1
|
Zhang H, Wang H, Qin L, Lin S. Garlic-derived compounds: Epigenetic modulators and their antitumor effects. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1329-1344. [PMID: 38194996 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease that poses a serious threat to human health worldwide. Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, the prognosis and survival rate of cancer remain poor due to late diagnosis, drug resistance, and adverse reactions. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the development mechanism of cancer and formulate effective therapeutic interventions. As widely available bioactive substances, natural products have shown obvious anticancer potential, especially by targeting abnormal epigenetic changes. The main active part of garlic is organic sulfur compounds, of which diallyl trisulfide (DATS) content is the highest, accounting for more than 40% of the total composition. The garlic-derived compounds have been recognized as an antioxidant for cancer prevention and treatment. However, the molecular mechanism of the antitumor effect of garlic-derived compounds remains unclear. Recent studies have identified garlic-derived compound DATS that plays critical roles in enhancing CpG demethylation or promoting histone acetylation as an epigenetic inhibitor. Here, we review the therapeutic progress of garlic-derived compounds against cancer through epigenetic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Qin
- Department of Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shuye Lin
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mathan SV, Singh R, Kim SH, Singh SV, Singh RP. Diallyl Trisulfide Induces ROS-Mediated Mitotic Arrest and Apoptosis and Inhibits HNSCC Tumor Growth and Cancer Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:378. [PMID: 38254868 PMCID: PMC10814060 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in therapeutic approaches, the five-year survival rate for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients is still less than fifty percent. Research has indicated that the consumption of Allium vegetables or processed garlic containing diallyl trisulfide (DATS) can lower the risk of multiple types of cancer. Nevertheless, the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of DATS against HNSCC have not been thoroughly explored until the current study. In this research, it was found that DATS notably curtailed the growth and viability of HNSCC cells. Additionally, DATS triggered a significant G2/M cell cycle arrest in these cells, accumulating cyclin B1, Cip1/p21, and Ser-10 phospho-histone H3-this was indicative of mitotic arrest attenuated by NAC pretreatment, suggesting the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction. The production of ROS induced by DATS led to DNA damage and apoptosis, a process associated with elevated levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, along with reduced XIAP. When HNSCC cells were exposed to pharmacological concentrations of DATS, it resulted in the suppression of cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, as indicated by a decrease in the CD133high/CD44high cell fraction, reduced aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity, inhibited spheroid formation and downregulated SOX2 and Oct4 expression. Furthermore, the administration of DATS to tumor xenografts demonstrated its in vivo capacity to hinder CSCs. Further, DATS treatment inhibited the growth of UMSCC-22B head and neck cancer tumor xenograft in immunocompromised mice. Overall, DATS inhibited cell proliferation; induced cell cycle mitotic arrest and apoptosis involving DNA damage through ROS generation; reduced the CSC fraction and spheroid formation; and downregulated SOX2 and Oct4 expression. More importantly, DATS inhibited HNSCC tumor growth and CSC fraction in vivo. Thus, DATS could be a potential anticancer agent that can be used against head and neck cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivapar V. Mathan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (S.V.M.); (R.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.-H.K.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Ragini Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (S.V.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Su-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.-H.K.); (S.V.S.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shivendra V. Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.-H.K.); (S.V.S.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rana P. Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (S.V.M.); (R.S.)
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Yan Y, Lou Y, Huang X, Liu L, Weng Z, Cui Y, Wu X, Cai H, Chen X, Ji Y. Diallyl trisulfide alleviates chemotherapy sensitivity of ovarian cancer via the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α pathway. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:357-369. [PMID: 36309839 PMCID: PMC9899624 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy promotes drug resistance in ovarian cancer. We investigated the antichemoresistance characteristics of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo. Previous preclinical studies have revealed that DATS regulates distinct hallmark cancer-signaling pathways. The cell cycle pathway is the most investigated signaling pathway in DATS. Additionally, post-DATS treatment has been found to promote proapoptotic capacity through the regulation of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway components. In the present study, we found that treating cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cell lines with DATS inhibited their proliferation and reduced their IC50. It induced cell apoptosis and promoted oxidative phosphorylation through the regulation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α pathway, OXPHOS, and enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity. DATS treatment alleviated glutamine consumption in cisplatin-resistant cells. Our findings highlight the role of DATS in overcoming drug resistance in ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we elucidated the role of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway as a potential target for the treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yi Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yijie Lou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Spleen and Gastric DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineGuangxiChina
| | - Lijian Liu
- Department of Spleen and Gastric DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineGuangxiChina
| | - Zhuofan Weng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yusheng Cui
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xinyue Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huijun Cai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunxi Ji
- Department of General PracticeThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xia SL, Ma ZY, Wang B, Gao F, Yi CG, Zhou XX, Guo SY, Zhou L. In vitro anti-synovial sarcoma effect of diallyl trisulfide and mRNA profiling. Gene 2022; 816:146172. [PMID: 34995734 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a malignant soft tissue sarcoma and its natural history is a long, indolent clinical course followed by high rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Current therapies are still limited in increasing satisfactory of 5-year survival, especially for patients with recurrence and metastasis. Accordingly, finding new therapeutic drug for SS treatment is clinically urgent need. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a bioactive compound derived from garlic, is reported as a promising anti-cancer agent for various carcinomas. However, its effect on anti-SS remains unknown. This study investigated the anti-SS effect of DATS in human synovial sarcoma SW982 cells. METHODS CCK-8 assay were used to examine the cell viability. High-content Imaging System was used to examine the apoptosis, intracellular ROS and autophagy. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle. qPCR and Western blot were used to examine the expression of related mRNA and protein. High-throughput RNA-sequencing and bio-information analysis were used to investigate the mRNA profiling. RESULTS The results showed a suppressive effect of DATS on tumor biology of SW982 cells including inducing apoptosis, triggering G2/M cell cycle arrest, elevating intracellular ROS and damaging mitochondria. Further high-throughput RNA-sequencing analysis clarified a comprehensive molecular portrait for DATS-induced transcriptional regulation. Besides, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis demonstrated that a network consisted of FOXM1, CCNA2, CCNB1, MYBL2, PLK1 and CDK1 might be response for DATS-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased intracellular ROS. Notably, protein feature analysis revealed structure enrichment in microtubule network like kinesin motors domain, and tubulin domain. Molecular function analysis suggested that DATS-induced dysfunction of microtubule network might be the major cause for its effect on cell cycle arrest and successive apoptosis. Furthermore, 28 hub genes (including KIF2C, PLK1, CDK1, BIRC5, CCNB2, CENPF, TPX2, TOP2A and so on) were determined. Finally, pathway analysis showed that DATS-induced differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in cell cycle. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings for the first time provided the DATS-induced cellular response and transcriptional profiling of SW982 cells, which proposes that suppression of DATS on SS is multi-targeted and represent a therapeutic evidence for SS.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Allyl Compounds/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Databases, Genetic
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Flow Cytometry
- Garlic/chemistry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Protein Interaction Maps/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger
- RNA, Neoplasm/chemistry
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Synovial/drug therapy
- Sarcoma, Synovial/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Sulfides/therapeutic use
- Transcriptome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Cun-Guo Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Sheng-Yang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rauf A, Abu-Izneid T, Thiruvengadam M, Imran M, Olatunde A, Shariati MA, Bawazeer S, Naz S, Shirooie S, Sanches-Silva A, Farooq U, Kazhybayeva G. Garlic (Allium sativum L.): Its Chemistry, Nutritional Composition, Toxicity and Anticancer Properties. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 22:957-972. [PMID: 34749610 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211105094939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current review discuss the chemistry, nutritional composition, toxicity, and biological functions of garlic and its bioactive compounds against various types of cancers via different anticancer mechanisms. Several scientific documents were found in reliable literature and searched in databases viz Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Research Gate were carried out using keywords such as "garlic", "garlic bioactive compounds", "anticancer mechanisms of garlic", "nutritional composition of garlic", and others. Garlic contains several phytoconstituents with activities against cancer, and these compounds such as diallyl trisulfide (DATS), allicin, and diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl sulfide (DAS), and allyl mercaptan (AM). The influence of numerous garlic-derived products, phytochemicals, and nanoformulations on the liver, oral, prostate, breast, gastric, colorectal, skin, and pancreatic cancers has been studied. Based on our search, the bioactive molecules in garlic were found to inhibit the various phases of cancer. Moreover, the compounds in this plant also abrogate the peroxidation of lipids, activity of nitric oxide synthase, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), protein kinase C, and regulate cell cycle and survival signaling cascades. Hence, garlic and its bioactive molecules exhibit the aforementioned mechanistic actions and thus, they could be used to inhibit the induction, development and progression of cancer. The review describes the nutritional Composition of garlic, its bioactive molecules, and nanoformulations against various types of cancers, as well as the potential for developing these agents as antitumor drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar 23430, KPK. Pakistan
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus. United Arab Emirates
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029. South Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore. Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 740272. Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management [the First Cossack University], Moscow. Russian Federation
| | - Saud Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 42, Makkah. Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK. Pakistan
| | - Samira Shirooie
- School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah. Iran
| | - Ana Sanches-Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research, 4485-655 Vila do Conde. Portugal
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad-campus. Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai B, Chen Q, Jing R, He X, Wang H, Ban Y, Ye Q, Xu W, Zheng C. Molecular Basis of Prostate Cancer and Natural Products as Potential Chemotherapeutic and Chemopreventive Agents. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:738235. [PMID: 34630112 PMCID: PMC8495205 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.738235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignant cancer in males. It involves a complex process driven by diverse molecular pathways that closely related to the survival, apoptosis, metabolic and metastatic characteristics of aggressive cancer. Prostate cancer can be categorized into androgen dependent prostate cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer and cure remains elusive due to the developed resistance of the disease. Natural compounds represent an extraordinary resource of structural scaffolds with high diversity that can offer promising chemical agents for making prostate cancer less devastating and curable. Herein, those natural compounds of different origins and structures with potential cytotoxicity and/or in vivo anti-tumor activities against prostate cancer are critically reviewed and summarized according to the cellular signaling pathways they interfere. Moreover, the anti-prostate cancer efficacy of many nutrients, medicinal plant extracts and Chinese medical formulations were presented, and the future prospects for the application of these compounds and extracts were discussed. Although the failure of conventional chemotherapy as well as involved serious side effects makes natural products ideal candidates for the treatment of prostate cancer, more investigations of preclinical and even clinical studies are necessary to make use of these medical substances reasonably. Therefore, the elucidation of structure-activity relationship and precise mechanism of action, identification of novel potential molecular targets, and optimization of drug combination are essential in natural medicine research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingke Bai
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianbo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Jing
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui He
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Ban
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Ye
- Department of Biological Science, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiheng Xu
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjian Zheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine Authentication, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Samy ALPA, Shah D, Shahagadkar P, Shah H, Munirathinam G. Can diallyl trisulfide, a dietary garlic-derived compound, activate ferroptosis to overcome therapy resistance in prostate cancer? Nutr Health 2021; 28:207-212. [PMID: 34044656 DOI: 10.1177/02601060211018360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapy resistance is the underlying reason for poor outcome in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is an organosulfur compound present in garlic. DATS has been shown to target PCa cells by induction of apoptosis, increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, degradation of ferritin protein and increase in the labile iron (Fe) pool. AIM We hypothesize that DATS could induce ferroptosis, an Fe-dependent, unique non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death to eliminate therapy resistance encountered by PCa patients. METHODS In vitro and in vivo studies should be performed to test the hypothesis. RESULTS As per the hypothesis, DATS would eliminate apoptotic resistance via inducing ferroptosis. CONCLUSION Since apoptosis resistance has been reported to be the underlying mechanism of therapy resistance in PCa, DATS could be used to effectively target PCa cells by overcoming apoptosis resistance and inducing ferroptosis-mediated cell death of PCa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhruvi Shah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, 14681University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Preksha Shahagadkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, 14681University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Hillary Shah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, 14681University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, 14681University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang M, Ye Q, Mao D, Li H. Research Progress in Liver-Regenerating Microenvironment and DNA Methylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920310. [PMID: 32144233 PMCID: PMC7077739 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development, progression, recurrence, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are closely associated with an abnormal liver-regenerating microenvironment (LRM). Therefore, preventing and reversing an abnormal LRM is a potential therapeutic strategy against HCC. Studies are increasingly focusing on the impact of regeneration, fibrosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, immunomodulation, and hepatic stem cells on HCC development and progression. As a key epigenetic mechanism, DNA methylation is extensively involved in regulating physiological and pathological pathways. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of DNA methylation in the fibrotic, angiogenic, inflammatory/immune, and stem cell microenvironments of HCC, and discuss new advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on influencing the abnormal LRM, so as to gain new insights into alleviating the abnormal LRM via regulating DNA methylation by TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Wang
- Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Qianling Ye
- Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Dewen Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Hanmin Li
- Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yedjou CG, Mbemi AT, Noubissi F, Tchounwou SS, Tsabang N, Payton M, Miele L, Tchounwou PB. Prostate Cancer Disparity, Chemoprevention, and Treatment by Specific Medicinal Plants. Nutrients 2019; 11:E336. [PMID: 30720759 PMCID: PMC6412894 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in men. The global burden of this disease is rising. Its incidence and mortality rates are higher in African American (AA) men compared to white men and other ethnic groups. The treatment decisions for PC are based exclusively on histological architecture, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and local disease state. Despite advances in screening for and early detection of PC, a large percentage of men continue to be diagnosed with metastatic disease including about 20% of men affected with a high mortality rate within the African American population. As such, this population group may benefit from edible natural products that are safe with a low cost. Hence, the central goal of this article is to highlight PC disparity associated with nutritional factors and highlight chemo-preventive agents from medicinal plants that are more likely to reduce PC. To reach this central goal, we searched the PubMed Central database and the Google Scholar website for relevant papers. Our search results revealed that there are significant improvements in PC statistics among white men and other ethnic groups. However, its mortality rate remains significantly high among AA men. In addition, there are limited studies that have addressed the benefits of medicinal plants as chemo-preventive agents for PC treatment, especially among AA men. This review paper addresses this knowledge gap by discussing PC disparity associated with nutritional factors and highlighting the biomedical significance of three medicinal plants (curcumin, garlic, and Vernonia amygdalina) that show a great potential to prevent/treat PC, as well as to reduce its incidence/prevalence and mortality, improve survival rate, and reduce PC-related health disparity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clement G Yedjou
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Ariane T Mbemi
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Felicite Noubissi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Solange S Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, 214 Shoemaker Hall, P.O. Box 1848, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Nole Tsabang
- Department of Animal Biology, Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences, Yaounde P.O.Box 16317, Cameroon.
| | - Marinelle Payton
- Center of Excellence in Minority Health and Health Disparities, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson Medical Mall-Thad Cochran Center, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Avenue, Jackson, MS 39213, USA.
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 533 Bolivar Street, Room 657, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yashin A, Yashin Y, Xia X, Nemzer B. Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:E70. [PMID: 28914764 PMCID: PMC5618098 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are substances that prevent oxidation of other compounds or neutralize free radicals. Spices and herbs are rich sources of antioxidants. They have been used in food and beverages to enhance flavor, aroma and color. Due to their excellent antioxidant activity, spices and herbs have also been used to treat some diseases. In this review article, the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of spices and culinary herbs are presented. The content of flavonoids and total polyphenols in different spices and herbs are summarized. The applications of spices and their impacts on human health are briefly described. The extraction and analytical methods for determination of antioxidant capacity are concisely reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yashin
- International Analytical Center of Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian, Academy of Science, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yakov Yashin
- International Analytical Center of Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian, Academy of Science, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Xiaoyan Xia
- Department of Research & Development, VDF FutureCeuticals, Inc., Momence, IL 60954, USA.
| | - Boris Nemzer
- Department of Research & Development, VDF FutureCeuticals, Inc., Momence, IL 60954, USA.
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Puccinelli MT, Stan SD. Dietary Bioactive Diallyl Trisulfide in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081645. [PMID: 28788092 PMCID: PMC5578035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive dietary agents have been shown to regulate multiple cancer hallmark pathways. Epidemiologic studies have linked consumption of Allium vegetables, such as garlic and onions, to decreased incidence of cancer. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a bioactive compound derived from Allium vegetables, has been investigated as an anti-cancer and chemopreventive agent. Preclinical studies provide ample evidence that DATS regulates multiple cancer hallmark pathways including cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. DATS has been shown to arrest cancer cells at multiple stages of the cell cycle with the G2/M arrest being the most widely reported. Additionally, increased pro-apoptotic capacity as a result of regulating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway components has been widely reported following DATS treatment. Invasion, migration, and angiogenesis represent emerging targets of DATS and support its anti-cancer properties. This review summarizes DATS mechanisms of action as an anti-cancer and chemopreventive agent. These studies provide rationale for future investigation into its use as a cancer chemopreventive agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Puccinelli
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Silvia D Stan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheng SY, Yang YC, Ting KL, Wen SY, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Lactate dehydrogenase downregulation mediates the inhibitory effect of diallyl trisulfide on proliferation, metastasis, and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1390-1398. [PMID: 27566995 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, suggesting that specific agents targeting Warburg effect key proteins may be a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Previous studies have shown that diallyl trisulfide (DATS) inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. However, whether the Warburg effect is involved with the apoptosis-promoting action of DATS is unclear. Here, we show that the action of DATS is associated with downregulation of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), an essential protein of the Warburg effect whose upregulation is closely related to tumorigenesis. Interestingly, inhibition of the Warburg effect by DATS in breast cancer cells did not greatly affect normal cells. Furthermore, DATS inhibited growth of breast cancer cells, particularly in MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell, and reduced proliferation and migration; invasion was reversed by over-expression of LDHA. These data suggest that DATS inhibits breast cancer growth and aggressiveness through a novel pathway targeting the key enzyme of the Warburg effect. Our study shows that LDHA downregulation is involved in the apoptotic effect of DATS on TNBC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1390-1398, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yann Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, 651, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University An Nan Hospital, Yunlin, 651, Taiwan, ROC
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 413, Republic of China
| | - Yao-Chih Yang
- Departments of Biological Science & Technology College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lun Ting
- Departments of Biological Science & Technology College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ying Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Departments of Biological Science & Technology College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu XQ, Su SB. An overview of epigenetics in Chinese medicine researches. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 23:714-720. [PMID: 28000097 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinese medicine (CM) has contributed to human health care for several thousand years and is still popular in Asian countries. But the mechanisms underlying CM remain obscure, and need to be clarifified by modern biological subjects and methods. Recently, CM researches on epigenetics have gained obvious improvement following rapidly developed molecular technologies. In this review, we revealed mutual characteristics of epigenetics and CM, such as holism, yin-yang dynamic nature, reversibility and balance, and visceral manifestation. Moreover, epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone post-transcriptional modifications, micro RNA interference, etc. may help explore the molecular basis of CM syndrome classifification, and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), CHM compounds and Chinese herbal formulae activities. Meanwhile, CM and epigenetics might promote each other and jointly develop following the continuous progress of epigenetics in CM researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Hu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shi-Bing Su
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yagdi E, Cerella C, Dicato M, Diederich M. Garlic-derived natural polysulfanes as hydrogen sulfide donors: Friend or foe? Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 95:219-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
15
|
Chintapalli R, Murray MJJ, Murray JT. Heat Inactivation of Garlic (Allium sativum) Extract Abrogates Growth Inhibition of HeLa Cells. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:818-26. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1171885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
16
|
Wang H, Sun N, Li X, Li K, Tian J, Li J. Diallyl trisulfide induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-mediated downregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3648-58. [PMID: 27035545 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a natural organosulfur compound isolated from garlic, and has been reported to possess anticancer activities. However, the cancer growth inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms in human osteosarcoma cells have not been well studied. The present study demonstrated that DATS significantly reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in MG63 and MNNG/HOS cells. DATS-induced G0/G1 phase arrest was found to correlate with a decrease in cyclin D1 in concomitance with an increase in p21 and p27. DATS induced a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in the osteosarcoma cells. DATS induced apoptosis in the MG63 and MNNG/HOS cells via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. The efficiency of DATS basically approached the efficacy of LY294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor. However, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a general ROS scavenger, completely blocked the DATS-induced ROS increase, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway and cell apoptosis. Overall, DATS has the potential to be developed as a new anticancer drug. The mechanisms of action involve the ROS-mediated downregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Na Sun
- Shandong Institute of Medicine and Health Information, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ka Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jiguang Tian
- Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hung FM, Shang HS, Tang NY, Lin JJ, Lu KW, Lin JP, Ko YC, Yu CC, Wang HL, Liao JC, Lu HF, Chung JG. Effects of diallyl trisulfide on induction of apoptotic death in murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and alterations of the immune responses in normal and leukemic mice in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1343-1353. [PMID: 24890016 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a chemopreventive dietary constituent and extracted from garlic, has been shown to against cultured many types of human cancer cell liens but the fate of apoptosis in murine leukemia cells in vitro and immune responses in leukemic mice remain elusive. Herein, we clarified the actions of DATS on growth inhibition of murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and used WEHI-3 cells to generate leukemic mice in vivo, following to investigate the effects of DATS in animal model. In in vitro study, DATS induced apoptosis of WEHI-3 cells through the G0/G1 phase arrest and induction of caspase-3 activation. In in vivo study DATS decreased the weight of spleen of leukemia mice but did not affect the spleen weight of normal mice. DATS promoted the immune responses such as promotions of the macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell activities in WEHI-3 leukemic and normal mice. However, DATS only promotes NK cell activities in normal mice. DATS increases the surface markers of CD11b and Mac-3 in leukemia mice but only promoted CD3 in normal mice. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DATS induces cell death through induction of apoptosis in mice leukemia WHEI-3 cells. DATS also promotes immune responses in leukemia and normal mice in vivo.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Allyl Compounds/pharmacology
- Allyl Compounds/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Differentiation/immunology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Garlic/chemistry
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, Experimental/immunology
- Leukemia, Experimental/prevention & control
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Sulfides/pharmacology
- Sulfides/therapeutic use
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ming Hung
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, 220, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sheng Shang
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Division of Clinical Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nou-Ying Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jyh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Wen Lu
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Pin Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Ching Ko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Yu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Lung Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chi Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 242, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wan HF, Yu LH, Wu JL, Tu S, Zhu WF, Zhang XL, Wan FS. Effect of diallyl trisulfide on human ovarian cancer SKOV- 3/DDP cell apoptosis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:7197-201. [PMID: 24460275 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of diallyl trisulfide (DT) on apoptosis of cisplatin (DDP)-resistant human epithelial ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells (SKOV-3/DDP), and the role of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA). METHODS SKOV-3/DDP cells were randomly divided into control, DT, DPP and DPP+DT groups, which were treated with DT or combined DT and DDP. All cells were incubated for 48 h. and apoptosis rates were assessed by flow cytometry. mRNA and protein expression of PUMA, Bax and Bcl-2 was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot assays, respectively. RESULTS Compared with control group, the apoptosis rates of SKOV-3/DDP cells in DT groups were obviously increased, with dose-dependence (P < 0.05), the mRNA and protein expressions of PUMA, Bax also being up-regulated (P < 0.05), while those of Bcl-2 were down-regulated (P < 0.05). Compared with DT groups, the apoptosis rate in the DDP+DT group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). After knockdown of PUMA with specific siRNA, the apoptosis rate of SKOV-3/DDP cells was obviously decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION DT can promote the apoptosis of SKOV-3/DDP cells with PUMA playing a critical role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Wan
- Department of Medical Experiment Teaching, Nan Chang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shukla S, Fu P, Gupta S. Apigenin induces apoptosis by targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and Ku70-Bax interaction in prostate cancer. Apoptosis 2014; 19:883-94. [PMID: 24563225 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-0971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the apoptotic pathway in prostate cancer cells confers apoptosis resistance towards various therapies. A novel strategy to overcome resistance is to directly target the apoptotic pathway in cancer cells. Apigenin, an anticancer agent, selectively toxic to cancer cells induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mechanisms which are not fully explored. In the present study we provide novel insight into the mechanisms of apoptosis induction by apigenin. Treatment of androgen-refractory human prostate cancer PC-3 and DU145 cells with apigenin resulted in dose-dependent suppression of XIAP, c-IAP1, c-IAP2 and survivin protein levels. Apigenin treatment resulted in significant decrease in cell viability and apoptosis induction with the increase of cytochrome C in time-dependent manner. These effects of apigenin were accompanied by decrease in Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 and increase in the active form of Bax protein. The apigenin-mediated increase in Bax was due to dissociation of Bax from Ku70 which is essential for apoptotic activity of Bax. Apigenin treatment resulted in the inhibition of class I histone deacetylases and HDAC1 protein expression, thereby increasing the acetylation of Ku70 and the dissociation of Bax resulting in apoptosis of cancer cells. Furthermore, apigenin significantly reduced HDAC1 occupancy at the XIAP promoter, suggesting that histone deacetylation might be critical for XIAP downregulation. These results suggest that apigenin targets inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and Ku70-Bax interaction in the induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and in athymic nude mouse xenograft model endorsing its in vivo efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University & The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lan X, Sun H, Liu J, Lin Y, Zhu Z, Han X, Sun X, Li X, Zhang H, Tang Z. Effects of garlic oil on pancreatic cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:5905-10. [PMID: 24289598 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the preventive and therapeutic potential of garlic oil on human pancreatic carcinoma cells. METHODS The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to study the effects of garlic oil on three human pancreatic cancer cell lines, AsPC-1, Mia PaCa-2 and PANC-1. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry (FCM), staining with PI and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI), respectively. Morphologic changes of pancreatic cancer cells were observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after treatment with garlic oil at low inhibitory concentrations (2.5 μM and 10 μM) for 24 hours. RESULTS Proliferation of the AsPC-1, PANC-1, and Mia PaCa-2 cells was obviously inhibited in the first 24 hours with the MTT assay. The inhibition effect was more significant after 48 hours. When cells were exposed to garlic oil at higher concentrations, an early change of the apoptotic tendency was detected by FCM and TEM. CONCLUSION Garlic oil could inhibit the proliferation of AsPC-1, PANC-1, and Mia PaCa-2 cells in this study. Moreover, due to programmed cell death, cell cycle arrest, or both, pro-apoptosis effects on AsPC-1 cells were induced by garlic oil in a dose and time dependent manner in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xy Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jo M, Yun HM, Park KR, Park MH, Lee DH, Cho SH, Yoo HS, Lee YM, Jeong HS, Kim Y, Jung JK, Hwang BY, Lee MK, Kim ND, Han SB, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of thiacremonone through down regulation of peroxiredoxin 6. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91508. [PMID: 24618722 PMCID: PMC3950181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiacremonone (2, 4-dihydroxy-2, 5-dimethyl-thiophene-3-one) is an antioxidant substance as a novel sulfur compound generated from High-Temperature-High-Pressure-treated garlic. Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is a member of peroxidases, and has glutathione peroxidase and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activities. Several studies have demonstrated that PRDX6 stimulates lung cancer cell growth via an increase of glutathione peroxidase activity. A docking model study and pull down assay showed that thiacremonone completely fits on the active site (cys-47) of glutathione peroxidase of PRDX6 and interacts with PRDX6. Thus, we investigated whether thiacremonone inhibits cell growth by blocking glutathione peroxidase of PRDX6 in the human lung cancer cells, A549 and NCI-H460. Thiacremonone (0-50 μg/ml) inhibited lung cancer cell growth in a concentration dependent manner through induction of apoptotic cell death accompanied by induction of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53, but decrease of xIAP, cIAP and Bcl2 expression. Thiacremonone further inhibited glutathione peroxidase activity in lung cancer cells. However, the cell growth inhibitory effect of thiacremonone was not observed in the lung cancer cells transfected with mutant PRDX6 (C47S) and in the presence of dithiothreitol and glutathione. In an allograft in vivo model, thiacremonone (30 mg/kg) also inhibited tumor growth accompanied with the reduction of PRDX6 expression and glutathione peroxidase activity, but increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53. These data indicate that thiacremonone inhibits tumor growth via inhibition of glutathione peroxidase activity of PRDX6 through interaction. These data suggest that thiacremonone may have potentially beneficial effects in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miran Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- College of Agriculture, Life and Environments Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wallace GC, Haar CP, Vandergrift WA, Giglio P, Dixon-Mah YN, Varma AK, Ray SK, Patel SJ, Banik NL, Das A. Multi-targeted DATS prevents tumor progression and promotes apoptosis in ectopic glioblastoma xenografts in SCID mice via HDAC inhibition. J Neurooncol 2013; 114:43-50. [PMID: 23754639 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-013-1165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most lethal brain tumor, remains incurable despite aggressive chemotherapy and surgical interventions. New chemotherapeutics for glioblastoma have been explored in preclinical models and some agents have reached the clinical setting. However, success rates are not significant. Previous investigations involving diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a garlic compound, indicated significant anti-cancer effects in glioblastoma in vitro. DATS has also been shown to inhibit histone deacetylase activity and impede glioblastoma tumor progression. We hypothesized that DATS would block ectopic U87MG tumor by multiple pro-apoptotic pathways via inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC). To prove this, we developed ectopic U87MG tumors in SCID mice and treated them daily with intraperitoneal injections of DATS for 7 days. Results indicated that DATS (10 μg/kg-10 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced tumor mass and number of mitotic cells within tumors. Histological and biochemical assays demonstrated that DATS reduced mitosis in tumors, decreased HDAC activity, increased acetylation of H3 and H4, inhibited cell cycle progression, decreased pro-tumor markers (e.g., survivin, Bcl-2, c-Myc, mTOR, EGFR, VEGF), promoted apoptotic factors (e.g., bax, mcalpian, active caspase-3), and induced DNA fragmentation. Our data also demonstrated an increase in p21Waf1 expression, which correlated with increased p53 expression and MDM2 degradation following DATS treatment. Finally, histological assessment and enzyme assays showed that even the highest dose of DATS did not negatively impact hepatic function. Collectively, our results clearly demonstrated that DATS could be an effective therapeutic agent in preventing tumor progression and inducing apoptosis in human glioblastoma in vivo, without impairing hepatic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald C Wallace
- Department of Neurosciences (Neurology and Neuro-oncology) and MUSC Brain & Spine Tumor Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee SH, Liu YT, Chen KM, Lii CK, Liu CT. Effect of garlic sulfur compounds on neutrophil infiltration and damage to the intestinal mucosa by endotoxin in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:567-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
24
|
Thornthwaite JT, Shah H, Shah P, Respess H. The Natural Killer Cell: A Historical Perspective and the Use of Supplements to Enhance NKC Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/jibtva.2012.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
25
|
Ho E, Beaver LM, Williams DE, Dashwood RH. Dietary factors and epigenetic regulation for prostate cancer prevention. Adv Nutr 2011; 2:497-510. [PMID: 22332092 PMCID: PMC3226387 DOI: 10.3945/an.111.001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of epigenetic alterations in various human chronic diseases has gained increasing attention and has resulted in a paradigm shift in our understanding of disease susceptibility. In the field of cancer research, e.g., genetic abnormalities/mutations historically were viewed as primary underlying causes; however, epigenetic mechanisms that alter gene expression without affecting DNA sequence are now recognized as being of equal or greater importance for oncogenesis. Methylation of DNA, modification of histones, and interfering microRNA (miRNA) collectively represent a cadre of epigenetic elements dysregulated in cancer. Targeting the epigenome with compounds that modulate DNA methylation, histone marks, and miRNA profiles represents an evolving strategy for cancer chemoprevention, and these approaches are starting to show promise in human clinical trials. Essential micronutrients such as folate, vitamin B-12, selenium, and zinc as well as the dietary phytochemicals sulforaphane, tea polyphenols, curcumin, and allyl sulfur compounds are among a growing list of agents that affect epigenetic events as novel mechanisms of chemoprevention. To illustrate these concepts, the current review highlights the interactions among nutrients, epigenetics, and prostate cancer susceptibility. In particular, we focus on epigenetic dysregulation and the impact of specific nutrients and food components on DNA methylation and histone modifications that can alter gene expression and influence prostate cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Laura M. Beaver
- Linus Pauling Institute,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, and
| | - David E. Williams
- Linus Pauling Institute,Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Roderick H. Dashwood
- Linus Pauling Institute,Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Antony ML, Singh SV. Molecular mechanisms and targets of cancer chemoprevention by garlic-derived bioactive compound diallyl trisulfide. INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:805-816. [PMID: 22126011 PMCID: PMC3228415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Health benefits of garlic and other Allium vegetables (e.g., onions), such as lipid lowering and anticancer effects, are credited to metabolic byproducts, including diallyl trisulfide (DATS). Evidence for anticancer effects of garlic derives from both population-based case-control studies, and clinical and laboratory investigations using purified garlic constituents such as DATS. Studies have shown that DATS can offer protection against chemically-induced neoplasia as well as oncogene-driven spontaneous cancer development in experimental rodents. Mechanisms underlying cancer chemopreventive effects of DATS are not completely understood, but known pharmacological responses to this natural product include alteration in carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptotic cell death, suppression of oncogenic signal transduction pathways, and inhibition of neoangiogenesis. This article reviews mechanisms and targets of cancer chemoprevention by DATS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shivendra V. Singh
- Correspondence: 2.32A Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Phone: 412-623-3263; Fax: 412-623-7828;
| |
Collapse
|