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Gaba AG, Cao L, Renfrew RJ, Witte D, Wernisch JM, Sahmoun AE, Goel S, Egland KA, Crosby RD. Differences in Breast Cancers Among American Indian/Alaska Native and non-Hispanic Whites in the USA. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:2378-2389. [PMID: 37432561 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Breast cancer (BC) death rates have not improved for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) women, whereas, it has significantly decreased for non-Hispanic White (White) women. OBJECTIVE Delineate the differences in patient and tumor characteristics among AI/AN and Whites with BC, and its impact on age and stage at diagnosis as well as overall survival (OS). METHODS Hospital-based, cohort study using the National Cancer Database to identify female AI/AN and Whites diagnosed with BC between the years 2004 and 2016. RESULTS BC in 6866 AI/AN (0.3%) and 1,987,324 Whites (99.7%) were studied. The median age at diagnosis was 58 for AI/AN and 62 for Whites. AI BC patients traveled double the distance for treatment, lived in lower median income zip codes, had a higher percentage of uninsured, higher comorbidities, lower percentage of Stage 0/I, larger tumor size, greater number of positive lymph nodes, higher proportion of triple negative and HER2-positive BC than Whites. All the above comparisons were significant, p<0.001. Association between patient/tumor characteristics with age and stage at diagnosis was not significantly different between AI/AN and Whites. Unadjusted OS was worse for AI/AN as compared to Whites (HR=1.07, 95% CI=1.01-1.14, p=0.023). After adjustment of all covariates, OS was not different (HR=1.038, 95%CI=0.902-1.195, p=0.601). CONCLUSION There were significant differences in patient/tumor characteristics among AI/AN and White BC which adversely impacted OS in AI/AN. However, when adjusted for various covariates, the survival was similar, suggesting that the worse survival in AI/AN is mostly the impact of known biological, socio-economic, and environmental determinants of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu G Gaba
- Sanford Roger Maris Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of North Dakota, 820 4th Street N, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
| | - Li Cao
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sanjay Goel
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Ross D Crosby
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, ND, USA
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2
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Barnard ME, Wang X, Petrick JL, Zirpoli GR, Jones D, Johnson WE, Palmer JR. Psychosocial stressors and breast cancer gene expression in the Black Women's Health Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 204:327-340. [PMID: 38127176 PMCID: PMC11232497 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prior studies indicate that the physiologic response to stress can affect gene expression. We evaluated differential gene expression in breast cancers collected from Black women with high versus low exposure to psychosocial stressors. METHODS We analyzed tumor RNA sequencing data from 417 Black Women's Health Study breast cancer cases with data on early life trauma and neighborhood disadvantage. We conducted age-adjusted differential gene expression analyses and pathway analyses. We also evaluated Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity (CTRA) contrast scores, relative fractions of immune cell types, T cell exhaustion, and adrenergic signaling. Analyses were run separately for estrogen receptor positive (ER+; n = 299) and ER- (n = 118) cases. RESULTS Among ER+ cases, the top differentially expressed pathways by stress exposure were related to RNA and protein metabolism. Among ER- cases, they were related to developmental biology, signal transduction, metabolism, and the immune system. Targeted analyses indicated greater immune pathway enrichment with stress exposure for ER- cases, and possible relevance of adrenergic signaling for ER+ cases. CTRA contrast scores did not differ by stress exposure, but in analyses of the CTRA components, ER- breast cancer cases with high neighborhood disadvantage had higher pro-inflammatory gene expression (p = 0.039) and higher antibody gene expression (p = 0.006) compared to those with low neighborhood disadvantage. CONCLUSION There are multiple pathways through which psychosocial stress exposure may influence breast tumor biology. Given the present findings on inflammation and immune response in ER- tumors, further research to identify stress-induced changes in the etiology and progression of ER- breast cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie E Barnard
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Xutao Wang
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L Petrick
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Gary R Zirpoli
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dennis Jones
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Evan Johnson
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Center for Data Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Naderi A, Liles K, Burns T, Chavez B, Huynh-Dam KT, Kiaris H. Pair bonding and disruption impact lung transcriptome in monogamous Peromyscus californicus. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:789. [PMID: 38114920 PMCID: PMC10729396 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Social interactions affect physiological and pathological processes, yet their direct impact in peripheral tissues remains elusive. Recently we showed that disruption of pair bonds in monogamous Peromyscus californicus promotes lung tumorigenesis, pointing to a direct effect of bonding status in the periphery (Naderi et al., 2021). Here we show that lung transcriptomes of tumor-free Peromyscus are altered in a manner that depends on pair bonding and superseding the impact of genetic relevance between siblings. Pathways affected involve response to hypoxia and heart development. These effects are consistent with the profile of the serum proteome of bonded and bond-disrupted Peromyscus and were extended to lung cancer cells cultured in vitro, with sera from animals that differ in bonding experiences. In this setting, the species' origin of serum (deer mouse vs FBS) is the most potent discriminator of RNA expression profiles, followed by bonding status. By analyzing the transcriptomes of lung cancer cells exposed to deer mouse sera, an expression signature was developed that discriminates cells according to the history of social interactions and possesses prognostic significance when applied to primary human lung cancers. The results suggest that present and past social experiences modulate the expression profile of peripheral tissues such as the lungs, in a manner that impacts physiological processes and may affect disease outcomes. Furthermore, they show that besides the direct effects of the hormones that regulate bonding behavior, physiological changes influencing oxygen metabolism may contribute to the adverse effects of bond disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Naderi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - K Liles
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Claflin University, Orangeburg, SC, USA
| | - T Burns
- Department of Biology, Claflin University, Orangeburg, SC, USA
| | - B Chavez
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - K-T Huynh-Dam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - H Kiaris
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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4
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Hilakivi-Clarke L, de Oliveira Andrade F. Social Isolation and Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad126. [PMID: 37586098 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Although the role of life stressors in breast cancer remains unclear, social isolation is consistently associated with increased breast cancer risk and mortality. Social isolation can be defined as loneliness or an absence of perceived social connections. In female mice and rats, social isolation is mimicked by housing animals 1 per cage. Social isolation causes many biological changes, of which an increase in inflammatory markers and disruptions in mitochondrial and cellular metabolism are commonly reported. It is not clear how the 2 traditional stress-induced pathways, namely, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA), resulting in a release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex, and autonomic nervous system (ANS), resulting in a release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla and postganglionic neurons, could explain the increased breast cancer risk in socially isolated individuals. For instance, glucocorticoid receptor activation in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells inhibits their proliferation, and activation of β-adrenergic receptor in immature immune cells promotes their differentiation toward antitumorigenic T cells. However, activation of HPA and ANS pathways may cause a disruption in the brain-gut-microbiome axis, resulting in gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis, in turn, leads to an alteration in the production of bacterial metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids, causing a systemic low-grade inflammation and inducing dysfunction in mitochondrial and cellular metabolism. A possible causal link between social isolation-induced increased breast cancer risk and mortality and gut dysbiosis should be investigated, as it offers new tools to prevent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Hilakivi-Clarke
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Fabia de Oliveira Andrade
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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Strober JW, Fernandez S, Ye H, Brady MJ. Differential effects of acute versus chronic dietary fructose consumption on metabolic responses in FVB/N mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R255-R266. [PMID: 35580305 PMCID: PMC9306790 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00174.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Increased human consumption of hgh fructose corn syrup has been linked to the marked increase in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Previous studies on the rapid effects of a high fructose diet in mice have largely been confined to the C57Bl6 strains. In the current studied, the FVB/N strain of mice that are resistant to diet induced weight gain were utilized and fed a control or high fructose diet for 48 hours or 12 weeks. Many of the previously reported changes that occurred upon high fructose feeding for 48 hours in C57Bl6 mice were recapitulated in the FVB/N mice. However, the acute increases in fructolytic and lipogenic gene expression were completely lost during the 12 week dietary intervention protocol. Furthermore, there was no significant weight gain in FVB/N mice fed a high fructose diet for 12 weeks, despite an overall increase in caloric consumption and an increase in average epididymal adipocyte cell size. These findings may be in part explained by a commensurate increase in energy expenditure and in carbohydrate utilization in high fructose fed animals. Overall, these findings demonstrate that FVB/N mice are a suitable model for the study of the effects of dietary intervention on metabolic and molecular parameters. Furthermore, the rapid changes in hepatic gene expression that have been widely reported were not sustained over a longer time course. Compensatory changes in energy expenditure and utilization may be in part responsible for the differences obtained between acute and chronic high fructose feeding protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan W Strober
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Sully Fernandez
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Honggang Ye
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Matthew J Brady
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States.,Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States
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Iyer HS, Hart JE, James P, Elliott EG, DeVille NV, Holmes MD, De Vivo I, Mucci LA, Laden F, Rebbeck TR. Impact of neighborhood socioeconomic status, income segregation, and greenness on blood biomarkers of inflammation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107164. [PMID: 35255255 PMCID: PMC8985077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neighborhood deprivation is linked with inflammation, which may explain poorer health across populations. Behavioral risk factors are assumed to largely mediate these relationships, but few studies have examined this. We examined three neighborhood contextual factors that could exert direct effects on inflammation: (1) neighborhood socioeconomic status, (2) an index of concentration at extremes (that measures segregation), and (3) surrounding vegetation (greenness). METHODS Using blood samples and addresses collected from prospective cohorts of 7,930 male (1990-1994) and 16,183 female (1986-1990) health professionals with at least one inflammatory marker, we prospectively linked neighborhood contextual factors to inflammatory biomarkers (adiponectin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-2). Log-transformed, z-scaled component measures were used to calculate an inflammation score. Neighborhood socioeconomic status and index of concentration of extremes were obtained from the 1990 decennial census and linked to participant addresses. Surrounding greenness was assessed from satellite data and focal statistics were applied to generate exposures within 270 m and 1230 m of the participants' address. We fit multiple linear regression models adjusting for demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors. RESULTS Higher neighborhood socioeconomic status was associated with lower inflammation score in women (β for interquartile range increase = -27.7%, 95% CI: -34.9%, -19.8%) and men (β = -21.2%, 95% CI: -31.0%, -10.1%). Similarly, participants in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of high-income households were associated with lower inflammation score in women (β = -27.8%, 95% CI: -35.8%, -18.7%) and men (β = -16.4%, 95% CI: -29.7%, -0.56%). Surrounding greenness within 270 m of each participant's address was associated with lower inflammation score in women (β = -18.9%, 95% CI: -28.9%, -7.4%) but not men. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses to assess unmeasured confounding and selection bias. DISCUSSION Our findings support the hypothesis that adverse neighborhood environments may contribute to inflammation through pathways independent of behavioral risk factors, including psychosocial stress and toxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari S Iyer
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare, Boston, USA
| | - Elise G Elliott
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Nicole V DeVille
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Michelle D Holmes
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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7
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Kerkvliet CP, Truong TH, Ostrander JH, Lange CA. Stress sensing within the breast tumor microenvironment: how glucocorticoid receptors live in the moment. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:971-983. [PMID: 34132331 PMCID: PMC8627466 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The classification and treatment of breast cancer is largely defined by the expression of steroid hormone receptors (HRs), namely estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), and gene amplification/overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). More recently, studies of androgen receptor (AR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) have revealed that targeting these related HRs may be a promising strategy for a more personalized approach to the treatment of specific subtypes of HR+ breast cancer. For example, GR expression is associated with a good prognosis in ER+ breast cancer, but predicts poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). GR, like ER, PRs, and AR, is a ligand-activated transcription factor, but also has significant ligand-independent signaling activities. GR transcriptional activity is classically regulated by circulating glucocorticoids (GCs; ligand-dependent). Recent studies demonstrate that GR transcriptional activity is also regulated by a variety of cellular stress stimuli that input to GR Ser134 phosphorylation via rapid activation of the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway (ligand-independent). Furthermore, ligand-independent GR activation promotes feedforward signaling loops that mediate sustained activation of stress signaling pathways to drive advanced cancer biology (i.e. migration, invasion, chemoresistance, survival, and cellular growth). In this review, we will focus on the role of GR as a key sensor and mediator of physiologic and tumor microenvironment (TME)-derived cellular stress signaling in TNBC and discuss how targeting GR and/or associated signaling pathways may provide a strategy to inhibit deadly TNBC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thu H. Truong
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
| | - Julie Hanson Ostrander
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
| | - Carol A. Lange
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
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Berry A, Collacchi B, Capoccia S, D'Urso MT, Cecchetti S, Raggi C, Sestili P, Aricò E, Pontecorvi G, Puglisi R, Ortona E, Cirulli F. Chronic Isolation Stress Affects Central Neuroendocrine Signaling Leading to a Metabolically Active Microenvironment in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:660738. [PMID: 34305544 PMCID: PMC8298821 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.660738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Social isolation is a powerful stressor capable of affecting brain plasticity and function. In the case of breast cancer, previous data indicate that stressful experiences may contribute to a worse prognosis, activating neuroendocrine and metabolism pathways, although the mechanisms underlying these effects are still poorly understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic isolation stress (IS) may boost hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity, leading to changes in the hypothalamic expression of genes modulating both mood and metabolism in an animal model of breast cancer. This centrally activated signaling cascade would, in turn, affect the mammary gland microenvironment specifically targeting fat metabolism, leading to accelerated tumor onset. MMTVNeuTg female mice (a model of breast cancer developing mammary hyperplasia at 5 months of age) were either group-housed (GH) or subjected to IS from weaning until 5 months of age. At this time, half of these subjects underwent acute restraint stress to assess corticosterone (CORT) levels, while the remaining subjects were characterized for their emotional profile in the forced swimming and saccharin preference tests. At the end of the procedures, all the mice were sacrificed to assess hypothalamic expression levels of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), Neuropeptide Y (NpY), Agouti-Related Peptide (AgRP), and Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Protein Kinase 1 (SgK1). Leptin and adiponectin expression levels, as well as the presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT), were assessed in mammary fat pads. The IS mice showed higher CORT levels following acute stress and decreased expression of NpY, AgRP, and SgK1, associated with greater behavioral despair in the forced swimming test. Furthermore, they were characterized by increased consumption of saccharin in a preference test, suggesting an enhanced hedonic profile. The IS mice also showed an earlier onset of breast lumps (assessed by palpation) accompanied by elevated levels of adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and BAT in the mammary fat pads. Overall, these data point to IS as a pervasive stressor that is able to specifically target neuronal circuits, mastered by the hypothalamus, modulating mood, stress reactivity and energy homeostasis. The activation of such IS-driven machinery may hold main implications for the onset and maintenance of pro-tumorigenic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Berry
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Collacchi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Capoccia
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa D'Urso
- Animal Research and Welfare Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Microscopy Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Raggi
- National Centre for the Control and the Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sestili
- National Centre for the Control and the Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Aricò
- FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Pontecorvi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Puglisi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ortona
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Kalezic A, Udicki M, Srdic Galic B, Aleksic M, Korac A, Jankovic A, Korac B. Tissue-Specific Warburg Effect in Breast Cancer and Cancer-Associated Adipose Tissue-Relationship between AMPK and Glycolysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112731. [PMID: 34073074 PMCID: PMC8198826 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Specific metabolic phenotypes of breast cancer result from local interactions such as cancer-adipocyte cross-talk and systemic metabolic influences such as obesity. Here we examined key regulatory enzymes involved in glucose metabolism in breast cancer tissue and cancer-associated adipose tissue of normal-weight and overweight/obese premenopausal women in comparison to benign breast tumor tissue and adipose tissue of weight-matched women. We show a simultaneous increase in 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression with glucose utilization favoring glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway in breast cancer tissue. In parallel, we show an increased AMPK protein expression with glucose utilization favoring the pentose phosphate pathway in cancer-associated adipose tissue. Moreover, specific features of cancer tissue glycolysis and glycogen metabolism differ between normal-weight and overweight/obese women. The results suggest context-dependent induction of tissue-specific Warburg effect in breast cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue. Abstract Typical features of the breast malignant phenotype rely on metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells and their interaction with surrounding adipocytes. Obesity is strongly associated with breast cancer mortality, yet the effects of obesity on metabolic reprogramming of cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue remain largely unknown. Paired biopsies of breast tumor tissue and adipose tissue from premenopausal women were divided according to pathohistological analyses and body mass index on normal-weight and overweight/obese with benign or malignant tumors. We investigated the protein expression of key regulatory enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and glycogen synthesis. Breast cancer tissue showed a simultaneous increase in 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression with typical features of the Warburg effect, including hexokinase 2 (HK 2) overexpression and its association with mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1, associated with an overexpression of rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis (phosphofructokinase 1—PFK-1) and pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase—G6PDH). In parallel, cancer-associated adipose tissue showed increased AMPK protein expression with overexpression of HK 2 and G6PDH in line with increased PPP activity. Moreover, important obesity-associated differences in glucose metabolism were observed in breast cancer tissue showing prominent glycogen deposition and higher glycogen synthase kinase-3 protein expression in normal-weight women and higher PFK-1 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein expression in overweight/obese women. In conclusion, metabolic reprogramming of glycolysis contributes to tissue-specific Warburg effect in breast cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjelika Kalezic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (A.J.)
| | - Mirjana Udicki
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.U.); (B.S.G.)
| | - Biljana Srdic Galic
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.U.); (B.S.G.)
| | - Marija Aleksic
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Korac
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (A.J.)
| | - Bato Korac
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (A.J.)
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.A.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +3-811-1207-8307
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Minas TZ, Kiely M, Ajao A, Ambs S. An overview of cancer health disparities: new approaches and insights and why they matter. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:2-13. [PMID: 33185680 PMCID: PMC7717137 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer health disparities remain stubbornly entrenched in the US health care system. The Affordable Care Act was legislation to target these disparities in health outcomes. Expanded access to health care, reduction in tobacco use, uptake of other preventive measures and cancer screening, and improved cancer therapies greatly reduced cancer mortality among women and men and underserved communities in this country. Yet, disparities in cancer outcomes remain. Underserved populations continue to experience an excessive cancer burden. This burden is largely explained by health care disparities, lifestyle factors, cultural barriers, and disparate exposures to carcinogens and pathogens, as exemplified by the COVID-19 epidemic. However, research also shows that comorbidities, social stress, ancestral and immunobiological factors, and the microbiome, may contribute to health disparities in cancer risk and survival. Recent studies revealed that comorbid conditions can induce an adverse tumor biology, leading to a more aggressive disease and decreased patient survival. In this review, we will discuss unanswered questions and new opportunities in cancer health disparity research related to comorbid chronic diseases, stress signaling, the immune response, and the microbiome, and what contribution these factors may have as causes of cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsion Zewdu Minas
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maeve Kiely
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anuoluwapo Ajao
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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11
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Characterization of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber), a heterothermic mammal. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19488. [PMID: 33173084 PMCID: PMC7656259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (NMR) is a heterothermic mammal that forms eusocial colonies consisting of one reproductive female (queen), several reproductive males, and subordinates. Despite their heterothermy, NMRs possess brown adipose tissue (BAT), which generally induces thermogenesis in cold and some non-cold environments. Previous studies suggest that NMR-BAT induces thermogenesis by cold exposure. However, detailed NMR-BAT characteristics and whether NMR-BAT thermogenesis occurs in non-cold environments are unknown. Here, we show beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3)-dependent thermogenic potential of NMR-BAT, which contributes to thermogenesis in the isolated queen in non-cold environments (30 °C). NMR-BAT expressed several brown adipocyte marker genes and showed noradrenaline-dependent thermogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. Although our ADRB3 inhibition experiments revealed that NMR-BAT thermogenesis slightly delays the decrease in body temperature in a cold environment (20 °C), it was insufficient to prevent the decrease in the body temperatures. Even at 30 °C, NMRs are known to prevent the decrease of and maintain their body temperature by heat-sharing behaviors within the colony. However, isolated NMRs maintained their body temperature at the same level as when they are in the colony. Interestingly, we found that queens, but not subordinates, induce BAT thermogenesis in this condition. Our research provides novel insights into NMR thermoregulation.
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12
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Arzate-Mejía RG, Lottenbach Z, Schindler V, Jawaid A, Mansuy IM. Long-Term Impact of Social Isolation and Molecular Underpinnings. Front Genet 2020; 11:589621. [PMID: 33193727 PMCID: PMC7649797 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.589621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged periods of social isolation can have detrimental effects on the physiology and behavior of exposed individuals in humans and animal models. This involves complex molecular mechanisms across tissues in the body which remain partly identified. This review discusses the biology of social isolation and describes the acute and lasting effects of prolonged periods of social isolation with a focus on the molecular events leading to behavioral alterations. We highlight the role of epigenetic mechanisms and non-coding RNA in the control of gene expression as a response to social isolation, and the consequences for behavior. Considering the use of strict quarantine during epidemics, like currently with COVID-19, we provide a cautionary tale on the indiscriminate implementation of such form of social isolation and its potential damaging and lasting effects in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo G Arzate-Mejía
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and Department of Health Science and Technology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ali Jawaid
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and Department of Health Science and Technology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle M Mansuy
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and Department of Health Science and Technology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Borgi M, Collacchi B, Ortona E, Cirulli F. Stress and coping in women with breast cancer:unravelling the mechanisms to improve resilience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:406-421. [PMID: 33086128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer diagnosis, surgery, adjuvant therapies and survivorship can all be extremely stressful. In women, concerns about body image are common as a result of the disease and can affect interpersonal relationships, possibly leading to social isolation, increasing the likelihood for mood disorders. This is particularly relevant as women are at greater risk to develop anxiety and depressive symptoms in response to highly stressful situations. Here we address the mechanisms and the pathways activated as a result of stress and contributing to changes in the pathophysiology of breast cancer, as well as the potential of stress management factors and interventions in buffering the deleterious effects of chronic stress in a gender perspective. An improved understanding of the biological mechanisms linking stress-management resources to health-relevant biological processes in breast cancer patients could reveal novel therapeutic targets and help clarifying which psychosocial interventions can improve cancer outcomes, ultimately offering a unique opportunity to improve contemporary cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Borgi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Collacchi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ortona
- Center for Gender Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Guzik TJ, Mohiddin SA, Dimarco A, Patel V, Savvatis K, Marelli-Berg FM, Madhur MS, Tomaszewski M, Maffia P, D’Acquisto F, Nicklin SA, Marian AJ, Nosalski R, Murray EC, Guzik B, Berry C, Touyz RM, Kreutz R, Wang DW, Bhella D, Sagliocco O, Crea F, Thomson EC, McInnes IB. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1666-1687. [PMID: 32352535 PMCID: PMC7197627 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 881] [Impact Index Per Article: 220.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by SARS-CoV-2, represents the greatest medical challenge in decades. We provide a comprehensive review of the clinical course of COVID-19, its comorbidities, and mechanistic considerations for future therapies. While COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, causing interstitial pneumonitis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it also affects multiple organs, particularly the cardiovascular system. Risk of severe infection and mortality increase with advancing age and male sex. Mortality is increased by comorbidities: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary disease, and cancer. The most common complications include arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and ventricular fibrillation), cardiac injury [elevated highly sensitive troponin I (hs-cTnI) and creatine kinase (CK) levels], fulminant myocarditis, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2, following proteolytic cleavage of its S protein by a serine protease, binds to the transmembrane angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) -a homologue of ACE-to enter type 2 pneumocytes, macrophages, perivascular pericytes, and cardiomyocytes. This may lead to myocardial dysfunction and damage, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction, plaque instability, and myocardial infarction (MI). While ACE2 is essential for viral invasion, there is no evidence that ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) worsen prognosis. Hence, patients should not discontinue their use. Moreover, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors might be beneficial in COVID-19. Initial immune and inflammatory responses induce a severe cytokine storm [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-22, IL-17, etc.] during the rapid progression phase of COVID-19. Early evaluation and continued monitoring of cardiac damage (cTnI and NT-proBNP) and coagulation (D-dimer) after hospitalization may identify patients with cardiac injury and predict COVID-19 complications. Preventive measures (social distancing and social isolation) also increase cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular considerations of therapies currently used, including remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, ribavirin, interferons, and lopinavir/ritonavir, as well as experimental therapies, such as human recombinant ACE2 (rhACE2), are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Saidi A Mohiddin
- Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew’s NHS Trust, London, UK
- William Harvey Institute Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Vimal Patel
- Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew’s NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Meena S Madhur
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali J Marian
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Eleanor C Murray
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Bartlomiej Guzik
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Interventional Cardiology; John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Colin Berry
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Germany
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - David Bhella
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Orlando Sagliocco
- Emergency Department, Intensive Care Unit; ASST Bergamo Est Bolognini Hospital Bergamo, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emma C Thomson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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15
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Holmes L, Chinaka C, Elmi H, Deepika K, Pelaez L, Enwere M, Akinola OT, Dabney KW. Implication of Spiritual Network Support System in Epigenomic Modulation and Health Trajectory. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4123. [PMID: 31717711 PMCID: PMC6862316 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With challenges in understanding the multifactorial etiologies of disease and individual treatment effect heterogeneities over the past four decades, much has been acquired on how physical, chemical and social environments affect human health, predisposing certain subpopulations to adverse health outcomes, especially the socio-environmentally disadvantaged (SED). Current translational data on gene and adverse environment interaction have revealed how adverse gene-environment interaction, termed aberrant epigenomic modulation, translates into impaired gene expression via messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) dysregulation, reflecting abnormal protein synthesis and hence dysfunctional cellular differentiation and maturation. The environmental influence on gene expression observed in most literature includes physical, chemical, physicochemical and recently social environment. However, data are limited on spiritual or religious environment network support systems, which reflect human psychosocial conditions and gene interaction. With this limited information, we aimed to examine the available data on spiritual activities characterized by prayers and meditation for a possible explanation of the nexus between the spiritual network support system (SNSS) as a component of psychosocial conditions, implicated in social signal transduction, and the gene expression correlate. With the intent to incorporate SNSS in human psychosocial conditions, we assessed the available data on bereavement, loss of spouse, loneliness, social isolation, low socio-economic status (SES), chronic stress, low social status, social adversity (SA) and early life stress (ELS), as surrogates for spiritual support network connectome. Adverse human psychosocial conditions have the tendency for impaired gene expression through an up-regulated conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) gene expression via social signal transduction, involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), beta-adrenergic receptors, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the glucocorticoid response. This review specifically explored CTRA gene expression and the nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1) gene, a glucocorticoid receptor gene, in response to stress and the impaired negative feedback, given allostatic overload as a result of prolonged and sustained stress and social isolation as well as the implied social interaction associated with religiosity. While more remains to be investigated on psychosocial and immune cell response and gene expression, current data on human models do implicate appropriate gene expression via the CTRA and NR3C1 gene in the SNSS as observed in meditation, yoga and thai-chi, implicated in malignant neoplasm remission. However, prospective epigenomic studies in this context are required in the disease causal pathway, prognosis and survival, as well as cautious optimism in the application of these findings in clinical and public health settings, due to unmeasured and potential confoundings implicated in these correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Holmes
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
- Biological Sciences Department, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Chinacherem Chinaka
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
- Public Health Department, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
- Community and Environmental Health Department, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Hikma Elmi
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
| | - Kerti Deepika
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
| | - Lavisha Pelaez
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
| | - Michael Enwere
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
- Public Health Department, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN 55401, USA
| | - Olumuyiwa T. Akinola
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
- Public Health Department, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
- Community and Environmental Health Department, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Kirk W. Dabney
- Nemours Children’s Healthcare System, Nemours Office of Health Equity and Inclusion, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (C.C.); (H.E.); (K.D.); (L.P.); (M.E.); (O.T.A.); (K.W.D.)
- Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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16
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Magnetic Resonance Angiography Shows Increased Arterial Blood Supply Associated with Murine Mammary Cancer. Int J Biomed Imaging 2019; 2019:5987425. [PMID: 30792738 PMCID: PMC6354161 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5987425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western women. Tumor neoangiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, may be used as a prognostic marker for cancer progression. Clinical practice uses dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to detect cancers based on increased blood flow and capillary permeability. However, DCE-MRI requires repeated injections of contrast media. Therefore we explored the use of noninvasive time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography for serial studies of mouse mammary glands to measure the number and size of arteries feeding mammary glands with and without cancer. Virgin female C3(1) SV40 TAg mice (n=9), aged 18-20 weeks, were imaged on a 9.4 Tesla small animal scanner. Multislice T2-weighted (T2W) images and TOF-MRI angiograms were acquired over inguinal mouse mammary glands. The data were analyzed to determine tumor burden in each mammary gland and the volume of arteries feeding each mammary gland. After in vivo MRI, inguinal mammary glands were excised and fixed in formalin for histology. TOF angiography detected arteries with a diameter as small as 0.1 mm feeding the mammary glands. A significant correlation (r=0.79; p< 0.0001) was found between tumor volume and the arterial blood volume measured in mammary glands. Mammary arterial blood volumes ranging from 0.08 mm3 to 3.81 mm3 were measured. Tumors and blood vessels found on in vivo T2W and TOF images, respectively, were confirmed with ex vivo histological images. These results demonstrate increased recruitment of arteries to mammary glands with cancer, likely associated with neoangiogenesis. Neoangiogenesis may be detected by TOF angiography without injection of contrast agents. This would be very useful in mouse models where repeat placement of I.V. lines is challenging. In addition, analogous methods could be tested in humans to evaluate the vasculature of suspicious lesions without using contrast agents.
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17
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Bower JE, Shiao SL, Sullivan P, Lamkin DM, Atienza R, Mercado F, Arevalo J, Asher A, Ganz PA, Cole SW. Prometastatic Molecular Profiles in Breast Tumors From Socially Isolated Women. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2018; 2:pky029. [PMID: 30057973 PMCID: PMC6054021 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pky029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social isolation is associated with accelerated breast cancer progression and increased disease recurrence and mortality, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. In preclinical models, beta-adrenergic signaling from fight-or-flight stress responses can stimulate prometastatic processes in the tumor microenvironment including upregulation of M2 macrophages, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and lymphovascular invasion. This study examines whether the same pathways are upregulated in breast tumors from socially isolated cancer patients. Methods EMT and M1/M2 macrophage gene expression programs were analyzed by genome-wide transcriptional profiling, and lymphatic and vascular density were assessed by immunohistochemistry in primary tumors from 56 early-stage breast cancer patients who were part of the UCLA RISE study. Social isolation was quantified by the Social Provisions Scale, and disease characteristics were assessed by medical record review. General linear models were used to quantify differential gene expression across risk factor groups. Linear regression models were used to examine associations between social isolation and lymphovascular invasion. Results Tumors from socially isolated patients showed upregulated expression of genes involved in EMT (average score difference = +0.080 log2 mRNA abundance ± 0.034 standard error) and M2 macrophage polarization (+0.033 ± 0.014) as well as increased density of lymphatic vessels (β= –.29) but no difference in blood vessel density. TELiS promoter–based bioinformatics analyses indicated activation of CREB family transcription factors that mediate the gene-regulatory effects of β-adrenergic signaling (log2 fold-difference in promoter binding site prevalence: mean ± standard error = +0.49 ± 0.19). Conclusions Primary breast tumors from socially isolated patients show multiple prometastatic molecular alterations, providing a plausible biological pathway through which poor social support may accelerate breast cancer progression and defining new targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julienne E Bower
- Department of Psychology.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences.,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephen L Shiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Department of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | - Donald M Lamkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences.,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | - Arash Asher
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- School of Medicine.,School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Steve W Cole
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences.,Department of Medicine.,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
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18
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Johnson MB, Hoffmann JN, You HM, Lastra RR, Fernandez S, Strober JW, Allaw AB, Brady MJ, Conzen SD, McClintock MK. Psychosocial Stress Exposure Disrupts Mammary Gland Development. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2018; 23:59-73. [PMID: 29687293 PMCID: PMC6207373 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-018-9392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to psychosocial stressors and ensuing stress physiology have been associated with spontaneous invasive mammary tumors in the Sprague-Dawley rat model of human breast cancer. Mammary gland (MG) development is a time when physiologic and environmental exposures influence breast cancer risk. However, the effect of psychosocial stress exposure on MG development remains unknown. Here, in the first comprehensive longitudinal study of MG development in nulliparous female rats (from puberty through young adulthood; 8-25 wks of age), we quantify the spatial gradient of differentiation within the MG of socially stressed (isolated) and control (grouped) rats. We then demonstrate that social isolation increased stress reactivity to everyday stressors, resulting in downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in the MG epithelium. Surprisingly, given that chemical carcinogens increase MG cancer risk by preventing normal terminal end bud (TEB) differentiation, chronic isolation stress did not alter TEBs. Instead, isolation blunted MG growth and alveolobular differentiation and reduced epithelial cell proliferation in these structures. Social isolation also enhanced corpora luteal progesterone at all ages but reduced estrogenization only in early adulthood, a pattern that precludes modulated ovarian function as a sufficient mechanism for the effects of isolation on MG development. This longitudinal study of natural variation provides an integrated view of MG development and the importance of increased GR activation in nulliparous ductal growth and alveolobular differentiation. Thus, social isolation and its physiological sequelae disrupt MG growth and differentiation and suggest a contribution of stress exposure during puberty and young adulthood to the previously observed increase in invasive MG cancer observed in chronically socially-isolated adult Sprague-Dawley rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna B Johnson
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Hannah M You
- Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ricardo R Lastra
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sully Fernandez
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jordan W Strober
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ahmad B Allaw
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew J Brady
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Suzanne D Conzen
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha K McClintock
- Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Departments of Psychology and Comparative Human Development, The University of Chicago, 940 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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19
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Mitra S, Sameer Kumar GS, Jyothi Lakshmi B, Thakur S, Kumar S. Absence of Wdr13 Gene Predisposes Mice to Mild Social Isolation - Chronic Stress, Leading to Depression-Like Phenotype Associated With Differential Expression of Synaptic Proteins. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:133. [PMID: 29743870 PMCID: PMC5930177 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We earlier reported that the male mice lacking the Wdr13 gene (Wdr13-/0) showed mild anxiety, better memory retention, and up-regulation of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus. With increasing evidences from parallel studies in our laboratory about the possible role of Wdr13 in stress response, we investigated its role in brain. We observed that Wdr13 transcript gets up-regulated in the hippocampus of the wild-type mice exposed to stress. To further dissect its function, we analyzed the behavioral and molecular phenotypes of Wdr13-/0 mice when subjected to mild chronic psychological stress, namely; mild (attenuated) social isolation. We employed iTRAQ based quantitative proteomics, real time PCR and western blotting to investigate molecular changes. Three weeks of social isolation predisposed Wdr13-/0 mice to anhedonia, heightened anxiety-measured by Open field test (OFT), increased behavior despair- measured by Forced swim test (FST) and reduced dendritic branching along with decreased spine density of hippocampal CA1 neurons as compared to wild-type counterparts. This depression-like-phenotype was however ameliorated when treated with anti-depressant imipramine. Molecular analysis revealed that out of 1002 quantified proteins [1% False discovery rate (FDR), at-least two unique peptides], strikingly, a significant proportion of synaptic proteins including, SYN1, CAMK2A, and RAB3A were down-regulated in the socially isolated Wdr13-/0 mice as compared to its wild-type counterparts. This was in contrast to the elevated levels of these proteins in non-stressed mutants as compared to the controls. We hypothesized that a de-regulated transcription factor upstream of the synaptic genes might be responsible for the observed phenotype. Indeed, in the socially isolated Wdr13-/0 mice, there was an up-regulation of GATA1 – a transcription factor that negatively regulates synaptic genes and has been associated with Major Depression (MD) in humans. The present study demonstrates significant genotype × enviornment interaction for Wdr13 gene as shown by the reversal in the expression levels of several synaptic proteins in the mutant vis-à-vis wild-type mouse when exposed to social isolation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiladitya Mitra
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ghantasala S Sameer Kumar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Biopharma Division, Vimta Labs Ltd., Hyderabad, India
| | - B Jyothi Lakshmi
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suman Thakur
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
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20
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Lutgendorf SK, Thaker PH, Arevalo JM, Goodheart MJ, Slavich GM, Sood AK, Cole SW. Biobehavioral modulation of the exosome transcriptome in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer 2018; 124:580-586. [PMID: 29112229 PMCID: PMC5780197 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social factors in the patient macroenvironment have been shown to influence molecular events in the tumor microenvironment and thereby influence cancer progression. However, biomarkers providing a window into the longitudinal effects of biobehavioral factors on tumor biology over time are lacking. Exosome analysis is a novel strategy for in vivo monitoring of dynamic changes in tumor cells. This study examined exosomal profiles from patients with low or high levels of social support for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) polarization and gene expression related to inflammation and β-adrenergic signaling. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from plasma sampled from a series of 40 women before primary surgical resection of advanced-stage, high-grade ovarian carcinoma. Samples were selected for analysis on the basis of extremes of low and high levels of social support. After exosomal isolation and RNA extraction, a microarray analysis of the transcriptome was performed. RESULTS Primary analyses identified significant upregulation of 67 mesenchymal-characteristic gene transcripts and downregulation of 63 epithelial-characteristic transcripts in patients with low social support; this demonstrated increased EMT polarization (P = .0002). Secondary analyses using promoter sequence bioinformatics supported a priori hypotheses linking low social support to 1) increased activity of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)/activating transcription factor (ATF) family transcription factors that mediate the β-adrenergic response to catecholamines via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling pathway (mean fold change for CREB: 2.24 ± 0.65; P = .0019; mean fold change for ATF: 2.00 ± 0.55; P = .0049) and 2) increased activity of the proinflammatory nuclear factor κB/Rel family of transcription factors (mean fold change: 2.10 ± 0.70; P = .0109). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the possibility of leveraging exosomes as a noninvasive assessment of biobehavioral factors to help to direct personalized treatment approaches. Cancer 2018;124:580-6. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K. Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Premal H. Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jesusa M. Arevalo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael J. Goodheart
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - George M. Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Center for RNA Interference and Noncoding RNA, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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21
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Smith CJ, Minas TZ, Ambs S. Analysis of Tumor Biology to Advance Cancer Health Disparity Research. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 188:304-316. [PMID: 29137948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer mortality rates in the United States continue to decline. Reductions in tobacco use, uptake of preventive measures, adoption of early detection methods, and better treatments have resulted in improved cancer outcomes for men and women. Despite this progress, some population groups continue to experience an excessive cancer burden when compared with other population groups. One of the most prominent cancer health disparities exists in prostate cancer. Prostate cancer mortality rates are highest among men of African ancestry when compared with other men, both in the United States and globally. This disparity and other cancer health disparities are largely explained by differences in access to health care, diet, lifestyle, cultural barriers, and disparate exposures to carcinogens and pathogens. Dietary and lifestyle factors, pathogens, and ancestry-related factors can modify tumor biology and induce a more aggressive disease. There are numerous examples of how environmental exposures, like tobacco, chronic stress, or dietary factors, induce an adverse tumor biology, leading to a more aggressive disease and decreased patient survival. Because of population differences in the exposure to these risk factors, they can be the cause of cancer disparities. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in our understanding of prostate and breast cancer disparities in the United States and discuss how the analysis of tumor biology can advance health disparity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl J Smith
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tsion Z Minas
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center of Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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22
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Mustafi D, Fernandez S, Markiewicz E, Fan X, Zamora M, Mueller J, Brady MJ, Conzen SD, Karczmar GS. MRI reveals increased tumorigenesis following high fat feeding in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 30:10.1002/nbm.3758. [PMID: 28661075 PMCID: PMC5764539 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High animal fat consumption is associated with an increase in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) risk. Based on previous MRI studies demonstrating the feasibility of detecting very early non-palpable mammary cancers in simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40TAg) mice, we examined the effect of dietary fat fed from weaning to young adulthood in this model of TNBC. Virgin female C3(1)SV40TAg mice (n = 16) were weaned at 3-4 weeks of age and then fed either a low fat diet (LFD) (n = 8, 3.7 kcal/g; 17.2% kcal from vegetable oil) or a high animal fat diet (HAFD) (n = 8, 5.3 kcal/g; 60% kcal from lard). After 8 weeks on the diet (12 weeks of age), fast spin echo MR images of inguinal mammary glands were acquired at 9.4 T. Following in vivo MRI, mice were sacrificed and inguinal mammary glands were excised and formalin fixed for ex vivo MRI. 3D volume-rendered MR images were then correlated with mammary gland histology to assess the glandular parenchyma and tumor burden. Using in vivo MRI, an average of 3.88 ± 1.03 tumors were detected per HAFD-fed mouse compared with an average of 1.25 ± 1.16 per LFD-fed mouse (p < 0.007). Additionally, the average tumor volume was significantly higher following HAFD feeding (0.53 ± 0.45 mm3 ) compared with LFD feeding (0.20 ± 0.08 mm3 , p < 0.02). Analysis of ex vivo MR and histology images demonstrated that HAFD mouse mammary glands had denser parenchyma, irregular and enlarged ducts, dilated blood vessels, increased white adipose tissue, and increased tumor invasion. MRI and histological studies of the SV40TAg mice demonstrated that HAFD feeding also resulted in higher cancer incidence and larger mammary tumors. Unlike other imaging methods for assessing environmental effects on mammary cancer growth, MRI allows routine serial measurements and reliable detection of small cancers as well as accurate tumor volume measurements and assessment of the three-dimensional distribution of tumors over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devkumar Mustafi
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Sully Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Erica Markiewicz
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xiaobing Fan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Marta Zamora
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey Mueller
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Matthew J. Brady
- Department of Medicine, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Suzanne D. Conzen
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Gregory S. Karczmar
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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23
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Spera G, Fresco R, Fung H, Dyck JRB, Pituskin E, Paterson I, Mackey JR. Beta blockers and improved progression-free survival in patients with advanced HER2 negative breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of the ROSE/TRIO-012 study. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:1836-1841. [PMID: 28520849 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent retrospective studies suggest that beta-adrenergic blocking drugs (BB) are associated with improved outcomes in patients with a range of cancers. Although limited and discordant data suggest that BB may increase overall survival (OS) in localized breast cancer (BC), there is no information on the effects of BB in women with advanced BC. PATIENTS AND METHODS To explore the association between BB use and BC outcomes, we retrospectively reviewed ROSE/TRIO-012, a double-blinded, multinational phase III trial that randomized 1144 patients with HER2-negative advanced BC to first-line docetaxel in combination with ramucirumab or placebo. We compared progression-free survival (PFS), OS, overall response rate, and clinical benefit rate in patients who received BB to those who did not. RESULTS 153/1144 (13%) patients received BB; 62% prior to enrolment and 38% began after enrolment. Median PFS in BB treated patients was longer than in patients who did not receive them (10.3 versus 8.3 months; HR 0.81; 95% CI 0.66-0.99; P = 0.038). Patients treated with BB only after enrolment had even higher median PFS (15.5 versus 8.3 months, P < 0.001). In the TNBC subset, median PFS was 13.0 months with BB, compared to 5.2 months without BB (HR 0.52; 95% CI 0.34-0.79; P = 0.002). The benefit of BB intake in PFS was independent of treatment-emergent hypertension (P = 0.476) but associated with treatment arm (P = 0.037). The test for interactions between BB and treatment arm was not significant (P = 0.276). No differences were seen in OS, overall response rate, or clinical benefit rate. A validation dataset analysis had consistent but less substantial improved outcomes for women with node positive operable breast cancer receiving BB in the BCIRG-005 trial. CONCLUSIONS In this exploratory analysis, BB intake was associated with significant improvement in PFS, particularly in patients with TNBC and patients not previously exposed to BB. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT00703326.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spera
- Medical Lead Department, Translational Research in Oncology (TRIO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Fresco
- Medical Lead Department, Translational Research in Oncology (TRIO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - H Fung
- Biostatistics, Translational Research in Oncology (TRIO), Edmonton
| | - J R B Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - E Pituskin
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - I Paterson
- Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - J R Mackey
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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24
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Wang J, Shidfar A, Ivancic D, Ranjan M, Liu L, Choi MR, Parimi V, Gursel DB, Sullivan ME, Najor MS, Abukhdeir AM, Scholtens D, Khan SA. Overexpression of lipid metabolism genes and PBX1 in the contralateral breasts of women with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:2484-2497. [PMID: 28263391 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Risk biomarkers for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer have clear value for breast cancer prevention. We previously reported a set of lipid metabolism (LiMe) genes with high expression in the contralateral unaffected breasts (CUBs) of ER-negative cancer cases. We now further examine LiMe gene expression in both tumor and CUB, and investigate the role of Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox-1 (PBX1) as a candidate common transcription factor for LiMe gene expression. mRNA was extracted from laser-capture microdissected epithelium from tumor and CUB of 84 subjects (28 ER-positive cases, 28 ER-negative cases, 28 healthy controls). Gene expression was quantitated by qRT-PCR. Logistic regression models were generated to predict ER status of the contralateral cancer. Protein expression of HMGCS2 and PBX1 was measured using immunohistochemistry. The effect of PBX1 on LiMe gene expression was examined by overexpressing PBX1 in MCF10A cells with or without ER, and by suppressing PBX1 in MDA-MB-453 cells. The expression of DHRS2, HMGCS2, UGT2B7, UGT2B11, ALOX15B, HPGD, UGT2B28 and GLYATL1 was significantly higher in ER-negative versus ER-positive CUBs, and predicted ER status of the tumor in test and validation sets. In contrast, LiMe gene expression was significantly lower in ER-negative than ER-positive tumors. PBX1 overexpression in MCF10A cells up-regulated most LiMe genes, but not in MCF10A cells overexpressing ER. Suppressing PBX1 in MDA-MB-453 cells resulted in decrease of LiMe gene expression. Four binding sites of PBX1 and cofactor were identified in three lipid metabolism genes using ChIP-qPCR. These data suggest a novel role for PBX1 in the regulation of lipid metabolism genes in benign breast, which may contribute to ER-negative tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ali Shidfar
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - David Ivancic
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Manish Ranjan
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Liannian Liu
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Mi-Ran Choi
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Vamsi Parimi
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Demirkan B Gursel
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Megan E Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Matthew S Najor
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Abde M Abukhdeir
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Denise Scholtens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Seema A Khan
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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25
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Roubertoux PL, Baril N, Cau P, Scajola C, Ghata A, Bartoli C, Bourgeois P, Christofaro JD, Tordjman S, Carlier M. Differential Brain, Cognitive and Motor Profiles Associated with Partial Trisomy. Modeling Down Syndrome in Mice. Behav Genet 2017; 47:305-322. [PMID: 28204906 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-017-9835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesize that the trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is the additive and interactive outcome of the triple copy of different regions of HSA21. Because of the small number of patients with partial trisomy 21, we addressed the question in the Mouse in which three chromosomal regions located on MMU10, MMU17 and MMU16 carries almost all the HSA21 homologs. Male mice from four segmental trisomic strains covering the D21S17-ETS2 (syntenic to MMU16) were examined with an exhaustive battery of cognitive tests, motor tasks and MRI and compared with TS65Dn that encompasses D21S17-ETS2. None of the four strains gather all the impairments (measured by the effect size) of TS65Dn strain. The 152F7 strain was close to TS65Dn for motor behavior and reference memory and the three other strains 230E8, 141G6 and 285E6 for working memory. Episodic memory was impaired only in strain 285E6. The hippocampus and cerebellum reduced sizes that were seen in all the strains indicate that trisomy 21 is not only a hippocampus syndrome but that it results from abnormal interactions between the two structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre L Roubertoux
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, UMR_S 910, GMGF, TIMONE - 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
| | - Nathalie Baril
- Department 3C, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Cau
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, UMR_S 910, GMGF, TIMONE - 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.,Department of Medical Genetics, AP-HM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,Service de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital La Timone, 13385, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Christophe Scajola
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, UMR_S 910, GMGF, TIMONE - 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Adeline Ghata
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, UMR_S 910, GMGF, TIMONE - 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Bartoli
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, UMR_S 910, GMGF, TIMONE - 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Bourgeois
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, UMR_S 910, GMGF, TIMONE - 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.,Department of Medical Genetics, AP-HM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - Sylvie Tordjman
- Paris Descartes University, CNRS, LPP, Paris, France.,Rennes 1 University, PHUPEA, Rennes, France
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26
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Gilabert-Juan J, Bueno-Fernandez C, Castillo-Gomez E, Nacher J. Reduced interneuronal dendritic arborization in CA1 but not in CA3 region of mice subjected to chronic mild stress. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00534. [PMID: 28239515 PMCID: PMC5318357 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic stress induces dendritic atrophy and decreases spine density in excitatory hippocampal neurons, although there is also ample evidence indicating that the GABAergic system is altered in the hippocampus after this aversive experience. Chronic stress causes dendritic remodeling both in excitatory neurons and interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. METHODS In order to know whether it also has an impact on the structure and neurotransmission of hippocampal interneurons, we have analyzed the dendritic arborization, spine density, and the expression of markers of inhibitory synapses and plasticity in the hippocampus of mice submitted to 21 days of mild restrain stress. The analyses were performed in GIN mice, a strain that displays EGFP-labeled interneurons. RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in the dendritic arborization of interneurons in the CA1 region, which did not occur in those in CA3. We found neither changes in dendritic spine density in these regions nor alterations in the number of EGFP-positive interneurons. Nevertheless, the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 was reduced in different layers of CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. No significant changes were found in the expression of the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) or synaptophysin. CONCLUSIONS Chronic stress reduces the interneuronal dendritic arborization in CA1 region of the hippocampus but not in CA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gilabert-Juan
- Neurobiology Unit Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED) Universitat de València Burjassot Spain; Genetics Department Universitat de València Burjassot Spain; CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health Burjassot Spain; Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia INCLIVA Burjassot Spain
| | - Clara Bueno-Fernandez
- Neurobiology Unit Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED) Universitat de València Burjassot Spain
| | - Esther Castillo-Gomez
- Neurobiology Unit Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED) Universitat de València Burjassot Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Neurobiology Unit Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED) Universitat de València Burjassot Spain; CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health Burjassot Spain; Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia INCLIVA Burjassot Spain
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27
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Sumis A, Cook KL, Andrade FO, Hu R, Kidney E, Zhang X, Kim D, Carney E, Nguyen N, Yu W, Bouker KB, Cruz I, Clarke R, Hilakivi-Clarke L. Social isolation induces autophagy in the mouse mammary gland: link to increased mammary cancer risk. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:839-56. [PMID: 27550962 PMCID: PMC5894876 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation is a strong predictor of early all-cause mortality and consistently increases breast cancer risk in both women and animal models. Because social isolation increases body weight, we compared its effects to those caused by a consumption of obesity-inducing diet (OID) in C57BL/6 mice. Social isolation and OID impaired insulin and glucose sensitivity. In socially isolated, OID-fed mice (I-OID), insulin resistance was linked to reduced Pparg expression and increased neuropeptide Y levels, but in group-housed OID fed mice (G-OID), it was linked to increased leptin and reduced adiponectin levels, indicating that the pathways leading to insulin resistance are different. Carcinogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis was significantly higher in I-OID mice than in the other groups, but cancer risk was also increased in socially isolated, control diet-fed mice (I-C) and G-OID mice compared with that in controls. Unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling (GRP78; IRE1) was upregulated in the mammary glands of OID-fed mice, but not in control diet-fed, socially isolated I-C mice. In contrast, expression of BECLIN1, ATG7 and LC3II were increased, and p62 was downregulated by social isolation, indicating increased autophagy. In the mammary glands of socially isolated mice, but not in G-OID mice, mRNA expressions of p53 and the p53-regulated autophagy inducer Dram1 were upregulated, and nuclear p53 staining was strong. Our findings further indicated that autophagy and tumorigenesis were not increased in Atg7(+/-) mice kept in social isolation and fed OID. Thus, social isolation may increase breast cancer risk by inducing autophagy, independent of changes in body weight.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autophagy/genetics
- Autophagy/physiology
- Autophagy-Related Protein 7/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Diet
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP
- Female
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/psychology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Mice, Obese
- Mice, Transgenic
- Obesity/complications
- Obesity/pathology
- Risk Factors
- Social Isolation
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/genetics
- Stress, Psychological/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Sumis
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Katherine L Cook
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA Department of SurgeryWake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fabia O Andrade
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Emma Kidney
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Dominic Kim
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Elissa Carney
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nguyen Nguyen
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kerrie B Bouker
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Idalia Cruz
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Robert Clarke
- Department of OncologyGeorgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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28
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Hinzey A, Gaudier-Diaz MM, Lustberg MB, DeVries AC. Breast cancer and social environment: getting by with a little help from our friends. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:54. [PMID: 27225892 PMCID: PMC4881170 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social environment is a well-recognized determinant in health and wellbeing. Among breast cancer patients, inadequate social support is associated with a substantial increase in cancer-related mortality. A common explanation is that socially isolated individuals fare worse due to reduced instrumental support (i.e., assistance meeting the demands of treatment). However, the ability to replicate the detrimental effects of social isolation on mammary tumor growth in rodents strongly suggests an alternative explanation; i.e., socially isolated individuals have a physiological milieu that promotes tumor growth. This review summarizes the clinical and basic science literature supporting social influences on breast cancer, and provides a conceptual physiological framework for these effects. We propose that social environment contributes to the vast individual differences in prognosis among breast cancer survivors because social environment is capable of altering basic physiological processes, which in turn can modulate tumor growth. Appreciation of the role of social environment in breast cancer progression could promote the identification of patients at increased risk for poor outcomes. In addition, characterization of the underlying physiological mechanisms could lead to targeted disruption of detrimental pathways that promote tumor progression in socially isolated individuals, or exploitation of protective pathways activated through social engagement as novel therapeutic complements to contemporary treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hinzey
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Monica M Gaudier-Diaz
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,The Stephanie Spielman Breast Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,614 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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29
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Szpunar MJ, Belcher EK, Dawes RP, Madden KS. Sympathetic innervation, norepinephrine content, and norepinephrine turnover in orthotopic and spontaneous models of breast cancer. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 53:223-233. [PMID: 26718447 PMCID: PMC4783183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) drives breast cancer progression in preclinical breast cancer models, but it has yet to be established if neoplastic and stromal cells residing in the tumor are directly targeted by locally released norepinephrine (NE). In murine orthotopic and spontaneous mammary tumors, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)+ sympathetic nerves were limited to the periphery of the tumor. No TH+ staining was detected deeper within these tumors, even in regions with a high density of blood vessels. NE concentration was much lower in tumors compared to the more densely innervated spleen, reflecting the relative paucity of tumor TH+ innervation. Tumor and spleen NE concentration decreased with increased tissue mass. In mice treated with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to selectively destroy sympathetic nerves, tumor NE concentration was reduced approximately 50%, suggesting that the majority of tumor NE is derived from local sympathetic nerves. To evaluate NE utilization, NE turnover in orthotopic 4T1 mammary tumors was compared to spleen under baseline and stress conditions. In non-stressed mice, NE turnover was equivalent between tumor and spleen. In mice exposed to a stressor, tumor NE turnover was increased compared to spleen NE turnover, and compared to non-stressed tumor NE turnover. Together, these results demonstrate that NE in mammary tumors is derived from local sympathetic nerves that synthesize and metabolize NE. However, differences between spleen and tumor NE turnover with stressor exposure suggest that sympathetic NE release is regulated differently within the tumor microenvironment compared to the spleen. Local mammary tumor sympathetic innervation, despite its limited distribution, is responsive to stressor exposure and therefore can contribute to stress-induced tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes J. Szpunar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Belcher
- Translational Biomedical Science Program, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Ryan P. Dawes
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Kelley S. Madden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA,Corresponding author: Kelley S. Madden, Ph.D., University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Goergen Hall; RC Box 270168, Rochester, NY 14627, , Telephone: 585-273-5724, Fax: 585-276-2254
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30
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Volden PA, Skor MN, Johnson MB, Singh P, Patel FN, McClintock MK, Brady MJ, Conzen SD. Mammary Adipose Tissue-Derived Lysophospholipids Promote Estrogen Receptor-Negative Mammary Epithelial Cell Proliferation. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:367-78. [PMID: 26862086 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), acting in an autocrine or paracrine fashion through G protein-coupled receptors, has been implicated in many physiologic and pathologic processes, including cancer. LPA is converted from lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) by the secreted phospholipase autotaxin (ATX). Although various cell types can produce ATX, adipocyte-derived ATX is believed to be the major source of circulating ATX and also to be the major regulator of plasma LPA levels. In addition to ATX, adipocytes secrete numerous other factors (adipokines); although several adipokines have been implicated in breast cancer biology, the contribution of mammary adipose tissue-derived LPC/ATX/LPA (LPA axis) signaling to breast cancer is poorly understood. Using murine mammary fat-conditioned medium, we investigated the contribution of LPA signaling to mammary epithelial cancer cell biology and identified LPA signaling as a significant contributor to the oncogenic effects of the mammary adipose tissue secretome. To interrogate the role of mammary fat in the LPA axis during breast cancer progression, we exposed mammary adipose tissue to secreted factors from estrogen receptor-negative mammary epithelial cell lines and monitored changes in the mammary fat pad LPA axis. Our data indicate that bidirectional interactions between mammary cancer cells and mammary adipocytes alter the local LPA axis and increase ATX expression in the mammary fat pad during breast cancer progression. Thus, the LPC/ATX/LPA axis may be a useful target for prevention in patients at risk of ER-negative breast cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 9(5); 367-78. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Volden
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maxwell N Skor
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Martha K McClintock
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew J Brady
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Suzanne D Conzen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Ben May Department of Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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31
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King KE, Kane JB, Scarbrough P, Hoyo C, Murphy SK. Neighborhood and Family Environment of Expectant Mothers May Influence Prenatal Programming of Adult Cancer Risk: Discussion and an Illustrative DNA Methylation Example. BIODEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY 2016; 62:87-104. [PMID: 27050035 PMCID: PMC4851425 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2015.1126501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Childhood stressors including physical abuse predict adult cancer risk. Prior research portrays this finding as an indirect mechanism that operates through coping behaviors, including adult smoking, or through increased toxic exposures during childhood. Little is known about potential direct causal mechanisms between early-life stressors and adult cancer. Because prenatal conditions can affect gene expression by altering DNA methylation, with implications for adult health, we hypothesize that maternal stress may program methylation of cancer-linked genes during gametogenesis. To illustrate this hypothesis, we related maternal social resources to methylation at the imprinted MEG3 differentially methylated regulatory region, which has been linked to multiple cancer types. Mothers (n = 489) from a diverse birth cohort (Durham, North Carolina) provided newborns' cord blood and completed a questionnaire. Newborns of currently married mothers showed lower (-0.321 SD, p < .05) methylation compared to newborns of never-married mothers, who did not differ from newborns whose mothers were cohabiting and others (adjusted for demographics). MEG3 DNA methylation levels were also lower when maternal grandmothers co-resided before pregnancy (-0.314 SD, p < .05). A 1-SD increase in prenatal neighborhood disadvantage also predicted higher methylation (-0.137 SD, p < .05). In conclusion, we found that maternal social resources may result in differential methylation of MEG3, which demonstrates a potential partial mechanism priming socially disadvantaged newborns for later risk of some cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E King
- a Community and Family Medicine , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina , USA
| | - Jennifer B Kane
- b Carolina Population Center , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Peter Scarbrough
- c Duke Cancer Institute , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina , USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- d Department of Biological Sciences , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina , USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- c Duke Cancer Institute , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina , USA
- e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , North Carolina , USA
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32
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Breitenstein MK, Pathak J, Simon G. Studying the Confounding Effects of Socio-Ecological Conditions in Retrospective Clinical Research: A Use Case of Social Stress. AMIA JOINT SUMMITS ON TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS. AMIA JOINT SUMMITS ON TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 2015:41-5. [PMID: 26306230 PMCID: PMC4525238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Socio-ecological Conditions (SECs) are important to include in clinical research models as they have been known to impact the health of patients. However, current clinical research models account for these factors only in an unsatisfyingly rudimentary way. In this study, we developed an SEC Index that captured the latent and direct effects of social stress, one of the many kinds of SEC, on patients' general health as measured by the Charlson Comorbidity Index. We demonstrated that the above SEC Index had a significant effect in a clinical model, a patient-level model with the specific clinical outcome of breast cancer prevalence. Further, we demonstrated that including the SEC Index of social stress into the clinical models significantly increased their performance. Our study demonstrated a viable approach that is interchangeable to include any SEC of interest, to more appropriately account for SECs in clinical research models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K. Breitenstein
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Biostatistics & Informatics, Rochester, MN,University of Minnesota, Institute for Health Informatics, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Gyorgy Simon
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Biostatistics & Informatics, Rochester, MN,University of Minnesota, Institute for Health Informatics, Minneapolis, MN
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Metabolic Effects of Social Isolation in Adult C57BL/6 Mice. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:690950. [PMID: 27433503 PMCID: PMC4897244 DOI: 10.1155/2014/690950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic dysfunction are risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and certain forms of cancers. Both animal studies and human population-based and clinical studies have suggested that chronic stress is a risk factor for metabolic disorders. A good social support system is known to exert positive effects on the mental and physical well-being of an individual. On the other hand, long-term deprivation of social contacts may represent a stressful condition that has negative effects on health. In the present study, we investigated the effects of chronic social isolation on metabolic parameters in adult C57BL/6 mice. We found that individually housed mice had increased adipose mass compared to group-housed mice, despite comparable body weight. The mechanism for the expansion of white adipose tissue mass was depot-specific. Notably, food intake was reduced in the social isolated animals, which occurred around the light-dark phase transition periods. Similarly, reductions in heat generated and the respiratory exchange ratio were observed during the light-dark transitions. These phase-specific changes due to long-term social isolation have not been reported previously. Our study shows social isolation contributes to increased adiposity and altered metabolic functions.
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34
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Aktipis CA, Ellis BJ, Nishimura KK, Hiatt RA. Modern reproductive patterns associated with estrogen receptor positive but not negative breast cancer susceptibility. EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 2015:52-74. [PMID: 25389105 PMCID: PMC4362290 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eou028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has long been accepted that modern reproductive patterns are likely contributors to breast cancer susceptibility because of their influence on hormones such as estrogen and the importance of these hormones in breast cancer. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess whether this ‘evolutionary mismatch hypothesis’ can explain susceptibility to both estrogen receptor positive (ER-positive) and estrogen receptor negative (ER-negative) cancer. Our meta-analysis includes a total of 33 studies and examines parity, age of first birth and age of menarche broken down by estrogen receptor status. We found that modern reproductive patterns are more closely linked to ER-positive than ER-negative breast cancer. Thus, the evolutionary mismatch hypothesis for breast cancer can account for ER-positive breast cancer susceptibility but not ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Athena Aktipis
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street S-341, Box 0128, San Francisco, CA 94143-0128, USA; Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Arizona, 650 N Park Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, Box 0560, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street S-341, Box 0128, San Francisco, CA 94143-0128, USA; Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Arizona, 650 N Park Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, Box 0560, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bruce J Ellis
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street S-341, Box 0128, San Francisco, CA 94143-0128, USA; Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Arizona, 650 N Park Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, Box 0560, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Katherine K Nishimura
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street S-341, Box 0128, San Francisco, CA 94143-0128, USA; Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Arizona, 650 N Park Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, Box 0560, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Robert A Hiatt
- Center for Evolution and Cancer, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street S-341, Box 0128, San Francisco, CA 94143-0128, USA; Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA; Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Arizona, 650 N Park Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, Box 0560, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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35
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Abstract
A growing literature in human social genomics has begun to analyze how everyday life circumstances influence human gene expression. Social-environmental conditions such as urbanity, low socioeconomic status, social isolation, social threat, and low or unstable social status have been found to associate with differential expression of hundreds of gene transcripts in leukocytes and diseased tissues such as metastatic cancers. In leukocytes, diverse types of social adversity evoke a common conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) characterized by increased expression of proinflammatory genes and decreased expression of genes involved in innate antiviral responses and antibody synthesis. Mechanistic analyses have mapped the neural "social signal transduction" pathways that stimulate CTRA gene expression in response to social threat and may contribute to social gradients in health. Research has also begun to analyze the functional genomics of optimal health and thriving. Two emerging opportunities now stand to revolutionize our understanding of the everyday life of the human genome: network genomics analyses examining how systems-level capabilities emerge from groups of individual socially sensitive genomes and near-real-time transcriptional biofeedback to empirically optimize individual well-being in the context of the unique genetic, geographic, historical, developmental, and social contexts that jointly shape the transcriptional realization of our innate human genomic potential for thriving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W. Cole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Norman Cousins Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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36
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Lippman SM. Letter from the Editor. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:179-81. [PMID: 24464731 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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