRCA-like phenotype groups, with BRCA-like status based on at least one of the biomarkers: genomic instability score (≥42), somatic BRCA1/2 mutations, BRCA1 promoter methylation, or non-BRCA1/2 homologous recombination repair germline mutations. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival, analysed separately for the three predefined biomarker groups with a prespecified α value for each analysis. Efficacy analyses were done by intention to treat and included all eligible patients. Safety analyses of toxicities attributed to treatment included all patients who received at least one dose of veliparib or placebo. The study is ongoing and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02595905. FINDINGS Between July 7, 2016, and June 15, 2019, 335 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned. 320 patients (n=162 to cisplatin plus veliparib, all women; and n=158 to cisplatin plus placebo, 157 women and one man) were eligible for efficacy evaluation. 247 patients were classified into the three biomarker groups: germline BRCA1/2-mutated (n=37), BRCA-like (n=101), and non-BRCA-like (n=109). 73 patients could not be classified due to missing biomarker information. Median follow-up was 11·1 months (IQR 5·6-20·8). In the germline BRCA1/2-mutated group, median progression-free survival was 6·2 months (95% CI 2·3-9·2) in the cisplatin plus veliparib group and 6·4 months (4·3-8·2) in the cisplatin plus placebo group (HR 0·79 [95% CI 0·38-1·67]; log-rank p=0·54). In the BRCA-like group, median progression-free survival was 5·9 months (95% CI 4·3-7·8) in the cisplatin plus veliparib group versus 4·2 months (2·3-5·0) in the cisplatin plus placebo group (HR 0·57 [95% CI 0·37-0·88]; p=0·010). In the non-BRCA-like group, median progression-free survival was 4·0 months (95% CI 2·5-4·7) in the cisplatin plus veliparib group versus 3·0 months (2·2-4·4) in the cisplatin plus placebo group (HR 0·89 [95% CI 0·60-1·33]; p=0·57). The most common grade 3 or worse adverse events attributed to treatment were neutropenia (71 [46%] of 155 patients in the cisplatin plus veliparib group vs 29 [20%] of 147 in the cisplatin plus placebo group), leukopenia (42 [27%] vs 11 [7%]), anaemia (35 [23%] vs 12 [8%]), and thrombocytopenia (29 [19%] vs four [3%]). Serious adverse events attributed to treatment occurred in 48 (31%) patients in the cisplatin plus veliparib group and 53 (36%) patients in the cisplatin plus placebo group. Treatment-related adverse events led to death in one patient in the cisplatin plus veliparib group (sepsis) and one patient in the cisplatin plus placebo group (acute kidney injury due to cisplatin plus heart failure from previous doxorubicin exposure). INTERPRETATION The addition of veliparib to cisplatin significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with BRCA-like metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, but not in patients with non-BRCA-like metastatic breast cancer. PARP inhibitors combined with platinum-based chemotherapy should be explored further in BRCA-like triple-negative breast cancer. FUNDING National Cancer Institute and National Institute of General Medical Sciences (US National Institutes of Health); AbbVie; Myriad Genetics; the Biomarker, Imaging, and Quality of Life Studies Funding Program (awarded by the National Cancer Institute); and The University of Kansas Cancer Center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Rodler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, KS, USA.
| | - William E Barlow
- Department of Biostatistics, SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie R Gralow
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shannon L Puhalla
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carey K Anders
- Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lori Goldstein
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Debu Tripathy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ursa A Brown-Glaberman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; New Mexico MU-NCORP, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Thu-Tam Huynh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Kaiser Permanente NCORP, Anaheim, CA, USA; Kaiser Permanente Medical Group, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S Szyarto
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Genesee Hematology Oncology PC, Flint, MI, USA; Michigan CRC NCORP, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Harsh B Pathak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Swisher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marc R Radke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kirsten M Timms
- Department of Research, Myriad Genetics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Danika L Lew
- Department of Biostatistics, SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jieling Miao
- Department of Biostatistics, SWOG Statistical and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Department of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel F Hayes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Caruso G, Gigli F, Parma G, Lapresa M, Derio S, Palaia I, Colombo N. Myeloid neoplasms post PARP inhibitors for ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023; 33:598-606. [PMID: 36707087 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of myeloid neoplasms following treatment with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) in patients with ovarian cancer has been gradually increasing over the last few years. The cumulative exposure to PARPi and the improved overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer may represent key underlying explanations behind such trend. Fortunately, the earlier introduction of PARPi in the frontline setting reduces the risk of developing secondary myeloid neoplasms. The etiopathogenesis is still unclear but is likely to be multifactorial. The first 2 years of PARPi exposure seem to be the critical window for the onset of myeloid neoplasms post PARPi, with persistent cytopenia recognized as an early warning sign. Despite intensive treatment strategies, the outcome remains poor. There is an unmet clinical need to learn how to minimize risk, make an early diagnosis, and manage myeloid neoplasms post PARPi. First, decision making regarding the optimal maintenance treatment should avoid a 'PARPi-for-all' strategy. PARPi should be used cautiously in cases of high baseline risk for myeloid neoplasms and/or patients who are less likely to have a benefit. Active surveillance, accurate differential diagnosis, and prompt hematological referral are key management pillars. This review discusses what is known on this emerging issue as well as unresolved questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy .,Gynecologic Oncology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Gigli
- Onco-Hematology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Parma
- Gynecologic Oncology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Derio
- Gynecologic Oncology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Innocenza Palaia
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- Medical Gynecologic Oncology Unit, University of Milan Bicocca, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Choi H, Kim K. Theranostics for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020272. [PMID: 36673082 PMCID: PMC9857659 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis. Current endocrine therapy or anti HER-2 therapy is not available for these patients. Chemotherapeutic treatment response varies among patients due to the disease heterogeneity. To overcome these challenges, theranostics for treating TNBC have been widely investigated. Anticancer material conjugated nanoparticles with target-binding ligand and tracer agents enable simultaneous drug delivery and visualization of the lesion with minimal off-target toxicity. In this review, we summarize recently FDA-approved targeted therapies for TNBC, such as poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, check point inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates. Particularly, novel theranostic approaches including lipid-based, polymer-based, and carbon-based nanocarriers are discussed, which can provide basic overview of nano-therapeutic modalities in TNBC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryeon Choi
- Department of Surgery, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Taylor AK, Kosoff D, Emamekhoo H, Lang JM, Kyriakopoulos CE. PARP inhibitors in metastatic prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1159557. [PMID: 37168382 PMCID: PMC10165068 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1159557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are an emerging therapeutic option for the treatment of prostate cancer. Their primary mechanism of action is via induction of synthetic lethality in cells with underlying deficiencies in homologous recombination repair (HRR). In men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and select HRR pathway alterations, PARPi treatment has been shown to induce objective tumor responses as well as improve progression free and overall survival. Presently, there are two PARPi, olaparib and rucaparib, that are FDA approved in the treatment of mCRPC. Ongoing research is focused on identifying which HRR alterations are best suited to predict response to PARPi so that these therapies can be most effectively utilized in the clinic. While resistance to PARPi remains a concern, combination therapies may represent a mechanism to overcome or delay resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K. Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - David Kosoff
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Hamid Emamekhoo
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Joshua M. Lang
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christos E. Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Christos E. Kyriakopoulos,
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Chan EM, Foster KJ, Bass AJ. WRN Is a Promising Synthetic Lethal Target for Cancers with Microsatellite Instability (MSI). Cancer Treat Res 2023; 186:313-328. [PMID: 37978143 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30065-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI), a type of genetic hypermutability arising from impaired DNA mismatch repair (MMR), is observed in approximately 3% of all cancers. Preclinical work has identified the RecQ helicase WRN as a promising synthetic lethal target for patients with MSI cancers. WRN depletion substantially impairs the viability of MSI, but not microsatellite stable (MSS), cells. Experimental evidence suggests that this synthetic lethal phenotype is driven by numerous TA dinucleotide repeats that undergo expansion mutations in the setting of long-standing MMR deficiency. The lengthening of TA repeats increases their propensity to form secondary DNA structures that require WRN to resolve. In the absence of WRN helicase activity, these unresolved DNA secondary structures stall DNA replication forks and induce catastrophic DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond M Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University, New York, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
- New York Genome Center, New York, USA.
| | | | - Adam J Bass
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, USA
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You B, Sehgal V, Hosmane B, Huang X, Ansell PJ, Dinh MH, Bell-McGuinn K, Luo X, Fleming GF, Friedlander M, Bookman MA, Moore KN, Steffensen KD, Coleman RL, Swisher EM. CA-125 KELIM as a Potential Complementary Tool for Predicting Veliparib Benefit: An Exploratory Analysis From the VELIA/GOG-3005 Study. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:107-116. [PMID: 35867965 PMCID: PMC9788978 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In VELIA trial, veliparib combined with carboplatin-paclitaxel, followed by maintenance (veliparib-throughout) was associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with carboplatin-paclitaxel alone in patients with high-grade ovarian carcinomas. We explored the prognostic value of the modeled cancer antigen (CA)-125 elimination rate constant K (KELIM), which is known to be an indicator of the intrinsic tumor chemosensitivity (the faster the rate of CA-125 decline, the higher the KELIM and the higher the chemosensitivity), and its association with benefit from veliparib. PATIENTS AND METHODS Individual KELIM values were estimated from longitudinal CA-125 kinetics. Patients were categorized as having favorable (≥ median) or unfavorable (< median) KELIM. The prognostic value of KELIM for veliparib-related PFS benefit was explored in cohorts treated with primary or interval debulking surgery, according to the surgery completeness, the disease progression risk group, and the homologous recombination (HR) status (BRCA mutation, HR deficiency [HRD], or HR proficiency [HRP]). RESULTS The data from 854 of 1,140 enrolled patients were analyzed (primary debulking surgery, n = 700; interval debulking surgery, n = 154). Increasing KELIM values were associated with higher benefit from veliparib in HRD cancer, as were decreasing KELIM values in HRP cancer. The highest PFS benefit from veliparib was observed in patients with both favorable KELIM and BRCA mutation (hazard ratio, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.61) or BRCA wild-type HRD cancer (hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.70), consistent with the association between poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor efficacy and platinum sensitivity. In contrast, seventy-four percent of patients with a BRCA mutation and unfavorable KELIM progressed within 18 months while on veliparib. The patients with HRP cancer and unfavorable KELIM might have benefited from the veliparib chemosensitizing effect. CONCLUSION In addition to HRD/BRCA status, the tumor primary chemosensitivity observed during the first-line chemotherapy might be another complementary determinant of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit You
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, EA 3738 CICLY, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, GINECO, Lyon, France,Centre d'Investigation des Thérapeutiques en Oncologie et Hématologie de Lyon (CITOHL), Hospices Civils de Lyon (IC-HCL), Lyon, France,Benoit You, MD, PhD, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Centre d'Investigation de Thérapeutiques en Oncologie et Hématologie de Lyon (CITOHL)/Lyon Investigational Center for Treatments in Oncology and Hematology, Service d'oncologie médicale, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Benite, France; Twitter: @benoityoulyon; e-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Friedlander
- Prince of Wales Clinical School UNSW and Prince of Wales Hospital and ANZGOG, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Kathleen N. Moore
- Stephenson Cancer Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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Ragupathi A, Singh M, Perez AM, Zhang D. Targeting the BRCA1/ 2 deficient cancer with PARP inhibitors: Clinical outcomes and mechanistic insights. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1133472. [PMID: 37035242 PMCID: PMC10073599 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1133472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 play a critical role in a variety of molecular processes related to DNA metabolism, including homologous recombination and mediating the replication stress response. Individuals with mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) genes have a significantly higher risk of developing various types of cancers, especially cancers of the breast, ovary, pancreas, and prostate. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved four PARP inhibitors (PARPi) to treat cancers with BRCA1/2 mutations. In this review, we will first summarize the clinical outcomes of the four FDA-approved PARPi in treating BRCA1/2 deficient cancers. We will then discuss evidence supporting the hypothesis that the cytotoxic effect of PARPi is likely due to inducing excessive replication stress at the difficult-to-replicate (DTR) genomic regions in BRCA1/2 mutated tumors. Finally, we will discuss the ongoing preclinical and clinical studies on how to combine the PARPi with immuno-oncology drugs to further improve clinical outcomes.
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