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Vettorazzi M, Díaz I, Angelina E, Salido S, Gutierrez L, Alvarez SE, Cobo J, Enriz RD. Second generation of pyrimidin-quinolone hybrids obtained from virtual screening acting as sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors and potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107112. [PMID: 38237390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We report here the virtual screening design, synthesis and activity of eight new inhibitors of SphK1. For this study we used a pre-trained Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) combined with docking calculations. This exploratory analysis proposed nine compounds from which eight displayed significant inhibitory effect against sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) demonstrating a high level of efficacy for this approach. Four of these compounds also displayed anticancer activity against different tumor cell lines, and three of them (5), (6) and (7) have shown a wide inhibitory action against many of the cancer cell line tested, with GI50 below 5 µM, being (5) the most promising with TGI below 10 µM for the half of cell lines. Our results suggest that the three most promising compounds reported here are the pyrimidine-quinolone hybrids (1) and (6) linked by p-aminophenylsulfanyl and o-aminophenol fragments respectively, and (8) without such aryl linker. We also performed an exhaustive study about the molecular interactions that stabilize the different ligands at the binding site of SphK1. This molecular modeling analysis was carried out by using combined techniques: docking calculations, MD simulations and QTAIM analysis. In this study we also included PF543, as reference compound, in order to better understand the molecular behavior of these ligands at the binding site of SphK1.These results provide useful information for the design of new inhibitors of SphK1 possessing these structural scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Vettorazzi
- Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina
| | - Iván Díaz
- Universidad de Jaén, Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Emilio Angelina
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Departamento de Química, Área de Química Física, Laboratorio de Estructura Molecular y Propiedades, Avda. Libertad 5460, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Sofía Salido
- Universidad de Jaén, Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Lucas Gutierrez
- Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sergio E Alvarez
- Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina
| | - Justo Cobo
- Universidad de Jaén, Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Ejercito de los Andes 950, (5700) San Luis, Argentina.
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Liang J, Li L, Li L, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Xiao X. Lipid metabolism reprogramming in head and neck cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1271505. [PMID: 37927468 PMCID: PMC10622980 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1271505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism reprogramming is one of the most prominent metabolic anomalies in cancer, wherein cancer cells undergo dysregulation of lipid metabolism to acquire adequate energy, cell membrane building blocks, as well as signaling molecules essential for cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. These adaptations enable cancer cells to effectively respond to challenges posed by the tumor microenvironment, leading to cancer therapy resistance and poor cancer prognosis. Head and neck cancer, ranking as the seventh most prevalent cancer, exhibits numerous abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Nevertheless, the precise role of lipid metabolic rewiring in head and neck cancer remains unclear. In line with the LIPID MAPS Lipid Classification System and cancer risk factors, the present review delves into the dysregulated molecules and pathways participating in the process of lipid uptake, biosynthesis, transportation, and catabolism. We also present an overview of the latest advancements in understanding alterations in lipid metabolism and how they intersect with the carcinogenesis, development, treatment, and prognosis of head and neck cancer. By shedding light on the significance of metabolic therapy, we aspire to improve the overall prognosis and treatment outcomes of head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Limei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
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Bonica J, Clarke C, Obeid LM, Luberto C, Hannun YA. Upregulation of sphingosine kinase 1 in response to doxorubicin generates an angiogenic response via stabilization of Snail. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22787. [PMID: 36723905 PMCID: PMC9979566 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201066r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) converts the pro-death lipid sphingosine to the pro-survival sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and is upregulated in several cancers. DNA damaging agents, such as the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (Dox), have been shown to degrade SK1 protein in cancer cells, a process dependent on wild-type p53. As mutations in p53 are very common across several types of cancer, we evaluated the effects of Dox on SK1 in p53 mutant cancer cells. In the p53 mutant breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, we show that Dox treatment significantly increases SK1 protein and S1P. Using MDA-MB-231 cells with CRISPR-mediated knockout of SK1 or the selective SK1 inhibitor PF-543, we implicated SK1 in both Dox-induced migration and in a newly uncovered proangiogenic program induced by Dox. Mechanistically, inhibition of SK1 suppressed the induction of the cytokine BMP4 and of the EMT transcription factor Snail in response to Dox. Interestingly, induction of BMP4 by SK1 increased Snail levels following Dox treatment by stabilizing Snail protein. Furthermore, we found that SK1 was required for Dox-induced p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation and that active p38 MAPK in turn upregulated BMP4 and Snail, positioning p38 downstream of SK1 and upstream of BMP4/Snail. Modulating production of S1P by inhibition of de novo sphingolipid synthesis or knockdown of the S1P-degrading enzyme S1P lyase identified S1P as the sphingolipid activator of p38 in this model. This work establishes a novel angiogenic pathway in response to a commonly utilized chemotherapeutic and highlights the potential of SK1 as a secondary drug target for patients with p53 mutant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bonica
- Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | | | - Lina M. Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Luberto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Yusuf A. Hannun
- Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
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SPHK/HIF-1α Signaling Pathway Has a Critical Role in Chrysin-Induced Anticancer Activity in Hypoxia-Induced PC-3 Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182787. [PMID: 36139362 PMCID: PMC9496844 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a typical feature of locally advanced solid tumors including prostate cancer, is a critical contributor to tumor progression and causes resistance to therapy. In this study, we investigated the effects of chrysin on tumor progression in hypoxic PC-3 cells. Chrysin exerted a significant inhibitory effect on 3D cell growth under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. It also decreased the hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry and attenuated the expression of HIF-1α and VE-cadherin. Chrysin inhibited HIF-1α accumulation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in hypoxic PC-3 cells, while also suppressing the expression of HIF-1α by inhibiting SPHK-1 in both CoCl2 and hypoxic PC-3 cells. At high concentrations of chrysin, there was a greater increase in apoptosis in the hypoxic cells compared to that in normoxic cells, which was accompanied by sub-G1 phase arrest. Chrysin-induced apoptosis inhibited VEGF and Bcl-2 and induced the cleavage of PARP and caspase-3. SPHK-1 knockdown induced apoptosis and inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Consistent with the in vitro data, 50 mg/kg of chrysin suppressed the tumor growth of PC-3 xenografts by 80.4% compared to that in the untreated control group. The immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues revealed decreased Ki-67, HIF-1α, and VEGF expression in the chrysin-treated group compared to an untreated control. Western blotting data for tumor tissues showed that chrysin treatment decreased SPHK-1, HIF-1α, and PARP expression while inducing caspase-3 cleavage. Overall, our findings suggest that chrysin exerts anti-tumor activity by inhibiting SPHK-1/HIF-1α signaling and thus represents a potent chemotherapeutic agent for hypoxia, which promotes cancer progression and is related to poor prognoses in prostate cancer patients.
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McGowan EM, Lin Y, Chen S. Targeting Chronic Inflammation of the Digestive System in Cancer Prevention: Modulators of the Bioactive Sphingolipid Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030535. [PMID: 35158806 PMCID: PMC8833440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is increasing, and late-stage diagnosis makes these cancers difficult to treat. Chronic and low-grade inflammation are recognized risks for most GI cancers. The GI mucosal immune system maintains healthy homeostasis and signalling molecules made from saturated fats, bioactive sphingolipids, play essential roles in healthy GI immunity. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid, is a key mediator in a balanced GI immune response. Disruption in the S1P pathway underlies systemic chronic metabolic inflammatory disorders, including diabetes and GI cancers, providing a strong rationale for using modulators of the S1P pathway to treat pathological inflammation. Here, we discuss the effects of bioactive sphingolipids in immune homeostasis with a focus on S1P in chronic low-grade inflammation associated with increased risk of GI carcinogenesis. Contemporary information on S1P signalling involvement in cancers of the digestive system, from top to bottom, is reviewed. Further, we discuss the use of novel S1P receptor modulators currently in clinical trials and their potential as first-line drugs in the clinic for chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, ozanimod (ZeposiaTM) and etrasimod have been approved for clinical use to treat ulcerative colitis and eosinophilic oesophagitis, respectively, which may have longer term benefits in reducing risk of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M. McGowan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-614-0581-4048
| | - Yiguang Lin
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Size Chen
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Helesbeux JJ, Carro L, McCarthy FO, Moreira VM, Giuntini F, O’Boyle N, Matthews SE, Bayraktar G, Bertrand S, Rochais C, Marchand P. 29th Annual GP2A Medicinal Chemistry Conference. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121278. [PMID: 34959677 PMCID: PMC8708472 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 29th Annual GP2A (Group for the Promotion of Pharmaceutical chemistry in Academia) Conference was a virtual event this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic and spanned three days from Wednesday 25 to Friday 27 August 2021. The meeting brought together an international delegation of researchers with interests in medicinal chemistry and interfacing disciplines. Abstracts of keynote lectures given by the 10 invited speakers, along with those of the 8 young researcher talks and the 50 flash presentation posters, are included in this report. Like previous editions, the conference was a real success, with high-level scientific discussions on cutting-edge advances in the fields of pharmaceutical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Carro
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
| | - Florence O. McCarthy
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland;
| | - Vânia M. Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francesca Giuntini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Niamh O’Boyle
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Susan E. Matthews
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Gülşah Bayraktar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey;
| | - Samuel Bertrand
- Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOmer, Nantes Université, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Christophe Rochais
- UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Normandie Univ., F-14032 Caen, France;
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, Nantes Université, UR 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-253-009-155
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Piazzesi A, Afsar SY, van Echten‐Deckert G. Sphingolipid metabolism in the development and progression of cancer: one cancer's help is another's hindrance. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3256-3279. [PMID: 34289244 PMCID: PMC8637577 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is a multistep process in which cells must overcome a series of obstacles before they can become fully developed tumors. First, cells must develop the ability to proliferate unchecked. Once this is accomplished, they must be able to invade the neighboring tissue, as well as provide themselves with oxygen and nutrients. Finally, they must acquire the ability to detach from the newly formed mass in order to spread to other tissues, all the while evading an immune system that is primed for their destruction. Furthermore, increased levels of inflammation have been shown to be linked to the development of cancer, with sites of chronic inflammation being a common component of tumorigenic microenvironments. In this Review, we give an overview of the impact of sphingolipid metabolism in cancers, from initiation to metastatic dissemination, as well as discussing immune responses and resistance to treatments. We explore how sphingolipids can either help or hinder the progression of cells from a healthy phenotype to a cancerous one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Piazzesi
- LIMES Institute for Membrane Biology and Lipid BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGermany
| | - Sumaiya Yasmeen Afsar
- LIMES Institute for Membrane Biology and Lipid BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGermany
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Wang X, Sun Y, Peng X, Naqvi SMAS, Yang Y, Zhang J, Chen M, Chen Y, Chen H, Yan H, Wei G, Hong P, Lu Y. The Tumorigenic Effect of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Its Potential Therapeutic Target. Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274820976664. [PMID: 33317322 PMCID: PMC8480355 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820976664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) regulates cell proliferation and survival by converting sphingosine to the signaling mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). SPHK1 is widely overexpressed in most cancers, promoting tumor progression and is associated with clinical prognosis. Numerous studies have explored SPHK1 as a promising target for cancer therapy. However, due to insufficient knowledge of SPHK1 oncogenic mechanisms, its inhibitors’ therapeutic potential in preventing and treating cancer still needs further investigation. In this review, we summarized the metabolic balance regulated by the SPHK1/S1P signaling pathway and highlighted the oncogenic mechanisms of SPHK1 via the upregulation of autophagy, proliferation, and survival, migration, angiogenesis and inflammation, and inhibition of apoptosis. Drug candidates targeting SPHK1 were also discussed at the end. This review provides new insights into the oncogenic effect of SPHK1 and sheds light on the future direction for targeting SPHK1 as cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Syed Manzar Abbas Shah Naqvi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Meiwen Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyue Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Huizi Yan
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Guangliang Wei
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Hong
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Velazquez FN, Hernandez-Corbacho M, Trayssac M, Stith JL, Bonica J, Jean B, Pulkoski-Gross MJ, Carroll BL, Salama MF, Hannun YA, Snider AJ. Bioactive sphingolipids: Advancements and contributions from the laboratory of Dr. Lina M. Obeid. Cell Signal 2020; 79:109875. [PMID: 33290840 PMCID: PMC8244749 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids and their synthetic enzymes have emerged as critical mediators in numerous diseases including inflammation, aging, and cancer. One enzyme in particular, sphingosine kinase (SK) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has been extensively implicated in these processes. SK catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P and exists as two isoforms, SK1 and SK2. In this review, we will discuss the contributions from the laboratory of Dr. Lina M. Obeid that have defined the roles for several bioactive sphingolipids in signaling and disease with an emphasis on her work defining SK1 in cellular fates and pathobiologies including proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola N Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Maria Hernandez-Corbacho
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Magali Trayssac
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Stith
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Joseph Bonica
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Bernandie Jean
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael J Pulkoski-Gross
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Brittany L Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Mohamed F Salama
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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10
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Transcriptional Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase 1. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112437. [PMID: 33171624 PMCID: PMC7695205 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Once thought to be primarily structural in nature, sphingolipids have become increasingly appreciated as second messengers in a wide array of signaling pathways. Sphingosine kinase 1, or SK1, is one of two sphingosine kinases that phosphorylate sphingosine into sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is generally pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and pro-survival; therefore, high SK1 expression and activity have been associated with certain inflammatory diseases and cancer. It is thus important to develop an understanding of the regulation of SK1 expression and activity. In this review, we explore the current literature on SK1 transcriptional regulation, illustrating a complex system of transcription factors, cytokines, and even micro-RNAs (miRNAs) on the post transcriptional level.
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11
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Synergic effect of OP449 and FTY720 on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Roy S, Mahapatra AD, Mohammad T, Gupta P, Alajmi MF, Hussain A, Rehman MT, Datta B, Hassan MI. Design and Development of Novel Urea, Sulfonyltriurea, and Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of Sphingosine Kinase 1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E118. [PMID: 32526899 PMCID: PMC7346089 DOI: 10.3390/ph13060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is one of the well-studied drug targets for cancer and inflammatory diseases. Recently discovered small-molecule inhibitors of SphK1 have been recommended in cancer therapeutics; however, selectivity and potency of first-generation inhibitors are great challenge. In search of effective SphK1 inhibitors, a set of small molecules have been designed and synthesized bearing urea, sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, and sulfonyltriurea groups. The binding affinity of these inhibitors was measured by fluorescence-binding assay and isothermal titration calorimetry. Compounds 1, 5, 6, and 7 showed an admirable binding affinity to the SphK1 in the sub-micromolar range and significantly inhibited SphK1 activity with admirable IC50 values. Molecular docking studies revealed that these compounds fit well into the sphingosine binding pocket of SphK1 and formed significant number of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. These molecules may be exploited as potent and selective inhibitors of SphK1 that could be implicated in cancer therapeutics after the required in vivo validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Roy
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (S.R.); (T.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Amarjyoti Das Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India;
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (S.R.); (T.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (S.R.); (T.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (A.H.); (M.T.R.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (A.H.); (M.T.R.)
| | - Md. Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (A.H.); (M.T.R.)
| | - Bhaskar Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India;
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (S.R.); (T.M.); (P.G.)
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13
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Alshaker H, Thrower H, Pchejetski D. Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Breast Cancer-A New Molecular Marker and a Therapy Target. Front Oncol 2020; 10:289. [PMID: 32266132 PMCID: PMC7098968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well-established that sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) plays a significant role in breast cancer development, progression, and spread, whereas SK1 knockdown can reverse these processes. In breast cancer cells and tumors, SK1 was shown to interact with various pathways involved in cell survival and chemoresistance, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB), Notch, Ras/MAPK, PKC, and PI3K. SK1 is upregulated by estrogen signaling, which, in turn, confers cancer cells with resistance to tamoxifen. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) produced by SK1 has been linked to tumor invasion and metastasis. Both SK1 and S1P are closely linked to inflammation and adipokine signaling in breast cancer. In human tumors, high SK1 expression has been linked with poorer survival and prognosis. SK1 is upregulated in triple negative tumors and basal-like subtypes. It is often associated with high phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, SFK, LYN, AKT, and NFκB. Higher tumor SK1 mRNA levels were correlated with poor response to chemotherapy. This review summarizes the up-to-date evidence and discusses the therapeutic potential for the SK1 inhibition in breast cancer, with emphasis on the mechanisms of chemoresistance and combination with other therapies such as gefitinib or docetaxel. We have outlined four key areas for future development, including tumor microenvironment, combination therapies, and nanomedicine. We conclude that SK1 may have a potential as a target for precision medicine, its high expression being a negative prognostic marker in ER-negative breast cancer, as well as a target for chemosensitization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Thrower
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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14
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Abstract
There is substantial evidence that the enzymes, sphingosine kinase 1 and 2, which catalyse the formation of the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate, are involved in pathophysiological processes. In this chapter, we appraise the evidence that both enzymes are druggable and describe how isoform-specific inhibitors can be developed based on the plasticity of the sphingosine-binding site. This is contextualised with the effect of sphingosine kinase inhibitors in cancer, pulmonary hypertension, neurodegeneration, inflammation and sickling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - David R Adams
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
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15
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Zhang Y, Cai H, Chen S, Sun D, Zhang D, He Y. Exosomal transfer of miR-124 inhibits normal fibroblasts to cancer-associated fibroblasts transition by targeting sphingosine kinase 1 in ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13187-13201. [PMID: 30957275 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The interaction between tumor microenvironment and tumor cells plays a key role in tumor progression. However, the mechanisms by which this interaction promotes the transdifferentiation of normal fibroblasts (NFs) to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells-derived microRNAs were involved in the transition of resident fibroblasts to CAFs, and in promoting tumorigenesis. METHODS CAFs and NFs were isolated from the same ovarian site in OvCa and noncancerous prophylactic oophorectomy specimens. The effect of exosomes on the motility of CAFs or NFs was analyzed by wound healing and Transwell assays. The expression of CAFs marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast activated protein (FAP) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. A luciferase reporter assay was used to test the interaction between miR-124 and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1). RESULTS NFs with downregulated miR-124 displayed the characteristics of CAFs, including overexpression of α-SMA and FAP and increased migratory and invasive ability. Overexpression of miR-124 in CAFs reversed some traits of NFs. Human ovarian surface epithelial cells-secreted miR-124 could be transferred via exosomes to CAFs and resulted in decreased α-SMA and FAP expression and attenuated cell motility. Moreover, our finding showed that the expression of SPHK1, a potential target of miR-124, was significantly elevated in CAFs. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides important and novel perspective into OvCa CAF differentiation and extracellular matrix remodeling, which trigger the tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihua Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Donghua Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanli He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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16
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Zhao Y, Ling Z, Hao Y, Pang X, Han X, Califano JA, Shan L, Gu X. MiR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 and its downstream signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25005-25020. [PMID: 28212569 PMCID: PMC5421905 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
By analyzing the expression profile of microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), we found that the expression level of miR-124 was 4.59-fold lower in tumors than in normal tissues. To understand its functions, we generated a miR-124-expressing subline (JHU-22miR124) and a mock vector-transfected subline (JHU-22vec) by transfecting the mimic of miR-124 into JHU-22 cancer cells. Restored expression of miR-124 in JHU-22miR124 cells led to reduced cell proliferation, delayed colony formation, and decreased tumor growth, indicating a tumor-suppressive effect of miR-124. Subsequent target search revealed that the 3′-UTR of SphK1 mRNA carries a complementary site for the seed region of miR-124. SphK1 was also detected to be overexpressed in HNSCC cell lines, but down-expressed in JHU-22miR124 cells and tumor xenografts. These results suggest that SphK1 is a target of miR-124. To confirm this finding, we constructed a 3′-UTR-Luc-SphK1 vector and a binding site-mutated luciferase reporter vector. Co-transfection of 3′-UTR-Luc-SphK1 with miR-124 expression vector exhibited a 9-fold decrease in luciferase activity compared with mutated vector, suggesting that miR-124 inhibits SphK1 activity directly. Further studies on downstream signaling demonstrated accumulation of ceramide, increased expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax, BAD and PARP, decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and enhanced expression of cytochrome c and caspase proteins in JHU-22miR124 compared with JHU-22vec cells and tumor xenografts. We conclude that miR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC by directly inhibiting SphK1 activity and its downstream signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Ling
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubin Hao
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xiaowu Pang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Liang Shan
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xinbin Gu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA.,Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
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17
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Chen J, Qi Y, Zhao Y, Kaczorowski D, Couttas TA, Coleman PR, Don AS, Bertolino P, Gamble JR, Vadas MA, Xia P, McCaughan GW. Deletion of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibits liver tumorigenesis in diethylnitrosamine-treated mice. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15635-15649. [PMID: 29643998 PMCID: PMC5884653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is the 3rd leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide with very few effective treatments. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), a key regulator of sphingolipid metabolites, is over-expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and our previous studies have shown that SphK1 is important in liver injury. We aimed to explore the role of SphK1 specifically in liver tumorigenesis using the SphK1 knockout (SphK1-/-) mouse. SphK1 deletion significantly reduced the number and the size of DEN-induced liver cancers in mice. Mechanistically, fewer proliferating but more apoptotic and senescent cells were detected in SphK1 deficient tumors compared to WT tumors. There was an increase in sphingosine rather than a decrease in sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in SphK1 deficient tumors. Furthermore, the STAT3-S1PR pathway that has been reported previously to mediate the effect of SphK1 on colorectal cancers was not altered by SphK1 deletion in liver cancer. Instead, c-Myc protein expression was down-regulated by SphK1 deletion. In conclusion, this is the first in vivo evidence that SphK1 contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the downstream signaling pathways impacting on the development of HCC via SphK1 are organ specific providing further evidence that simply transferring known oncogenic molecular pathway targeting into HCC is not always valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Chen
- Liver Injury and Cancer, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Vascular Biology, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- Vascular Biology, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Anthony S Don
- ACRF Centenary Cancer Research, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Patrick Bertolino
- Liver Immunology in Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | | | | | - Pu Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Geoffrey W McCaughan
- Liver Injury and Cancer, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,A.W. Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Australian Liver Transplant Unit, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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18
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Shimizu Y, Furuya H, Tamashiro PM, Iino K, Chan OTM, Goodison S, Pagano I, Hokutan K, Peres R, Loo LWM, Hernandez B, Naing A, Chong CDK, Rosser CJ, Kawamori T. Genetic deletion of sphingosine kinase 1 suppresses mouse breast tumor development in an HER2 transgenic model. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:47-55. [PMID: 28968647 PMCID: PMC5862258 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant sphingolipid metabolism has been reported to promote breast cancer progression. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is a key metabolic enzyme for the formation of pro-survival S1P from pro-apoptotic ceramide. The role of SphK1 in breast cancer has been well studied in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer; however, its role in human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer remains unclear. Here, we show that genetic deletion of SphK1 significantly reduced mammary tumor development with reduced tumor incidence and multiplicity in the MMTV-neu transgenic mouse model. Gene expression analysis revealed significant reduction of claudin-2 (CLDN2) expression in tumors from SphK1 deficient mice, suggesting that CLDN2 may mediate SphK1's function. It is remarkable that SphK1 deficiency in HER2-positive breast cancer model inhibited tumor formation by the different mechanism from ER-positive breast cancer. In vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpression of SphK1 in ER-/PR-/HER2+ human breast cancer cells enhanced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, immunostaining of SphK1 and CLDN2 in HER2-positive human breast tumors revealed a correlation in high-grade disease. Taken together, these findings suggest that SphK1 may play a pivotal role in HER2-positive breast carcinogenesis. Targeting SphK1 may represent a novel approach for HER2-positive breast cancer chemoprevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Shimizu
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hideki Furuya
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | - Kayoko Iino
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Owen T M Chan
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Steve Goodison
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ian Pagano
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kanani Hokutan
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rafael Peres
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lenora W M Loo
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Brenda Hernandez
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Aung Naing
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Clayton D K Chong
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Charles J Rosser
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Toshihiko Kawamori
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Shonan Medical Clinic, Sonezakishinnchi, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan
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19
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Vettorazzi M, Angelina E, Lima S, Gonec T, Otevrel J, Marvanova P, Padrtova T, Mokry P, Bobal P, Acosta LM, Palma A, Cobo J, Bobalova J, Csollei J, Malik I, Alvarez S, Spiegel S, Jampilek J, Enriz RD. An integrative study to identify novel scaffolds for sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:461-481. [PMID: 28822281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), the enzyme that produces the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate, is a promising new molecular target for therapeutic intervention in cancer and inflammatory diseases. In view of its importance, the main objective of this work was to find new and more potent inhibitors for this enzyme possessing different structural scaffolds than those of the known inhibitors. Our theoretical and experimental study has allowed us to identify two new structural scaffolds (three new compounds), which could be used as starting structures for the design and then the development of new inhibitors of SphK1. Our study was carried out in different steps: virtual screening, synthesis, bioassays and molecular modelling. From our results, we propose a new dihydrobenzo[b]pyrimido[5,4-f]azepine and two alkyl{3-/4-[1-hydroxy-2-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl]phenyl}carbamates as initial structures for the development of new inhibitors. In addition, our molecular modelling study using QTAIM calculations, allowed us to describe in detail the molecular interactions that stabilize the different Ligand-Receptor complexes. Such analyses indicate that the cationic head of the different compounds must be refined in order to obtain an increase in the binding affinity of these ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Vettorazzi
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Chacabuco 915, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Emilio Angelina
- Laboratorio de Estructura Molecular y Propiedades, Área de Química Física, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Avda. Libertad 5460, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Santiago Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Tomas Gonec
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Otevrel
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Marvanova
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Padrtova
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Mokry
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bobal
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lina M Acosta
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9, A.A 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Alirio Palma
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27, Calle 9, A.A 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Justo Cobo
- Inorganic and Organic Department, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Janette Bobalova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Veveri 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Csollei
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sergio Alvarez
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Chacabuco 915, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Chacabuco 915, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
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20
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Nazouri AS, Asadpour O, Dabiri S, Pourseyedi B, Lashkarizadeh MR, Zianalinejad H. High Expression of Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors-Negative Breast Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 29531546 DOI: pmid/29531546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in females. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are the essential key regulator molecules in breast cancer through their ability to promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and lymphagiogenesis. SPHK1 is overexpressed in multiple types of cancer including breast cancer and is associated with resistance to treatment. The current study aimed at investigating the expression of SPHK1 in estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) negative in comparison to ER, and PR positive breast cancer and their normal controls, and also finding the relationship between SPHK1 expression and high body index (BMI) in the selected groups with breast cancer. METHODS A total of 120 human breast cancer tissue specimens were analyzed for SPHK1 expression using Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (q RT-PCR) assay. Detection of hormonal status of breast cancer tissue samples was conducted by immunohistochemical assay. RESULT The current study findings showed that the level of SPHK1expression in the breast cancer tissue was significantly higher in patients with estrogen and progesterone negative receptors, compared to the ones without them (P-value< 0.05). The obtained data confirmed that the obesity in patients with ER negative was higher than the ones with positive receptors (BMI> 25). CONCLUSION The current study showed that expression of SPHK1gene was higher in the patients with ER and PR negative breast cancer and high BMI, compared with other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh-Sadat Nazouri
- Dept. of Biology, Science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.,Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Pathology Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ommolbanin Asadpour
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Pathology Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourseyedi
- Surgery Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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21
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Hatoum D, Haddadi N, Lin Y, Nassif NT, McGowan EM. Mammalian sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes and isoform expression: challenges for SphK as an oncotarget. Oncotarget 2017; 8:36898-36929. [PMID: 28415564 PMCID: PMC5482707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The various sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes (isozymes) and isoforms, key players in normal cellular physiology, are strongly implicated in cancer and other diseases. Mutations in SphKs, that may justify abnormal physiological function, have not been recorded. Nonetheless, there is a large and growing body of evidence demonstrating the contribution of gain or loss of function and the imbalance in the SphK/S1P rheostat to a plethora of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes and inflammatory diseases. SphK is expressed as two isozymes SphK1 and SphK2, transcribed from genes located on different chromosomes and both isozymes catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P. Expression of each SphK isozyme produces alternately spliced isoforms. In recent years the importance of the contribution of SpK1 expression to treatment resistance in cancer has been highlighted and, additionally, differences in treatment outcome appear to also be dependent upon SphK isoform expression. This review focuses on an exciting emerging area of research involving SphKs functions, expression and subcellular localization, highlighting the complexity of targeting SphK in cancer and also comorbid diseases. This review also covers the SphK isoenzymes and isoforms from a historical perspective, from their first discovery in murine species and then in humans, their role(s) in normal cellular function and in disease processes, to advancement of SphK as an oncotarget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hatoum
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Nahal Haddadi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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22
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate/sphingosine kinase 1-dependent lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Surg Today 2017; 47:1312-1320. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-017-1514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Vishwakarma S, Agarwal R, Goel SK, Panday RK, Singh R, Sukumaran R, Khare S, Kumar A. Altered Expression of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolizing Enzymes in Oral Cancer Correlate With Clinicopathological Attributes. Cancer Invest 2017; 35:139-141. [PMID: 28135860 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2016.1272695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the gene expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) metabolizing enzymes (SphK1, SphK2, SGPL1, SGPP1, SGPP2, PPAP2A, PPAP2B, and PPAP2C) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues of 50 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Expression of SphK1 and SGPP1 genes was up-regulated significantly in 70% and 75% OSCC tumors respectively. Importantly, expression of SphK2 and PPAP2B was down-regulated in the tumor tissues of 70% OSCC patients. Expression of SphK2 and PPAP2B negatively correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging and tumor volume respectively. Furthermore, LPP1 is an independent predictor of TNM staging and lymph node ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Vishwakarma
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , Saket Nagar, Bhopal , India
| | - Rahul Agarwal
- b Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital & Research Centre (JNCHRC) , Idgah Hills, Bhopal , India
| | - Sudhir K Goel
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , Saket Nagar, Bhopal , India
| | | | - Renu Singh
- b Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital & Research Centre (JNCHRC) , Idgah Hills, Bhopal , India
| | - Ravi Sukumaran
- b Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital & Research Centre (JNCHRC) , Idgah Hills, Bhopal , India
| | - Sarita Khare
- d Shaheed Bhagat Singh Govt. Degree College, Ashtha, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- a Department of Biochemistry , All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , Saket Nagar, Bhopal , India
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24
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Targeting sphingosine kinase 1 induces MCL1-dependent cell death in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2016; 129:771-782. [PMID: 27956387 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-06-720433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy where despite improvements in conventional chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation, overall survival remains poor. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) generates the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and has established roles in tumor initiation, progression, and chemotherapy resistance in a wide range of cancers. The role and targeting of SPHK1 in primary AML, however, has not been previously investigated. Here we show that SPHK1 is overexpressed and constitutively activated in primary AML patient blasts but not in normal mononuclear cells. Subsequent targeting of SPHK1 induced caspase-dependent cell death in AML cell lines, primary AML patient blasts, and isolated AML patient leukemic progenitor/stem cells, with negligible effects on normal bone marrow CD34+ progenitors from healthy donors. Furthermore, administration of SPHK1 inhibitors to orthotopic AML patient-derived xenografts reduced tumor burden and prolonged overall survival without affecting murine hematopoiesis. SPHK1 inhibition was associated with reduced survival signaling from S1P receptor 2, resulting in selective downregulation of the prosurvival protein MCL1. Subsequent analysis showed that the combination of BH3 mimetics with either SPHK1 inhibition or S1P receptor 2 antagonism triggered synergistic AML cell death. These results support the notion that SPHK1 is a bona fide therapeutic target for the treatment of AML.
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25
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Rodriguez YI, Campos LE, Castro MG, Aladhami A, Oskeritzian CA, Alvarez SE. Sphingosine-1 Phosphate: A New Modulator of Immune Plasticity in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2016; 6:218. [PMID: 27800303 PMCID: PMC5066089 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, increasing evidences demonstrate a strong link between sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and both normal physiology and progression of different diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Indeed, numerous studies show that tissue levels of this sphingolipid metabolite are augmented in many cancers, affecting survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastatic spread. Recent insights into the possible role of S1P as a therapeutic target has attracted enormous attention and opened new opportunities in this evolving field. In this review, we will focus on the role of S1P in cancer, with particular emphasis in new developments that highlight the many functions of this sphingolipid in the tumor microenvironment. We will discuss how S1P modulates phenotypic plasticity of macrophages and mast cells, tumor-induced immune evasion, differentiation and survival of immune cells in the tumor milieu, interaction between cancer and stromal cells, and hypoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamila I Rodriguez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ludmila E Campos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Melina G Castro
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ahmed Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Sergio E Alvarez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET, San Luis, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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26
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Pitman MR, Costabile M, Pitson SM. Recent advances in the development of sphingosine kinase inhibitors. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1349-1363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Schulz D, Wirth M, Piontek G, Buchberger AMS, Schlegel J, Reiter R, Multhoff G, Pickhard A. HNSCC cells resistant to EGFR pathway inhibitors are hypermutated and sensitive to DNA damaging substances. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1963-1975. [PMID: 27725902 PMCID: PMC5043106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite remarkable successes with targeted therapies in the treatment of cancer, resistance can occur which limits the clinical outcome. In this study, we generated and characterized resistant cell clones derived from two different head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines (Cal27, UD-SCC-5) by long-term exposure to five targeted- and chemotherapeutics (afatinib, MK2206, BEZ235, olaparib and cisplatin). The resistant tumor cell clones showed an increased ERK1/2 expression and an altered expression of the stem-cell markers CD44, ALDH1, Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Bmi1. None of the single markers alone was predictive for resistance to all five targeted- and chemotherapeutics. Furthermore, long-term exposure of tumor cells to these five drugs resulted in an eightfold increase in the mutational rate compared to untreated cells. Interestingly, targeted- and chemotherapy resistant cell clones remained sensitive to irradiation. Lastly, clones that were resistant to afatinib, MK2206 or BEZ235 showed cross-resistance to further treatment with therapeutics that affect the same signaling pathway, but remained sensitive to those affecting different pathways such as cisplatin and olaparib. In contrast, cell clones which were once resistant to cisplatin or olaparib were found to be multidrug-resistant. These data might indicate that patients with HNSCC benefit more by a first line targeted therapy followed by cisplatin as a second line therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schulz
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Wirth
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Piontek
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Schlegel
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Reiter
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University of UlmPrittwitzstraße 43, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiotherapy, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Pickhard
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of MunichIsmaninger Straße 22, Munich, Germany
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28
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Nema R, Vishwakarma S, Agarwal R, Panday RK, Kumar A. Emerging role of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3269-80. [PMID: 27330306 PMCID: PMC4898435 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s99989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most frequent cancer type, with an annual incidence of approximately half a million people worldwide. It has a high recurrence rate and an extremely low survival rate. This is due to limited availability of effective therapies to reduce the rate of recurrence, resulting in high morbidity and mortality of patients with advanced stages of the disease. HNSCC often develops resistance to chemotherapy and targeted drug therapy. Thus, to overcome the problem of drug resistance, there is a need to explore novel drug targets. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid involved in inflammation, tumor progression, and angiogenesis. S1P is synthesized intracellularly by two sphingosine kinases (SphKs). It can be exported to the extracellular space, where it can activate a family of G-protein-coupled receptors. Alternatively, S1P can act as an intracellular second messenger. SphK1 regulates tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance in HNSCC. SphK1 expression is highly elevated in advanced stage HNSCC tumors and correlates with poor survival. In this article, we review current knowledge regarding the role of S1P receptors and enzymes of S1P metabolism in HNSCC carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we summarize the current perspectives on therapeutic approaches for targeting S1P pathway for treating HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Nema
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Supriya Vishwakarma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Rahul Agarwal
- Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Indrapuri, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
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29
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Patmanathan SN, Johnson SP, Lai SL, Panja Bernam S, Lopes V, Wei W, Ibrahim MH, Torta F, Narayanaswamy P, Wenk MR, Herr DR, Murray PG, Yap LF, Paterson IC. Aberrant expression of the S1P regulating enzymes, SPHK1 and SGPL1, contributes to a migratory phenotype in OSCC mediated through S1PR2. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25650. [PMID: 27160553 PMCID: PMC4861980 DOI: 10.1038/srep25650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year mortality rate of around 50%. Molecular targeted therapies are not in routine use and novel therapeutic targets are required. Our previous microarray data indicated sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) metabolism and signalling was deregulated in OSCC. In this study, we have investigated the contribution of S1P signalling to the pathogenesis of OSCC. We show that the expression of the two major enzymes that regulate S1P levels were altered in OSCC: SPHK1 was significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues compared to normal oral mucosa and low levels of SGPL1 mRNA correlated with a worse overall survival. In in vitro studies, S1P enhanced the migration/invasion of OSCC cells and attenuated cisplatin-induced death. We also demonstrate that S1P receptor expression is deregulated in primary OSCCs and that S1PR2 is over-expressed in a subset of tumours, which in part mediates S1P-induced migration of OSCC cells. Lastly, we demonstrate that FTY720 induced significantly more apoptosis in OSCC cells compared to non-malignant cells and that FTY720 acted synergistically with cisplatin to induce cell death. Taken together, our data show that S1P signalling promotes tumour aggressiveness in OSCC and identify S1P signalling as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Narayanan Patmanathan
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences and Oral Cancer Research &Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Steven P Johnson
- Dept of Molecular Genetics, The Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
| | - Sook Ling Lai
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences and Oral Cancer Research &Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suthashini Panja Bernam
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences and Oral Cancer Research &Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Victor Lopes
- Department of Oral surgery, Edinburgh Postgraduate Dental Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA, United Kingdom
| | - Wenbin Wei
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Maha Hafez Ibrahim
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Pradeep Narayanaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Paul G Murray
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Fah Yap
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences and Oral Cancer Research &Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ian C Paterson
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences and Oral Cancer Research &Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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30
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Pyne S, Adams DR, Pyne NJ. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphingosine kinases in health and disease: Recent advances. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 62:93-106. [PMID: 26970273 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (isoforms SK1 and SK2) catalyse the formation of a bioactive lipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a well-established ligand of a family of five S1P-specific G protein coupled receptors but also has intracellular signalling roles. There is substantial evidence to support a role for sphingosine kinases and S1P in health and disease. This review summarises recent advances in the area in relation to receptor-mediated signalling by S1P and novel intracellular targets of this lipid. New evidence for a role of each sphingosine kinase isoform in cancer, the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, inflammation and diabetes is discussed. There is continued research to develop isoform selective SK inhibitors, summarised here. Analysis of the crystal structure of SK1 with the SK1-selective inhibitor, PF-543, is used to identify residues that could be exploited to improve selectivity in SK inhibitor development for future therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
| | - David R Adams
- School of Engineering & Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK.
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
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31
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A selective ATP-competitive sphingosine kinase inhibitor demonstrates anti-cancer properties. Oncotarget 2016; 6:7065-83. [PMID: 25788259 PMCID: PMC4466670 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic balance of cellular sphingolipids, the sphingolipid rheostat, is an important determinant of cell fate, and is commonly deregulated in cancer. Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a signaling molecule with anti-apoptotic, pro-proliferative and pro-angiogenic effects, while conversely, ceramide and sphingosine are pro-apoptotic. The sphingosine kinases (SKs) are key regulators of this sphingolipid rheostat, and are attractive targets for anti-cancer therapy. Here we report a first-in-class ATP-binding site-directed small molecule SK inhibitor, MP-A08, discovered using an approach of structural homology modelling of the ATP-binding site of SK1 and in silico docking with small molecule libraries. MP-A08 is a highly selective ATP competitive SK inhibitor that targets both SK1 and SK2. MP-A08 blocks pro-proliferative signalling pathways, induces mitochondrial-associated apoptosis in a SK-dependent manner, and reduces the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma tumours in a mouse xenograft model by both inducing tumour cell apoptosis and inhibiting tumour angiogenesis. Thus, this selective ATP competitive SK inhibitor provides a promising candidate for potential development as an anti-cancer therapy, and also, due to its different mode of inhibition to other known SK inhibitors, both validates the SKs as targets for anti-cancer therapy, and represents an important experimental tool to study these enzymes.
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32
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Teixeira V, Costa V. Unraveling the role of the Target of Rapamycin signaling in sphingolipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2015; 61:109-33. [PMID: 26703187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are important bioactive molecules that regulate basic aspects of cellular metabolism and physiology, including cell growth, adhesion, migration, senescence, apoptosis, endocytosis, and autophagy in yeast and higher eukaryotes. Since they have the ability to modulate the activation of several proteins and signaling pathways, variations in the relative levels of different sphingolipid species result in important changes in overall cellular functions and fate. Sphingolipid metabolism and their route of synthesis are highly conserved from yeast to mammalian cells. Studies using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have served in many ways to foster our understanding of sphingolipid dynamics and their role in the regulation of cellular processes. In the past decade, studies in S. cerevisiae have unraveled a functional association between the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway and sphingolipids, showing that both TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR Complex 2 (TORC2) branches control temporal and spatial aspects of sphingolipid metabolism in response to physiological and environmental cues. In this review, we report recent findings in this emerging and exciting link between the TOR pathway and sphingolipids and implications in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Schiefler C, Piontek G, Doescher J, Schuettler D, Mißlbeck M, Rudelius M, Haug A, Reiter R, Brockhoff G, Pickhard A. Inhibition of SphK1 reduces radiation-induced migration and enhances sensitivity to cetuximab treatment by affecting the EGFR / SphK1 crosstalk. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9877-88. [PMID: 25245676 PMCID: PMC4259444 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SphK1 is known to play a role in tumor progression, resistance to radiochemotherapy, and migration patterns. As the overall survival rates of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) remain poor due to limitations in surgery and irradiation and chemotherapy resistance, SphK1 is an important enzyme to investigate. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of SphK1 on irradiation efficacy of HNSCC in-vitro with emphasis on EGFR signaling. By immunhistochemical staining we found a positive correlation between EGFR and SphK1 expression in patient specimens. In colony formation assays irradiation sensitive cell lines showed a poor response to cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, and SKI-II, a SphK1 inhibitor, and vice versa. In irradiation sensitive cells an enhanced reduction of cell migration and survival was found upon simultaneous targeting of EGFR and SphK1. In the present study, we elucidated a linkage between the two signaling pathways with regard to the efficacy of cetuximab treatment and the impact on the migration behavior of tumor cells. We investigated the biological impact of inhibiting these pathways and examined the biochemical implications after different treatments. An understanding of the processes involved could help to improve the treatment of patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Schiefler
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Guido Piontek
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Johannes Doescher
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Schuettler
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Martin Mißlbeck
- Department of Radiotherapy, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Julius-Maximilians-University and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Haug
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Reiter
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstr. 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gero Brockhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anja Pickhard
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
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Tian H, Yu Z. Resveratrol induces apoptosis of leukemia cell line K562 by modulation of sphingosine kinase-1 pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:2755-2762. [PMID: 26045781 PMCID: PMC4440090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of resveratrol in a human myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 and its potential molecular mechanisms. The anti-proliferation effect of resveratrol-induced apoptosis on K562 cells were detected using MTT assay. Western blotting was performed for detecting changes of SphK1 expression in total cell protein and membrane/cytosol protein in K562 cells respectively after exposure to resveratrol. A biochemical assay was used to measure the activity of SphK after treatment of resveratrol, and then S1P and ceramide levels were examined using ELISA kits. Hochest 33258 staining and flow cytometry were applied to detect the apoptosis condition of K562 cells treated with resveratrol. Resveratrol inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in K562 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Western blotting revealed that resveratrol did not affect total SphK1 expression level in K562 cells, but significantly changed the translocation of SphK1, the membrane SphK1 was decreased while cytosol SphK1 level was elevated. The activity of SphK1 in resveratrol treated groups was decreased compared to control group with a significant decrease of S1P and increase of ceramide level. Furthermore, Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V-FITC analysis confirmed the notable apoptotic effect of resveratrol in its anti-leukemia process. Resveratrol-induced proliferation inhibition of K562 cells might be mediated through its modulation activity of SphK1 pathway by regulating S1P and ceramide levels, which then affected the proliferation and apoptosis process of leukemia cells. SphK1/S1P pathway represents a target of resveratrol in human leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yantai 264000, China
| | - Zhongcui Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yantai 264000, China
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Hazar-Rethinam M, de Long LM, Gannon OM, Topkas E, Boros S, Vargas AC, Dzienis M, Mukhopadhyay P, Simpson F, Endo-Munoz L, Saunders NA. A novel E2F/sphingosine kinase 1 axis regulates anthracycline response in squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 21:417-27. [PMID: 25411162 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are frequently drug resistant and have a mortality rate of 45%. We have previously shown that E2F7 may contribute to drug resistance in SCC cells. However, the mechanism and pathways involved remain unknown. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used transcriptomic profiling to identify candidate pathways that may contribute to E2F7-dependent resistance to anthracyclines. We then manipulated the activity/expression of the candidate pathway using overexpression, knockdown, and pharmacological inhibitors in in vitro and in vivo models of SCC to demonstrate causality. In addition, we examined the expression of E2F7 and a downstream effector in a tissue microarray (TMA) generated from HNSCC patient samples. RESULTS E2F7-deficient keratinocytes were selectively sensitive to doxorubicin and this was reversed by overexpressing E2F7. Transcriptomic profiling identified Sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) as a potential mediator of E2F7-dependent drug resistance. Knockdown and overexpression studies revealed that Sphk1 was a downstream target of E2F7. TMA studies showed that E2F7 overexpression correlated with Sphk1 overexpression in human HNSCC. Moreover, inhibition of Sphk1 by shRNA or the Sphk1-specific inhibitor, SK1-I (BML-EI411), enhanced the sensitivity of SCC cells to doxorubicin in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, E2F7-induced doxorubicin resistance was mediated via Sphk1-dependent activation of AKT in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION We identify a novel drugable pathway in which E2F7 directly increases the transcription and activity of the Sphk1/S1P axis resulting in activation of AKT and subsequent drug resistance. Collectively, this novel combinatorial therapy can potentially be trialed in humans using existing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehlika Hazar-Rethinam
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lilia Merida de Long
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Orla M Gannon
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eleni Topkas
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Samuel Boros
- Department of Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ana Cristina Vargas
- Department of Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcin Dzienis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pamela Mukhopadhyay
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liliana Endo-Munoz
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Saunders
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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Tamashiro PM, Furuya H, Shimizu Y, Kawamori T. Sphingosine kinase 1 mediates head & neck squamous cell carcinoma invasion through sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:76. [PMID: 25197261 PMCID: PMC4155094 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by aggressive loco-regional invasion. Sphingosine kinase1 (SphK1), an enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism, is emerging as a key player in HNSCC pathology. The observation that SphK1 is overexpressed in all HNSCC stages and is associated with depth of tumor invasion, metastasis and clinical failure underscores the importance of SphK1 in HNSCC pathology. Still, the mechanisms underlying SphK1 regulation of invasion have not been delineated. Therefore, we sought to mechanistically describe how SphK1 regulates invasion in HNSCC. Methods Invasion assays were used to measure invasive ability of SphK1 overexpressing human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-25 cells). Western blotting, quantitative qPCR, ELISA and zymography were used to measure the effect of SphK1 and sphingosine 1-phoshate receptor 1 (S1P1) on invasion measures, MMP-2/9, E-cadherin, EGFR, IL-6/STAT3, in SCC-25 cells. Results SphK1 expression is elevated in cells with an invasive phenotype as compared to non-invasive phenotype. We show SphK1 overexpression increased EGF-induced EGFR/ERK and AKT activity, increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 mRNA and reduced E-cadherin. SphK1 overexpression also increased IL-6 concentration and EGF-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, exemplifying that SphK1 modulates IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Notably, we show that S1P1 knockdown reduced IL-6/STAT3 signaling, representing another pathway by which SphK1/S1P regulates invasion. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that SphK1 sits at the hub of multiple key signaling cascades, all which have been implicated in the regulation of invasiveness, making SphK1 an attractive target for the development of HNSCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulette M Tamashiro
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Hideki Furuya
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA ; Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Yoshiko Shimizu
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA ; Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA ; Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Toshihiko Kawamori
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA ; Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA ; Department of Pathology, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital, 1 Hira, Kaimei, Ichinomiya, Aichi Pref., 494-0001 Japan
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Knockdown of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibits the migration and invasion of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by down-regulating the PI3K/AKT activation and MMP-2/9 production in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5157-65. [PMID: 24816639 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) on the migration, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). RA-FLS were transfected control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA. The migration and invasion of unmanipulated control, control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA- transfected RA-FLS in vitro were measured by the transwell system. The relative levels of SPHK1, PI3K, and AKT as well as AKT phosphorylation in RA-FLS were determined by Western blot. The levels of MMP-2/9 secreted by RA-FLS were detected by ELISA. Knockdown of SPHK1 significantly inhibited the spontaneous migration and invasion of RA-FLS, accompanied by significantly reduced levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. Similarly, treatment with LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS. Knockdown of SPHK1 and treatment with the inhibitor synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS, by further reducing the levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. In addition, knockdown of SPHK1 or treatment with LY294002 inhibited the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and both synergistically reduced the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in RA-FLS in vitro. Knockdown of SPHK1 expression inhibits the PI3K/AKT activation, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, and human RA-FLS migration and invasion in vitro. Potentially, SPHK1 may be a novel therapeutic target for RA.
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Don AS, Lim XY, Couttas TA. Re-configuration of sphingolipid metabolism by oncogenic transformation. Biomolecules 2014; 4:315-53. [PMID: 24970218 PMCID: PMC4030989 DOI: 10.3390/biom4010315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipids are one of the major lipid families in eukaryotes, incorporating a diverse array of structural variants that exert a powerful influence over cell fate and physiology. Increased expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), which catalyses the synthesis of the pro-survival, pro-angiogenic metabolite sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), is well established as a hallmark of multiple cancers. Metabolic alterations that reduce levels of the pro-apoptotic lipid ceramide, particularly its glucosylation by glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), have frequently been associated with cancer drug resistance. However, the simple notion that the balance between ceramide and S1P, often referred to as the sphingolipid rheostat, dictates cell survival contrasts with recent studies showing that highly potent and selective SPHK1 inhibitors do not affect cancer cell proliferation or survival, and studies demonstrating higher ceramide levels in some metastatic cancers. Recent reports have implicated other sphingolipid metabolic enzymes such as acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) more strongly in cancer pathogenesis, and highlight lysosomal sphingolipid metabolism as a possible weak point for therapeutic targeting in cancer. This review describes the evidence implicating different sphingolipid metabolic enzymes and their products in cancer pathogenesis, and suggests how newer systems-level approaches may improve our overall understanding of how oncogenic transformation reconfigures sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S Don
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Xin Y Lim
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Timothy A Couttas
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Sphingosine kinase 1 and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90362. [PMID: 24587339 PMCID: PMC3937388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a key regulator of the dynamic ceramide/sphingosine 1-phosphate rheostat balance and important in the pathological cancer genesis, progression, and metastasis processes. Many studies have demonstrated SK1 overexpressed in various cancers, but no meta-analysis has evaluated the relationship between SK1 and various cancers. METHODS We retrieved relevant articles from the PubMed, EBSCO, ISI, and OVID databases. A pooled odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the associations between SK1 expression and cancer; hazard ratios (HR) were used for 5-year and overall survival. Review Manager 5.0 was used for the meta-analysis, and publication bias was evaluated with STATA 12.0 (Egger's test). RESULTS Thirty-four eligible studies (n=4,673 patients) were identified. SK1 positivity and high expression were significantly different between cancer, non-cancer, and benign tissues. SK1 mRNA and protein expression levels were elevated in the cancer tissues, compared with the normal tissues. SK1 positivity rates differed between various cancer types (lowest [27.3%] in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and highest [82.2%] in tongue squamous cell carcinoma). SK1 positivity and high expression were associated with 5-year survival; the HR was 1.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-2.94) for breast cancer, 1.58 (1.08-2.31) for gastric cancer, and 2.68 (2.10-3.44) for other cancers; the total cancer HR was 2.21 (95% CI, 1.83-2.67; P < 0.00001). The overall survival HRs were 2.09 (95% CI, 1.35-3.22), 1.56 (1.08-2.25), and 2.62 (2.05-3.35) in breast, gastric, and other cancers, respectively. The total effect HR was 2.21 (95% CI, 1.83-2.66; P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS SK1 positivity and high expression were significantly associated with cancer and a shorter 5-year and overall survival. SK1 positivity rates vary tremendously among the cancer types. It is necessary to further explore whether SK1 might be a predictive biomarker of outcomes in cancer patients.
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Rolin J, Maghazachi AA. Implications of chemokine receptors and inflammatory lipids in cancer. Immunotargets Ther 2013; 3:9-18. [PMID: 27471696 PMCID: PMC4918230 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s32049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory lipids receive much attention due to their important biological activities. Knowledge of the chemokine system has also reached a level that makes it interesting in clinics, which prompted clinical trials into compounds manipulating chemokines or their receptors. However, little attention has been devoted to understand the relations between these two systems. Here, we will review the role of inflammatory lipids and chemokines in innate and adaptive immunity with an attempt to link the two systems and with emphasis on their importance in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Rolin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Uchida Y. Ceramide signaling in mammalian epidermis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:453-62. [PMID: 24055887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide, the backbone structure of all sphingolipids, as well as a minor component of cellular membranes, has a unique role in the skin, by forming the epidermal permeability barrier at the extracellular domains of the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, which is required for terrestrial mammalian survival. In contrast to the role of ceramide in forming the permeability barrier, the signaling roles of ceramide and its metabolites have not yet been recognized. Ceramide and/or its metabolites regulate proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in epidermal keratinocytes. Recent studies have further demonstrated that a ceramide metabolite, sphingosine-1-phosphate, modulates innate immune function. Ceramide has already been applied to therapeutic approaches for treatment of eczema associated with attenuated epidermal permeability barrier function. Pharmacological modulation of ceramide and its metabolites' signaling can also be applied to cutaneous disease prevention and therapy. The author here describes the signaling roles of ceramide and its metabolites in mammalian cells and tissues, including the epidermis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The Important Role of Lipids in the Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cutaneous Barrier. Guest Editors: Kenneth R. Feingold and Peter Elias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Uchida
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Dermatology Service and Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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The impact of sphingosine kinase-1 in head and neck cancer. Biomolecules 2013; 3:481-513. [PMID: 24970177 PMCID: PMC4030949 DOI: 10.3390/biom3030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a high reoccurrence rate and an extremely low survival rate. There is limited availability of effective therapies to reduce the rate of recurrence, resulting in high morbidity and mortality of advanced cases. Late presentation, delay in detection of lesions, and a high rate of metastasis make HNSCC a devastating disease. This review offers insight into the role of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1), a key enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism, in HNSCC. Sphingolipids not only play a structural role in cellular membranes, but also modulate cell signal transduction pathways to influence biological outcomes such as senescence, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. SphK1 is a critical regulator of the delicate balance between proliferation and apoptosis. The highest expression of SphK1 is found in the advanced stage of disease, and there is a positive correlation between SphK1 expression and recurrent tumors. On the other hand, silencing SphK1 reduces HNSCC tumor growth and sensitizes tumors to radiation-induced death. Thus, SphK1 plays an important and influential role in determining HNSCC proliferation and metastasis. We discuss roles of SphK1 and other sphingolipids in HNSCC development and therapeutic strategies against HNSCC.
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Structure guided design of a series of sphingosine kinase (SphK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4608-16. [PMID: 23845219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling plays a vital role in mitogenesis, cell migration and angiogenesis. Sphingosine kinases (SphKs) catalyze a key step in sphingomyelin metabolism that leads to the production of S1P. There are two isoforms of SphK and observations made with SphK deficient mice show the two isoforms can compensate for each other's loss. Thus, inhibition of both isoforms is likely required to block SphK dependent angiogenesis. A structure based approach was used to design and synthesize a series of SphK inhibitors resulting in the identification of the first potent inhibitors of both isoforms of human SphK. Additionally, to our knowledge, this series of inhibitors contains the only sufficiently potent inhibitors of murine SphK1 with suitable physico-chemical properties to pharmacologically interrogate the role of SphK1 in rodent models and to reproduce the phenotype of SphK1 (-/-) mice.
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Osei-Sarfo K, Tang XH, Urvalek AM, Scognamiglio T, Gudas LJ. The molecular features of tongue epithelium treated with the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and alcohol as a model for HNSCC. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2673-81. [PMID: 23784083 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common type of cancer affecting humans worldwide. To determine the potential mechanisms by which chronic tobacco and alcohol abuse lead to HNSCC of the oral cavity, we have used both the 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) murine oral carcinogenesis and the Meadows-Cook alcohol models. In this study, we treated mice with 4-NQO in drinking water for 10 weeks and then administered 20% (w:v) ethanol (EtOH) for another 10 weeks. We observed increased levels and/or activation of signaling proteins [p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), β-catenin and Erk 1/2] that are typically altered during HNSCC initiation in humans. We found that EtOH administration alone increased the expression of p38 MAPK but not Erk 1/2 MAPK. Total β-catenin levels in the tongues increased by 2- to 3-fold after 4-NQO treatment, with or without EtOH. However, EtOH combined with 4-NQO reduced phosphorylated β-catenin levels, whereas 4-NQO treatment alone did not. These data implicate EtOH as a regulator of β-catenin signaling in this HNSCC model. We also utilized K14-CreER(TAM); ROSA26 mice to mark permanently stem/progenitor cells in the tongue epithelia. We found that 4-NQO alone and 4-NQO plus EtOH treatment resulted in massive, horizontal expansion of stem/progenitor cell populations arising from single stem cells in the basal layer of the epithelia. This expansion is consistent with carcinogen-associated, symmetric division of stem/progenitor cells. Our data suggest that specific therapeutic targets for prevention of HNSCC of the oral cavity associated with both alcohol and tobacco use are p38 MAPK and β-catenin.
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Abstract
The role of sphingolipids as bioactive signaling molecules that can regulate cell fate decisions puts them at center stage for cancer treatment and prevention. While ceramide and sphingosine have been established as antigrowth molecules, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) offers a progrowth message to cells. The enzymes responsible for maintaining the balance between these "stop" or "go" signals are the sphingosine kinases (SK), SK1 and SK2. While the relative contribution of SK2 is still being elucidated and may involve an intranuclear role, a substantial amount of evidence suggests that regulation of sphingolipid levels by SK1 is an important component of carcinogenesis. Here, we review the literature regarding the role of SK1 as an oncogene that can function to enhance cancer cell viability and promote tumor growth and metastasis; highlighting the importance of developing specific SK1 inhibitors to supplement current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Heffernan-Stroud
- Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathobiology Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Abstract
Non-surgical therapies for human malignancies must negotiate complex cell signaling pathways to impede cancer cell growth, ideally promoting death of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. For most of the past half century, medical approaches for treating cancer have relied primarily on cytotoxic chemotherapeutics that interfere with DNA replication and cell division, susceptibilities of rapidly dividing cancer cells. As a consequence, these therapies exert considerable cell stress, promoting the generation of ceramide through de novo synthesis and recycling of complex glycosphingolipids and sphingomyelin into apoptotic ceramide. Radiotherapy of cancer exerts similar geno- and cytotoxic cell stresses, and generation of ceramide following ionizing radiation therapy is a well-described feature of radiation-induced cell death. Emerging evidence now describes sphingolipids as mediators of death in response to newer targeted therapies, cementing ceramide generation as a common mechanism of cell death in response to cancer therapy. Many studies have now shown that dysregulation of ceramide accumulation-whether by reduced generation or accelerated metabolism-is a common mechanism of resistance to standard cancer therapies. The aims of this chapter will be to discuss described mechanisms of cancer resistance to therapy related to dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism and to explore clinical and preclinical approaches to interdict sphingolipid metabolism to improve outcomes of standard cancer therapies.
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Neubauer HA, Pitson SM. Roles, regulation and inhibitors of sphingosine kinase 2. FEBS J 2013; 280:5317-36. [PMID: 23638983 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive sphingolipids ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are important signalling molecules that regulate a diverse array of cellular processes. Most notably, the balance of the levels of these three sphingolipids in cells, termed the 'sphingolipid rheostat', can dictate cell fate, where ceramide and sphingosine enhance apoptosis and S1P promotes cell survival and proliferation. The sphingosine kinases (SKs) catalyse the production of S1P from sphingosine and are therefore central regulators of the sphingolipid rheostat and attractive targets for cancer therapy. Two SKs exist in humans: SK1 and SK2. SK1 has been extensively studied and there is a large body of evidence to demonstrate its role in promoting cell survival, proliferation and neoplastic transformation. SK1 is also elevated in many human cancers which appears to contribute to carcinogenesis, chemotherapeutic resistance and poor patient outcome. SK2, however, has not been as well characterized, and there are contradictions in the key physiological functions that have been proposed for this isoform. Despite this, many studies are now emerging that implicate SK2 in key roles in a variety of diseases, including the development of a range of solid tumours. Here, we review the literature examining SK2, its physiological and pathophysiological functions, the current knowledge of its regulation, and recent developments in targeting this complex enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi A Neubauer
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia
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Watson DG, Tonelli F, Osaimi MA, Williamson L, Chan E, Gorshkova I, Berdyshev E, Bittman R, Pyne NJ, Pyne S. The roles of sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 in regulating the Warburg effect in prostate cancer cells. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1011-7. [PMID: 23314175 PMCID: PMC3595369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Two isoforms of sphingosine kinase, SK1 and SK2, catalyze the formation of the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in mammalian cells. We have previously shown that treatment of androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells with a non-selective SK isoform inhibitor, 2-(p-hydroxyanilino)-4-(p-chlorophenyl)thiazole (SKi), induces the proteasomal degradation of SK1. This is concomitant with a significant increase in C22:0-ceramide and sphingosine levels and a reduction in S1P levels, resulting in the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. In contrast, we show here that a SK2-selective inhibitor, (R)-FTY720 methyl ether (ROME), increases sphingosine and decreases S1P levels but has no effect on ceramide levels and does not induce apoptosis in LNCaP cells. We also show that several glycolytic metabolites and (R)-S-lactoylglutathione are increased upon treatment of LNCaP cells with SKi, which induces the proteasomal degradation of c-Myc. These changes reflect an indirect antagonism of the Warburg effect. LNCaP cells also respond to SKi by diverting glucose 6-phosphate into the pentose phosphate pathway to provide NADPH, which serves as an antioxidant to counter an oxidative stress response. SKi also promotes the formation of a novel pro-apoptotic molecule called diadenosine 5',5'''-P(1),P(3)-triphosphate (Ap3A), which binds to the tumor suppressor fragile histidine triad protein (FHIT). In contrast, the SK2-selective inhibitor, ROME, induces a reduction in some glycolytic metabolites and does not affect oxidative stress. We conclude that SK1 functions to increase the stability of c-Myc and suppresses Ap3A formation, which might maintain the Warburg effect and cell survival, while SK2 exhibits a non-overlapping function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Irina Gorshkova
- The University of Illinois at Chicago Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- The University of Illinois at Chicago Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367-1597, USA
| | | | - Susan Pyne
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (Tel: 441415482012; Fax: 441415522562; )
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49
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Abstract
In this chapter, we review the latest developments concerning the role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in cancer. Particular focus is paid to the role of sphingosine kinases 1 and 2, S1P lyase and S1P-dependent signalling networks in both solid tumours and haematological cancer. The potential of this S1P-dependent pathophysiology as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer is also discussed.
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50
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Liu SQ, Huang JA, Qin MB, Su YJ, Lai MY, Jiang HX, Tang GD. Sphingosine kinase 1 enhances colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion by upregulating the production of MMP-2/9 and uPA via MAPK pathways. Int J Colorectal Dis 2012; 27:1569-78. [PMID: 22684547 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-012-1510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sphingosine kinase (SphK) 1 is an oncogenic enzyme promoting transformation, proliferation, and survival of a number of human tumor cells. However, its effect on colon cancer cell behavior has not been fully clarified. METHODS SphK1 plasmid or SphK1 shRNA transfection and N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS) was used to regulate the expression and activity of SphK1 in colon cancer line LOVO. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and protein expression were detected by MTT, flow cytometry, transwell chambers model, and western blot. The levels of metalloproteinases-2/9 (MMP-2/9) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) were detected by ELISA. RESULTS Overexpression of SphK1 after plasmid transfection markedly enhanced LOVO cell viability and invasiveness and reduced cell apoptosis. In contrast, inhibition of SphK1 by DMS and shRNA significantly suppressed cell viability and invasiveness but promoted cell apoptosis. SphK1 increased the constitutive expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) but reduced the constitutive expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Blocking ERK1/2 pathway inhibited the biological effects induced by overexpression of SphK1. Blocking p38 MAPK pathway reversed the effects of DMS and SphK1 shRNA. Moreover, SphK1 was required for the production of MMP-2/9 and uPA in tumor cells, which was suppressed by ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126, but enhanced by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580. CONCLUSIONS SphK1 enhances colon cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness, meanwhile suppressing cell apoptosis. SphK1 promoting the secretion of MMP-2/9 and uPA via activation of ERK1/2 and suppression of p38 MAPK pathways maybe the molecular mechanisms for its regulation of the malignant behavior of colon cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Quan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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