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Liang L, Cai T, Li X, An J, Yu S, Zhang Y, Guo F, Wei F, He J, Xie K, Jiang T. Down-regulation of microRNA-23a promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma initiation and progression by up-regulation of FOXM1 expression. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101203. [PMID: 39022126 PMCID: PMC11252794 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional factor Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) plays an important role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) development and progression. The molecular mechanisms underlying its dysregulation remain unclear. We identified and functionally validated the microRNAs (miRNAs) that critically regulate FOXM1 expression in PDAC. The expression levels of miRNA-23a (miR-23a-3p and -5p) were altered in PDAC cell lines and their effects on FOXM1 signaling and cell proliferation and migration and tumorigenesis were examined in vitro and in vivo using mouse PDAC models. Compared with non-tumor pancreatic tissues, PDAC tissues and cell lines exhibited significantly reduced levels of miR-23a expression. Reduced miR-23a expression and concomitant increase in FOXM1 expression were also observed in acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, the major premalignant lesions of PDAC. Transgenic expression of miR-23a reduced the expression of FOXM1 and suppressed cell proliferation and migration in PDAC cells, whereas the inhibitors of miR-23a did the opposite. Loss or reduced levels of miR-23a increased the levels of FOXM1 expression, while increased expression of FOXM1 down-regulated miR-23a expression, suggesting that miR-23a and FOXM1 were mutual negative regulators of their expression in PDAC cells. Therefore, the miR-23a/FOXM1 signaling axis is important in PDAC initiation and progression and could serve as an interventional or therapeutic target for patients with early or late stages of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Liang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Tian Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital and Nanhai People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Xiaojia Li
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jianhong An
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sen Yu
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fengjie Guo
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fang Wei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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Xu J, Cui X, Wang L, Chen G, Ji S, Zhao S, Wang H, Luo Z, Zeng A, Fu Q. DNA-functionalized MOF fluorescent probes for the enzyme-free and pretreatment-free detection of MicroRNA in serum. Talanta 2024; 275:126083. [PMID: 38636442 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a promising biomarker that plays an important role in various biomedical applications, especially in cancer diagnosis. However, the current miRNA detection technology has inherent limitations such as complex operation, expensive testing cost and excessive detection time. In this study, a dual signal amplification biosensor based on DNA-functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) fluorescent probes, MFPBiosensor, was established for the enzyme-free and pretreatment-free detection of the colon cancer (CC) marker miR-23a. DNA-functionalized MOFs NH2-MIL-53(Al) (DNA@MOFs) were synthesized as fluorescent probes with specific recognition functions. A single DNA@MOF carries a large number of fluorescent ligands 2-aminoterephthalic acid (NH2-H2BDC), which can generate strong fluorescence signals after alkaline hydrolysis. Combined with catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA), an efficient isothermal amplification technique, the dual signal enhancement strategy reduced matrix interference and sensitized the signal response. The established MFPBiosensor successfully detected extremely low levels of miRNA in complex biological samples with acceptable sensitivity and specificity. With a single detection cost of $0.583 and a test time of 50 min, the excellent inexpensive and rapid advantage of the MFPBiosensor is highlighted. More importantly, the subtle design enables the MFPBiosensor to achieve convenient batch detection, where miRNA in serum can be directly detected without any pretreatment process or enzyme. In conclusion, MFPBiosensor is a promising biosensor with substantial potential for commercial miRNA detection and clinical diagnostic applications of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xia Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, China
| | - Guoning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shuhua Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shiwei Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Zhimin Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Aiguo Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China.
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Qi Y, Rezaeian AH, Wang J, Huang D, Chen H, Inuzuka H, Wei W. Molecular insights and clinical implications for the tumor suppressor role of SCF FBXW7 E3 ubiquitin ligase. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189140. [PMID: 38909632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
FBXW7 is one of the most well-characterized F-box proteins, serving as substrate receptor subunit of SKP1-CUL1-F-box (SCF) E3 ligase complexes. SCFFBXW7 is responsible for the degradation of various oncogenic proteins such as cyclin E, c-MYC, c-JUN, NOTCH, and MCL1. Therefore, FBXW7 functions largely as a major tumor suppressor. In keeping with this notion, FBXW7 gene mutations or downregulations have been found and reported in many types of malignant tumors, such as endometrial, colorectal, lung, and breast cancers, which facilitate the proliferation, invasion, migration, and drug resistance of cancer cells. Therefore, it is critical to review newly identified FBXW7 regulation and tumor suppressor function under physiological and pathological conditions to develop effective strategies for the treatment of FBXW7-altered cancers. Since a growing body of evidence has revealed the tumor-suppressive activity and role of FBXW7, here, we updated FBXW7 upstream and downstream signaling including FBXW7 ubiquitin substrates, the multi-level FBXW7 regulatory mechanisms, and dysregulation of FBXW7 in cancer, and discussed promising cancer therapies targeting FBXW7 regulators and downstream effectors, to provide a comprehensive picture of FBXW7 and facilitate the study in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Qi
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Abdol-Hossein Rezaeian
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jingchao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daoyuan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Tai MC, Bantis LE, Parhy G, Kato T, Tanaka I, Chow CW, Fujimoto J, Behrens C, Hase T, Kawaguchi K, Fahrmann JF, Ostrin EJ, Yokoi K, Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Hasegawa Y, Hanash SM, Wistuba II, Taguchi A. Circulating microRNA Panel for Prediction of Recurrence and Survival in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2331. [PMID: 38397007 PMCID: PMC10888571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients remain at substantial risk for recurrence and disease-related death, highlighting the unmet need of biomarkers for the assessment and identification of those in an early stage who would likely benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. To identify circulating miRNAs useful for predicting recurrence in early-stage LUAD, we performed miRNA microarray analysis with pools of pretreatment plasma samples from patients with stage I LUAD who developed recurrence or remained recurrence-free during the follow-up period. Subsequent validation in 85 patients with stage I LUAD resulted in the development of a circulating miRNA panel comprising miR-23a-3p, miR-320c, and miR-125b-5p and yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.776 in predicting recurrence. Furthermore, the three-miRNA panel yielded an AUC of 0.804, with a sensitivity of 45.8% at 95% specificity in the independent test set of 57 stage I and II LUAD patients. The miRNA panel score was a significant and independent factor for predicting disease-free survival (p < 0.001, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51-4.22) and overall survival (p = 0.001, HR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.17-1.94). This circulating miRNA panel is a useful noninvasive tool to stratify early-stage LUAD patients and determine an appropriate treatment plan with maximal efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chee Tai
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Leonidas E. Bantis
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Gargy Parhy
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Taketo Kato
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.K.); (T.F.C.-Y.)
| | - Ichidai Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan (T.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Chi-Wan Chow
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tetsunari Hase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan (T.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.K.); (T.F.C.-Y.)
| | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (S.M.H.)
| | - Edwin J. Ostrin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kohei Yokoi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.K.); (T.F.C.-Y.)
| | - Toyofumi F. Chen-Yoshikawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (K.K.); (T.F.C.-Y.)
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan (T.H.); (Y.H.)
- National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (S.M.H.)
| | - Ignacio I. Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (G.P.); (T.K.)
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
- Division of Advanced Cancer Diagnostics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
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Zhang J, Li C, Sun L, Sun D, Zhao T. P53‑microRNA interactions regulate the response of colorectal tumor cells to oxaliplatin under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Oncol Rep 2023; 50:219. [PMID: 37921068 PMCID: PMC10636723 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA)‑containing regimens are used as first‑line chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, OXA resistance remains a major challenge in CRC treatment. CRC cells that adapt to hypoxia can potentially develop OXA resistance, and the underlying molecular mechanisms still need to be further investigated. In the current study, the OXA drug sensitivity of two CRC cell lines, HCT116 (TP53WT) and HT29 (TP53MT), was compared under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. It was found that under normoxic condition, HCT116 cells showed significantly higher OXA sensitivity than HT29 cells. However, both cell lines showed remarkable OXA resistance under hypoxic conditions. It was also revealed that P53 levels were increased after OXA and hypoxia treatment in HCT116 cells but not in HT29 cells. Notably, knocking down P53WT decreased normoxic but increased hypoxic OXA sensitivity in HCT116 cells, which did not exist in HT29 cells. Molecular analysis indicated that P53WT activated microRNA (miR)‑26a and miR‑34a in OXA treatment and activated miR‑23a in hypoxia treatment. Cell proliferation experiments indicated that a high level of miR‑23a decreased OXA sensitivity and that a high level of miR‑26a or miR‑34a increased OXA sensitivity in HCT116 cells. Additionally, it was demonstrated that miR‑26a, miR‑34a and miR‑23a affect cell apoptosis through regulation of MCL‑1, EZH2, BCL‑2, SMAD 4 and STAT3. Taken together, the present findings revealed the dual function of P53 in regulating cellular chemo‑sensitivity and highlighted the role of P53‑miR interactions in the response of CRC cells to OXA chemotherapy under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Luanbiao Sun
- Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Denghua Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Tiancheng Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Belliveau J, Papoutsakis ET. The microRNomes of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and their extracellular vesicles, and how they respond to osmotic and ammonia stress. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2700-2716. [PMID: 36788116 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A new area of focus in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) biotechnology is the role of small (exosomes) and large (microvesicles or microparticles) extracellular vesicles (EVs). CHO cells in culture exchange large quantities of proteins and RNA through these EVs, yet the content and role of these EVs remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRs or miRNA) are central to adaptive responses to stress and more broadly to changes in culture conditions. Given that EVs are highly enriched in miRs, and that EVs release large quantities of miRs both in vivo and in vitro, EVs and their miR content likely play an important role in adaptive responses. Here we report the miRNA landscape of CHO cells and their EVs under normal culture conditions and under ammonia and osmotic stress. We show that both cells and EVs are highly enriched in five miRs (among over 600 miRs) that make up about half of their total miR content, and that these highly enriched miRs differ significantly between normal and stress culture conditions. Notable is the high enrichment in miR-92a and miR-23a under normal culture conditions, in contrast to the high enrichment in let-7 family miRs (let-7c, let-7b, and let-7a) under both stress conditions. The latter suggests a preserved stress-responsive function of the let-7 miR family, one of the most highly preserved miR families across species, where among other functions, let-7 miRs regulate core oncogenes, which, depending on the biological context, may tip the balance between cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. While the expected-based on their profound enrichment-important role of these highly enriched miRs remains to be dissected, our data and analysis constitute an important resource for exploring the role of miRs in cell adaptation as well as for synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Belliveau
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Eleftherios T Papoutsakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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7
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Fosso E, Leo M, Muccillo L, Mandrone VM, Di Meo MC, Molinario A, Varricchio E, Sabatino L. Quercetin's Dual Mode of Action to Counteract the Sp1-miR-27a Axis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1547. [PMID: 37627542 PMCID: PMC10451631 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (Qc) inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated; however, interplay with some miRNAs has been reported, specifically with miR-27a, an onco-miRNA overexpressed in several malignancies. Here, we show that Qc reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis in HCT116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells, by upregulating negative modulators of proliferation pathways such as Sprouty2, PTEN and SFRP1. These are targets of miR-27a whose high expression is reduced by Qc. Moreover, miR-23a, and miR-24-2, the two other components of the unique gene cluster, and the pri-miRNA transcript are reduced, evoking a transcriptional regulation of the entire cluster by Sp1. Mechanistically, we show that Qc is rapidly internalized and localizes in the nucleus, where it likely interacts with Sp1, inducing its proteasomal degradation. Sp1 is further repressed by ZBTB10, an Sp1 competitor for DNA binding that is an miR-27a target and whose levels increase following Qc. SP1 mRNA is also reduced, supporting the regulation of its own gene transcription. Finally, Sp1 knockdown elicits the impaired transcription of the entire cluster and the upregulation of the miR-27a targets, phenocopying the effects of Qc. Through this dual mode of action, Qc counteracts the protumoral Sp1-miR-27a axis, opening the way for novel therapies based on its association as neoadjuvant with known anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (E.F.); (M.L.); (L.M.); (V.M.M.); (M.C.D.M.); (A.M.); (E.V.)
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Bartolomé RA, Casal JI. Proteomic profiling and network biology of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2023; 20:357-370. [PMID: 37874121 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2023.2275681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue-based proteomic studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis have delivered fragmented results, with very few therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers moving beyond the discovery phase. This situation is likely due to the difficulties in obtaining and analyzing large numbers of patient-derived metastatic samples, the own heterogeneity of CRC, and technical limitations in proteomics discovery. As an alternative, metastatic CRC cell lines provide a flexible framework to investigate the underlying mechanisms and network biology of metastasis for target discovery. AREAS COVERED In this perspective, we comment on different in-depth proteomic studies of metastatic versus non-metastatic CRC cell lines. Identified metastasis-related proteins are introduced and discussed according to the spatial location in different cellular fractions, with special emphasis on membrane/adhesion proteins, secreted proteins, and nuclear factors, including miRNAs associated with liver metastasis. Moreover, we analyze the biological significance and potential therapeutic applications of the identified liver metastasis-related proteins. EXPERT OPINION The combination of protein discovery and functional analysis is the only way to accelerate the progress to clinical translation of the proteomic-derived findings in a relatively fast pace. Patient-derived organoids represent a promising alternative to patient tissues and cell lines, but further optimizations are still required for achieving solid and reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén A Bartolomé
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ignacio Casal
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, Spain
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Cheng J, Zhang K, Qu C, Peng J, Yang L. Non-Coding RNAs Derived from Extracellular Vesicles Promote Pre-Metastatic Niche Formation and Tumor Distant Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072158. [PMID: 37046819 PMCID: PMC10093357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a critical stage of tumor progression, a crucial challenge of clinical therapy, and a major cause of tumor patient death. Numerous studies have confirmed that distant tumor metastasis is dependent on the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN). Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in PMN formation. The non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) derived from EVs mediate PMN formation and tumor-distant metastasis by promoting an inflammatory environment, inhibiting anti-tumor immune response, inducing angiogenesis and permeability, and by microenvironmental reprogramming. Given the stability and high abundance of ncRNAs carried by EVs in body fluids, they have great potential for application in tumor diagnosis as well as targeted interventions. This review focuses on the mechanism of ncRNAs derived from EVs promoting tumor PMN formation and distant metastasis to provide a theoretical reference for strategies to control tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Chunhui Qu
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jinwu Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde 415000, China
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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LINC00491 Facilitates Tumor Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma via Wnt/β-Catenin-Signaling Pathway by Regulating MTSS1 Ubiquitination. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233737. [PMID: 36496997 PMCID: PMC9738320 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and progression through different regulatory mechanisms. It has been reported that aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNA LINC00491 promotes malignancy in multiple tumors, while the role of LINC00491 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is little reported and the mechanism for regulating tumor progression has not been elucidated. Methods: RNA sequencing and the TCGA database were combined to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs that facilitate tumor progression. The expression level of LINC00491 was examined in LUAD clinical samples and in cell lines using RT-qPCR. In vitro experiments including colony formation assay, EdU assay, cell migration and invasion assay and wound healing assay, and in vivo experiments including xenografting subcutaneous tumors and lung metastasis models were performed to investigate the function of LINC00491 in LUAD tumor progressions. RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, RIP assays and truncation experiments were carried out to explore the proteins binding to LINC00491 and the specific interactions between the RNA-protein complex. Results: Our results showed that LINC0491 was significantly upregulated in LUAD and positively correlated with poor survival. High LINC00491 expression promoted proliferation, migration and invasion, and resulted in a high metastatic burden in LUAD. Using pull-down assay and mass spectrometry, MTSS1 was found binding to LINC00491, and the conducted experiments verified the direct interaction between LINC00491 and MTSS1. Meanwhile, LINC00491 was found to regulate MTSS1 degradation by promoting the MTSS1 ubiquitination level and then activating the Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway. LINC00491/MTSS1/β-catenin may act as a complex to facilitate tumor progression. Conclusions: In summary, our results found a novel mechanism in which LINC00491 directly interacts with MTSS1 by affecting its ubiquitination modification to promote LUAD proliferation, migration and invasion, then activating the Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway, demonstrating its significant role in tumor progression and suggesting that the LINC00491/MTSS1/Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway could serve as a potential therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma in the future.
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HypoxaMIRs: Key Regulators of Hallmarks of Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121895. [PMID: 35741024 PMCID: PMC9221210 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia in cancer is a thoroughly studied phenomenon, and the logical cause of the reduction in oxygen tension is tumor growth itself. While sustained hypoxia leads to death by necrosis in cells, there is an exquisitely regulated mechanism that rescues hypoxic cells from their fatal fate. The accumulation in the cytoplasm of the transcription factor HIF-1α, which, under normoxic conditions, is marked for degradation by a group of oxygen-sensing proteins known as prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) in association with the von Hippel-Lindau anti-oncogene (VHL) is critical for the cell, as it regulates different mechanisms through the genes it induces. A group of microRNAs whose expression is regulated by HIF, collectively called hypoxaMIRs, have been recognized. In this review, we deal with the hypoxaMIRs that have been shown to be expressed in colorectal cancer. Subsequently, using data mining, we analyze a panel of hypoxaMIRs expressed in both normal and tumor tissues obtained from TCGA. Finally, we assess the impact of these hypoxaMIRs on cancer hallmarks through their target genes.
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Dohmen J, Semaan A, Kobilay M, Zaleski M, Branchi V, Schlierf A, Hettwer K, Uhlig S, Hartmann G, Kalff JC, Matthaei H, Lingohr P, Holdenrieder S. Diagnostic Potential of Exosomal microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061413. [PMID: 35741223 PMCID: PMC9221658 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the significance of colonoscopy for early diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC), population-wide screening remains challenging, mainly because of low acceptance rates. Herein, exosomal (exo-miR) and free circulating microRNA (c-miR) may be used as liquid biopsies in CRC to identify individuals at risk. Direct comparison of both compartments has shown inconclusive results, which is why we directly compared a panel of 10 microRNAs in this entity. Methods: Exo-miR and c-miR levels were measured using real-time quantitative PCR after isolation from serum specimens in a cohort of 69 patients. Furthermore, results were compared to established tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9. Results: Direct comparison of exo- and c-miR biopsy results showed significantly higher microRNA levels in the exosomal compartment (p < 0.001). Exo-Let7, exo-miR-16 and exo-miR-23 significantly differed between CRC and healthy controls (all p < 0.05), while no c-miR showed this potential. Sensitivity and specificity can be further enhanced using combinations of multiple exosomal miRNAs. Conclusions: Exosomal microRNA should be considered as a promising biomarker in CRC for future studies. Nonetheless, results may show interference with common comorbidities, which must be taken into account in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Dohmen
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Alexander Semaan
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Makbule Kobilay
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Martin Zaleski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
| | - Vittorio Branchi
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Anja Schlierf
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (K.H.); (S.U.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - Karina Hettwer
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (K.H.); (S.U.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Uhlig
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (A.S.); (K.H.); (S.U.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg C. Kalff
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hanno Matthaei
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Lingohr
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (J.D.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (J.C.K.); (H.M.); (P.L.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.K.); (M.Z.); (G.H.)
- CEBIO GmbH—Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, 81679 Munich, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cologne/Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence:
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miR-23a-3p Regulates Runx2 to Inhibit the Proliferation and Metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8719542. [PMID: 35342401 PMCID: PMC8956426 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8719542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-23a (miR-23a-3p) and Runx2 on malignant progression of oral cancer cells and their possible molecular mechanisms. Methods Fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-23a-3p and Runx2 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues. The dual luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the targeted regulation of miR-23a-3p on Runx2. A subcutaneous xenograft model was established to investigate the tumor-suppressive effect of miR-23a-3p. Cells were transfected with miR-23a-3p mimics and negative control NC. CCK-8 assay, EDU assay, Transwell assay, and clone formation assay were used to detect malignant evolution of cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Runx2, PTEN, and PI3K/Akt. The cells were simultaneously transfected with miR-23a-3p mimics and Runx2 to detect the malignant evolution of cells. Results The expression of miR-23a-3p was downregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues, while the expression of Runx2 was upregulated. Overexpression of miR-23a-3p or inhibition of Runx2 inhibited the malignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 and TSCCA. Overexpression of miR-23a-3p inhibits the growth of oral cancer tumors. miR-23a-3p inhibits the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through Runx2. Overexpression of Runx2 reverses the tumor-suppressive effect of miR-23a-3p. Conclusion miR-23a-3p can inhibit the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting Runx2 and inhibit the malignant evolution of oral cancer.
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Fan J, Bellon M, Ju M, Zhao L, Wei M, Fu L, Nicot C. Clinical significance of FBXW7 loss of function in human cancers. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:87. [PMID: 35346215 PMCID: PMC8962602 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FBXW7 (F-Box and WD Repeat Domain Containing 7) (also referred to as FBW7 or hCDC4) is a component of the Skp1-Cdc53 / Cullin-F-box-protein complex (SCF/β-TrCP). As a member of the F-box protein family, FBXW7 serves a role in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of oncoproteins that play critical role(s) in oncogenesis. FBXW7 affects many regulatory functions involved in cell survival, cell proliferation, tumor invasion, DNA damage repair, genomic instability and telomere biology. This thorough review of current literature details how FBXW7 expression and functions are regulated through multiple mechanisms and how that ultimately drives tumorigenesis in a wide array of cell types. The clinical significance of FBXW7 is highlighted by the fact that FBXW7 is frequently inactivated in human lung, colon, and hematopoietic cancers. The loss of FBXW7 can serve as an independent prognostic marker and is significantly correlated with the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents and poorer disease outcomes. Recent evidence shows that genetic mutation of FBXW7 differentially affects the degradation of specific cellular targets resulting in a distinct and specific pattern of activation/inactivation of cell signaling pathways. The clinical significance of FBXW7 mutations in the context of tumor development, progression, and resistance to therapies as well as opportunities for targeted therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Marcia Bellon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mingyi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Christophe Nicot
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Methylation Modification, Alternative Splicing, and Noncoding RNA Play a Role in Cancer Metastasis through Epigenetic Regulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4061525. [PMID: 34660788 PMCID: PMC8514273 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4061525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Understanding the pathogenesis of metastasis at the molecular levels is of great significance for cancer research. However, the molecular diagnosis or treatment of cancer metastasis is limited. Accumulating and growing evidence shows that epigenetic changes are present in all human cancers, and epigenetic regulation is an indispensable factor to promote tumor metastasis. With the deepening of research and the advancement of technology, the function and mechanism of epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, histone/RNA modification, and precursor messenger RNA alternative splicing and noncoding RNAs, has become more increasingly clear. At present, the application of epigenetic therapies in tumor treatment is becoming a feasible therapeutic route. In this review, we looked for the key molecules in epigenetic regulation and discuss their relative regulating mechanisms in cancer metastasis. Furthermore, we highlight promising therapeutic strategies, including monitoring serum DNA for diagnostic purposes and early phase clinical trial therapies that target DNA and histone methylation. This may also be beneficial in finding new targets for further prognosis and diagnosis of cancer metastasis.
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16
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Wang J, Hu M, Li L. Clinical Values of miR-23a-3p in Oral Lichen Planus and Its Role in Keratinocyte Proliferation and Inflammatory Response. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5013-5021. [PMID: 34616170 PMCID: PMC8488055 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s325986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease occurring in the oral cavity, and several miRNAs have been identified to be involved in the disease progression and malignant transformation. This study investigated the expression changes of miR-23a-3p in OLP patients, and further explored its functional role in keratinocyte cell proliferation and inflammatory response. Patients and Methods Fifty buccal mucosal tissue samples were collected from OLP patients. HaCaT cells were cultured with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to mimic the condition of OLP in vitro. RNA extraction and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used for the measurement of miR-23a-3p levels. The cell viability and inflammation were detected by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The target gene of miR-23a-3p was verified by using luciferase reporter assay. Results Compared with the control group, miR-23a-3p was significantly downregulated in the buccal mucosal tissues of OLP patients, and a remarkably decreased level of miR-23a-3p was detected in patients with erosive OLP. ROC curve demonstrated the diagnostic value of miR-23a-3p for OLP with the AUC of 0.908, it can also distinguish erosive OLP from the non-erosive ones. MiR-23a-3p level was negatively associated with RAE (reticular, atrophic, erosive) score in OLP patients (r = -0.790, P < 0.001). The in vitro experiments indicated that overexpression of miR-23a-3p reversed the promotive effect of LPS on HaCaT cell proliferation and reduced the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6. The cyclin D1 (CCND1) was a direct target gene of miR-23a-3p, it was overexpressed in OLP cell models. Conclusion MiR-23a-3p was at the low expression in OLP patients and showed close association with the disease severity. Overexpression of miR-23a-3p might inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory response via targeting CCND1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Dongying Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongying, Shandong, 257000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyan Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Li
- Department of Stomatology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, People's Republic of China
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Xu Y, Jiang Y, Jia B, Wang Y, Li T. Icariin stimulates osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenesis of human bone mesenchymal stem cells via miR-23a-mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153485. [PMID: 33743412 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icariin (ICA) is a bioactive compound isolated from epimedium-derived flavonoids that modulates bone mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis and adipogenesis. However, its precise mechanism in this process is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of ICA on human bone mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) osteogenesis and adipogenesis by focusing on miR-23a mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. METHODS After ICA treatment, hBMSC osteogenesis and adipogenesis were evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining, an alkaline phosphatase activity assay, Oil Red O staining, and cellular triglyceride levels. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of osteogenic and adipogenic markers as well as key factors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Lithium chloride, an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, was used as a positive control. Finally, to investigate the role of miR-23a in ICA-induced activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, hBMSCs were transfected with miR-23a mimics or a miR-23a inhibitor. RESULTS ICA significantly promoted hBMSC osteogenic differentiation by upregulating alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of bone sialoprotein II (BSPII) and runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2). In contrast, ICA inhibited hBMSC adipogenic differentiation by reducing lipid droplet formation and cellular triglyceride levels as well as by downregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α). ICA mediated its effects on hBMSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It did so by upregulating β-catenin, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), and T cell factor 1 (TCF1). Notably, the up-regulation of these proteins was blocked by Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1). Critically, the effects of ICA on hBMSCs were similar to that of the positive control, lithium chloride. Notably, ICA-induced activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was significantly attenuated following miR-23a up-regulation. Conversely, miR-23a downregulation affected hBMSCs in the same manner as ICA; i.e., it activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION ICA promotes and inhibits, respectively, hBMSC osteogenesis and adipogenesis via miR-23a-mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxing Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yaping Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Bin Jia
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
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Masaoka T, Shinozuka K, Ohara K, Tsuda H, Imai K, Tonogi M. Bioinformatics analysis of dysregulated exosomal microRNAs derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Oral Sci 2021; 63:174-178. [PMID: 33731508 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.20-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to identify dysregulated exosomal miRNAs associated with diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Microarray analysis was used to compare expression profiles of exosomal miRNAs in the OSCC-derived cell lines HSC-2, HSC-3, Ca9-22, and HO-1-N1 with those in human normal keratinocytes (HNOKs). The identified OSCC-related miRNAs and their potential target genes were analyzed with bioinformatic analyses, and the data were subjected to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to clarify functional networks and gene ontologies of the identified exosomal miRNAs secreted by OSCC cells. RESULTS Comparison with HNOKs detected 8 upregulated and 12 downregulated miRNAs in OSCC-secreted exosomes. The potential target mRNAs of these dysregulated miRNAs were suggested by IPA, and 6 significant genetic networks were indicated by genetic network analysis. Furthermore, 4 crucial upstream miRNAs-miR-125b-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-23a-3p-were identified. miR-125b-5p was a central node in the most significant network. Gene ontology analysis showed significant enrichment of genes with cancer-related functions, such as molecular mechanisms of cancer, cell cycle, and regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSION These results provide a comprehensive view of the functions of dysregulated exosomal miRNAs in OSCC, thus illuminating OSCC tumorigenesis and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Masaoka
- Division of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Keiji Shinozuka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Department of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Teikyo University
| | - Kenshin Ohara
- Department of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Teikyo University
| | - Hiromasa Tsuda
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Kenichi Imai
- Department of Microbiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Morio Tonogi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Huang X, Zhu X, Yu Y, Zhu W, Jin L, Zhang X, Li S, Zou P, Xie C, Cui R. Dissecting miRNA signature in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:66-82. [PMID: 33385486 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Despite recent advancements in surgical and molecular targeted therapies that improved the therapeutic efficacy in CRC, the 5 years survival rate of CRC patients still remains frustratingly poor. Accumulated evidences indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Dysregulated miRNAs are closely associated with cancerous phenotypes (e.g. enhanced proliferative and invasive ability, evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle aberration, and promotion of angiogenesis) by regulating their target genes. In this review, we provide an updated overview of tumor suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, circulatory miRNAs, and the possible causes of dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. In addition, we discuss the important functions of miRNAs in drug resistance of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjie Huang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wangyu Zhu
- Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Shaotang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Congying Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ri Cui
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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Taefehshokr S, Taefehshokr N, Hemmat N, Hajazimian S, Isazadeh A, Dadebighlu P, Baradaran B. The pivotal role of MicroRNAs in glucose metabolism in cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 217:153314. [PMID: 33341548 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are able to undergo aerobic glycolysis and metabolize glucose to lactate instead of oxidative phosphorylation, which is known as Warburg effect. Accumulating evidence has revealed that microRNAs regulate cancer cell metabolism, which manifest a higher rate of glucose metabolism. Various signaling pathways along with glycolytic enzymes are responsible for the emergence of glycolytic dependence. MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs that are not translated into proteins but regulate target gene expression or in other words function pre-translationally and post-transcriptionally. MicroRNAs have been shown to be involved in various biological processes, including glucose metabolism via targeting major transcription factors, enzymes, oncogenes or tumor suppressors alongside the oncogenic signaling pathways. In this review, we describe the regulatory role of microRNAs of cancer cell glucose metabolism, including in the glucose uptake, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and several signaling pathways and further suggest that microRNA-based therapeutics can be used to inhibit the process of glucose metabolism reprogramming in cancer cells and thus suppressing cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Taefehshokr
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Taefehshokr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nima Hemmat
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Hajazimian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pourya Dadebighlu
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Farouk S, Khairy A, Salem AM, Soliman AF, Bader El Din NG. Differential Expression of miR-21, miR-23a, and miR-27a, and Their Diagnostic Significance in Egyptian Colorectal Cancer Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:825-834. [PMID: 33290159 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) rates are affected by genetics, ethnicity, and environmental factors; it is considered one of the most aggressive human malignancies with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide due, in part, to its asymptomatic nature during the early stages of disease. Objective: Owing to the impact of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation on CRC development and progression, this study was conducted to explore the expression levels of mir-21, -23a, and -27a in the sera and tissues of Egyptian CRC patients and to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy based on circulating levels. Methods: In the test phase, the relative expression levels of the studied miRNAs were evaluated in the sera of 70 participants (35 CRC patients and 35 healthy controls) using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction and to verify their diagnostic value. The exploratory phase was designed to validate the tumor-derived trait by comparing the miRNA levels in the cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Results: The relative expression levels of the studied miRNAs were significantly upregulated in both serum and tumor tissues of the patients compared to their corresponding controls. In addition, significant positive correlations were found between the relative expression levels of the studied miRNAs in serum samples and their levels in the matched CRC tissues. The serum expression levels of mir-21 and -23a were more predictive of CRC than mir-27a. Conclusion: Circulating mir-21, -23a, and -27a expression levels appear to be valuable diagnostic biomarkers for CRC, especially when combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Farouk
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khairy
- Endemic Medicine Department, Kasr Elainy Hospitals, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Salem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Circulating non-coding RNA cluster predicted the tumorigenesis and development of colorectal carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:23047-23066. [PMID: 33234723 PMCID: PMC7746361 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the most significant plasma biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC), which is mainly used to diagnose and monitor the recurrence of CRC. However, due to the low sensitivity of CEA, it is more recommended for postoperative surveillance rather than early diagnosis. It is necessary to find efficient biomarkers for CRC. In this study, the expression of plasma non-coding RNAs was confirmed in three independent cohorts with total 1201 participants. First, 12 non-coding RNAs were screened from 9 plasma samples by using microarray. The expression of selected non-coding RNAs was further validated by multiphase detection and risk score analysis. We found that miR-20b-5p, miR-329-3p, miR-374b-5p, miR-503-5p, XLOC_001120 and ENSG00000243766.2 were significantly elevated in CRC plasma, and the AUC in training and validation set was 0.996 and 0.954, respectively. Moreover, miR-20b-5p, miR-329-3p and miR-503-5p were found elevated in plasma from larger tumors (5 cm as the cutoff) in CRC patients, and the merged AUC in training and validation set was 0.896 and 0.881. In conclusion, a panel of 6 non-coding RNAs showed their important clinical value for the early diagnosis of CRC. Among, miR-20b-5p, miR-329-3p and miR-503-5p might be the potential markers for evaluating larger tumor size of CRC.
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23
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Kang K, Liao X, Li Q, Chen J, Niu Y, Zeng Y, Xia S, Zeng L, Liu S, Gou D. A novel tonicity-responsive microRNA miR-23a-5p modulates renal cell survival under osmotic stress through targeting heat shock protein 70 HSPA1B. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C225-C239. [PMID: 33206547 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00441.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in cellular adaptation to osmotic stress, but the underlying osmosignaling pathways are still not completely understood. In this study, we found that a passenger strand miRNA, miR-23a-5p, was significantly downregulated in response to high NaCl treatment in mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells (mIMCD3) through an miRNA profiling assay. The decrease of miR-23a-5p is hypertonicity-dependent and osmotolerant cell type-specific. Knockdown of miR-23a-5p increased cellular survival and proliferation in mIMCD3. In contrast, miR-23a-5p overexpression repressed cell viability and proliferation under hypertonic stress. RNA deep-sequencing revealed that a heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) isoform, HSP70 member 1B (HSPA1B), was significantly increased under hypertonic treatment. Based on the prediction analysis by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and TargetScan, and a further validation via a dual-luciferase assay, HSPA1B was identified as a potential target of miR-23a-5p. Overexpressed miR-23a-5p suppressed HSPA1B, whereas downregulated miR-23a-5p promoted HSPA1B expression in mIMCD3. In addition, an in vivo study demonstrated that there is a reverse correlation between the levels of miR-23a-5p and HSPA1B in mouse renal inner medulla (papilla) that is exposed to extremely high osmolality. In summary, this study elucidates that passenger strand miR-23a-5p is a novel tonicity-responsive miRNA. The downregulation of miR-23a-5p facilitates cellular adaptation to hypertonic stress in mammalian renal cells through modulating HSPA1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Liao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqin Niu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijian Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shide Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Gou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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24
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Wu Q, Liu W, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang Z, Peng Y. Exosomal noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 493:228-235. [PMID: 32898600 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly diagnosed malignancy with unsatisfactory survival outcomes. Recent studies indicate that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can be selectively packaged into exosomes, the extracellular vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer, and delivered from donor to recipient cells, thus regulating the behavior of the recipient cells. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that exosomal ncRNAs in blood exhibit distinct expression patterns among CRC patients with or without metastasis, and healthy controls. Moreover, exosomal ncRNAs can participate in the regulation of tumor microenvironment, the establishment of pre-metastatic niches, and the induction of drug resistance via cell-to-cell communication. Intriguingly, exosomal ncRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and therapeutic response monitoring of patients with CRC. In this review, we summarize the emerging functions of exosomal ncRNAs during CRC development and also discuss their potential clinical application in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenrong Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Peng
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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25
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Saberinia A, Alinezhad A, Jafari F, Soltany S, Akhavan Sigari R. Oncogenic miRNAs and target therapies in colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Salah M, Shaheen I, El-Shanawany P, Eid Saad N, Saad R, El Guibaly M, Momen N. Detection of miR-1246, miR-23a and miR-451 in sera of colorectal carcinoma patients: a case-control study in Cairo University hospital. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:1283-1291. [PMID: 33402976 PMCID: PMC7751536 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i3.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high morbidity and mortality rates. Invasive techniques and other laboratory tests with variable sensitivity and specificity are currently used in diagnosis. Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have bio vital roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Dys-regulation of miRNAs is linked to tumour genesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of serum non-invasive biomarkers (micro-RNAs), miR-1246, miR-23a, and miR-451in CRC patients. Methods Peripheral expression of three miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-23a and miR-451) was investigated in sera of 37 CRC Egyptian patients and 30 healthy controls, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction trying to reach the optimal non-invasive combination of miRNAs. Results Serum miR-1246 was up-regulated in sera of CRC patients compared to normal controls (fold change = 3.55; P<0.001) and showed 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity in diagnosis of CRC. Serum miR-451 was significantly down-regulated in CRC patients (fold change = -4.86; p= 0.014), whereas, miR-23a was down-regulated but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion Up-regulation of miR-1246 and down-regulation of miR-451 in the sera of primary CRC Egyptian patients were confirmed with high sensitivity and specificity. Large-scale studies on a wider spectrum of miRNAs in Egyptian CRC patients are needed.
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Eshghifar N, Badrlou E, Pouresmaeili F. The roles of miRNAs' clinical efficiencies in the colorectal cancer pathobiology: A review article. Hum Antibodies 2020; 28:273-285. [PMID: 32623393 DOI: 10.3233/hab-200417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MiRNAs (microRNAs) are defined as micro directors and regulators of gene expression. Since altered miRNA expression is signified in the pathobiology of diverse cancers such as colorectal cancers (CRCs), these molecules are described as therapeutic targets, either. Manipulation of miRNAs could lead to further therapy for chemo and radio-resistant CRCs. The usage of microRNAs has indicated prominent promise in the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC, because of their unique expression pattern associated with cancer types and malignancies. Nowadays, many researchers are analyzing the correlation between miRNA polymorphisms and cancer risk. With continuous incompatibility in colorectal cancer (CRC) miRNAs expression data, it is critical to move toward the content of a "pre-laboratory" analysis to speed up efficient accuracy medicine and translational study. Pathway study for the highest expressed miRNAs- regulated target genes resulted in the identification of a considerable number of genes associated with CRC pathway including PI3K, TGFβ, and APC. In this review, we aimed to collect fruitful information about miRNAs and their potential roles in CRC, and provide a meta-analysis of the most frequently studied miRNAs in association with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal Eshghifar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Badrlou
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Kunigenas L, Stankevicius V, Dulskas A, Budginaite E, Alzbutas G, Stratilatovas E, Cordes N, Suziedelis K. 3D Cell Culture-Based Global miRNA Expression Analysis Reveals miR-142-5p as a Theranostic Biomarker of Rectal Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Long-Course Treatment. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E613. [PMID: 32316138 PMCID: PMC7226077 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of miRNAs in tumor tissue encourages the translation of this specific molecular pattern into clinical practice. However, the establishment of a selective biomarker signature for many tumor types remains an inextricable challenge. For this purpose, a preclinical experimental design, which could maintain a fast and sensitive discovery of potential biomarkers, is in demand. The present study suggests that the approach of 3D cell cultures as a preclinical cancer model that is characterized to mimic a natural tumor environment maintained in solid tumors could successfully be employed for the biomarker discovery and validation. Subsequently, in this study, we investigated an environment-dependent miRNA expression changes in colorectal adenocarcinoma DLD1 and HT29 cell lines using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. We detected a subset of 16 miRNAs differentially expressed in both cell lines cultivated in multicellular spheroids compared to expression levels in cells grown in 2D. Furthermore, results of in silico miRNA target analysis showed that miRNAs, which were differentially expressed in both cell lines grown in MCS, are involved in the regulation of molecular mechanisms implicated in cell adhesion, cell-ECM interaction, and gap junction pathways. In addition, integrins and platelet-derived growth factor receptors were determined to be the most significant target genes of deregulated miRNAs, which was concordant with the environment-dependent gene expression changes validated by RT-qPCR. Our results revealed that 3D microenvironment-dependent deregulation of miRNA expression in CRC cells potentially triggers essential molecular mechanisms predominantly including the regulation of cell adhesion, cell-cell, and cell-ECM interactions important in CRC initiation and development. Finally, we demonstrated increased levels of selected miR-142-5p in rectum tumor tissue samples after neoadjuvant long course treatment compared to miR-142-5p expression levels in tumor biopsy samples collected before the therapy. Remarkably, the elevation of miR-142-5p expression remained in tumor samples compared to adjacent normal rectum tissue as well. Therefore, the current study provides valuable insights into the molecular miRNA machinery of CRC and proposes a potential miRNA signature for the assessment of CRC in further clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linas Kunigenas
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.K.); (A.D.); (E.B.); (E.S.)
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaidotas Stankevicius
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.K.); (A.D.); (E.B.); (E.S.)
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dulskas
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.K.); (A.D.); (E.B.); (E.S.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Care, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Elzbieta Budginaite
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.K.); (A.D.); (E.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Gediminas Alzbutas
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, LT-02241 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Institute of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Vilnius University, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eugenijus Stratilatovas
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.K.); (A.D.); (E.B.); (E.S.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nils Cordes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität, D–01307 Dresden, Germany;
- Helmholtz–Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology–OncoRay, D–01328 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden, D–69192 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D–69192 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kestutis Suziedelis
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.K.); (A.D.); (E.B.); (E.S.)
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
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miR-27a is a master regulator of metabolic reprogramming and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1354-1366. [PMID: 32132656 PMCID: PMC7188668 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis in cancer supports unrestricted cell proliferation, survival and chemoresistance. The molecular bases of these processes are still undefined. Recent reports suggest crucial roles for microRNAs. Here, we provide new evidence of the implication of miR-27a in modulating colorectal cancer (CRC) metabolism and chemoresistance. METHODS A survey of miR-27a expression profile in TCGA-COAD dataset revealed that miR-27a-overexpressing CRCs are enriched in gene signatures of mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated oxidative phosphorylation, mTOR activation and reduced chemosensitivity. The same pathways were analysed in cell lines in which we modified miR-27a levels. The response to chemotherapy was investigated in an independent cohort and cell lines. RESULTS miR-27a upregulation in vitro associated with impaired oxidative phosphorylation, overall mitochondrial activities and slight influence on glycolysis. miR-27a hampered AMPK, enhanced mTOR signalling and acted in concert with oncogenes and tumour cell metabolic regulators to force an aerobic glycolytic metabolism supporting biomass production, unrestricted growth and chemoresistance. This latter association was confirmed in our cohort of patients and cell lines. CONCLUSIONS We disclose an unprecedented role for miR-27a as a master regulator of cancer metabolism reprogramming that impinges on CRC response to chemotherapy, underscoring its theragnostic properties.
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Yumimoto K, Nakayama KI. Recent insight into the role of FBXW7 as a tumor suppressor. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:1-15. [PMID: 32113998 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
FBXW7 (also known as Fbw7, Sel10, hCDC4, or hAgo) is a tumor suppressor and the most frequently mutated member of the F-box protein family in human cancers. FBXW7 functions as the substrate recognition component of an SCF-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. It specifically controls the proteasome-mediated degradation of many oncoproteins such as c-MYC, NOTCH, KLF5, cyclin E, c-JUN, and MCL1. In this review, we summarize the molecular and biological features of FBXW7 and its substrates as well as the impact of mutations of FBXW7 on cancer development. We also address the clinical potential of anticancer therapy targeting FBXW7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Yumimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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31
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Hatzl S, Perfler B, Wurm S, Uhl B, Quehenberger F, Ebner S, Troppmair J, Reinisch A, Wölfler A, Sill H, Zebisch A. Increased Expression of Micro-RNA-23a Mediates Chemoresistance to Cytarabine in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E496. [PMID: 32093419 PMCID: PMC7072365 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy is one of the primary obstacles in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Micro-RNA-23a (miR-23a) is frequently deregulated in AML and has been linked to chemoresistance in solid cancers. We, therefore, studied its role in chemoresistance to cytarabine (AraC), which forms the backbone of all cytostatic AML treatments. Initially, we assessed AraC sensitivity in three AML cell lines following miR-23a overexpression/knockdown using MTT-cell viability and soft-agar colony-formation assays. Overexpression of miR-23a decreased the sensitivity to AraC, whereas its knockdown had the opposite effect. Analysis of clinical data revealed that high miR-23a expression correlated with relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML disease stages, the leukemic stem cell compartment, as well as with inferior overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in AraC-treated patients. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that miR-23a targets and downregulates topoisomerase-2-beta (TOP2B), and that TOP2B knockdown mediates AraC chemoresistance as well. Likewise, low TOP2B expression also correlated with R/R-AML disease stages and inferior EFS/OS. In conclusion, we show that increased expression of miR-23a mediates chemoresistance to AraC in AML and that it correlates with an inferior outcome in AraC-treated AML patients. We further demonstrate that miR-23a causes the downregulation of TOP2B, which is likely to mediate its effects on AraC sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hatzl
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Bianca Perfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Sonja Wurm
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Barbara Uhl
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Franz Quehenberger
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Susanne Ebner
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.E.); (J.T.)
| | - Jakob Troppmair
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.E.); (J.T.)
| | - Andreas Reinisch
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (B.P.); (S.W.); (B.U.); (A.R.); (A.W.); (H.S.)
- Otto-Loewi-Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
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32
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Lai H, Zhang J, Zuo H, Liu H, Xu J, Feng Y, Lin Y, Mo X. Overexpression of miR-17 is correlated with liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19265. [PMID: 32118734 PMCID: PMC7478658 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men and women. The presence of systemic disease, with metastatic spread to distant sites such as the liver, considerably reduces the survival rate in CRC. Cancer stem cells contribute to the metastatic potential of CRC. However, the mechanism underlying metastasis in CRC remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to examine the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CRC stem cells in cases of liver metastases and assess their correlation with clinicopathological features. METHODS miRNAs showing high expression in liver metastases and primary lesions were selected through data mining of gene expression omnibus datasets, and miRNAs characteristic of stem cells were selected through COREMINE medical text mining. Subsequently, paired formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of primary CRC and liver metastasis from 30 patients were examined for the expression of miRNAs common to these lists (hsa-miR-20a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-17, hsa-miR-451, hsa-miR-23a, and hsa-miR-29a) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Further, miRNA expression was compared between liver metastases and the primary tumor in each patient and the factors associated with differential expression were analyzed. RESULTS hsa-miR-17 was significantly upregulated in liver metastases (P < .05), but no significant difference in the expression of hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-451, hsa-miR-23a, and hsa-miR-29a was observed between primary tumors and liver metastases. The higher expression of hsa-miR-17 in liver metastases was associated with the administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and tumor differentiation (P < .05) but was not associated with age, sex, tumor location, or lymphatic metastasis. CONCLUSIONS High expression of miR-17 may contribute to liver metastasis in CRC. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of its downstream pathways could help in elucidating the mechanisms underlying liver metastases in CRC. However, additional studies are warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lai
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer
| | - Jie Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer
| | - Hongqun Zuo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Research Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer
| | - Yan Feng
- Research Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer
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Circulating Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Early Colorectal Cancer-A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010052. [PMID: 31878015 PMCID: PMC7016718 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the developed world, with global deaths expected to double in the next decade. Disease stage at diagnosis is the single greatest prognostic indicator for long-term survival. Unfortunately, early stage CRC is often asymptomatic and diagnosis frequently occurs at an advanced stage, where long-term survival can be as low as 14%. Circulating microRNAs encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently come to prominence as novel diagnostic markers for cancer. EV-miRNAs are dysregulated in the circulation of CRC patients compared to healthy controls, and several specific miRNA candidates have been posited as diagnostic markers, including miR-21, miR-23a, miR-1246, and miR-92a. This review outlines the current landscape of EV-miRNAs as potential diagnostic markers for CRC, with a specific focus on those able to detect early stage disease.
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34
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Wang C, You Z, Chen S, Kong Q, Xu B, Liu C, Chen M. Association of Hsa-miR-23a rs3745453 variation with prostate cancer risk among Chinese Han population: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18523. [PMID: 31876746 PMCID: PMC6946362 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a frequently diagnosed malignant solid tumor in men. The etiology of PCa has been attributed to both environmental and genetic factors. In recent years, many studies have reported that miRNA gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence the susceptibility to several diseases such as cancer. To date, the mechanisms of PCa have remained unknown. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association between PCa susceptibility and miRNA gene SNPs. A total of 156 PCa cases and 188 control subjects were included in this case-control study. The data were collected from hospitalized cases. We collected the demographic characteristic information, which included age, body mass index, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and family history of cancer. Polymorphisms were analyzed by the ligase detection reaction. Unconditional logistic and stratified analyses were used to analyze the association between these SNPs and PCa susceptibility and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Cox regression model and the log-rank test were used to test the association between genetic variants and the overall survival. We found that miR-23a gene polymorphism rs3745453 carrying CC homozygotes had a 4.16-fold increased risk (95% CI = 1.30-13.25) than those carrying the TT/CT genotypes (P = .02), and the C allele displayed a higher prevalence of PCa than the T allele (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.16-2.45, P = .01). Moreover, miR-23a showed that the homozygous carriers of the C-variant significantly increased the risk of survival rate as compared to the carriers of the TT/CT genotype (OR = 9.67, 95% CI = 2.83-33.09, P = .001). The rs3745453 polymorphism was potentially associated with PCa in the Chinese Han population and had an interactive relationship with the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao Zhang
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | - Yali Wang
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | - Can Wang
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | - Zonghao You
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University
| | | | - Qingfang Kong
- Department of Nosocomial, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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35
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Lin M, Xu Y, Gao Y, Pan C, Zhu X, Wang ZW. Regulation of F-box proteins by noncoding RNAs in human cancers. Cancer Lett 2019; 466:61-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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36
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Chao J, Jin L, Zhang X, Ding D, Wu S, Ma L, Zhu B, Shan S, Yun X, Gao P, Li J, Zhu C, Qin X. Insight into the effects of microRNA-23a-3p on pancreatic cancer and its underlying molecular mechanism. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:187-194. [PMID: 31897129 PMCID: PMC6924110 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-23a-3p plays a role as an oncogene that is involved in several different types of carcinoma. However, few studies investigated the association between miR-23a-3p and pancreatic cancer (PC). The aim of the present study was to elucidate the biological functions of miR-23a-3p in PC and to investigate its underlying molecular mechanisms. The expression of miR-23a-3p in PC and adjacent normal tissues was investigated using microarrays. In order to validate the outcomes of the microarray results, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR was used to determine the expression levels of miR-23a-3p in PC tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, functional analyses were conducted following miR-23a-3p inhibition and overexpression, in order to assess the proliferation, invasion and migration of PC cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated transforming growth factor-β receptor type II (TGFBR2) as a potential direct target of miR-23a-3p. Western blotting was performed in order to determine the protein expression of TGFBR2 in PC cell lines. The findings from the microarray demonstrated upregulation of miR-23a-3p in PC compared with normal tissues. RT-qPCR revealed significantly higher levels of miR-23a-3p expression in PC compared with normal control tissues or cells. Furthermore, miR-23a-3p was demonstrated to promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of PC cells, which was suppressed by the inhibition of miR-23a-3p. In addition, the miR-23a-3p expression level was negatively associated with TGFBR2 expression. Overall, the present study demonstrated the tumor-promoting effects of miR-23a-3p in PC cells. Furthermore, miR-23a-3p is a potential oncogenic regulator of PC, by targeting TGFBR2, and a biomarker or target for molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadeng Chao
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Dong Ding
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Wu
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhu
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Shiting Shan
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Yun
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Chunfu Zhu
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xihu Qin
- Department of Pancreatopathy, Pancreas Center of Changzhou Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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Jiang L, Lv L, Liu X, Jiang X, Yin Q, Hao Y, Xiao L. MiR-223 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and migration by regulating FBXW7. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:325-334. [PMID: 30883339 PMCID: PMC6484253 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abnormally expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute widely to human cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), by regulating their downstream targets. MiR-223 has been proved to be up-regulated in both gastric cancer and ovarian cancer. However, the effect of miR-223 on OSCC is still unclear. Here, we showed that miR-223 was over-expressed in OSCC tissues using qRT-PCR. Next, we investigated the biological mechanism of miR-223 in OSCC. The results demonstrated that miR-223 facilitated the cell proliferation and migration of OSCC using MTT assay and Transwell assay. Furthermore, we stated that the FBXW7 expression was decreased in OSCC and re-expression of FBXW7 inhibited the proliferation and migration of OSCC. In addition, FBXW7 mimic inversed the promotion effect of miR-223 in regulating of OSCC cells. In short, miR-223 promoted OSCC cell proliferation and migration by downregulating FBXW7, which provided a novel therapeutic strategy for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Jiang
- Clinical laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong, China.,Clinical laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lianhui Lv
- Department of Stomatology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.,Clinical laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,Spinal Surgery, The Tumor Hospital of Qingdao City, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xianqin Jiang
- Digestive Internal Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Yin
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuli Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong, China
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38
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Tang X, Yang M, Wang Z, Wu X, Wang D. MicroRNA-23a promotes colorectal cancer cell migration and proliferation by targeting at MARK1. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:661-668. [PMID: 31281935 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional role of microRNA-23a in tumorigenesis has been investigated; however, the exact mechanism of microRNA-23a (miR-23a) in colorectal cancer development has not been fully explored. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the molecular functional role of miR-23a in colorectal carcinogenesis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to investigate the expression level of miR-23a in tissue samples and cell lines (HCT116 and SW480). CCK-8, colony formation and Transwell assay were used to explore the role of miR-23a in cell proliferation and migration. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the direct binding of miR-23a with its target, MARK1. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression level of MARK1, as well as a confirmed miR-23a target gene, MTSS1, in miR-23a-mimic and miR-23a-inhibit groups. Rescue experiments were conducted by overexpression of MARK1 in miR-23a-mimic-transfected cell lines. The results showed that miR-23a was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissue and cell lines. MiR-23a could promote proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cell lines. MARK1 was a direct target of miR-23a and the expression level of MARK1 was down-regulated in miR-23a-mimic-transfected cell lines but up-regulated in miR-23a-inhibit-transfected cells. Overexpression of MARK1 could partly reverse the cancer-promoting function of miR-23a. Our results suggested that miR-23a promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and migration by mediating the expression of MARK1. MiR-23a may be a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meiyuan Yang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China
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39
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Liu K, Jiao XD, Hao JL, Qin BD, Wu Y, Chen W, Liu J, He X, Zang YS. MTSS1 inhibits metastatic potential and induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5143-5152. [PMID: 31303767 PMCID: PMC6612291 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s203165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1), a potential metastasis suppressor gene associated with tumor progression, may play an important role in cancer development. Our previous study demonstrated that MTSS1 was downregulated significantly when gastric cancer (GC) progressed and metastasized, suggesting that MTSS1 may be involved in the physiopathologic mechanism of GC. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of MTSS1 expression on the biological behavior of gastric cancer cell both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: The gain-and-loss function of MTSS1 in GC cells were analyzed after transfection with pEGFP-N1-MTSS1 and ShRNA431. Proliferation and invasion abilities were measured by means of plate clone formation assay and transwell assay. To further explore the underlying mechanism of MTSS1-induced tumor restrain, cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Results: The results revealed that overexpression of MTSS1 significantly reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vivo and in vitro, while downregulation of MTSS1 had the opposite biological manifestations. Moreover, overexpression of MTSS1 induced accumulation of GC cells in G2/M phase, increased phosphorylated Cdc2 expression and decreased Cdc25C and cyclinB1 levels, suggesting MTSS1 could cause G2/M cell cycle arrest. Conclusion: Our data provided insight into an important role for MTSS1 in suppressing tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration, indicating that MTSS, as a functional tumor suppressor in GC, could be a potential therapeutic target to prevent GC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Lu Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Dong Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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40
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Li J, Zhang Z, Chen F, Hu T, Peng W, Gu Q, Sun Y. The Diverse Oncogenic and Tumor Suppressor Roles of microRNA-105 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:518. [PMID: 31281797 PMCID: PMC6595394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional/translational level. They act a considerable role not only in the normal progress of development but also in aberrant human diseases, including malignancy. With accumulating proofs of miR-105, the complex role of miR-105 during cancer initiation and progression is gradually emerging. miR-105 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis or as an oncogene by promoting tumor initiation and invasion, depending on particular tumor contexts and base-pairing genes. In this review, we emphasize the characteristics of miR-105 in cancer to elucidate various deadly tumors and discuss transcriptional regulations that may explain fluctuations in miR-105 expression. This review may provide new ideas for applying miR-105 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangyu Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiou Gu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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41
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Zhu X, Yao Y, Liu Y, Zhou R, Zhang W, Hu Q, Liu H, Al Hamda MH, Zhang A. Regulation of ADAM10 by MicroRNA-23a Contributes to Epileptogenesis in Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:180. [PMID: 31114485 PMCID: PMC6503058 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM10, a member of the disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein (ADAM) family, has been reported to mediate proteolytic shedding of cell surface proteins. An increasing body of evidence indicates that ADAM10 is involved in various neurological disorders including epilepsy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of ADAM10 expression in the epileptic brain remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that ADAM10 is targeted by microRNA-23a (miR-23a) in the hippocampus. Inhibition of miR-23a increased hippocampal ADAM10 expression while an increase in miR-23a suppressed hippocampal ADAM10 expression in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) mice. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-23a suppressed spontaneous recurrent seizures through up-regulation of ADAM10 in pilocarpine-induced SE mice. Our findings suggest that miR-23a targeting of ADAM10 contributes to epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy. Thus, the miR-23a-ADAM10 pathway in the epileptic brain may provide a novel target for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoyao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Aifeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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42
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Zhuang RJ, Bai XX, Liu W. MicroRNA-23a depletion promotes apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cell and inhibits cell migration by targeting DLG2. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:897-911. [PMID: 30862230 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1579960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is xenogeneic that is influenced by many generated factors related to epigenetic factors to accelerate tumor metastasis. This study was conducted with the objective of investigating the effect of microRNA-23a-3p (miR-23a) on the biological characteristics of OC stem cells by targeting discs large homolog 2 (DLG2). OC-related differentially expressed genes were screened by microarray-based gene expression analysis, after which a list of miRNAs that regulate the genes was predicted. In total, 50 patients diagnosed with OC were enrolled in this study. DLG2 positive protein expression was measured in OC tissues. The interaction between DLG2 and miR-23a was predicted and analyzed through luciferase activity measurement. With the intervention of miR-23a and/or DLG2 expression in OC stem cells, the expression of miR-23a, DLG2, Bax, Bcl-2, Oct-4, and Nanog was determined. Afterward, different cell experiments were conducted to examine the regulation effect of miR-23a in OC stem cells. Tumor formation in vivo was also evaluated in nude mice. DLG2 had low expression in OC. The results showed that there was a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2, Oct-4, and Nanog, while DLG2 and Bax were increased as a result of miR-23a depletion. In addition, when miR-23a was suppressed, cell viability, migration, invasion, cloning, and renewal abilities of OC stem cells were decreased, while apoptosis ability was enhanced. As a target gene of miR-23a, DLG2 downregulation reversed the suppressive function of miR-23a in the inhibition of OC development. Finally, in vivo experiment verified that miR-23a downregulation restrained the tumor growth in OC stem cells. In conclusion, our findings suggested that the inhibition of miR-23a results in the suppression of OC progression by releasing DLG2, which provides new understanding on the potential therapeutic effect of miR-23a inhibition in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jin Zhuang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xu Bai
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , P.R. China
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Moreno EC, Pascual A, Prieto-Cuadra D, Laza VF, Molina-Cerrillo J, Ramos-Muñoz ME, Rodríguez-Serrano EM, Soto JL, Carrato A, García-Bermejo ML, Guillén-Ponce C. Novel Molecular Characterization of Colorectal Primary Tumors Based on miRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030346. [PMID: 30862091 PMCID: PMC6468580 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNA) expression in colorectal (CR) primary tumours can facilitate a more precise molecular characterization. We identified and validated a miRNA profile associated with clinical and histopathological features that might be useful for patient stratification. In situ hybridization array using paraffin-embedded biopsies of CR primary tumours were used to screen 1436 miRNAs. 17 miRNAs were selected for validation by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) (n = 192) and were further correlated with clinical and histopathological data. We demonstrated that miRNAs associated to Colorectal Cancer (CRC) diagnosis age (over 50s and 60s) included miR-1-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-27b-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p and miR-193b-5p. miR-23b-3p and miR-24-3p discriminated between Lynch Syndrome and sporadic CRC. miR-10a-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-642b and Let-7a-5p were associated to stroma abundance. miR-642b and Let-7a-5p were associated with to peritumoral inflammation abundance. miR-1-3p, miR-143-3p and miR-145-5p correlated with mucinous component. miR-326 correlated with tumour location (right or left sided). miR-1-3p associated with tumour grade. miR-20a-5p, miR-193b-5p, miR-320a, miR-326 and miR-642b-3p associated to tumour stage and progression. Remarkably, we also demonstrated that miR-1-3p and miR-326 expression significantly associated with patient overall survival (OS). Hierarchical clustering and bioinformatics analysis indicated that selected miRNAs could re-classify the patients and work cooperatively, modulating common target genes involved in colorectal cancer key signalling pathways. In conclusion, molecular characterization of CR primary tumours based on miRNAs could lead to more accurate patient reclassification and may be useful for efficient patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Conde Moreno
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Pascual
- Pathology Department, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, University Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Prieto-Cuadra
- SynlabPathology, Pathology Department, Virgen de la Victoria, University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Val F Laza
- Microbiology Department and Bioinformatics Core Facility, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Molina-Cerrillo
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, University Hospital, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miren Edurne Ramos-Muñoz
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain.
| | | | - José Luis Soto
- Hereditary Cancer Program Valencian Region, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Elche University Hospital, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, University Hospital, IRYCIS, Alcala University, 28034 Ciberonc, Spain.
| | - María Laura García-Bermejo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, RedinRen, Spain.
| | - Carmen Guillén-Ponce
- Medical Oncology Department, Ramon y Cajal Research Institute, University Hospital, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
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Chen F, Qi S, Zhang X, Wu J, Yang X, Wang R. miR-23a-3p suppresses cell proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinomas by targeting FGF2 and correlates with a better prognosis: miR-23a-3p inhibits OSCC growth by targeting FGF2. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 215:660-667. [PMID: 30606659 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are one of the most ubiquitous malignancies the world over, and are accompanied by a high mortality. microRNAs (miRNAs) have increasingly garnered attention with regards to the roles they play in initiation and progression of various kinds of cancers, including OSCC. It has been reported, that miR-23a-3p promotes the development of tumors for prostate cancer, gastric cancer and gliomas. The functions of miR-23a-3p in OSCC however, remain unclear. In this study, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is revealed as a direct target of miR-23a-3p, based on luciferase assays and immunoblotting. The expression of miR-23a-3p and FGF2 were found to be significantly downregulated and upregulated in OSCC tissues respectively. This indicates a reverse correlation between miR-23a-3p and FGF2 levels. Using in vitro approaches we ascertained that miR-23a-3p might contribute to the inhibition of growth and inhibition through increasing apoptosis in OSCC cells; while an inhibitor of miR-23a-3p could reverse this effect. Examination of a clinical cohort of OSCC patients suggested that reduced expression of miR-23a-3p is correlated with more advanced cancerous stage and poorer differentiation of OSCC cell. Additionally, a survival analysis and the Cox-hazard regression model showed that higher levels of miR-23a-3p can be used reliably for prognosis of OSCC patients. This study indicates that miR-23a-3p might suppress tumor proliferation, invasion and promote apoptosis of OSCC by targeting FGF2. miR-23a-3p has the potential to be used as prognostic indicator, and could be exploited as a therapeutic reagent for OSCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubo Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shengcai Qi
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Oral & MaxillofacialeHead & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, China.
| | - Raorao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Wang N, Tan HY, Feng YG, Zhang C, Chen F, Feng Y. microRNA-23a in Human Cancer: Its Roles, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 11:E7. [PMID: 30577536 PMCID: PMC6356664 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNA-23a (miR-23a) is one of the most extensively studied miRNAs in different types of human cancer, and plays various roles in the initiation, progression, and treatment of tumors. Here, we comprehensively summarize and discuss the recent findings about the role of miR-23a in cancer. The differential expression of tissue miR-23a was reported, potentially indicating cancer stages, angiogenesis, and metastasis. miR-23a in human biofluid, such as plasma and salivary fluid, may be a sensitive and specific marker for early diagnosis of cancer. Tissue and circulating miR-23a serves as a prognostic factor for cancer patient survival, as well as a predictive factor for response to anti-tumor treatment. The direct and indirect regulation of miR-23a on multiple gene expression and signaling transduction mediates carcinogenesis, tumor proliferation, survival, cell migration and invasion, as well as the response to anti-tumor treatment. Tumor cell-derived miR-23a regulates the microenvironment of human cancer through manipulating both immune function and tumor vascular development. Several transcriptional and epigenetic factors may contribute to the dysregulation of miR-23a in cancer. This evidence highlights the essential role of miR-23a in the application of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yi-Gang Feng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Feiyu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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MTSS1/Src family kinase dysregulation underlies multiple inherited ataxias. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E12407-E12416. [PMID: 30530649 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816177115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetically heterogeneous spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are caused by Purkinje neuron dysfunction and degeneration, but their underlying pathological mechanisms remain elusive. The Src family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases (SFK) are essential for nervous system homeostasis and are increasingly implicated in degenerative disease. Here we reveal that the SFK suppressor Missing-in-metastasis (MTSS1) is an ataxia locus that links multiple SCAs. MTSS1 loss results in increased SFK activity, reduced Purkinje neuron arborization, and low basal firing rates, followed by cell death. Surprisingly, mouse models for SCA1, SCA2, and SCA5 show elevated SFK activity, with SCA1 and SCA2 displaying dramatically reduced MTSS1 protein levels through reduced gene expression and protein translation, respectively. Treatment of each SCA model with a clinically approved Src inhibitor corrects Purkinje neuron basal firing and delays ataxia progression in MTSS1 mutants. Our results identify a common SCA therapeutic target and demonstrate a key role for MTSS1/SFK in Purkinje neuron survival and ataxia progression.
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47
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Neve B, Jonckheere N, Vincent A, Van Seuningen I. Epigenetic Regulation by lncRNAs: An Overview Focused on UCA1 in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110440. [PMID: 30441811 PMCID: PMC6266399 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancers have become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. In particular, acquired chemoresistance and metastatic lesions occurring in colorectal cancer are a major challenge for chemotherapy treatment. Accumulating evidence shows that long non-coding (lncRNAs) are involved in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. We here discuss the epigenetic mechanisms through which lncRNAs regulate gene expression in cancer cells. In the second part of this review, we focus on the role of lncRNA Urothelial Cancer Associated 1 (UCA1) to integrate research in different types of cancer in order to decipher its putative function and mechanism of regulation in colorectal cancer cells. UCA1 is highly expressed in cancer cells and mediates transcriptional regulation on an epigenetic level through the interaction with chromatin modifiers, by direct regulation via chromatin looping and/or by sponging the action of a diversity of miRNAs. Furthermore, we discuss the role of UCA1 in the regulation of cell cycle progression and its relation to chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Neve
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
| | - Nicolas Jonckheere
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
| | - Audrey Vincent
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
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48
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Deng YH, Deng ZH, Hao H, Wu XL, Gao H, Tang SH, Tang H. MicroRNA-23a promotes colorectal cancer cell survival by targeting PDK4. Exp Cell Res 2018; 373:171-179. [PMID: 30342991 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR) is important regulators of gene expression, and aberrant miR expression has been linked to oncogenesis; however, little is understood about their contribution to colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we determined that miR-23a is overexpressed in human colorectal cancer cell lines and tissues compared with that of normal cells. The stable over-expression of miR-23a in CRC cells was sufficient to promote cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Further studies showed that miR-23a can directly bind to the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of PDK4 mRNA and subsequently repress both the mRNA and protein expressions of PDK4. PDK4 negatively regulate CRC proliferation via suppressing PDH activity. Ectopic expression of PDK4 by transiently transfected with PDK4 vector encoding the entire coding sequence could reverse the effects of miR-23a on CRC proliferation. By this way, miR-23a promotes PDH activation and oxidative phosphorylation to generate sufficient ATP for cell proliferation. Our results illustrated that the up-regulation of miR-23a played an important role in CRC cell proliferation through direct repressing PDK4, suggesting a potential application of miR-23a in prognosis prediction and therapeutic application in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hui Deng
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | | | - Hu Hao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xian Lin Wu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shao Hui Tang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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MiR-423-5p in brain metastasis: potential role in diagnostics and molecular biology. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:936. [PMID: 30224667 PMCID: PMC6141540 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
During the last several years, a growing number of studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in cancer metastasis. Brain metastasis (BM) is a frequent complication of lung adenocarcinoma (LAD), and the incidence of locally advanced LAD with BM can be as high as 30-50%. This study was performed to identify the miRNA expression patterns of LAD with BM and to determine the biological role that miRNAs play in tumorigenesis. To this end, we conducted microarray and quantitative PCR analyses to evaluate BM-related miRNAs independently validated from a total of 155 patients with LAD. A series of in vivo and in vitro assays were also conducted to verify the impact of miRNAs on BM. We found significantly increased expression of miR-423-5p, and BM was predicted in non-small cell lung cancer when compared to LAD without BM. We next examined the function of miR-423-5p and discovered that it significantly promoted colony formation, cell motility, migration, and invasion in vitro. We computationally and experimentally confirmed that metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) was a direct miR-423-5p target. Through a combination of image, histological, and molecular analyses, we found that miR-423-5p overexpression significantly increased tumor burden, local invasion, and distant BM. The level of MTSS1 expression was inversely correlated with miR-423-5p upregulation in the LAD specimens and was associated with survival of patients with BM. MiR-423-5p promoted BM in LAD and inhibited MTSS1 expression. Together, these results show that MiR-423-5p has the potential to be a marker of BM and/or a therapeutic target in LAD.
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Wade SM, Trenkmann M, McGarry T, Canavan M, Marzaioli V, Wade SC, Veale DJ, Fearon U. Altered expression of microRNA-23a in psoriatic arthritis modulates synovial fibroblast pro-inflammatory mechanisms via phosphodiesterase 4B. J Autoimmun 2018; 96:86-93. [PMID: 30181004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the functional role of miR-23a in synovial fibroblasts (SFC) activation in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS Differential expression of the miR-23a-27a-24-2 cluster was identified by real-time quantitative PCR in PsA synovial tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) compared to osteoarthritis (OA) and correlated with disease activity. For regulation experiments, PsA synovial fibroblasts (SFC) were cultured with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and pro-inflammatory cytokines. PsA SFC were transfected with a miR-23a inhibitor to assess the functional effect on migration, invasion and expression of pro-inflammatory meditators. The direct interaction between miR-23a and predicted target mRNA, phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), was examined by luciferase reporter gene assay, with the expression and regulation confirmed by RT-PCR and western blot. A PDE4 inhibitor was used to analyse the function of PDE4B signalling in both miR-23a and Poly(I:C)-induced PsA SFC activation. RESULTS Synovial tissue expression of miR-23a was lower in PsA compared to OA and correlated inversely with disease activity and synovitis. TLR activation via Poly(I:C) and LPS, but not Pam3CSK4, significantly decreased miR-23a expression, with no significant effect observed in reponse to stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Decreased miR-23a expression enhanced PsA SFC migration, invasion and secretion of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES and VEGF. We identified PDE4B as a direct target of miR-23a and demonstrated enhanced mRNA and protein expression of PDE4B in anti-miR-23a transfected PsA SFC. Poly(I:C) and/or miR-23a-induced migration and enhanced cytokine expression was suppressed by the blockade of PDE4 signalling. CONCLUSIONS In PsA, dysregulated miR-23a expression contributes to synovial inflammation through enhanced SFC activation, via PDE4B signalling, and identifies a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of PDE4 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Wade
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Trenkmann
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Trudy McGarry
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Canavan
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Viviana Marzaioli
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhan C Wade
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Douglas J Veale
- Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ursula Fearon
- Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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